Journal articles on the topic 'Older people Care China Hong Kong'
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Deng, Renli, Jianghui Zhang, Liuliu Chen, Jiarui Miao, Jiazhong Duan, Yeyin Qiu, Doris Leung, Helen Chan, and Diana TF Lee. "The effectiveness of a modified advance care planning programme." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 7 (June 26, 2020): 1569–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020922893.
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Background: Frailty is a natural consequence of the aging process. With the increasing aging population in Mainland China, the quality of life and end-of-life care for frail older people need to be taken into consideration. Advance Care Planning has also been used worldwide in long-term facilities, hospitals and communities to improve the quality of end-of-life care, increase patient and family satisfaction, and reduce healthcare costs and hospital admissions in Western countries. However, it has not been practiced in China. Research objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Advance Care Planning intervention in certainty of end-of-life care, preferences for end-of-life care, quality of life concerns, and healthcare utilization among frail older people. Research design: This study used a quasi-experimental design, with a single-blind, control group, pretest and repeated posttest approach. Participants and research context: A convenience sample of 74 participates met the eligibility criteria in each nursing home. A total of 148 frail older people were recruited in two nursing homes in Zhejiang Province, China. Ethical considerations: The study received ethical approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee, the Faculty of Medicine, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CREC Ref. No: 2016.059. Findings: The results indicated the Advance Care Planning programme was effective at increasing autonomy in decision making on end-of-life care issues, decreasing decision-making conflicts over end-of-life care issues, and increasing their expression about end-of-life care. Discussion: This study promoted the participants’ autonomy and broke through the inherent custom of avoiding talking about death in China. Conclusion: The modified Advance Care Planning intervention is effective and recommended to support the frail older people in their end-of-life care decision in Chinese society.
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Choi, Edmond P. H., Wenjie Duan, Daniel Y. T. Fong, Kris Y. W. Lok, Mandy Ho, Janet Y. H. Wong, and Chia-Chin Lin. "Psychometric Evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 Scale in China: Cross-sectional Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): e31992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31992.
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Background At the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, information about fear of COVID-19 was very limited in Chinese populations, and there was no standardized and validated scale to measure the fear associated with the pandemic. Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to adapt and validate a fear scale to determine the levels of fear of COVID-19 among the general population in mainland China and Hong Kong. Methods A web-based questionnaire platform was developed for data collection; the study instruments were an adapted version of the 8-item Breast Cancer Fear Scale (“Fear Scale”) and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The internal construct validity, convergent validity, known group validity, and reliability of the adapted Fear Scale were assessed, and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participants’ fear levels. Results A total of 2822 study participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analysis. The reliability of the adapted scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach α coefficient of .93. The item-total correlations corrected for overlap were >0.4, confirming their internal construct validity. Regarding convergent validity, a small-to-moderate correlation between the Fear Scale and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores was found. Regarding known group validity, we found that the study participants who were recruited from Hong Kong had a higher level of fear than the study participants from mainland China. Older adults had a higher level of fear compared with younger adults. Furthermore, having hypertension, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, anxiety, and insomnia were associated with a higher fear level. The descriptive analysis found that more than 40% of the study participants reported that the thought of COVID-19 scared them. About one-third of the study participants reported that when they thought about COVID-19, they felt nervous, uneasy, and depressed. Conclusions The psychometric properties of the adapted Fear Scale are acceptable to measure the fear of COVID-19 among Chinese people. Our study stresses the need for more psychosocial support and care to help this population cope with their fears during the pandemic.
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Yu, Ruby, Pui Hing Chau, Sarah M. McGhee, Wai Ling Cheung, Kam Che Chan, Sai Hei Cheung, and Jean Woo. "Trends in Prevalence and Mortality of Dementia in Elderly Hong Kong Population: Projections, Disease Burden, and Implications for Long-Term Care." International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/406852.
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Background. We describe the trends in prevalence and mortality of dementia among older people in Hong Kong over time. Projections of the number of older people with dementia through 2039 and estimation of the disease burden are also included.Methods. Prevalence data were extracted from previous studies in Hong Kong. Mortality data were obtained from the Department of Health of Hong Kong. Projections of the number of people with dementia were calculated by applying the prevalence rates of dementia obtained from previous studies to Hong Kong population projections. The burden of dementia was measured by Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs).Results. The number of people aged 60 and above with dementia is projected to increase by 222%, from 103,433 in 2009 to 332,688 in 2039, with a large proportion of those living in institutions. The number of deaths due to dementia among people aged 60 and above has more than doubled between 2001 and 2009. Mortality rates for dementia have also risen. In 2006, about 286,313 DALYS were lost due to dementia.Conclusions. The information presented may be used to formulate a long-term care strategy for dementia of the ageing population in Hong Kong.
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Chan, Alice, Manisha Tamrakar, Katherine Leung, Chloe Jiang, Edward Lo, and Chun-Hung Chu. "Oral Health Care of Older Adults in Hong Kong." Geriatrics 6, no. 4 (October 8, 2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics6040097.
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The older adult population is increasing both in number and in proportion worldwide. In Hong Kong, the number of people aged 65 or above is expected to reach 2.5 million in 2039, thus becoming one-third of the population. With this growing population, the need for dental care among older adults is expected to surge. Oral health care is one of the government’s core policy agendas and the Department of Health has emphasised its importance. It has implemented a number of policies, such as increasing the number of dental training places, setting up an expert group for oral health care policy planning, and conducting regular oral health surveys of the population. It is subsidizing several programmes, including the Elderly Health Care Voucher Scheme, Community Care Fund Elderly Dental Assistance Programme, Outreach Dental Care Programme, and Comprehensive Social Security Assistance Programme, in order to promote oral health care in older adults. These programmes have received support and positive feedback from both the public and dental service providers. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the oral health care of older adults in Hong Kong and recommendations to enhance their effectiveness.
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Chong, Alice M. L. "Residential Care for Older People—A Comparison between Hong Kong and Shanghai." Journal of Comparative Asian Development 8, no. 1 (March 2009): 67–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15339114.2009.9678474.
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Lui, May HL, Diana T. F. Lee, and Anne E. Mackenzie. "Community Care of Older Chinese People in Hong Kong: a Selective Review." Australasian Journal on Ageing 19, no. 4 (November 2000): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2000.tb00232.x.
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Zheng, Yan, Karen Siu Lan Cheung, and Paul S. F. Yip. "Are We Living Longer and Healthier?" Journal of Aging and Health 32, no. 10 (August 22, 2020): 1645–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264320950067.
