Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Olfactions'
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Lecoq, Jérôme. "Métabolisme cérébral et olfaction : Étude des réponses olfactives et leur consommation d'énergie dans le bulbe olfactif du rat anesthésié." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812501.
Full textMatton, Cécile. "Olfaction et parfums." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05P006.
Full textHonoré, Axel. "Effet des Cellules Gliales Olfactives issues des Bulbes Olfactifs sur les cellules souches épendymaires et leur progénie après une lésion médullaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR060/document.
Full textThe spinal cord injuries (SCI) lead to the damages of the spinal cord or nerves and often cause permanent changes in body functions leading to the death. Cell therapies have raised great hope for regenerative medicine. Clinical data showed that the olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) enhanced functional recovery after SCI and could be a very attractive therapeutic approach. Moreover, the discovery of a new endogenous resident stem cell population, lining the central canal of the spinal cord, named ependymal stem cells, represents a new hope for the therapy. This thesis analyzed the role of OECs transplantation, on the behaviour of ependymal stem cells since these cells, together with astrocytes and pericytes significantly contribute to the recovery of SCI. The use of the mouse model hFoxJ1-CreERT2::YFP (allowing to specifically follow the ependymal stem cells ant their progeny) showed that OECs increased in vitro the self-renewal potential of spinal cord stem cells and modified their differentiation pathway towards a neural type. In vivo, OECs transplantation significantly increases the proliferation of ependymal cells and their differenciation into hypo-reactive astrocytes leading to the formation of a beneficial environment to neuronal survival and the neurogenesis establishment. Our results also showed for the first time that OECs transplantation after SCI allows the generation of new neurons by non-ependymal cell-derived progenitors. These results represent a new hope in the establishment of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of SCI in humans
Steiger, Silke. "Evolution of avian olfaction." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-91757.
Full textDickinson, Keith. "Receptor mechanisms in olfaction." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98464/.
Full textSilveira, Moriyama L. "Olfaction in Parkinson's Disease." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18728/.
Full textÖsterbauer, Robert Alexander. "Multisensory integration of olfaction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:34764b4d-7d12-461b-8a88-c3aa3418d228.
Full textSteiger, Silke S. Fidler Andrew Eric Kempenaers B. Mueller Jakob C. "Evolution of avian olfaction." Connect to this title online (Universität München site) Connect to this title online (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek site), 2008. http://d-nb.info/991247264/34.
Full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jan. 8, 2009). Some chapters co-authored with others. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-127).
Steiger, Silke S. "Evolution of avian olfaction." kostenfrei, 2008. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9175/.
Full textMerle, Laëtitia. "Impact d’une alimentation maternelle riche en graisse et en sucre pendant les périodes de préconception, gestation et lactation sur la physiologie olfactive de la progéniture : étude expérimentale chez la souris." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK056/document.
Full textThe influence of maternal diet on progeny’s health has been thoroughly investigated regarding metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, but the impact on sensory systems remains unknown. Olfaction is of great behavioral importance for avoiding hazards and for feeding behavior. In childhood especially, olfaction participates in establishing food preferences, which partly determine adult eating habits. The olfactory system is made of sensory neurons that develop during the embryonic life, pursue their maturation after birth and are continuously regenerated over life. Olfactory neurons activity can be modulated by metabolic factors. Patients with metabolic disorders are at risk of impaired olfactory sensitivity. Adult mice exposed to an obesogenic or diabetogenic diet exhibit disrupted olfactory behavior.The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of a perinatal exposure to fat and sugar, through maternal diet during preconception, gestation and lactation, on the olfactory system of young mice.Maternal high fat high sugar (HFHS) diet modified milk lipids composition. When investigating pups’ metabolic phenotype, overweight, increased epididymal fat and hyperleptinemia were revealed in pup’s born from dams fed with the HFHS diet. Olfactory abilities were assessed in a buried food test and by measuring odor-induced sniffing behavior and were disrupted in the progeny of HFHS diet fed dams. However, olfactory epithelium sensitivity and gene expression of constituents of the olfactory transduction cascade were not affected by maternal HFHS diet. When investigating olfactory central processing, dendritic complexity of interneurons in the olfactory bulb was found to be affected by maternal HFHS diet. Meanwhile, neuronal activation in piriform cortex was not altered.These results show that maternal HFHS diet during pups’ development alters olfactory perception in male progeny, without impairing odor detection by the OE, and associated with neuronal modifications in olfactory central areas. Leptin is a metabolic hormone known to influence olfaction and neurons development which could have induced the olfactory defects
Wood, Philip Howard. "Biochemical sensing mechansims in olfaction." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3943/.
