Relevant bibliographies by topics / Olfactory Influences

Academic literature on the topic 'Olfactory Influences'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Olfactory Influences"

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Karunanayaka, Prasanna R., Jiaming Lu, Qing X. Yang, and K. Sathian. "Olfactory Costimulation Influences Intranasal Somatosensory Perception." Multisensory Research 33, no. 7 (August 18, 2020): 723–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-bja10008.

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Abstract Olfactory sensitivity is influenced by intranasal trigeminal sensation. For instance, sniffing is central to how humans and animals perceive odorants. Here, we investigated the influence of olfactory costimulation on the perception of intranasal somatosensory stimulation. In this study, 22 healthy human subjects, with normal olfactory function, performed a localization task for stimulation using weak air puffs, a pure odorant, phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA; rose odor), or their combination. Visual cues were used to inform participants to briefly hold their breath while weak, poorly localizable, air puffs and/or PEA were delivered to either nostril. Although PEA alone could not be localized to the correct nostril, when it accompanied a weak air puff in the ipsilateral nostril, localization accuracy significantly improved, relative to presentation of the air puff without the odorant. The enhancement of localization was absent when the air puff and PEA were presented to opposite nostrils. Since ipsilateral but not contralateral costimulation with PEA increased the accuracy of weak air puff localization, the results argue against a non-specific alerting effect of PEA. These findings suggest an interaction between olfactory and intranasal somatosensory stimuli leading to their integration.
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Mizuno, Katsumi, and Aki Ueda. "Antenatal olfactory learning influences infant feeding." Early Human Development 76, no. 2 (February 2004): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.10.003.

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Doty, Richard L. "Reproductive endocrine influences upon olfactory perception." Journal of Chemical Ecology 12, no. 2 (February 1986): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01020569.

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Chen, Ben, Anabel Stein, Falk-Tony Olesch, and Thomas Hummel. "Odor deprivation influences human olfactory function." Physiology & Behavior 262 (April 2023): 114090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114090.

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Klyuchnikova, M. A., and V. V. Voznessenskaya. "Specific anosmia in humans and animals: Environmental and genetic influences." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_708.

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Olfaction plays a very important role across the lifespan of most mammalian species, including humans. Being the oldest, chemical communication is one of the least understood forms of communication due in part to the difficulty of detecting and measuring the chemicals in a sample. The ability to detect chemicals in the environment serves many functions. Individuals with specific anosmia, or “odor blindness”, have significantly increased olfactory thresholds to particular odorants though they show normal general olfactory acuity. Hereby we review research on specific anosmia in humans, factors that may affect individual variation in olfaction as well as animal models of specific anosmia. Variability in sensitivity to odorants is influenced by genotype, age, gender, individual olfactory experience and environmental cues. Large data pile from human and animal studies suggests that not all factors are determined yet. The possibility of induction of olfactory sensitivity to biologically relevant chemical cues is discussed. Olfactory plasticity determines the adaptability of the species to the environment. Mechanisms that underlie the induction of sensitivity to the odorants still to be elucidated.
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Hörberg, Thomas, Maria Larsson, Ingrid Ekström, Camilla Sandöy, Peter Lundén, and Jonas K. Olofsson. "Olfactory Influences on Visual Categorization: Behavioral and ERP Evidence." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 4220–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa050.

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Abstract Visual stimuli often dominate nonvisual stimuli during multisensory perception. Evidence suggests higher cognitive processes prioritize visual over nonvisual stimuli during divided attention. Visual stimuli should thus be disproportionally distracting when processing incongruent cross-sensory stimulus pairs. We tested this assumption by comparing visual processing with olfaction, a “primitive” sensory channel that detects potentially hazardous chemicals by alerting attention. Behavioral and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were assessed in a bimodal object categorization task with congruent or incongruent odor–picture pairings and a delayed auditory target that indicated whether olfactory or visual cues should be categorized. For congruent pairings, accuracy was higher for visual compared to olfactory decisions. However, for incongruent pairings, reaction times (RTs) were faster for olfactory decisions. Behavioral results suggested that incongruent odors interfered more with visual decisions, thereby providing evidence for an “olfactory dominance” effect. Categorization of incongruent pairings engendered a late “slow wave” ERP effect. Importantly, this effect had a later amplitude peak and longer latency during visual decisions, likely reflecting additional categorization effort for visual stimuli in the presence of incongruent odors. In sum, contrary to what might be inferred from theories of “visual dominance,” incongruent odors may in fact uniquely attract mental processing resources during perceptual incongruence.
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Heuschele, Jan, and Ulrika Candolin. "An increase in pH boosts olfactory communication in sticklebacks." Biology Letters 3, no. 4 (April 24, 2007): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0141.

