Journal articles: 'Onion model'

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Reichenbach, Michael. "Onion Model." ATZ worldwide 117, no. 11 (October 27, 2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-015-0077-y.

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Victors, Jesse, Ming Li, and Xinwen Fu. "The Onion Name System." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2017-0003.

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Abstract Tor onion services, also known as hidden services, are anonymous servers of unknown location and ownership that can be accessed through any Torenabled client. They have gained popularity over the years, but since their introduction in 2002 still suffer from major usability challenges primarily due to their cryptographically-generated non-memorable addresses. In response to this difficulty, in this work we introduce the Onion Name System (OnioNS), a privacy-enhanced decentralized name resolution service. OnioNS allows Tor users to reference an onion service by a meaningful globally-unique verifiable domain name chosen by the onion service administrator.We construct OnioNS as an optional backwards-compatible plugin for Tor, simplify our design and threat model by embedding OnioNS within the Tor network, and provide mechanisms for authenticated denial-of-existence with minimal networking costs. We introduce a lottery-like system to reduce the threat of land rushes and domain squatting. Finally, we provide a security analysis, integrate our software with the Tor Browser, and conduct performance tests of our prototype.

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Umap, H. P. "Onion Inventory Model." International Journal of Mathematics Trends and Technology 26, no. 1 (October 25, 2015): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315373/ijmtt-v26p509.

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Magfiroh, Illia Seldon, Ahmad Zainuddin, Intan Kartika Setyawati, and Rena Yunita Rahman. "RESPON HARGA PRODUSEN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN HARGA KONSUMEN BAWANG MERAH DI INDONESIA." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 10, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v10i3.6481.

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High price fluctuations in onions can cause prices at the consumer level to change in a relatively quick time. However, the price change is not necessarily enjoyed by most of the onion farmers. This implies a high marketing margin and low farmer prices. This study aims to analyze the integration of onion consumer market with onion producer market in Indonesia by using VECM (Vector Error Correction Model). Monthly onion price data with 48 time series period is used to analyze the onion market integration. The results show that only the consumer market that affects the market of onion producers (one way). There are short-term and long-term market integration between the consumer market and the onion producers. However, changes that occur in the consumer market are not always accepted by the onion producers of the same scale. This shows that the price information of onion in the producer's market is not always transmitted perfectly to the onion producer market.

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Feibert, Erik B. G., Clinton C. Shock, and Lamont D. Saunders. "A Comparison of Onion Production Under Sprinkler, Subsurface Drip, and Furrow Irrigation." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 839A—839. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.839a.

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Onion yield and grade were compared under sprinkler, subsurface drip, and furrow irrigation in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Furrow-irrigated onions were planted on two double rows on 1.12-m-wide beds at 352,000 seeds/ha. Sprinkler- and drip-irrigated onions were planted in nine single rows on a 2.24-m-wide bed at 432,100 seeds/acre. Drip plots had three drip lines buried 0.10 m deep in each 2.24-m bed. Soil water potential at 0.2-m depth was measured by tensiometers and granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 200SS, Irrometer Co., Riverside, Calif.). Furrow irrigations were started when the soil water potential at the 0.2-m depth reached –25 kPa. Drip-irrigated onions had soil water potential at the 0.2-m depth kept wetter than –25 kPa by daily replacement of crop evapotranspiration (Etc). Sprinkler irrigations were started when the accumulated Etc reached 25 mm. Sprinkler irrigation resulted in significantly higher onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1993 and 1994. Sprinkler irrigation resulted in higher marketable onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1993. Drip irrigation resulted in significantly higher onion yield than furrow irrigation every year. Drip irrigation resulted in higher marketable onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1992 and 1994. Marketable onion yield was reduced in 1993 due to rot during storage.

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G, Vonny Faradila, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, and Isti Khomah. "Analysis of Factors Affecting the Supply of Onion in Brebes Regency." Journal of Agribusiness and Community Empowerment (JACE) 5, no. 1 (March 27, 2022): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32530/jace.v5i1.376.

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This analysis of the supply of onion in Brebes Regency is done using the methods of descriptive and analytic, and secondary data time series for 21 years (1998-2018). This study also utilizes the analysis of multiple linear by entering the model analysis of the distributed lag model with adjustment Nerlove (Partial Adjustment Model). The supply function is estimated with the approach of total production. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis obtained the factors that affect positively to the offer of onion in Brebes Regency is a vast harvest of onion in year t, the number of onion production in year t-1, the price of onions in year t-1, the price of garlic in year t-1, the average rainfall in year t, and interest rate in year t. The factor that negatively affects the offer is the price of urea fertilizer in year t. The most influential factor to the offer of onion in Brebes Regency is a vast harvest of onion in year t with the standardized regression coefficient of 0,889. The elasticity of supply for the area variable harvesting onions in year t is positive and is elastic with E>1, namely 1,328 for the short-term and 1,832 for the long term. Elasticity is inelastic with E value<1 is a variable amount of production in the previous year i.e. 0,275 short-term and 0,379 long-term prices of garlic in the previous year with a value of 0,105 short-term and of 0.145 long-term, the price of onions in the previous year with a value of -0,143 short-term and -0,197 the long term, the interest rate in year t, namely 0,136 and 0,188, and the average rainfall in year t with the value of -0,218 short-term and -0,301 the long term.

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Sobowale, Sunday Samuel, Oluwole Benjamin Omotoso, Yusuf Olamide Kewuyemi, and Olawale Paul Olatidoye. "Influence of temperature and thickness on thin layer drying characteristics of onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties and rehydration capacity." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.04.

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Nonlinear regression analysis was conducted for thin layer drying characteristics of two onion varieties (white and red) and some quality characteristics were also examined. The experimental data obtained at drying temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 oC and thicknesses of 2, 4 and 6 mm, was subsequently fitted into four commonly used models (Henderson and Pabis, Lewis, Page, and logarithmic). Moisture diffusivity and activation energy ranged from 8.9 × 10-10 to 8.4 × 10-9 m2/s and 55.98 to 65.68 KJ/mol, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in the colour profile and rehydration ratio. The optimum desirable colour was obtained at 50 oC with 2 mm thick onion slices and the observed higher rehydration ratio indicates good quality of dried onions. Among the four selected drying models, the Page model predicted optimally (R2> 0.9) and was found to be better in describing dried onion varieties, while the Lewis model provided the least fit.

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Sobowale, Sunday Samuel, Oluwole Benjamin Omotoso, Yusuf Olamide Kewuyemi, and Olawale Paul Olatidoye. "Influence of temperature and thickness on thin layer drying characteristics of onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties and rehydration capacity." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.04.

