Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Older people Institutional care Australia'
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1
Ruler, Amanda Jane. "Culture of nursing homes : an ethnomethodological study /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr935.pdf.
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Campbell, Kathleen J. "People over 85 years say I'd rather go under a train than go into a nursing home." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/202.
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This study uses a qualitative in-depth research design to explore the attitudes that community living people over 85 years of age (n=lO) hold towards relocating to an aged care facility. Aged care facilities are supported accommodation options for the elderly that were previously known as nursing homes or hostels (Commonwealth Department of Health and Family Services, 1997). This type of accommodation currently houses 31 % of the total population of people over 85 years of age (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2004-2005). Attitudes towards new environments are associated with relocation adjustment, and a review of the literature reveals negative perceptions by younger elderly people towards aged care facilities. Demographic trends indicate a rapid increase in the number of very-old people who are in the high-risk group for admission to aged care facilities; however there is a paucity of research regarding their attitudes towards such relocation. There are many implications for aged care service providers as a result of these demographic trends, but particularly in relation to accommodation options for the elderly. This research examines the attitudes that the very-old hold about going into residential care. It also explores the emotions underpinning that attitude. The main areas that emerged included concerns over media representation, perceived lack of control and fear of a loss of independence. There were very negative attitudes toward the loss of the home itself followed by concerns over loss of personal possessions. The very-old have such rich histories embedded in their home and possessions that these things become a part of their identity and culture (Moore, 2000) rather that a separate entity, and therefore the loss of these possessions could ultimately lead to the loss of self. The results have proven to be generally negative toward relocation to an aged care facility and combined with an assumption by the participants that there is no opportunity for future planning once in care, some expressed they would choose death rather than relocation. The implications of allowing these negative attitudes to continue without interventions based on further research and community consultation, will only add to the relocation stress syndrome already being experienced by many of very senior members of society (Capezuti, Boltz, & Renz, 2004).
3
Buckley, Patricia Louise, and pbuckley@swin edu au. "'A sense of place' : the role of the building in the organisation culture of nursing homes." Swinburne University of Technology, 2000. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060317.114711.
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This study attempted to identifj and explore the role the building plays in the
organisation culture of nursing homes. To do this a research plan was formulated in
which the central plank was a case-study of a seventy-five bed high care nursing home.
As part of the case-study, interviews were conducted at the nursing home with ten
members of staff, two residents and a daughter of a resident. The study was also
informed by interviews with two architects, who specialise in the design of nursing
homes and aged care facilities. A theoretical model entitled the 'Conceptual
Framework' was developed prior to the case-study. It was tested by applying it to
findings related to the physical context and the organisation culture of the case-study
venue. The hypothesis that the building does influence the culture of the nursing home
environment was explored by studying the manner in which the building influenced the
lives of those who work in the nursing home and those who live there. This challenge
was met with the use of theoretical contributions from organisation theory and psychodynamics,
which together provided a vehicle for analysis of the culture and the
building's role in it.
4
Yu, Mei-yuk Doris. "The perceptions of home help services recipients towards institutional services." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470289.
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Kingsley, Elizabeth J. S. "Articulating and ameliorating elder abuse in Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1753.
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The abuse of older people is a largely unrecognised and under acknowledged social problem in Australia. My major objective in undertaking the work, which is represented by the original published articles that comprise the thesis, was to make a scholarly and practical contribution toward the minimisation of 'elder abuse. This objective was achieved with the development and implementation of a series of studies that articulated and ameliorated elder abuse in Australia.The thesis provides an erudite synthesis of these studies, which fall into four themes that illustrate the nature and scope of my theoretical and professional work in elder abuse. Much of the work was guided by a conceptual framework of ways of knowing in nursing, and was underpinned by the principles and practice of community development and participatory community-based action processes.The outcomes of these studies include work with three stakeholder groups: professionals who deal with elder abuse, older people who are victims or potential victims of abuse, and those who perpetrate abuse on an older person. The work, illustrated in the four themes, includesthe articulation of elder abuse issues with West Australian aged care workersthe development of elder abuse protocols, policy guidelines and ethical principles, to guide professional practice in abuse prevention and interventionthe design and implementation of participative community programs to empower older people, and their carers, to resist being abused or abusing and to assist perpetrators stop their abusethe amelioration of abuse of nursing home residents by staff.The thesis situates my conceptual and clinical effort within the wider corpus of Australian knowledge and practice on elder abuse and contributes to addressing the social problem of elder abuse within the context of Australian aged care.
6
Allen, Natalie Ruth. "The transition to institutional living : the experience of elderly people." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24410.
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The purpose of this study is to identify how elderly subjects perceive their transition from home to institutional living.
The study was conducted with a convenience sample of five subjects, 6-13 months following their admission to a unit which provides care for dependent elderly clients. The methodology introduced by Glaser and Strauss (1967), for the discovery of grounded theory, was used.
A conceptualization of the transition to institutional living as five sequential and inter-related phases is introduced. These phases are: anticipation, reaction, interpretation, negotiation and integration. In the first two phases subjects' responses to challenges to development, introduced by the transition, tend to predominate. The third and fourth phases are characterized by subjects' working through these challenges to achieve mastery within the new situation. The final phase is manifest in each individual's attributing personal meaning to the transition within the context of his or her total life.
Mastery within the new situation is achieved through problem solving approaches to increasing dependency, acceptance of personal responsibility for adjustment, and the perception of
institutionalization as but one incident in each individual's life history.
This transition was found to differ from those described amongst younger populations. It is proposed that this difference occurs as a function of developmental stage, frailty, and the environmental situation.
The findings of this study a) emphasize the holistic nature and complexity of nursing practice with frail elderly clients, b) support the use of concepts from developmental theory as a basis for nursing practice with elderly clients, and c) suggest ways in which nursing education and research may contribute to the development of nursing care for elderly clients.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
7
Howsare, Valerie S. "Threat appraisal and coping in family members of the newly institutionalized elderly." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/546142.