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Human-induced eutrophication is a serious environmental problem that constrains visual communication and influences the mate choice process in fishes. Eutrophication also changes the chemical environment and the pH of the water, which could influence the use of olfactory cues in mate choice. Here, we show that an increase in pH enhances the use of male olfactory cues in mate choice in three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus . In a laboratory choice experiment, gravid females were more attracted to male olfactory cues when pH was raised. This could compensate for impaired visual communication in eutrophied waters and facilitate adaptive mate choice.
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Muluk, Nuray Bayar. "Olfactory functions in Behçet’s disease: A review." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 8, no. 32 (October 1, 2018): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjr-2018-0023.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES. We reviewed the relationship between olfactory functions and Behçet’s disease (BD). MATERIAL AND METHODS. We searched Pubmed, Google, Google Scholar and Proquest Cebtral Database with the key words of “olfactory”, “functions”, “smell”, “nasal” and “Behçet’s disease”. RESULTS. Behçet’s disease influences the nasal mucosa. Nasal mucosal inclusion causes mucosal ulcers, pain, burning, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, nasal itching and dysosmia. Nasal cartilage deformity is also reported. The higher rate of comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in BD patients may likewise be because of the complex mechanism of the disease inclining the host tissues to bacterial infections. Olfactory functions may decrease in BD. Odor identification may be lower in patients BD. CONCLUSION. An olfactory dysfunction may be seen in patients with BD. BD patients should be evaluated for the involvement of the olfactory function and may require treatment because of a malfunction of the olfactory system that influences the quality of life. Neurological involvement associated with BD might play a more important role in causing olfactory dysfunction than mucosal involvement.
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Mandairon, Nathalie, Casara Jean Ferretti, Conor M. Stack, Daniel B. Rubin, Thomas A. Cleland, and Christiane Linster. "Cholinergic modulation in the olfactory bulb influences spontaneous olfactory discrimination in adult rats." European Journal of Neuroscience 24, no. 11 (December 2006): 3234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05212.x.

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Thiebaud, Nicolas, Stéphanie Veloso Da Silva, Ingrid Jakob, Gilles Sicard, Joëlle Chevalier, Franck Ménétrier, Olivier Berdeaux, Yves Artur, Jean-Marie Heydel, and Anne-Marie Le Bon. "Odorant Metabolism Catalyzed by Olfactory Mucosal Enzymes Influences Peripheral Olfactory Responses in Rats." PLoS ONE 8, no. 3 (March 26, 2013): e59547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059547.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Olfactory Influences"

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MAGGIONI, EMANUELA. "The Smell of Emotions: Olfactory Influences on Emotions and Consumer Behaviour." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/70695.

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Molti studi nel campo del comportamento di consumo hanno sottolineato il ruolo fondamentale che le emozioni esercitano sul comportamento. La maggioranza dei nostri comportamenti è guidata da risposte emozionali all’ambiente. Allo scopo di comprendere il comportamento di consumo è cruciale indagare cosa siano le emozioni, come possano essere misurate ed elicitate, e come queste possano direttamente influenzare il comportamento. Le emozioni possono essere elicitate da diversi stimoli sensoriali. Precedenti studi di psicologia e neurofisiologia hanno usato esclusivamente stimoli affettivi visivi per elicitare le emozioni, mentre altre modalità sensoriali hanno ricevuto meno attenzione. La presente tesi si focalizza sugli stimoli olfattivi come trigger inconsci di emozioni. L’olfatto è stato studiato per le sue connessioni e la sua influenza sulle emozioni umane e sui processi cognitivi, ma le corrispondenze cross-modali e le interazioni tra l’odore e gli altri sensi sono state scarsamente indagate. Questa tesi affronta specificamente le problematiche teoretiche di come possano essere definite e misurate le emozioni, in particolare di come le emozioni possano essere elicitate da stimoli olfattivi e come questi influenzino la propensione all’acquisto dei consumatori. In relazione agli ambiente dei punti vendita reali, un’altra questione affrontata è come stimoli affettivi (in-)congruenti provenienti da diverse modalità sensoriali influenzino la risposta emozionale e come la percezione degli odori possa essere influenzata dalle corrispondenze cross-modali con gli altri sensi. In tre studi, per comprendere queste problematiche, sono stati utilizzati strumenti per la valutazione delle emozioni implicite e self-report, questionari comportamentali self-report, test di associazioni implicite e misurazioni fisiologiche. Il primo studio ha indagato come gli odori congruenti con i prodotti stimolino l’intenzione d’acquisto. I risultati mostrano come gli odori congruenti con i prodotti aumentino l’intenzione d’acquisto tramite l’effetto che hanno sulle emozioni positive e facilitino l’accesso alle informazioni del prodotto. Il secondo studio ha verificato l’effetto combinato di stimoli attivanti olfattivi e uditivi sulla percezione di immagini affettive. I risultati mostrano che stimoli congruenti in termini di attivazione influenzano differentemente le misure self-report e fisiologiche. L’effetto della co-occorrenza di stimolazione attivante tra le modalità olfattiva e uditiva migliora marcatamente l’esperienza emozionale evocata da immagine affettive. Nel terzo studio è stata indagata l’interazione cross-modale tra odore e differenti modalità sensoriali tramite test di associazione. I risultati hanno suggerito che gli odori possono essere classificati e indentificati usando come attributi distintivi principali gli stimoli provenienti da altre modalità sensoriali, associazioni cross-modali ed emozioni. Considerati insieme, questi risultati suggeriscono che gli stimoli olfattivi influenzino inconsciamente il comportamento di consumo non solo attraverso gli effetti diretti che l’odore ha sulle emozioni ma anche attraverso il priming. L’odore ambientale può guidare il consumatore ad acquisti non pianificati, in quanto opera da sollecitatore inconscio di bisogni di consumo. Questi risultati sono in linea con la letteratura precedente dimostrando che gli stimoli olfattivi influenzano direttamente le emozioni. Queste scoperte portano a nuova conoscenza su come la congruenza, in termini di attivazione affettiva tra diverse modalità sensoriali, moduli le risposte emozionali. I presenti risultati contribuiscono a una conoscenza migliore delle interazioni cross-modali nella percezione dell’odore. L’odore può essere classificato usando attributi distintivi di altre modalità sensoriali. Vengono discusse le implicazioni teoriche e pratiche.
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Sánchez, Andrade Gabriela. "Ovarian cycle influences on neural plasticity and olfactory learning in the mouse." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614964.

