Journal articles: 'Online hosts'

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van Brakel, Pieter A. "Teaching online searching in a LAN environment." Electronic Library 11, no. 4/5 (April 1, 1993): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb045248.

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Tertiary programmes for teaching online searching consist typically of the components of an online search system, different categories of databases, overview of database hosts and their search facilities, methods to create search strategies and command languages, to name but a few. Practical experience, an integral component, is gained by searching interactively on one or more database hosts, where the emphasis is on search techniques rather than the intrinsic characteristics of the databases of the specific system. The extent of students' hands‐on experience invariably depends on the teaching unit's budget, which may preclude extensive ‘live’ exposure. However, the technical facilities and shared resources of a local area network (LAN) are likely to have a significant effect on the traditional teaching methods of online searching. It is now possible, in a LAN environment, to integrate the various information retrieval activities, for example creating and searching personal or local databases, utilising these for indexing, abstracting and thesaurus building, searching locally on CDROM databases which simulate the search facilities and command languages of commercial database hosts and, when the need arises, accessing their external ‘online’ counterparts. This article will demonstrate how the limited concept of ‘online searching’ is broadened when a LAN and local databases are utilised in the online teaching process.

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Xie, Karen L., and Yong Chen. "Effects of host incentives on multiple listings in accommodation sharing." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 1995–2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-02-2018-0145.

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PurposeDespite the importance of hosts who contribute to the success of accommodation sharing through sharing underutilized space with guests, current literature sheds little light on what exactly incentivizes hosts to grow their properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of multifaceted motivations including financial benefits, online social interaction and membership seniority and their interplay on hosts’ multiple listing behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe study is instantiated on real-world business data collected from an accommodation-sharing platform in China. The data set includes 3,199 observations of 252 multi-listing hosts in Beijing who managed 815 properties from September 2012 to October 2016.FindingsThe study discloses that financial benefits, online social interaction and membership seniority significantly incentivize hosts to list multiple properties on the accommodation-sharing platform. In particular, the social incentive is the most important driver among the three. With a 1 per cent increase in online social interactions, the number of properties operated by a host would increase by 13.5 per cent. While the financial benefits and online social interaction motivate hosts to engage in the multi-listing behavior, such effects are significantly mitigated as the membership seniority increases.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adds to the extant literature a unique yet less researched perspective of supply expansion driven by hosts. It also provides important practical implications for managing multiple properties for a healthy and viable accommodation-sharing community.Originality/valueWhile a majority of the extant research on the sharing economy primarily takes a consumer-related perspective, this study addresses a different and original topic about hosts’ multiple-listing behavior that drives the supply of accommodation sharing. It is a first empirical investigation of the increase of accommodation sharing supply with host motivations explained.

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Spiegel, Solon, Shahar Kvatinsky, and Masha Schuster. "IEEE SSCS Israel Chapter Hosts Online Distinguished Lecture [Chapters]." IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 13, no. 1 (2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2020.3035983.

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Wang, Yaling. "IEEE PES/PELS Macau Section Chapter Hosts Online Seminar." IEEE Power Electronics Magazine 9, no. 3 (September 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpel.2022.3198310.

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Blake, Paul. "CAN ONLINE HOSTS MEET USER REQUIREMENTS TODAY, AND TOMORROW?" Online and CD-Rom Review 18, no. 2 (February 1994): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024484.

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Liu, Jianwei, Jinah Park, Karen Xie, Haiyan Song, and Wei Chen. "Effect of Commercial Neighbors on The Online Popularity of Peer-To-Peer Accommodation-Sharing Properties." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 44, no. 5 (March 19, 2020): 780–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348020909855.

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Commercial hosts are becoming increasingly common in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation sharing. Yet the interplay between commercial and individual hosts has been unclear. This study investigates the effect of properties managed by commercial hosts on the individual hosts in the neighborhood. Specifically, we hypothesize that an increase in commercial properties, which have competitive advantages, would penetrate neighborhood markets and cannibalize the online popularity of individual properties. We test these hypotheses using a large-scale, longitudinal data set collected from a leading P2P accommodation-sharing platform in Beijing. The findings show that an increase in commercial properties is associated with a decline in the popularity of individual properties in the neighborhood. However, the negative effect of commercial properties is weakened when there is a higher price difference between the two ownership types and a higher density of tourist attractions. The implications for service operations and strategies for P2P accommodation-sharing businesses are discussed.

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He, Yukun, Qiang Li, Jian Cao, Yuede Ji, and Dong Guo. "Understanding socialbot behavior on end hosts." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 13, no. 2 (February 2017): 155014771769417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147717694170.

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Server-side socialbot detection approaches can identify malicious accounts and spams in online social networks. However, they cannot detect socialbot processes, residing on user hosts, which control these accounts. Therefore, new approaches are needed to detect socialbots on hosts. The fundamental to design host-side detecting approaches is to gain an insight into the behaviors of socialbots on host. In this article, we analyzed a series of representative socialbots in depth and summarized the typical features of socialbot behaviors. We proposed a new approach to defense against socialbots on end host. The contributions of this article are threefold: (1) our analysis approach can be used for reference during analyzing new socialbots in the future; (2) we provide several behavior features of socialbots on hosts, including network flow through which socialbots communicate with botmasters through the online social network, system calls via which socialbots conduct an activity, and process information of socialbots running on hosts. These features can be used by someone to design approaches to identifying socialbots on a host; (3) our proposed detection approach can effectively distinguish between a socialbot and a benign application on end hosts.

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Fisher, Danyel, Tammara Turner, and Marc Smith. "Space Planning for Online Community." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 2, no. 1 (September 25, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18617.