Full textMerlin, Christine. "La réception phéromonale périphérique chez les lépidoptères nocturnes : caractérisation moléculaire de gènes olfactifs et étude de la modulation de cette réception par les rythmes circadiens." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066386.
Full textOakes, Landon Joseph. "Hybrid Nanostructures for Artificial Machine Olfaction." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1150.
Full textO'Shea, John G. "Field threshold measures for canine olfaction." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040622/.
Full textLaurent, Stéphanie. "Une approche de la discrimination olfactive : étude en "patch-clamp" des neurones sensoriels olfactifs de l'abeille." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066427.
Full textPotier, Simon. "Ecologie sensorielle des rapaces : vision et olfaction." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT167.
Full textThe vision is certainly the most developed sense in raptors, and these birds are cosidered as the vertebrates with the greatest visual acuity. However, raptors are among the most frequent victims of collisions with wind turbines and other human features. Given the conservation issues and the cost of conservation operations , it is essential to understand how sensory abilities of raptor affect their foraging ecology and interactions with human features (eg at which altitude / distance vultures can detected graves and potential obstacles and how optimize the measure of habitats management). But vision is not the only sense that raptor may have. Olfaction in birds was historically neglected, but recent evidence suggests that many bird species, from passerines to seabirds, use olfaction. Consequently, it make sense that olfaction may lead some behaviours in raptor too. To date however olfaction has been searched and shown only in the American vultures. Our project aims to study the sensory ecology of raptors based primarily on captive animals and condition protocols. The originality of our project is to combine the experience of vision and olfaction, on a wide variety of raptor species present in French zoos, with different phylogenetic origin, diets, and different foraging ecologies. The first step will takes place under controlled aviaries conditions, with operant conditioning experiments: responses of birds to different visual and odor stimuli. In a second phase, flight experiments will be conducted on birds trained to perform free flights, whose precise movements can be tracked in three dimensions by GPS tags coupled with accelerometers and cameras videos. It would then be possible to determine precisely the sensory capabilities used for food research for each species, and analyze the flight behaviour with respect to aerology
Sezille, Caroline. "Universalité et diversité de la perception olfactive humaine : approches psychophysique, moléculaire et neurobiologique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10184.
Full textIn a society moving forward and wanting to cut with his animal side, olfactory perception has been judged unnecessary and limited to its simplest expression. Unsurprisingly, olfactory perception was found to be one of the most difficult dimensions to understand in our sensory universe. This dissertation examines the perception of odors in humans. The research effort has been focused on two important aspects of smell: the hedonic valence of odor (ie the pleasantness or unpleasantness of the sample) and odor quality (eg, its floral or fruity note). Olfaction is also known to be highly variable from one individual to another. Indeed, although some odors are perceived in the same way by the majority of the population, many others are perceived very differently between individuals. Thus, the main objective of the research was to provide some explanation on important factors of inter-individual variability in the qualitative and hedonic perception of odors. Without making the complete deterministic claim that olfactory perception is "written in the molecule", the results in this dissertation reinforce the idea that the hedonic and qualitative perceptions of smell are built through a hierarchy of treatments starting with the combination of molecular structure (or of a particular structural attribute) and a very specific set of olfactory receptors. The difference in expression of these olfactory receptors as individuals and populations, as well as learning by mere exposure or acquisition of expertise will then color in a personal way the valence and perceived quality of odors, leading to inter-individual heterogeneity in olfactory perception
Kermen, Florence. "Bases neurales des préférences olfactives." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10071.
