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1
Lappalainen, S. (Sanni). "”Sinä olet kapteeni Koukku ja minä olen kapteeni Mustaparta”:aikuisen tuki kansainvälisen adoptiolapsen leikissä." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201308241623.
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Tutkielman lähtökohtana on ollut kiinnostus Suomeen muista maista adoptoituihin lapsiin ja heidän kehitykseensä. Tässä kiinnostuksen kohteena on erityisesti leikin kehitys. Haluttiin selvittää, mitä yksittäisen adoptiolapsen leikki sisältää ja miten hän käsittelee kokemuksiaan ja tietojaan syntymämaastaan leikin aikana. Haluttiin myös nostaa esille lapsen leikin tärkeys ja se, miten sitä voidaan tulkita. Tutkielman teoriaosuudessa perehdytään erityisesti leikin eri vaiheisiin lapsen kehityksessä, leikin ominaispiirteisiin sekä aikuisen tukeen lapsen leikissä. Teoriaosuudessa käsitellään myös adoptiolapsen kiintymyssuhdetta sekä kasvatuksellisia erityishaasteita, mitkä saattavat näkyä adoptiolapsen leikissä.
Tutkielma toteutettiin laadullisena ja tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin etnografista tapaustutkimusta. Tutkimuskohteena on seitsemänvuotias Matias poika, joka on kansainvälisesti adoptoitu Suomeen kaksivuotiaana. Lapsen nimi on muutettu tutkimuseettisistä syistä. Aineisto kerättiin kenttätyöskentelynä käyttäen osallistuvaa havainnointia. Kenttätyöskentely ajoittui seitsemään kuukauteen eli marraskuusta 2009 kesäkuuhun 2010. Tällä aikavälillä seurattiin lapsen leikkiä viisitoista kertaa hänen kotiympäristössään. Kertojen pituudet vaihtelivat tunnista yli kolmeen tuntiin. Aineisto perustuu havaintomuisitiinpanoihin, jotka kirjattiin ylös heti jokaisen leikkikerran jälkeen. Leikkihetket tapahtuivat tutkijan ja tutkittavan välillä. Leikkikertojen tapahumia teemoiteltiin tutkimyskysymysten avulla.
Tutkimuskysymykset selkiintyivät aineiston keruun sekä analysoinnin aikana. Tutkimuskysymysten avulla syvennytään pohtimaan, mitä lapsi prosessoi leikissään ja miten se ilmenee leikissä. Tutkielmassa pohditaan myös miten aikuinen voi tukea erityisesti adoptiolapsen leikkiä. Kolmannen tutkimuskysymyksen avulla tutkitaan, miten lapsi leikin lomassa käsittelee kokemuksiaan syntymämaastaan.
Tutkielman tärkeintä antia oli lapsen luottamuksen kehittyminen aikuiseen leikin aikana sekä lapsen leikin kehittyminen. Tutkimusjakson alussa lapsi nimesi leikeissä roolihahmoja vain itselleen, mutta jakson lopussa lapsi nimesi rooleja myös aikuiselle. Aikuisen ja lapsen välinen vuorovaikutus kehittyi tutkimuksen aikana. Tutkimustuloksista käy ilmi, miten luottamus ja varsinkin fyysinen vuorovaikutus kehittyivät aineiston keruun aikana. Tutkimustulokset vahvistivat teoreettista käsitystä siitä, että leikkiessään lapsi prosessoi kokemiaan asioita sekä ajatuksiaan ja unelmiaan.
Tutkija ja tutkittava tunsivat toisensa ennen tutkimuksen alkamista. Aiemmin luotu suhde ja vuorovaikutus syventyivät ja kehittyivät aineiston keruun aikana. Adoptiolapsi muodostaa luottavaisia suhteita aikuisiin yleensä hitaasti, siihen voi mennä jopa vuosia. Aikaisempi vuorovaikutus tutkijan ja tutkittavan välillä oli hyväksi tutkimukselle. Tutkimustulokset olisivat voineet olla erilaisia, jos tutkija ja tutkittava eivät olisi aiemmin tunteneet toisiaan. Tutkimusaineistosta käy myös ilmi, että adoptiolapsi voi pohtia ja käsitellä kokemuksiaan syntymämaasta leikkien lomassa. Lapsen ajatukset ja kokemukset syntymämaasta tulivat spontaanisti kesken leikkihetkien.
Tutkielma osoitti, kuinka tärkeää aikuisen tuki on lapsen vapaassa leikissä. Aikuisen ja lapsen yhteisleikissä aikuisen on tärkeää kuunnella lasta ja reagoida lapsen leikkialoitteisiin. Adoptiolapsen kanssa leikkiessä aikuisen kannattaa ottaa huomioon adoptiolapsen erityispiirteet ja lapsen henkilöhistoria ennen adoptiota. Tutkielma on luotettava etnografinen tapaustutkimus, mikä perustuu yhden tutkijan kirjallisiin havaintoihin. Tutkimustuloksia voidaan hyödyntää adoptiolasten leikkeihin, mutta niitä voidaan soveltaa myös kaikkien lasten leikeissä. Tutkielmasta voi olla hyötyä adoptiolasten kanssa työskenteleville sekä adoptiolasten vanhemmille. Tutkielmasta voi olla hyötyä myös niille, joita kiinnostaa leikki ja sen merkitys lapsille.
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Jokinen, K. (Karoliina). "Color tuning of organic light emitting devices." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215891.
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Abstract This thesis reports the investigation of color tuning of two types of organic light emitting devices, transistors (OLETs) and diodes (OLEDs). Voltage tunable two color light emission was demonstrated for OLETs. For OLEDs, two kinds of color tuning methods were presented. For these, color tuning was realized using thermal annealing which changes the light emission color of the devices permanently. The two color light emission of the OLETs, employing a three-layer heterostructure device configuration, occurs in red and green. The device structure was first utilized for producing red light emission originating from a light emission layer made of Alq3:DCM that was deposited between the hole and electron transport layers made of DH-4T and DFH-4T, respectively. After modifying the fabrication process in order to raise the device performance by acquiring smoother active layers green light could also be produced by the devices. Green light emission originated from the electron transport layer. This took place during the electron transport mode, while the red emission was apparent while hole transport was active. The color of the light emission was therefore demonstrated as being tunable by voltage. For OLEDs, devices with one active polymeric layer, undoped and doped, were investigated. The undoped OLEDs had the light emission layer made of blue light emitting polyfluorene PFO. The OLEDs suffered from keto-defects shifting their light emission color from blue to greenish shade, a common problem occurring in widely used blue light emitting polyfluorenes. The work conducted and reported in this thesis demonstrated that thermal annealing can be used for diminishing this undesired green emission. For the doped OLEDs with the light emission layer made of a PFO:F8BT blend, color tuning was realized using thermal annealing as well. As a result of exposure to thermal treatment, the light emission color of these devices which was green as fabricated was converted to white. The phenomenon behind this effect was explained by phase separation between the host and dopant polymers of the light emission layerTiivistelmä Tässä väitöskirjatyössä tutkitaan orgaanisten valoa emittoivien transistoreiden (OLET) ja diodien (OLED) värinsäätöä. Työssä tehtiin kolmikerrosrakenteisia OLETeja, jotka kykenevät emittoimaan valoa kahdella värillä ja joiden emittointiväri on jännitesäädettävissä. OLEDien osalta toteutettiin kaksi erilaista värinsäätömenetelmää, joissa molemmissa hyödynnettiin kuumennusta pysyvän värinvaihdon aikaansaamiseksi. Tutkitut OLETit emittoivat punaista ja vihreää valoa. Aluksi tutkittiin vastaavia komponentteja, jotka emittoivat vain punaista valoa. Näissä komponenteissa punaisen valon tuotti keskimmäinen valoemitterinä toiminut kerros (Alq3:DCM), jonka ala- ja yläpuolella olivat aukko- ja elektronijohtavat kerrokset (DH-4T ja DFH-4T). Komponenteilla saatiin tuotettua myös vihreää valoa, kun valmistusprosessia kehitettiin tasaisempien aktiivisten materiaalikerrosten valmistamiseksi. Vihreän valon todettiin olevan elektronijohtavan kerroksen tuottamaa. Kaksiväriemittoiva OLET tuotti vihreää valoa ollessaan elektronijohtavassa tilassa, ja punaista valoa aukkojohtavassa tilassa, emittointivärin ollessa näin jännitesäädettävissä. Työssä tutkittujen OLEDien valon emittointi perustui polymeerikerrokseen, joka oli toisissa OLEDeissa seostamaton ja toisissa seostettu. Seostamattomien OLEDien aktiivinen kerros oli tehty sinistä valoa tuottavasta polyfluoreenista (PFO), jossa usein ilmenee keto-virheitä, joiden vuoksi PFO:sta tehtyjen OLEDien valo muuttuu sinisestä vihertäväksi. Työssä osoitettiin, että kuumennusta voidaan käyttää sinisen emittointivärin palauttamiseen. Seostettujen OLEDien (PFO:F8BT) osalta kuumennusta käytettiin komponenttien emittointivärin muuttamiseksi alkuperäisestä emittointiväristä vihreästä valkoiseksi. Tämä ilmiö selitettiin valoa emittoivan kerroksen polymeerien välisellä faasierkaantumisella
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Осадчій, С. О. "Органічний світлодіод або OLED." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43445.