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Several years of consulting with online community hosts and managers have highlighted a variety of issues that recur across many online community development efforts. We summarize those issues in eight points that have functioned as useful guidelines to working with online communities, particularly within a corporate context. These recommendations focus on the location and purpose of the community, the monitoring of social activity within the space, the provision of feedback to participants and the organization and maintenance of the space. While this collection is particularly focused on issues relevant to community organizers closely involved in starting, maintaining or growing online communities, its principles are generally applicable for analyzing and understanding the dynamics within a variety of communities.

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Koura, Yaya H., Yaming Zhang, and Hai’ou Liu. "Competitive Interaction Model for Online Social Networks’ Users’ Data Forwarding at a Subnet." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3971803.

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Social Networks Ecosystem is evolving faster and Social Networks users’ intensive activities are affecting significantly the network traffic. Generated data from different sending and receiving hosts have to be handled by network active nodes and links. In this paper, we propose to study the interaction between two types of network active hosts by using a Lotka-Volterra competitive system that considers the subnet limiting supply. We applied our proposed model to two kinds of Online Social Networks’ (OSNs’) users characterized by the intensity of their activities from the generated data perspective. We assumed and proved that the impact of competition is flexible and subject to forwarding protocol and subnet allocated resources. By taking the competition case in the analysis of the differential equations, we show that when competition exists, one stable equilibrium point can be found if certain conditions are respected. Numerical results confirm our theoretical analysis and show that instead of treating equally at the subnet level all data from active hosts, adopting a routing protocol that takes into account the nature of data and the forwarding time is necessary for improving the overall performance of the network.

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Kim, Jurak. "Why Do Locals Host Tourists?: Various Local Hosts’ Reasons for Choosing Airbnb Experiences and Their Motivations for Hosting." Association of Korean Cultural and Historical Geographers 34, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29349/jchg.2022.34.3.124.

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This study attempted to understand how local hosts, who greet tourists on an online platform, got to know the platform and what motivated them to host, and as a result, it identified a variety of hosts accordingly. Until now, ‘new urban tourism,’ in which tourists are interested in locals’ daily lives, has been considered a tourist-led phenomenon, so research on the role of local people has not been fully conducted. However, local people are already key actors in local tourism through online platforms and their role in post-COVID-19 tourism is expected to become more important. As a result of the study, the way local people know and participate in the platform and the motivation for hosting are interrelated, and the effects of hosting vary depending on it. With research on tourists, research on local people who were consumers of local tourism in the past but become suppliers is necessary to comprehensively understand the changes in tourism and regions.

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Poynder, Richard. "SITE LICENSING — DATABASE PRODUCERS, ONLINE HOSTS AND USERS GIVE THEIR VIEWS." Online and CD-Rom Review 17, no. 1 (January 1993): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024422.

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Kazembe, Neo, Hongjik Kim, Cong Wang, Shuichiro Higuma, Yerim Yang, Taeeun Kim, Ryogo Ogino, and Mai Takase. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on senior-to-senior social engagement activities at a community space in Japan." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3473.

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Abstract A local community space in Japan, Chiki Kastudokan, has been hosting several senior-to-senior social activities for community-dwelling older adults with support from the University of Tokyo. The activities are aimed at fostering communication and social engagement through exercise, music, cafe, and craft. After the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic, these activities have been disrupted. We conducted a questionnaire survey between June and July 2020 to assess how the pandemic has affected 26 activities and identify support needs that can enable their continuity amid the pandemic (response rate: 77%). First, all 26 activities were suspended by the onset of COVID-19. Hosts of 8 (40%) activities devised alternative ways to engage participants at home. For instance, hosts of craft activities arranged and sent to participants crafting kits. Limited capacity in using online platforms like Skype or Zoom prevented virtual interaction of hosts and participants. Notably, hosts were anxious towards resuming activities amid the pandemic. They worried about their health (50%), of being criticized by friends and family(25%), and of infections spreading among participants (85%). Hosts wanted strategies to prevent infections during activities, and easy to understand infection prevention guidelines for participants. These findings reveal that COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected senior-to-senior activities at Chiki Kastudokan. The University of Tokyo could help hosts identify effective infection prevention strategies to use when hosting activities amid the pandemic. It could also provide ICT training to hosts and participants to enhance their capacity in using online platforms in case of future waves of COVID-19.

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Rowley, J. E. "HOW MUCH WILL MY ONLINE SEARCH COST? A REVIEW OF THE CHANGING POLICIES OF THE ONLINE HOSTS." Online and CD-Rom Review 17, no. 3 (March 1993): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024437.

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Brant, Clare, and Rob Gallagher. "Digital Media: Life-Changing Online. Introduction." European Journal of Life Writing 8 (May 18, 2019): DM1—DM11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.8.35545.

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This special issue follows on from the IABA Europe 2017 conference held at King’s College London hosted by the Ego-Media research group and the Centre for Life-Writing Research, who thank everyone who contributed. The conference theme was “Life Writing, Europe and New Media”: anodyne terms, in the interests of inclusivity, yet their congruence raises some big questions. Is the term life writing sufficiently able to absorb digital and social media as part of its assumed domain? How do offline and online forms of life writing relate to each other? In a global internet age, what if anything is specific to Europe or European practices? And, agonisingly for the hosts in the wake of Brexit, in what ways is it possible for Britain to persist in being European?

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Norum, Roger, and Erika Polson. "Placemaking ‘experiences’ during Covid-19." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 27, no. 3 (April 5, 2021): 609–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13548565211004470.

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This article explores the ways in which, during the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic, AirBnb’s successful place-based Experiences product was reimagined as a live online offering, marketed to would-be tourists living under ‘stay at home’ orders. Using online ethnographic and interpretive analysis of these new virtual experiences, we highlight a series of core placemaking strategies employed by hosts of the once in-situ experiences to show how they reemerge as interactive digital placemakers. In doing so, we elucidate how live, multimedia digital experiences become part of an evolution in the creation of ‘placemarkets’ that are now fundamental to both global mobility and globalized commercial exchange in the experience economy. Beyond the technological features used for these placemaking experiences, we find that the experience hosts and their manifold strategies to substantively engage participants – particularly through igniting their senses – are at the crux of digital placemaking; it is the affective labor of the hosts that most contributes to experiencing emplacement.

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Mayya, Raveesh, Shun Ye, Siva Viswanathan, and Rajshree Agarwal. "Who Forgoes Screening in Online Markets and Why? Evidence from Airbnb." MIS Quarterly 45, no. 4 (October 14, 2021): 1745–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15335.

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Screening is considered a necessary mechanism for alleviating information asymmetry but has also raised concerns about increased discrimination in online peer-to-peer market platforms. Paradoxically, providers of goods and services may also voluntarily forgo screening, even though it increases the risks and costs associated with poor matches. We examine who may choose to forgo screening and why, and its impact on their performance outcomes. Our study’s empirical context is the Airbnb platform, wherein the “Instant Book” feature enables hosts to forgo the screening of guests. Utilizing a unique panel dataset of all listings in New York City during August 2015-February 2017, we first explore the antecedents of voluntarily switching to instant booking and then causally identify the impacts of switching. Our study provides evidence of the economic benefits of forgoing screening from increased occupancy even as review ratings decline; these effects are stronger for Black and female hosts. We discuss the strategic and social welfare implications of these findings within the context of current conversations on discrimination and bias in the sharing economy.

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Park, Sangwon, and Iis P. Tussyadiah. "How Guests Develop Trust in Hosts: An Investigation of Trust Formation in P2P Accommodation." Journal of Travel Research 59, no. 8 (November 12, 2019): 1402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287519884654.

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As peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation service often involves multistage interactions between hosts and guests in online and offline settings, trust between the parties involved is of the utmost importance. In particular, the possibility of interacting offline in P2P service delivery highlights the significance of interpersonal trust between hosts and guests. Accordingly, this study examines the formation of trusting beliefs in hosts, comprising prospective guests’ perception of the ability, benevolence, and integrity of the hosts. This study estimated the effects of two antecedents—propensity to trust and trust in P2P platform—on trusting beliefs, as well as the consequence of trusting beliefs, that is, behavioral intention to book from the host. Important implications for trust formation in a P2P accommodation marketplace are provided.

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Spiegel, Solon, Shahar Kvatinsky, and Masha Schuster. "IEEE SSCS Israel Chapter Hosts Online Lecture by DL Prof. Wicht [Chapters]." IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 12, no. 4 (2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2020.3021929.

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Spiegel, Solon, Shahar Kvatinsky, and Masha Schuster. "IEEE SSCS Israel Chapter Hosts Online Lecture by DL Prof. Bevilacqua [Chapters]." IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 12, no. 4 (2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2020.3021930.

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Farooq, Muzammil, Sangita Baig, Sabyan Faris Honey, Babar Ehsan Bajwa, Fazlullah, and Iqbal Hussain Shah. "Correction to: Evaluation of host susceptibility, preference and offspring performance of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on different hosts." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 40, no. 4 (May 20, 2020): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00146-3.

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The above mentioned article, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 40, issue 1, page 93–99 the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication.

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Li, Zhiyong, Honglin Chen, and Xia Huang. "Airbnb or Hotel?" International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management in the Digital Age 4, no. 2 (July 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthmda.2020070101.

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Advances in information technology have hugely influenced the tourism industry. Many tourists can generate and share their travel tips through social media, and people consult online reviews before making travel arrangements because they could access these sources of information easily. Either positive or negative reviews could increase consumer awareness of Airbnb. Using the approach of text mining and sentiment analysis, examining whether guests' emotions are positive or negative, this study investigates the attributes that influence Airbnb consumers' experiences compared with their previous hotel experiences by analysing big data of guests' online reviews. Findings reveal that the factors of guests' positive sentiment are the atmosphere, flexibility, special amenities, and humanized service; the factors of guests' negative sentiment are not value for money, have to clean the room before leaving, sharing amenities and space with strangers, disturbed by hosts' noisy recreational activities, and troubled by hosts' requesting good reviews.

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Sawaneh, Ibrahim Abdulai. "Cybercrimes: Threats, Challenges, Awareness, and Solutions in Sierra Leone." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 3, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir20114.

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The internet hosts all online activities either for public or private usage. It is a powerful online podium where people socialize, make new friends, conduct academic research, perform online business transactions, share sensitive data, communication over the internet, surveillance purpose by security agencies, monitor climatic condition, used in e-healthcare system, online banking, online pay, e-commerce, defense system, and host of others critical infrastructures are the new order of the day. This has attracted online criminals to diverse numerous malicious techniques to invade people’s privacy and also exploit those data. A new game has resulted in these online malicious activities are known as “cybercrime or internet crime” which is a rewarding business as of today. Therefore, it has become difficult to protect those online activities as cybercrimes are growing daily, which suggests that effective and appropriate countermeasures are needed to combat those threats and make online activities more secure. The research paper presents the various types of cybercrime activities, countermeasures, and suggestions for online users.

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Koh, Yoon, Amanda Belarmino, and Min Gyung Kim. "Good fences make good revenue: An examination of revenue management practices at peer-to-peer accommodations." Tourism Economics 26, no. 7 (August 12, 2019): 1108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816619867579.

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While hotel revenue managers utilize tools such as pricing, market segmentation, rate fences, and forecasting to maximize revenue, hosts in peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodations often have limited knowledge and lack the sophisticated pricing tools. Despite online resources for revenue management available, there has yet to be an examination regarding how widely spread these practices are in the P2P accommodation segment. Based on daily best available rates and booking restrictions information for P2P accommodations listed on Airbnb from top 10 cities with highest room inventories in the United States, this study aims to shed light on the current state of revenue management adoption on Airbnb. Utilizing a total of 307,955 Airbnb property’s daily data for 32 months, this study found that there are significant differences in revenue management practices by host characteristics (multi-unit hosts vs. single-unit hosts: Superhosts vs. non-Superhosts) for three revenue management tactics: dynamic pricing, minimum night’s stay, and restricted cancellation, and the hosts practices changes as their experience accumulates.

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Juniarti, Gita. "Sharing Private Space with Strangers: The Phenomenon of Couchsurfing App User." Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 6, no. 2 (December 3, 2021): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v6i2.576.

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Couchsurfing is an application that connects persons who need lodging, with individuals who offer their house as a free place to stay. Persons who need lodging are called surfers and individuals who provide their house are called hosts. When hosts and surfers are just getting acquainted through the Couchsurfing app, they hold some uncertainty with each other. This study describes the experiences of both parties in their efforts to reduce uncertainty and build close relationships, even though they only met through digital applications and never face to face. This study uses a phenomenological approach with data search techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, direct observation, and data observation through the Couchsurfing application. The number of interviewees was 14 from various cities in Indonesia. To reduce uncertainty and build close relationships, hosts and surfers go through five stages; first, understanding and believing technology; second, pre-conversation; third, online conversation-1; fourth, face-to-face conversation; and fifth, online conversation-2. The description of these stages is summarized in the findings of this study. This finding also proves that the presence of technology may modify the previously known theories of interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication not only takes place between two people directly but also involves technology as an intermediary.

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Gmelch, Sharon, and Tim Wallace. "Introduction to Tourism: Beyond Hosts and Guests." Practicing Anthropology 34, no. 3 (June 29, 2012): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.3.q430v7824626244v.

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This special issue of Practicing Anthropology draws together an exciting and diverse set of papers and presentations on the topic of tourism written by both veteran anthropologists and graduate students. The study of tourism is no longer on the periphery of anthropology. Tourism's far-reaching connections and consequences for the tourist, the toured, and the anthropologist who studies them are clearly recognized today. The SfAA has long been a leader in encouraging the dissemination of tourism research by applied anthropologists. A quick online search of past Human Organization and Practicing Anthropology issues reveals 56 articles containing the word "tourism" in either the title or the abstract, with the earliest dating back to 1973. This tradition continues in this special issue, which addresses a number of contemporary issues in tourism and raises important questions about its global role.

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Kim, Sung In, Jaewook Kim, Yoon Koh, and John T. Bowen. "Toward maximization of peer-to-peer accommodation hosts’ competitive productivity (CP)." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 9 (June 14, 2021): 3003–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2020-1029.

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Purpose The research purpose is to conceptualize competitive productivity (CP) in the peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation businesses. This study aims to conceptualize the four driving forces of P2P hosts’ CP and to empirically capture guest-based equity that supports such conceptual hosts’ CP model. Design/methodology/approach The goal of this paper is to apply Bauman’s Firm competitive productivity (FCP) model to the P2P accommodation business to conceptualize the CP of micro-entrepreneurial hosts. Four areas of the FCP model were reviewed to find how each of them contributes to the P2P hosts’ CP maximization. Findings Host talent, host resource management, value and host branding were conceptualized as key drivers of P2P hosts’ CP. The study also filled a gap in current literature by empirically analyzing online reviews to successfully capture key guest-based equity as satisfiers contributing to host talent, resource and branding. Practical implications Based on the hosts’ CP model, customer-generated resources play a significant role in the managerial implications, so that guest reviews with needs and wants and ratings can be empirically used to strengthen hosts’ CP under specific market circumstances. Originality/value This study is the first attempt to conceptualize a P2P host as a micro-entrepreneurial firm in the sharing economy platform for CP. This study looked at how the unique characteristics of the P2P accommodation industry and guest-based equity affect the P2P hosts’ CP.

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Qiu, Hanqin, Dongzhi Chen, Jian-Wu Bi, Jiaying Lyu, and Qinghui Li. "The construction of the affinity-seeking strategies of Airbnb homestay hosts." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 34, no. 3 (December 7, 2021): 861–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2020-1157.

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Purpose This study aims to explore the dimensions and sub-factors of Airbnb hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. It also aims to build a conceptual framework of hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies and their impact on Airbnb guests’ feelings of affection toward their host and/or the homestay and their behavioral intentions. Design/methodology/approach Based on 150,161 Inside Airbnb online reviews in three major US cities, this study uses semantic analysis to explore processes through which hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies are constructed. Findings A conceptual framework is proposed to identify two dimensions (warmth and competency) and their sub-factors (“presenting friendly attitudes,” “showing personality traits,” “providing service and help” and “promoting social interaction and sharing”) of Airbnb homestay hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. The framework shows a positive relationship between these strategies and guests’ affection and behavior in response. Practical implications The research findings provide valuable insights to hosts for improving their affinity and strengthening their competitive advantages. They also offer guidance to destination management organizations on how to build a positive destination image. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to conceptualize Airbnb homestay hosts’ affinity-seeking strategies. It contributes to the literature by incorporating social cognition theory and service theory in the analysis of these strategies.

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Simonovits, Bori, Boglárka Zách, and Csenge Kondorosy. "Participation, trust, and risks associated with peer-to-peer accommodation platforms : How did the COVID-19 crisis affect Airbnb Budapest in 2020?" Intersections 7, no. 3 (2021): 178–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17356/ieejsp.v7i3.790.