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Merle, Laëtitia. "Impact d’une alimentation maternelle riche en graisse et en sucre pendant les périodes de préconception, gestation et lactation sur la physiologie olfactive de la progéniture : étude expérimentale chez la souris." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK056/document.

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L’alimentation maternelle conditionne la santé métabolique et cardiovasculaire de la progéniture, mais l’impact sur les systèmes sensoriels reste peu étudié. L’olfaction joue un rôle comportemental crucial pour l’évitement des dangers et pour la prise alimentaire. Dès le plus jeune âge, les odeurs participent à l’établissement des préférences alimentaires, qui influencent les habitudes alimentaires de l’adulte. Le système olfactif repose sur le fonctionnement de neurones qui se développent pendant la vie embryonnaire, continuent leur maturation après la naissance et sont continuellement régénérés au cours de la vie. Ces neurones sont en permanence modulés par les facteurs métaboliques. Les patients atteints de troubles métaboliques ont plus de risques de présenter des altérations de la perception des odeurs, et l’exposition à une alimentation de type obésogène ou diabétogène induit des perturbations olfactives chez le rongeur.Le but de cette thèse était d’explorer les effets d’une exposition périnatale au gras et au sucre, à travers l’alimentation maternelle pendant les périodes de préconception, gestation et lactation, sur la physiologie olfactive de souris juvéniles.L’alimentation grasse et sucrée (high-fat high-sucrose, HFHS) a modifié la composition lipidique du lait maternel. La caractérisation métabolique des petits a révélé un surpoids, un excès de masse grasse épididymaire et une hyperleptinémie chez les petits provenant d'une mère sous alimentation HFHS. Les capacités olfactives évaluées lors d'un test de nourriture enfouie et par mesure du comportement de flairage induit par les odeurs étaient altérées chez les petits dont la mère a été exposée à l'alimentation HFHS. Cependant, nos résultats n’ont pas montré de modification de la sensibilité de l’épithélium olfactif (EO) ou de l’expression des gènes codant pour les éléments de la cascade de transduction olfactive. L’exploration du traitement central du signal olfactif a révélé un impact de l’alimentation maternelle HFHS sur le degré de ramification dendritique des interneurones du bulbe olfactif. En revanche, l’activation des neurones dans le cortex piriforme après une exposition odorante n’était pas modifiée.Ainsi, l'alimentation maternelle HFHS pendant les périodes de développement des petits induit chez les mâles des altérations de la perception olfactive, sans perturbation de la détection des odeurs par l'EO, mais associées à des modifications neuronales dans les structures olfactives centrales. La leptine, hormone métabolique connue pour son action sur l’olfaction et sur le développement neuronal, pourrait être à l’origine de ces déficits olfactifs
The influence of maternal diet on progeny’s health has been thoroughly investigated regarding metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, but the impact on sensory systems remains unknown. Olfaction is of great behavioral importance for avoiding hazards and for feeding behavior. In childhood especially, olfaction participates in establishing food preferences, which partly determine adult eating habits. The olfactory system is made of sensory neurons that develop during the embryonic life, pursue their maturation after birth and are continuously regenerated over life. Olfactory neurons activity can be modulated by metabolic factors. Patients with metabolic disorders are at risk of impaired olfactory sensitivity. Adult mice exposed to an obesogenic or diabetogenic diet exhibit disrupted olfactory behavior.The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of a perinatal exposure to fat and sugar, through maternal diet during preconception, gestation and lactation, on the olfactory system of young mice.Maternal high fat high sugar (HFHS) diet modified milk lipids composition. When investigating pups’ metabolic phenotype, overweight, increased epididymal fat and hyperleptinemia were revealed in pup’s born from dams fed with the HFHS diet. Olfactory abilities were assessed in a buried food test and by measuring odor-induced sniffing behavior and were disrupted in the progeny of HFHS diet fed dams. However, olfactory epithelium sensitivity and gene expression of constituents of the olfactory transduction cascade were not affected by maternal HFHS diet. When investigating olfactory central processing, dendritic complexity of interneurons in the olfactory bulb was found to be affected by maternal HFHS diet. Meanwhile, neuronal activation in piriform cortex was not altered.These results show that maternal HFHS diet during pups’ development alters olfactory perception in male progeny, without impairing odor detection by the OE, and associated with neuronal modifications in olfactory central areas. Leptin is a metabolic hormone known to influence olfaction and neurons development which could have induced the olfactory defects
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Hedner, Margareta. "Olfactory Function : The Influence of Demographic, Cognitive, and Genetic Factors." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-85907.