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Objective: To examine whether we live healthier as we live longer in Hong Kong, which has one of the highest life expectancies in the world. Methods: Sullivan’s method was used to evaluate the chronic disease–free life expectancy (CDFLE), life expectancy in good self-perceived health (GPHLE), and impairment-free life expectancy (IFLE) among population aged 50 years and older in Hong Kong in 2007–2016. Results: In spite of the marked improvement in life expectancy in Hong Kong, the increase in GPHLE was much smaller, while CDFLE and IFLE even declined for both genders. The situation was more severe among older population. Discussion: People in Hong Kong live longer but with worsening health. The expansion of chronic diseases, self-perceived poor health, and impairments among older adults calls for more fiscal investments, government attention, and public health policies.
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Yeung, Sum. "The review of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades from the perspective of social development." Asian Education and Development Studies 8, no. 4 (October 7, 2019): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-06-2017-0054.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades and examine its challenges and prospect. One country two systems is pragmatic and compromise principle and social arrangement for Hong Kong under China sovereignty. It has served to resolve some issues related to the future of Hong Kong after the end of British Colonial rule since July 1, 1997. There are lessons to be learnt as the merits and flaws of the system have been identified in the study as perceived from the perspective of social development. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on quantitative methodology. Data of public opinion polls conducted by various local universities on the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong have been employed in the study. Based on the data obtained from the relevant survey, different aspects of social development of Hong Kong under one country two systems has been examined and explored. Data are current and up-to-date to reflect the social mood of Hong Kong people toward one country two systems over the years. Findings The challenges and prospect of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades since the change of sovereignty have been identified in this paper. Hong Kong has remained the moist free market and the third financial center in the world. However, the high degree of self-autonomy as stipulated in the Basic Law has been fading way. There is social discontent of Hong Kong people on social and political grounds and there are high sense of mistrust to both Hong Kong SAR (HKSAR) government and the Central government in Beijing. This will provide a guideline to the government for improving the situation. Research limitations/implications The study is based on data obtained from various public opinion conducted by several local university on the development of one country two systems and how Hong Kong people feel about it. The data are current and up-to-date. However, there will be variation of findings as social mood and perception of Hong Kong people toward one country two systems may change due to the changes of social and political events. With these limitations, one needs to be careful while drawing the conclusion. Yet, the over trend of social development of Hong Kong can be seen. Practical implications The study will provide an overall view and assessment of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades after the change of sovereignty since July 1, 1997. The findings and discussion of social mobility, quality of life, income disparity, social and political movement and ethnic identity and its changes in recent years of people in Hong Kong are rather revealing. It will provide a reality check and yardstick for people who are concerned about Hong Kong society and its people under China sovereignty. Social implications The study and its findings will provide a useful guideline for people who are concerned about how Hong Kong people live under China sovereignty. Hong Kong to most of Hong Kong people is on longer a borrow place living under the borrowed time. The former British Colonial rule has been replaced by HKSAR government rule under China sovereignty. There is a high degree of mistrust toward both HKSAR government and the Central government in Beijing. People in Hong Kong keep fighting for democracy and high degree of self-autonomy. Hence, Hong Kong is still a free and open society under China sovereignty. Originality/value The paper contributes an original study on the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong under China sovereignty as perceived from the perspective of social development. There are important findings on social mobility, income disparity and issues of ethnic identity of Hong Kong people. The lessons of Hong Kong will provide an interesting case for people who care concerned about how people living in a former British colony has transformed the society into a thriving civil society under China sovereignty.
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Chau, Pui Hing, Jean Woo, Michael K. Gusmano, Daniel Weisz, Victor G. Rodwin, and Kam Che Chan. "Access to primary care in Hong Kong, Greater London and New York City." Health Economics, Policy and Law 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2012): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133112000114.
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AbstractWe investigate avoidable hospital conditions (AHC) in three world cities as a way to assess access to primary care. Residents of Hong Kong are healthier than their counterparts in Greater London or New York City. In contrast to their counterparts in New York City, residents of both Greater London and Hong Kong face no financial barriers to an extensive public hospital system. We compare residence-based hospital discharge rates for AHC, by age cohorts, in these cities and find that New York City has higher rates than Hong Kong and Greater London. Hong Kong has the lowest hospital discharge rates for AHC among the population 15–64, but its rates are nearly as high as those in New York City among the population 65 and over. Our findings suggest that in contrast to Greater London, older residents in Hong Kong and New York face significant barriers in accessing primary care. In all three cities, people living in lower socioeconomic status neighborhoods are more likely to be hospitalized for an AHC, but neighborhood inequalities are greater in Hong Kong and New York than in Greater London.
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Lum, Terry, Cheng Shi, Gloria Wong, and Kayla Wong. "COVID-19 and Long-Term Care Policy for Older People in Hong Kong." Journal of Aging & Social Policy 32, no. 4-5 (May 31, 2020): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2020.1773192.
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YU, WAI KAM. "PENSION REFORMS IN THE UK, URBAN CHINA AND HONG KONG: ENHANCING SECURITY OR INSECURITY?" Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 40, no. 01n02 (January 2006): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246206000040.
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The paper studies pension reforms in the UK, urban China and Hong Kong. It argues that these reforms share suggestions raised by the World Bank, and that these reforms are not effective in strengthening the capacity of pension schemes in giving older people a secure retirement life. To increase the effectiveness of these schemes, the three Governments should appreciate that the main purpose of the pension reforms is to provide older people with secure retirement rather than to promote investors' interests. Moreover, they should develop a social consensus on how security should be defined.
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Woo, Jean, Benise Mak, and Fannie Yeung. "Age-Friendly Primary Health Care: An Assessment of Current Service Provision for Older Adults in Hong Kong." Health Services Insights 6 (January 2013): HSI.S12434. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/hsi.s12434.
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There has been no study evaluating whether primary care services are sufficiently oriented towards the older population in Hong Kong, particularly those with increasing frailty. Since primary care is a key first interface in promotion and maintenance of health in older people, an assessment of the age-friendliness of service provisions is of critical importance in optimizing the health of aging populations. The age-friendliness of primary care services for older people was assessed using focus groups of elderly people and also of service providers who care for them. Discussion content was based on the WHO guidelines for age-friendly primary care in the following areas: Information, education and training, community-based health care management systems, and the physical environment. Desirable improvements were identified in all domains. The findings underscore the need for wider dissemination of health care needs of older people in the primary care setting.
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HE, ALEX JINGWEI, and KEE-LEE CHOU. "Long-term care service needs and planning for the future: a study of middle-aged and older adults in Hong Kong." Ageing and Society 39, no. 2 (August 22, 2017): 221–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x17000824.