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Nonlinear regression analysis was conducted for thin layer drying characteristics of two onion varieties (white and red) and some quality characteristics were also examined. The experimental data obtained at drying temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 oC and thicknesses of 2, 4 and 6 mm, was subsequently fitted into four commonly used models (Henderson and Pabis, Lewis, Page, and logarithmic). Moisture diffusivity and activation energy ranged from 8.9 × 10-10 to 8.4 × 10-9 m2/s and 55.98 to 65.68 KJ/mol, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in the colour profile and rehydration ratio. The optimum desirable colour was obtained at 50 oC with 2 mm thick onion slices and the observed higher rehydration ratio indicates good quality of dried onions. Among the four selected drying models, the Page model predicted optimally (R2> 0.9) and was found to be better in describing dried onion varieties, while the Lewis model provided the least fit.

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9

Jamieson, L. E., A. Chhagan, and M. Griffin. "Temperature development and damage rates of onion thrips." New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (January 8, 2012): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5381.

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Bulb damage caused by onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Thysanoptera Thripidae) is a serious problem in New Zealand stored export onions Understanding the relationships between insect development rates temperature and damage potential is critical to effective pest management by targeting fewer pesticide applications Thrips development (egg to adult) was monitored daily on leek leaves onion leaves or onion bulb discs at constant and variable temperatures Development rates were not significantly different on different substrates but survival was lower on onion bulbs Total development time (egg to adult) ranged from 511 days at 12C to 103 days at 30C Lower development temperature thresholds ranged from 73C for pupae to 91C for eggs Accumulation of 221 degreedays above 81C was required to complete development The temperature development model accurately predicted development time of onion thrips under variable temperature conditions At 21C adults and larvae caused an average of 201 and 107 mm2 of feeding damage to onion bulbs per day respectively

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Cho, Sumin, Jeong-Eun Oh, Jong-Hyun Baek, and Byung Min Soon. "Modeling the Onion Market Using Sentiment Analysis with Deep Learning." Korean Agricultural Economics Association 63, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2022.63.3.33.

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This study analyzed the effect of the sensitivity of news related to onions on producers' decision-making on cultivation areas and market supply and demand. We collected onion-related article data and derived the sentiment index through sentiment analysis using neural networkbased learning. We estimated the cultivation area function, including the sentiment index we made. We analyzed the impact of news sensitivity on the onion market by constructing an onion market supply and demand model. Then, we gave a sentiment index shock to the cultivation area to examine the impact on the onion market. We also explored the sensitivity analysis to emphasize the news in June, July, and August plays an important role in the supply side. To the best of our knowledge, our approach using sentiment index in the agricultural model is the first trial. Therefore, our study can introduce an approach to improve the accuracy of modeling for agriculture and apply it to the area of agricultural economics.

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Shock, Clinton C., Erik B. G. Feibert, and Lamont D. Saunders. "Onion Response to Water Stress." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 837D—837. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.837d.

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Six soil water potential irrigation criteria (–12.5 to –100 kPa) were examined to determine levels for maximum onion yield and quality. Soil water potential at 0.2-m depth was measured by tensiometers and granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 20055, Irrometer Co., Riverside, Calif.). Onions are highly sensitive to small soil water deficits. The crop needs frequent irrigations to maintain small negative soil water potentials for maximum yields. In each of 3 years, yield and bulb size increased with wetter treatments. In 1994, a relatively warm year, onion yield and bulb size were maximized at –12.5 kPa. In 1993, a relatively cool year, onion marketable yield peaked at –37.5 kPa due to a significant increase in rot during storage following the wetter treatments.

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Ostrowska, Ewa, Nicholas K. Gabler, Sam J. Sterling, Brendan G. Tatham, Rodney B. Jones, David R. Eagling, Mark Jois, and Frank R. Dunshea. "Consumption of brown onions (Alliumcepavar.cavalierand var.destiny) moderately modulates blood lipids, haematological and haemostatic variables in healthy pigs." British Journal of Nutrition 91, no. 2 (February 2004): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20031036.

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Although garlic and onions have long been associated with putative cardiovascular health benefits, the effects of different commercially available onions and level of intake have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential health benefits of raw onions using the pig as a biomedical model. Twenty-five female (Large White×Landrace) pigs were used in a (2×2)+1 factorial experiment. Pigs were fed a standard grower diet supplemented with 100 g tallow/kg with the addition ofAllium cepavar.cavalieror var.destinyat 0, 10 or 25 g/MJ digestible energy for 6 weeks. Overall, the consumption of onions resulted in significant reductions in plasma triacylglycerol; however, the reductions were most pronounced in pigs feddestinyonions (−26 %,P=0·042). Total plasma cholesterol and LDL:HDL ratios were not significantly different. Onion supplementation, regardless of the variety, resulted in dose-dependent reductions in erythrocyte counts and Hb levels, while the white blood cell concentrations, particularly lymphocytes, were increased in pigs that consumed onions. Furthermore, indices of blood clotting were largely unaffected by onion consumption. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with raw brown onions has moderate lipid-modulating and immunostimulatory properties. However, daily onion intake >25 g/MJ digestible energy could be detrimental to erythrocyte numbers.

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13

Randle, William M. "ONPLANT: A PRECISION PLANTING MODEL FOR ONIONS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1065e—1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1065e.

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An interactive computer-based model has been developed to simulate the effects of precision planting onion on quality and yield. Variables used by the model are seed germination, plant survival, planter efficiency, onion growth potential, maximum onion size, sizing potential and inside-outside bed effects. Data bases obtained from 3 onion cultivars were used in the development of the model. The model shows when germination and plant survival are high, single seed drops by the planter results in high yield and large bulbs. At lower germination and survival values, however, a compromise is needed between maximizing yield and obtaining large bulbs.

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Jafarpour-Sadegh, Farnaz, Vahid Montazeri, Ali Adili, Ali Esfehani, Mohammad-Reza Rashidi, and Saeed Pirouzpanah. "Consumption of Fresh Yellow Onion Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance in Breast Cancer Patients During Doxorubicin-Based Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial." Integrative Cancer Therapies 16, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735416656915.

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Purpose. Doxorubicin has been found to be associated with insulin resistance in animal models. Onion, a so-called functional food, is noted to affect the insulin signaling pathway of diabetes in vitro. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effects of consuming fresh yellow onions on insulin-related indices compared with a low–onion-containing diet among breast cancer (BC) patients treated with doxorubicin. Methods. This parallel-design, randomized, triple-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 56 eligible BC patients (aged 30-63 years), diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma. Following their second cycle of chemotherapy, subjects were assigned in a stratified-random allocation to receive body mass index–dependent 100 to 160 g/d of onion as high onion group (HO; n = 28) or 30 to 40 g/d small onions in low onion group (LO; n = 28) for 8 weeks intervention. Participants, care givers, and those who assessed laboratory analyses were blinded to the assignments (IRCT Registry No.: IRCT2012103111335N1). Results. The compliance level of participants in the analysis was as high as 87.85%. A total of 23 available cases was analyzed in each group. The daily use of HO resulted in a significant decrease in serum fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in comparison with LO, over the period of study ( P < .001). Posttreatment with HO showed a significant decrease in homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance relative to changes in the LO group ( P < .05). A comparison of the changes that occurred throughout pre- and postdose treatments indicated improved quantitative insulin sensitivity check index ( P < .05) and controls on C-peptide in the HO group ( P < .05). Conclusions. The present study demonstrated the effectiveness of onion to ameliorate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in BC during doxorubicin-based chemotherapy.