Full textThe first dimension of human olfactory perception is the pleasantness of smells. Numerous studies suggest that olfactory preferences are strongly modulated by experience, culture and context. However, recent evidences suggest that olfactory hedonics could be also partly driven by the physico-chemical features of the odorant molecule. The objective of this work was first to identify the odorant’s physico-chemical parameters determining odor hedonic valence. Second, we studied how the first olfactory cerebral relay, the olfactory bulb (OB), encodes spontaneous or learned odor hedonic valence. In a first part, we looked at the effect of the structural complexity of odorant molecules on human olfactory perception and found that this parameter can influence both the odorant’s perceptual complexity (number of olfactory notes evoked) and its hedonic valence. This suggests that the human olfactory system is able to encode odorant hedonic valence from the molecule itself. In a second part, taking advantage of the highly conserved olfactory system in mammals and the shared olfactory preferences between mice and human, we analyzed the OB response to attractive (complex) or less attractive (less complex) odorants by mapping the expression of the immediate early genes Zif268 and cFos. Results indicated a stronger activity in the posterior OB for the low compared to the high attractiveness odors. In a last part, we examined the plasticity of the odorant bulbar representation when the predictive value of the odorant changes. We first modulated the valence of an odorant using an appetitive or an aversive learning in mice and measured the OB response to this odorant depending on its acquired positive or negative valence. We found that, when the same odorant goes from positive to negative valence, the responsiveness of granule interneurons in the posterior part of the OB was dramatically decreased. This indicated that the anteroposterior distribution of activation conveys information regarding the acquired valence of the odorants. Because the OB undergoes a constant neuronal turnover during adulthood, which has been implicated in associative memory, we also looked at the effect of valence modulation on neurogenesis. Interestingly, neurogenesis was involved in this process since the activity of newborn granule cells present in the posterior OB was also decreased in response to the negatively-reinforced odorant. Interestingly, the two last parts of this work suggest a plasticity of the neural representation of hedonic value along the antero-posterior axis depending on the spontaneous versus acquired preference. Altogether, these results show first that molecular complexity is an important factor determining odor hedonic valence in humans and mice. Second, they show an early neural trace of spontaneous and learned hedonic valence which is expressed along the anteroposterior axis of the OB. The latter data reveal an early coding of hedonics in the OB and a yet unknown antero-posterior functional regionalization of the OB
Ziyatdinov, Andrey. "Biomimetic set up for chemosensor-based machine olfaction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285128.
Full textEsta tesis se enmarca en el campo de bioingeneria, mas particularmente en la configuración de un sistema experimental de sensores de gases químicos. Quizás más que en cualquier otra modalidad de sensores, los sensores químicos representan un conjunto de retos técnicos y conceptuales ya que deben lidiar con problemas como su baja especificidad, su respuesta temporal lenta, su inestabilidad a largo plazo, su alto consumo enérgético, su portabilidad, así como la necesidad de un sistema de datos y código robusto. En la última década, se ha observado una clara tendencia por parte de los sistemas de machine olfaction hacia la imitación del sistema de olfato biológico de insectos y mamíferos. Los diseñadores de estos sistemas se inspiran del sistema olfativo biológico, ya que los animales cumplen, sin apenas esfuerzo, algunos de los escenarios no resueltos en machine olfaction. Por ejemplo, las polillas machos recorren largas distancias para localizar las polillas hembra, detectando sus feromonas de forma rápida y robusta. La detección biomimética de gases químicos tiene como objetivo identificar los elementos fundamentales de la vía olfativa a todos los niveles, desde los receptores olfativos hasta el sistema nervioso central, y simular, en cierta medida, el funcionamiento de estos bloques, lo que permitiría acercar el rendimiento de la detección al rendimiento de los sistemas olfativos conociodos de los animales. Esto conlleva nuevos requisitos técnicos a nivel de equipamiento tanto hardware como software utilizado en este tipo de experimentos de machine olfaction. Este trabajo propone un enfoque bioinspirado para la ¿machine olfaction¿, explorando a fondo la parte tecnológica. A nivel hardware, un ordenador embedido se ha ensamblado, siendo ésta la parte más importante de la configuración experimental. Este ordenador integrado está interconectado con dos módulos principales biomiméticos diseñados por los colaboradores: una matriz de sensores a gran escala y una plataforma móvil robotizada para experimentos autónomos. A nivel software, el kit de desarrollo software se ha diseñado para recoger los modelos neuromórficos de los colaboradores para el procesamiento de las entradas sensoriales como en la vía olfativa biológica. La virtualización del sistema fue una de las soluciones ingenieriles clave de su desarrollo. Al ser un dispositivo, el sistema se ha transformado en un sistema virtual para la realización de simulaciones de datos, donde el entorno de software es esencialmente el mismo, y donde los sensores reales se sustituyen por sensores virtuales procedentes de una herramienta de simulación de datos especialmente diseñada. La propuesta de abstracción del sistema resulta en un ecosistema que contiene tanto los modelos del sistema olfativo como la matriz virtual . Este ecosistema se puede cargar en cualquier ordenador personal como una imagen del sistema desarrollado. Además de los productos de ingeniería entregados en esta tesis, los resultados científicos se han publicado en tres artículos en revistas, dos capítulos de libros y los proceedings de dos conferencias internacionales. Los principales resultados en la validación del sistema en el escenario de la localización robótica de olores se presentan en los capítulos del libro. Los tres artículos de revistas abarcan el trabajo en la herramienta de simulación de datos para machine olfaction: el novedoso modelo de drift, los modelos para simular la matriz de sensores basado en el conjunto de datos de referencia, y la parametrización de los datos simulados y los benchmarks propuestos por primera vez en machine olfaction. Esta tesis ofrece una base sólida para la investigación en simulaciones biomiméticas y en algoritmos en machine olfaction. Los resultados obtenidos en la tesis pretenden dar lugar a nuevas aplicaciones bioinspiradas en machine olfaction, lo que podría tener un significativo impacto en el área de investigación en ingeniería biomédica
Broman, Daniel. "Lateralization of human olfaction : cognitive functions and electrophysiology." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Psychology, Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-861.
