Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Olympisme – organisation et administration'
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Lefevre, Florent. "« La genèse de l’organisation des Comités Olympiques Européens (COE) ou la diplomatie culturelle du sport olympique à l’échelle de l’Europe de 1965 à 1995 »." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS021.
Full textThe genesis of the organisation known as the European Olympic Committees (EOC) is a lengthy process marked by the issues and strategies of many different players. The aim of this thesis is to shed light on the process of institutionalisation and to decipher how this slow process of institutionalisation reflects both the need for and the instability of a democracy for Olympic sport on a European scale. In many respects, the long process of institutionalising the Association of European National Olympic Committees, from its beginnings in 1965 to its creation in 1995 under the name of the European Olympic Committees, as well as the operations undertaken by those involved to bring about this institutionalisation, upset the International Olympic Committee's strategy of hegemonic control over its own bodies. In certain respects, the creation of an organisation grouping together the European National Olympic Committees undermines a founding principle of the Olympic system laid down by the IOC, according to which IOC members are the IOC's representatives in their respective countries and not their country's delegates within the IOC. However, the motives behind the creation of AENOC and then the EOC were not to establish IOC representation in European bodies. On the contrary, they stem from a desire to free themselves from a state of dependence on the IOC, or seem to feed the individual ambitions of players in the Olympic Movement, or constitute a form of instrumentalisation in the cause of European integration. Three periods punctuate this genesis: the first, from 1965 to 1975, concerns the beginnings and utopia of a European Olympic project. Then, from 1975 to 1989, the European Olympic project became a reality, and finally, from 1989 to 1995, the European Olympic community came into being. Finally, after much wandering, after the Oedipal temptation to distance itself from the IOC, has AENOC not become the IOC's laboratory and ally for exploring other paths towards Olympic universality? After years of sometimes stormy dialogue, this grouping of European NOCs is asserting itself as the IOC's relay on the continent by promoting a European Olympism that is also based on the concept of European integration. The research methodology is based on extensive consultation and analysis of archives, in particular the archives of the IOC's Olympic Studies Centre in Lausanne, the archives of the European Commission in Brussels and the private archives of certain players and NOCs. In order to provide a bottom-up viewpoint that deciphers the workings, ambitions and operations devised or implemented by European players in sport, Olympism and Europe in their quest to free themselves from their dependence on the IOC, 20 interviews were conducted with people involved or close to them (employees, descendants), who had held positions within the NOCs or political leaders who had been involved in actions that intertwined the European Olympic dimension and actions to build a Europe of solidarity
Philippe, Joseph V. "L'enseignement post-secondaire en France et en Angleterre : organisation et administration /." Montréal : [s.n.], 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355505904.
Full textTEDESCO, GIUSEPPE. "L'hôpital et son projet d'établissement : modèle de solution et modèle d'évolution intégré, analyse de deux expériences de gestion." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPXX0010.
Full textThe hospital reform law of 1991 called for each hospital to define its ownenterprise development project. This project allows each establishment toreflect on its own strategic positioning. The enterprise development. Project is a veritable opportunity for change: the purpose is to create anew set of health care services better suited to the needs of the localenvironment, and to determine the most appropriate organizational methodsfor patient care. To complete their enterprise development projects, some hospitals developed solution-based models. Created by a group of designers, these modelsfocused on one or two management criteria (cost and health care services) but did not consider the organization. As a result, when the designers attempt to distribute and implement the model, organizational crises occurred. Other hospitals developed evolutionary models. Managers considered the process of change as well the changes themselves. In this context, the strategy for change resulted in organizational learning experiences and disorder. Although the first strategy for change is faster, it involves social reproduction and clashes head-on with the organization. The second strategy is slower and more progressive. It involves social change and the organization is considered as an important variable when determining actions. After describing these two management methods, this paper demonstrates that neither approach is fully satisfactory. It suggests a third alternative called the "integrated change" model. This approach uses the notion of target as a nodal element in a strategy for change. The paper goes on to propose a tool to enable hospital managers to develop management strategies based on this approach
Moreno, García Juan Carlos. "Ḥwt et le milieu rural égyptien du IIIe millénaire : économie, administration et organisation territoriale /." Paris : H. Champion, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36977757s.
Full textGiudice, Alberto. "Le principat d'Hadrien : organisation de l'espace urbain et administration territoriale de l'Empire." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MULH9598/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation explores the organization of the urban space and territorial administration during Hadrian's reign. The first part, Hadrian at the peak of power, is an introduction to the characteristics of Hadrian's Empire concerning the access to power of Trajan's successor, the propaganda and his ideology of power, the reform of the army and the new defense policy he activated. The second part, Hadrian, Rome and the cities in the West, contains the analysis of the administrative and editorial actions that Hadrian carried out in favor of the Vrbs and the cities located in Italy as well as in the west Provinces of the Empire. The third part, Hadrian, Athens and the cities in the East, encloses the analysis of the administrative and editorial actions that Hadrian carried out in favour of Athens and the cities located in the eastern provinces
Pinto, Coelho Joaquim José Vieira Fischer Gustave-Nicolas. "Les facteurs psychosociaux de l'efficacité organisationnelle étude comparée des mairies portugaises /." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2004/Vieira_Pinto_Coelho.Joaquim.Jose.LMZ0408_1.pdf.
Full textBognon, René Djénoan. "Les pouvoirs publics en Côte d'Ivoire : organisation formelle et réseaux informels." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10014.