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Feibert, Erik B. G., Clint C. Shock, and Monty Saunders. "689 PB 239 SOIL WATER POTENTIAL IRRIGATION CRITERIA FOR ONION PRODUCTION." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 531e—531. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.531e.

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Onions were grown with different soil water potentials as irrigation criteria to determine the soil water potential at which optimum onion yield and quality occurs. Furrow irrigation treatments in 1992 and 1993 consisted of six soil water potential thresholds (-12.5 to -100 kPa). Soil water potential in the first foot of soil was measured by granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 200SS, Irrometer Co., Riverside, CA) that had been previously calibrated to tensiometers on the same silt loam series. Both years, yield and market grade based on bulb size (more jumbo and colossal onions) increased with wetter treatments. In 1993, a relatively cool year, onion grade peaked at -37.5 kPa due to a significant increase in rot during storage following the wetter treatments. These results suggest the importance of using moisture criteria to schedule irrigations for onions.

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Koye, Tigabu Dagnew, Abebe Dagnew Koye, and Zework Aklilu Amsalu. "Analysis of technical efficiency of irrigated onion (Allium cepa L.) production in North Gondar Zone of amhara regional state, Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): e0275177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275177.

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Onions are a significant source of revenue and food security for households. Despite their importance in human nutrition, economic benefit, and area coverage, in Ethiopia, onion productivity is significantly lower than it should be. The purpose of this study is to address this gap by examining efficiency variations and determining the variables that affect onion farmers’ levels of efficiency in the North Gondar Zone of Ethiopia. The sources of data were both primary and secondary. 205 onion farmers from the Gondar Zuria, Takusa, and Dembia districts were chosen using simple random sampling proportional to sample size. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather primary data from these participants. A Cobb-Douglass production function, a single-stage stochastic frontier model, and descriptive statistics were used to investigate the technical efficiency of onion production at the farm level. The mean technical efficiency of an irrigated onion was 53%, according to the maximum likelihood estimates of the stochastic frontier analysis. By enhancing agricultural methods using current technology, it is possible to raise the average production efficiency of irrigated onions. The stochastic frontier model’s maximum likelihood estimates revealed that plot size, Di Ammonium Phosphate, and oxen have a significant effect on onion output; education, livestock holding, experience, and frequency of watering have a positive and significant effect on technical efficiency, whereas family size and marketing training have a negative and significant effect on technical efficiency. Therefore, the government or any relevant bodies should deliver continual scheduled training and an integrated adult education at the existing farmers’ training center; modern livestock production techniques; further groundwater resources and proper watering technologies should be used since currently farmers use an inefficient irrigation system, specifically furrow irrigation.

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Fuller, Stephen, Melanie Gillis, and Houshmand A. Ziari. "Effect of Liberalized U.S.-Mexico Dry Onion Trade: A Spatial and Intertemporal Equilibrium Analysis." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 28, no. 1 (July 1996): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800009561.

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AbstractA spatial, intertemporal equilibrium model of the North American dry onion economy is constructed to analyze the impact of liberalized U.S.-Mexico trade. In a free-trade environment, exports of Mexican onions to the U.S. are projected to increase about 50%, while Mexico's share of the U.S. market increases from 8.7 to 12.8%. Farm-level prices in the U.S. are projected to decline 8.9%, while production declines 2.4%. The effect of free trade on U.S. producers is disproportional across regions. Northwest storage onion producers experience the greatest decline in production; however, analysis suggests that improved storage methods may offset a portion of the unfavorable impacts of liberalized trade on these producers. In spite of the unfavorable impact of free trade on U.S. dry onion producers, the industry would not be economically devastated.

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Islam, Md Nahidul, Glenn Nielsen, Søren Stærke, Anders Kjær, Bjarke Jørgensen, and Merete Edelenbos. "Noninvasive Determination of Firmness and Dry Matter Content of Stored Onion Bulbs Using Shortwave Infrared Imaging with Whole Spectra and Selected Wavelengths." Applied Spectroscopy 72, no. 10 (August 21, 2018): 1467–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702818792282.

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A firm texture of dry onions is important for consumer acceptance. Both the texture and dry matter content decline during storage, influencing the market value of onions. The main goal of this study was to develop predictive models that in future might form the basis for automated sorting of onions for firmness and dry matter content in the industry. Hyperspectral scanning was conducted in reflectance mode for six commercial batches of onions that were monitored three times during storage. Mean spectra from the region of interest were extracted and partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were constructed. Feature wavelengths were identified using variable selection techniques resulting from interval partial least squares and recursive partial least squares analyses. The PLSR model for firmness gave a root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of 0.84 N, and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.73 N, with coefficients of determination ( R2) of 0.72 and 0.83, respectively. The RMSECV and RMSEP of the PLSR model for dry matter content were 0.10% and 0.08%, respectively, with a R2 of 0.58 and 0.79, respectively. The whole wavelength range and selected wavelengths showed nearly similar results for both dry matter content and firmness. The results obtained from this study clearly reveal that hyperspectral imaging of onion bulbs with selected wavelengths, coupled with chemometric modeling, can be used for the noninvasive determination of the firmness and dry matter content of stored onion bulbs.

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Du, Pingwu, Qiang Huang, Yayu Wu, Yu Zhou, Huiqing Liu, Jinyi Wang, and Shengda Wang. "Synthesis, Photophysical and Supramolecular Properties of a π-Conjugated Molecular Crown Containing a Pentagonal Unit: A Model Compound for Fullerene C240." Synthesis 52, no. 17 (May 20, 2020): 2535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707963.

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The total synthesis of carbon onions is a significant challenge in the fields of materials science and organic chemistry. To date, the synthesis of even a fragment of fullerene C240 and its smallest carbon onion C60@C240 remains poorly explored. Herein, we demonstrate a bottom-up strategy to produce a novel π-extended molecular crown-shaped molecule (MC3) containing curved pentagonal and hexagonal units. This molecular crown represents a curved model compound for fullerene C240 and is fully characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, UV-vis absorption, and from its emission spectra. Its supramolecular host–guest interaction with fullerene C60 is also investigated. MC3 and C60@MC3 can potentially be employed as seeds or templates for the bottom-up synthesis of fullerene C240 and the carbon onion C60@C240, respectively.