Full textHarris, Regina Gray Williamson David A. "Social emanations toward a sociology of human olfaction /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5170.
Full textBrookes, J. C. "A microscopic model of signal transduction mechanisms : olfaction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/15786/.
Full textBrown, Elizabeth. "The Behavioral Genetics of Olfaction in Drosophila melanogaster." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490351166817714.
Full textHarris, Regina Gray. "Social emanations: Toward a sociology of human olfaction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5170/.
Full textMurray, Alice. "The role of olfaction in human social interactions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/10953/.
Full textAlaoui-Ismaïli, Ouafae. "La relation olfaction-émotion chez l'homme : analyse neuro-végétative." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10327.
Full textChabaud, Pascal. "Étude des activités oscillatoires dans les bandes β (15-40 Hz) et γ (60-90 Hz) au sein des voies olfactives centrales chez le rat vigile : modulation par les odeurs ou/et leur signification comportementale." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T031.
Full textAland, Rachel Claire. "Aspects of olfaction in the life history of antechinus subtropicus /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18147.pdf.
Full textGhaninia, Majid. "Olfaction in mosquitoes : neuroanatomy and electrophysiology of the olfactory system /." Alnarp : Dept. of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200793.pdf.
Full textThomas, Sanju. "Towards a cell-based chemo receiver for artificial insect olfaction." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/103098/.
Full textFatsini, Fernández Elvira. "Reproduction, olfaction and dominance behaviour in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/81550.
Full textEl lenguado Senegalés es una especie de pez plano que está en constante crecimiento de producción dentro de la industria de la acuicultura debido a su buena capacidad de supervivencia y crecimiento en cautividad,además de poseer un elevado precio en el mercado.En cambio,uno de los principales problemas de expansión del cultivo del lenguado es la disfunción reproductiva asociada al comportamiento complicando el cierre del ciclo de vida de esta especie en cautividad.La disfunción reproductiva se ve en los machos de cultivo que no participan en el cortejo.Consecuentemente,la producción del lenguado recae en los machos salvajes siendo insostenible a largo plazo.Esta tesis tiene como objetivo principal entender y buscar posibles soluciones a este problema enfocándose en diferentes aspectos relacionados con la reproducción y el sistema olfativo.Primero se realizó un análisis de efecto de la presencia de lenguados salvajes que se reproducen,en el cortejo y el éxito reproductivo de los lenguados de cultivo,que no se reproducen.Se formaron 3 grupos,1 de cultivo (control) y 2 mezcla (cultivo y salvajes).No se obtuvo puestas fecundadas del grupo control,en cabio si se obtuvo de los grupos mezcla,viendose por primera vez un aumento de participación de los machos de cultivo,donde un macho de cultivo fertilizó 2 puestas.Estos resultados sugieren un posible proceso de aprendizaje del cortejo por parte de los machos de cultivo.Con el análisis del olfato,primero se realizó una descripción y comparación histológica de la estructura de ambas rosetas olfativas de dos grupos de lenguados juveniles (cultivo y salvaje).No se hallaron diferencias significativas en la estructura tisular, tipos de células y distribución celular entre lenguados de diferente origen, en cambio, se encontraron diferencias entre las rosetas en número total de lamelas y en cantidad de células goblet concentradas en la parte apical de las lamelas siendo más frecuente en la roseta inferior.Con referencia a la comparación transcriptómica (RNA-seq) de la roseta superior en machos maduros salvajes y de cultivo,hubo diferencias significativas en transcritos asociados a receptores olfativos y de reproducción mostrando claras diferencias en la funcionalidad de la roseta en lenguados de diferente origen.En referencia a la sensibilidad olfativa a la orina del lenguados maduros medida a través del EOG,se demostró que la orina es un potente estimulante olfativo en lenguados juveniles y adultos de cultivo y además el incremento de LH en plasma de los machos adultos utilizados en este estudio demostró que la orina juega un papel importante en la reproducción de dicha especie.En referencia a los estudios de dominancia en lenguados juveniles,se utilizaron 2 pruebas diádicas(alimentación y territorio) y una grupal extrajeron 3 parámetros de dominancia asociados a la alimentación,2 variables asociadas al territorio y 2 índices en el test grupal los cuales diferenciaron entre dominantes y subordinados.Además hubo dos transcritos relacionados con la neurogenesis y la neuroplasticidad que se expresaron diferencialmente entre dominantes y subordinados.Este estudio ha sido el primero en reportar la dominancia como comportamiento en esta especie, la cual podría ser relevante debido a la baja contribución parental durante la época de puesta.Así mismo,se determinaron 3 categorias de estilos de afrontamiento al estrés (proactivos,intermedios y reactivos) en lenguados juveniles.Se encontraron 4 transcritos asociados al metabolismo y comportamiento de alimentación que relacionó los prfiles de comportamiento con la expresión génica cerebral en lenguados juveniles siendo genes importantes a nivel biolígico y funcional. Conjuntamente estos avances fortalecen la importancia de estas líneas de investigación como áreas que pueden dar solución a la disfunción reproductiva pudiendo cerrar el ciclo de vida del lenguado en cautividad para hacer el cultivo sost
El llenguado Senegalès es una espècie de peix pla que està en constant creixement de producció dins de la industria de l'aqüicultura degut a la seua capacitat de supervivència i creixement en captivitat,a més de posseir un elevat preu al mercat.En canvi,un dels principals problemes d'expansió del cultiu d'aquesta espècie és la disfunció reproductiva associada al comportament que complica tancar el cicle de vida del llenguado en captivitat.La disfunció reproductiva s'observa als mascles de cultiu que no participen al seguici.Conseqüentment,la producció del llenguado Senegalès depèn dels mascles salvatges el qual es insostenible a llarg termini.Esta tesi té com objectiu principal entendre i buscar possibles solucions a aquest problema enfocant-se en diferents aspectes relacionats amb la reproducció i el sistema olfactiu.Primer es realitzà un anàlisi d'efecte de la presència de llenguados salvatges que es reprodueixen en el seguici i l'èxit reproductiu dels llenguados de cultiu que no es reprodueixen.Es formà 3 grups,un de cultiu (control) i 2 mescla (cultiu i salvatges).No s'obtingué posts fecundades del grup control,en canvi si s'obtingueren dels grups mescla,veient un augment de participació dels mascles de cultiu per primera volta,on un mascle de cultiu va fertilitzar 2 postes.Aquests resultats suggereixen un procés d'aprenentatge del seguici per part dels mascles de cultiu.Amb l'anàlisi de l'olfacte,primer es realitzà una descripció i comparació estructural histològica de ambdues rosetes olfactives de 2 grups de llenguados juvenils dels dos orígens.No es trobà diferències en l'estructura tissular,tipus de cèl·lules i distribució entre llenguados de diferent origen,en canvi,es trobà diferències entre rosetes en nombre total de lamel·les i quantitat de cèl·lules goblet concentrades a la part apical de la lamel·la més freqüents a la roseta inferior.En referència a la comparació transcriptómica (RNA-seq) de la roseta superior en mascles madurs salvatges i de cultiu,es trobà diferències en transcrits associats a receptors olfactius i de reproducció mostrant clares diferències en la funcionalitat de la roseta en llenguados de diferent origen.En referència a la sensibilitat olfactiva de l'orina de llenguados madurs mesurada amb EOG,es demostrà que l'orina es un potent estimulant olfactiu en llenguados juvenils i adults de cultiu i l'increment de LH en sang dels mascles adults utilitzats en aquest estudi demostrà que l'orina juga un paper important en la reproducció d'aquesta espècie.En referència als estudis de dominància de llenguados juvenils utilitzant 2 probes diàdiques (alimentació i territori) i 1 grupal,van extraure 3 paràmetres de dominància associats a l'alimentació,2 variables associades amb el territori i 2 índex en el test grupal els quals diferencià entre dominants i subordinats.Aquest etudi ha sigut el primer en reportar la dominància com a comportament en aquesta espècie,la qual podria ser important degut a la baixa participació parental durant l'època de posta.Així mateix,es determinà 3 categories d'estil d'afrontament a l'estrès (proactius,entremitjos i reactius) en llenguados juvenils.Es van trobar 4 transcrits associats al metabolisme i comportament d'alimentació sent tots ells gens d'importància biològica i funcional que s'expressaren diferencialment entre perfils de comportament.Conjuntament aquests avanços enforteixen la importància d'aquestes línies d'investigació com àrees que puguin donar solució a la disfunció reproductiva podent tancar el cicle de vida del llenguado en captivitat per a fer la producció d'aquesta espècie sostenible en l'industria de l'aqüicultura.