Full textThe analysis of the state in a changing society is all the more tricky since it is difficult to know precisely the ways of acquisition, exercise and transfer of power even if a political center can be designated. Indeed, the observation of social and political life in the ivory coast, reveals that the foundation of power doesn't lie only in official institutions (though these ones keep a dominating position), because they are penetrated by gigantic underground systems such as informal networks-states within the state. These underground systems, although they have an absorbing capacity by phagocytosis, are not the leading power. Formal state institutions and informal networks are both the ivory coast's ways of functioning. However informal networks are only parasites without any autonomy, which can only grow in the shadow of the state structures the dysfunctions of public services consist in what we call initial "malentendu". Indeed, the ivory coast as a modern state is an inheritance left over from France. It doesn't result, as it is commonly said, neither from a borrowing, or an imitation, nor from an inadequacy of the state, but from a historical process. It's not an African state, but a process initiated in France and carried over to Africa. This process can only work on the bases of its native foundations
Bognon, René Djénoan. "Les pouvoirs publics en Côte d'Ivoire : organisation formelle et réseaux informels." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D014.
Full textThe analysis of the state in a changing society is all the more tricky since it is difficult to know precisely the ways of acquisition, exercise and transfer of power even if a political center can be designated. Indeed, the observation of social and political life in the ivory coast, reveals that the foundation of power doesn't lie only in official institutions (though these ones keep a dominating position), because they are penetrated by gigantic underground systems such as informal networks-states within the state. These underground systems, although they have an absorbing capacity by phagocytosis, are not the leading power. Formal state institutions and informal networks are both the ivory coast's ways of functioning. However informal networks are only parasites without any autonomy, which can only grow in the shadow of the state structures the dysfunctions of public services consist in what we call initial "malentendu". Indeed, the ivory coast as a modern state is an inheritance left over from France. It doesn't result, as it is commonly said, neither from a borrowing, or an imitation, nor from an inadequacy of the state, but from a historical process. It's not an African state, but a process initiated in France and carried over to Africa. This process can only work on the bases of its native foundations
Hadjri, Mohsen. "Le service d'accueil dans une clinique privée : activité et organisation." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M035.
Full textBouallouche, Yacine. "Méta-modèle et cadre méthodologique pour l’ingénierie d’une organisation étendue : Application à une administration étendue." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDN0021.
Full textThe increasing of political and socio-economic changes strongly influences the budget balance of public organizations. They are constrained to move towards a more reactive and flexible organizational model. For public organizations, the challenge is to determine the best public-private hybridization, into a reticular structure, ensuring the economic performance of their services but also the creation of public value. These reorganizations present many pitfalls that are insufficiently addressed by public management literature. It analyzes management changes and gaps in the public sphere, but rarely suggests the methods and tools that support the forms of management it recommends. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to review the public management literature in order to bring a new perspective and propose the implementation of models, methods and tools of industrial engineering. Thus, we propose a meta-model and a methodological framework for the engineering of an extended organization. This proposal aims at controlling the complexity of a reticular structure without damaging the autonomy of the organizations (public and/or private) that compose it. The implementation of the proposed methodology is illustrated by a textbook case inspired by the clothing function of the French armies: the scenario of an outsourcing of this clothing function is studied taking into account its inclusion in a reticular structure
Freyssinet, Emilie. "L' organisation du territoire entre Meuse et Rhin à l'époque romaine." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/FREYSSINET_Emilie_2007.pdf.
Full textThis work concerns the territories of four civitates located between Rhine and Meuse and their organisation during Roman times : the Leuci and the Mediomatrici in Mosellan Gaul, the Triboci and the Rauraci on the left bank of the Rhine. From the point of view of ancient writers, we have observed that this space has been appropriated since the Conquest, with the Rhine as a real or a symbolic frontier. We have established a hierarchy between the towns that structures these civic territories. The organisation of the civitates seems to correspond with a model based on a civitas capital in the centre of the territory, with other important towns all around the territory, like relays of the capital. If some of those towns, but not the majority, have a latenian origin, this model may be compatible with the will of the Roman authority. During late Antiquity, the organisation of the civitates have sometimes been deeply modified
Béraldin, Céline. "Sécurité, droit et territoire : étude de l'émergence d'un droit de l'action publique territoriale de la sécurité." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE21025.
Full textThe PHD thesis is based on the analysis of the security rule of law developments since 1995. This period of time is the starting point for the recognition of a new law admitting the individual right for security. The government has created a partnership between local and national authorities in order to administrate the local security. Local security councils and local security contracts become the essential mechanisms for the local security administration. In this context, this evolution confirms the difference between the term of security and the terms of order and safety. Security refers not only to individual protection means against physical attacks, but also against individual insecurity feelings. This thesis demonstrates the relationship between local security policies and security legal control. The emergence of local authority implication in the security field, allows the development of partnership control rules. Security, which was the exclusive intervention field of the government, is now the object of a realist administration and a particular legal control
Wang, Tao. "Organisation et pilotage des services sur le trajet des urgences." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00378501.
Full textVedel-Defrance, Véronique. "Représentations et contrôle d'une organisation de santé : le cas d'une unité de réanimation néonatale." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10082.
Full textBased on an indepth study of a neonatal intensive care unit, this thesis examines an assessment of performances in cost wise, and survival results. A cautious interpretation of this analysis and its results leads, nevertheless, to some conclusions from the point of view of the control and about the hypothetical sharing of representations between : economists or managers and physicians
Sangaré, Issa Bakary. "Assainissement urbain, organisation des villes et développement écologique : vers "l'autonomie durable" ?" Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2028.
Full textVillesèque-Dubus, Fabienne. "Systèmes budgétaires et identité organisationnelle." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736568.
Full textEl, Hachami Noureddine. "L'administration du développement : perspectives du management public dans un pays émergent." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0971.