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Krause, Ralf. "Optimierung der Ladungsträgerinjektion in organische Leuchtidioden." Kösching Perspektivenverl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994412568/04.
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Krautwald, Henning. "Entwicklung einer Inline-OMBD zur Herstellung grossflächiger OLED-Anzeigen." Clausthal-Zellerfeld Papierflieger, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990378268/04.
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Yu, Jennifer J. (Jennifer Jong-Hwa) 1980. "Improving OLED technology for displays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45859.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 141-151).
Organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) are brightly emissive, efficient, have fast switching speeds, and are paper-thin in format, propelling their use as an emerging flat panel display technology. However, two primary challenges prevent OLEDs from dominating the large-area display market: the extension of OLED display lifetime and development of simple, scalable fabrication techniques compatible with small molecule organic thin films. The principle contributions we report are (1) introduction and analysis of a novel optical feedback technique for extending the lifetime of OLED displays (2) the experimental demonstration and theoretical analysis of contact stamping for patterning multi-color OLED displays.
by Jennifer J. Yu.
Ph.D.
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Олейнікова, Ірина, Назар Заїка, Олена Слітюк, and Маргарита Іванова. "Використання OLED технологій у дизайні." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18131.
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У роботі розглядаються OLED технології, аналізуються їх переваги, недоліки та особливості. В ході дослідження можливостей OLED технологій визначено напрямки використання, які стрімко розвиваються та мають великий потенціал у майбутньому. Проаналізувавши властивості органічних світлодіодів, приведено ідеї та рішення щодо інноваційного застосування OLED технологій та впровадження у нові сфери дизайну.The article displays advantages and features of OLED technology. Studding OLED application, the areas of use have been identified. These areas are developing rapidly and have great potential in the future. During analyze of main properties of organic light, some ideas and solutions have been considered for the innovative use in design.
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Scholz, Sebastian. "Chemische Prozesse der OLED-Degradation." Hammerbrücke Concepcion Seidel, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992404819/04.
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Macoszek, Pavel. "Kogenerační jednotky na rostlinný olej." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220164.
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The thesis is focused on cogeneration units on vegetable oil. The first chapter contains basic information about the production, supply and consumption of electric energy in the Czech Republic and about renewable energy sources. The following chapter is devoted to possibilities of use oil kinds of phytomass in the Czech Republic, or products made from them. Next chapter is mentioned on legislation allowing the use of used cooking oils for energy purposes. It contains a summary of the laws and regulations and options regarding subsidies for electric and heat power. The main objective of these chapters is to explain the issue of the establishment and operation of cogeneration units on vegetable oil. The following chapters are devoted to the design and study of simultaneously operated cogeneration unit on the vegetable oil with a combustion engine and the calculation of economic operation running. The reason of study is to evaluation, which on based of the input values and calculation methods determine the economic efficiency of the project cogeneration unit on vegetable oil under mode purchase price and mode green bonus. Appreciation is also given to the overall legal review and responsibilities of cogeneration units on vegetable oil.
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Hofmann, Tatjana. "Literarische Topografien Kyïvs : Oleg Postnovs Страх." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5881/.
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- Einleitung
- Die Vertikale: sakrale Präfiguration
- Kyïv in Oleg Postnovs Страх
- Gescheiterte Vereinnahmung Kyїvs
- Nastja, die ukrainisch-russische Symbiose
- Vereinnahmung durch Kyїv
- Stadt im Text und Stadttext
- Literaturverzeichnis
- Zur Autorin
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Lobachev, Oleg [Verfasser]. "On Three-Dimensional Reconstruction / Oleg Lobachev." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162458984/34.
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Stiti, Naïm. "Métabolisme des triterpénoïdes chez Olea europaea." Strasbourg 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13068.
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Bartošík, Vladislav. "Řízení grafického OLED displeje mikrokontrolérem Atmel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218559.
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This Master's thesis deals with design and a realisation of a device controlling an OLED display, Densitron DD-25664-1A. This display has a resolution of 256 x 64 pixels and allows displaying of 4-bit grayscale. The proposed utility software implements the initialization and termination functions, two sets of fonts { Latin and Greek letters and functions for rendering graphics and text. The result of the project is a device with the controlling software.
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Aprano, Salvatore. "OLED devices optimization for lighting application." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2596.
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2015 - 2016In this work a potential new OLED application is presented: a large-area purple OLED for horticultural application, which combines red and blue light emissions in a unique device. The main issue of this thesis is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OLED structure by using theoretical models created during the three years of the Ph.D. studies and applied to commercial materials. The core of this dissertation is the third chapter, where the reader is brought to the optimization of the final purple OLED structure after several experiments, which confirm either the basic concepts explained in the two previous chapters, either a mathematical model for a fine-tuning of the blue emission layer. Behind the proposed device architecture and material employed, there is the concept of “hybrid OLEDs with triplet harvesting”, where a proper combined use of fluorescent and phosphorescent emitting materials allows a theoretical internal quantum efficiency of 100%. The last chapter is focused on the study and the realization of metal grids on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO), which is the most used material as transparent and conductive anode for the OLED devices. Despite ITO owns good property of transmittance (transparency), because of its limited conductivity, a lateral voltage drop occurs, preventing a homogeneous emission when the dimensions of the devices exceeds few square centimetres. To overcome this problem, it is presented a new mathematical model which, unlike the most established literature models do, takes into account both the electrical influence of the metal grid and that one of the ITO. Finally, with a good agreement with the experimental data, the theoretical model is used to predict optical and electrical behaviour of different hexagonal metal grid on ITO. It worth to underline that all the approaches implemented in this work to achieve a large-area purple OLED, have a general validity. Indeed, the entire know-how in this thesis it has been successfully used, in the last three years, to make several different OLED devices, different for colour emission, size and performances. [edited by Author]
XV n.s. ( XXIX ciclo)
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Blässing, Jörg. "Organische Leuchtdioden auf der Basis von Polymermischungen /." Aachen : Shaker, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009735396&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Scheffel, Marcus. "Charakterisierung und Optimierung der Emissionseigenschaften organischer Leuchtdioden (OLEDs) /." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=012949633&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Tervo, M. (Mia). "Kuulun, siis olen — en kuulu, olen edelleen:kuuluminen etnisyyden, rodun ja namibialaisuuden näkökulmasta koulutettujen namibialaisnuorten kertomuksissa 2000-luvun Windhoekissa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711303216.