Fatsini Fernández, E. (2017). Reproduction, olfaction and dominance behaviour in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/81550
TESIS
Raman, Baranidharan. "Sensor-based machine olfaction with neuromorphic models of the olfactory system." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4984.
Full textBarwich, Ann-Sophie. "Making sense of smell : classifications and model thinking in olfaction theory." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/13869.
Full textSwasdipan, Nicharat. "Molecular-genetics of olfaction and its roles in social insect behaviour /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16457.pdf.
Full textChrea, Christelle. "Odeurs et catégorisation : à la recherche d'universaux olfactifs." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS020.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation work was to better understand the effect of cultural experience on the cognitive mechanisms of odor categorization. A first cross-cultural study carried out with American, French and Vietnamese students, shows that odor mental representations are formed more likely on the basis of the function associated to the odors in a given culture than on universal perceptual properties. A second cross-cultural study, based on work in other cognitive categories, indicates that olfactory categories seem to be organized according to a typicality gradient and that this internal structure could be determined by perceptual factors such as salience. Thus, due to their salience, some odors may play the role of universal anchors in the organisation of olfactory categories and others, due to their cultural value, may act as specific anchors of a given culture
Porciani, Angélique. "Comportement et olfaction d'Anopheles gambiae : interaction entre insecticide et mécanisme de résistance." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS013.
Full textMalaria is caused by a protozoan belonging to the genus Plasmodium sp. transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria control mainly relies on vector control strategies such as insecticide-treated bed nets or insecticide residual sprayings. In some areas, the effectiveness of insecticides is threatened by insecticide resistance mechanisms spreading in vector populations. Physiological resistance mechanisms have been deeply investigated whereas behavioural modulations conferring or involved in resistance have been overlooked. The objective of this thesis is to provide new insights to better understand the interactions between insecticide, physiological-resistance mechanisms and behaviour. In this thesis we focused on target-site mutations L1014F and G119S on genes respectively coding for voltage gated sodium channel and acetyl-cholinesterase conferring crossed resistance to organochlorides and pyrethroids for the former and crossed resistance to organophosphates and carbamates for the latter. We studied their impact on the host seeking behaviour and the peripheral olfactory system in the presence or absence of insecticides. Our results highlight the complex interactions between insecticides in environment and resistance mechanism on the olfactory system and on behaviour. That could lead to a better resistance management and an improvement in the use of insecticides. This knowledge is essential in order to decipher with the impact of such interactions of the efficacy of vector control tools scaled up to fight against malaria
Ramić-Brkić, Belma. "The influence of olfaction on the perception of high-fidelity computer graphics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57146/.
Full textGibbs, Rhiannon Ashley. "The Effect of Depersonalization and Derealization Symptoms on Olfaction and Olfactory Hedonics." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1524506888938436.
Full textAndriason-Ramaholimihaso, Iharimampionona. "Organisation topologique des projections olfactives primaires chez la grenouille." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066391.
Full textForest, Jérémy. "Impact of adult neurogenesis versus preexisting neurons on olfactory perception in complex or changing olfactory environment." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1326/document.