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ABSTRACTLong-term care (LTC) planning is important in helping the older people tackle their future needs better. The needs for LTC services represent generational characteristics as they may be different between the current and upcoming cohorts of older adults. However, very few studies have examined the cohort differences in terms of their expected utilisation of LTC services, while understanding the patterns is crucial in helping policy makers prepare for the development of LTC services. This study fills the research gap by examining the plans and expectations for LTC services of 1,613 middle-aged and older persons in Hong Kong with data collected from a telephone survey. By applying the Andersen Model to examine LTC expectations, this study analyses the LTC needs and plans of the middle-aged and older cohorts of Hong Kong adults, as well as their associated factors, with a multiple logistic regression method. Both gender and birth cohort were examined individually and in combination. Birth cohort and gender have been found to exert an impact on all aspects of LTC needs and planning to varying degrees. The findings are interpreted and contrasted with those of a key study based in the West, with reference to the contextual characteristics of Hong Kong. This study furthers the scholarly understanding on LTC needs and planning and their cohort effect, and draws evidence-based recommendations for LTC development in Hong Kong, a rapidly ageing East Asian society.
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Cheng, Winnie Lai-Sheung. "Roles of Knowledge and Attitude in the Willingness of Nursing Students to Care for Older Adults in Hong Kong." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 7757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157757.
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Due to the ageing population, nursing students will be more likely to work with older adults after graduation. It is important to assess whether Hong Kong nursing students are well prepared to care for older adults. A convenience sample of 139 nursing students was surveyed using questionnaires: Palmore’s Facts on Ageing Quiz (FAQ), Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People scale (KAOP), and the Willingness to Care for Older People (WCOP) scale to assess the knowledge of and attitudes toward older adult care, and willingness to care for older adults, respectively. The overall score in the FAQ was medium-low (mean = 15.1, SD = 2.8). The KAOP score was medium-high (mean = 121.6, SD = 12.0). The willingness score was slightly high (mean = 5.2, SD = 1.1). Positive attitudes and knowledge about ageing are the predictors of nursing students’ willingness to take care of older adults. The findings provide evidence to nurse educators and clinical mentors that (a) courses providing knowledge about ageing are valuable, and (b) elements that cultivate positive attitudes towards older adult care should be included in curricula. Nursing curricula that provide knowledge and experience about older adult care play a pivotal role in creating a workforce of nurses ready and willing to care for the ever growing number of ageing adults.
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Ho, Ken H. M., Vico C. L. Chiang, Doris Leung, and Ben H. B. Ku. "When Foreign Domestic Helpers Care for and About Older People in Their Homes: I Am a Maid or a Friend." Global Qualitative Nursing Research 5 (January 1, 2018): 233339361775390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333393617753906.
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We examine the lived experiences of foreign domestic helpers (FDH) working with community-dwelling older people in Hong Kong. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 11 female FDHs, and thematically analyzed. The theme inescapable functioning commodity represented the embodied commodification of FDHs to be functional for older people in home care. Another theme, destined reciprocity of companionship, highlighted the FDHs’ capacity to commit to home care and be concerned about older people. The waxing and waning of the possibilities of commodified companionship indicated the intermittent capacity of FDHs to find meaning in their care, in which performative nature for functional purposes and emotional engagement took turns to be the foci in migrant home care. This study addresses the transition of FDHs from task-oriented relation to companions of older people through care work. Discussion draws on the development of a kin-like relationship between FDHs and older people with emotional reciprocity grounded in moral values.
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AU, ALMA, STEVEN M. SHARDLOW, YUE TENG, TERESA TSIEN, and CHARLES CHAN. "Coping strategies and social support-seeking behaviour among Chinese caring for older people with dementia." Ageing and Society 33, no. 8 (July 26, 2012): 1422–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12000724.
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ABSTRACTThe study reviewed coping and help-seeking behaviour among Hong Kong Chinese family care-givers of older people diagnosed with dementia. A convenience sample of those caring for family members with dementia (N=11) was recruited in Hong Kong. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed and analysed using NVivo. The study found evidence of distinct Chinese coping strategies that focused upon internal self-regulation, forbearance and family obligations. In terms of help-seeking behaviour, these care-givers expressed great concern about bothering their family members. When there is a desperate need for help, they turn to community services. Results are discussed in the context of both traditional Chinese cultural values as well as the modern transformations of the Chinese society. In particular, Eastern philosophical teachings tend to focus on changing personal inner perception and thoughts rather than attempting to change the environment. Although family obligations have been traditionally upheld, many modern Chinese societies are undergoing social and demographic changes, resulting in marked decline in multi-generational households. Our findings can have applications not only for Chinese cities but also may have implications to the West as strong well-established Chinese communities are widespread.
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Chong, Eric King-man. "Hong Kong under COVID-19: Active self-mobilization, freedom and responsibilities, and learnings." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00063_1.
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Hong Kong society became the site of active self-mobilization when there was a virus outbreak in early 2020. Hong Kong residents quickly adopted voluntary protective measures such as minimizing social contacts and buying personal protective equipment. After the presence of a new Coronavirus was confirmed, medical and health care workers went on strike in early February, clamouring for the Hong Kong SAR government to close border crossings with China. They feared the medical and health care system would not be able to bear the rising numbers of infection. The government responded with a pronouncement that the strike was endangering lives, and that a complete closure of border checkpoints was unfeasible. Generally, Hong Kong residents exercised self-protection and self-restraint, voluntarily choosing to stay home except to go to work or buy daily necessities. As a result, Hong Kong did not adopt a citywide lockdown. More people began to leave their homes when infection rates slowed, but this led to further waves of infection. The Hong Kong experience raises a number of questions about society that are relevant to education and citizenship. What are individuals’ responsibilities during a pandemic? Does a state of pandemic make it acceptable to limit freedom of movement and freedom of expression, and if so, how can this principle be applied in relation to the right to strike for the purpose of compelling the government to take stronger public health measures? Specific to education, how can young people be taught to follow safety advice amid the temptation to go outdoors for exercise under restrictive measures? There is a need for engaging students in social compassion and dialogues to face a persistent pandemic.
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Sit, Regina W. S., Harmony Hoi Ki Lai, Dong Dong, Bo Wang, Martin Chi-sang Wong, Roger Yat-Nork Chung, and Samuel Y. S. Wong. "Explaining the Psychosocial Effects of COVID-19 Among Older Hong Kong Chinese People—A Qualitative Analysis." Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 35, no. 2 (March 2022): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08919887221078563.
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Background Social distancing and “stay-at-home” orders are essential to contain the coronavirus outbreak; however, there are growing concerns about physical and other mental distress in older people. Apart from quantitative data, their feelings, thoughts, and experience are essential to inform the implementation of patient-centered health care policy. Aim This study explained the psychosocial effects of COVID-19 on Hong Kong Chinese older people. Design and Setting This was a qualitative study. Twenty-three participants aged between 63 and 86 were recruited in primary care through purposive sampling. Method Semi-structured in-depth telephone interviews were conducted to explore participants’ experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Grounded theory was used to analyze the data. Results Three themes, nine subthemes, and 24 quotes were identified. The 3 themes included the psychological response of fear, annoyance, and worrisome; social isolation leading to loneliness and physical exhaustion; and the coping strategies in adversity. Fear was the major emotional response, which was not entirely explained by the uncertainty of the disease, but also the embedded routines norms and values. Loneliness was aggravated by the depleted family and community support. Physical distancing had intensified ones physical demand on self-care, especially among those with comorbid illnesses. The use of digital tools and telecommunications maintained the social connection, but the overexposure had led to a vicious cycle of anxiety and distress. Conclusion Self-isolation has disproportionately affected older individuals whose only social contact is out of the home. Online technologies can be harnessed to provide social support networks and a sense of belonging, but its adaptive and positive uses should be encouraged. Interventions can also involve more frequent telephone contact with significant others, close family and friends, voluntary organizations, or health-care professionals, or community outreach teams. Enhancing the values of older people’s in calamity through active engagement may also potentially reduce the detrimental effect of social isolation.
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Chan, K., A. Chow, C. Chan, and V. Lou. "EVALUATING COMMUNITY END-OF-LIFE CARE MODELS FOR OLDER PEOPLE WITH ADVANCED ILLNESSES IN HONG KONG." Innovation in Aging 1, suppl_1 (June 30, 2017): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx004.1818.
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Fu, Yuan Yuan, Ernest Wing Tak Chui, Wing Shan Kan, and Lisanne Ko. "Improving primary level home and community care services for older people: The case of Hong Kong." International Journal of Social Welfare 27, no. 1 (April 6, 2017): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12271.
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Wang, Hailiang, Yang Zhao, Lisha Yu, Jiaxing Liu, Inez Maria Zwetsloot, Javier Cabrera, and Kwok-Leung Tsui. "A Personalized Health Monitoring System for Community-Dwelling Elderly People in Hong Kong: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): e19223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19223.
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Background Telehealth is an effective means to assist existing health care systems, particularly for the current aging society. However, most extant telehealth systems employ individual data sources by offline data processing, which may not recognize health deterioration in a timely way. Objective Our study objective was two-fold: to design and implement an integrated, personalized telehealth system on a community-based level; and to evaluate the system from the perspective of user acceptance. Methods The system was designed to capture and record older adults’ health-related information (eg, daily activities, continuous vital signs, and gait behaviors) through multiple measuring tools. State-of-the-art data mining techniques can be integrated to detect statistically significant changes in daily records, based on which a decision support system could emit warnings to older adults, their family members, and their caregivers for appropriate interventions to prevent further health deterioration. A total of 45 older adults recruited from 3 elderly care centers in Hong Kong were instructed to use the system for 3 months. Exploratory data analysis was conducted to summarize the collected datasets. For system evaluation, we used a customized acceptance questionnaire to examine users’ attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and behavioral intention on the system. Results A total of 179 follow-up sessions were conducted in the 3 elderly care centers. The results of exploratory data analysis showed some significant differences in the participants’ daily records and vital signs (eg, steps, body temperature, and systolic blood pressure) among the 3 centers. The participants perceived that using the system is a good idea (ie, attitude: mean 5.67, SD 1.06), comfortable (ie, self-efficacy: mean 4.92, SD 1.11), useful to improve their health (ie, perceived usefulness: mean 4.99, SD 0.91), and easy to use (ie, perceived ease of use: mean 4.99, SD 1.00). In general, the participants showed a positive intention to use the first version of our personalized telehealth system in their future health management (ie, behavioral intention: mean 4.45, SD 1.78). Conclusions The proposed health monitoring system provides an example design for monitoring older adults’ health status based on multiple data sources, which can help develop reliable and accurate predictive analytics. The results can serve as a guideline for researchers and stakeholders (eg, policymakers, elderly care centers, and health care providers) who provide care for older adults through such a telehealth system.
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Man, Kenny Chui Chi. "430 - The Puzzled and Puzzling Self: Self-Perception of People With Dementia in the Residential Care Homes of Hong Kong." International Psychogeriatrics 32, S1 (October 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610220002835.
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In Hong Kong, people aged 65 years or more was approximately 17.7% of the total population which is identified as “super-aged” city. The prevalence of dementia in Hong Kong aged 70 years or older had risen from 6.1% to 9.3% between 1998 and 2008. However, only 11% of people with dementia are diagnosed and receive medical follow-up. Although people live longer than they once did, their increased longevity can be a mixed blessing, both for themselves and for their societies. How people perceive dementia and interpret people with dementia will be one of the key elements to develop the 21st century’s dementia care culture in the Chinese society.A qualitative research in understanding how people with dementia perceive themselves always requires interpreting how others in their daily lives perceive them was conducted. Twenty in-depth interviews and two focus groups between people with dementia and the care staff in the residential care homes in Hong Kong were done. Indeed, if someone in your daily life perceives you differently from how you perceive yourself, then how do you make sense of the discrepancy? People with dementia tend to struggle with understanding not only situations occurring around them but also who they are, especially when others’ reactions to them are unexpected.Interpretivism and thematic analysis was applied whereas the difference between real and perceived selves was found. The findings included (1) Doubt About One’s Trustworthiness; (2) Doubt About One’s Value; (3) Doubt About One’s Capability. From their perspective, residents with dementia were trustworthy, but the care staff ignored their requests and prerogatives nonetheless. They also interpreted that they were valuable, but the staff overlooked their needs and did not show them any respect, either. Beyond that, they thought that they were capable, but the staff did not recognise their abilities and disregarded their input in decision-making. Puzzled about whether they should accept or reject the staff’s responses in interpreting who they were, the residents with dementia experienced heightened confusion about their circumstances. This research become one of the directions to explore the implementation of person-centred care in the Hong Kong’s residential care homes.
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Chung, K. F., and M. C. Wong. "Experience of stigma among Chinese mental health patients in Hong Kong." Psychiatric Bulletin 28, no. 12 (December 2004): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.28.12.451.
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Aims and MethodThe study was intended to rectify the lack of data on how Chinese people experience the stigma of mental illness. A questionnaire on perceived stigmatisation, experiences of rejection and ways of coping with stigma was completed by 193 persons attending a psychiatric out-patient clinic in Hong Kong.ResultsMost of the participants were aware of the stigma associated with mental illness, but experiences of rejection were relatively less frequent. Eleven per cent of the respondents indicated that they were neglected by health care professionals and 8% had been avoided by family members. The most frequently reported coping method was maintaining secrecy about the illness.Clinical ImplicationsIn China, people with mental health problems experience stigma in various degrees. However, some of the people surveyed expressed feelings of relief that others were supportive and sympathetic towards their illness. Mental health professionals should maintain optimism in helping their patients to cope with the stigma.
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Ng, Ka-Man, Tatia MC Lee, and Iris Chi. "Relationship between living arrangements and the psychological well-being of older people in Hong Kong." Australasian Journal on Ageing 23, no. 4 (December 2004): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2004.00044.x.
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Lam, Sin-Man, Arthur Chun-Wing Lau, and Wing-Wa Yan. "Over 8 years experience on severe acute poisoning requiring intensive care in Hong Kong, China." Human & Experimental Toxicology 29, no. 9 (February 9, 2010): 757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327110361753.
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In order to obtain up-to-date information on the pattern of severe acute poisoning and the characteristics and outcomes of these patients, 265 consecutive patients admitted to an intensive care unit in Hong Kong for acute poisoning from January 2000 to May 2008 were studied retrospectively. Benzodiazepine (25.3%), alcohol (23%), tricyclic antidepressant (17.4%), and carbon monoxide (15.1%) were the four commonest poisons encountered. Impaired consciousness was common and intubation was required in 67.9% of admissions, with a median duration of mechanical ventilation of less than 1 day. The overall mortality was 3.0%. Among the 257 survivors, the median lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and acute hospital (excluding days spent in psychiatric ward and convalescent hospital) were less than 1 day and 3 days, respectively. Factors associated with a longer length of stay included age of 65 or older, presence of comorbidity, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 25 or greater, and development of shock, rhabdomyolysis, and aspiration pneumonia, while alcohol intoxication was associated with a shorter stay. This is the largest study of its kind in the Chinese population and provided information on the pattern of severe acute poisoning requiring intensive care admission and the outcomes of the patients concerned.
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Suh, Guk-Hee, and Lina Gega. "Suicide attempts among the elderly in East Asia." International Psychogeriatrics 29, no. 5 (March 29, 2017): 707–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217000333.
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Among the one million suicide deaths worldwide each year, as many as 60% occur in Asia. The World Health Organization (WHO) found higher suicide rates among the elderly in rapidly industrialized Asian countries such as China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore, compared to the corresponding rates of recently industrializing Asian countries like Vietnam and Sri Lanka (WHO, 2014). As a case in point, suicide rates in South Korea have been the highest in the world since 2003 and are rising especially among older people (Hong and Knapp, 2014). Suicide attempts and older age are strong predictors of completed suicide (Szanto et al., 2002; Simon et al., 2013) and, as such, are important in guiding our efforts for suicide prevention; however, most epidemiological studies focus on completed suicides across all ages rather than understanding the reasons behind suicide attempts in older populations.
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Peng, Ke, Maoyi Tian, Melanie Andersen, Jing Zhang, Yishu Liu, Qilong Wang, Richard Lindley, and Rebecca Ivers. "Incidence, risk factors and economic burden of fall-related injuries in older Chinese people: a systematic review." Injury Prevention 25, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042982.
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ObjectiveChina’s population is ageing and fall-related injury in older Chinese people is a growing public health concern. This review aims to synthesise existing evidence on the incidence, risk factors and economic burden of fall-related injury among older Chinese people to inform health service planning.MethodsA systematic search of literature on falls and injury among older people living in China was performed in six electronic databases including both English and Chinese databases. Results were combined using narrative synthesis due to the heterogeneity of included studies.ResultsA total of 93 studies from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong were included in this review. Most of these studies were descriptive; 82 reported the incidence of fall-related injury among older Chinese people, 7 studies examined the risk factors for fall-related injury and 22 studies described the economic burden of fall-related injury. The incidence of fall-related injury reported among older Chinese people ranged from 0.6% to 19.5%. Risk factors significantly associated with fall-related injury among older Chinese included older age, female sex, walking aid use, living environments, chronic disease, medication usage, visual impairment and a fall direction other than forward. The cost of fall-related injury among older Chinese people ranged from US$16 to US$3812 per person per fall.ConclusionFalls-related injuries are a significant public health issue for older Chinese people. Further studies using prospective design to identify risk factors and the economic burden of fall-related injuries are needed.
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Lai, Veronica Sze-Ki, Sui-Yu Yau, Linda Yin-King Lee, Becky Siu-Yin Li, Susan Sin-Ping Law, and Shixin Huang. "Caring for Older People during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Residential Health Care Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 15287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215287.
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Older people and health care workers in residential care homes are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. As COVID-19 has been spreading around the world for more than two years, the nature of care delivery has been substantially transformed. This study aims at understanding the long-term and ongoing impacts of COVID-19 on the delivery of care in residential care homes. It investigates how the delivery of care has been transformed by the COVID-19 pandemic and how health care workers adapted to these changes from the perspectives of frontline health care workers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from February to December 2021 with a purposive sample of 30 health care workers from six residential care homes in Hong Kong. Thematic analysis identified three themes, including (1) enhancing infection prevention and control measures; (2) maintaining the psychosocial wellbeing of residents; and (3) developing resilience. Discussions and implications were drawn from these findings.
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Yu, Andrew. "Advance Care Planning Preferences in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Community." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020384.
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(1) Background: Hong Kong is experiencing population aging, but there is little research on advance care planning. This research asks for community-dwelling older adults’ views on advance care planning in order to provide a different angle to the results collected from nursing homes and hospitals. (2) Methods: The targeted respondents were people aged 55 or above. A total of 282 questionnaires were collected using the random sampling method. Respondents were asked whether they would make an advance care plan, whether they would prepare for their death, and whether they had received any death education; they were also given eight statements related to treatments and decision making. (3) Results: The study found that only 17% of the respondents would like to use advance care planning, even after it was explained to them. Advance care planning favorers would be more likely to insist on having wills and would be more likely to trust doctors rather than family members. (4) Conclusions: The results also suggested that the medical care and social support for end-of-life patients should be improved. The results also showed the importance of medical professionals as they showed that respondents wanted advice on end-of-life decision-making from medical professionals.
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Wong, Johnston H. C., and Ghee W. Ho. "Shielding without a Shield—Older People under COVID-19: A Comparison of Four Cities." Social Sciences 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11110498.
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Older people were globally the most vulnerable during the pandemic. This paper examines the mortality and psychological crisis of older people during the pandemic in four cities, namely Wuhan, Milan, London, and Hong Kong, in order to explain their high death rates. The sample cities were purposefully selected to cover different degrees of social connectedness and outbreak periods. Quantitative data were employed to account for death and suicide data. Qualitative data analyses in government reports, public press releases, NGO announcements, and journal articles were used to study government responses and disruptions of essential healthcare services. Published scientific studies provided important information on the psychological stress and resilience of older people. Findings based on a welfare regime perspective showed that society and governments have not learned from the experiences of other countries, which resulted in high numbers of preventable deaths. Older people have successfully coped with living difficulties while serious psychological disturbances and suicidal ideations were absent at least for the period up to 2022. Older care home residents, unfortunately, were not protected with proper shielding and available vaccinations. Public inefficiency and negligence contributed to a disproportionately high rate of mortality in nursing homes.
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Wang, Kun. "Factors Related to the Well-Being of Older Chinese Living in Institutional Care Facilities: A Systematic Review." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.589.
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Abstract Due to the fast pace of population aging and the “4-2-1” family structure, institutional care was proposed as “support” for the elderly care service system in China. The purpose of this systematic review paper was to identify factors that are associated with the well-being of older residents living at institutional care facilities in China. Studies were included if participants (1)aged 60 years or older, (2) were living at an institutional care facility in mainland China. Studies were excluded if participants (1) were Chinese Immigrants, or residents in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, (2) were cognitively impaired, or (3) at the end of their lives and need palliative care in institutional facilities. A total of 12 articles were selected in this review study based on PRISMA guidelines: 10 quantitative studies and 2 qualitative studies. Anderson healthcare utilization model was used in this study to categorize related factors into three dynamics: predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors. Among predisposing factors, older, more educated, widowed adults with higher income were more likely to have higher levels of well-being in institutional care facilities. Social supports, such as family visit, activity engagement and peer support, were very important enabling factors. The actual need, such as ADL, health status and depression, was another important dimension for the well-being of older Chinese living in institutional care facilities. Aiming at increasing older residents’ well-being, the present study suggested more tailored interventions should be designed and implemented to enhance their social support, activity engagement and peer support.
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Chau, Pui Hing, Gordon Moe, Siu Yin Lee, Jean Woo, Angela Y. M. Leung, Chi-Ming Chow, Cecilia Kong, Wing Tung Lo, Ming Hay Yuen, and Julie Zerwic. "Low level of knowledge of heart attack symptoms and inappropriate anticipated treatment-seeking behaviour among older Chinese: a cross-sectional survey." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 7 (March 26, 2018): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210157.
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BackgroundPrehospital delay of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is common globally, and Hong Kong—home of a rapidly ageing Chinese population—is not an exception. Seeking emergency medical care promptly is important for patients. Treatment-seeking behaviours have been shown to be associated with knowledge of AMI symptoms and specific cultural beliefs. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of AMI symptoms and expected treatment-seeking behaviour among older Chinese in Hong Kong.MethodsA cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted at the Elderly Health Centres in Hong Kong from March to September 2016. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a structured questionnaire based on previous studies and local adaptations.ResultsAmong 1804 people aged 65 years and above who completed the questionnaire, chest pain (80.2%), palpitations (75.8%) and fainting (71.9%) were the major symptoms recognised as AMI related. Meanwhile, stomach ache (46.9%), coughing (45.4%) and neck pain (40.8%) were recognised as not AMI related. The mean expected discomfort intensity during AMI onset was 7.7 out of 10 (SD=2.1). Regarding the expected treatment-seeking behaviour, seeking non-emergent medical care was the most popular action when AMI symptoms emerged during the day, without chest pain or with lower discomfort intensity, whereas calling an ambulance was the most common option when AMI symptoms emerged at night or with high discomfort intensity.ConclusionsTo minimise delays in seeking treatment, future health education should focus on increasing the public knowledge of AMI symptoms and the need to call an ambulance during an emergency.
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Hu, Shiu Ying. "Herbal Teas and Populace Health Care in Tropical China." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 25, no. 01 (January 1997): 103–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x97000147.
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Commercial Chinese herbal tea is the development of the populace in tropical and subtropical China consequential to their fight against infectious diseases and in their struggle to explore local plants to relieve fever, to alleviate pain, to restore strength and to modulate immunity against viral epidemics. From these ethnomedical experiences, two types of herbal teas were commercialized, namely, liangcha and medicated teas. Liangcha refers to a ready-made decoction infused from wild plants served in simple stores in cities and towns. Medicated teas are parcelled material prepared from crude drugs with or without tea (Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Ktze,), sold in colorful boxes and bags to people for use at home. Investigations of liangcha were made in Hong Kong and Macao, and studies of medicated teas were done from samples obtained in Chinese stores at Boston. A total of 127 source species of these herbal teas were identified and arranged in two alphabetical lists by the botanical names, each followed by an English common name in parenthesis, part used, frequency in samples, and family. External recognizing characters of medicated teas, discussions of problems encountered in identifying source species, relevant toxicities, and potential new vegetal pharmaceutical resources are given.
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Leung, Mei-yung, Chendi Wang, and Timothy CY Kwok. "Effects of supporting facilities on memory loss among older people with dementia in care and attention homes." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 3 (November 14, 2019): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19886344.
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Supporting facilities (SF) including handrails, signage, finishes, furniture and recreational facilities facilitate the daily life of older persons. Memory loss is one of the most common signs of dementia affecting the daily life of older persons. Therefore, they may need special SF in residential homes. In order to improve the quality of daily life of older people with dementia, this study aims to investigate the effects of SF on the memory loss of those living in care and attention (C&A) homes. A questionnaire survey was conducted among elderly C&A home residents aged 65 and above in Hong Kong. A Supporting Facilities-Memory Loss model was established based on correlation and regression analyses. The model confirmed the following: (1) none of the SF items affects long-term memory loss; (2) satisfaction with signage, finishes and furniture leads to a reduction of short-term memory loss; (3) satisfaction with handrails, signage and finishes enhances spatial memory and (4) satisfaction with the location of signage reduces time confusion. Practical recommendations are proposed, including using large and well-placed signage with pictograms and icons, avoiding the removal and modification of furniture, enhancing colour contrasts between different functional rooms, installing handrails with a consideration for orientation strategies, and so on.
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Liao, Qiuyan, Wingyan Lau, Sarah McGhee, Maurice Yap, Rita Sum, Jun Liang, and Jinxiao Lian. "Barriers to preventive care utilization among Hong Kong community‐dwelling older people and their views on using financial incentives to improve preventive care utilization." Health Expectations 24, no. 4 (May 5, 2021): 1242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hex.13256.
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Lum, Terry, Gloria Wong, Tianyin Liu, Shiyu Lu, Dara Leung, Lesley Sze, Joyce Sing, and Weiwei Kwok. "EFFECTIVENESS OF A COLLABORATIVE STEPPED-CARE MODEL FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH DEPRESSION." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S512—S513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1892.
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Abstract Background: Depression is common among older adults and creates a substantial burden on individuals, caregivers, and healthcare system. This paper presents an innovative collaborative stepped care intervention that promotes the coordination between elderly center and community mental health center to provide nonpharmacological intervention to elders with mild to moderate level of depression. Methods: The stepped care model were implemented in four districts in Hong Kong between September 2017 and February 2019. In each district, one community mental health center and one elderly center worked together to implement this stepped care model. A quasi-experimental design was used to study the effectiveness of this intervention. Findings: A total of 853 older adults completed the intervention and additional 500 elders were recruited as control. The average age of intervention participants was 76.3 years. Their levels of depression and anxiety were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) respectively. The average intervention lasted for 10 months. Their average PhQ9 score reduced from 7.2 before intervention to 2.7 after intervention (t= 34.7, p < .001). Their level of anxiety was lowered from 4.9 to 2.0 (t=16.9, p < .001). The different between the intervention and control groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: The stepped care model was effective in reducing the levels of depression and anxiety among Chinese older people. This paper will give detailed information about the stepped care model and its implementation.
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Cheng, Shao-Yi, Cheng-Pei Lin, Helen Yue-lai Chan, Diah Martina, Masanori Mori, Sun-Hyun Kim, and Raymond Ng. "Advance care planning in Asian culture." Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 50, no. 9 (August 6, 2020): 976–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyaa131.
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Abstract Ageing has been recognized as one of the most critically important health-care issues worldwide. It is relevant to Asia, where the increasing number of older populations has drawn attention to the paramount need for health-care investment, particularly in end-of-life care. The advocacy of advance care planning is a mean to honor patient autonomy. Since most East Asian countries are influenced by Confucianism and the concept of ‘filial piety,’ patient autonomy is consequently subordinate to family values and physician authority. The dominance from family members and physicians during a patient’s end-of-life decision-making is recognized as a cultural feature in Asia. Physicians often disclose the patient’s poor prognosis and corresponding treatment options to the male, family member rather to the patient him/herself. In order to address this ethical and practical dilemma, the concept of ‘relational autonomy’ and the collectivism paradigm might be ideally used to assist Asian people, especially older adults, to share their preferences on future care and decision-making on certain clinical situations with their families and important others. In this review article, we invited experts in end-of-life care from Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan to briefly report the current status of advance care planning in each country from policy, legal and clinical perspectives. According to the Asian experiences, we have seen different models of advance care planning implementation. The Asian Delphi Taskforce for advance care planning is currently undertaken by six Asian countries and a more detailed, culturally sensitive whitepaper will be published in the near future.
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Lu, Shiyu, Gloria H. Y. Wong, Terry Lum, and Tianyin Liu. "COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF THE COLLABORATIVE STEPPED CARE INTERVENTION FOR LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S876—S877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3213.
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Abstract Late-life depression is a burden on society because it is costly and have a significant adverse effect on the quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the collaborative stepped care intervention for depression among community-dwelling older adults compared to care as usual from a societal perspective. The intervention was piloted from 2016-2019 in Hong Kong. The study used a two-armed quasi-experimental design. Eventually, 412 older people were included (314 collaborative stepped care, 98 care as usual). Baseline measures and 12-month follow-up measures were assessed using questionnaires. We applied the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) and the Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI) respectively measuring quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and health care utilization. The average annual direct medical cost in the intervention group was USD 6,589 (95% C.I., 4,979 to 8,199) compared to US$ 6,167 (95% C.I., 3,702 to 8,631) in the care as usual group. The average QALYs gained was 0.036 higher in the collaborative stepped care group, leading to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of US$ 11,722 per QALY, lower than the cost-effectiveness threshold suggested by The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. The study showed that collaborative stepped care was a cost-effective intervention for late-life depression over service as usual.
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YIP, Shirley Wai Ying, and Gary Chung Hong Chong. "The Role and Responsibility of Clinical Pharmacists in Rheumatology Clinic: An exploratory study in Hong Kong." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 15, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): S85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v15i2.391.
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In Hong Kong, arthritis is the third leading chronic disorder among the older people. It could create a huge amount of burden on the health care system if patients cannot achieve good diseases control and have recurrent flare up of diseases. To maintain stable control and minimize acute flare up, medication adherence is essential. Studies revealed that drug education has the highest evidence in improving medication adherence. Pharmacists who are expert in drugs can provide counseling to arthritis patients, improving their drug adherence and disease activities. As a result, research evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacist counseling service on improving arthritis patients’ medication adherence and disease activities in Hong Kong has been initiated in a specialist out-patient clinic of a local acute hospital.
This research aims to improve patient medication adherence and enhance medication safety. A validated Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology (CQR-19) is used to measure the medication adherence. From the preliminary data, over 90% of the recruited subjects are non-adherence at baseline and thus, detailed drug counseling is necessary.
During the first visit, pharmacists will provide a 20 minutes drug counseling service to the referred patients. This includes discussion on drug administration schedule, importance of drug adherence, side effects management and pain management. Besides, pharmacists also have different roles in other aspects such as drug information and procurement. Pharmacists would assist in providing evidence-based information and recommendations to physicians and nurses for drug-related enquiries. These attempts to improve therapeutic outcomes and minimize medication errors, enhance medication safety and reduce hospitalization. Design of the multidisciplinary care model and results of this study would provide a reference for the future development of clinical pharmacist service in rheumatology.
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Gao, Xiang, Kaipeng Wang, and Fei Sun. "Mental Health Among Informal Caregivers of Older Adults in Asia." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.938.
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Abstract The purpose of this symposium is to highlight the mental health needs and factors associated with mental health among informal caregivers of older adults in Asia. The symposium consists of five papers. The first paper explores the perceived role, needs, and rewards of informal caregiving among caregivers of residents in independent long-term care facilities in South India. The second paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between long-term care service use and informal caregiver burden, depression, and health status. The third paper examines the association between caregivers’ characteristics and quality of life among informal caregivers of older adults with cognitive impairment in China. The fourth paper examines the association between coping strategies and caregiver burden and depression among Chinese caregivers of older adults with cognitive impairment. The last paper examines the association between cohort, meaning making, and depression among adult caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. Taken together, these five papers underscore of the mental health needs and protective and risk factors of mental well-being among caregivers in Asia. Findings of those papers inform the development and adaptation of culturally sensitive interventions to improve mental health outcomes among informal caregivers in Asia. The disccuant will comment on the strengths and limitations of these papers in terms of their contributions to the theory, research, and practice on mental health among informal caregivers in Asia.
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Chan, Crystal Ying, Patsy Y. K. Chau, Eng-kiong Yeoh, and Eliza L. Y. Wong. "Impact of additional community services provision on dementia caregiver burden: an interrupted time-series analysis of 12-year interRAI assessments in Hong Kong." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (November 2022): e057221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057221.
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ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of providing additional dementia caregiver support services on caregiver burden.DesignInterrupted time-series analysis using territory-wide panel data.SettingsAll public-funded district elderly community centres in Hong Kong (HK).ParticipantsPrimary caregivers for older adults (age over 65 years) living with dementia assessed through International Residential Assessment in HK between 1 October 2004 and 31 September 2016. Paid caregivers were excluded.InterventionsIn April 2014, US$280 million was allocated to provide additional psychological support, education and respite care for dementia caregivers in HK.Main outcome measuresCaregiver burden was measured by two age-standardised rates: (1) caregivers in emotional distress; and (2) caregivers with long care time in a week (more than 20 hours a week). We fitted the two time-series into Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models to evaluate intervention impacts, with follow-up analyses to consider a 6-month transition period of policy implementation. Segmented linear regressions and Holt-Winter exponential smoothening models were used as sensitivity analyses.Results36 689 dementia caregivers were included in this study, of which 14.4% caregivers were distress and 31.9% were long-hours caregivers after the policy intervention in April 2014. Providing additional caregiver service significantly reduced standardised rates of caregivers in distress (β (95% CI)=−3.93 (−7.85 to −0.01), p<0.05), but the effect was not sustained (p=0.183). There was no significant impact on the level of age-standardised rates of caregiver with long care time (β (95 CI)=−4.25 (−9.61 to 1.10), p=0.120). Also, there was no significant delay of intervention impacts.ConclusionOur study finds that strengthening caregiver services provision could reduce distress rates among primary caregivers for older adults living with dementia. Expanding community services for caregiver could be a solution to the escalating burden of informal care for people living with dementia.
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Chan, Emily Ying Yang, Jean Hee Kim, Eugene Siu Kai Lo, Zhe Huang, Heidi Hung, Kevin Kei Ching Hung, Eliza Lai Yi Wong, Eric Kam Pui Lee, Martin Chi Sang Wong, and Samuel Yeung Shan Wong. "What Happened to People with Non-Communicable Diseases during COVID-19: Implications of H-EDRM Policies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 5588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155588.
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People with existing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are particularly vulnerable to health risks brought upon by emergencies and disasters, yet limited research has been conducted on disease management and the implications of Health-EDRM policies that address health vulnerabilities of people with NCDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper reports the baseline findings of an anonymous, random, population-based, 6-month cohort study that aimed to examine the experiences of people with NCDs and their relevant self-care patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 765 telephone interviews were completed from 22nd March to 1st April 2020 in Hong Kong, China. The dataset was representative of the population, with 18.4% of subjects reporting at least one NCD. Results showed that low household income and residence in government-subsidized housing were significant predictors for the subjects who experienced difficulty in managing during first 2 months of the pandemic (11% of the NCD patients). Of those on long-term NCD medication, 10% reported having less than one week’s supply of medication. Targeted services for vulnerable groups during a pandemic should be explored to support NCD self-care.
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Sun, Fei, Angel Duncan, and Nancy Hooyman. "Arts-Based Interventions for Dementia Care: East Meets West Symposium." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1871.
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Abstract This East Meets West symposium presents evidence of arts-based interventions in dementia care in different societal settings, focusing on the U.S.A. and China, where live about one-third of the world’s total estimated 49 million dementia population. The first study from Kansas in the U.S. outlined the varieties of arts being applied in dementia care and recommended dementia care, inter-professional teams, to involve those professionals in arts and humanities. The second paper, based upon secondary national representative data, examined the association with arts-related hobbies and cognition status among Chinese older adults. The authors called for more research to shed light on the underlying mechanisms between arts and cognition. The third paper discussed two arts-based clinical trials on persons with dementia (PWD) at different stages living in Hong Kong. It found that dancing body movement therapy improved behavioral and emotional outcomes among those at the mild dementia stage. In contrast, music and movement worked better for those at the moderate dementia stage. The fourth study reviewed the effectiveness of body movement therapies for PWD, using an example of the Wheelchair-bound Senior Elastic Band for older adults with disability and dementia. The last study examined the effectiveness of a program that used museum tours to empower, educate, and inspire PWD. One discussant will share lessons learned across studies, and the other discussant from AARP Global Council on Brain Health will speak to the effects of music relating to the AARP 2020 consensus report on music and the brain health.
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Shankardass, Mala Kapur. "Addressing elder abuse: review of societal responses in India and selected Asian countries." International Psychogeriatrics 25, no. 8 (June 4, 2013): 1229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161021300063x.
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ABSTRACTIn India, during the last two decades, significant developments in societal responses to address elder abuse have emerged. There is greater emphasis on recognizing that older people may be subjected to abuse and neglect by family members and the community as well. Although there is growing interest in the collection of valid statistics on the incidence and prevalence of elder abuse, there is still a need for bringing better clarity on the conceptual understanding and refining definitions of elder abuse. The government, academic community, and the civil society are working toward understanding the underlying causes of elder abuse and neglect and are focusing on appropriate interventions to address it.This paper notes the developments in recognizing elder abuse and reviews the responses in addressing the issue from a legal, social, and public health perspective in India compared with some of the Asian countries, namely China, Hong Kong, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. While the paper highlights the Indian experience, it is also put in an Asian context where emerging demographics are raising many concerns related to the aging of the population, and the new dynamics of relationships at the family, community, and societal levels demand fresh approaches and thoughts toward improving the quality of life of older people and reducing their vulnerability toward the risk of abuse and neglect.
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Kane, Jennifer, and Kay de Vries. "Dignity in long-term care." Nursing Ethics 24, no. 6 (January 24, 2016): 744–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015624487.
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Background: The concept of dignity is recognised as a fundamental right in many countries. It is embedded into law, human rights legislation and is often visible in organisations’ philosophy of care, particularly in aged care. Yet, many authors describe difficulties in defining dignity and how it can be preserved for people living in long term care. Objectives: In this article, Nordenfelt’s ‘four notions of dignity’ are considered, drawing on research literature addressing the different perspectives of those who receive, observe or deliver care in the context of the long-term care environment. Methods: A review of the literature was undertaken using the terms ‘nursing homes’, ‘residential care’ or ‘long-term care’. The terms were combined and the term ‘human dignity’ was added. A total of 29 articles met the inclusion criteria from the United Kingdom (14), United States (2), Australia (1), Sweden (3), Hong Kong (2), Norway (3), Nordic (1), