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1
Cuffaro, Doretta, Simone Bertini, Marco Macchia, and Maria Digiacomo. "Enhanced Nutraceutical Properties of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extract by Olive Leaf Enrichment." Nutrients 15, no. 5 (February 21, 2023): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15051073.
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(1) Background: Nowadays, the health-promoting properties of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), including the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, are well recognized and mainly attributed to the different polyphenols, such as oleocanthal and oleacein. In EVOO production, olive leaves represent a high value by-product, showing a wide spectrum of beneficial effects due to the presence of polyphenols, especially oleuropein. Here we report the study of olive leaf extract (OLE)-enriched EVOO extracts, obtained by adding different percentages of OLE to EVOO in order to ameliorate their nutraceutical activities. (2) Methods: The polyphenolic content of the EVOO/OLE extracts was analyzed by HPLC and the Folin-Ciocalteau assay. For further biological testing, an 8% OLE-enriched EVOO extract was chosen. Therefore, antioxidant effects were evaluated by three different methods (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP), and the anti-inflammatory properties were assessed in terms of cyclooxygenase activity inhibition. (3) Results: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory profiles of the new EVOO/OLE extract are significantly improved compared to those of EVOO extract; (4) Conclusions: The combination of OLE and EVOO extract can lead to an extract enriched in terms of bioactive polyphenols and endowed with better biological properties than the singular EVOO extract. Therefore, it may represent a new complement in the nutraceutical field.
2
El Dessouky Abdel-Aziz, Mohamed, Mohamed Samir Darwish, Azza H. Mohamed, Ayman Y. El-Khateeb, and Sahar E. Hamed. "Potential Activity of Aqueous Fig Leaves Extract, Olive Leaves Extract and Their Mixture as Natural Preservatives to Extend the Shelf Life of Pasteurized Buffalo Milk." Foods 9, no. 5 (May 11, 2020): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9050615.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves’ extract (FLE), olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves’ extract (OLE), and their mixture (MLE), to extend the shelf life of pasteurized milk. OLE, FLE, and their mixture MLE (1:1) were added to the pasteurized milk in different concentrations (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%). Several tests were then conducted to determine the activity of these extracts. The antioxidant activity as IC50 was determined by using DPPH radical assay. FLE showed higher IC50 (30.21 µg/mL) compared to the IC50 of OLE (22.43 µg/mL). Phenolic compounds were identified by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained with 0.6% concentration. Organoleptic properties indicated that the addition of these extracts did not affect the sensory properties of pasteurized milk. Pasteurized milk treated with 0.6% of FLE, OLE, and MLE has significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) lipase and protease activity during the storage period, at 5 °C. The results indicated that extending the shelf life of pasteurized milk from 5 to 16 days was successfully achieved through using 0.6% of FLE, OLE, and MLE. The combination of the two extracts (MLE) provides an efficient and safe method to prolong the shelf life of pasteurized milk, without altering the properties of pasteurized buffalo milk.
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Al-Baarri, A. N., F. P. Lestari, H. M. Wahda, Widayat, and A. M. Legowo. "Physicochemical properties of vacuum packaged snake fruits in the presence of olive leave extract." Food Research 4, S1 (February 26, 2020): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s1).s37.
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This research was done to investigate the effectiveness of the presence of olive leaf extract in vacuum packaging in maintaining the physicochemical properties of fresh-cut snake fruit under ambient temperature. The snake fruits were vacuum packaged in the presence of 3% (v/w) olive leave extract (OLE) and stored in room temperature for 8 days of storage. The physicochemical properties including color changes, firmness, and total dissolved solid (TDS) were observed. The results indicated that addition olive leaves extract in vacuum packaging gave the best result by inhibiting color changes by declining in total color difference by 10.88, BI 5.08, absorbance 2.750 Ǻ declining in hardness by 14.61% and lowest TDS level. As an alternative method of storing fresh-cut snake fruit under ambient conditions, vacuum packaging containing olive leave extract can be used.
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Breakspear, Ian, and Claudia Guillaume. "A Quantitative Phytochemical Comparison of Olive Leaf Extracts on the Australian Market." Molecules 25, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184099.
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Olive leaf extract (OLE), prepared from the fresh or dried leaves of Olea europaea L., is generating interest as a cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk modifier. Positive effects for the leaf extract and its key phytochemical constituents have been reported on blood pressure, respiratory infections, inflammation, and insulin resistance. A variety of OLE products are available both over-the-counter and for professional dispensing. The aim of this research was to quantitatively explore the phytochemical profile of different OLE products on the Australian market. Ten OLE products available on the Australian market (five over-the-counter products and five products for professional compounding and dispensing) were quantitatively analyzed for oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, oleacein, oleocanthal, total biophenols, maslinic acid, and oleanolic acid, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Substantial variation in oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol levels was noted between extracts, with a trend towards higher oleuropein and lower hydroxytyrosol levels being noted in products produced using the fresh olive leaf as opposed to dry olive leaf. These results suggest that OLE products on the Australian market vary substantially in their phytochemical profiles. Products for professional compounding and dispensing in many cases contained less oleuropein than over-the-counter products, but more hydroxytyrosol and comparable total biophenol levels.
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Ashour, Saleh E., and Naglaa E. Mohamed. "Effect of aqueous extract of olive leaves on some biochemical changes induced by carbon tetrachloride in male rats." Journal of Experimental and Applied Animal Sciences 3, no. 1 (August 28, 2019): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20454/jeaas.2019.1586.
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Olive tree leaves have been widely used in traditional remedies in European and Mediterranean countries and in the human diet as extracts, herbal teas, and powder, which contain several potential bioactive compounds that may have antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. The present study was carried out to evaluate the role of olive leaves extracts (OLE) in ameliorating the metabolic changes in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Forty-eight male rats were classified into six groups; the first group was the control which received 1 ml distilled water, the second group was treated daily with oral dose of cold OLE (1 ml/kg) for one month, the third group was treated daily with oral dose of boiled OLE (1 ml/kg) for one month, the fourth group was treated daily with oral dose of CCl4 (1 ml/kg) for one month, the fifth group was treated with both cold OLE and CCl4 (1 ml/kg for each) for one month and the sixth group was treated with both boiled OLE and CCl4 (1 ml/kg for each) for one month. Serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine, insulin and glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), albumin, total protein, free triiodothyronine (FT3) , free thyroxin (FT4) were measured in serum. Histological examination of hepatic tissue was examined. The results showed that administration of CCl4 to rats induced significant increase (P<0.05) in serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma- glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine, insulin and significant decrease (P<0.05) in glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), albumin, total protein, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxin (FT4). The histological examination of hepatic tissue showed some degenerative changes while significant improvement in biochemical and histological changes was observed either in CCl4 + cold OLE or CCl4 + boiled OLE groups. It could be concluded that the protective effect of olive leaves extract either cold or boiling may be attributed to its antioxidant properties. The obtained results indicated that both cold and boiled olive leaves extract has potent effect to restore the antioxidant status, hepato-renal function, insulin and thyroid hormones near to the control levels.
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Machała, Paulina, Oleksandra Liudvytska, Agnieszka Kicel, Angela Dziedzic, Monika A. Olszewska, and Halina Małgorzata Żbikowska. "Valorization of the Photo-Protective Potential of the Phytochemically Standardized Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaf Extract in UVA-Irradiated Human Skin Fibroblasts." Molecules 27, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 5144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165144.
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Leaves of Olea europaea are a by-product of the olive oil industry and a dietary supplement with acknowledged antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity but underestimated photoprotective potential. We investigated the protective effects of the LC-PDA-MS/MS standardized ethanol-water extract of olive leaves (OLE), containing 26.2% total phenols and 22.2% oleuropein, with underlying mechanisms against the UVA-induced oxidative damage in human dermal fibroblasts. Hs68 cells were pre-treated (24 h) with OLE (2.5–25 μg/mL) or the reference antioxidants, quercetin and ascorbic acid (25 μg/mL), followed by irradiation (8 J/cm2). OLE significantly reduced the UVA-induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and increased the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) expression and post-radiation viability of fibroblasts by inhibiting their apoptosis. Both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways appeared to be inhibited by OLE, but the activity of caspase 9 was the most reduced. We hypothesized that the TrxR up-regulation by OLE could have prevented the UVA-induced apoptosis of Hs68 cells. In addition, a significant decrease in UVA-induced secretion levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was shown in human lymphocyte culture in response to OLE treatment. In summary, our results support the beneficial effect of OLE in an in vitro model and indicate its great potential for use in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry as a topical photoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent.
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Burò, Ilaria, Valeria Consoli, Angela Castellano, Luca Vanella, and Valeria Sorrenti. "Beneficial Effects of Standardized Extracts from Wastes of Red Oranges and Olive Leaves." Antioxidants 11, no. 8 (July 30, 2022): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081496.
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The awareness of the large amount of waste produced along the food chain, starting in the agricultural sector and continuing across industrial transformation to the domestic context, has in recent years also aroused strong concern amongst the public, who are ing about the possible consequences that this could have on environmental sustainability, resource waste and human health. The aim of the present research is the recovery of substances with high added value from waste and by-products typical of the Mediterranean area, such as the residue from the industrial processing of red oranges, called pastazzo (peels, pulps and seeds), which is particularly rich in anthocyanins, flavanones and hydroxycinnamic acids, and has numerous nutraceutical properties, as well as the olive leaves coming from olive-tree pruning, which are rich in substances such as oleuropein, elenolic acid, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and rutin. The effect of Red Orange Extract (ROE) and Olive Leaf Extract (OLE) on HepG2 fatty storage capacity was assessed performing Oil Red O’ staining, and antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated following the steatosis model onset. Based on the results obtained, the preparation of natural extracts that are derived from these waste products can be useful for preventing, counteracting or delaying the onset of the complications of fatty liver disease, such as hepatic steatosis.
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De la Ossa, Felice, Azimi, Salsano, Digiacomo, Macchia, Danti, and Di Stefano. "Waste Autochthonous Tuscan Olive Leaves (Olea europaea var. Olivastra seggianese) as Antioxidant Source for Biomedicine." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 5918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235918.
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Olive leaf extract (OLE) can be obtained as biowaste and is extensively used a food supplement and an over-the-counter drug for its beneficial effects. New studies have investigated OLE concerning the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. This in vitro study aims to evaluate if OLE extracted from the Tuscan Olea europaea protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods: OLE total polyphenols (TPs) were characterized by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Endothelial cells were grown in conventional cultures (i.e., two-dimensional, 2D) and on a biomaterial scaffold (i.e., three-dimensional, 3D) fabricated via electrospinning. Cell viability and ROS measurement after H2O2 insults were performed. Results: OLE TP content was 23.29 mg GAE/g, and oleuropein was the principal compound. The dose-dependent viability curve highlighted the absence of significant cytotoxic effects at OLE concentrations below 250 µg/mL TPs. By using OLE preconditioning at 100 µg/mL, cell viability decrease was observed, being in 3D lower than in the 2D model. OLE was protective against ROS in both models. Conclusions: OLE represents a high-value antioxidant source obtained by biowaste that is interesting for biomedical products. Using a 3D scaffold could be the best predictive model to mimic the physiological conditions of vascular tissue reaction.
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Al-Ghareebawi, A. M., B. N. Al-Okaily, and O. M. S. Ibrahim. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY OLEA EUROPAEA LEAVES EXTRACT (PART L)." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, no. 3 (June 19, 2021): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i3.1345.
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The current study was aimed to synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using aqueous extract of olive leaves (OLE), which is very simple and eco-friendly method. ZnONPs were formed by dissolving of OLE in zinc oxide solution with adjusted pH to 12. Zinc acetate dehydrate reduced to ZnONPs during mixing with OLE associated with change of the color solution from white to pale yellow color within a few minutes. The synthesized OLEZnONPs were separated by centrifugation (4000rpm/ 5min) , then characterized by Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) methods. The results of FT-IR showed that the functional group related to Zn-O at (433.98 to 416.67 cm_1), whereas X-RD at 2 theta diagnose the type of oxide formation as ZnO and determined particle size in range (20 – 30 nm). Besides, SEM image was showed the presence of hexagonal shape of ZnO nanoparticles (42.87nm). Therefore, the biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Olea Europaea leaves was simple, low coast, can be an alternative to chemical synthesis and the possibility of using in biomedicine field
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Musella, Enrica, Ismael Chahed el Ouazzani, Ana Rita Mendes, Cesare Rovera, Stefano Farris, Cristina Mena, Paula Teixeira, and Fátima Poças. "Preparation and Characterization of Bioactive Chitosan-Based Films Incorporated with Olive Leaves Extract for Food Packaging Applications." Coatings 11, no. 11 (October 31, 2021): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111339.
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Chitosan films with olive leaf extract (OLE) incorporated at different concentrations were characterized regarding their antimicrobial, antioxidant and some relevant physical properties (i.e., solubility, water vapor permeability, and tensile properties). Results indicate that the active films have substantial antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter jejuni mostly extending the microorganisms lag phase. A lower level of inhibition was found in the case of Escherichia coli. However, the OLE seems not to improve the intrinsic antimicrobial properties of the chitosan itself, except for C. jejuni. These results were confirmed with in situ testing using chicken. The chitosan films with OLE exhibited antioxidant activity, increasing with the OLE concentration, from 0.04 to 0.15 g/L ascorbic acid equivalents, corresponding to films with 10%–30% OLE relative to the chitosan. Chitosan films loaded with OLE exhibited a higher solubility in food simulants and a reduced permeability against water vapor. Overall, the combination of OLE and chitosan allows to obtain a promising active bio-based packaging solution for addressing safety and quality issues.
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Marazzeq, Khalid Al, Malik Haddadin, Basem Al Abdullah, and Malak Angor. "Effect of Nitrite Substitution with Olive Leaves Extract on Color and Sensory Properties of Beef Mortadella." Journal of Agricultural Science 7, no. 12 (November 8, 2015): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v7n12p120.
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<p>Six mortadella treatments were prepared for studying the effect of olive leaf extract (OLE) at a level of 240 mg OLE/100 g meat as nitrite alternative on the color and sensory characteristics. These treatments were: control with the addition of 120 ppm sodium nitrite only, and the second one with the addition of 240 mg OLE/100 g meat but without the addition of sodium nitrite as a negative control, the other four treatments were combination of 240 mg OLE/100 g meat with 80, 60, 40 and 20 ppm sodium nitrite, respectively. All samples were stored at 5 °C for 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks.<strong></strong></p><p>There were no significance differences (P > 0.05) between all mortadella treatments regarding their proximate parameters.<strong> </strong>Hunter lightness (<em>L</em>), redness (<em>a</em>), and yellowness (<em>b</em>) color, and sensory attributes including the appearance, color, tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall acceptability showed that 80 and 60 ppm nitrite in combination with OLE at 240 mg/100 g meat had the best results in comparison with the other four treatments indicating an additive combined effect of the OLE with nitrite that enhanced mortadella characteristics.</p><p>These results revealed the ability to substitute 50% of the used nitrite in mortadella stored at 5 °C when using combinations of 60 ppm nitrite with 240 mg OLE/100 g meat.</p>
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Machado, Noelia D., Cristina Cejudo-Bastante, María L. Goñi, Nicolás A. Gañán, Lourdes Casas-Cardoso, and Casimiro Mantell-Serrano. "Screening of the Supercritical Impregnation of Olea europaea Leaves Extract into Filaments of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) Intended for Biomedical Applications." Antioxidants 11, no. 6 (June 14, 2022): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061170.
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The leaves of Olea europaea as agricultural waste represent a convenient source of antioxidants. In combination with supercritical CO2 (scCO2), assisted impregnation is an interesting strategy for the preparation of biomedical devices with specific bioactivity. For this purpose, 3D-printable filaments of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polylactic acid (PLA) were employed for the supercritical impregnation of ethanolic olive leaves extract (OLE) for biomedical application. The extraction of OLE was performed using pressurized liquids. The effect of pressure (100–400 bar), temperature (35–55 °C), and the polymer type on the OLE impregnation and the swelling degree were studied including a morphological analysis and the measurement of the final antioxidant activity. All the studied variables as well as their interactions showed significant effects on the OLE loading. Higher temperatures favored the OLE loading while the pressure presented opposite effects at values higher than 250 bar. Thus, the highest OLE loadings were achieved at 250 bar and 55 °C for both polymers. However, TPU showed c.a. 4 times higher OLE loading and antioxidant activity in comparison with PLA at the optimal conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report using TPU for the supercritical impregnation of a natural extract with bioactivity.
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Ahmed, Moustafa Tawfik. "Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Efficiency of Olive Leaves Extract and Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles using Electrochemical Method." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 15 (February 19, 2019): 6152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v15i0.8070.
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The present work involves the improvement of chitosan-olive leaves extract and silver nanoparticles (Cs-OLE-AgNPs) using electrochemical approach followed by UV-irradiation reduction. The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was characterized via UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), EDX, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Swelling. The obtained nanoparticles average size was 36.19 nm. UV Spectroscopy show increase of peaks at 320 and 345 nm indicate the formation of a large cluster of AgNPs. Cs-OLE and Cs-OLE-AgNPs also demon started a relativity high antibacterial against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. AgNPs show broadspectrum antibacterial activity at lower concentration (0.56%) and may be regarded as a good alternative therapeutic approach in the future.
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De Cicco, Paola, Maria Maisto, Gian Carlo Tenore, and Angela Ianaro. "Olive Leaf Extract, from Olea europaea L., Reduces Palmitate-Induced Inflammation via Regulation of Murine Macrophages Polarization." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 3663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123663.
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Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves are an abundant source of bioactive compounds with several beneficial effects for human health. Recently, the effect of olive leaf extract in obesity has been studied. However, the molecular mechanism in preventing obesity-related inflammation has not been elucidated. Obesity is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with an increase of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages infiltration in the adipose tissue. In the current study, we explored Olea europaea L. leaf extract (OLE) anti-inflammatory activity using an in vitro model of obesity-induced inflammation obtained by stimulating murine macrophages RAW 264.7 with high dose of the free fatty acid palmitate. We found that OLE significantly suppressed the induction of pro-inflammatory mediators, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while it enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Moreover, we demonstrated that OLE reduced the oxidative stress induced by palmitate in macrophages by regulating the NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)−Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway. Finally, we showed that OLE promoted the shift of M1 macrophage toward less inflammatory M2-cells via the modulation of the associated NF-κB and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathways. Thereby, our findings shed light on the potential therapeutic feature of OLE in recovering obesity-associated inflammation via regulating M1/M2 status.
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Giacometti, Jasminka, Gordana Žauhar, and Marta Žuvić. "Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Major Phenolic Compounds from Olive Leaves (Olea europaea L.) Using Response Surface Methodology." Foods 7, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods7090149.
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The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oleuropein (OLE), verbascoside (VER), and luteolin-4′-O-glucoside (L4OG), as the major phenolics from olive leaves, was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to monitor the effect of different modes of ultrasound operation (pulsed and continuous), liquid–solid (L–S) ratio, and sonication time on each phenolic yield. The yield of UAE and conventional solid extraction (CSE) was determined after performing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (UHPLC-DAD) analysis on the extracts. The results suggested that, under optimal conditions, the concentrations of OLE, VER, and L4OG were 13.386, 0.363, and 0.527 mg/g of dry powdered olive leaves (DPOL), respectively. Verification of experiments was carried out under the modified optimal conditions and the relative errors between the predicted and experimental values were dependent on the examined phenolic compound (OLE 8.63%, VER 11.3%, and L4OG 22.48%). In comparison with CSE, UAE improved the yields of OLE, VER, and L4OG (32.6%, 41.8%, and 47.5%, respectively, after 1 min) at a temperature of 60 °C, an L–S ratio of 15 (v/w), and in the continuous mode of UAE. We demonstrated that the UAE technique is an efficient method for enhancing yields of OLE, VER, and L4OG in olive-leaf extracts, while the chosen model was adequate to optimize the extraction of major phenolic compounds from olive leaves.
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Afify, A. M. R., H. S. El-Beltagi, S. A. Fayed, and A. E. El-Ansary. "In vivo correlation of olive leaves extract on some oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats." Grasas y Aceites 69, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.1104172.
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Diabetes mellitus type two (T2DM) is one of the most extensive diseases in the world. Herbal therapy remains a possible adjunct therapy to sustain better glycemic control and reduce complications arising from diabetes. In order to evaluate the curative impacts of olive leaf extract (OLE) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, twenty-four Wistar male adult rats were divided into four equal groups; control, diabetic control (45 mg/kg STZ), normal rats treated with OLE (17.8 mg/kg b.wt.), and diabetic rats treated with OLE (45 mg/kg STZ + 17.8 mg/kg b.wt.). The OLE extract was investigated for in vitro antioxidant activity using the DPPH• assay. The phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents were determined. The activity of GPX, SOD, and GSH in RBC lysate, CAT in plasma and MDA in serum were measured. The OLE prevented the decrease in GSH and kept MDA around the normal range in the treated diabetic rats. The current study suggests that OLE might be used safely to ameliorate T2DM and its accompanying oxidative stress.
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Ahmad, Sultan, Shah Dawran, Islam Uddin, Sajid Ali, Hazrat Bilal, and Rabia Quraishi. "The Hepatoprotective Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Diabetic Pregnant Mice and Their Fetuses." Journal of Biology and Life Science 8, no. 2 (August 9, 2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v8i2.11250.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and fetal abnormality development. This study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect and hepatoprotective properties of olive leaves extract.The experimental mice divided into not diabetic group, the control group (GI), and the diabetic pregnant mice were divided into: the diabetic pregnant group (GII) single intraperitoneal injected by streptozotocine (STZ, 240mg/Kg b.wt.). The pregnant mice were given a daily oral dose of olive leaf extract (OLE) only (100 mg/kg) from day 1 to 18 of gestation group (GIII). The diabetic pregnant mice were given daily oral dose of olive leaf extract from day 1 to day 18 of gestation, group (GIV). The STZ-induced diabetic group(GII) exhibited a significant (p<0.05) hyperglycemia, accompanied with a significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme activitieswhen compared with control group. This result is confirmed with extreme histopathological changes in liver tissues and decreased in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression. A significant improvement in glucose level, serum AST and ALT enzyme activities showed in (GIV). Also, OLE succeeded to minimize the severe changes in liver tissues of diabetic pregnant mice and their fetuses. Furthermore, level of (GPx) was returned to near normal level. The findings suggest that OLE have a hepatoprotective effect on pregnant diabetic mice and their fetus.
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A. Mohammed, Hend, Mohammed S. Aleissaa, Aziza H. Mohamady, Mona A. Ibrahim, and Nahid M. Emam. "The Hepatoprotective Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Diabetic Pregnant Mice and Their Fetuses." Journal of Biology and Life Science 8, no. 2 (August 18, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v8i2.11560.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined as is a disease with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and fetal abnormality development. This study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect and hepatoprotective properties of olive leaves extract.The experimental mice divided into, the control group GI (not diabetic group), and the diabetic pregnant mice groups were divided into: the diabetic pregnant group (GII) single intraperitoneal injected by streptozotocine (STZ, 240mg/Kg b.wt.). The pregnant mice were given a daily oral dose of olive leaf extract (OLE) only (100 mg/kg) from day 1 to 18 of gestation group (GIII). The diabetic pregnant mice were given daily oral dose of olive leaf extract from day 1 to day 18 of gestation, group (GIV). The STZ-induced diabetic group(GII) exhibited a significant (p<0.05) hyperglycemia, accompanied with a significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme activitieswhen compared with control group. This result is confirmed with extreme histopathological changes in liver tissues and decreased in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression. A significant improvement in glucose level, serum AST and ALT enzyme activities showed in (GIV). Also, OLE succeeded to minimize the severe changes in liver tissues of diabetic pregnant mice and their fetuses. Furthermore, level of (GPx) was returned to near normal level. The findings suggest that OLE have a hepatoprotective effect on pregnant diabetic mice and their fetus.
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Himour, S., A. Yahia, and H. Belattar. "Oleuropein and Antibacterial Activities of Olea europaea L. Leaf Extract." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 6 (February 28, 2017): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n6p342.
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In this study, we reported the determination of phenolic compounds in olive leaves by reversed phase HPLC/DAD and the evaluation of their in vitro activity against several microorganisms. These organisms might however, be causal agents of human intestinal and respiratory tract infections. Extract of the leaves of two varieties of Olea europaea L. (Chemlel and Dathier) was investigated for antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria. Leaves extract was prepared using water and methanol (20/80) in a cold extraction process. The tested bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus .The extracts were found to be effective against all isolates tests. Ethanolic extract at a concentration of 100 % presented the highest potential of inhibiting variety of Dathier against S.aureus .This is with an inhibition zone of 17.49 mm and 15.66 mm for the variety Chemlel against S.aureus. The high Oleuropein content and the important antibacterial activities of olive leaves extract could be useful sources for industrial extraction and pharmacological application.
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Morandi, Fabio, Veronica Bensa, Enzo Calarco, Fabio Pastorino, Patrizia Perri, Maria Valeria Corrias, Mirco Ponzoni, and Chiara Brignole. "The Olive Leaves Extract Has Anti-Tumor Effects against Neuroblastoma through Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (June 24, 2021): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072178.
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Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor of pediatric age. The prognosis for high-risk NB patients remains poor, and new treatment strategies are desirable. The olive leaf extract (OLE) is constituted by phenolic compounds, whose health beneficial effects were reported. Here, the anti-tumor effects of OLE were investigated in vitro on a panel of NB cell lines in terms of (i) reduction of cell viability; (ii) inhibition of cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest; (iii) induction of apoptosis; and (iv) inhibition of cell migration. Furthermore, cytotoxicity experiments, by combining OLE with the chemotherapeutic topotecan, were also performed. OLE reduced the cell viability of NB cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner in 2D and 3D models. NB cells exposed to OLE underwent inhibition of cell proliferation, which was characterized by an arrest of the cell cycle progression in G0/G1 phase and by the accumulation of cells in the sub-G0 phase, which is peculiar of apoptotic death. This was confirmed by a dose-dependent increase of Annexin V+ cells (peculiar of apoptosis) and upregulation of caspases 3 and 7 protein levels. Moreover, OLE inhibited the migration of NB cells. Finally, the anti-tumor efficacy of the chemotherapeutic topotecan, in terms of cell viability reduction, was greatly enhanced by its combination with OLE. In conclusion, OLE has anti-tumor activity against NB by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration and by inducing apoptosis.
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de Oliveira, Natália M., Lara Lopes, Maria Helena Chéu, Eugénio Soares, Diana Meireles, and Jorge Machado. "Updated Mineral Composition and Potential Therapeutic Properties of Different Varieties of Olive Leaves from Olea europaea." Plants 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040916.
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Olea europaea L. folium has been studied for its potential nutraceutical properties. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on samples of Madural, Verdeal, and Cobrançosa elementary leaves and leave sprouts (mamões) collected in the region of Valpaços, Portugal. Mineral analysis determined the measurements of the levels of several macro- and micro-elements based on ICP-MS techniques. The inorganic analysis in this work allowed us to propose olive leaf extract (OLE) from different cultivars as a viable and affordable source of mineral substrates to address disorders related to essential elements such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Cu deficiencies. Given the importance of the research on novel therapies, finding a suitable substrate for extracting quality amounts of mineral is a priority. The physiological influence of enzymes dependent on minerals with regard to neuroinflammatory and neurobehavioral, metabolic, cardiovascular, osteodegenerative, anti-aging, pulmonary, and immunological defense disorders might dictate the importance of further research for designing supplementation based on the nutraceutical potential of OLE of these cultivars predominant in the northern region of Portugal.
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Rashed, Khaled. "Phytocontent and Biological effects of Olea europaea: A Review." Plantae Scientia 5, no. 2 (April 9, 2022): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v5i2.36-44.
Full textAbstract:
Olive tree (Olea europaea L., Oleaceae) leaves have been widely used in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and treat various diseases especially in Mediterranean countries. They contain several potentially bioactive com-pounds that may have hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. Olea europaea is commonly known as Zaitoon. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Romans and other Mediterranean nations cultivated olives for its edible fruits and to obtain oil from them. Leaves of the tree became important when olive leaf extract was reported to be potent in reducing incidence of degenerative diseases, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD) and cancers of the breast, skin, and colon. Olive leaves have the highest antioxidant power among the different parts of the olive tree. While in olive fruit, phenols (e.g. TYR) and terpenoid hydrocarbon (squalene) are the major components found in the oil. Much research has been carried out on the medical applications of olive. The choice of the plant was based on the good previous biological study of Olea europaea. Interest to choose this plant, may have been due to the widespread use of olive species medicinally, food industry and cosmetics.
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Lockyer, Stacey, Giulia Corona, Parveen Yaqoob, Jeremy P. E. Spencer, and Ian Rowland. "Secoiridoids delivered as olive leaf extract induce acute improvements in human vascular function and reduction of an inflammatory cytokine: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 1 (June 8, 2015): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515001269.
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The leaves of the olive plant (Olea europaea) are rich in polyphenols, of which oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol (HT) are most characteristic. Such polyphenols have been demonstrated to favourably modify a variety of cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present intervention was to investigate the influence of olive leaf extract (OLE) on vascular function and inflammation in a postprandial setting and to link physiological outcomes with absorbed phenolics. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, acute intervention trial was conducted with eighteen healthy volunteers (nine male, nine female), who consumed either OLE (51 mg oleuropein; 10 mg HT), or a matched control (separated by a 4-week wash out) on a single occasion. Vascular function was measured by digital volume pulse (DVP), while blood collected at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 h was cultured for 24 h in the presence of lipopolysaccharide in order to investigate effects on cytokine production. Urine was analysed for phenolic metabolites by HPLC. DVP-stiffness index andex vivoIL-8 production were significantly reduced (P< 0·05) after consumption of OLE compared to the control. These effects were accompanied by the excretion of several phenolic metabolites, namely HT and oleuropein derivatives, which peaked in urine after 8–24 h. The present study provides the first evidence that OLE positively modulates vascular function and IL-8 productionin vivo, adding to growing evidence that olive phenolics could be beneficial for health.
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Mahmoudi, Asma, Fatma Hadrich, Ines Feki, Hela Ghorbel, Zouhaier Bouallagui, Rim Marrekchi, Hela Fourati, and Sami Sayadi. "Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol rich extracts from olive leaves attenuate liver injury and lipid metabolism disturbance in bisphenol A-treated rats." Food & Function 9, no. 6 (2018): 3220–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8fo00248g.
Full textAbstract:
OLE and HYT olive leaves rich extracts possess hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects against BPA-induced metabolic disorders by enhancing the antioxidative defense system and regulation of important signaling pathway activities.
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Sara, Himour, Belhain Hayat, and Bouketta Mehbouba. "Anticoagulant Activities of Olea Europaea Leaves and Fruit Extract." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 30 (October 31, 2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n30p90.
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The objective of this study is the evaluation of the anticoagulant activity of polyphenols obtained from extracts of the leaves, and fruits of olive (Olea europaea L.) of four varieties cultivated in the station Maazouzi Lakhdar (Mila, Algeria). The anticoagulant activity of the polyphenolic extracts, of the leaves and fruits of olive have been evaluated in vitro, using the test of Quick time (QT). The values of clotting time a showed a surprising anticoagulant activity on the exogenous pathway of coagulation, significant in the case of leaves and fruits of the Chemlel variety.
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BEN MANSOUR-GUEDDES, Samia, Dhouha SAIDANA-NAIJA, Ameni BCHIR, and Mohamed BRAHAM. "Climate change effects on phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of Olea europaea." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 436–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha48111615.
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To tolerate water shortage and high temperature, olive cv. ‘Meski’, the main variety of table olives in Tunisia, developed several biochemical changes. The hereby study focused on the adaptation of the olive tree to the climatic conditions, considering the evaluation of phenolic compounds, chlorophylls, carotenoids, saponin and steroid synthesis, as well as the evaluation of the antioxidant activity. The analyses were made upon fresh leaves collected from three coastal areas of Tunisia (North (sub-humid), center (higher semi-arid) and South (lower arid)) and using different leaves’ extracts. The results emphasized that Southern ‘Meski’ trees had leaves with more polyphenols, flavonoids, o-diphenols and tannins compared with the Northern ones. From the North to the South, ‘Meski’ leaves showed an increase of carotenoids and a decrease of chlorophyll a and b contents. The highest level of antioxidant compounds of Southern leaves could be contributed to reduce the oxidative stress of the olive tree. The spectrophotometric analysis of the antioxidant capacity of leaves collected from central and Southern areas, based on DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activity, showed a higher value of antioxidant activity than the Northern ones, at different extract concentrations. Therefore, the increase of the analyzed bioactive compounds can be considered as a response of the tree to surround aggressions and to oppose the oxidative stress that results from the severity of climatic conditions, characteristic of the Southern area.
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Fabiano, Angela, Chiara Migone, Luca Cerri, Anna Maria Piras, Andrea Mezzetta, Giuseppantonio Maisetta, Semih Esin, Giovanna Batoni, Rossella Di Stefano, and Ylenia Zambito. "Combination of Two Kinds of Medicated Microparticles Based on Hyaluronic Acid or Chitosan for a Wound Healing Spray Patch." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 12 (December 18, 2021): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122195.
Full textAbstract:
Olive leaves extract (OLE) has been extensively studied as antioxidant and antibiotic and these characteristics make it particularly interesting for use on wounds. For this reason, the aim of this study was to introduce OLE in microparticles (MP) of hyaluronic acid (MPHA-OLE) or chitosan (MPCs-OLE) to obtain a spray patch for the treatment of wounds in anatomical areas that are difficult to protect with traditional patches. The MP were characterized for particle size and ability to protect OLE from degradation, to absorb water from wound exudate, to control OLE release from MP. The MPHA and MPCs medicated or not and mixtures of the two types in different proportions were studied in vitro on fibroblasts by the scratch wound healing assay. The MP size was always less than 5 µm, and therefore, suitable for a spray patch. The MPCs-OLE could slow down the release of OLE therefore only about 60% of the polyphenols contained in it were released after 4 h. Both MPHA and MPCs could accelerate wound healing. A 50% MPHA-OLE-50% MPCs-OLE blend was the most suitable for accelerating wound healing. The MPHA-OLE-MPCs-OLE blends studied in this work were shown to have the characteristics suitable for a spray patch, thus giving a second life to the waste products of olive growers.
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Abdullah, B. N., K. K. Khudiar, and B. S. Toma. "Diuretic effects of aqueous extract of Olive Leaves (Olea europea) in adult male rats." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 27, no. 1 (June 28, 2003): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v27i1.1096.
Full textAbstract:
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of olive leaves (Olea europea) on kidney functions. Eighteen adult male rats
three equal groups placed individually in were randomly divided in to metabolic cages and were handled as follows: group (C) served as control group; rats in group (T1) were intubated (90 mg/kg B.W.) of aqueous extract of
group T2 were intubated (0.8 mg/kg B.W.) of olive leaves and rats in ammuretic. Blood and urine samples were collected after 24 hours of
significant increase in urinary output intubation. The results showed a
ions and potassium urinary sodium increase in an
by accompanied concentration in the olive leaves treated group only. Creatinine clearance (as an
for glomerular filtration rate) increased significantly in both treated index groups, it is concluded that olive leaves extract may cause its diuretic effect by. increasing the glomerulor filtration rate.
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Zam, Wissam. "Effect of Alginate and Chitosan Edible Coating Enriched with Olive Leaves Extract on the Shelf Life of Sweet Cherries (Prunus avium L.)." Journal of Food Quality 2019 (July 24, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8192964.
Full textAbstract:
Edible film coatings are widely used as a protective barrier for the reduction of transpiration and respiration, therefore reducing the ripening process in fruits and vegetables and improving their quality. The influence of chitosan 1% and alginate 3% enriched with olive leaves extract (OLE) on the quality of sweet cherries was studied. Overall, the ripening process and the increase in anthocyanins were found to be delayed with the use of coating particularly those composed of chitosan in combination with OLE. Ascorbic acid and total phenolic contents were recorded with restricted loss at the end of 20 days of storage in both chitosan- and alginate-coated samples enriched with OLE. Higher values of antioxidant activity expressed as the percentage inhibition of DPPH were reported in correlation with phytochemical content. It could be concluded that chitosan and alginate coating enriched with OLE could be efficient for prolonging the shelf life of sweet cherries.
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Magrone, Thea, Anna Spagnoletta, Rosaria Salvatore, Manrico Magrone, Francesco Dentamaro, Matteo A. Russo, Graziana Difonzo, Carmine Summo, Francesco Caponio, and Emilio Jirillo. "Olive Leaf Extracts Act as Modulators of the Human Immune Response." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 18, no. 1 (December 12, 2017): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530317666171116110537.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Olive tree leaves have been used in the Mediterranean area as traditional medicine in virtue of their healthy effects. Olive leaf extracts (OLEs) contain higher amounts of polyphenols than those detected in the extra virgin olive oil and fruit. Several lines of evidence support the cardioprotective, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities exerted by OLEs. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from twenty-five healthy donors were cultured in the presence of 3 µg of two OLE extracts, extract A (resuspended in water) and extract B (resuspended in 70% ethanol). After harvesting, cell pellets were used for cytofluorimetric phenotyping, while supernatants were assayed for cytokine release by means of ELISA. Furthermore, in the same supernatants nitric oxide (NO) content was determined. Results: Both extracts, but especially extract A, increased absolute numbers of CD8+ and natural killer (NK) cells. In addition, an increased production of interferon (IFN)-γ by both extracts as an expression of T helper (h)1 activation was observed. Finally, both extracts enhanced NO release. Conclusion: OLEs, and mostly extract A, are able to in vitro modify healthy human immune response by increasing IFN-γ production which seems to be associated to the higher absolute numbers of CD8+ and NK cells and this may suggest a reinforcement of the anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, increased levels of NO may indicate the potential cardioprotective effects exerted by OLEs in virtue of their vasodilation dependent activity. Finally, OLEs are able to maintain the equilibrium between T regulatory cells and Th17 cells as evidenced by unmodified levels of interleukin (IL)-IL-10 and IL-17, respectively. In the light of these results, OLEs are potential therapeutic compounds for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease, also preventing cardiovascular event outcome.
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Ruzzolini, Jessica, Silvia Peppicelli, Elena Andreucci, Francesca Bianchini, Arianna Scardigli, Annalisa Romani, Giancarlo la Marca, Chiara Nediani, and Lido Calorini. "Oleuropein, the Main Polyphenol of Olea europaea Leaf Extract, Has an Anti-Cancer Effect on Human BRAF Melanoma Cells and Potentiates the Cytotoxicity of Current Chemotherapies." Nutrients 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121950.
Full textAbstract:
Oleuropein (Ole), a secoiridoid glucoside present in Olea europaea leaves, gained scientific interest thanks to its several biological properties, including the anticancer one. We verified whether Ole might potentiate the cytotoxicity of conventional drugs used to treat melanoma, disclosing a potentially new therapeutic strategy. We tested the cytotoxic action of Ole alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics on A375 human melanoma cells. We found that Ole was able, at a dose of 500 µM, to stimulate apoptosis, while at a non-toxic dose of 250 µM, it affected cell proliferation and induced the downregulation of the pAKT/pS6 pathway. A dose of 250 µM Ole did not potentiate the effect of Vemurafenib (PLX4032), but it succeeded in increasing the cytotoxic effect of Dacarbazine (DTIC). The major effect was found in the association between Ole and Everolimus (RAD001), also on PLX4032-resistant BRAF melanoma cells, which possibly cooperate in the inhibition of the pAKT/pS6 pathway. Of interest, an olive leaf extract enriched in equimolar Ole was more effective and able to further improve DTIC and RAD001 efficacy on BRAF melanoma cells with respect to Ole alone. Therefore, Ole represents a natural product able to potentiate a wide array of chemotherapeutics against BRAF melanoma cells affecting the pAKT/pS6 pathway.
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Miloradovic, Zoran, Maja Gvozdenov, Djurdjica Jovovic, Nevena Mihailovic-Stanojevic, Milan Ivanov, Una Vajic, Danijela Karanovic, Sladjan Milanovic, and Jelica Grujic-Milanovic. "Effect of Olea europea L. leaf extract on haemodynamic status and lipid peroxidation in spontaneously hypertensive rats." Veterinarski glasnik 67, no. 5-6 (2013): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1306303m.
Full textAbstract:
Hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiovascular disorders and since ancient times olive tree leaves have been used in its therapy. However the mechanisms of their atihypertensive effect have not been sufficiently explained yet. The main objective of our study was to investigate acute effect of olive tree leaves extract on haemodynamics and lipid peroxidation in rats with congenital hypertension under normal and blocked synthesis of nitric oxide. For the purpose of our research, there were used olive tree leaf extract EFLA? 943 as well as inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase enzyme L-NAME. Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition led to statistically significant increase of mean arterial pressure, reducing heart rate and cardiac output, increase of total vascular resistance and lipid peroxidation in plasma. Treatment by olive leaf extract led to decrease of mean arterial pressure, reducing the frequency and cardiac output, without change in lipid peroxidation. Olive leaf extract under blockade of nitric oxide led to decrease of mean arterial pressure, total peripheral resistance remained high, cardiac output low, and lipid peroxidation significantly increased. General conclusion is that olive leaf extract has a strong antihypertensive effect, decreases cardiac pre and after load and does not influence lipid peroxidation. Under blockade of nitric oxide synthesis, this extract keeps antihypertensive properties, but due to strong endothelial dysfunction, it is unable to regulate increased total peripheral resistance and marked lipid peroxidation.
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Boudouh, Djahida, Rabia Ikram, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Hendrik Simon Cornelis Metselaar, Djamel Hamana, and George Kenanakis. "Synthesis, Characterization and Filtration Properties of Ecofriendly Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Derived from Olive Leaves Extract." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 4306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154306.
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Recently, value-added nanomaterials including nanoparticles or nanofluids have been significantly used in designing drilling fluids with tunable rheological properties to meet specific downhole and environmental requirements. In this work, we report novel water-based drilling fluids (WBDF) containing eco-friendly Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) prepared by using olive leaves extract (OLE) as a reducing and capping agent. A series of economical and excellent performance of WBDF was obtained by introducing low, medium, and high concentrations of Fe3O4-NPs into the conventional WBDF. The synthesis of Fe3O4-NPs was accomplished through the thermal decomposition of iron precursors in an organic medium. NPs were added to the based fluid at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 0.5 wt%. Emission scanning microscopy (FESEM), field- and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were used for Fe3O4-NPs analysis. Compared to the conventional WBDF, the addition of Fe3O4-NPs as an additive in the based fluids has been investigated to help increasing viscosity and yield point, which is advantageous for hole cleaning, as well as decreasing fluid loss and mud cake thickness.
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Hinad, Ibrahim, Youssef S’hih, Radia El Gui, Aboubaker Elhessni, Abdelhalim Mesfioui, and Moulay laarbi Ouahidi. "Acute and subacute toxicity study of the methanolic extract of olea europea.L leaves in Wistar rat." E3S Web of Conferences 319 (2021): 01094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131901094.
Full textAbstract:
Olea europea.L (olive tree) is a plant widely used in the world. Its leaves have an extensive use in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and/or treat several diseases especially in Mediterranean regions. Despite this, research into the study of its toxicity is very limited in the literature. For this, this study aims to study the acute and subacute toxicity of methanolic extract olive leaves in Wistar rats. To study acute toxicity, four dose levels (50,300,2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight) were tested by single oral administration to Wistar rats. The subacute toxicity for 28 days was conducted by daily oral administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves at doses 1000,2000 and 3000 mg/kg in rats Wistar. After fourteen days of the administration of escalating doses, no deaths were recorded in the animals and no clinically detectable signs were observed. The results of subacute toxicity showed that the body weight of rats was not significantly changed by administration of methanolic extract of olive leaves. Monitoring of the behavior of the rats during the study showed the appearance of some manifestations of tremor, agitation and diarrhea in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. Grosse examination of the kidneys and liver revealed no changes in those organs and histopathological examination showed congestion and inflammation of the fat in rats treated with the dose of 3000mg/kg. the hematological profile showed no significant changes of the measured hematological parameters. Olive leaves should be used with care and caution since its methanolic extract caused some signs of toxicity and may affect the liver at repeated dose. however, more studies are needed to verify and clarify the toxic aspect of olea europea.L leaves.
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Fki, Ines, Sami Sayadi, Asma Mahmoudi, Ines Daoued, Rim Marrekchi, and Hela Ghorbel. "Comparative Study on Beneficial Effects of Hydroxytyrosol- and Oleuropein-Rich Olive Leaf Extracts on High-Fat Diet-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disturbance and Liver Injury in Rats." BioMed Research International 2020 (January 8, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1315202.
Full textAbstract:
Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, as major compounds of olive leaves, have been reported to exert numerous pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the protective effect of oleuropein- and hydroxytyrosol-rich extracts, derived from olive leaves, on high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism disturbance and liver injury in rats. In this respect, four groups of male rats (8 per group) were used: control group (Control), group treated with high-fat diet (HFD), group treated with HFD and oleuropein (HFD + OLE), and group treated with HFD and hydroxytyrosol (HFD + HYD). The current research showed that the treatment with the HFD increased the body weight and adipose tissue mass in male rats. Moreover, the plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT, LDH, and TNF-α were also raised. The hepatic immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of inflammatory genes (COX-2, NF-κB, and TNF-α). Equally, it showed a rise of the apoptotic markers (a decrease in the expression of the Bcl-2 and an increase of the P53). In addition, the oral administration of oleuropein- and hydroxytyrosol-rich olive leaf extracts at 16 mg/kg similarly reduced the body weight and adipose tissue mass and improved the lipid profile. Moreover, these extracts, mainly the hydroxytyrosol-rich extract, reduced the elevated liver enzymes, enhanced the antioxidant status, and attenuated the liver inflammation and apoptosis. These findings suggest that the oleuropein- and hydroxytyrosol-rich olive leaf extracts possessed hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects against the HFD-induced metabolic disorders by enhancing the antioxidative defense system and blocking the expression of the proteins involved in inflammation and liver damage.
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Anwar, Hozan M., and I. A. Baker. "EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THYME AND OLIVE LEAVE IN QUALITY CHARACTERISTIC OF LAMB PATTIES DURING STORAGE." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 53, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i1.1528.
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The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of adding different levels of each of olive leaf extract (OLE) and thyme leaf extract (TLE) and their combination in some physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristic of lamb patties stored either at 4c° for 12 days or at -18c° for 120 days. Results revealed that there are a steady rise (p<0.01) in oxidative rancidity, microbial count and free fatty acid in control and treated samples with increasing time in both storage periods. Also, a significant (p<0.01) reduction in TBA, microbial count and free fatty acid was observed in samples treated with OLE, TLE and their combination. Moreover, it was found that addition of 1% OLE and 1% OLE +0.05%TLE are more effective against formation of TBA and microbial count, respectively. Sensory characteristics were highest in patties treated with 0.05% TLE and the lowest was noticed in samples treated with 1% OLE.
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Albogami, Sarah, and Aziza Hassan. "Assessment of the Efficacy of Olive Leaf (Olea europaea L.) Extracts in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Prostate Cancer Using In Vitro Cell Models." Molecules 26, no. 13 (July 3, 2021): 4069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26134069.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer is one of the most serious public health issues worldwide, ranking second only to cardiovascular diseases as a cause of death. Numerous plant extracts have extraordinary health benefits and have been used for centuries to treat a variety of ailments with few side effects. Olive leaves have a long history of medicinal and therapeutic use. In this study, the anti-cancer properties of an olive leaf extract were investigated in vitro using colorectal and prostate cancer cell lines (HT29 and PC3, respectively). A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the olive leaf extract contained a high chlorogenic acid content. Accordingly, chlorogenic acid may be related to the observed effects of the aqueous extract on cancer cells, including increased inhibition of cancer cell growth, migration, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest at the S phase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered gene expression. The effects of the extracts were greater in HT29 than in PC3 cells. These results suggest that chlorogenic acid, the main constituent in the olive extract, is a promising new anti-cancer agent. Further analyses should focus on its in vivo effects on colorectal tumor models, both alone and in combination with established agents.
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Dounia MEZOUAR, Mohammed AISSAOUI, Amina BENMESSAOUD, and Farid Boucif LAHFA. "Phytochemical analysis and alpha-amylase inhibitory property of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves extracts." Journal of Natural Product Research and Applications 1, no. 03 (April 10, 2022): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46325/jnpra.v1i03.28.
Full textAbstract:
Evaluation of medicinal plants for their antidiabetic activities has increased considerably around the world as well as in Algeria. Olea europaea, commonly called Zeytoune, is traditionally used by Tlemcen population in Algeria, for treating diabetes mellitus.
In this work, we evaluate the capacity of O. europaea leaves crude extracts to inhibit in vitro α-amylase activity.
The qualitative phytochemical screening carried out on O. europaea leaves extracts showed the presence of tannins, sterols and triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and terpenoids. A quantitative analysis of the crude extracts showed significant levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in hydroacetonic extract, with an amount of 802.57 ± 0.001 mg GAE/ g and 359 ± 0.002 mg CE/ g, respectively. In vitro tests carried out on the inhibitory of α-amylase activity, revealed an inhibitory effects, specifically with hydroacetonic extract in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 0.27 ± 0.02 mg/mL. These findings reveals that O. europaea leaves extracts could represent an interesting source of bioactive compounds and allow to the development of new antidiabetic agents.
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AbuDalo, Muna A., Ismaeel R. Al-Mheidat, Alham W. Al-Shurafat, Colleen Grinham, and Vinka Oyanedel-Craver. "Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a modified Tollens’ method in conjunction with phytochemicals and assessment of their antimicrobial activity." PeerJ 7 (February 8, 2019): e6413. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6413.
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Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted great attention due to their outstanding electrical, optical, magnetic, catalytic, and antimicrobial properties. However, there is a need for alternative production methods that use less toxic precursors and reduce their undesirable by-products. Phyto-extracts from the leaves of olive and rosemary plants can be used as reducing agents and (in conjunction with Tollens’ reagent) can even enhance AgNP antimicrobial activity. Methods Conditions for the proposed hybrid synthesis method were optimized for olive leaf extracts (OLEs) and rosemary leaf extracts (RLEs). The resultant AgNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, an environmental scanning electron microscope, and Dynamic Light Scattering analysis. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure AgNP concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine the specific functional groups responsible for the reduction of both silver nitrate and capping agents in the leaf extract. Additionally, the antimicrobial properties of the synthesized AgNPs were assessed against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), by using both the Kirby–Bauer and broth microdilution methods on Mueller–Hinton (MH) agar plates. Results and Discussion A simple, feasible, and rapid method has been successfully developed for silver nanoparticle synthesis by reducing Tollens’ reagent using leaf extracts from olive and rosemary plants (widely available in Jordan). Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the method produces AgNPs with a spherical shape and average core sizes of 45 ± 2 and 38 ± 3 nm for OLE and RLE, respectively. A negative zeta potential (ζ) of −43.15 ± 3.65 mV for OLE-AgNPs and −33.65 ± 2.88mV for RLE-AgNPs proved the stability of silver nanoparticles. FTIR spectra for AgNPs and leaf extracts indicated that the compounds present in the leaf extracts play an important role in the coating/capping of synthesized nanoparticles. The manufactured AgNPs exhibited an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 9.38 and 4.69 μl/ml for OLE-AgNPs and RLE-AgNPs, respectively. The MIC for Salmonella enterica were 18.75 μl/ml for both OLE-AgNPs and RLE-AgNPs. Furthermore, our results indicated that the RLE-AgNPs exhibited a stronger antibacterial effect than OLE-AgNPs against different bacteria species. These results contribute to the body of knowledge on nanoparticle production using plant-mediated synthesis and performance. They also offer insights into the potential for scaling up this production process for commercial implementation.
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Monteleone, Julieta Ines, Elisa Sperlinga, Laura Siracusa, Giovanni Spagna, Lucia Parafati, Aldo Todaro, and Rosa Palmeri. "Water as a Solvent of Election for Obtaining Oleuropein-Rich Extracts from Olive (Olea europaea) Leaves." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030465.
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Leaves from Olea europaea represent one of the main by-products of the olive oil industry, containing a plethora of bioactive compounds with several promising activities for human health. An organic solvent-free extraction method was developed for the recovery of olive leaf phenols, which obtained an extract containing oleuropein in high amounts. A comparison of various extraction media is reported, together with the total phenolic content, DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) content, ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity), and polyphenol oxidase activity of the corresponding extracts. The polyphenol profiles and content of the most representative extracts have also been studied. Extraction solvent and temperature significantly influenced the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts, with hot water representing the solvent of election for the extraction of bioactive compounds from this matrix. All the extracts obtained showed reasonably high total phenol content (TPC) and good DPPH radical scavenging activity; among them, the water extract is characterized by desirable traits and could be used for many industrial applications and human consumption.
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Xie, Pujun, Lorenzo Cecchi, Maria Bellumori, Diletta Balli, Lisa Giovannelli, Lixin Huang, and Nadia Mulinacci. "Phenolic Compounds and Triterpenes in Different Olive Tissues and Olive Oil By-Products, and Cytotoxicity on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells: The Case of Frantoio, Moraiolo and Leccino Cultivars (Olea europaea L.)." Foods 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 2823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112823.
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Phenolic and triterpenoid compounds of the olive tree are recognized as having a key role in health promotion, thanks to their multiple protective actions in humans. To expand the source of these bioactive compounds, the phenolic and triterpenoid profiles of leaf, branch, destoned fruit, destoned pomace, shell, seed, and extra virgin olive oil from the Frantoio, Leccino, and Moraiolo olive cultivars were simultaneously characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. Overall, 43 molecules were quantitated and expressed on the obtained dry extracts. Oleuropein was mainly concentrated in branches (82.72 g/kg), fruits (55.79 g/kg), leaves (36.71 g/kg), and shells (1.26 g/kg), verbascoside (4.88 g/kg) in pomace, and nüzhenide 11-methyl oleoside (90.91 g/kg) in seeds. Among triterpenoids, which were absent in shells, the highest amount of oleanolic acid was found in olive leaves (11.88 g/kg). HCT-116 colorectal cells were chosen to assess the cytotoxicity of the dry extract, using the phytocomplex from Frantoio, which was the richest in phenols and triterpenoids. The IC50 was also determined for 13 pure molecules (phenols and terpenoids) detected in the extracts. The greatest inhibition on the cell’s proliferation was induced by the branch dry extract (IC50 88.25 μg/mL) and by ursolic acid (IC50 24 μM). A dose-dependent relationship was observed for the tested extracts.
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Czerwińska, Monika E., Katarzyna Duszak, Andrzej Parzonko, and Anna K. Kiss. "Chemical Composition and UVA-Protecting Activity of Extracts from Ligustrum vulgare and Olea europaea Leaves." Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica 58, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abcsb-2016-0016.
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Abstract Plants belonging to the family Oleaceae have been traditionally used in treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders. One of the most well-known species is Olea europaea L. (olive), cultivated in the Mediterranean countries. Another species is Ligustrum vulgare L. (common privet), occurring particularly in Northern Europe and Asia. The aim of the study was a comparison of the composition of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from leaves of O. europaea and L. vulgare (HPLC-DAD-MS), and determination of the total content of phenolics and flavonoids, as well as the content of the major compound, oleuropein. Secondly, we aimed to study the protective effect of extracts on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by human fibroblast cells (NHDF), cell viability (MTT assay), and apoptosis rate (Annexin V/propidium iodide staining) after UVA-irradiation. The phytochemical analysis allowed us to identify compounds belonging to the groups of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and secoiridoids in the extracts. The compounds from the group of lignans (olivil) were identified as being unique to O. europaea extracts. Echinacoside, ligustroflavone and ligustaloside A were identified in L. vulgare extracts in contrast to olive preparations. It was established that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from leaves of both species, except the privet aqueous extract at a concentration of 5 μg/ml, did not show any significant inhibition of ROS production after UVA-irradiation in the model of NHDF cell line. The aqueous extracts of both species at concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/ml had a protective effect on the viability of UVA-treated cells in contrast to the ethanolic extract. In conclusion, no significant difference in the activity of olive and privet leaf extracts has been observed, which suggests that both plant materials’ extracts, particularly aqueous ones, are effective herbal medicines and photoprotectors, which – to some extent – confirms the use of their preparations in skin disorders.
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Debib, Aicha, and Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem. "Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of “Chemlali” Olive Leaf (Olea europaea L.) Extracts." International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine 6 (January 2017): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.6.38.
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In last decade, there is an increasing interest in researches for production of biologically active compounds from natural sources.OleaeuropaeaL. is used in traditional medicine in the Mediterranean areas. The aim of the current study was to investigate the content of phenol compounds and flavonoids extracted from "Chemlali" olive leaf collected from Mascara region (west of Algeria) followed by the assessment ofin vitroantioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the phenolic extracts against a wide spectrum of resistant human pathogens. Extraction was conducted at room temperature using four solvents: deionised water (ddH2O), 80% methanol (MeOH), and petroleum ether. Total phenols and total flavonoids were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant properties have been determined by DPPH test. Results showed that the total phenol and flavonoid contents of the olive leaf extracts ranged from 3.64 in petroleum ether extract to 21.47 ± 0,05 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/ g dried matter and from 3.33mg ± 0.07 to 17.64mg ± 0.07mg catechin equivalents (CE)/ g dried matter, respectively. Furthermore, our results revealed that extracting solvents have a significant influence on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The three extracts possessed antibacterial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria particularly petroleum ether extract. The extract antimicrobial activity may be due to the presence of secoiridoid class. In conclusion, the data obtained in this study confirming the traditional use of this plant in treatment of infectious diseases. Phenolic compounds in olive leaves are major contributors to the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of olive leaves. However, further detailed studies are required to determine the active ingredients responsible for these effects and to determine the mechanism of action of these compounds in the anti-microbial activity.
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Acar-Tek, Nilüfer, and Duygu Ağagündüz. "Olive Leaf (Olea europaea L. folium): Potential Effects on Glycemia and Lipidemia." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 76, no. 1 (2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505508.
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Background: Olive tree (Olea europaea, Oleaceae) leaves have been widely used in traditional herbal medicine to prevent and treat various diseases especially in Mediterranean countries. They contain several potentially bioactive compounds that may have hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. Summary: The literature has recently been attempting to define the relationship between olive leaf (Olea europaea L. folium) polyphenols and a number of health problems. Oleuropein, the basic phenolic compound of olive leaf and its extract, is responsible for the characteristic bitter taste and unique aroma of olive fruits. Furthermore, it is shown that oleuropein and its hydrolyzed products have many beneficial effects on human health because of its antioxidant characters. A number of studies report that olive leaf has potentially positive effects on the parameters related to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases by various mechanisms. Besides, toxicity studies suggest that olive leaf is generally safe even at high doses. Key messages: Although current results obtained until today seem promising, the studies in this subject are usually on cell culture and animal trials. Moreover, mostly the extract forms of olive leaves are used in the studies. More randomized controlled human clinical trials with extensive toxicity studies are needed to evaluate potential health effects and safety.
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Antarsih, Novita Rina, Lutfi Hardiyanto, and Sri Widia A. Jusman. "Effect of Lamun Leaves [Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle] on Leydig Cell Morphology." ENDLESS : International Journal of Future Studies 4, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/endless.v4i1.35.
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The ageing male process lead deterioration fertilization ability that caused of Leydig cell degeneration by an accumulation of oxidative stress with decreased testosterone levels. Enhalus acoroides contains antioxidants and phytosterols which can be converted into testosterone. The aim of this study to investigate the extract of Enhalus acoroides effect on Leydig cell morphology in male mice. Male mice was divided into 8 groups: adult mice no treatment (AG1), adult mice with olive oil (AG2), adult mice with extract of Enhalus acoroides at dose 25 mgKg-1 (AG3), adult mice with extract of Enhalus acoroides at dose 50 mgKg-1 (AG4), old mice no treatment (OG1), old mice with olive oil (OG2), old mice with extract of Enhalus acoroides at dose 25 mg Kg-1 (OG3), and at dose 50 mgKg-1 (OG4). All groups were repeated for 14 days. There was a significantly increased number of old Leydig cells in old mice group and adult mice group at dose 25 mgKg-1 compared without treatment. There is no difference in the observation of adult Leydig cell degeneration.
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Khizrieva, S. S., S. N. Borisenko, E. V. Maksimenko, and N. I. Borisenko. "Evaluation of different extraction techniques for the assay of anti - acetylcholinesterase activity of olive leaves (<i>Olea europaea</i>)." Chimica Techno Acta 8, no. 4 (November 9, 2021): 20218403. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/chimtech.2021.8.4.03.
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The total phenol content and the anti-acetylcholinesterase activity were compared in olive leaf (OL) extracts obtained using both subcritical water extraction (SbWE) and conventional solvent extraction (ethanol-water). The method proposed by Ellman (in vitro) was used to study the inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The total content of phenolic compounds and AChE activities of OL extracts varied depending on the used extraction method. Thus, the extract obtained using the subcritical water technique (220 °C) showed the highest amounts of total phenolic components, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, (70.4 mg/g raw material) and the highest inhibitory AChE-activity (IC50 = 0.35 mg/ml). The obtained values of the anti-AChE activity of the extracts of OL demonstrated that the inhibitory activity for SbW-extract 120 °C (IC50 = 2.92 mg/ml) and SbW-extract 180 °C (IC50 = 0.8 mg/ml) is higher than that of the traditional extract (IC50 = 3.6 mg/ml), respectively. These results indicate a great potential of the subcritical water technique to develop the techniques to produce commercial extracts of OL, and these results could encourage improved utilization of the OL. The collected data on the anti - acetylcholinesterase activity of olive leaves clearly demonstrate the prospects for use of OL extracts in the development of novel pharmaceutical substances and nutraceuticals for the prevention and/or the treatment of Alzheimer's disease as well as some other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Orak, Hakime Hülya, Magdalena Karamać, Ryszard Amarowicz, Adnan Orak, and Kamila Penkacik. "Genotype-Related Differences in the Phenolic Compound Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves." Molecules 24, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061130.
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The phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts of nine olive genotypes were determined, and the obtained data were analysed using chemometric techniques. In the crude extracts, 12 compounds belonging to the secoiridoids, phenylethanoids, and flavonoids were identified. Oleuropein was the primary component for all genotypes, exhibiting a content of 21.0 to 98.0 mg/g extract. Hydroxytyrosol, verbascoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, and luteolin 4′-O-glucoside were also present in noticeable quantities. Genotypes differed to the greatest extent in the content of verbascoside (0.45–21.07 mg/g extract). The content of hydroxytyrosol ranged from 1.33 to 4.03 mg/g extract, and the aforementioned luteolin glucosides were present at 1.58–8.67 mg/g extract. The total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ability to inhibit the oxidation of -carotene-linoleic acid emulsion also varied significantly among genotypes. A hierarchical cluster analysis enabled the division of genotypes into three clusters with similarity above 60% in each group. GGE biplot analysis showed olive genotypes variability with respect to phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activities. Significant correlations among TPC, FRAP, the values of both radical scavenging assays, and the content of oleuropein were found. The contents of 7-O-glucoside and 4′-O-glucoside correlated with TPC, TEAC, FRAP, and the results of the emulsion oxidation assay.
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Wang, Bixia, Shian Shen, Jipeng Qu, Zhou Xu, Shiling Feng, Tao Chen, and Chunbang Ding. "Optimizing Total Phenolic and Oleuropein of Chinese Olive (Olea europaea) Leaves for Enhancement of the Phenols Content and Antioxidant Activity." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (April 4, 2021): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040686.
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China, as a contrary climate to the Mediterranean-climate region, is massive in planting olive (Olea europaea) cultivation as an important oil crop. Nonetheless, Chinese olive leaves have received little attention and there is little information about the phenols content. Therefore, in this study, a multiple-response optimization was performed to maximize the total phenolic and oleuropein content (TPC and OEC) by ultrasound-assisted extraction, and the aged and young leaves prepared from six Chinese cultivars from January to December were investigated concerning seven main phenolic composition. Under optimal conditions (power 260 W, time 10 min, liquid-solid ratio 30 mL/g, and 50% ethanol), the highest TPC (197.32 mg/g DM) and OEC (74.68 mg/g DM) were obtained. Findings revealed that the optimal olive leaves for phenolic compounds were the young leaves in spring and winter, being oleuropein and luteolin-4′-O-glucoside present in higher level, and the “Koroneiki” and “Jiufeng” cultivars were relatively stable. Furthermore, antioxidant potential of the phenol extract and oleuropein was also evaluated based on the reducing power and scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)and superoxide radical assays, and a higher antioxidant effect of oleuropein was observed compared to the phenol extract. In addition, oleuropein showed anticancer activity against HeLa cells, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (EC50) value of 0.19 mg/mL at 48 h. These findings revealed an attractive source of biological substances for further development and utilization of Chinese olive leaves.
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Güneş, Eda, and Derya Arslan Danacıoğlu. "The effect of olive (Olea europaea L.) phenolics and sugar on Drosophila melanogaster’s development." Animal Biology 68, no. 4 (2018): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-17000162.
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Abstract Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) contain phenolics that are used for various aims and can also be utilized as free radical scavengers and as a powerful antioxidant source. In this study, our aim was to observe the effects of olive phenolics on the survival rate, development, sex ratio, and adult longevity of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with sugar and with a sugar-free diet. The amount of malondialdehyde and the activity of glutathione S-transferase were examined with UV-VIS spectrophotometry in third-stage larvae, pupae and adults. For this purpose, dried olive fruit and leaf extracts were added at different concentrations to the insect’s sugary diets. The results reveal that 12 mg/L phenolic fruit extract and 4 M sucrose had a negative impact on the development and survival of these insects. It was also found that phenolic leaf extract and low sugar concentrations changed the sex ratio, leading to fewer females and more males. The use of phenolic fruit and phenolic leaf extracts with increased sugar-based diets raised the amount of oxidation as well as the detoxification activity in this model organism. These results demonstrate that low amounts of sugar and olive phenolics may be used as an adjunct to adult nutrients to improve the insect’s adult characteristics.
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Cádiz-Gurrea, María de la Luz, Diana Pinto, Cristina Delerue-Matos, and Francisca Rodrigues. "Olive Fruit and Leaf Wastes as Bioactive Ingredients for Cosmetics—A Preliminary Study." Antioxidants 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020245.
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Olea europaea cultivar, native in the Mediterranean basin, has expanded worldwide, mainly due to the olive oil industry. This expansion is attributed to the benefits of olive oil consumption, since this product is rich in nutritional and bioactive compounds. However, the olive industry generates high amounts of wastes, which could be related to polluting effects on soil and water. To minimize the environmental impact, different strategies of revalorization have been proposed. In this sense, the aim of this work was to develop high cosmetic value added oleuropein-enriched extracts (O20 and O30), a bioactive compound from olive byproducts, performing a comprehensive characterization using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and evaluate their bioactivity by in vitro assays. A total of 49 compounds were detected, with oleuropein and its derivatives widely found in O30 extract, whereas iridoids were mainly detected in O20 extract. Moreover, 10 compounds were detected for the first time in olive leaves. Both extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant and antiradical activities, although O30 showed higher values. In addition, radical oxygen and nitrogen species scavenging and enzyme inhibition values were higher in O30, with the exception of HOCl and hyaluronidase inhibition assays. Regarding cell viability, olive byproduct extracts did not lead to a decrease in keratinocytes viability until 100 µg/mL. All data reported by the present study reflect the potential of industrial byproducts as cosmetic ingredients.