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Olfactory function is affected by demographic, cognitive, and genetic factors. In the present thesis, three empirical studies investigated individual differences in olfactory ability. Study I explored demographic and cognitive correlates in common olfactory tasks; odor detection, odor discrimination, and odor identification. The results indicated that old age influenced performance negatively in all tasks, and that semantic memory proficiency and executive functioning were related to odor discrimination and odor identification performance. No cognitive influence was observed for measurements of olfactory threshold. Using population-based data, Study II investigated a potential influence of the ApoE gene on olfactory identification after controlling for health status, semantic memory, and preclinical and clinical dementia. The main finding was that the ApoE- ɛ4 allele interacted with age, such that older ɛ4-carriers had an impaired odor identification performance relative to older non-carriers. Importantly, the negative ApoE- ɛ4 effect on olfactory proficiency was independent of clinical dementia conversion within five years. Study III investigated the effects of the BDNF val66met polymorphism on olfactory change over a five-year interval, in a community dwelling sample of young and old age cohorts. The results showed that age-related decline in olfactory identification was influenced by the BDNF val66met. In middle-aged subjects, no effect of BDNF val66met was observed although older val homozygote carriers showed a selectively larger olfactory decline than the older met carriers. Overall, results suggest that the relative influence of demographic and cognitive factors vary across different olfactory tasks and that two genes (ApoE and BDNF) impact age-related deficits in odor identification. Potential theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed as well as potential limitations of association studies in genomics research.
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Amores, Fernandez Judith. "Essence : olfactory interfaces for unconscious influence of mood and cognitive performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106061.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 102-110).
Our sense of smell is perhaps the most pervasive of all senses, as it has the ability to evoke memories and emotions in a vivid and subtle manner. While olfactory communication is one of the most basic methods of communication, it is also one of the least understood and one of the least exploited in human computer interaction. In this thesis we describe the hidden power of scent along with the design and implementation of "Essence", a custom made olfactory wearable device and its stationary version. Essence is a necklace that can be used by any person in their daily life for the purpose of altering one's mood, as well as affecting cognitive and psychological conditions. It can influence the user's behavior through consciously perceivable as well as subliminal bursts of scent released while the person is asleep or awake. The device can be remotely controlled through a smartphone and can vary the intensity and frequency of the released scent. The system can also potentially be triggered by physiological data such as brain signals, heart rate, or galvanic skin response, etc. The types of scent that can be placed in the necklace can range from essential oils to odorless scents like hormones and pheromones. We conducted a set of preliminary studies that show an overall satisfaction, comfort and ease of use of the system. We also demonstrate the effectiveness for mood enhancing and cognitive performance during wakefulness and sleep state.
by Judith Amores Fernandez.
S.M.
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Dritz, Rebekah E. "The Influence of Landscape and Weather on Foraging by Olfactory Meso-predators in Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/725.