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The study problem was that sane individuals found institutionalizing a family member stressful, and family members required assistance in coping. The purposes of the study were to examine threat appraisal, degree of threat, and coping responses in a sample of family members of newly institutionalized elderly. The study was a descriptive correlational investigation which utilized Lazarus' theory of stress and coping as the theoretical framework.There were 21 questionnaires received from a convenience sample obtained through four nursing hens in the vicinity of a small city in Indiana. Five major categories of threat were identified. A high degree of threat was associated with each category. Both problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping were utilized.Pearson product-mcinent correlation was used to determine that no significant relationship existed between coping responses utilized and degree of threat. ANOVA was used to reveal that there were no significant differences between coping responses utilized and demographic variables. Each scale was determined to be reliable by usage of Cronbach's alpha.School of Nursing
8
Loh, Poh Kooi. "Innovations in health for older people in Western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0051.
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Australia and many other developed communities are ageing rapidly, placing a strain on the delivery of health services. This thesis examines the use of innovative health services management coupled with information and communication technology (ICT) to more efficiently deliver services to disabled older people in the hospital, community and residential care. The hypothesis explored is that ICT can provide clinical services to older people in poorly serviced communities and groups, thus extending the influence and capabilities of specialist health care professionals. The relevance of these studies is predominantly for those people who live outside the metropolitan regions, particularly in remote and rural communities, and also for those frail older people, who because of disability, are unable to travel to specialist health services. There are a series of studies presented in this thesis which have all been published. They have demonstrated that in a community and rural setting, ICT use in the assessment and management of geriatric syndromes such as dementia is valid and practical. This included the validation of commonly used assessment tools via Telehealth. A Telehealth protocol for assessment of Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) was developed and published. The use of ICT to link health services clinical and administrative data for determining stroke outcomes and disability has been evaluated and a resource utilization prediction model developed. Finally, in residential care a survey and a qualitative study of poor uptake of ICT services in hostels and nursing homes revealed insights into ICT perception by the older people in care facilities and their professional staff. The implications and future development of these studies have been discussed, especially barriers to increased uptake of ICT, cost comparisons and the potential of future technologies such as video conferencing mobile phones.
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Cook, Ailsa. "Understanding the communication of older people with dementia living in residential care." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3301.
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This thesis explores the communication of a group of older people with dementia living in a residential care home and specifically, seeks to understand how living with dementia in a care home influences communication. The study draws broadly on a symbolic interactionist perspective and uses an ethnographic, inclusive, video methodology. In so doing, the study grounds the research in the experiences of the older residents with dementia and explores communication as it is interwoven with social life. The empirical data, on which this thesis is based, were gathered over the course of six months in one residential care home in Central Scotland. Analysis of these data, in conjunction with the theoretical literature informing the study, led to the development of a framework and a set of concepts to understand the communication of the older people with dementia living in residential care. This framework was used to examine the ways in which the older residents' experiences of institutionalisation, ageing, and dementia, generally, and of life in the care setting, specifically, influenced their communication. The findings revealed that the older residents made diverse meanings of their experiences in the home, and mat many of the meanings that they made were threatening to their self-identity, self-determinacy and social relationships. The residents engaged in a range of strategies to respond to the impact of these meanings and to negotiate their life in the care home. The research presented in this thesis has many implications for understanding the experiences of older people with dementia in residential care. In particular, the research highlights the need for a new social understanding of dementia, that examines the experience of dementia in relation to broad structural and cultural processes and that seeks to promote the social inclusion and citizenship of older people with dementia.
10
Toye, Christine. "Perceived social support of family members of aged care facility residents and its relationship with family members well-being and their support of relatives in residential care." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1358.
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When elderly people are cared for In Aged Care Facilities (ACFs) it is known that their family members frequently suffer negative effects. These effects may be alleviated by social support and, because they feel better, family members may then offer more support to residents. In this study, the researcher tested a model with a sample of 213 family members of ACF residents. Predictive relationships were hypothesised among incentives for family members to support residents, stress related factors, the perceived formal and Informal support of family members, their psychological wellbeing, and the support they offered to residents. The researcher also developed the Relatives' of Aged Care Residents Assessment of Staff Support Tool (RACRASST) to measure family members' perceptions of support from the staff. The researcher developed the RACRASST from data obtained at interviews with family members of ACF residents and ACF staff, and from a review of the literature. The instrument underwent testing and refinement procedures, including a factor analysis. The test-retest reliability co-efficient for the scale was found to be 0.99 over 2-3 days. As used In the study, the RACRASST was a 29-ltem unidimensional scale. Response options ranged from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree. A not applicable option was retained to identify Items needing review. Items referred to staff/family member communication, staff care activities, staff use of the environment, and family members' perceptions of a reliable alliance between themselves and the staff. The instrument was re-examined during the study and two items were deleted because of a high percentage of missing/not applicable responses. Cronbach's alpha co-efficient for the 27-item RACRASST was 0.96. Findings of model testing confirmed hypothesised positive predictive relationships between residents' family members' well-being (the dependent variable) and both family members' perceptions of the residents' adjustment and the length of stay. Pressures related to the placement were confirmed as negatively predicting well-being In family members, and the degree to which family members felt attached to residents was confirmed as positively predicting their self-reported support of residents. The familial relationship between the family member and the resident was also confirmed as predicting family members' well-belng. Support from ACF staff was not a significant predictor of family members' well-being, and well-being failed to predict family members' support for residents. An empirical model was also developed. This model accounted for 47% of the variance in family members' well-belng and 23% of the variance In family members' self-reported support for residents. Family members' perceptions of their informal support were found to account for 7% of the variance In support for residents and 5% of the variance in pressures experienced because of the placement. Pressures in family members negatively predicted their health and well-belng, and being a residents' daughter was a positive predictor of pressures. The main conclusion is that informal support is potentially highly beneficial to residents' family members. Accordingly, it is recommended that ACF staff facilitate supportive relationships among family members and residents. Further research to develop and test the RACRASST and to test the empirical model is also recommended.
11
Fleming, Brian James. "The social gradient in health : trends in C20th ideas, Australian Health Policy 1970-1998, and a health equity policy evaluation of Australian aged care planning /." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf5971.pdf.
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McCormack, Cynthia Ann. "LONELINESS IN THE INSTITUTIONALIZED AGED." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275240.
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McDowell, Mary Jane. "The role and application of horticultural therapy with institutionalized older people /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28021.
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This thesis is an exploratory examination of the role of horticultural therapy with institutionalized older people. Chapter one considers the demographic trends which are taking place in Canada with respect to the aging population. The need for service provision is discussed from a social work perspective. The traditional medical and custodial models of care in institutions are critiqued and the psychosocial model, which incorporates a consideration of 'higher' needs such as quality of life and attainment of meaning, is presented as an alternative. Chapter two provides an introduction to horticulture as therapy and includes a literature review and comprehensive history of this therapeutic modality. The theoretical principles of horticultural therapy are explored, with special emphasis on its application with older people in long-term care. Chapter three presents the methodology for field research which involved phenomenological qualitative interviews with nine older people who were living in institutions. Chapter four introduces the research findings. Analysis of the narratives of these participants found that horticultural therapy offers significant benefits, including increased quality of life. Chapter five concludes with proposals for further research and social work practice implications.
14
Kim, Kyung Ho. "Equity in the provision and use of institutional care for older people in Korea." Thesis, Online version, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.251875.
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Kingsley, Elizabeth J. S. "Articulating and ameliorating elder abuse in Australia." Curtin University of Technology, School of Nursing, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13966.
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The abuse of older people is a largely unrecognised and under acknowledged social problem in Australia. My major objective in undertaking the work, which is represented by the original published articles that comprise the thesis, was to make a scholarly and practical contribution toward the minimisation of 'elder abuse. This objective was achieved with the development and implementation of a series of studies that articulated and ameliorated elder abuse in Australia.The thesis provides an erudite synthesis of these studies, which fall into four themes that illustrate the nature and scope of my theoretical and professional work in elder abuse. Much of the work was guided by a conceptual framework of ways of knowing in nursing, and was underpinned by the principles and practice of community development and participatory community-based action processes.The outcomes of these studies include work with three stakeholder groups: professionals who deal with elder abuse, older people who are victims or potential victims of abuse, and those who perpetrate abuse on an older person. The work, illustrated in the four themes, includesthe articulation of elder abuse issues with West Australian aged care workersthe development of elder abuse protocols, policy guidelines and ethical principles, to guide professional practice in abuse prevention and interventionthe design and implementation of participative community programs to empower older people, and their carers, to resist being abused or abusing and to assist perpetrators stop their abusethe amelioration of abuse of nursing home residents by staff.The thesis situates my conceptual and clinical effort within the wider corpus of Australian knowledge and practice on elder abuse and contributes to addressing the social problem of elder abuse within the context of Australian aged care.
16
Chua, Aniceta. "Care workers’ views on social support for older people in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160498.
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This study seeks the views of care workers working with older people about what impact social support resources has on the living conditions of older people. Social support was conceptualised in the study as support received from family members or close friends of the older people. Care workers were asked to share their views about social support for older people receiving care support in institutional setting or receiving home-based support services. This qualitative investigation involved eight care workers working with older people in Sweden. It has been argued in the study that care workers proving support for older people could have useful information about the social support of older people because they would have witnessed interactions between older people and their immediate network members. Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight care workers providing care support in institutions and home-based to explore their perspectives on the impact of social support on older people. Data from the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. It was revealed from the views of care workers that both family and friends were engaged in different ways to provide support for older people, although not at all times. Managing loneliness, satisfaction with life and feeling better about themselves emerged as the ways social support impacted on the living conditions of older people. The care workers highlighted certain activities or areas that could ensure continuity of social support for older people. These included family members having regular contact with older people, older people acknowledging the need for support. Implications of the study for the practice of care for older people were highlighted.
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Gurm, Balbir Kaur. "Life review and the institutionalized elderly." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29725.
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Using a pre- and post-test design with both experimental and control groups, the research was conducted to see if life review improved the independence, depression, and integrated functioning of the institutionalized elderly. The elderly on the long term care unit of an acute care hospital waiting to be placed in a long term care facility were studied using a pre- and post-test design. Patients who were not depressed and could communicate in English were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups when possible. Patients in the experimental groups attended eight life review sessions over a four week period while the control groups carried on with the usual activities on the unit. Three scales, the Geriatric Depression Scale, Activities of Daily Living Evaluation Form, and the Geriatric Rating Scale were administered before the four week period and after. Data was also collected during the sessions on group process using the Group Process Observational Checklist on the experimental groups. Demographic data was collected on all the patients in the study. It was found that the experimental group did become more independent, integrated and less depressed. This study indicated that life review is beneficial for the institutionalized elderly but, it could not show exactly what variables in the life review process contributed to these positive results. Replication studies are needed to validate these findings.Education, Faculty of
Educational Studies (EDST), Department of
Graduate
18
Matla, Oliver T. "Aging with dignity : elderly housing in an urban setting." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1164839.
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The living situation of the older generation is a matter of increasing social concern. Demographic changes are leading to larger proportions of elderly people in the populations of the developed world. Tied into this evolution and even more important are the processes of social change - in particular the loosening of traditional family bonds - which make the living situation of older people extremely precarious once they begin to become frail.One aspect of the living situation of older people, namely their housing situation, or more specifically the question of housing and care, has long been neglected or mainly answered with uniform solutions of institutionalized housing for the elderly. Today, these cannot be seen as the only answer to the diverse needs of elderly people, especially since the housing situation has a very strong influence in determining their degree of self-sufficiency. The increased need for housing suited to the needs of elderly people is the impetus for additional investigation, improvement of present conditions, and studies of future developments. The resulting knowledge and impact on the built environment will be very important to academia and the future education of all environmental design professionals as well as society in general.The purpose of this investigation is to illustrate the significance and relationship of socialand spatial requirements within the concept of living and care, because only the simultaneous addressing of these conditions allows for 'aging with dignity'. The existing demographic situation as well as the inadequate housing situation for the elderly makes it important to investigate the provision of health care, social services, and everyday necessities along with a well-designed architectural and urban development framework.This paper consists of three main parts. The first two parts focus on the research of theoretical and practical design aspects as they pertain to current thinking in elderly care and assisted living. This is accomplished through an investigation of published international examples. In addition, valuable information about the housing needs and desires of elderly people was gathered by exploring four built examples in the United States and Germany, thus helping to identify the framework of the architectural exploration.The third part documents the development and process of both an operational and design concept for elderly housing in a selected urban community. The site is located in Potsdam, Germany, within an existing urban block of the old city core. The architectural design attempts to express the idea of 'aging in dignity' and includes thoughts about the interrelation of new and existing residential units as well as their impact on the context.The aim of the study is to ascertain information about the effects of diverse, networked and, in part, innovative facilities and services on the independent living capabilities of the elderly, and the control over one's living environment. Promoting independent living, this study should help to determine the extent to which these services could be provided.Department of Architecture
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Tomlinson, Carol D. "Caregivers to the institutionalized elderly : a training manual." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/458312.