Full textModernizing the administrative system in a developing country should be treated as a process of a changing society : therefore. . . A sociological approach might be of a great interest if mixed with a legal analysis. Since the modernization process is supposed to improve the efficiency of the public service, modern management methods and techniques appear to be relevant at first sight provided they prove to be compatible with the specific features of the public administration and to be scœntifically legitimate from an academic point of vue. However, prior to the implementation of a managerial approach in the public sector, certain actions should be undertaken on the political, legal, institutional end cultural ground
Lepetit, Bernard. "Armature urbaine et organisation de l'espace dans la France préindustrielle (1740-1840)." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010639.
Full textCostin, Maria. "Qualité et modernisation du management hospitalier public, une comparaison Franco-Moldave des grands hôpitaux : Vers une réflexion stratégique de l'organisation hospitalière." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131007.
Full textThanks to the new perspectives linked to the independence of 1991, the management of the health system is finally confronted to international norms. In spite of restricted means, the representatives for Moldovan health have to find modern methods of management, to ameliorate the quality of medical care. In France, the hospital reforms centered on the workmanship of the expenses of health and the modernization of the tools of management allowed to identify other problems such as: the quality and security of care, the rights of the patients and the content of the users. To better meet the needs of patients it is not enough to make important means available to the different medical services, but to bring about real efficiency for the patients. In this context, that amounts to bringing some change in the mode of administration of hospital business towards a culture of management where the research of performance becomes the rule. The improvement of the medical services passes through the modernization of the system of management. It is under conditions, that we are led to offer a managererial approach of 5 functions (organization of work, motivation, training, automatization and auto-evaluation) which structure the manager frame of hospitals, with regard to the complexity hospital activities. These 5 pillars will allow the managers to have a view of the tasks and priority missions to be fulfilled
Gleyze, Alain. "Concentration et déconcentration dans l'organisation des bibliothèques universitaires françaises de province (1855-1985)." Lyon 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/1999/agleyze.
Full textRousseau, François. "Gérer et militer." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001110.
Full textAmadio, Nicolas. "L'Emotion entre organisation du travail et travail d'organisation : analyse sociologique du service de l'action sociale d'une collectivité territoriale." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR20066.
Full textThe PhD focuses on the sociological analysis of the role of emotions in the production and organization of work processes. Through a diachronic analysis of the place accorded to emotional experience in varied organizational theories, it points out the relevance of a sociopsychological approach. This perspective conducts to distinguish between emotional experience and emotional phenomenon, and to characterize the organisation as a "finite province of meaning" (A. Schütz) in the "Lebenswelt". A qualitative observation of a territorial administration's social work service shows that emotional experience constitutes a material for the co-construction of organizational rationality by the social workers. This study underlines the political dimension of the conflict opposing a work organization which affects the social workers and their organizational work in order to preserve the sense of their professional practices
Taghbaloute, Aziz. "L'arrière-pays de Meknès : exploitation de l'espace et organisation administrative : du XIXe siècle jusqu'à nos jours." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET2039.
Full textIn Morocco, the main characteristic of the late twentieth century was : decentralisation to rethink the national geographical framework in order to adapt it to the new economic and political reality of the country, to bring out the particular features of each region in order to get the balance between its human ressources and its economic potentialities : these two sleps constitute the corner stone for promoting the country in the forthcoming centuries. Analyzing Meknes hinterland, territory which economic as well as cultural and social wealth are unquestionable, constitutes a new approach of the matter. In fact it's a matter of following the evolution of the populations living in that precise region, analylizing the social, economic and political changes and then judging the political tendencies considered by the governements for that territory in order to be able to weigh up the consequences and the reality. Therefore, after defining the space studied, area in which human beings thrire work in order to enhance its geographical specificities as well as its economic and social potentialities, we analyzed its exploitation. It's tene that stydying the agro pastoral activity in relation with the commercial activity and the socio-economic situation of the country allowed us the understand the foundation of the value system governing the daily life of these populations and the human effort in the region. The administrative organization of the territory with its sociocultural aspects as well as the analysis of the events which played an essential part in the history of the region are a good illustration of the impact of local traditions on the relationship between the administration and the citizens and on the tribes reactions over that new political and economic reality of the country. A territorial organization has been quickly set up in order to control the country. That move has been immediatly followed by the promulgation of new legislations allowing to mobilize lands for a colonization greedy for profit, which caused, on the one hand, the ruin of the traditional economic activities with new socio-economic aspects on phenomens and on the other hand, a cultural split with such an exploitation of the colonized space comes an administrative organization characterized by its duality as well as some contradictions in the implementations of its principes
Hooge, Sophie. "Performance de la R&D en rupture et des stratégies d'innovation : organisation, pilotage et modèle d'adhésion." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00565210.
Full textTzamtzis, Jean. "Justice criminelle et justice populaire à la fin de la République romaine, 149-44 av. J. C : organisation judiciaire criminelle et rôle du peuple à Rome au dernier siècle de la République." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020012.
Full textTrough the study of the criminal judicial organisation integrated in a global vision of the popular element in rome,it appears that the coexistence quaestiones-comitial trials at the end of the iid century b. C generated the elimination of the senate's institutional role,in such away that the ulterior diminution of the assembly's justice coincides with an increasment of the people's role into the functioning of the republican state
Moore, John. "Discrétion et manipulation dans les marchés publics : étude du cas français." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010064.
Full textPetiot, Marie. "La nouvelle organisation juridictionnelle de l'Union Européenne issue du traité de Nice : antécédents et mise en oeuvre." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10066.
Full textThis thesis is focuses on the community jurisdictional organization, since the coming into effect of the treaty of Nice on February 1st, 2003, until the coming into force of the treaty of Lisbon December 1st 2009. Indeed, punctual arrangements have been made to correct the gaps and the imperfections of the various texts detailing the modalities of organization of the European Court of Justice and the Tribunal of first instance or the community procedures. However, these reforms showed themselves insufficient to decrease the amount of contentious cases. If a reorganization was necessary, it saw itself hasty, by the scale of the memberships (extensions of 2004 and 2007). The community jurisdictional system had to be reorganized or modernized in order to allow the Court of justice to perform effectively its mission "for guardian of the law in the interpretation and the application of treaties". In search of direction or in loss of direction, the failures and the gaps of the jurisdictional organization had become too important. Several reflections thinkings from different sources were developed to bread new judicial architecture or simply to optimize the jurisdictional work within the jurisdiction. The community jurisdictional system was reformed, consequently, three times in the last five years. Factors that led to the overcrowding of the institution are several, the increase of the jurisdictions, the democratization of the ways of community law, the increase of the legitimacy of the European Court of Justice. Consequently, what balance sheet can we then make and which perspectives for the community justice of tomorrow ? We shall try to present the main propositions of reforms stemming from the treaty of Nice. Far from simplifying the actuel system, we attend an increasing court and administrative complexification of networks within the European Court of Justice. Indeed, a new organization seems to be outlined for the community jurisdiction, which we could summarize so "unit in the variety" : European court of Justice, Court of first instance and Civil service Tribunal of the European Union. So, the new distribution of the jurisdictions between the European Court of Justice and the Court of first instance, the establishement of the TFPUE, the creation of the community review, the implementation of an appeal in front of the TPI, acceleration and simplication of litigation, adaptations of workings methods of the institutions are so many points as we try to present in this thesis. Finally we analyze the organizational and administrative autonomy of the court though the offices and the institution. Indeed, the dynamics of the institution based on the administrative services of the Court, keystone of the entire judicial community building. They contribute to the mission of the court, adjucadicate disputes raised before the courtroom of the court community. The work of members of the court could not be accomplished without infrastructure organized. Some ancillary services purely administrative permit, in effect, the proper functioning of the judiciary, in accordance with the principles of good institutional governance (transparency, efficiency). In this research we presented the main services of the institutions : translation services, general service, media and information services, library, research documentation, internal audit services (. . . ). They are services auxiliaries to the services court inherent, compose strictly offices of the judges and the advocates-general, or the cabinet of the president of the Court. We will be interested in particular functions, such as those of the Law-clerks, readers of ruling, President, the Clerk of the court or the special assemblies, as "the general meeting" or "the assembly of the presidents". These will allow us to analyze the interactions and the relationships of the members of the jurisdiction and the impact of the extensions on its functioning
Bellagamba, Gauthier. "Qualité de vie au travail et environnement organisationnel : études qualitatives et quantitatives sur les personnels en établissement de santé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5028/document.
Full textAIM. These researches examined the association between quality of work life (QoWL) and organizational factors within health care workers. METHOD. Two studies by questionnaires and two studies by semi-structured interviews were conducted. Studies by questionnaires explored the professional psychosocial characteristics (JCQ), quality of life (SF-12) and psycho-organizational constraints (NWI-EO). The interviews focused on the work organization, the work environment, the interpersonal relationships and the influence of work on health. RESULTS. A total of 452 professionals participated in the studies by questionnaires and 36 professionals were interviewed. Professionals who lived a department relocation have presented an increase of job strain associated with social isolation and declared greater constraints concerning the lack of communication as well as team relationships. In our population, the other main factors associated with the degradation of psychosocial characteristics and quality of life are to work more than two weekends a month, to be regularly on call, to work in non-functional environments and to do not participate in regular meetings. CONCLUSION. These results call the hospital management to design more appropriate communication processes, to provide a good balance between professional and personal life as well as an ergonomic and functional environment
Bachelet, Rémi. "Organisation et gestion des risques en salle des marches financiers : appareil, marche, réseau." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114177.
Full textNous conduisons notre recherche à travers une approche empirique : d'abord pendant une période d'observation participante de trois ans, puis en menant une quarantaine d'entretiens à Paris, Londres et Hong Kong.
Nos apports sont triples :
1. L'observation en salle des marchés s'applique à un objet émergent et original. Nous proposons trois notions pour le décrire : celle de position, celle de corrélation des instruments financiers et celle de desk, définie à partir d'une grille d'analyse associant métiers et produits.
2. Nous construisons notre problématique à partir des trois formes fondamentales de l'action organisée que sont l'appareil hiérarchique, le marché et le réseau. Nous les constituons en idéaltypes en tant que dispositifs de régulation, de coordination et d'adaptation d'un système.
3. En 'déclinant' ceux-ci, nous établissons une grille d'analyse des modalités de gestion des risques dans l'organisation. Nous discutons ainsi notre hypothèse centrale selon laquelle les salles des marchés constituent des organisations plurielles.
Nous démontrons ainsi la pertinence des idéaltypes et de leurs interactions, en particulier à travers les dispositifs organisationnels que sont les "murs de Chine" et les "lignes produits". Enfin, nous explicitons les particularités des salles des marchés : le mouvement de réorganisation continuelle dont elles sont le théâtre et leur spécificité par rapport aux autres organisations.
Face à la crise d'interprétation de l'organisation, nous proposons donc une nouvelle approche de la gestion des risques. Des parallèles sont évoqués : tours de contrôle, ingénierie simultanée, agences de presse.
Enfin, notre recherche pointe l'insuffisance de l'approche actuelle par le contrôle des risques et propose des pistes d'amélioration.