Full textOlfaction is a key player in behavioral adaptation. To perform tasks accurately, the olfactory system has to perform fine discrimination between very close stimuli. The discrimination performances can be enhanced through perceptual learning and a key cerebral structure in this is the olfactory bulb. This structure is the target of a specific form of plasticity that is adult neurogenesis. In this structure, adult-born neurons differentiate mostly in granule cells that regulate the activity of the relay cells. It has previously been shown that these neurons are required to perform perceptual learning. The central question of this thesis work is to elucidate both the role and the specificity of adult born neurons during complex or changing olfactory learning.We first studied the effect of complex perceptual learning on adult neurogenesis. This study demonstrated the necessity and sufficiency of adult-born neurons for simple olfactory learning. It also showed that when learning becomes complex, a larger neural network is involved requiring preexisting neurons.The olfactory environment is also changing. In a second study we investigated how the memory of an olfactory information is altered by the acquisition of a new one and what is the role of adult neurogenesis in this process. This second study highlighted the role of adult-born neurons in underlying olfactory memory and the importance of delay between learning for memory stabilization.Lastly, an approach relying on computational neurosciences aimed at outlining a computational framework explaining the role of adult-born granule cells in early olfactory transformations and how sharpened sensory representations emerge from decorrelation.To conclude, olfactory perception is changing according to environmental modifications and this plasticity is underlain by an important plasticity of the olfactory bulb circuitry due in large part to adult neurogenesis
Wickens, Andrew. "Molecular characterisation of G-protein coupled receptors involved in olfaction in salmonid fish." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342384.
Full textCalhoun, Haney Rose. "Effect of age on the functional connectivity of brain regions involved in olfaction /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3175295.
Full textClasse, Marion. "Génomique intégrée des neuroblastomes olfactifs : implications anatomopathologiques et thérapeutiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066459/document.
Full textOlfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs) are rare tumors arising in the skull base. Classification tools are poor, notably; no molecular classification of ONB has been reported. Literature data about their cell of origin, the existence of molecular therapeutic targets or their immune environment being scarce, the biology of these tumors is still poorly understood. Our work was based on exome, transcriptome and methylome analysis, but also on histopathological and immune characteristics of a series of 59 clinically well annotated ONBs. We highlighted 2 sub-types of ONB showing different expression and clinicopathologic patterns. The neural type is a well differentiated, poorly aggressive tumor which shows neurons characteristics and shares phenotypic similarities with olfactory neuron progenitors. The basal type is a less differentiated tumor, displaying an aggressive phenotype, with embryonic phenotypical characteristics, which shares similarities with basal renewing cells of the olfactory epithelium. We showed that the mutational load was higher in basal tumors, with notably recurrent IDH2 R172 mutations associated with a CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP). We also showed that basal type ONBs were infiltrated by a greater number of T cells with, in some cases, a higher expression of immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive factors. This work paves the way towards a new molecular classification which will allow a better stratification of patients and will open the field of new therapeutic strategies for this rare tumor
Rigolli, Nicola. "Navigation olfactive : comment prendre des décisions avec un signal brisé." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789670.
Full textAll living organisms are surrounded by fluids, either air or water, which create unique sensory landscapes. For example, chemical signals disperse in the flow by diffusion and advection and when the flow is turbulent odor concentration breaks up in filaments and discrete patches of varying intensity. In my thesis I focused on olfactory navigation in turbulent environments and I aimed at understanding how organisms overcome uncertainties to make decisions. I developed three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of a turbulent channel flow to recreate a realistic environment for olfactory search. I realized these state of the art simulations by customizing an open software called Nek5000, which solves the Navier-Stokes equations for the velocity field and the advection-diffusion equation, which regulates the evolution of the odor (passive scalar) in a fluid. After generating large fluid dynamics datasets of odorant evolution in a channel, I analyzed which features of the olfactory signal are more relevant to locate the odor source. Surprisingly, not only the signal, but also its absence can be informative to infer the distance from the odor source. Using supervised learning algorithms I showed that the intensity of odor concentration is an informative measure, but that the temporal dynamics of the signal allow robust predictions in different conditions and at different ranges from the source. These theoretical results suggest that it is computationally advantageous to measure both odor intensity and timing. I analyzed a set of neural recording from awake mice, demonstrating that they are indeed able to store both quantities, and that the neural representation depends on the underlying flow. I then considered the problem of navigating to the source of the turbulent odor. Although animals (for example moths and crustaceans) robustly perform this task, the algorithms they use are not understood. I modeled olfactory navigation using the framework of Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDP) and I proposed a normative theory to explain the alternation between sniffing in the air and sniffing the ground, typical of mammals like rodents and dogs. Alternation stems from the physics of fluids, prescribing that odor near the ground is more continuous than up in the air, but remains relatively close to the source. In contrast, at nose level the odor is transported quickly away from the source, but is more noisy and intermittent. An agent searching for the odor source should thus sniff in the air when it is far from the source to increase its chances of detecting the odor. Once the agent localizes the odor plume, it should continue the search sniffing the ground where the trail is less intermittent. The exact timing for alternation stems from marginal value theory. Finally, the commonly observed behavior of searchers proceeding in casts and surges emerges from this computational framework, and alternation naturally complements this dynamics to ensure optimal exploration
Ungless, M. A. "Conditioning in the snail, Helix aspersa." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242162.