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The purpose of this manual is to provide information for caregivers to enhance the understanding of the confused, institutionalized geriatric resident, and to identify, describe, and develop skill areas for implementing an effective plan of caregiver/resident interaction.The intended learner population for use of the manual is the institutional caregiver providing direct, daily care for the older facility resident. The manual is designed for either individual or small group training.ContentThe training manual is divided into five instructional units. Unit 1, "A Profile of the Confused, Geriatric Resident," provides a sketch of the physical and emotional considerations so much a part of the institutionalized geriatric population. Unit 2, "The Role of Attitudes in Caregiving for the Institutionalized Elderly," explores how attitudes toward the elderly resident are developed, and explains the use of stereotyping in the development of attitudes and through the care provided by the worker.The third unit, "Abandoning Old Roles, Assuming New Roles," focuses upon the various social roles forfeited or lost as a consequence of institutionalization of the older adult. In addition, functional and dysfunctional roles often assumed by the long-term care resident are presented as well. The final narrative unit, "Communication: Its Role and Practice in the Long-term Care Facility," outlines the function of communication skills in the resident/caregiver interaction and discusses ways of developing various communication techniques to support the therapeutic role of the institutional caregiver.The closing unit provides professional growth references for institutional caregivers. Materials include annotated bibliographical references, simulation and gaming materials, films, and videotapes.Design and ApplicationAs mentioned, the material in the manual is designed for either group or individual use. Each learner unit is prefaced with intended learner objectives. The various manual units conclude with unit material summaries and unit glossary. In addition, each narrative unit contains exercises or discussion guides to further promote and reinforce intended objectives for individual units.Those learners desiring additional resources for growth and development may utilize the annotated bibliographic and information unit, arranged by unit topics, to further individual pursuits.
20
Steven, John Mowat. "Problems/needs inventory of seniors with arthritis : implications for training of care-facility staff." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26127.
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A problems/needs inventory enquired into special social-psychological-emotional problems experienced by seniors in care facilities, due to arthritis. The inventory was based on three questions: are there any such problems? If so, what are they? And, what could be done by facility staff to help relieve such problems? This was the first stage in a proposed larger project: to develop a Social Work component dealing with such special problems, in order to augment an existing staff training program, and to test, evaluate, revise and implement the complete program package.
A community-based approach was used. The Department of Social Work Services at the Arthritis Society produced a listing of key areas of concern at a brainstorming session; health-care and social-service professionals were surveyed by interview or by the Delphi Technique; a seniors' arthritis support group participated in a Nominal Group Technique session; care-facility staff met to discuss relevant issues; and, data was gleaned from current literature by a content analysis method.
There was general agreement that seniors in care with arthritis do have special social-psychological-emotional problems because of the disease, and also there was consistency regarding the nature of these problems.
Analysis of the data led to findings that included the following propositions: A sense of self-reliance and of social integration are essential to well-being. Limitations on movement, and the effects of chronic pain and of pain medication are associated with significant social-psychological emotional problems among seniors in care with arthritis. Two principles of care were identified: 1) support and encourage independence; and, 2) support and encourage social integration.
The propositions will be applied to the development of the content of the Social Work component of the training program. Also, many respondents made important recommendations regarding methods and format for the training program. These are included in this paper.Arts, Faculty of
Social Work, School of
Graduate
21
Lau, Wai-kwan Dianna. "The utilisation of home care and residential care services by seniors in Canada: critical appraisal." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4693862X.
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Leung, Man-fuk Edward, and 梁萬福. "An analysis of policy on residential nursing care for the elderly in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964084.
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Liu, Hong, and 劉紅. "Development of residential care for older persons in China: a case study of Tianjin." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37034030.
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Chalmers, Jane. "The oral health of older adults with dementia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc438.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 347-361. Presents results of 2 longitudinal studies investigating the oral health of older adults with dementia, using questionnaires and clinical inspections at baseline and one year. Groups studied were nursing home residents and those living in the community, with moderate to severe dementia or no dementia diagnosis. Caries experience was related to dementias severity and not to specific dementia diagnoses. Coronal and root caries experience was higher in dementia participants with moderate-severe dementia, the socio-economically disadvantaged, more functionally dependent, taking neuroleptic medications with high anticholinergic adverse effects, with eating and swallowing problems, were not attending the dentist, who needed assistance and were behaviourally difficult during oral hygiene care and whose carers were burdened.
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Marquis, Ruth. "The meaning of quality in living service environments: An analysis of the experiences of people with disabilities, elderly people and service workers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/976.
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The purpose of the study was to examine the experiences of both people with disabilities and elderly people and to identify their perceptions of quality as it relates to living in a service or being supported by a service to live in the community. The study was naturalistic in design and used a phenomenological approach and inductive analysis. It involved immersion in living services for a two year period, in-depth interviews with people living and working in services and participant observation. Fifty service users between the ages of twenty-one and ninety-six, and twenty-six service workers between the ages of twenty-six and fifty-four were informants in the study. The study comprised of three phases, the first phase involved repeated in-depth interviews with service users in two disability and two aged care living services to examine the experiences of people living in services and their perceptions of quality. As a result of the consistency with which relationships with key staff members emerged in the context of quality experiences, selected service workers who were named by service users were also interviewed. The findings in this phase indicated that relationships experienced by service users in their encounters with service workers were more significant in service users' evaluation of quality than tangible acts of physical and environmental care. Relational experiences of people living in services were variable. Some informants experienced consistent validation and socio-emotional support, whilst others experienced role distancing and negative communication experiences. Service workers who were interviewed as a result of being identified by service users in the context of quality, attached importance to the relational domain in the acts and behaviours of providing a service. They also attached personal meaning to their roles as service workers and shared the view that their role as service worker was underpinned by an ethos of communality. The second phase of the study involved accessing another five disability and five aged care services to collect further data to support or refute the findings from phase one. As a result a large data bank was established to confirm the consistency with which relational experiences in living services were linked to perceptions of quality by both service users and service providers. Acts and behaviours which were consistently present in the context of quality were also identified and the need for emotional support in the living context was further confirmed. The third phase of the study involved an in-depth analysis and identification of commonly experienced categories of relationships between service users and workers. Relationships were categorised into ethical and technical living service experiences and exemplars used to illustrate findings. Data analysis indicated that service experiences lie on a continuum, with mutually supportive relationships between service users and workers at one end, and physical and psychological abuse at the other. Experiences were variable in singular service contexts. This highlighted the individual nature of service relationships between service users and workers and the need to articulate human service as relationship. It also highlighted the inadequacies of using standard measures to evaluate quality in living services.
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Martin, Christine. "The lived experience of the aged care nurse." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/959.
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The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and interpret the common, shared meanings of the experience of aged care nursing from the perspective of the registered nurse working in a nursing home. There are insufficient registered nurses being attracted into aged care, with resulting difficulties in maintaining regular staffing levels in nursing homes. Previous studies conducted in Australia have predominantly used quantitative research methods to investigate various influences QD the recruitment and retention of aged care nurses. These studies do not take into account the practitioners' perceptions of their experience of aged care nursing. A purposive sample of 15 registered nurses was interviewed and the resulting data were analysed using phenomenology to identify thematic structures of the experience of aged care nursing. The NUD.IST qualitative data analysis software package was used as an analysis tool. Significant statements were coded, patterns and relations between categories were identified and the categories were clustered into conceptual, hierarchical themes. Four major themes emerged as being central to the experience of aged care nursing-Gratification, Rapport, Non-productivity and Conflict. While constraints and obstacles to productivity and personal and political conflict may be seen as the negative aspects of aged care, these experiences were relieved by uplifting events described within the framework of resident care and rapport, and collegial support. The nature of aged care nursing is both complex and ambiguous but nurses have readily identified the interwoven threads of the experience. Findings from this study will increase the depth of understanding of aged care nursing and hence contribute to the development of a nursing home environment which enriches the experience of both nurse and resident.
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Tresidder, Anna Foucek. "The Institutional Context that Supports Team-Based Care for Older Adults." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1517.
Full textAbstract:
The aging population in the U.S. is dramatically increasing; it is predicted that not only will individuals live longer but also that they will live with multiple chronic diseases that could require high levels of medical and social resources. While the aging population increases, the number of health care providers choosing to specialize in caring for the elderly is decreasing just as dramatically. Teams are believed to be a possible response to more efficiently use the providers available, take advantage of alternative provider types, and integrate a range of health and social services to meet patient needs more effectively. Interdisciplinary teams are the best practice in the care of older adults, who require both medical and social services. However, maintaining functional collaborative teams has been an ever-present challenge to health and social care organizations. Research has found that institutional support is critical for teams to benefit patients and organizations alike.
This study examined the role of institutional context in supporting interdisciplinary teams (IDT) in the care of older adults through interviews of the management and staff of the Program for All-Inclusive Care of the Elderly (PACE) in six states. PACE organizations must commit to an interdisciplinary model of care consisting of 11 different disciplines from across the professional spectrum. The research question posed for this study was: What elements of institutional context support the use of interdisciplinary teams in the care of older adults? Due to the standardized team structure used, PACE was selected as the model to see how institutions at macro and micro levels support the work done by PACE teams and possibly highlight where support is still lacking. A case study approach drawing upon qualitative methods was used to examine policy-regulative, cultural-cognitive, normative, relational, and procedural elements of institutional context and the extent to which they support collaborative teamwork. Thirty-two interviews were conducted with administrators and team members from seven PACE programs across the country. For these PACE programs, five elements and 14 categories of support were identified by the interviewees. Policy and regulatory elements constrain and systematize behavior. PACE IDT experience these constraints and systems through regulatory body practices, resource allocation, and quality measurement. Cultural-cognitive elements mediate between an IDT's external environmrder to make sense of what is happening. PACE IDTs create meaning through their interactions with their external environments through interdependence, demographic characteristics, and organizational structure. Normative findings constrain behavior and confer the rights and duties of IDT members, which arise from organizational mission and values, leadership, and professient and the response of the IDT in oonal boundaries. Relational elements emphasize relationships among IDT members and team interaction with the organization's environment. Social constructs within the team affect role definition and communication, which support IDT practice. Procedural support standardizes practices to maintain highly functional teams. In order to support IDT practice, PACE organizations highlighted recruitment and retention, time and space, and training and education as the primary ways to support IDTs. These categories illustrate the complexity of supporting teams and actualizing teamwork in practice. These findings suggest that PACE is succeeding in supporting the IDT model and provides lessons for other organizations that wish to do the same.
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Lai, Po-yi, and 黎寶儀. "To review the admission criteria and to study the role being played byhome for the aged in the community care networks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894276.
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Sin, Shun-ying Maria, and 冼順英. "An analysis of the decision-making process within households in relation to the residential care services for the elderly in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193782.
Full textAbstract:
Background
Population ageing is a major public health concern globally as older people with disabilities or suffering from chronic diseases are expected to live longer. The demographic shift in Hong Kong is particularly pronounced and increasing resources on elderly healthcare will add substantially to the government’s financial burden. Research has shown the importance of better understanding the healthcare challenges posed by an ageing population in order to promote informed choice, align policy with need, and deliver effective, efficient and sustainable health services.
Objectives
This dissertation explores the circumstances and factors that influence a household’s decision to place an elderly person in a care home. It considers the decision-making process in the contexts of the interactions and negotiations that take place within and between household members; a key objective is to examine the extent to which the elderly are themselves participants in this decision-making process.
Description of the sample
The researcher interviewed a total of nine Hong Kong Chinese residents from two private nursing homes. They were between 63 and 92 years of age at the time of the interview and had been residing in a care home for an average of 2.5 years.
Methods
This is a qualitative research study in which primary data were gathered through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. The research focused on subjects with high-functional status. An inductive approach to thematic analysis was adopted.
Results
The majority of the subjects had been admitted to hospital as a result of an acute health incident. They were subsequently transferred to the care home directly from the hospital. The subjects drew a direct link between the health incident and their placement in the care home. It became apparent in the course of the interviews, however, that other contextual factors had played an important role in the decision-making process, determining how the subjects themselves retrospectively rationalized their relocations. Over the course of data analysis, family relations, assumed gender roles, perceptions of self-identity, and practical constraints were identified as themes that impacted upon the decision-making process in relation to placement decision within a household setting. The findings suggested the degree to which the broader context of the subjects’ past life experiences permeated the decision-making process. It also underscored the importance of the roles and responsibilities assumed by the elderly.
Conclusion
By examining how the elderly themselves discuss their experiences and justify their choices, the study sheds light on the cultural assumptions, conventions and traditions that shape how subjects perceive norms of behaviour, expectations and responsibilities.
Future studies might extend the scope of research further to incorporate the views of household members, who are also potential caregivers. Given that the subjects were admitted to care homes after an acute health episode, which resulted in hospitalization, it would also be worth exploring alternative options in relation to the discharge arrangements for elderly persons. This study would also benefit from further research into the comprehensive long-term care system in Hong Kong, including the provision of services, long-term housing, healthcare choices, and the financing of long-term care.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Holmes, Thomas R. "Prediction and control of wandering behavior : simulating natural contingencies of control." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/472941.
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This study investigated the effects of an intervention designed to reduce the wandering of an 80 year old female resident of a long term care facility. A behavioral analysis of natural contingencies which maintained behaviors incompatible with wandering was conducted and the data from this analysis used to develop an intervention. The intervention simulated a dining room table and coffee break which naturally maintained sitting. An ABAC design revealed that this intervention was functionally related to a reduction in the proportion of a twenty minute interval spent wandering. The discussion focuses on possible causes of wandering and future directions for establishing a behavioral technology to control wandering.
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Ng, Siu-ping Ann, and 伍少萍. "Evaluating a case management program in a care and attention home for the elderly." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250531.
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Cutshaw, Laura M. (Laura Marie). "Assessment of Functional Communication Skills in Institutionalized and Non-Institutionalized Elderly Subjects Using the Spontaneous Speech and Auditory Comprehension Subtests of the Western Aphasia Battery." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500560/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in functional communication skills between elderly persons in nursing homes and those living independently in the community. Thirty non-institutionalized elderly subjects were given the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) screening tool. These scores were compared to WAB screening scores obtained from 20 institutionalized subjects. The difference between these scores was statistically significant. The institutionalized subjects' scores were also correlated with a Facilitators Evaluation of Communication Skills (FECS) inventory. Results showed a moderate correlation between the institutionalized subjects' WAB screening score and their FECS rating. The benefits of a screening tool for elderly populations are discussed.
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Stehlik, Daniela Anna. "Making the invisible visable : an analysis of the Home and Community Care Program : a socialist-feminist perspective." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1991. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1118.
Full textAbstract:
As the population of Australia ages, social policy and human service practice in the field of aged care is increasingly important and relevant. The Home and community Care (H.A.C.C.) Program was established in 1985 by the Labor Government as a response to a demand for more community services for the frail aged and was designed to reduce the incidence of institutionalisation by increasing home care services. In this way the Home and Community Care Program is seen as linchpin in the Federal Government's initiative to create an efficient and cost-effective aged care policy to contend with the future growth of Australia's ageing population. This thesis argues that there are several assumptions intrinsic to the H.AC.C. Program that are potentially jeopardising and undermining its usefulness. These assumptions are based on familial ideology and nostalgic conceptualizations of 'the community’ and 'the family'. In addition, these assumptions also involve stereotypic attitudes to women as primary carers and nurturers that ignore, to a great degree, the needs of women themselves. These assumptions, combined with an increasingly neo-conservative view about a reduction in the role of the State and a corresponding increase in family responsibility in welfare, have major implications for Australian women. This socialist-feminist analysis argues that women who are providing care for aged spouses or relatives are doing essential, hard and stressful work, work which is unpaid and often unacknowledged, and that the Australian welfare system is now structured around the invisible labour of such women. Consequentially, the assumption that a social policy program such as H.A.C.C. makes, that is, that there will always be women who care, requires further analysis. This research has revealed that such assumptions have implications for the future development of social policy for the aged in Australia and on the future roles of women in this country. Particular questions which this thesis addresses include, firstly, who actually provides care? Empirical research indicates that the majority of care is provided by one individual, usually the spouse, daughter or daughter-in law. Secondly, what are the assumptions underlying the development and implementation of Home and Community Care social policy in relation to the social construction of caring? Such assumptions are found to include, that the H.A.C.C. Program is premised upon an erroneous concept of the 'community' and consequentially 'community care' and that traditional 'family' and familial values are a precondition to H.A.C.C. service delivery. A socialist-feminist critique offers a deeper analysis of such assumptions by disclosing that the Home and Community Care policies assume that service delivery can be best undertaken by extending the traditional domestic role of women, thus utilising them as an unpaid, or poorly paid, labour force. This analysis also discloses the explicit rejection of the informal service system as having any real economic significance but rather being viewed as ‘complementary’ to the formal service system. Finally, there are future implications of such assumptions for women as primary carers, services users or paid staff within the H.A.C.C. Program which require urgent cognisance in order to develop a future aged care policy in Australia that avoids exploitation of women.
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Walts, Nancy S. "Multidimensional assessment of cognitively impaired adults age 65 years of age and older." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/535895.
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The purpose of the study was to validate the use of the Geriatric Functional Rating Scale (GFRS) in assessing cognitively impaired individuals 65 years of age and older to determine the need for institutionalization. The population of interest consisted of individuals 65 years of age and older exhibiting cognitive impairment and residing in Delaware County, Indiana. A nonrandomized two-group experimental design was utilized for the study. Eighty subjects were selected from two subpopulations consisting of 40 institutionalized and 40 noninstitutionalized elderly.Two geriatric assessment tools were used for the study, the Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Geriatric Functional Rating Scale (GFRS). The hypothesis for the study stated that the mean GFRS score of the noninstitutionalized subjects, the control group, would be significantly greater than the mean score of the institutionalized subjects, the experimental group.The MSQ scores as well as the means and standard deviations for the seven subscales of the GFRS were reported for the two groups. A one-tailed t-test was used to test the hypothesis. A decision with regard to the hypothesis was made at the .05 level.Findings of the study included the following:1. The subjects ranged in age from 65 to 92 years, were 90 percent female, and predominantly Protestant, 88 percent.2. The MSQ scores for the combined groups ranged from minimal cognitive impairment, 71 percent, to severe cognitive impairment, four percent.3. The total mean score on the GFRS for the institutionalized group was 6.8 indicating a need for institutionalization.4. The total score on the GFRS of the noninstitutionalized was over 10 times higher at 70.7.5. The noninstitutionalized group scored significantly higher in the GFRS (p<.00) than the institutionalized counterparts.In conclusion, the research supports the use of the Geriatric Functional Rating Scale in assessing the need for institutionalization in cognitively impaired individuals, 65 years of age and older in Delaware County, Indiana.Department of Educational Administration and Supervision
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Tan, Haiping, and 譚海平. "Prevention and arrest of root surface caries in Chinese elders living in residential homes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37196297.
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Trigg, Lisa. "Improving the quality of residential care for older people : a study of government approaches in England and Australia." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3772/.
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Improving the quality of residential care for older people is a priority for many governments, but the relationship between government actions and high-quality provision is unclear. This qualitative research study uses the cases of England and Australia to examine and compare regulatory regimes for raising provider quality. It examines how understandings of quality in each country are linked to differences in the respective regulatory regimes; how and why these regimes have developed; how information on quality is used by each government to influence quality improvement; and how regulatory regimes influence providers to deliver quality. The study develops a new typology of three provider quality orientations (organisation-focused, consumer-directed, relationship-centred) to examine differences between the two regulatory regimes. The research draws on interviews conducted between January 2015 and April 2017 with 79 individuals from different stakeholder groups in England and Australia, and interviews with 24 individuals from five provider organisations in each country. These interviews highlighted greater differences between the two regimes than previous research suggests. For example, while each system includes a government role for inspecting or reviewing provider quality, there are differences around how quality is formally defined, the role and transparency of quality information, and how some provider quality behaviour is influenced by different policy interventions. Two important findings emerge from the study for policymakers and researchers. First, the importance of considering the broader historical and institutional context of the care sector overall, not simply the regulatory environment, as shown by the more welfare-oriented approach in England when compared to Australia’s highly consumerist approach. Second, the importance of considering the overall ‘regulatory space’ when designing policy interventions for quality. Policymakers should consider the effects and interaction of multiple policy interventions, the impact of funding mechanisms and the activity of multiple stakeholders, and not restrict attention to those policy interventions explicitly developed for quality improvement goals.
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Newman, Nicole Rae. "Cognitively impaired elderly individuals and durable powers of attorney for healthcare." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1795.
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Liu, Ning, and 劉宁. "Contracting-out residential care for the elderly in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3625583X.
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McNamara, Laurence James. "Just health care for aged Australians : a Roman Catholic perspective /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1682.pdf.
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Hollander, Marcus J. "The cost-effectiveness of community based long term care services for the elderly compared to residential care : a British Columbia perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0021/NQ41370.pdf.
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Stuckless, Susan N. "Inter-regional comparisons in the pattern of use and needs for institutional care." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0032/MQ62431.pdf.
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Howrie, Paul. "How general practitioners and aged care workers perceive incidences of elder abuse." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1351.
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As the Australian population is expanding and ageing, there is an associated need for a focus to be placed on the Individual rights of elderly people, and for the general populus to be made more aware of areas related to our older generation. Elder abuse, as an area of concern, developed as an offshoot of investigations into child abuse and general domestic violence, and initially surfaced in the 1970s and 80s. Some sections of the medical profession were made specifically aware of the problem initially in 1975, through a letter that was sent to the British Medical Journal. However, throughout some of the literature, GPs have been criticised about their level of awareness of the issue of elder abuse, and for their lack of involvement in this area. The purpose of this study was to explore how General Practitioners and Aged Care workers perceive incidences of elder abuse. Due to the limited amount of research which has been undertaken on elder abuse within Australia, the study looked at exploring the issue rather than trying to measure its cause, or trying to identify the extent of the problem. The study investigated the perceptions of general practitioners (GPs) toward the area of elder abuse, and looked further to explore how general practitioners were perceived by aged care workers. The approach used for data collection consisted of circulating 100 mailed out questionnaires to general practitioners within metropolitan Perth, and follow up face-to-face interviews with some of the respondents to this questionnaire. Additionally, face-to-face interviews were also held with key informants who worked in the aged care industry, to ascertain their perceptions of elder abuse. The mailed questionnaires were analysed by adding the frequencies of responses given to each question. The data from the face-to-face doctor interviews and the key informant interviews were transcribed verbatim from the tape recordings and then assessed by looking for consistent regularities from each response made, therefore using a cross-case analysis. From this analysis, patterns emerged in the data, from which themes were developed. The recommendations from the data suggest that a clear and concise definition of elder abuse needs to be developed, to assist in clearly Identifying the prevalence of the problem. The data further recommended the need for an awareness campaign on the area of elder abuse to be undertaken. This should focus on raising the awareness of the possible characteristics of individuals who are vulnerable to being abused, as well as the characteristics of likely perpetrators of abuse. This study also recommended that a coordinated approach to dealing with the area of elder abuse should be developed, which should include the development of specific roles that should be undertaken by professional and non-professionals. Training of people across the Human Services field in the area of elder abuse, and in particular, GPs, social workers and paraprofessionals who work with elderly people, was identified as a recommendation of the study. Areas of training should include: awareness of the problem's existence; providing people with the required skills to detect cases of abuse; providing insight to referral agencies who may be able to assist; having a clear and exhaustive list of interventions to use to assist with addressing the problem; and having knowledge of the characteristics that abused individuals, and perpetrators are likely to have. This study also Identified that more research is required to ascertain if the amount of time which GPs spend with elderly people, is sufficient for them to identify cases of elder abuse, and if the allocated time from Medicare is adequate for GPs to Identify elder abuse.
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Lavoie, Cora Emily Marie. "Situational control and well-being in the institutionalized elderly." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27719.
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This descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship between situational control, and both psychological and physical well-being, in the institutionalized elderly. A convenience sample of 52 elderly institutionalized subjects was selected from two intermediate care facilities. The subjects completed the Perceived Weil-Being Scale, the Situational Control Of Daily Activities Scale, and the Subject Information Sheet. All residents were found to have an overall perception of situational control. However, residents perceived a lack of control for the daily activities of eating and grooming. The majority of residents obtained a moderately high score on the psychological well-being and physical well-being scales. No significant relationship was found between situational control and psychological well-being, or situational control and physical well-being. A significant positive relationship was found between psychological well-being and physical well-being.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Erickson-Taube, Christina Marie. "Special care units: Recreational activities for patients with Alzheimer's disease." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2843.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the recreational activities provided in special care units located in the Inland Empire. The population that this study sought to assist was patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and living in an Alzheimer's special care unit.
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Fan, Man-shan Susan, and 范文姗. "Nursing homes for the elderly: an alternativemode of welfare provision." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248111.
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Yu, Mei-yuk Doris, and 余美玉. "The perceptions of home help services recipients towards institutionalservices." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978393.
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Sham, Wong Mo-chun Elsie, and 沈黃慕眞. "An exploratory study of the adjustment problem of elderly people admitted to homes for the aged." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31247970.
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Davies, Megan Jean. "Institutionalizing old age : residential accommodation for the elderly in British Columbia, 1920-1960." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28724.
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This dissertation looks at old age homes in British Columbia between 1920 and 1960. It describes and explains how changes in institutional care for aging men and women intersected with professional ideals, welfare state economics and political imperatives. It also considers how broader developments altered the physical and cultural world of the institution and the strategies employed by the elderly.Facilities for the elderly changed significantly during the period. In 1920 provision of residential care for older British Columbians was extremely limited, and existing institutions operated under a poorhouse model, providing only custodial care. By 1960 a sizeable network of provincially regulated facilities had developed. Medical professionals urged that these establishments be medical facilities and that the elderly receive compassionate, therapeutic care.
However, circumstances inside these facilities limited change. While some institutions were run along medical lines, new policy initiatives were modified by strong historical links with older systems of custodial care and punitive poorhouse ethics.
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Leung, Alice, and 梁雅麗. "Exploratory study into the well being of the elderly waitlisted for aged home." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248627.
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Ntozini, Anathi. "Psychological well-being of institutionalised and non-institutionalised isiXhosa and English ethnic speaking elderly south African residing within the Buffalo City area." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6368.
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Background: International research has clearly indicated that the world’s population is ageing: almost all countries in the world are experiencing a significant growth in the proportion of older persons in their population. This is also true for developing countries such as South Africa that are beginning to show signs and symptoms of an ageing population. Among Southern African Development Communities (SADC), South Africa has the highest number of ‘senior citizens’. Population reports indicate that the population of old people rose from paltry 2.8 million in 1996 to more than 4 million in 2011 and this is expected to skyrocket to seven million by 2030. In spite of the increasing number of senior citizens in socio-structural landscapes in South Africa, there is still lack of adequate, workable and effective policy frameworks for the wellbeing of the elderly. There is also paucity of psychological data of the elderly, especially along racial divides to determine whether the after-effects of apartheid still hold sway or not in post-apartheid South Africa. This study was conceived to investigate the psychological well-being of the elderly in Buffalo City, Eastern Cape, South Africa between two racial-ethnic elderly groups. The specific objectives of the study were to explore the relationship between the socio-demographic characteristics and psychological well-being of the black (Xhosa) and white (English) elderly in Buffalo City, South Africa and second, to validate the relationship between psychological well-being and physical activity, loneliness, spirituality/religiosity as well as ageism among the sampled population. The set-point theory, selective optimisation compensation theory (SOCT) as well as the continuity theory were employed to guide the conduct of the study. Method: Psychological measuring instruments were deployed to collect data for the study from a total of 301 elderly respondents in retirement and private individual homes (191 isiXhosa and 110 English speaking elderly). Both simple random sampling (SRS) and purposive sampling procedures were used to select the respondents. The measuring instruments included the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being (RSPWB), Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Assessment of Spiritual and Religious Sentiments Scale (ASPIRES), University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, the Palmore Ageism Survey scale and a biographical questionnaire. Data was analysed using MANOVA, One-way variance analysis and regression coefficient. The racial differences logically influenced the selection of the respondents for the study. Results: The study revealed a significant statistical relationship between physical activity (PA) and psychological well-being of the elderly, regardless of the sociodemographic variables. PA showed a significant relationship with psychological wellbeing of the elderly. The study also discovered that loneliness correlates significantly with all four of the psychological well-being scales. It shows that the higher the levels of loneliness experienced by the elderly, socio-demographic variables controlled, the lower the levels of psychological well-being in terms of autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. However, with the exception of the relationship between loneliness and purpose in life, ethnic affiliation moderates autonomy, environmental mastery and self-acceptance. English elderly constantly experienced higher levels of autonomy than the isiXhosa elderly do with an increase in loneliness. The study also found a positive relationship between ageism and psychological well- being. However, with low levels of ageism, the English elderly, in comparison with the isiXhosa elderly, is likely to show higher levels of autonomy. In addition, a significant statistical relationship between ageism and environmental mastery and purpose in life was found among the isiXhosa elderly. Although, with an increase in ageism, there is a slight increase in autonomy in both groups, the English elderly throughout showed higher levels of autonomy than the isiXhosa elderly showed. The study found a positive relationship between religiosity/spirituality and psychological well-being of the elderly. However, race could moderate the relationship between prayer fulfillment and psychological well-being at all four levels (autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance). With an increase in prayer fulfillment, the autonomy of the English elderly increases fairly quickly, while the autonomy of the isiXhosa elderly decreases slightly. Comparatively, the study found that isiXhosa elderly reported lower levels of psychological well-being than the English elderly. Conclusion/Recommendation: The study concludes that there is the need to develop a solid national data bases on needs and use of services, and process of ageing in order to access research data to assist planning, dissemination, delivery and evaluation of effective service delivery for the elderly population in South Africa, especially along racial divides.