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Predation by olfactory meso-predators has a large impact on avian nest success, particularly for ground-nesting waterfowl. Olfactory predators rely on odors to locate their prey. Weather conditions (e.g. wind speed, humidity, and temperature), vegetation, and landscape features affect the dissipation rate of odors and could affect the foraging efficiency of olfactory predators. I conducted 2 studies to determine if weather and landscape impact predator foraging ability and behavior: a predator survey study and an artificial nest study. The objective of the predator survey was to investigate how landscape and weather conditions interact to influence the distribution of olfactory meso-predators [e.g. red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), skunks (Mephitis mephitis), and raccoons (Procyon lotor)] in their nightly foraging on the dike. Specifically, I examined how wind speed, wind orientation, temperature, and humidity affect the distribution, number, and species of olfactory meso-predators foraging on the Arthur V. Watkins Dike at Willard Bay State Park and Reservoir. The objective of the artificial nest study was to determine if weather, vegetation, or nest location relative to a large-scale surface feature have an effect on survival of artificial ground-nests in an area dominated by olfactory meso-predators. Artificial nests were placed on the dike throughout the summer of 2009. Spotlighting surveys for predators were conducted from August 2008 to August 2009. I found that section of the dike, time since study initiation, terrain type on the dike, wind speed, and vegetation height during daylight hours affected nest survival. The results indicated that predators formed olfactory search images in that nest survival decreased over the summer, while predator populations remained constant. I observed foxes, skunks, and raccoons while spotlighting for predators. After accounting for time, wind speed and direction were significant predictors of predators' nightly foraging activity with most predators observed when wind speeds were 2 to 4 m/s and winds were blowing from the northwest. Overall the model accounted for 75% of the nightly variation in predator numbers. Additionally, wind speed and direction impacted where predators were foraging. There were interspecific differences among predators in their responses to wind speed with raccoons being observed more than skunks and foxes when the wind was calm and blowing from the south. The results of the spotlighting data indicate that wind speed and direction have a strong effect on foraging activity. Overall, I concluded that wind speed affects predator foraging ability and behavior.
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Lacey, Julia Catherine. "The influence of experience and olfactory stimulation on the behaviour and welfare of laboratory mice." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440751.

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Sander, Brian Mitchell. "The transcription factors Pax-6 and X-dll3 influence visual and olfactory system development in Xenopus laevis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284197.

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Pax-6 and X-dll3 are homeobox-containing transcription factors that are expressed in developing anterior neural structures in Xenopus. Characterization of multiple Xenopus Pax-6 cDNAs reveals that they fall into four distinct classes. These classes are defined based on the presence or absence of a 42 base pair sequence in the paired box, and the presence or absence of a 151 base pair sequence located downstream of the homeobox. Transcripts containing the 151 base pair sequence encode a highly conserved form of Pax-6, and are referred to as Xenopus A variants. Transcripts lacking the 151 base pair sequence, producing a change in reading frame that encodes a novel carboxy terminus, are referred to as Xenopus B variants. Xenopus A and B transcripts are produced from an alternate splicing event that occurs in each of at least two Pax-6 genes existing in the Xenopus genome. Both A and B transcripts are expressed in brain and eye tissue. Antibodies generated against unique peptide sequences located in the carboxy-terminal domains of the proteins produced from Xenopus A and B transcripts distinguish expression patterns for the two resulting proteins, and indicate that they are expressed differentially in the developing retina and lens. Five phenotypes result from overexpression of these Pax-6 transcripts: ectopic lens crystallin expression, reduction of endogenous lens tissue, retinas with altered size and morphology, ectopic eye formation, and a reduction of the olfactory placode. Both Xenopus A and Xenopus B can elicit the reduction of both lens and olfactory placodes, and the expansion of retinal tissue, while only Xenopus A can elicit ectopic eye formation and ectopic lens crystallin expression. These studies indicate that overexpression of Pax-6 can produce differential effects on Xenopus eye development, and support a model whereby the concentration of Pax-6 proteins is a critical factor for the development of the Xenopus lens and retina. Overexpression of X-dll3 transcripts also produces morphological defects in both the developing eye and olfactory system. The developing eye appears reduced in size, and this reduction seems to be predominant in the anterior portion of the eye. The developing forebrain and olfactory placode, in contrast, appear expanded. These results support a model whereby overexpression of X-dll3 expands the presumptive olfactory fields, at the expense of the anterior portion of the presumptive eye field. The combined results from these experiments indicate that overexpression of Pax-6 and X-dll3 transcripts exert differential effects on visual and olfactory system development in Xenopus.
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Nichols, Carol Anne. "The Influence of Heterogeneous Landscapes on Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo) Behavior in Northern Botswana: Inferences about Infectious Disease Transmission." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95936.