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Tutkimus tarkastelee etnisyydelle ja rodulle tuotettuja merkityksiä sekä etnisten ja rodullisten ryhmien välistä vuorovaikutusta Windhoekissa asuvien namibialaisten kaupunkilaisnuorten kokemusmaailmasta käsin. Lisäksi tutkimus käsittelee myös muita kaupunkilaisnuorille sosiaalisesti merkittäviä identiteettejä kuten namibialaisuutta, kaupunkilaisuutta, afrikkalaisuutta ja maailmankansalaisuutta sekä niille tuotettuja tulkintoja. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu 22 korkeakoulutetun, iältään 20–30-vuotiaan ja etniseltä taustaltaan eri ryhmiin kuuluvan kaupunkilaisnamibialaisen haastatteluista. Tutkimuksessa ollaan kiinnostuneita kaupunkilaisnuorten sosiaaliselle kuulumiselleen tuottamista emic-määritelmistä ja -tulkinnoista. Etnisyyttä, rotua ja namibialaisuutta tarkastellaan tutkimuksessa erityisesti sosiaalisina rakennusprosesseina: miten nuoret tuottavat ja myöskin haastavat niitä puheissaan. Nuoret korkeakoulun käyneet namibialaiset elävät modernia elämää Namibian pääkaupungin vilkkaassa sosiaalisessa ympäristössä, missä vuorovaikutus erilaisten väestöryhmien kesken on olennainen osa ihmisten jokapäiväistä elämää. Kaupunkilaisnuorten sosiaalisen kuulumisen tulkintoihin vaikuttavat etninen ja rodullinen tausta, korkeakoulutus, moderni kaupunkilainen elämäntyyli sekä korkeampi sosiaalis-taloudellinen asema. Lisäksi Namibian etniseen ja rodulliseen erotteluun perustunut apartheid-menneisyys on jättänyt jälkensä nuorten etnisyydelle ja rodulle tuottamiin merkityksiin sekä namibialaisten väestöryhmien välisiin vuorovaikutussuhteisiin. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, että etnisyys, rotu ja namibialaisuus piirtyvät nuorten tulkinnoissa osin päällekkäisinä, yhteenkietoutuneina ja osin myös ristiriitaisina kulttuurisina tapoina kategorisoida muita ihmisiä ja määritellä omaa paikkaa Namibian sosiaalisessa ympäristössä. Etnisyys on nuorten kokemusmaailmassa tärkeä kategorisaation ja sosiaalisen kuulumisen muoto, joka rakentuu rajanvetojen kautta. Etnisten ryhmien väliset rajat ovat nuorille todellisia, mutta ne eivät ilmene aina konkreettisina eroina ryhmien välillä, vaan rajojen merkitykset rakentuvat symbolisesti. Rotuun liittyvä kuuluminen rakentuu myös rajanvetojen kautta, mutta nuorten rodulle antamat merkitykset poikkeavat etnisyyden merkityksistä. Musta, valkoinen ja värillinen ovat sosiaalisesti rakentuneita rodun kategorioita Namibiassa, joita kaupunkilaisnuoret yhtä aikaa kritisoivat sekä myös pitävät yllä. Erilaisten etnisten ja rodullisten ryhmien välinen kanssakäyminen ja vuorovaikutus on nuorten tulkinnoissa luonteeltaan tilannesidonnainen, missä etnisten ryhmien väliset rajat ovat vuorovaikutuksessa rodullisia rajoja joustavampia ja herkempiä neuvottelulle. Namibialaisuus edustaa kaupunkilaisnuorille yhteyttä ja yhteisyyden tunnetta Namibiaan, mikä näyttäytyy erityisesti kansainvälisissä ympäristöissä. Namibialaisuus merkitsee nuorille myös individualistista puolta, jolloin yksilönvapaus nousee tärkeäksi identiteetin merkittäjäksi. Lisäksi kaupunkilaisuus ja maailmankansalaisuus ovat nuorille merkittäviä sosiaalisia identiteettejä, jotka tarjoavat etnisyydelle, rodulle ja namibialaisuudelle laajempia tulkinnan sekä myös kritiikin näköaloja. Tutkimus tarjoaa uutta näkökulmaa sosiaalisten identiteettien ja vuorovaikutuksen tutkimukseen Namibiassa. Emic-lähtöistä monietnistä identiteettitutkimusta on kuitenkin syytä saada lisääThis thesis explores various meanings of ethnicity and race and different dimensions of social interaction between Namibian groups from the viewpoint of young urban Namibians living in Windhoek. Furthermore, this thesis examines other significant identities of the youth: national, urban, African and global identities, and their social meanings. Research material consists of 22 individual interviews of tertiary educated urban Namibians from different ethnic backgrouds in the age group of 20–30 years. The focus of the research is in the emic meanings and interpretations of social belonging given by the young Namibians. In this study ethnicity, race and nationalism are examined as processes of social construction, meaning how these identities are produced and also challenged in the narratives. The young educated Namibians live a modern lifestyle in a socially vibrant urban environment of the capital city, where interaction between various groups of people is an essential part of everyday life. Ethnic and racial background, education, modern city lifestyle and higher social-economic standing in the society have an influence on the young Namibians’ interpretations of social belonging related to ethnicity, race and nationalism. Moreover, Namibia’s ethnically and racially segregated apartheid past has left its mark on the various meanings of ethnicity and race, and influenced the characteristics of interactions between groups of people in Namibia. This study demonstrates that ethnicity, race and nationalism are partly overlapping, intertwined and in many respects contradictory cultural ways to categorize other people and to define one’ place in the Namibian social environment. According to young Namibians’ experience, ethnicity is an important form of categorization and social belonging that is built through boundary making and maintenance. The boundaries between ethnic groups are real to the youth, but they do not always appear as concrete differences between groups. The meaning of boundaries is constructed symbolically. Social belonging related to race is also expressed through boundaries, however the social meanings of race differ significantly from that of ethnicity. White, black and colored are three socially constructed categories of race in Namibia that are criticized as well as maintained by the young Namibians. Interaction between various ethnic and racial groups is shaped by situational factors and social context, in which the boundaries between interethnic interactions are more flexible and sensitive to negotiation than between interracial interactions. Nationalism in turn is expressed through sense of connection and sameness linked to Namibian community, especially visible when in contact with international environments. In addition to collective side of Namibian identity, it also represents an individual side of the young Namibians, whereby individual freedom is a significant factor. Moreover, urban identity and world citizenship are important identities, for they offer possibilities for broader interpretations, and also critique, on ethnicity, race and national belonging. Findings of this research offer a new perspective on the research landscape of social belonging and interactional studies in Namibia. However, there is a need for more emic-based interethnic identity studies
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Tingler, Stephanie Kay. "Oley Speaks and the Oley Speaks music library archive : a legacy of the twentieth century American art song /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1299527642.
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Cantão, Renato Fernandes. "Modelagem e simulação numerica de derrames de oleo no canal de São Sebastião, SP." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/307285.
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Orientador: João Frederico da Costa Azevedo MeyerDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
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Mestrado
Mestre em Matemática Aplicada
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Vehovský, Karel. "Vliv kyseliny linolové a α-linolenové ve výživě prasat na množství a kvalitu intramuskulárního tuku vepřového masa s důrazem na n-6/n-3 PUFA-spektrum." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259689.
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Human nutrition is a function of nutrients' intake from food. The essential nutrients needed by the human body to produce energy, growth and repair of cells, tissues and organs and which accepts in the human diet, are fats. They are obtained from plant or animal sources. Especially animal fats are often ranged among the unpopular food components. Czech Republic is a country with traditionally high consumption of pork. Recently, about healthy foods greatly increase the interest. These include some animal products having an altered composition of fatty acids in fats. The content and composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition are important for protecting of human health. The high content of saturated fatty acids in foods and unfavorable ratio between the n-6 and n-3 fatty acids may be the cause of many diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. Fats in the diet should contain saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in a ratio of about 1: 1.4: 0,6. From a health perspective, the most important are the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Animal fats, however, contain sufficient n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3, however, a little. Pork meat quality from the viewpoint of fatty acids composition is currently not very favorable. Significant effects on the fatty acids profile of animal fats have the fats in the feed. It is thus the possibility of by using the diet to influence the composition of fatty acids in the fat in pig. The work is focused on the possibility of influencing the fatty acids composition of pork intramuscular fat using supplementation of different sources and different feeding techniques of unsaturated fatty acids in the feed in pigs. In the experiment, as a source of unsaturated fatty acids the supplement of the rapeseed or soybean oil was used. The results demonstrate that the above unsaturated fatty acid sources significantly changes the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat.
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Lichnerova, Eva. "Neue vernetzbare Polymere für die OLED-Technologie." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974915211.
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Bohlen, Brandon Scott. "PECVD grown DBR for microcavity OLED sensor." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Müller, Oleg [Verfasser]. "Evaluation multimedialer Teachware mit Kontrollgruppe / Oleg Müller." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1186589019/34.
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Kamtekar, Kiran. "New charge-transport materials for OLED applications." Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2587/.
