Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Onde surface gravite'
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Guibourg, Sandrine. "MModélisations numérique et expérimentale des houles bidimensionnelles en zone cotière." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10160.
Full textChapalain, Georges. "Étude hydrodynamique et sédimentaire des environnements littoraux dominés par la houle." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10121.
Full textBarros, Ricardo. "Gravity waves in two-layer flows with free surface." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30080.
Full textIn this work we study the wave propagation in two-layer flows with free surface. Two distinct classes of models are contemplated. First, we consider the "two-layer" version of the shallow water equations (also known by Saint-Venant's equations). This model is strictly hyperbolic for small relative velocities. It would be natural to consider this model as suitable for the description of hydraulic jumps. However, like most of models describing multi-velocity flows, the system is not presented in conservative form. We present a survey on the number of conservation laws available for the multi-dimensional case that seems to imply that the system is truly nonconservative. Therefore, the impossibility of presenting a complete set of Rankine-Hugoniot conditions enabling the characterization of weak solutions in the classical way. Then, we obtain a dispersive model suited to the description of large amplitude waves propagating in the same physical system. The model is a "two-layer" generalization of the Green-Naghdi model and can be derived by applying Hamilton's principle to a Lagrangian that results from the insertion of approximations directly into the Lagrangian for the full waterwave problem. As a consequence, the variational structure of the original problem and the corresponding symmetry properties are preserved. In addition, it is a fully nonlinear model and deals with rotational flows. As in the case of the full problem, the present model captures the resonance between short waves and long waves. In this framework it is shown, by using numerical computations, the existence of homoclinic trajectories embedded into the continuous spectrum. These correspond to true solitary waves having the same velocities at infinity in each layer. Their study reduces to the analysis of a Hamiltonian system with two degrees of freedom. The traveling-wave solutions depend on three parameters : the density ratio, the depth ratio and the Froude number based on the bottom layer. Two wave regimes, characterized by the elevation or depression of the interface between the layers are presented. A critical depth ratio separates these two regimes and it will be shown how it relates to a change of the structure of the potential for the Hamiltonian system. The analysis of the number and nature of critical points turned out to be decisive in this work. It was found that the number of critical points can be four or two, depending on the value of the Froude number (for fixed density and depth ratios). For sets of parameters corresponding to oceanic conditions we have perceived the existence of true solitary waves and their broadening whenever the wave speed increases towards a limit value. Finally, other sets of parameters are considered for which multi-humped solitons exist, highlighting the richness and complexity of the system considered
Ioulalen, Mansour. "Etude de la stabilité linéaire d'ondes de gravité progressives et tridimensionnelles en profondeur infinie." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22065.
Full textAubourg, Quentin. "Étude expérimentale de la turbulence d’ondes à la surface d’un fluide. La théorie de la turbulence faible à l’épreuve de la réalité pour les ondes de capillarité et gravité." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI061/document.
Full textThe wave turbulence provides a statistical description of the interactions of a large set of weakly non-linear waves. Introduced in the 1960s by the works of Zakharov and Hasselmann, this theory often fails against experiments, particularly for gravity waves and at the crossover for capillary-gravity waves. The objective of this PhD is to study experimentally these two regimes by looking directly at the resonant interactions that are the heart of the weak turbulence theory. The first experiment focuses on the capillary-gravity regime. An energy cascade composed of weakly linear waves is observed in agreement with the phenomenology of the theory. The use of higher order statistical tools shows that it is essentially 3-waves collinear interaction that govern the cascade. The second experiment explores the pure gravity regime thanks to the large dimensions of the Coriolis platform. The full energy spectrum shows the systematic presence of the harmonic branch, although it remains small compared to the linear component. The correlations indicate the presence of strong 3-waves interactions between the linear branch and the harmonics branches. No 4-waves interaction as assumed by the theory is observed. The last section reports the results from an experiment on internal waves and from in situ data of the Black Sea made available by F. Ardhuin. These two experiments confirm the results of the previous section and raise the question of the importance of the 3-wave interaction with the harmonic branch for generating the energy cascade in the gravity wave regime…
Peureux, Charles. "Observation et modélisation des propriétés directionnelles des ondes de gravité courtes." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0091/document.
Full textShort surface gravity waves are ubiquitous at the ocean surface, with lengths from a few tens of meters to a meter typically.Knowing their propagation directions at sea is important in several respects, especially for the understanding of sea-state dynamics, airsea interactions and particles surface drift.Their directional distributions are here investigated in the light of the recent progress made in instrumentation techniques. The analysis of ocean bottom seismo-acoustic noise records allows for the extraction of a quasi-universal behavior which indirectly depends on this distribution through the socalled overlap integral. It is coherent with direct observations of the wave field obtained from tri-dimensional reconstructions of the ocean surface elevation field. While the propagation direction of long waves aligns with the wind direction, short waves progressively detach from it towards small scales (bimodality).Comparing those measurements with the predictions of a spectral numerical wave model, based on WAVEWATCH®III environment, allows to realize that they provide qualitatively correct but quantitatively incorrect predictions. One of the possibilities here explored to correct for it, is by accounting for the sources of energy at ±90° to the wind direction, which could be associated with the breaking of long waves. This source term on its own does not explain the shapes of the observed directional distributions. Other mechanisms could come into play that future investigations will help clarify
Euvé, Léo-Paul. "Interactions ondes-courant-obstacle : application à la physique des trous noirs." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2280/document.
Full textThe aim of the PhD is the observation the Hawking radiation in the laboratory, this astounding prediction of the English astrophysicist Stephen Hawking made in 1974: black holes are not black. In other words, they do not absorb anything within reach but emit a radiation. In addition to the complications of the fact that these celestial objects are thousands of light years away, this radiation is so weak that it would be like trying to hear a whisper in a rock concert. But William Unruh, in 1981, proposed a solution: to use hydrodynamic systems which have the same mathematical equations as in astrophysics. More precisely, in our case, we use the correspondence between the propagation of light in the vicinity of a black hole and surface waves propagation on a inhomogeneous countercurrent (due to the presence of a submerged obstacle). For this, a thorough understanding of the surface waves physics is necessary (variable bathymetry, vorticity, non-linearities ...). On the technical side, a free surface measurement method has been developed and optimized
Artru, Juliette. "Observations au sol ou par satellite et modélisation des signaux ionosphériques post-sismiques." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GLOB0006.
Full textFochesato, Christophe. "Modèles numériques pour les vagues et les ondes internes." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132969.
Full textNguyen, Huu Ha. "Analyse de la surface libre dans un canal par une méthode optique : application à l'impact des vagues sur une structure." Le Havre, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LEHA0004.
Full textThis PhD study aims to analyze the free surface within a wave channel by using a new optical measurement. This process uses a video and a laser induced fluorescence to visualize the water movement within a wave channel equipped with glass walls. The good contrast between the water and the air obtained on the captured images allows to detect accurately the free surface. A pixel range can give one punctual evolution of the free surface like a traditional punctual measurement of the free surface (for example: resistive probe). So the space resolution of the free surface can be obtained with a very high resolution. This optical measurement opens an in-depth investigation on the decomposition of incident and reflected harmonic waves using four wave gauges proposed by Lin et al. (2004). On the one side, it confirms the good pertinence of this method with the fundamental waves. On the other side, some difficulties appear about the estimation of higher harmonic waves. The same conclusions are found by comparing the four fixed gauges method of Lin et al. (2004) with the moving probes method of Brossard et al. (2000). This new measurement method allows to characterize the different behaviours of the free surface nearby a sloping marine structure according to the structure inclinations. For this purpose, various parameters associated with the extreme forms of the free surface are analyzed in relation to the structure inclination
Przadka, Adam. "Mesures spatio-temporelles d'ondes à la surface de l'eau : retournement temporel et turbulence d'onde." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00790720.
Full textKoo, Min. "Effets de température dans les procédés de gravure plasma : Aspects fondamentaux et applications." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355029.
Full textBounasri, Fouad. "Étude de la gravure du tungstène, du silicium, du carbure de silicium et d'une résine en fonction de la température du substrat dans un magnétoplasma à onde de surface." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21431.pdf.
Full textGaillard, Pierre. "Calcul numérique des ondes de gravité dans les zones littorales et les aménagements portuaires : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10079.
Full textSalut, Roland. "Etude des moyens de lithographie haute résolution pour la fabrication de résonateurs à ondes élastiques de surface : application aux sources embarquées." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839967.
Full textSalut, Roland. "ETUDE DES MOYENS DE LITHOGRAPHIE HAUTE RESOLUTION POUR LA FABRICATION DE RESONATEURS A ONDES ELASTIQUES DE SURFACE : APPLICATION AUX SOURCES EMBARQUEES." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00699511.
Full textBustillo, Julien. "Caractérisation non destructive du silicium poreux par méthode ultrasonore." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4026/document.
Full textPorous silicon is a material that is currently used in many fields such as biology and microelectronics, thanks to its remarkable properties. Non-destructive characterization of this kind of material is still limited, mostly due to thickness of porous layer and pore size. The aim of this work is the development of an ultrasonic characterization method to allow monitoring of in situ etching in real time. First, the study of electrochemical etching and tanks where it is made to have the estimated microgeometric parameters of the porous layer. Through knowledge of the pore size and orientation, the mechanical constants md the values of permeability and tortuosity are estimated. Second, propagation of the ultrasonic waves within the material bi-porous Si-Si layer is examined. Modelling of the porous i layer is performed through the Biot model to estimate the longitudinal speed to calculate the theoretical spectrum transmission through the etched wafer. A measurement using an insertion-substitution method allows a determination of transmission spectrum. The parameters of the porous layer (thickness and porosity ) are determined by an inverse problem resolution, based on a genetic algorithm. A comparison with destructive measurements shows the interest of the ultrasonic measurement
Royon-Lebeaud, Aude. "Ballottement des liquides dans les réservoirs cylindriques soumis à une oscillation harmonique: régimes d'onde non-linéaire et brisure." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009117.
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