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Infectious disease transmission is driven by a complex suite of drivers with behavior and landscape dynamics contributing to epidemics across host-pathogen systems. However, our understanding of the interaction between landscape, behavior, and infectious disease remains limited. In the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo), a novel tuberculosis pathogen, Mycobacterium mungi, has emerged in Northern Botswana that is transmitted through olfactory communication behaviors. Using this host-pathogen system, this thesis explores the influence of various land use areas along the human-wildlife interface on animal behavior, and ultimately, pathogen transmission potential. Using behavior data from remote sensing camera traps, a generalized linear mixed model identified vigilance behavior, land use, and their interaction as important factors in predicting olfactory behavior. Cluster and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis of active den sites (n= 308, across 23 troops) identified the important characteristics of dens across land use areas. In human-modified environments, man-made den sites persisted longer than did natural dens which became unsuitable through environmental processes (e.g., collapse). We also document the occurrence of nighttime activity for this species, perceived to be strictly diurnal. These data provide information critical to the development of robust computational models and underscore the importance of both landscape and behavior in accurately predicting and managing infectious disease outbreaks.
M. S.
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Böhm, Erik [Verfasser], Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Rothermel, and Björn M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kampa. "Cholinergic and GABAergic neuromodulatory basal forebrain projections differentially influence early sensory circuits in the mouse olfactory bulb / Erik Böhm ; Markus Rothermel, Björn M. Kampa." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1227992068/34.

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Books on the topic "Olfactory Influences"

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Giroux, Theresa. The influence of pleasant and unpleasant olfactory stimuli on the recall of pleasant and unpleasants words. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 2000.

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Noble, Emily. Rhythmic Breathing Plus Olfactory Nerve Influence on Respiration. Trieste Publishing, 2017.

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Noble, Richard B. Rhythmic Breathing Plus Olfactory Nerve Influence on Respiration. Kessinger Publishing, 1997.

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Cobb, Matthew. Smell: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198825258.001.0001.

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Smell: A Very Short Introduction is an exploration of the science and physiology of smell and its historical, cultural, and environmental significance. What happens in our brains when we smell something? How do human olfactory processes differ from those of mammals, birds, and insects? Is there a link between smell and genetics? The connection between smell and memory is more than a literary conceit, with smells proving more effective than images at unlocking memories. The same odour can have different meanings to different people. Smells themselves are often blends, and our reactions to them are influenced by our memories and cultural conditioning.
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Book chapters on the topic "Olfactory Influences"

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Doty, Richard L. "Influences of Aging on Human Olfactory Function." In The Human Sense of Smell, 181–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76223-9_9.

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Furuta, Shigeru, Hirofumi Nishizono, Rikako Hirota, and Masaru Ohyama. "Influences of Blink Response and Eye Movement on Olfactory Evoked Potentials." In Olfaction and Taste XI, 680. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68355-1_274.

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Schaal, Benoist. "Prenatal and Postnatal Human Olfactory Development: Influences on Cognition and Behavior." In Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation, 305–36. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118971758.ch14.

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Shanahan, Laura K., and Jay A. Gottfried. "Scents and Reminiscence: Olfactory Influences on Memory Consolidation in the Sleeping Human Brain." In Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation, 335–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45066-7_20.

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Meisami, E. "Central and Peripheral Influences on Postnatal Growth and Development of the Olfactory Bulb in the Rat." In Ontogeny of Olfaction, 157–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71576-1_13.

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McKenzie, John S., Antonio G. Paolini, and Wolgang A. A. Kunze. "Olfactory Bulb Influence on Neurons of Ventral Striatum." In Advances in Behavioral Biology, 285–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0485-2_30.

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Calderón-Garcidueñas, Lilian. "Influence of Toxins on Olfactory Function and their Potential Association with Neurodegenerative Disease." In Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation, 485–510. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118971758.ch20.

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Frye, Richard E., and Richard L. Doty. "The Influence of Ultradian Autonomic Rhythms, as Indexed by the Nasal Cycle, on Unilateral Olfactory Thresholds." In Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 6, 595–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9655-1_91.

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Bauer, Raymond T. "Chemical Communication in Decapod Shrimps: The Influence of Mating and Social Systems on the Relative Importance of Olfactory and Contact Pheromones." In Chemical Communication in Crustaceans, 277–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77101-4_14.

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Kupritz, Virginia W. "The Communicative Nature of Space in Organizations." In Cultural Influences on Architecture, 58–89. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1744-3.ch003.

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This chapter examines the important role of space in communication. Design scholars have long recognized the importance of context, but few have gone further than to acknowledge that space has a communicative dimension. While design research has investigated certain aspects of communication (especially some of the symbolic properties) in organizations, it has not examined the full spectrum of symbolic and physical properties of space that affect interpersonal, group and organizational communication needs. The physical setting communicates messages through its symbolic properties. Just as importantly, it supports or impedes our ability to use visual, auditory, tactile/haptic, and olfactory cues through its physical properties that help convey and interpret messages in social interaction. Design solutions that effectively utilize symbolic and physical properties of space to accommodate interpersonal, group and organizational communication needs support organizational strategies to maximize worker opportunity to perform in today's workplace.
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Conference papers on the topic "Olfactory Influences"

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Martins, Amadeu, Ana Nunes, Andreia Lima, Carlos Ribeiro, Carolina Pedro, Jéssica Oliveira, Monalisa Vieira, and Patrícia Monteiro. "Strategic Design for “Smellscapes”: Do Smells Get Into Our Decisions?" In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001402.

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Most design interventions manipulate the environment to convey sensory information to the public. However, aside from cosmetic industry, research on the olfactory modality has been broadly overlooked. Being one of the most ancient senses, smell provides motivational guidance within the environment, and some evidence has pointed to multisensory influences of smell. Thus, if the olfactory experience could surpass its mere perception and extend to our decisions, it would become a critical topic for design R&D. We assessed the influence of environmental smells on the performance of two distinct decision tasks, namely, a parallel response selection / conflict monitoring task (see Beste et al. 2013) and a cocoa taste-discrimination task, respectively employing an orthonasal (experiment 1) and a retronasal (experiment 2) smell exposure. Three identical laboratory rooms were used in both experiments to expose the participants to control, pleasant (apple fragrance scented room), and unpleasant (faecal / putrid room) smells in a counterbalanced within-subject design. Although participants’ response times were equivalent between conditions in experiment 1, the unpleasant room was associated with a decreased (albeit non-significant) number of errors. Remarkably, experiment 2 revealed that the unpleasant smell condition produced significantly more accurate judgments about the cocoa content of the trials than those obtained under pleasant (p< 0.01) and control (p< 0.05) conditions. Our findings are discussed considering the salience of smells (i.e., motivational value), and task demands (i.e., exposure length and type of cognitive processes engaged). Those factors likely combine to determine the resources (e.g., attention) allocated at each task and consequently, the degree of interference that smells could have on decision-making. We argue that olfactory design interventions might benefit those people in various contexts where sharp decisions are an asset (e.g., operating rooms, court rooms, etc).
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Vasudevan, Prasanna, and Sreegururaj Jayachander. "Comparative Study of Olfactory Stimuli Influences on Hand-Eye Co-ordinated Tasks in Operators Fatigued by Circadian Effects." In SAE 2016 World Congress and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0141.

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Hatano, Yusuke, Keiichi Watanuki, and Kazunori Kaede. "Effects of Scent Presentation on Choice and Judgment." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001800.

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In recent years, scents have been increasingly used in various situations as stimulants in addition to content, such as in 4DX movie screenings and as original aromas to enhance brand images. Research on scents has also garnered interest; a study conducted at a casino in Las Vegas reported that creating specific scents around the slot machines increased the input number of coins by approximately 45%, and research on the effects of lighting or scent have suggested that scents may influence purchase motivations. The olfactory brain that is responsible for the sense of smell overlaps with the emotional brain that is responsible for emotions and is believed to contribute greatly to its development. The sense of smell is considered to have stronger connections to emotions than the other senses, and there is growing interest in the use of scents to manipulate psychological states into desired states. We experimentally evaluated the relationships between emotional changes caused by scents and image evaluations. Further, we obtained the image evaluation impressions and quantified the influences of scent on selection and evaluation. In order to evaluate the differences in selection, we focused on the categories of images. We prepared five categories of images: sweets, fruits, flowers, nature, and indoor images, and asked the participants to select images that did not overlap the categories. An evaluation index was created based on the harmony of the fragrance with the impression of the image. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the change in the selection rate and the harmony with the fragrance in each category. This suggests that the presentation of scents gives a better impression to images that have a high degree of harmony with scents. To assess the effects of emotion induction by scent presentation on evaluation of image impressions, we conducted experiments for image impression evaluations by presenting scents to 10 healthy male participants in their 20s (22.3±1.3 years) with no known olfactory abnormalities. The ambient air was scented using a bubbling method and supplied through a nasal cannula. We used peppermint essential oil, which has different pleasant and unpleasant emotion associations depending on participant experiences and presented it at a concentration of 1%. The Japanese version of the POMS2 (short version) assessments were used for subjective evaluations of emotion induction, and the emotion changes was evaluated from the differences in scores before and after the experiments. To objectively evaluate emotions, we used a measure the volumetric pulse waveforms from the participant fingertips as well as sweating characteristics. Subjective evaluations of the scent were conducted after completion of the impression evaluations for two items, namely "pleasant-unpleasant" and "arousing-sedating". Two pleasant images, one neutral image, and two unpleasant images were selected based on subjective emotional valences. In the impression evaluation experiment that focused on changes in emotions, a positive correlation was observed between changes in images and scent sensitivity evaluations for positive images, and a negative correlation was similarly identified for negative images.
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de Gusmao Ribeiro, Pedro, FABIO PAPES, Thiago S. Nakahara, and Pedro Magalhães. "Influence of sexual experience on olfactory sensory activity in mice." In XXV Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2017-78526.

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Murray, Niall, Yuansong Qiao, Brian Lee, Gabriel-Miro Muntean, and A. K. Karunakar. "Age and gender influence on perceived olfactory & visual media synchronization." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2013.6607467.

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Bordegoni, Monica, Marina Carulli, and Yuan Shi. "Investigating the Use of Smell in Vehicle-Driver Interaction." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60541.

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Every year approximately more than one million people die on world’s road. Human factors are the largest contributing factors to the traffic crashes and fatality, and recent researches have identified drivers’ cognitive aspect as the major cause of human errors in 80% of crash events. Thus, the development of countermeasures to manage drivers’ cognitive aspect is an important challenge to address. Driver-Assistance Systems have been developed and integrated into vehicles to acquire data about the environment and the driver, and to communicate information to the driver, usually via the senses of vision and hearing. Unfortunately, these senses are already subjected to high demands, and the visual and auditory stimuli can be underestimate or considered as annoying. However, other sensory channels could be used to elicit the drivers’ cognitive aspect. In particular, smell can impact on various aspects of humans’ psychological state, such as people’s attention level, and can induce activation states in people. The research presented in this paper aims at investigating whether olfactory stimuli, instead of auditory ones, can be used to influence the cognitive aspect of the drivers. For this purpose, an experimental framework has been set up and experimental testing sessions have been performed. The experimental framework is a multisensory environment consisting of an active stereo-projector and a screen used for displaying a video that reproduces a very monotonous car trip, a seating-buck for simulating the car environment, a wearable Olfactory Display, in-ear earphones and the BioGraph Infiniti system for acquiring the subjects’ physiological data. The analysis of the data collected in the testing sessions shows that, in comparison to the relaxation state, olfactory stimuli are effective in increasing subjects’ attention level more than the auditory ones.
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Tsai, Shou-En, Wan-Lun Tsai, Tse-Yu Pan, Chia-Ming Kuo, and Min-Chun Hu. "Does Virtual Odor Representation Influence the Perception of Olfactory Intensity and Directionality in VR?" In 2021 IEEE Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vr50410.2021.00050.

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Hoshino, Sosuke, Yutaka Ishibashi, Norishige Fukushima, and Shinji Sugawara. "QoE assessment in olfactory and haptic media transmission: Influence of inter-stream synchronization error." In 2011 IEEE International Workshop Technical Committee on Communications Quality and Reliability (CQR 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cqr.2011.5996082.

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Arima, Ryo, Mya Sithu, and Yutaka Ishibashi. "Influence of olfactory and auditory senses on fairness between players in networked virtual 3D object identification game with haptics." In 2016 IEEE 5th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2016.7800368.

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Weiler, Marina, Perla Moreno Castilla, Hannah Starnes, Edward Melendez, Kevin Stieger, Jeffrey Long, and Peter Rapp. "EFFECTS OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION IN AGED RATS DEPEND ON PRE-TREATMENT COGNITIVE STATUS: TOWARD INDIVIDUALIZED INTERVENTION FOR SUCCESSFUL COGNITIVE AGING." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda002.

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Background: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has shown initial promise in combating age-related cognitive decline and dementia. The nature and severity of cognitive aging, however, varies markedly between individuals. Objective/Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the distinct constellation of brain changes responsible for individual differences in cognitive aging might influence the response to rTMS. Methods: Cognitive effects of rTMS were evaluated using a rat model of cognitive aging in which aged rats are classified as Aged-Impaired (AI) or -Unimpaired (AU) relative to young (Y) according to their performance in the Morris water maze. Several weeks later, following presentation of a sample odor in an olfactory recognition task, rats received either sham (Y, n = 9; AU, n = 8; AI, n = 9) or intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (Y, n = 8; AU, n = 8; AI, n = 9). Memory was tested 24 hours later. Results: Recognition memory in the sham and stimulated conditions depended on pre-treatment cognitive status in the aged rats. Y and AU sham rats displayed robust odor recognition, whereas sham-treated AI rats exhibited no retention. In contrast, rTMS treated AI rats showed robust retention, comparable in magnitude to Y, whereas the AU stimulated scored at chance. Conclusion: Our results are consistent with a perspective that the unique neurobiology associated with variability in cognitive aging modulates the response to rTMS. Protocols with documented efficacy in young adults may have unexpected outcomes in aging or neurodegenerative conditions, requiring individualized approaches.
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