Full textGangloff, Benoît. "Approche synthétique et industrielle de quelques molécules à propriétés olfactives." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30048.
Full textThis work has been made within the framework of a CIFRE contract with Prodasynth society (Grasse) and concerns the development of industrially viable synthesis of the basic products of the fragrance cnemistry. We tested several synthesis, from the most classical ones (acetylenic chemistry) to the most innovatives (Wenkert reaction. Lewis acids catalysed Diels-Alder reaction). Finally, we reached our goal by improving the synthesis of Sondheimer, we obtained the desired product in 2 steps with 68 % yield. We were then interested in the synthesis of safranal, the odorant principle of saffron, by improving the synthesis already used by Prodasynth. We settled the cyclisation of geranonitrile catalysed by the orthophosphoric acid. We also demonstrated that this cyclisation could be achieved with a resin supported acid (Purolite(tm)). We settled the dehydrobromation in DMF of a brominated precursor of safranitrile in the presence of lithium carbonate. We have shown then that lithium carbonate was not necessary and that the DMF could act as a base. .
Balez, Suzel. "Ambiances olfactives dans l'espace construit : perception des usagers et dispositifs techniques et architecturaux pour la maîtrise des ambiances olfactives dans des espaces de type tertiaire." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834875.
Full textPottier, Marie-Anne. "Impact des polluants d'origine anthropique sur l'olfaction d'un insecte ravageur, Spodoptera littoralis." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066331.
Full textMany behaviors ensuring the survival of insects depend on olfaction. Understanding how pollutants may alter this sensory modality in target (pests…) and non-targets (pollinators…) species and how the olfactory system could respond to this stress is therefore crucial. I have first studied the impact of sublethal doses of cadmium on olfaction in Spodoptera littoralis, a pest moth model. Cadmium distribution through the insect body, including antennae, has been established and its effect on the olfactory abilities of caterpillars and adults was analyzed by behavioral and electrophysiological approaches. I have showed both a decrease in pheromone detection in adult males and in the attractive behavior of caterpillars to a food source. Moreover, I have characterized various detoxification enzymes and heat shock proteins as potential antennal biomarkers for pollutant exposure and thus revealed an unsuspected diversity of these proteins in the antenna. These actors could be involved in maintaining the functioning of the olfactory system by participating in the clearance of xenobiotics. Meanwhile, I have participated in a study on the effects of deltamethrin on olfaction and showed that topical application of sublethal doses of this insecticide on antenna has an impact on the olfactory system of males, an approach from the gene to the behavior. All our data showed that although highly specialized, the olfactory organ is able to develop a complex response when challenged by a xenobiotic stress
Skeif, Hanadi. "Connectivité fonctionnelle des réseaux neuronaux intégratifs du système limbique étudiée en IRM fonctionnelle d'activation par stimuli olfactifs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS537/document.
Full textThe precise mechanisms at the origin of the depression are not yet elucidated. The advent of functional neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has provided a powerful tool not only for defining the neurobiological circuits disturbed in depression, but also for better understanding the contribution of each region. The objectives of this work were to highlight: (i) the clusters involved in the hedonic evaluation of the smell (ii) the functional brain abnormalities underlying the olfactory deficits in the major depressive episode (MDE) and (iii) the modulations of these abnormalities following antidepressant treatment. Thirty-eight depressive patients and thirty healthy subjects were selected to perform a fMRI examination with three tasks: recognizing three smells which are the spearmint, sandalwood and wine lees. Based on our study, we can conclude that depressed patients have functional abnormalities in the thalamus, this region may be considered as a good marker for the prognosis of depression. In addition, fMRI could be a good tool to evaluate the treatment performance of antidepressant treatment
Lee-Davey, Jon. "Application of machine olfaction principles for the detection of high voltage transformer oil degradation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405216.
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