Lavoir, Jean-Yves. "L'administration locale en U. R. S. S. Et en Russie 1985-1995 : étude sur la tentative de transformation du système des soviets en une organisation décentralisée." Bordeaux 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR40029.
Full textSubject to the principle of the organization of democratic centralism and to the authority of the communist party, the soviets at all levels formed, in the ussr, aunified system of organs of statepower. By ending the substitution of the party's organs to those of the state with a view to establishing a rule-of-law state, gorbatchov's reforms, or perestroika, gave the soviets a political legitimacy. They then demanded, at a local level, tehir autonomy in relation to the central power, which led to the adoption of the concept of "local self-government", a first step towards decentralization in russia. However, the practival application of this concept first clashed with the come back of centralism after the events of august 1991, then with the will of the regions to become fulltime elements of the federation of russia, finally with the russian tradition of direct democracy in the management of local affairs
Lenay, Olivier. "Régulation, planification et organisation du système hospitalier : la place des outils de gestion dans la conception des politiques publiques." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1018.
Full textGUERIN, SCHNEIDER Laëtitia. "Introduire la mesure de performance dans la régulation des services d'eau et d'assainissement en France. Instrumentation et organisation." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005754.
Full textDans ce contexte, les collectivités locales, communes ou syndicats, sont responsables de l'organisation des services d'eau. Elles doivent faire en sorte que les objectifs de service public soient pris en compte, en particulier dans leur nouvelle composante qualitative. Elles doivent également informer l'usager.
La maîtrise des services d'eau par les élus est cependant rendue difficile : le déséquilibre d'information avec l'exploitant, l'existence d'un oligopole ou encore la situation de monopole naturel sont autant d'éléments qui viennent affaiblir la position de la collectivité. A la lumière de la théorie des contrats, l'analyse du modèle français, mais également celle d'autres pays européens, montre que les limites du mécanisme concurrentiel obligent à envisager une régulation plus poussée dans le secteur de l'eau que dans d'autres services publics.
La mesure de performance par des indicateurs portant sur les résultats qualitatifs du service apparaît comme un outil propre à améliorer cette maîtrise de la gestion par les élus. En introduisant des mécanismes de circulation d'information, elle permet de mieux appréhender les évolutions de chaque service, mais aussi de les comparer entre eux. L'incitation par pseudo-concurrence peut ainsi jouer pleinement, quel que soit le mode de gestion. Les indicateurs vont aussi servir à définir la qualité attendue dans la phase pré-contractuelle, puis à suivre et à piloter les résultats du service en phase d'exécution. Ils permettent enfin une communication vers les usagers-clients, rendant ainsi plus visibles des progrès du service qui restent souvent cachés.
La participation à plusieurs groupes de travail, rassemblant des experts français et étrangers, a permis de constituer un panel commun d'indicateurs balayant l'ensemble des missions des services d'eau et d'assainissement. Ces indicateurs, en nombre limité et souvent assez simples à obtenir, sont hiérarchisés de manière à guider le choix de la collectivité, sans toutefois lui retirer la possibilité d'adapter la liste au contexte particulier de son service. Ces indicateurs, rassemblés en critère de synthèse forment des tableaux de bord qui présentent les principaux aspects de la gestion d'un service : qualité du service au client, gestion du réseau, gestion de la ressource, gestion de la station d'épuration et capacité de financement de la collectivité. Ces éléments permettent de cerner non seulement la qualité des prestations immédiates, mais également la pérennité du service et la protection de l'environnement. L'analyse annuelle de ces critères permet de caractériser la situation du service, de repérer d'éventuelles dérives et de remonter aux origines pour déboucher sur des recommandations concrètes. Ainsi, le dialogue avec l'exploitant s'engage sur une base plus objective, dans une logique d'amélioration. Le test de terrain sur cinq collectivités a permis de démontrer l'efficacité de cette méthode, même si l'outil doit être utilisé avec précaution, notamment lors des comparaisons entre services.
Cette thèse propose d'insérer cet outil de gestion dans un dispositif de régulation plus global. Les premières expériences, notamment au sein du Ministère de l'Agriculture, et les réflexions menées avec le Ministère de l'Environnement permettent de dessiner les principes de cette nouvelle organisation de la régulation. Une autorité de régulation nationale pourrait être associée à des réseaux d'experts locaux, au service des collectivités. L'autorité assurerait la mutualisation de l'information. Les experts locaux, sur le modèle de l'intervention actuelle des DDAF, transmettraient l'information et les compétences constituées à un niveau plus centralisé, pour rétablir un certain équilibre avec l'exploitant. Ces conseillers pourraient à la fois aider les collectivités à interpréter correctement les indicateurs et jouer le rôle d'intermédiaire neutre entre le régulateur et le régulé (ou entre le principal et l'agent). Ainsi, les collectivités conserveraient leurs prérogatives, mais avec l'appui de conseillers compétents. Les usagers informés pourraient également mieux jouer leur rôle de pression démocratique.
Ces travaux ouvrent la voie à deux prolongements. D'abord, un travail statistique est nécessaire pour constituer les références et trouver les facteurs descriptifs permettant de former des classes de comparaison au sein des services. Par ailleurs, l'utilisation des indicateurs comme outils de pilotage des performances non financières du service peut être conjuguée avec une incitation économique. Pour cela, il faut choisir quelques indicateurs-clefs et moduler la recette de l'exploitant en fonction des résultats obtenus. L'intéressement du résultat à la performance constitue une suite logique à la mise en place des indicateurs de suivi : il permettrait de réintroduire les risques et périls de l'exploitant et de rétablir une incitation cohérente avec les nouveaux objectifs qualitatifs des services.
Hassan, Taher. "Logistique hospitalière : organisation de la chaîne logistique pharmaceutique aval et optimisation des flux de consommables et des matériels à usage unique." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00378591.
Full textTillier, Mathieu. "Les cadis d'Iraq à l'époque abbaside : organisation administrative et rapports au pouvoir (132/750-334/945)." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/tillier_m.
Full textDuring the medieval period, the qâdîs are situated between two worlds: that of state institutions and that of private lawyers. This thesis seeks to analyze relationships between the Iraqi qâdîs and state power between the ‘abbâsid revolution in 132/750 and the establishment of the bûyid dynasty in 334/945. We first consider the structure of delegated power that links the qâdîs with the governors, then to the caliphs; we then attempt to establish the degree to which the new dynasty reforms the judicial administration, and examine the criteria that govern the choice of the qâdîs. Having considered the Iraqi judicial districts, we turn to consider the extent to which the juridical authority of the qâdîs covers all the Iraqi territory, and analyze the hierarchical structures that connect them to the central organization of power. Certain deficiencies are shown to be compensated by the elaboration of procedures intended to ensure their geographical and temporal continuity. As Baghdad progressively affirms itself as the nervous center of the Iraqi judicial system, its role in these processes is also analyzed. Finally, we explore the daily relationship between the judicature and power, and attempt to discover the means by which the qâdîs may be used by their délégants for political purposes. Given the intervention of political power in the judicial field, which are increasingly perceived to be illegitimate, the thought of the qâdîs and other scholars lead to an important re-consideration of the qâdî's status in society
Talfi, Mohamed. "Organisation des systèmes de retraite et modélisation des fonds de pension." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325943.
Full textSégas, Sébastien. "La grammaire du territoire : action publique de développement et lutte politique dans les « pays »." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00250175.
Full textSy, Issiaga Thiam. "Etude des liens entre l'appropriation des normes IAS/IFRS et les dimensions organisationnelles et managériales des services comptables." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667934.
Full textAbeih, Mohamed Saleh. "L'influence du droit français sur le régime politique en Mauritanie." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0045.
Full textThis study is about the political regime in Mauritania, especially with regards to the preponderant influence of French law on this regime – a strong influence on the state’s central administration and on decentralized local administration, as well as on the whole of the political institutions.The first Mauritanian constitution of March 22, 1959 was directly inspired by the Constitution of the Fifth French Republic of October 4, 1958 – and the setup of a democraticregime « à la française », a « rule of law » with a separation of powers. However, this influence of French law on the Mauritanian political regime remains limited, for political,cultural, economic, religious, and social reasons. Several difficulties related to the adaptation of French law by the regime, and consideration of specificities of Mauritanian society, have been raised in this study. Indeed, no « rule of law » can be constituted without the unconditional respect of all human rights, and without applying the principle of equality,independence of the judiciary, and transparency in matters of public services.The Mauritanian political regime, while very influenced by the values andfundamental principles of French law, remains an ensemble of rules of Islamic origin and of« Sharia law », like most Arab and Muslim countries
Ben, Omar Ahmed Khalid. "Islam, vie collective, organisation sociale et politique dans la ville de Salé : (1792-1930)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H120/document.
Full textThe main Moroccan cities seem to be experiencing an economic decline and a weakening during the 19th century, they also seem lo have little contact with the outside world and religious, social, collective and urban organization are still little known. The Moroccan city of Salé although a prestigious and rich past is emblematic of this trend. Few foreigners seem to have had the opportunity to visit Moroccan cities such as Salé or Chefchaouen with a prestigious past but traditionally closed to foreign influences. Local archives are rare and involve a familiarity with the Arabic and official documents of the Sultanian regime, which must be deciphered sometimes in private collections. Indeed, the 19th century is a crucial historical moment : to immerse ourselves in the Moroccan urban culture of this century and in the associated historical movements allows us to have complementary and interesting insights into the Moroccan reaction to colonization and the essence of Moroccan resistance movements. This is especially !rue for the city of Salé. Indeed, during the decades preceding the independence of Morocco, the city of Salé was the stronghold of the national resistance movements. As evidenced by the appeal to the "latif” launched in Salé by Ahmed Maâninou, subsequently relayed in the main cities of Morocco, and the petit ion against the Dahir Berbère given LO Sultan Mohammed V and the General Resident will lead France to the withdrawal of dahir of May 1930, perceived by the intellectuals of the time as an attempt to divide the Moroccan people
Ranaivosoa, Rabemananjara Tsanta Ny Aina. "Structuration du tourisme malgache et retombées socio-économiques : analyses et perspectives : le cas de la descente de la Tsiribihina." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENE018/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to see local population involvement in tourism projects that take place on their territory. By using the theoretical frame of the sociology of organizations, in particular that of Friedberg (1997) and the diagnostic tool territorial (Moine, 2007), an analysis of tourism activity on the river Tsiribihina was led. From the identification of common problems that every player must solve, our results highlight that the solutions adopted lead to locals orders formation. Through these results, we can understand: how tourism activities are organized on the river Tsiribihina, the role of local actors in the system, and the socio- economic impacts of this activity particularly in local level
Blaise, Pierre J. "Culture qualité et organisation bureaucratique, le défi du changement dans les systèmes publics de santé: une évaluation réaliste de projets de qualité en Afrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211123.
Full textDepuis une quinzaine d'années en Afrique, cercles de qualité, audits cliniques, cycles de résolution de problèmes et autres 'projets qualité' ont été mis en oeuvre dans les services publics de santé pour améliorer la qualité des soins. Ces projets ont souvent mis l'accent sur des approches participatives, la résolution locale de problèmes et le changement, bousculant les pratiques managériales traditionnelles. A court terme, les évaluations montrent l'amélioration des résultats de programmes ou d'activités. Mais la pérennité de la dynamique reste largement à prouver. Le véritable aboutissement d'un programme d'assurance qualité devrait être apprécié à l'aune de sa capacité à mettre la préoccupation pour la qualité au cœur du management et du fonctionnement du système, et ce de façon continue. C'est en effet la vision moderne de l'assurance qualité déclinée dans les approches du management de la qualité totale, de l'amélioration continue de la qualité ou de l'organisation apprenante.
Méthode
La définition, la mesure et le management de la qualité en santé se révèlent être beaucoup plus qu'une simple procédure technique: c'est un processus social dans un système complexe dont l'étude requiert une approche méthodologique appropriée (Chapitre 1). Notre objectif est d'explorer dans quelle mesure les projets qualité ont permis aux systèmes de santé d'adopter les principes du management de la qualité.
Nous proposons de conduire une 'évaluation réaliste' de projets qualité en Afrique (Chapitre 2). Conceptualisée par Pawson et Tilley (1997) dans le domaine des sciences sociales, l'évaluation réaliste ('realistic evaluation') est une approche méthodologique de la famille des theory based evaluations. Au-delà du constat d'un effet produit par une intervention, l'évaluation réaliste cherche à comprendre ce qui marche, pour qui, dans quelles circonstances et comment. Alors que les résultats issus de la 'grounded theory', de la recherche action et d'autres méthodes de recherche sur les systèmes de santé restent très liés à un contexte, l'évaluation réaliste génère des théories intermédiaires ('middle range theories') qui permettent d'étendre la validité des interprétations au-delà d'un contexte particulier. Construite autour d'études de cas menées dans des contextes multiples et variés, l'évaluation réaliste met en effet l'accent sur l'interaction entre le contexte et la logique d'une intervention.
Résultats
Afin de construire une théorie initiale, nous comparons les systèmes de santé Européens et Africains à l'aide des configurations organisationnelles de Mintzberg (chapitre 3). Nous mettons ainsi en évidence le rôle joué par la nature bureaucratique ou professionnelle de la configuration des organisations de santé dans les résistances à l'introduction des principes du management de la qualité.
Nous menons ensuite une série d'études de cas au Niger, en Guinée, au Maroc et au Zimbabwe pour étudier cette interaction. Dans une première série comparative de trois études de cas (Chapitre 4), nous mettons en évidence la tension qui existe entre la logique de commande et de contrôle des organisations bureaucratiques et la logique de l'assurance qualité valorisant la prise d'initiative de changement par des équipes non hiérarchisées. Nous explorons ensuite cette tension dans trois études de cas distinctes au Zimbabwe et au Maroc. Laissées à la merci des contraintes bureaucratiques, les initiatives locales pour améliorer la qualité apparaissent dépendantes de la capacité des acteurs à développer des stratégies de contournement (Chapitre 6). Faute de quoi elles doivent réduire fortement leurs ambitions à moins qu'elles ne bénéficient d'un soutien émanant d'une institution située hors de la ligne hiérarchique mais reconnue légitime (Chapitre 5). Les systèmes publics de santé de ces pays, conçus comme des organisations bureaucratiques structurées autour de relations hiérarchiques de commande et de contrôle tolèrent une démarche qualité, valorisant l'innovation, la créativité, la prise d'initiative locale et le travail en équipes non hiérarchisées, à la condition qu'elle se déroule à l'abri d'un projet. Force est de constater que ces dimensions clé de la culture qualité n'ont pas fondamentalement ni durablement imprégné des pratiques de management restées bureaucratiques. L'émergence d'une véritable 'culture qualité', un produit attendu de l'introduction de projets qualité, ne semble pas s'être produite au niveau organisationnel (Chapitre 7).
Nous procédons ensuite à la synthèse 'réaliste' de l'ensemble de nos études de cas (Chapitre 8). Nous en tirons les leçons sous la forme d'un enrichissement progressif de notre théorie initiale. Nous pouvons alors formuler une théorie améliorée, toujours intermédiaire et provisoire, dérivée de nos théories intermédiaires successives.
Discussion
Notre discussion s'organise autour de deux thèmes (chapitre 9).
Dans une première partie, nous discutons le potentiel et les limites de nos résultats et de l'approche réaliste de l'évaluation. Nous montrons que nos résultats sont des théories provisoires et incomplètes, deux caractéristiques d'une middle range theory. En dépit de ces limites, l'approche réaliste est potentiellement très riche pour interpréter les effets d'interventions dans des systèmes complexes. Elle se situe dans une perspective d'aide à la décision pour orienter l'action sur le terrain plutôt que dans une perspective de genèse de lois universelles. Elle représente une avancée méthodologique particulièrement pertinente pour la recherche sur les systèmes de santé dans un monde turbulent où de multiples initiatives se télescopent.
Dans une deuxième partie, nous discutons les conséquences de nos résultats pour le futur de l'assurance qualité dans les systèmes de santé. Les projets qualité étudiés ne parviennent pas à changer une culture organisationnelle bureaucratique qui compromet pourtant leur pérennisation. Nous envisageons alors les stratégies susceptibles de permettre à la culture qualité de s'épanouir et au contexte organisationnel d'évoluer en conséquence. Décentralisation et nouveau management public, en vogue hier et aujourd'hui, montrent leurs limites. Il faut probablement trouver un équilibre entre trois idéaux-types décrits par Freidson: l'idéal-type bureaucratique, malmené par les stratégies de débrouille locale, l'idéal-type du marché, valorisant l'initiative, et l'idéal-type professionnel, émergent mais encore embryonnaire en Afrique. Finalement, à côté des mécanismes du contrôle et de la compétition, un troisième mécanisme régulateur devrait prendre toute sa place: la confiance.