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Our research was aimed at exploring the different layers of trust with regard to Airbnb services, as well as the practices of discrimination on the platform. The fieldwork was carried out in the first half of 2020, partly before and partly after the COVID-19 related interventions, which significantly affected life in Budapest from mid-March 2020 onwards. A total of 21 semi-structured interviews were carried out, supplemented with online discourse analysis. Our empirical analysis revealed that most of our interviewees displayed positive attitudes towards Airbnb, but our online discourse analysis showed that there are rather mixed attitudes towards the company. Considering the platform from an employment perspective, certain elements of precarious working conditions were identified. When it comes to different layers of trust, we point out that interpersonal trust between guests and hosts is crucial, resulting in positive experiences for hosts in many ways. We found social trust in Airbnb to be more ambiguous, as some interviewees claimed to have concerns with regard to its effect on the housing market. Finally, distributed trust on the platform seemed significant, as ratings often serve as a means of predicting guests’ trustworthiness. Most of the hosts we interviewed were aware of the fact that discrimination is not tolerated at all by the platform, so it is not surprising that we could hardly identify any cases of overt discrimination; however, latent forms of discrimination and negative attitudes as well as stereotypes that were formed by the hosts in relation to numerous nationalities and minorities were explored in our empirical research.

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Zhang, Zhihua, and Rachel J. C. Fu. "Accommodation Experience in the Sharing Economy: A Comparative Study of Airbnb Online Reviews." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 10500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410500.

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Current research investigating the accommodation experience in the sharing economy in China is limited, especially from a cross-cultural perspective. To fill this gap, this study examined the accommodation experience of Airbnb guests using text-mining techniques and compared the accommodation experience perception between two culturally different groups: domestic Chinese and foreign English-speaking Airbnb guests. The results showed that the two groups shared eight common dimensions, including “Convenience/Location”, “Amenities”, “Feel at home”, “Check-in/out”, “Experience”, “Availability/Transportation”, “Host”, and “Style/Decoration”. However, there are differences in the relative importance of each dimension of accommodation experience between the domestic and foreign Airbnb guests. For example, the foreign guests more often mentioned homeliness, location/convenience, and availability/transportation, while the domestic guests showed greater interest in check-in procedures and style/decoration. Additionally, the two groups have several unique dimensions. The dimensions unique to foreign guests are “Recommendation” and “Booking flexibility”, while the dimensions unique to domestic guests are “Revisit” and “Cleanliness”. This study provides both theoretical and practical implications for peer-to-peer accommodation hosts and platforms. For example, Airbnb hosts can improve the satisfaction of Airbnb guests by improving several common extracted topics (e.g., amenities quality and host response) and the fact that foreign guests care more about homeliness, while domestic guests pay more attention to the check-in process and house design and decoration.

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Kaicker, Anju, Pranav Mathur, and Sumaiya Jawed. "HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA THROUGH MOOCs AND ONLINE COURSES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 10, no. 3 (April 12, 2022): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v10.i3.2022.4545.

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Online education has seen a rapid and significant growth in the 21st century. Online courses and MOOCs have had an extremely positive impact on higher education in India. Herein, is an attempt to study the growing sphere of online education in India, with special reference to developments in the past decade. In the study, the authors have examined the role of the public and private sector in the field of education. SWAYAM is an indigenous platform of the Government of India which hosts numerous courses and has attracted learners from all age groups and across different streams. Simultaneous growth of educational start-ups in the last decade has enhanced employment generation as well as opened up new avenues for professional growth. Growing collaborations between educational start-ups and foreign universities is helping in globalization of education. The paper compares private and public online courses and discusses how online education has positively impacted employability across various sectors. The various challenges posed in online education have also been elaborated.

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陈, 丽英. "Online Short Term Rental Houses Platform Hosts Operational Motivation in the Tourism Sharing Economy." Modern Management 11, no. 05 (2021): 471–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mm.2021.115062.

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Liang, Sai, Xiaoxia Zhang, Chunxiao Li, Hui Li, and Xiaoyu Yu. "Tit for tat: understanding the responding behavior of property hosts on peer-to-peer rental platforms." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 3 (February 11, 2021): 1105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2020-0705.

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Purpose Due to their very different contexts, the responses made by property hosts to online reviews can differ from those posted by hotel managers. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of the responding behavior of hosts on peer-to-peer property rental platforms. Design/methodology/approach This study applied a comprehensive framework based on the theory of planned behavior. Empirical models are constructed based on 89,967 guest reviews with their associated responses to reveal the responding pattern of property hosts. Findings Unlike hotel managers, property hosts are more likely to reply to positive than to negative reviews; moreover, when they do choose to respond to negative reviews, they are likely to do so negatively, in a “tit-for-tat” way. This study also finds that one reason for the difference of responding patterns between property hosts and hotel managers is the hosts’ lack of experience of consumer relationship management and service recovery. Research limitations/implications This study provides a good start point for future theoretical development regarding effective responding strategy on peer-to-peer property rental platforms, as well as some useful implications for practitioners. Originality/value This study is an early attempt to analyze the impact of the particularity of emerging platforms on the responding behavior of service providers based on a comprehensive conceptual framework and empirical model thus provides a good starting point for the further investigation of effective response strategies on these emerging platforms.

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Deale, Cynthia S., and Alleah Crawford. "Providers’ perceptions of the online community marketplace for lodging accommodations." Tourism and Hospitality Research 18, no. 4 (December 12, 2016): 470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358416682067.

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With the increase in intermediaries in the online marketplace for lodging accommodations, such as Airbnb, Vacation Rental by Owner, Home Away, and Flip Key, opportunities for consumers to book lodging accommodations and for home owners to rent out their own homes, condominiums, and bedrooms are growing. While some research has investigated travelers’ motivations for using these services, little work has addressed the motivations and behaviors of owners. This qualitative study used interpretative phenomenological analysis to analyze data collected from interviews with current owners. Themes that emerged from the analysis, pertaining to the description of the providers, included identity, motivations, and drawbacks; while those related to the daily operations of the facility included advantages, features, and logistics. Ultimately, the study found that providers of alternative lodging are focused on respect between hosts and guests, developing meaningful relationships, and acquiring all the necessary resources to operate.