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Novel fluorene-1 ,3,4-oxadiazole and spirobifluorene-1 ,3,4-oxadiazole compounds 202 and 211, respectively, have been synthesised. Compound 202 was blended with MEHPPV in various ratios and incorporated into organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).The devices were found to emit light purely from MEH-PPV up to very high doping levels. When the device architecture ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV :202/Ca:Al was used it was found that increasing the amount of202 increases the lifetime of the device. Novel bipolar fluorene- I ,3 ,4-oxadiazole-triphenylamine molecules 237 and 240 were synthesised using silicon protecting groups. When incorporated into devices with architecture ITO/PEDOT:PSS/237 or 240/Ca:Al it was found that the materials facilitated the transport of electrons and holes as well as acting as blue-green emitters with efficiencies of up to 0.26%/0.6 cd A-1. Compound 237 also performed well when blended with MEH-PPV giving rise to efficiencies two orders of magnitude greater than for pure MEH -PPV devices.
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Cojocari, Oleg [Verfasser]. "Schottky Technology for THz-Electronics / Oleg Cojocari." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1166510255/34.
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Yu, Jennifer J. (Jennifer Jong-Hwa) 1980. "A smart active matrix pixelated OLED display." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/18000.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 69).
An OLED display has been fabricated and successfully tested with an external optical feedback circuit to demonstrate improvement in uniformity. In addition, the process of making an integrated system with the optical feedback and OLED display on the same substrate is described. Future work on this solution can include using edge emitted light in the optical feedback, which is discussed and analyzed in this paper.
by Jennifer J. Yu.
M.Eng.
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Filleti, Junior Waldomiro. "Refino a seco de oleo de soja." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256092.
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Orientador: Daniel Barrera-ArellanoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: o processo atual (ou convencional) de refino químico de óleos vegetais gera grande quantidade de efluentes líquidos, devido a utilização de água no processo, principalmente na etapa de desacidificação, onde ácidos graxos livres são neutralizados mediante adição de uma solução aquosa de NaOH, transformando estes compostos em sabões, insolúveis em óleo. Estes são retirados por centrifugação, seguida de uma ou duas lavagens com água quente, sobrecarregando e onerando o tratamento dos efluentes ou acarretando graves prejuízos ecológicos, caso não haja um tratamento adequado. A modificação desta etapa por uma operação que elimine uso de solução aquosa e lavagens, seria de grande interesse, não somente do ponto de vista dos efluentes, mas também pela simplificação do processo e equipamentos necessários, reduzindo, consequentemente, os custos de operação e investimento. Neste trabalho propõe-se um procedimento alternativo de neutralização de ácidos graxos livres que elimine a utilização de água no refino de óleos vegetais. Na primeira etapa deste trabalho foram estudadas as condições da utilização de silicatos impregnados com KOH, e misturas destes com seqüestrantes de sabões e argilas clarificantes, para efetuar a neutralização e clarificação de óleo de soja degomado; incluindo um estudo preliminar da etapa de filtração. As condições ótimas do processo foram determinadas pela metodologia estatística de análise de superficie de resposta. Efeitos da temperatura, concentração de álcali e tempo de contato foram determinados seguindo-se um desenho experimental fatorial 33com análise de superficie de resposta. A segunda etapa visou o "scale up" do processo em planta piloto, incluindo a desodorização do óleo obtido e sua comparação com óleo de soja refinado disponível no mercado. O processo desenvolvido indica que é possível obter óleo neutro com 0,09% de acidez residual quando tratado com 7,5% de silicato (impregnado a 10%)por 15minutos a 70°C.
Abstract: The current chemical refining process (or conventional) of vegetable oils generates a great amount of liquid waste water, due to the usage of water in the process, mainly in the desacidification step, where the ftee fatty acids are neutralized through the addition of an aqueous solution ofNaOH, transforming these compounds in soaps (soapstock), oi! insoluble. These are removed by centrifugation, followed by one or two hot water washing steps, overloading and making the waste water treatment costly or leading to severe environment damages, in case the treatment is not appropriate. The modification of this step for an operation that eliminates the use of an aqueous solution and the washing steps would be of great interest, not only on the wastewater point of view but also by the simplification of process and needed equipment. Reducing, as a consequence, the operation and investment costs. In this essay was used, in substitution of the alkali solution, a 10 % KOH impregnated silicate. Which was directly added to the degummed soybean oi! (FFA=O.7%). In the first part of this work the utilization conditions of KOH impregnated silicates, and mixtures of them with bleaching clays was studied, including a preliminary study of the filtration step. The optimum process conditions were determined by the response surface analysis statistic methodology. The second part of this work aims the process scale up in pilot plant, including the deodorization of the obtained oil and its comparison with refined commercial soybean oil. The effects of temperature, alkali concentration and contact time were determined following a 33 experimental design with surface response analysis. The process optimization indicates that it is possible to obtain neutral oils with 0.09% ofresidual acidity when treated with 7,5% silica (10% impregnated) for 15 minutes at 70°C.
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Kim, Ji Young. "Charge distribution in multi-emissive layer OLED." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/273.
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Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been considered as the future lighting and display system and rapidly growing since 1987. It has been already used in many commercial applications such as OLED televisions, cell phone displays, and lighting systems. The OLED has higher luminous efficiency and extremely thinner layer compare to any other lighting devices, also it has flexibility and self-emission. However, there are still some drawbacks for the device performances such as lifetime especially on blue organic films, cost of manufacturing process, and moisture that we need to work on before wide-scale commercialization like LCD or LED. This thesis has focused on developing a charge distribution such as deriving empirical equations in multi-emissive layer OLED, improving external quantum efficiency (EQE) and lowering roll-off. Key results are summarized as follows: (1)We seek to establish a quantitative method to estimate the holes and electrons ratio in the recombination zones. The result shows a trend in the charge recombination ratio depending on the hole and electron transport layer (HTL/ETL) thickness. We obtained an empirical relationship between electron/hole transport layer thicknesses and emission ratio in emissive layer (EML). In addition, the electroluminescence (EL) spectra were analyzed by fitting a Gaussian distribution for the two emissive layers to calculate the intensity ratio of the energy transitions. The arrival time of hole and electrons from each electrode was determined using the thickness and mobility of NPB as hole transport layer and TPBi as electron transport layer. From these initial results, we derived an empirical mechanism to meet with an exponential relationship that can allow us to design custom- made OLEDs. (2)We fabricated White OLEDs in which the emissive layers are chemically doped with blue and red fluorescent dopants of BUBD-1 and DCJTB. This work continues by estimating of emission ratio between red and blue emissive layers by changing the thicknesses of HTL and ETL. The recombination of charge carriers was first identified the location and then we derived an empirical equation for peak intensity ratio of EL spectra with respect to thickness of the HTL/ETL to determine how recombination zone depends on the HTL and ETL thickness. The EL spectra of WOLEDs were fitted with a Gaussian distribution for the two emissive layers using host-dopant system and intensity ratio of blue and red emission peak is 61:39 when thickness of HTL and ETL are 80nm and 20nm, respectively. Also, this intensity ratio of blue and red emission peak (61:39) has the CIE color coordinates of (0.34, 0.40). We obtained a preliminary relationship between thickness of electron/hole transport layer and ratio of two emission peaks. (3)The improved external quantum efficiency (EQE) and reduced roll-off properties of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs), were obtained with structure, ITO/NPB (40 nm)/TCTA (20 nm)/mCP:FIrpic (7%)(30 nm)/TPBi (30 nm)/Liq (2 nm)/Al (80 nm) by incorporating a TCTA inter-layer. We compared the properties of BCP and TPBi as the ETL with a typical structure of HTL/ EML/ETL in OLEDs and utilized inter-layer in the optimized structure to enhance EQE to 52% at 5.5 V, also stabilize the roll-off of 63%. The use of inter-layer in blue PHOLEDs exhibits a current efficiency of 10.04 cd/A, an EQE of 6.20% at 5.5 V and the highest luminance of 10310 cd/m2 at 9.5 V.
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Dugrenil, Benoit. "Réalisation d’un micro-écran OLED haute luminance." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT116.
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Ce travail se concentre sur le développement d’écrans miniatures OLED haute luminance. Utilisés dans des systèmes optiques proches de l’oeil de type « see through », ces dispositifs OLED requièrent des luminances dix fois plus importantes que celles des produits conventionnels.La génération des trois primaires à partir d’une OLED blanche à émission par le haut se faisant aux moyens de filtres colorés, une large partie de l’émission est absorbée puis perdue. Afin de s’affranchir de ces filtres, une première approche s’est orientée vers la modulation de la cavité optique de l’OLED. Cette approche aboutit à la génération directe de la couleur grâce à la variation de l’épaisseur de l’anode transparente, de type TCO, à l’échelle des sous-pixels.La seconde limitation repose sur l’extraction de la lumière au travers d’une cathode semi-transparente. L’effet de cavité ainsi introduit filtre et réduit les composantes émises. L’approche choisie s’est portée sur le développement d’une cathode transparente de type TCO combinée à une grille métallique assurant le couplage externe de l’émission de l’OLED.Après avoir identifié les matériaux et la technique de dépôt appropriés, l’évaluation des OLED intégrant lesdites électrodes a été faite. Le recours à la simulation optique ainsi qu’à la modélisation électrique des structures a permis de discuter des limitations des matériaux et des comportements aux interfaces. A l’issue de cette discussion, des pistes d’amélioration et des perspectives ont été proposéesThis study focuses on the development of high brightness OLED microdisplays based on active matrix (AMOLED). Because these devices are used into near-to-eye (NTE) applications and more precisely « see through » optical systems, high luminances are required. Compared to conventional microdisplays, the high luminances expected are around ten times higher.In order to emit a white spectrum from a top-emitting OLED (TE-OLED), color filters are mandatory to generate the RGB primaries. Nevertheless, by using these filters, the luminance is dramatically reduced because of the light absorption. Therefore, to be free of the filters, a first study is dedicated to the modulation of the optical cavity of the OLED. In this case, the direct generation of the colors is provided by the variation of the TCO anode thickness.The cavity effect observed into the TE-OLED depends on the semi-transparent cathode. The selectivity of the related cavity represents the bottleneck for emitting broad white spectra. To improve the white emission, a second approach deals with the realization of a TCO cathode coupled with a metallic grid.The appropriated materials and deposition techniques were firstly investigated before the characterization of OLED using a transparent anode to modulate the cavity in one hand and a transparent cathode to increase the light emission in another hand. Optical simulations and electrical modelling were employed to highlight the main behaviors driving these OLED. Following a discussion about the strength and the weakness of each structure, some hints of improvement were given
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Fan, Jia. "Concentration quenching mechanism in doped OLED materials." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/829.
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Guillamet, Sébastien. "Réalisation d'un micro-écran OLED haute luminance." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT060.
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Ce travail porte sur la réalisation d'un micro-écran OLED haute luminance sur silicium. L'efficacité limitée des structures WOLED associées à des filtres colorés est un frein au développement de cette technologie pour des applications dans des dispositifs de type « see-through ». Nous proposons une approche tirant parti de l'effet de microcavité optique présent dans les écrans OLED à émission vers le haut pour générer des couleurs sans filtres. Les modulations de cavité à l'échelle du sous-pixel étant assurées par l'insertion d'oxyde transparent conducteur entre l'anode et l'OLED.L'étude offre selon un raisonnement cohérent de suivre les différentes phases de la réalisation d'un démonstrateur de ce type. Seront abordées dans la première partie les étapes technologiques de structuration de l'oxyde à l'échelle d'un sous-pixel de 16µm². Nous traiterons ensuite du développement d'un empilement OLED tandem utilisant des émetteurs fluorescent et phosphorescents. Une approche par simulation optique sera utilisée pour l'optimisation de cette architecture à un fonctionnement sur microcavité. Puis la discussion autour de la mise en commun des blocs technologiques précédents permettra d'aborder des écueils spécifiques au micro-écran OLED et de proposer des pistes de résolutionThis study focuses on the realization of a high brightness OLED micro-écran on silicon. The limited efficiency of White-OLED combined with color filters prevents the use of this technology in “see-through” applications. We propose a novel approach getting benefits from the optical micro-cavity effect in Top-Emitting OLED to generate colors without using color filters. Cavity modulations at a sub-pixel scale are realized by using a Transparent Conducting Oxide between the anode and the OLED.Following a step-by-step reasoning the work offers to follow all the phases of the realization of a prototype using this principle. In the first part, the technological steps of the processing of oxide cavities with a surface of 16µm² will be discussed. Then we will work on the development of a tandem OLED structure using both fluorescent and phosphorescent emitters optimized for micro-cavities. To this end optical simulation will be used. The two technological blocs will finally be put together to enlighten some issues specific for micro-écran technology and to give some clues to solve them
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Mandelt, Klaus. "Synthese und Umlagerung von Bicyclobutyl-1-Olen und Spiro[3.4]Octan-5-Olen ein neuer Zugang zu (±)-endo-Capnellen /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961823461.
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Wada, Joyce Kazue Alves. "Produção de gorduras alimenticias zero trans utilizando oleo de palma, estearina de palma e oleo de soja totalmente hidrogenado." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254692.
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Orientador: Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo GonçalvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: O interesse por gorduras isentas de ácidos graxos trans para utilização em produtos industrializados aumentou consideravelmente na última década. Muitas destas gorduras são obtidas pela combinação de processos como interesterificação, hidrogenação total ou fracionamento. O grande desafio dos produtores destas frações oleosas é manter as características funcionais, ser viável economicamente, mas sem elevar drasticamente o conteúdo de ácidos graxos saturados. Essas frações são uma alternativa para substituição da gordura vegetal parcialmente hidrogenada em diversos alimentos, como, por exemplo, em biscoitos, consumidos principalmente por crianças. A legislação brasileira exige que, a partir de julho de 2006, os alimentos comercializados devem expressar em seus rótulos o teor declarado de trans. Os óleos de soja e de palma são mais disponíveis comercialmente e apresentam-se como matérias-primas interessantes para a elaboração de frações gordurosas isentas de trans. A produção de gorduras zero-trans foi realizada através da interesterificação química de misturas de óleo de palma e óleo de soja totalmente hidrogenado, utilizando-se o catalisador metóxido de sódio, temperaturas de aproximadamente 100oC, sob vácuo e agitação, nas proporções 98/2, 96/4, 92/8, 90/10 de PO/FHSO. Estas proporções foram determinadas como possibilidade de aplicação em recheios para biscoitos ou outros alimentos com características similares. Além destas frações, analisou-se também a reação química da estearina de palma nas mesmas condições. O estudo dos perfis das formulações foi realizado através da comparação das amostras antes e após a reação, além da avaliação de amostras comerciais. Através da composição em ácidos graxos, composição triacilglicerólica, ponto de fusão e comportamento de cristalização, escolheu-se a formulação F4, contendo 96% de palma e 4% de óleo de soja totalmente hidrogenado, após interesterificação para aplicação em recheios de biscoitos ou similares. As outras frações interesterificadas tiveram performance bastante similar em termos de melhoria do hábito cristalino. Em paralelo a este estudo, realizou-se a adição de aditivos ao óleo de palma antes e após a reação de interesterificação química para beneficiar a cristalização lenta característica deste tipo de matéria-prima. Verificou-se que o uso de monoacilglicerol de cadeia longa (C22:0) misturado ao óleo de palma pode ser uma alternativa para acelerar o processo de cristalização de frações oleosas
Abstract: The interest in zero trans fat acids to be utilized in industrialized products has been intensively increased in the last decade. Many of these fats are obtained by the combination of processes, such as interesterification, fully hydrogenation or fractionation. The producers¿ big challenge is to maintain the functional characteristics of the lipid fraction, to be economically feasible, without no drastically rising the saturated fat content. These fractions are an alternative for substituting partially hydrogenated vegetable fat in several foods, for example in cookies, consumed mainly by children. The Brazilian regulation has imposed that commercialized food must express in their labels the trans content since July, 2006. Soybean and palm oils are the most commercially available oils and consist of interesting raw materials to elaborate zero trans fatty fractions. The production of zero trans shortenings in the ratios 98/2, 96/4, 92/8, 90/10 of PO/FHSO was done by chemical interesterification of mixtures of palm and fully hydrogenated soybean oil, under vacuum and agitation, using sodium methoxide as catalyst and temperatures of approximately 100 ºC. These ratios were determined as a possibility for application in cookies¿ fillings and other foods with similar characteristics. Besides these fractions, it was also analysed the chemical reaction of palm stearin in the same conditions. The studies of formulations¿ profiles as well as commercial products were done by comparing samples before and after reaction. Formulation F4, containing 96% palm oil and 4% fully hydrogenated soybean oil after interesterification, was chosen for application in cookies and similar products, because of its fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol composition, melting point and crystallization behaviour. The other interesterificated fractions presented very similar performance in terms of the improvement of the crystallization tendency. Simultaneously to this study, it was added additives to palm oil before and after the chemical interesterification reaction to benefit the slow crystallization that is characteristic of this raw material. It was concluded that the use of long chain monoacylglycerol with palm oil can be an alternative to accelerate the crystallization process of fats
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Facioli, Nara Lucia. "Modificação via enzimatica da composição trigliceridica do oleo de piqui (Caryocar brasiliense camb)." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254668.
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Orientador: Lireny A. G. GonçalvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Os sistemas enzimaticos têm apresentado bons resultados sobre os processos químicos convencionais nas transformações de óleos e gorduras, onde são necessários normalmente um grande numero de reações. ... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital.
Abstract: Enzymatic systems have been shown good results over conventional chemical processes for fats and oils modifications, where a great number of reactions are needed. ... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations.
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Hepp, Aline. "Der leuchtende organische Feldeffekttransistor /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014858908&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Hartmann, Sören. "Organische Gasphasenabscheidung zur Herstellung organischer Leuchtdioden." Clausthal-Zellerfeld Papierflieger, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986103713/04.
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Bösing, Manuel [Verfasser]. "OVPD-processed OLED for general lighting / Manuel Bösing." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1033853003/34.
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Queiroga, Carmen Lucia 1961. "Estudo fotoquimico de oleo essencial de Baccharis dracunculifolia." [s.n.], 1989. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248752.
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Orientador : Anita Jocelyne MarsaioliDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Chumpitaz, Lucy Doris Aburto. "Microencapsulação do oleo essencial de laranja por atomização." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256249.
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Orientador: Enny Therezinha MartucciDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: No presente trabalho foi feita a microencapsulação do óleo essencial de laranja através da secagem por atomização. Foi utilizado um material de parede constituído de três agentes encapsulantes: goma arábica, maltodextrina e amido de milho modificado (Capsul), de modo a aproveitar as vantagens que cada um deles oferece e sua influência no índice de retenção do óleo essencial de laranja. Foram preparadas três formulações com diferentes concentrações de goma arábica e Capsul, mantendo constante as concentrações da maltodextrina e do óleo, para a observação da influência dos dois primeiros componentes na retenção do óleo durante a secagem. As temperaturas do ar de secagem foram de 180°C, 200°C e 220°C para avaliar sua influência sobre a retenção dos compostos aromáticos do óleo essencial de laranja
Abstract: Microencapsulation of orange essential oil by spray drying was realized in the present work. For this purpose a wall material was composed with three encapsulating agents: arabic gum, maltodextrin and Capsu/. The goal was to profit the advantages that each one of these agents offer, and its influence over retention index of orange essential oi/. In order to accomplish this objective was prepared three formulations with different arabic gum and Capsul concentrations, maintaining constants the maltodextrin and oil concentrations, and observing the influence the two first components in the oil retention during spray drying. The emulsions were dried with three differents drying temperatures, 180°C, 200°C and 220°C, and then evaluated its influence over essential orange oil flavour compounds retention
Mestrado
Mestre em Engenharia de Alimentos
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Sales, Henrique Jorge Sousa. "Epoxidação de oleo de soja catalisada por CH3ReO3." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249502.
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Orientador: Ulf F. SchuchardtDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Oliveira, Alessandra Lopes de. "Extração supercritica de oleo aromatico de cafe torrado." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256375.
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Orientadores : Fernando Antonio Cabral, Marcos Nogueira EberlinTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Doutorado
Doutor em Engenharia de Alimentos
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Okabe, Clarissa Paiva. "Modelos de depleção para reservatorios de oleo espumo." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264303.
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Orientador: Osvair Vidal TrevisanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica e Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: Campos no Canadá e na Venezuela contendo reservatórios de óleo espumoso apresentaram recuperação primária da ordem de 10 a 15 % maior do que a estimada por simuladores numéricos Black-Oil. Além do alto fator de recuperação, foram observadas outras características não convencionais, como baixa razão gás-óleo e alta manutenção da pressão de reservatório. Esta discrepância entre o fator de recuperação estimado e o real é atribuída ao fato de que os simuladores Black-Oil não descrevem adequadamente o comportamento do gás em óleos espumosos. Nesta pesquisa são descritos e comparados três modelos numéricos de óleo espumoso propostos para o simulador pseudo-composicional CMG Stars. Estes modelos permitem descrever as etapas de evolução do gás, que compreendem desde a nucleação das bolhas de gás, o crescimento das bolhas, até a formação de uma fase conectada de gás, com reações cinéticas. Além disso, admite a presença de diferentes formas de gás ¿ gás em solução, gás preso, gás disperso e gás livre - nas fases gás e óleo. A mobilidade da fase gás é avaliada por uma composição de curvas de permeabilidade relativa ao gás. Com o estudo da influência de alguns parâmetros, algumas características típicas de reservatórios de óleo espumoso são explicadas, como a baixa produção de gás, o escoamento do gás na forma dispersa, a alta saturação crítica de gás e as altas razões de produção de óleo
Abstract: Fields in Canada and Venezuela, which contain foamy oil reservoirs, have exhibited a primary oil recovery on the order of 10 to 15 % greater than the recovery estimated by black-oil simulators. Besides the high oil recovery, other unusual characteristics have been observed, as low gas-oil ratio and high reservoir pressure maintenance. Such discrepancy between estimated and the actual oil recovery factor is attributed to the fact that black-oil simulators do not describe adequately gas behavior in foamy oils. In the present study, three numerical models of foamy oil behavior are described and compared using the pseudo-compositional simulator CMG Stars. These models allow describing the steps of gas evolution, since the nucleation of the gas bubbles, the bubble growing, until its connection to form a free phase, via kinetic reactions. The model admits the presence of different forms of gas ¿ solution gas, entrained gas, dispersed gas and free gas ¿ in the oil and gas phases. The mobility of the gas phase is evaluated by a composition of relative permeability curves. After the study on the influence of some parameters, some typical characteristics of the foamy oil reservoirs are explained, as the low gas production, the dispersed gas flow, the high critical gas saturation and the high oil production rates
Mestrado
Reservatórios e Gestão
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
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Hyypiö, A. (Anni). "”Olen minä kyseenalaistanut”:suomalainen nykyromaani ja taistolaisuuden merkityskamppailut." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2014. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201406051685.
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Pro gradu -työssäni tutkin taistolaisuuden representaatioita suomalaisessa 1990−2000-lukujen nykyromaanissa. Tutkielmassani käyn läpi tapoja joilla taistolaisuutta suomalaisessa romaanitraditiossa muistetaan ja kuvataan ja miten nämä taistolaisrepresentaatiot liittyvät laajemmin taistolaisuuden merkityksestä käytäviin neuvotteluihin. Tutkin työssäni myös taistolaisrepresentaatioihin liittyvää valtaa ja niiden suhteita taistolaisdiskurssien syntyyn ja säilyttämiseen.
Tutkielmani nimi ”Olen minä kyseenalaistanut” — suomalainen nykyromaani ja taistolaisuuden merkityskamppailut viittaa kolmeen eri merkitykseen. Se sisältää ensinnäkin suoran lainauksen Laura Honkasalon Sinun lapsesi eivät ole sinun -romaanin päähenkilö Nellin (SLEOS, 293) suusta. Lainauksen kontekstissa Nelli toteaa, ettei hänen uskonsa vasemmiston aatteisiin palaudu vanhempien taistolaisuuteen.
Toinen merkitys liittyy yleisemmin käsittelemääni taistolaiskeskusteluun ja kuvaa sen eri positioita. Kolmanneksi nimi kytkeytyy myös diskurssilla operoivan tutkijan positioon: piilevien valtasuhteiden ja luonnollistuneiden diskurssien paljastaminen vaatii tutkijalta jatkuvaa luonnollistuneen ”terveen järjen” kyseenalaistamista.
Tutkielmassani esitän, että nykyisessä taistolaiskeskustelussa elää tällä hetkellä useita yhtäaikaisia käsityksiä taistolaisuuden merkityksestä, sen synnystä ja seurauksista. Nämä erilaiset taistolaisuustulkinnat elävät jännitteisessä kilpailutilanteessa, jossa tavoitteena olisi muodostaa lopullinen, ”totuudellinen” kuva taistolaisuudesta. Tästä johtuen tietyt puhetavat ovat jo vakiintuneet taistolaisuudesta puhuttaessa sallituimmaksi kuin toiset, eli ovat saavuttaneet valtadiskurssin aseman.
Lähestyn kysymystä diskurssin, representaation, ideologian ja hegemonian käsitteen kautta. Primääriteoksinani ovat Anja Snellmanin "Paratiisin kartta" (1999/2001), Laura Honkasalon "Sinun lapsesi eivät ole sinun" (2001/2003) ja Pirkko Saision "Punainen erokirja" (2003). Tutkimuksessani hahmottelen kolme erilaista taistolaisdiskurssia (taistolaisuus uskonnollisena hurmosliikkeenä, taistolaisuus väärinymmärrettynä yhteiskunnallisena liikkeenä ja taistolaisuus henkilökohtaisena pettymyksenä) ja niiden välisiä valtasuhteita. Nämä diskurssit sisältävät oman retoriikkansa, jolla diskurssi operoi ja tekee itsensä näkyväksi, ja ne tuottavat kolme hyvin erilaista tulkintaa aiheesta jonka tunnemme nimellä "taistolaisuus".
Tutkielmani tuloksena hahmottelin keskeisten teosteni suhdetta valta- ja vastadiskursseihin. Tutkimuksessani argumentoin Anja Snellmanin "Paratiisin kartan" artikuloivan valtadiskurssin mukaista kuvaa. Tunnustukselle rakentuva taistolaiskuva vastaa valtadiskurssin pyyntöön tunnustamalla taistolaisuuden — vaikkei aivan selvää olekaan, mitä pitäisi tunnustaa.
Sen sijaan "Sinun lapsesi eivät ole sinun" asettuu selkeästi vallitsevaa valtadiskurssia vastaan palauttamalla taistolaisrepresentaation takaisin poliittiselle kehystykselle uskonnollisesta tai hurmoksellisesta kehystyksestä. Honkasalon romaani asettuu taistolaisuutta puolustavaan subjektipositioon: se antaa tilaa taistolaisuuden muistamiselle myös muuna kuin nostalgiana tai kyvyttömyytenä ymmärtää ”nykypäivän realismia”, ts. hyväksyä uusliberalismin hegemonia.
Punaisen erokirjan taistolaisrepresentaatio on muita kuvauksia kompleksisempi. Teos representoi taistolaisuutta, jota ei kuvata niin tunnustamisen kuin poliittisenkaan kehystyksen kautta, eikä se vastaa valtadiskurssin tunnustamista vaativaan kutsuun. Teos ei myöskään anna selkeästi yhteiskunnallisesti tai uskonnollisesti motivoitunutta syytä taistolaisuudelle. Punainen erokirja taistelee yhtenäistä, menneestä taaksepäin kulkevaa tulkintaa vastaan. Se kieltäytyy ottamasta sille tarjottua subjektipositiota koko liikkeen olemuksen selittäjänä.
Punainen erokirja onkin selvärajaisuutta vastustavalla taistolaisrepresentaatiolla hyvä osoitus siitä miten valtadiskurssin vahvasta voimasta huolimatta voi ennakkoluulottomalla ja kekseliäällä sanataiteella olla ainutlaatuinen mahdollisuus toistaa todellisuutta toisin.
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Oikarinen, K. (Kaisa). "Minä olen käteni:kädentaitojen merkitys varhaiskasvatuksessa lapsen minäkuvan kehitykselle." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201808232669.
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Aiheen valintaa vaikutti kiinnostukseni näpertelemiseen sekä askarteluun ja halu saada selville, kuinka lapsen psyykkistä kasvua ja kehitystä voi tukea kädentaitojen avulla. Tutkimuksen aiheeksi nousikin lapsen kädentaitojen merkitys minäkuvan kehittymiseen varhaiskasvatuksessa. Toteutin tutkimuksen kirjallisuuskatsauksena.
Kautta aikojen kädentaitoja on pidetty tärkeässä roolissa yksilön elämässä ja vielä nykyäänkin se on tärkeä yksilön hyvinvointia lisäävä tekijä. Perehtyessäni aiheeseen minulle tuli selkeä kuva siitä, että kädentaidot ovat hyvin merkittävä tekijä lapsen minäkuvan kehittymiselle varhaiskasvatuksessa. Kädentaidot edistävät lapsen kasvua ja kehitystä monipuolisesti, kuten motorisia, kognitiivisia ja sosiaalisia taitoja. Lapsi hankkii itselleen kädentaitojen avulla tietoa itsestään sekä ympäröivästä maailmasta ja saamaansa tietoa hän voi hyödyntää tulevaisuudessa. Kädentaidot lisäävät myös lapsen luovuutta ja ongelmanratkaisukykyä. Tavallaan hän saa työkaluja elämäänsä varten.
Varhaiskasvatuksessa kasvattajien olisikin hyvä muistaa kädentaitojen merkitys yhtenä mahdollisuutena lapsen minäkuvan kehittymiselle. Heidän tulee luoda sellainen ympäristö, joka sallii lapsen kokeilemisen ja tekemisen erilaisten kädentaitoja vaativien töiden toteuttamiseen. Ympäristön tarjotessa monipuolisesti kädentaitoja vaativia harjoitteita lapsi oppii työskentelyprosessin aikana uusia taitoja ja tutustuu itseensä. Hänen työskentelyssään ei niinkään ole tärkeää, millainen tuotos on, vaan tekemisen matka. Lasta tulee arvostaa tekijänä ja kasvattajien pitää olla aidosti läsnä lapsen arjessa, koska näin he edistävät lapsen minäkuvan kehittymistä.
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Fung, Ka Man. "Injection characteristics of transport layers in PIN OLED." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1448.
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Moros, Oleg [Verfasser]. "Auslegung von Asynchronmaschinen mit konzentrierten Wicklungen / Oleg Moros." Aachen : Shaker, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1188548808/34.
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Tureck, Felipe. "Conversor eletrônico para dispositivos de iluminação a OLED." Florianópolis, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/100974.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia ElétricaMade available in DSpace on 2013-06-26T00:25:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 304617.pdf: 4449414 bytes, checksum: c266e747a4103b183cb7f674ff57c59c (MD5)
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo e a implementação de um conversor eletrônico para a realização do acionamento de um dispositivo de iluminação à OLED (LED orgânico). É proposto um conversor Buck operando com controle da corrente de saída para acionar este dispositivo. A frequência de comutação utilizada neste conversor é na ordem de centenas de kilohertz até um megahertz, possibilitando a redução do tamanho dos elementos passivos. Devido a característica elétrica do dispositivo OLED a potência envolvida é inferior a cinco watts. Como consequência, as perdas nos componentes e nos circuitos auxiliares possuem uma influência significativa na composição do rendimento. Por isto, também são estudadas e testadas algumas técnicas que podem possibilitar um aumento no rendimento da estrutura, formada pelo conversor eletrônico mais o dispositivo de iluminação, através da substituição ou da inclusão de alguns componentes no conversor Buck ou da utilização de outro conversor eletrônico visando à redução nas perdas.
This paper presents the study and implementation of an electronic converter for driving an OLED lighting device. A Buck converter operating with control of the output current is proposed to drive this device. The switching frequency used in this converter is in the order of hundreds of kHz to a MHz, allowing a reduction in the size of the passive elements. Due to the electrical characteristic of OLED device, the power involved is less than five watts. The components and auxiliary circuits losses have a significant influence on the composition of efficiency. Therefore, some techniques that can enable an increase in the efficiency of the structure are studied and tested, formed by the electronic converter and the lighting device. The techniques replace or add a few components in the Buck converter or using another electronic converter in order to reduce losses.
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Kunz, Susanna V. "Advanced polymer inks for solution-based OLED manufacturing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/232826/1/Susanna_Kunz_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis introduces a key step towards the industrial manufacturing of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED) used in display technologies and solid-state lighting. Thin polymer films for OLED devices can be deposited by resource efficient, precise ink-jet printing and through post-printing irradiation to form resistant networks suitable for multi-layer fabrication. Tailored polymers were designed to incorporate all relevant components such as the fluorescence emitter, the photocrosslinkers as well as the host material. The functional polymer’s composition and the light-driven crosslinking conditions were optimised.
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Habrard, Florian. "Élaboration de dispositifs et matériaux mixtes à base de polymères conjugués électroluminescents." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130247.
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Le sujet de cette thèse se situe dans le contexte de l'électronique organique à base de polymères conjugués. Nous avons choisi la famille des polyfluorènes principalement en raison de leur émission dans le bleu, leur bon rendement quantique ainsi que pour la facilité avec laquelle on peut modifier leurs propriétés en greffant différents groupements fonctionnels sur la structure de base du fluorène. L'originalité des recherches effectuées au laboratoire concerne la structure des dispositifs électroluminescents (cellules électrochimiques électroluminescentes ou OLEC) que nous réalisons. Leur principe de fonctionnement repose sur l'utilisation de liquides ioniques ajoutés directement au polymère conjugué sans l'intervention d'un polymère conducteur ionique. Le travail réalisé au cours de cette thèse a principalement consisté à tenter d'améliorer les performances du polyfluorène par l'utilisation de groupements fonctionnels permettant d'augmenter la compatibilité polymère / liquide ionique. Dans cette optique, nous avons mis en œuvre l'utilisation d'un outil de caractérisation particulièrement adapté à nos échantillons : la microscopie à force atomique en mode EFM ou KFM. Cela nous a permis de visualiser précisément la séparation de phase entre le polymère et le liquide ionique. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que le courant dans un dispositif était grossièrement proportionnel à l'interface polymère / liquide ionique. Nous avons alors proposé une hypothèse expliquant le mode de vieillissement des OLEC. L'amélioration du mélange, c'est-à-dire la maximisation de l'interface polymère / liquide ionique devrait ainsi permettre d'améliorer la durée de vie des dispositifs. L'utilisation de groupements PEO et cyano greffés sur le polyfluorène semble une voie à explorer. Enfin, nous avons décrit le comportement particulier du mélange polyfluorène cyano – THA-TFSI dont la morphologie évolue suivant les conditions de température et de pression.
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Reineke, Sebastian. "Controlling Excitons: Concepts for Phosphorescent Organic LEDs at High Brightness." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-39520.
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This work focusses on the high brightness performance of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The use of phosphorescent emitter molecules in OLEDs is essential to realize internal electron-photon conversion efficiencies of 100 %. However, due to their molecular nature, the excited triplet states have orders of magnitude longer time constants compared to their fluorescent counterparts which, in turn, strongly increases the probability of bimolecular annihilation. As a consequence, the efficiencies of phosphorescent OLEDs decline at high brightness – an effect known as efficiency roll-off, for which it has been shown to be dominated by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA). In this work, TTA of the archetype phosphorescent emitter Ir(ppy)3 is investi- gated in time-resolved photoluminescence experiments. For the widely used mixed system CBP:Ir(ppy)3, host-guest TTA – an additional unwanted TTA channel – is experimentally observed at high excitation levels. By using matrix materials with higher triplet energies, this effect is efficiently suppressed, however further studies show that the efficiency roll-off of Ir(ppy)3 is much more pronounced than predicted by a model based on Förster-type energy transfer, which marks the intrinsic limit for TTA. These results suggest that the emitter molecules show a strong tendency to form aggregates in the mixed film as the origin for enhanced TTA. Transmission electron microscopy images of Ir(ppy)3 doped mixed films give direct proof of emitter aggregates. Based on these results, two concepts are developed that improve the high brightness performance of OLEDs. In a first approach, thin intrinsic matrix interlayers are incorporated in the emission layer leading to a one-dimensional exciton confinement that suppresses exciton migration and, consequently, TTA. The second concept reduces the efficiency roll-off by using an emitter molecule with slightly differ- ent chemical structure, i.e. Ir(ppy)2(acac). Compared to Ir(ppy)3, this emitter has a much smaller ground state dipole moment, suggesting that the improved performance is a result of weaker aggregation in the mixed film. The knowledge gained in the investigation of triplet-triplet annihilation is further used to develop a novel emission layer design for white organic LEDs. It comprises three phosphorescent emitters for blue, green, and red emission embedded in a multilayer architecture. The key feature of this concept is the matrix material used for the blue emitter FIrpic: Its triplet energy is in resonance with the FIrpic excited state energy which enables low operating voltages and high power efficiencies by reducing thermal relaxation. In order to further increase the device efficiency, the OLED architecture is optically optimized using high refractive index substrates and thick electron transport layers. These devices reach efficiencies which are on par with fluorescent tubes – the current efficiency benchmark for light sourcesDiese Arbeit richtet ihren Fokus auf die Untersuchung der Leistungsfähigkeit von phosphoreszenten, Licht-emittierenden organischen Dioden (OLEDs) im Bereich hoher Betriebshelligkeiten. Phosphoreszente Emittermoleku ̈le werden in OLEDs eingesetzt, um interne Elektron-Photon Konversionseffizienzen von 100% zu erreichen. Begründet in ihrer chemischen Struktur, weisen die angeregten Triplett-Zustände dieser Emitter um Größenordnungen längere Zeitkonstanten als die Emission fluo- reszenter Materialien auf, sodass die Wahrscheinlichkeit bimolekularer Auslöschung stark ansteigt. Dies resultiert in einem deutlichen Effizienzrückgang phosphoreszenter OLEDs bei großen Leuchtdichten. Dieser als Roll-off bekannter Effekt wird bei hohen Anregungsdichten hauptsächlich durch Triplett-Triplett Annihilation (TTA) bestimmt. In der Arbeit wird TTA an einem Modellmolekül, dem phosphoreszenten Emit- ter Ir(ppy)3, in zeitaufgelösten Photolumineszenz Experimenten untersucht. Für das bekannte Emittersystem CBP:Ir(ppy)3 wird bei hohen Anregungsdichten Host-Guest TTA beobachtet, was einen zusätzlichen, ungewünschten TTA Kanal darstellt. Dieser Effekt wird durch das Verwenden von Matrix Materialien mit höherer Triplett Energie vermieden, jedoch zeigt sich in weiteren Untersuchungen, dass der Roll-off deutlich stärker ist als von einem auf Förster Energieübertrag basierendem Modell vorhergesagt, welches selbst ein intrinsisches Limit für TTA in phosphoreszenten Systemen beschreibt. Die Diskrepanz zwischen experimenteller Beobachtung und Modellvorhersage wird durch eine starke Tendenz des Emitters, Aggregate zu bilden, erklärt, was TTA deutlich verstärkt. Diese Aggregate werden mit Hilfe von Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie an Ir(ppy)3-dotierten Mischsystemen direkt nachgewiesen. Basierend auf diesen Resultaten werden zwei Konzepte entwickelt, um die Effizienz phosphoreszenter Systeme bei hohen Helligkeiten zu verbessern. Im ersten Ansatz werden dünne intrinsische Schichten des Matrixmaterials in die Emissionsschicht eingebaut, was die Exzitonenbewegung in einer Raumrichtung und damit auch TTA stark unterdrückt. Das zweite Konzept reduziert den Effizienz Roll-off durch die Verwendung eines phosphoreszenten Emitters Ir(ppy)2(acac) mit einer leicht abgeänderten Molekularstruktur. Im Vergleich mit Ir(ppy)3 weist dieser ein deutlich kleineres Dipolmoment im molekularen Grundzustand auf, wodurch die Aggregation vermindert wird. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen der TTA wird ein neuartiges Emissionsschicht-Design für weißes Licht entwickelt. In diesem Konzept werden drei phosphoreszente Materialien für blaue, grüne und rote Farbe in eine Vielschicht-Architektur eingebracht. Das Hauptmerkmal der Emissionsschicht ist die Wahl des Matrix-Materials für dem blauen Emitter FIrpic: Seine Triplett Energie liegt resonant zu dem FIrpic Triplett Zustand, wodurch niedrige Betriebsspannungen und hohe Leistungseffizienzen ermöglicht werden, da die thermische Relaxierung reduziert wird. Um die Ef- fizienz dieser weißen OLEDs weiter zu erhöhen, wird die entwickelte OLED Architektur zusätzlich durch die Verwendung von hochbrechenden Substraten und dicken Elektronen-Transportschichten optisch optimiert. Bei beleuchtungsrelevanten Helligkeiten erreichen diese OLEDs das Effizienzniveau von Leuchtstoffröhren – letztere stellen heute den Effizienz-Maßstab dar