Introduction
For nearly two decades in Africa, quality circles, clinical audits, problem solving cycles and other quality projects have been implemented in public health services to improve quality of care. Challenging traditional managerial practices, these projects usually emphasized participatory approaches, local problem solving and change. At short term, evaluation shows improvement in programs and activities output. However the capacity to put quality at the heart of system's management should be considered as the genuine achievement of a quality assurance program. Did quality projects contribute to the adoption of quality management principles by health systems ?This is the question addressed in the present thesis.
Method
Our methodology belongs to the realistic evaluation paradigm conceptualized by Pawson and Tilley and focuses on the interaction between an intervention mechanism and its context in order to understand what works, for whom, in what circumstances and how ?Based on case studies in various contexts in Niger, Guinea, Morocco and Zimbabwe, we build a middle range theory, that explains organizational behavior towards quality management.
Results
Based on Mintzberg's models, we show the role of health care organizational configuration in resisting to quality management principles. We then explore the tension between the bureaucratic organization's command and control approach and the quality assurance approach promoting initiative and change through team work. Local initiative had to develop coping strategies to overcome bureaucratic constraints. Failing to do so, ambitions had to be reduced unless there was support from an external, yet legitimate institution. Public health systems of these countries, structured as command and control hierarchical organizations, allowed innovation, creativity, local initiative and non hierarchical relationships as long as they developed within the boundaries of a project. However, these key characteristics of a quality culture did not permeate routine management. The quality culture shift expected from quality projects does not seem to have happened at organizational level.
Discussion
We first discuss the potential and limitation of realistic evaluation which appear particularly relevant for complex health systems research. We then discuss consequences of our results on the future of quality assurance in health systems. Since quality projects fail to transform a bureaucratic organizational culture, which in turn undermines their sustainability, alternative strategies must be sought to promote quality culture and relevant organizational change. Decentralization and new public management show their limitations. We suggest a balance between three ideal-types described by Freidson: The bureaucratic ideal-type, challenged by local coping strategies, the market ideal-type, which is fashionable today and promote initiative, and the professional ideal-type, emerging and promising, yet still embryonic in Africa.
Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
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Lalouette, Colin. "Apprentissages et couplages dans l'entreprise complexe : le cas de la conception collaborative dans le domaine aéronautique." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00566215.
Full textAbadie, Alain. "Statut de l’autorité et autorité du statut : le personnel de direction dans les établissements secondaires français." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30077.
Full textWhat is an authority on the headmasters, their personalities (auctoritas) or their statuses (potestas) ? What is the position of the management staff toward their Ministry and the personnel in the secondary schools ? What type of management staff does the Ministry require ? What type of authority can work today in a society characterized by the end of the patriarchate ? How can the change from an institutional democracy to a functional one be operated within the framework of Government-owned local secondary schools ?
Vanderroost, Nicolas. "Organisation administrative du bureau de l'agriculture d'Umma à l'époque de la Troisième Dynastie d'Ur." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209602.
Full textL’étude identifie les districts agricoles de la province d’Umma et leurs responsables. Elle définit en outre le nombre de charrues utilisées pour cultiver les terres arables de l’état ainsi que leur répartition par district.
Elle propose enfin dans un deuxième volume une prosopographie des administrateurs de domaines agricoles et des laboureurs.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
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Calvini, Claude. "Île Maurice Évolution sociétale et Structures du mouvement sportif entre Communautés et Communalisme 1945-1985." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00459001.
Full textLe, Bris Sophie. "Improvisation vs (meta)règles : effets sur la fiabilité d'une organisation hautement fiable : le cas d'une équipe passerelle dans la Marine nationale." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01065767.
Full textAverseng, Céline. "Management des processus et réduction de l'équivocité : Un cas d'adaptation d'une organisation industrielle aux contraintes de normalisation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833249.
Full textCauhape, Muriel. "Unité psychiatrique inter-sectorielle départementale (U. P. I. D. ) : une unité pour malades perturbateurs et agités." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23027.
Full textDelvallée, Julien. "La collégialité en droit des sociétés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2017. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247191666.
Full textCollegiality, as the pivotal concept in corporate law, is often limited to the corporate bodies, if not confined to the collective decision-making process. The study tends to go beyond the institutional dimesion of the collegial authority. The aim is to investigate the foundations, the unity, the ambit, the limits and the value of collegiality as both a notion and a practice, in spite of the variety of colleges. To this end, the collegial organization and function should be considered equally. As a result, collegiality means a plurality of persons or colleges (at least two) (1) who, together and equally by conciliated deliberation (2), promote the realization of a collaborative project or the performance of a shared mission (3). However, there are two types of collegiality as defined by the college's unity itself: there are collaborative projects (partners) ; and shared missions or functions (other bodies). The essence and the strength of rights and obligations to each of the members is influenced by what makes the unity of a college. The same thing goes for the way in which the collegial organization functions. It will function in a unitary manner for unilateral establishment and collective acts. A collegial functioning, on the other hand, supposes flexible and adjustable techniques. Finally is collegiality a principle of corporate law ? For the partners this is obvious: collegiality is intrinsic to the group they constitute, to the organization and to their functioning, without having to plan it. For the other bodies the answer may vary. Collegiality is only a principle of organization and functioning if a norm requires it to be
Thuault, Nicolas Cittee Jacques. "Les réseaux de recherche en soins primaires en france en 2007." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2009. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0511174.pdf.
Full textThèse uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 81-87.