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Kim, Jaewook, Liang(Rebecca) Tang, Xi Wang, and Linan Zhang. "What factors affect entrepreneurial intention in sharing accommodations? The application of the entrepreneurial event model." Journal of Global Hospitality and Tourism 1, no. 1 (February 2022): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2771-5957.1.1.1002.

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Hosts of sharing accommodation platforms are considered an evolving mode of entrepreneurs. This study aimed to examine the relationship among entrepreneurship capital (EC), perceived feasibility (PF), perceived desirability (PD), and entrepreneurial intention (EI) in sharing lodging by using the entrepreneurial event (SEE) model. Particularly, EC was evaluated as a second-order factor with four first-order sub-variables: financial, social, intellectual, and human capital (HC). Data were collected from online surveys completed by 328 respondents. Second-order factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used in the analysis. Results confirmed that all four sub-variables contributed to inclusive capital. Inclusive capital positively influenced PF and PD, which led to EI. This study contributes to the evolving knowledge of sharing accommodations and enriches the research body of entrepreneurship via examining hosts of sharing lodging as innovative micro-entrepreneurs. It offers practical tools to help prospective hosts assess whether they are ready to operate a sharing lodging business.

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Biney, Isaac Kofi. "Experiences of Adult Learners Engaged in Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ghana." International Journal of Adult Education and Technology 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaet.310075.

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Adult learners' engagement in distance education is increasing in Ghana. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the University of Ghana transitioned to online facilitation and learning. This qualitative case study explores the transition to online learning at the Accra Learning Centre, which hosts over 80% of the University of Ghana's distance education students. In-depth interviews were conducted for eight students on the potential strengths, challenges, and coping strategies for learning online. It emerged that online learning helps build the digital skills that help adults become self-directed learners. Among challenges, participants observed network and internet connectivity problems. Adult learners were unprepared, but there was no other way to drive lifelong learning endeavours, so they adjusted to online learning through group learning and practice to build their digital literacy skills. The paper recommends that training programmes on change and time management are organised for adult learners who lack those skills and high-speed internet installed at the learning centres.

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Maman, S., A. Shenfeld, S. Isaacson, and D. G. Blumberg. "Spec Tool; an online education and research resource." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-9-2016.

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Education and public outreach (EPO) activities related to remote sensing, space, planetary and geo-physics sciences have been developed widely in the Earth and Planetary Image Facility (EPIF) at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. These programs aim to motivate the learning of geo-scientific and technologic disciplines. For over the past decade, the facility hosts research and outreach activities for researchers, local community, school pupils, students and educators. As software and data are neither available nor affordable, the EPIF Spec tool was created as a web-based resource to assist in initial spectral analysis as a need for researchers and students. The tool is used both in the academic courses and in the outreach education programs and enables a better understanding of the theoretical data of spectroscopy and Imaging Spectroscopy in a 'hands-on' activity. <br><br> This tool is available online and provides spectra visualization tools and basic analysis algorithms including Spectral plotting, Spectral angle mapping and Linear Unmixing. The tool enables to visualize spectral signatures from the USGS spectral library and additional spectra collected in the EPIF such as of dunes in southern Israel and from Turkmenistan. For researchers and educators, the tool allows loading collected samples locally for further analysis.

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Maman, S., A. Shenfeld, S. Isaacson, and D. G. Blumberg. "Spec Tool; an online education and research resource." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-9-2016.

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Education and public outreach (EPO) activities related to remote sensing, space, planetary and geo-physics sciences have been developed widely in the Earth and Planetary Image Facility (EPIF) at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. These programs aim to motivate the learning of geo-scientific and technologic disciplines. For over the past decade, the facility hosts research and outreach activities for researchers, local community, school pupils, students and educators. As software and data are neither available nor affordable, the EPIF Spec tool was created as a web-based resource to assist in initial spectral analysis as a need for researchers and students. The tool is used both in the academic courses and in the outreach education programs and enables a better understanding of the theoretical data of spectroscopy and Imaging Spectroscopy in a 'hands-on' activity. <br><br> This tool is available online and provides spectra visualization tools and basic analysis algorithms including Spectral plotting, Spectral angle mapping and Linear Unmixing. The tool enables to visualize spectral signatures from the USGS spectral library and additional spectra collected in the EPIF such as of dunes in southern Israel and from Turkmenistan. For researchers and educators, the tool allows loading collected samples locally for further analysis.

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Eskola, Pirkko, and Eero Sormunen. "Cost comparison of online searching in four hosts: Data‐Star, Dialog, ESA‐IRS and STN." Online Review 14, no. 5 (May 1990): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb024350.

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Harris, Stephen, and Charles Oppenheim. "Does machine-readable documentation on online hosts and CD-ROMs have a role or future?" Journal of Information Science 22, no. 4 (August 1996): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555159602200403.

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Nadkarni, Tushar. "International Journal for Research and Development in Engineering." International Journal of Software Engineering and Technologies (IJSET) 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijset.v1i2.4571.

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Search Engines are tremendous force multipliers for end hosts trying to discover content on the Web. As the amount of content online grows, so does dependence on web crawlers to discover relevant content. The motive is to develop an efficient Web Crawler that will give results more relevant to search keyword and faster, which will support Semantics extraction, multithreading and distributed computing.

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Baute-Díaz, Nisamar, Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño, and Ricardo Díaz-Armas. "Interaction and reputation in Airbnb: an exploratory analysis." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 13, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 370–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-10-2018-0149.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the role of social interaction and reputation when reviewing experiences on the Airbnb platform. Recent studies have suggested that social interaction and aspects related to reputation may encourage positive bias in the case of online ratings and comments.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research method was used. In total, 20 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with non-professional Airbnb hosts and guests resident on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands).FindingsFace-to-face interaction between the host and guest could lead to the moderation or omission of negative comments by guests. Reputation is a relevant factor that affects the behaviour of the users on the platform. Users are expected to behave in accordance with certain conventions learned when using the platform.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploratory analysis must be complemented by other quantitative research. The hosts interviewed are not professional hosts.Practical implicationsIt is recommendable for hosts offering average accommodation to pay special attention to welcoming and assisting their guests, with the aim of boosting their reputation on the platform.Originality/valueThis is the first qualitative study to deal with the effect of social interaction and reputation from the point of view of hosts and guests when reviewing experiences on the Airbnb platform.

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Maschke, Rüdiger, Barbara Pretzner, Gernot John, Christoph Herwig, and Dieter Eibl. "Improved Time Resolved KPI and Strain Characterization of Multiple Hosts in Shake Flasks Using Advanced Online Analytics and Data Science." Bioengineering 9, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9080339.

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Shake flasks remain one of the most widely used cultivation systems in biotechnology, especially for process development (cell line and parameter screening). This can be justified by their ease of use as well as their low investment and running costs. A disadvantage, however, is that cultivations in shake flasks are black box processes with reduced possibilities for recording online data, resulting in a lack of control and time-consuming, manual data analysis. Although different measurement methods have been developed for shake flasks, they lack comparability, especially when changing production organisms. In this study, the use of online backscattered light, dissolved oxygen, and pH data for characterization of animal, plant, and microbial cell culture processes in shake flasks are evaluated and compared. The application of these different online measurement techniques allows key performance indicators (KPIs) to be determined based on online data. This paper evaluates a novel data science workflow to automatically determine KPIs using online data from early development stages without human bias. This enables standardized and cost-effective process-oriented cell line characterization of shake flask cultivations to be performed in accordance with the process analytical technology (PAT) initiative. The comparison showed very good agreement between KPIs determined using offline data, manual techniques, and automatic calculations based on multiple signals of varying strengths with respect to the selected measurement signal.

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Chen, Yuhao, and Xiaowei Wang. "miRDB: an online database for prediction of functional microRNA targets." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. D1 (August 31, 2019): D127—D131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz757.

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Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that act as master regulators in many biological processes. miRNAs function mainly by downregulating the expression of their gene targets. Thus, accurate prediction of miRNA targets is critical for characterization of miRNA functions. To this end, we have developed an online database, miRDB, for miRNA target prediction and functional annotations. Recently, we have performed major updates for miRDB. Specifically, by employing an improved algorithm for miRNA target prediction, we now present updated transcriptome-wide target prediction data in miRDB, including 3.5 million predicted targets regulated by 7000 miRNAs in five species. Further, we have implemented the new prediction algorithm into a web server, allowing custom target prediction with user-provided sequences. Another new database feature is the prediction of cell-specific miRNA targets. miRDB now hosts the expression profiles of over 1000 cell lines and presents target prediction data that are tailored for specific cell models. At last, a new web query interface has been added to miRDB for prediction of miRNA functions by integrative analysis of target prediction and Gene Ontology data. All data in miRDB are freely accessible at http://mirdb.org.

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Zielezinski, Andrzej, Sebastian Deorowicz, and Adam Gudyś. "PHIST: fast and accurate prediction of prokaryotic hosts from metagenomic viral sequences." Bioinformatics 38, no. 5 (December 14, 2021): 1447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab837.

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Abstract Summary Phage–Host Interaction Search Tool (PHIST) predicts prokaryotic hosts of viruses based on exact matches between viral and host genomes. It improves host prediction accuracy at species level over current alignment-based tools (on average by 3 percentage points) as well as alignment-free and CRISPR-based tools (by 14–20 percentage points). PHIST is also two orders of magnitude faster than alignment-based tools making it suitable for metagenomics studies. Availability and implementation GNU-licensed C++ code wrapped in Python API available at: https://github.com/refresh-bio/phist. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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C. S. Ku, Edward, Tang-Chung Kan, and Chia-Li Hsieh. "MATCHING PRIVATE ACCOMMODATIONS WITH UNFAMILIAR TOURISTS: THE PERSPECTIVE FROM ALTRUISM AND SOCIAL IDENTITY." Tourism and hospitality management 28, no. 1 (2022): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.28.1.5.

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Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine how online travel communities and host benevolence influence Couchsurfer behavior. We formulated a model of Couchsurfers’ behavioral intentions from the perspectives of trust, social identity theory, and altruism. Design/methodology/approach - Empirical data were collected from members of online travel communities. Participants were required to complete an online survey program developed using the SURVEYCAKE website (https://www.surveycake.com/), via invitation message. The invitation information stated the purpose of the study and provided a hyperlink to the digital survey form. We sent out the invitations, and 423 were returned completed. Findings - Community engagement is an enzyme catalyst between Couchsurfers and online travel communities. Online travel communities that provide an enjoyable experience could increase the satisfaction of Couchsurfers, who tend to spend more time browsing and interacting with interesting online travel communities. Research limitations/implications - Research will discuss the travel purpose of Couchsurfers and may better understand the considerations of hosts willing to provide lodging in future research. Practical implications - The operator of online travel communities should collect tacit knowledge and transform it into useful tourism information that can benefit both online travel communities and Couchsurfers. Originality/value - The results of this study provide additional evidence of altruism in the study of tourism behavior and offer new perspectives on behavior in virtual communities

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Septiana, Nabilla, Dinie Ramdhani Kusuma, and Yunita Hapsari. "Recognizing Sexually Transmitted Infections And Their Treatment." KESANS : International Journal of Health and Science 1, no. 2 (November 20, 2021): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/kesans.v1i2.7.

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Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another, can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. STIs can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, and oral sex. This article aims to identify STIs and their management. The sources used are scientific journals and textbooks. Source searches were conducted on the online portals of journal publications such as the National Center for Biotechnology Information / NCBI (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and Google Scholar (scholar.google.com). Transmission of STIs can occur due to interactions between agents (disease-causing factors), hosts (humans as hosts), and the environment (environmental factors). The increase in the incidence of STIs is influenced by several factors, including demographic changes such as very high population growth, increased community movements due to work or tourism, advances in IT-based technology (Technology Information) and socio-economic improvements.

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Stewart, Remy. "Authenticity for Rent? Airbnb Hosts and the Commodification of Urban Displacement." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555594.

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Airbnb as an online short-term rental marketplace has had significant impact on the housing dynamics of major metropolitan regions. This work examines Airbnb's relationship with urban residential displacement through the dual phenomena of neighborhood gentrification as the loss of low-income households along with neighborhood exclusion as the preservation of elite enclaves without affordable housing options available to low-income households. I feature approximately 15 thousand unique San Francisco Airbnb listings spanning from 2016 to 2021 to investigate how Airbnb hosts employ cultural rhetoric associated with urban displacement to advertise their units' neighborhoods. I employ a computational mixed-methods design by combining natural language processing techniques with qualitative content analysis to examine how hosts differ in their cultural representations of their listing's neighborhoods by its relationship with residential displacement. My findings highlight the pervasiveness of rhetoric focusing on the authenticity and diversity of gentrifying neighborhoods contrasted to the safety and family-friendliness of exclusionary neighborhoods as a key strategy Airbnb hosts use to commercialize their listings. These findings underscore the reinforcing dynamics between regional Airbnb markets and urban displacement, with subsequent implications towards the ongoing marginalization of longstanding residential communities within contemporary cities.

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Toombs, Austin L., Ahreum Lee, Zhuang Guo, Jared Buls, Abbee Westbrook, Ian Carr, Yuqing Wu, and Michael LaPeter. ""We're so much more than the in-game clan": Gaming Experiences and Group Management in Multi-Space Online Communities." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555119.

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The platforms that host online gaming groups and communities continue to evolve, and it has become possible to join, participate in, and consume content from groups that exist across multiple tools, platforms, and spaces at the same time. In this paper, we explore how groups use and rely upon assemblages of multiple online spaces to accomplish the "work" of participating in these gaming groups. We present an interview study with users of the100.io, a platform that hosts gaming community spaces, helps players find groups, and operates as a gaming event scheduling tool for its users. Contrary to our initial assumptions, we found that users relied upon the100 as a kind of glue for flexibly-interconnected, multi-space group configurations. These multi-space groups support our participants' desires to approach online gaming as a social practice, provide additional accountability among players, and enable multiple forms of social participation within those communities. Our findings point towards opportunities to expand social computing scholarship to better describe how users of online communities flexibly bridge across technical infrastructure.

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Zhang, Jurui. "What’s yours is mine: exploring customer voice on Airbnb using text-mining approaches." Journal of Consumer Marketing 36, no. 5 (August 12, 2019): 655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-02-2018-2581.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate customers’ experiences with Airbnb by text-mining customer reviews posted on the platform and comparing the extracted topics from online reviews between Airbnb and the traditional hotel industry using topic modeling. Design/methodology/approach This research uses text-mining approaches, including content analysis and topic modeling (latent Dirichlet allocation method), to examine 1,026,988 Airbnb guest reviews of 50,933 listings in seven cities in the USA. Findings The content analysis shows that negative reviews are more authentic and credible than positive reviews on Airbnb and that the occurrence of social words is positively related to positive emotion in reviews, but negatively related to negative emotion in reviews. A comparison of reviews on Airbnb and hotel reviews shows unique topics on Airbnb, namely, “late check-in”, “patio and deck view”, “food in kitchen”, “help from host”, “door lock/key”, “sleep/bed condition” and “host response”. Research limitations/implications The topic modeling result suggests that Airbnb guests want to get to know and connect with the local community; thus, help from hosts on ways they can authentically experience the local community would be beneficial. In addition, the results suggest that customers emphasize their interaction with hosts; thus, to improve customer satisfaction, Airbnb hosts should interact with guests and respond to guests’ inquiries quickly. Practical implications Hotel managers should design marketing programs that fulfill customers’ desire for authentic and local experiences. The results also suggest that peer-to-peer accommodation platforms should improve online review systems to facilitate authentic reviews and help guests have a smooth check-in process. Originality/value This study is one of the first to examine consumer reviews in detail in the sharing economy and compare topics from consumer reviews between Airbnb and hotels.

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Luca, Michael, and Dan Svirsky. "Detecting and Mitigating Discrimination in Online Platforms: Lessons from Airbnb, Uber, and Others." NIM Marketing Intelligence Review 12, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nimmir-2020-0014.

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AbstractResearch has documented racial or ethnic discrimination in online marketplaces, from labor markets to credit applications to housing. Platforms should therefore investigate how platform design decisions and algorithms can influence the extent of discrimination in a marketplace. By increasing awareness of this issue, managers can proactively address the problem. In many cases, a simple but effective change a platform can make is to withhold potentially sensitive user information, such as race and gender, until after a transaction has been agreed to. Further, platforms can use principles from choice architecture to reduce discrimination. For example, people have a tendency to use whatever option is set as the default. If Airbnb switched, for instance, ist default to instant book, requiring hosts to actively opt out of it, the company could reduce the scope for discrimination. It is important that discrimination and possible solutions are discussed transparently.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Online hosts'

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