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Schwartz, Howard F., Diane Alston, Jeff Alwang, Michael Bartolo, Tamla Blunt, Charles O. Boateng, Bonnie Bunn, et al. "Onion ipmPIPE: A Coordinated Effort to Improve the Management of Onion Thrips and Iris yellow spot virus for the U.S. Onion Industry." Plant Health Progress 15, no. 4 (January 2014): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-fe-14-0026.

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Onion (Allium cepa) is an economically important vegetable crop in the United States, generating nearly $900 million annually in farm receipts. Pests such as onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) and a thrips-transmitted virus disease, Iris yellow spot (IYS), caused by Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV), have emerged in recent years as high priority, invasive, or potential threats to sustainable onion production throughout the United States and the world. The long-term goal of a recent United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) funded project was to optimize sound pest management decision making in onion through the development and deployment of a sustainable online information management platform called the Onion ipmPIPE (Onion integrated pest management Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education). Project participants in seven states generated an average of 500 reports annually on the occurrence of 20 priority insect pests and plant diseases, and enhanced the timeliness and effectiveness of IPM strategies implemented by the growers and industry locally and regionally in response to these reports. Thrips populations are generally greatest at all locations during July and August of each year, which compounds plant responses to environmental stresses such as temperature and limited or lower quality (e.g., saline) irrigation water. The increase in numbers of thrips (majority being T. tabaci) also aggravates problems with the onion thrips-transmitted virus IYSV (mentioned above) and IYS, which generally increases in incidence and severity during this same period. A comprehensive website (http//:www.alliumnet.com/IPMPipe.html) and educational materials (bulletin, diagnostic cards, videos) were developed in response to the insect and disease threats, and have been shared with onion stakeholders throughout the United States and elsewhere. The project is also developing risk assessment models, a smartphone app, onion growing-degree-day review for efficacy of the current model based on 5.5°C from planting, and enhanced pathogen diagnostic tools for future testing and validation by onion stakeholders. Visiting the Onion ipmPIPE website was estimated by respondents to increase onion yields by 280 kg/hectare and reduce pesticide costs by $910/hectare on average. The Onion ipmPIPE platform is scale neutral, and supports a range of organic and conventional growers producing onions on small plots to large-scale commercial fields. Increased participation of stakeholders, including consumers, in a national educational project such as Onion ipmPIPE will better serve current and future interests in sustainability and profitability of critical food crops for the U.S. marketplace. Accepted 25 September 2014. Published 12 November 2014.

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REVASKAR, V. A., P. S. PISALKAR, P. B. PATHARE, and G. P. SHARMA. "Dehydration kinetics of onion slices in osmotic and air convective drying process." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 3 (September 12, 2014): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/22/2012-rae.

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The effect of different pre-treatments (i.e. osmotic dehydration in 10, 15 and 20°Brix NaCl solution and drying air temperature of 50, 60 and 70°C) on drying behaviour of onion slices were investigated. The onion slices were dried in a laboratory model tray dryer. Drying of onion slices occurred in falling rate period. Five thin-layer drying models (Exponential, Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic and Power law) were fitted to the moisture ratio data. Among the drying models investigated, the Page model satisfactorily described the drying behaviour of onion slices. The effective moisture diffusivity of pre-treated samples was higher than that of non-treated samples

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Li, Wenfeng, Moyi Wang, Xulin Xiao, Baoshan Zhang, and Xingbin Yang. "Effects of Air-Impingement Jet Drying on Drying Kinetics, Nutrient Retention and Rehydration Characteristics of Onion (Allium cepa) Slices." International Journal of Food Engineering 11, no. 3 (April 14, 2015): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2014-0269.

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Abstract This study is designed to investigate drying kinetics, nutrient retention and rehydration ratio of onion slices under air-impingement jet drying (AIJD) with different drying temperatures (40, 50 and 60°C), air velocities (11, 12 and 13 m/s), and the distance between jet nozzles and material box (0, 40 and 80 mm). Additionally, the influence of AIJD and hot air drying (HAD) on drying efficiency and product quality of onion slices was comparatively investigated. It was found that the moisture effective diffusivity of onion slices under AIJD ranged from 3.51 × 10−10 to 5.51 × 10−10 m2/s, and the activation energy (E a) of onion determined from Arrhenius equation was 14.73 kJ/mol, and ascorbic acid content (AAC), total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (DSA) significantly decreased in the dried onions compared to that in fresh onion. In addition, the results suggest that the Modified Page model provides the best fit for AIJD curves. Furthermore, AIJD product is better than HAD both in decreasing drying time and enhancing drying rate, AAC, TPC, DSA and rehydration ratio. Accordingly, the AIJD method has advantages in drying time and quality of products, indicating that this technology can be widely applied to food drying process.

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Babasaleh, Baba Abba Saleh, and B. S. Abba. "MODELING THE ONION YIELD RESPONSE TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND MULCH USING MULTIPLE REGRESSION MODEL IN SEMI-ARID NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0603-977.

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Effect of deficit irrigation, mulch practices, crop growth and water use parameters on the yield of Onion was modeled using a multiple linear regression model. The crop evapotranspiration, number of leaves, leaf height and canopy cover of the Onion were used as the independent variables. Onion bulb yield was the dependent variable under four mulching materials (rice straw, RM; wood shaving, WM; white synthetic plastic, SM and no mulch, NM) in the semi-arid region, of Nigeria. The regression analysis revealed that the independent variables in the model predicted the Onion bulb yield significantly (p < 0.05) under mulching conditions, while no mulch plots yielded no significance as indicated by the ANOVA statistic. The overall model degree of determination (r2) of the dependent variable of 0.97, 0.97, 0.98, and 0.81 were obtained under SM, WM, RM, and NM respectively indicating that the multiple regression model predicted the dependent variable satisfactorily. The co-efficient values show that the highest coefficient was obtained at the number of leaves (0.56) followed by crop evapotranspiration (0.33). It was observed that among the four multiple regression models developed, the model obtained with white synthetic plastic mulch produce a better yield. Thus, white synthetic plastic mulch conserved soil moisture thereby improving Onion bulb yield. When the models were tested, a slight overestimation of the Onion bulb yield at both mulched and no mulched regression models was observed as compared with the yield from the field. Therefore, the model obtained with white synthetic plastic mulch produces a better yield.

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Wei, Jianlin, Shutian Li, Ping He, Xinpeng Xu, Deshui Tan, Yan Li, Guosheng Li, Yuesheng Guo, and Rongzong Cui. "QUEFTS Model-based Estimation of the Nutrient Requirements and Fertilizer Recommendation for Chinese Onion." HortScience 57, no. 2 (February 2022): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16225-21.

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Accurate estimation of the nutrient requirements of Chinese onion is essential to increase its nutrient utilization efficiency and yield. In this study, the yield and nutrient uptake data were collected from major Chinese onion growing regions during 2001 to 2018, and the relationship between Chinese onion yield and nutrient uptake was evaluated using the Quantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of Tropical Soils (QUEFTS) model. The QUEFTS model predicted the linear-parabolic platform curve of the balanced nutrient uptake of Chinese onion and estimated the demand of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) for the potential target yields ranging from 40 t/ha to 120 t/ha. The nutrients required for the target yield increased linearly before reaching 60% to 70% of the potential yield. Nutrient requirements for producing 1 t of Chinese onion were 1.91 kg N–0.28 kg P–1.71 kg K. The corresponding nutrient internal efficiency (IE, yield per unit nutrient uptake) was 524.6 kg/kg, 3585.7 kg/kg, and 584.3 kg/kg for N, P and K, respectively. Subsequently, a nutrition decision-making software, Nutrient Expert (NE), for the Chinese onion was developed based on the improved QUEFTS model. Field verification studies for NE fertilizer recommendation were conducted in multiple Chinese onion growing plots for 2 consecutive years. Results showed that the QUEFTS model can be used to accurately estimate the nutrient requirements for Chinese onion within a defined range of target yield.

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Tiwari, Shamik. "An Ensemble Deep Neural Network Model for Onion-Routed Traffic Detection to Boost Cloud Security." International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2021010101.

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Anonymous network communication using onion routing networks such as Tor are used to guard the privacy of sender by encrypting all messages in the overlapped network. These days most of the onion routed communications are not only used for decent cause but also cyber offenders are ill-using onion routings for scanning the ports, hacking, exfiltration of theft data, and other types of online frauds. These cyber-crime attempts are very vulnerable for cloud security. Deep learning is highly effective machine learning method for prediction and classification. Ensembling multiple models is an influential approach to increase the efficiency of learning models. In this work, an ensemble deep learning-based classification model is proposed to detect communication through Tor and non-Tor network. Three different deep learning models are combined to achieve the ensemble model. The proposed model is also compared with other machine learning models. Classification results shows the superiority of the proposed model than other models.

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Agbemabiese, Y. K., A.-G. Shaibu, and V. D. Gbedzi. "Validation of Aquacrop for Different Irrigation Regimes of Onion (Allium Cepa) in Bontanga Irrigation Scheme." International Journal of Irrigation and Agricultural Development (IJIRAD) 1, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47762/2017.964x.19.

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Crop water productivity models are important tools in evaluating the effect of different irrigation regime on crop yield. AquaCrop model is a crop water productivity model adopted by the Land and Water Division of FAO in the year 2009. It simulates yield response to water for herbaceous crops, and it is particularly suitable in addressing conditions where water is a key limiting factor in crop production such as in northern Ghana. The objective of this study was to calibrate the AquaCrop model for different irrigation regimes for onion (Allium cepa), to determine its effect on crop growth and yield parameters of the crop at the Bontanga irrigation scheme. To achieve these, the Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used on Red Creole onion variety. RCBD was made up of four irrigation treatment regimes, 117%, 100%, 80% and 60% crop water requirements (CWR) of onion, with five replicates. Results indicated that there was no significant variation in yield, dry bulb biomass and total biomass, but there was difference for dry leaf biomass of onion at 0.05 significance level. The AquaCrop model simulated satisfactorily the crop yield, biomass and evapotranspiration water productivity of onion. There was a strong correlation and a significant linear relation between the simulated and measured crop yield, biomass and evapotranspiration water productivity. Validation of AquaCrop model using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (E), Root mean square errors (RMSE) and index of agreement (d) showed that, AquaCrop model can be used to simulate CWR of bulb crops, such as onion.

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Putra, Aditya Maulana Perdana, and Ratih Sari Pratiwi. "AKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK BAWANG DAYAK-METFORMIN TERHADAP GULA DARAH MENCIT." Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.51352/jim.v4i2.190.

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires good medical treatment to prevent long-term complications. The proportion of DM patients in Indonesia in 2013 was 3,7 million. Indonesia as one of the countries with the highest diversity has natural resources that can be used as an alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus, one of them is dayak onion. Dayak onions themselves contain compounds that can reduce blood glucose levels. The use of traditional medicine in the community is sometimes combined with chemical drugs. So the purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of the combination activity of dayak onion extract – metformin with single metformin to reduce mice blood sugar induced by alloxan. This research includes experimental research. The test animals used were male white mice which were divided into 2 groups, namely the combination of dayak onion and metformin and the single metformin group. The dose of dayak onion extract used in this study was 100 mg / KgBB and the dose of Metformin used was 45 mg / KgBB. Measurement of glucose levels is carried out every 3 days for 15 days. The decrease in fasting blood glucose from the control group and the test group was analyzed by the General Linear Model test at a 95% confidence level. The results of this study indicate that the combination of dayak onion tuber extract and metformin has better hypoglycemic activity than single metformin. This result can be seen from the average glucose level from day 3 to 15 the combination of dayak onion tuber and metformin is lower than the average glucose level of single metformin. The results of GLM analysis showed the sigvalue <0,05 so it can be concluded that there is a difference in glucose levels between the combination of dayak onion tuber and metformin with a single metformin.

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SHANONO, Nura Jafar, Baba Saleh ABBA, and Nuraddeen Mukhtar NASİDİ. "Evaluation of Aqua-Crop Model using Onion Crop under Deficit Irrigation and Mulch in Semi-arid Nigeria." Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1078082.

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The Aqua-Crop simulation model has been playing a crucial role in assessing the performance of the existing strategies for the management of irrigation schemes for improving agricultural water use efficiency. This study evaluated the Aqua-Crop model using Onion crops under deficit irrigation and mulch practices in semi-arid Nigeria. Measurements were taken from the experimental plots which consisted of irrigation and mulch each at 4 levels were used to evaluate the Aqua-Crop model using canopy cover, biomass, yield, actual crop ET, and water productivity of Onion during the 2021 irrigation season. The simulated results from the Aqua-Crop model were evaluated and statistically compared with the experimental results. The model simulated canopy cover with the highest degree of correlation coefficient (0.74 ≤ r ≤ 0.94). The model perfectly predicted Onion yield and biomass under full irrigation irrespective of the mulching. However, the model underestimated Onion yield and biomass at deficit irrigation. The model has perfectly estimated the seasonal actual crop evapotranspiration at different irrigation levels and mulch materials while underestimating water productivity in most of the treatments except at 100% irrigation under white synthetic mulch. However, both model and experimental water productivity were better at white synthetic mulch plots. Therefore, the Aqua-Crop model has proven to be a good Onion crop growth and yield predictor under different irrigation levels and mulch materials which can help improve Onion productivity in water-stressed areas like semi-arid Nigeria.

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Sri Hardianti Rosadi and Fitry Purnamasari. "Transmisi Harga Bawang Merah Ditingkat Produsen dan Konsumen di Sulawesi Selatan." Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan 10, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v10i2.1870.

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Bawang merah merupakan sub sektor pertanian yang memegang peranan penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Harga bawang merah menunjukkan tren perkembangan harga yang berfluktuatif setiap bulannya. Harga rata-rata ditingkat produsen cenderung stabil jika dibandingkan dengan harga rata-rata ditingkat konsumen. Transmisi harga ditingkat konsumen perlu ditransmisikan langsung ke tingkat produsen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui transmisi harga bawang merah ditingkat produsen dan kosumen di Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan data time series bulanan harga bawang merah dari Januari 2018 sampai Desember 2020, yang meliputi data harga ditingkat petani (produsen) dan harga ditingkat konsumen (pedesaan) dan data harga konsumen (Kota Makassar). Model yang digunakan untuk menganalisis transmisi harga bawang merah yaitu Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), Uji Stationeritas, Uji Penentuan Lag Optimum, Uji Kestabilan Estimasi VAR, Uji Kausalitas Granger dan Uji Kointegrasi. Hasil penelitian transmisi harga bawang merah ditingkat produsen dan tingkat konsumen (Kota Makassar) dan konsumen (pedesaan) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan simetri dalam jangka pendek yang ditunjukkan oleh respon perubahan harga yang langsung ditransmisikan ke tingkat produsen dan terdapat hubungan jangka panjang antara produsen dan konsumen bawang merah di Sulawesi Selatan. Onion are a sub-sector of agriculture that plays an important role in economic growth. The price of onions shows a trend of price development that fluctuates every month. The average price at the producer level tends to be stable when compared to the average price at the consumer level. So the transmission of prices at the consumer level needs to be transmitted directly to the producer level. The purpose of this study was to determine the transmission of onion prices at the producer and consumer levels in South Sulawesi using Monthly Time Series data on Shallot Prices from January 2018 to December 2020, which included Price data at the Farmer (Producer) level and Prices at the Consumer (Rural) level and Consumer Price Data (Makassar City). The models used to analyze onion price transmission are the Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), Stationerity Test, Optimum Lag Determination Test, VAR Estimation Stability Test, Granger Causality Test and Cointegration Test. The results of the study on onion price transmission at the producer level and the consumer level (Makassar City) and Consumer (Rural) showed that there is a short-term symmetry relationship indicated by the response to price changes that are directly transmitted to the producer level and there is long-term relationship between onion producers and consumers in South Sulawesi.

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Diarsih, Inas Husna, Tarno Tarno, and Agus Rusgiyono. "PEMODELAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH DI JAWA TENGAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN HYBRID AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE – ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM." Jurnal Gaussian 7, no. 3 (August 29, 2018): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/j.gauss.v7i3.26661.

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Red onion is one of the strategic horticulture commodities in Indonesia considering its function as the main ingredients of the basic ingredients of Indonesian cuisine. In an effort to increase production to supply national necessary, Central Java as the main center of red onion production should be able to predict the production of several periods ahead to maintain the balance of national production. The purpose of this research is to get the best model to forecast the production of red onion in Central Java by ARIMA, ANFIS, and hybrid ARIMA-ANFIS method. Model accuracy is measured by the smallest RMSE and AIC values. The results show that the best model to modeling red onion production in Central Java is obtained by hybrid ARIMA-ANFIS model which is a combination between SARIMA ([2], 1, [12]) and residual ARIMA using ANFIS model with input et,1, et,2 on the grid partition technique, gbell membership function, and membership number of 2 that produce RMSE 12033 and AIC 21.6634. While ARIMA model yield RMSE 13301,24 and AIC 21,89807 with violation of assumption. And the ANFIS model produces RMSE 14832 and AIC 22,0777. This shows that ARIMA-ANFIS hybrid method is better than ARIMA and ANFIS.Keywords: production of red onion, ARIMA, ANFIS, hybrid ARIMA-ANFIS

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Asher, Dan, and Micha Popper. "Tacit knowledge as a multilayer phenomenon: the “onion” model." Learning Organization 26, no. 3 (April 8, 2019): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tlo-06-2018-0105.

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Purpose This paper aims to clarify the term “tacit knowledge” and suggests the “onion model” as a way to explore conceptually linked layers of tacit knowledge. The model allows the application of different methodologies to elicit tacit knowledge in each layer, the ability to infer tacit knowledge in other layers from tacit knowledge gained in another layer and the exploration of the dynamics of tacit knowledge among the various layers presented in the model. Conceptual and practical advantages compared to prior works on tacit knowledge are discussed. Design/methodology/approach The main theoretical and methodological dilemmas discussed in the literature regarding tacit knowledge are reviewed. The “onion model” presented in this paper suggests an approach and methodologies that address the issues raised in the literature. The different layers of the model are demonstrated by prior research studies. Findings The “onion model” discussed in this study points to various layers of tacit knowledge and the links among them, allowing a research-based approach, as well as various practices. Research limitations/implications This paper discusses different layers of tacit knowledge relying on previous works that have dealt with these layers independently. The model as a whole and the dynamics among the layers are yet to be empirically investigated. Practical implications The “onion model” provides a conceptual framework that can be used for research and diagnosis aimed at exploring tacit knowledge that can serve individual and organizational development. Originality/value The approach discussed in this paper addresses some major problems discussed in the literature on tacit knowledge.

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Dr. Vrushali Y. Kulkarni, Pranali K. Kosamkar ,. "ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION USING FEEDFORWARD NEURAL NETWORK." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i1.133.

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Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission is caused by decomposition of biomass and dead plant residues, livestock enteric fermentation in ruminants, and burning of crop residues. As the concentration of GHG rises it raises the temperature on the globe causing the Global Warming. Alterations in agriculture management practices may reduce the GHG emission. Therefore, there is a need to analyze and forecast the GHG emission from Agriculture. We have built the Feedforward Neural Network using sequential neural network in keras for predicting CO2 and CH4 emission for Onion crop from open farm and poly house. We selected Onion for our study because Onion is one of the second most important commercial crops of the India. The GHG emission may vary in open farm and poly house for onion crop because the environment is controlled in poly house as compared to open farm. For this study we collected the field data of soil attributes, climatic attributes and CO2, CH4 greenhouse gases from the experiment field. We hyper tune the model with 3, 4 and 5 layers with different epoch. We have used Root mean squared error (RMSE), Mean squared error (MSE) and R-square as a coefficient of correlation for model prediction accuracy. Model predicted that Nitrogen, Moisture, Pressure, Humidity and Temperature are major affecting factors for emission of GHG for onion crop from open farm and poly house. The model indicates good prediction response for GHG emission with major influencing attribute for onion crop.

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Choi, Sungchun, and Jangsun Baek. "Onion yield estimation using spatial panel regression model." Korean Journal of Applied Statistics 29, no. 5 (August 31, 2016): 873–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2016.29.5.873.

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Elustondo, M. P., J. J. Urbicain, and A. H. Pelegrina. "ONION DEHYDRATION: A MODEL TO CALCULATE DRYING RATE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 433 (May 1997): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1997.433.63.

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Nam, Kuk-Hyun, and Young-Chan Choe. "A Study on Onion Wholesale Price Forecasting Model." Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development 22, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12653/jecd.2015.22.4.0423.

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Kalbasi, M. "Heat and Moisture Transfer Model for Onion Drying." Drying Technology 21, no. 8 (January 10, 2003): 1575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-120024492.

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Sembiring, Iskandar Markus, and Novidawati Boru Situmorang. "Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Batak terhadap Keputihan yang Berlebihan pada Wanita Usia Subur." Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v5i2.196.

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Batak onion plants contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and saponins. Compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth are flavonoids. This type of research is a quantitative study using a true experimental research design (pure experiment) with a rancangan “pretest-posttes“ model. Namely, before the treatment was carried out, observations were made on the sample and after the treatment was also carried out several observations. Collecting samples, making simplicia, making extraction by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent, making thick extracts with concentrations of 15%, 20% and 25%. The effectiveness test was carried out in reducing excessive vaginal discharge by taking the vaginal discharge for women of childbearing age, then doing a pH test on the vaginal discharge and adding the ethanol extract of batak onions after that the pH test was again carried out. The results showed that the onion extract (Allium schoenoprasum L) concentrations of 15%, 20% and 25% were able to reduce excessive vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age and the results of vaginal pH examinations showed that the concentration of 25% was faster to stabilize vaginal pH which was too alkaline. For further researchers, it is recommended to formulate the ethanol extract of the onion hobo (Allium schoenoprasum L) into a solid soap or ovule preparation.

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Zhao, Jinghua, Ming Zhang, Yue Li, Zhiheng Zhang, Mingzi Chen, Tao Liu, Jiantao Zhang, and Anshan Shan. "Therapeutic effect of hydrogen injected subcutaneously on onion poisoned dogs." Journal of Veterinary Research 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0068.

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AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of hydrogen on the therapy of onion poisoned dogs.Material and Methods: A total of 16 adult beagle dogs were divided into two groups (control and hydrogen) and all were fed dehydrated onion powder at the dose of 10 g/kg for three days. The dogs of the experimental group were given subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mL/kg of hydrogen for 12 days after making the poisoned model successful. Blood samples were collected before feeding onions, one day before injecting hydrogen, and 2 h after the injection of hydrogen on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12. Control dogs were not treated with hydrogen.Results: The levels of leukocyte production, anaemia, red blood cell degeneration which was reflected by the values of Heinz body count, haemolytic ratio, and oxidative products in hydrogen treated group were lower than in control dogs on some days. The capacity of medullary haematopoiesis that was based on reticulocyte counts, and the antioxidation in hydrogen group were higher compared with control group. However, the differences in renal function were not obvious in both groups.Conclusion: Accordingly, it was concluded that subcutaneous injection of hydrogen could alleviate the symptoms in onion poisoned dogs.

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Cho, Wanhyun, Myung Hwan Na, Yuha Park, Deok Hyeon Kim, and Yongbeen Cho. "Prediction of Weights during Growth Stages of Onion Using Agricultural Data Analysis Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 2094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062094.

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In this study, we propose a new agricultural data analysis method that can predict the weight during the growth stages of the field onion using a functional regression model. We have used onion weight on growth stages as the response variable and six environmental factors such as average temperature, average ground temperature, rainfall, wind speed, sunshine, and humidity as the explanatory variables in the functional regression model. We then define a least minimum integral squared residual (LMISE) measure to obtain an estimate of the function regression coefficient. In addition, a principal component regression analysis was applied to derive the estimates that minimize the defined measures. Next, to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, data were collected, and the following results were identified through analyses of the collected data. First, through graphical and correlation analysis, the ground temperature, mean temperature, and humidity have a very significant effect on the onion weights, but environmental factors such as wind speed, sunshine, and rainfall have a small negative effect on onion weights. Second, through functional regression analysis, we can determine that the ground temperature, sunshine, and precipitation have a significant effect on onion growth and are essential in the goodness-of-fit test. On the other hand, wind speed, mean temperature, and humidity did not significantly affect onion growth. In conclusion, to promote onion growth, the appropriate ground temperature and amount of sunshine are essential, the rainfall and the humidity must be low, and the appropriate wind or mean temperature must be maintained.

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DULLIN, H. R., S. SCHMIDT, P. H. RICHTER, and S. K. GROSSMANN. "EXTENDED PHASE DIAGRAM OF THE LORENZ MODEL." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17, no. 09 (September 2007): 3013–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812740701883x.

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The parameter dependence of the various attractive solutions of the three variable nonlinear Lorenz equations is studied as a function of r, the normalized Rayleigh number, and of σ, the Prandtl number. Previous work, either for fixed σ and all r or along σ ∝ r and [Formula: see text], is extended to the entire (r, σ) parameter plane. An onion-like periodic pattern is found which is due to the alternating stability of symmetric and nonsymmetric periodic orbits. This periodic pattern is explained by considering non-trivial limits of large r and σ and thus interpolating between the above mentioned cases. The mathematical analysis uses Airy functions as introduced in previous work, but instead of concentrating on the Lorenz map we analyze the trajectories in full phase space. The periodicity of the Airy function allows to calculate analytically the periodic onion structure in the (r, σ)-plane. Previous observations about sequences of bifurcations are confirmed, and more details regarding their symmetry are reported.

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Marcuzzo, Leandro Luiz, and Roberto Haveroth. "Development of a weather-based model for Botrytis leaf blight of onion." Summa Phytopathologica 42, no. 1 (March 2016): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/2034.

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ABSTRACT In the present study, onion plants were tested under controlled conditions for the development of a climate model based on the influence of temperature (10, 15, 20 and 25°C) and leaf wetness duration (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) on the severity of Botrytis leaf blight of onion caused by Botrytis squamosa. The relative lesion density was influenced by temperature and leaf wetness duration (P <0.05). The disease was most severe at 20°C. Data were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis. Beta generalized function was used to adjust severity and temperature data, while a logistic function was chosen to represent the effect of leaf wetness on the severity of Botrytis leaf blight. The response surface obtained by the product of two functions was expressed as ES = 0.008192 * (((x-5)1.01089) * ((30-x)1.19052)) * (0.33859/(1+3.77989 * exp (-0.10923*y))), where ES represents the estimated severity value (0.1); x, the temperature (°C); and y, the leaf wetness (in hours). This climate model should be validated under field conditions to verify its use as a computational system for the forecasting of Botrytis leaf blight in onion.

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Kruse, E. Gordon, James E. Ells, and Ann E. McSay. "Comparison of Two Onion Irrigation Scheduling Programs." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 5 (September 1987): 738–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.5.738.

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Abstract Two onion (Allium cepa L.) irrigation scheduling procedures were compared in field studies over a 3-year period. The McSay–Moore model uses volume of distilled water evaporated from calibrated Bellani atmometers as a basis for predicting irrigation. This model tells when to irrigate, but not how much to apply. The ARS/USDA model uses energy and aerodynamic equations to make estimates of evaporation rates from meteorological data. This model not only predicts when to irrigate, but also the amount to apply. Given the conditions for these experiments, onion yields and water use efficiencies were greater with the ARS/USDA than with the McSay–Moore model.

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Ribeiro Jr, Paulo Justiniano, Denise Nunes Viola, Clarice Garcia Borges Demétrio, Bryan F. Manly, and Odair Aparecido Fernandes. "Spatial pattern detection modeling of thrips (Thrips tabaci) on onion fields." Scientia Agricola 66, no. 1 (February 2009): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162009000100013.

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Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most cultivated and consumed vegetables in Brazil and its importance is due to the large laborforce involved. One of the main pests that affect this crop is the Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci), but the spatial distribution of this insect, although important, has not been considered in crop management recommendations, experimental planning or sampling procedures. Our purpose here is to consider statistical tools to detect and model spatial patterns of the occurrence of the onion thrips. In order to characterize the spatial distribution pattern of the Onion Thrips a survey was carried out to record the number of insects in each development phase on onion plant leaves, on different dates and sample locations, in four rural properties with neighboring farms under different infestation levels and planting methods. The Mantel randomization test proved to be a useful tool to test for spatial correlation which, when detected, was described by a mixed spatial Poisson model with a geostatistical random component and parameters allowing for a characterization of the spatial pattern, as well as the production of prediction maps of susceptibility to levels of infestation throughout the area.

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Bidhendi, Amir J., Hongbo Li, and Anja Geitmann. "Modeling the nonlinear elastic behavior of plant epidermis." Botany 98, no. 1 (January 2020): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2019-0058.

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Cell growth and organ development in plants are often correlated with the tensile behavior of the primary cell wall. To understand the mechanical behavior of plant material, various mechanical testing techniques have been employed, such as tensile testing of excised tissue samples. The onion (Allium cepa L.) epidermis has emerged as a model system for plant tissue mechanics. In this study, we performed tensile tests on strips of adaxial onion epidermis. While the tissue appeared stiffer in the direction along the major growth axis compared with the transverse direction, the tensile strength of tissue was not significantly different between the two orientations, indicating a nontrivial link between the cell wall and tissue mechanical anisotropy. Importantly, we observed the stress–strain behavior of the onion epidermis under tension to be highly nonlinear. Several hyperelastic models were fitted to the test data to evaluate their capacity to describe the nonlinear deformation of onion epidermis. The Yeoh hyperelastic model could successfully simulate the uniaxial tensile test data. This study suggests that accounting for nonlinearity in the deformation of the primary tissue may be essential for the accurate interpretation of mechanical test data, and a better understanding of the mechanics of the primary plant cell wall.

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Simpson, Tyler, and Kang-Mo Ku. "Metabolomics and Physiological Approach to Understand Allelopathic Effect of Horseradish Extract on Onion Root and Lettuce Seed as Model Organism." Plants 10, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10101992.

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In the present study, we assessed the allelopathic effects of various concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) of horseradish root extract (HRE) on onion root. The average growth of onion root tips during the 0% HRE treatment (deionized water treatment) was 0.9 cm/day, which was the highest among the growth rates obtained with all HRE treatments. Moreover, the average growth during 0.3% HRE treatment was 0.1 cm/day. During cell cycle analysis, the mitotic phase fraction of the control (deionized water treatment) cells was 6.5% of all dividing cells, with this percentage being the highest among the values obtained for all treatment groups. In the control group, all cell cycle phases were identified; however, in the 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% treatment groups, telophase was not identified. The ROS accumulation area of the onion root decreased, as the HRE treatment concentration increased. In the control root, the area of dead tissue was 0%; however, in the 0.1% and 0.2% HRE treatment roots, the ratio was 5% and 50%, respectively. These findings indicate that the allelopathic effect of HRE depends on the concentration of HRE applied to the onion root.

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PROKOPOV, Tsvetko, Maryia GEORGIEVA, Milena NIKOLOVA, Dimitar ATANASOV, and Donka TANEVA. "DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF ONION PROCESSING WASTE." Series II: Forestry Wood Industry Agricultural Food Engineering 14(63), no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.17.

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Onion processing waste (OPW) was dried in a convective hot-air laboratory scale dryer at 50, 60, 70 and 80ºC. The effect of drying temperature on the drying characteristics and on the total phenolic and total flavonoid content of dried samples was determined. Three mostly used models were applied for fitting the experimental drying curves. The results indicated that the constant rate-drying period was not observed and that the logarithmic model was the most suitable for fitting the experimental drying kinetic data. The drying temperature significantly affected the total phenolic and total flavonoid content of dried OPW. The values of effective diffusivity were calculated and the determined value of activation energy was 28.05 kJ/mol.

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Khosa, Jiffinvir, Robyn Lee, Srishti Joshi, Martin Shaw, John McCallum, and Richard Macknight. "A Guide for the Cultivation of Onion under Controlled Environment Conditions." HortScience 53, no. 12 (December 2018): 1746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13515-18.

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Bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is a challenging subject for experimental studies because of its slow growth, genetic heterogeneity, and sensitivity to environmental and biotic stresses. Sharing of common germplasm and controlled propagation practices has underpinned research on model plants, such as Arabidopsis and tomato, but not in onion. To encourage wider evaluation of onion for physiological and molecular studies in controlled environments, we describe the growing practices we have developed over two decades of research on adaptive and nutrient assimilation traits. Key aspects covered include choice of germplasm, propagation media, nutrition, and environmental control. Adopting common onion genetics and cultivation techniques across laboratories will allow researchers to answer deeper research questions and increase the reproducibility of the research.

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KIM, Yung Che. "Hierarchical Conceptualization of the Creativity Education, the Onion Model." Journal of Thinking Development 17, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51636/jotd.2021.12.17.3.27.

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Wang, F. Q., Y. P. Chen, L. Q. Hu, H. Y. Guo, S. C. Liu, and L. Wang. "Onion skin model (OSM) analysis of EAST SOL plasmas." Nuclear Fusion 54, no. 9 (July 30, 2014): 093002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/54/9/093002.

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Mirabella, Francis M., and Adrian Boborodea. "Updated “Onion Skin” Model for Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation." International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 20, no. 5 (May 21, 2015): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023666x.2015.1035544.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Onion model'

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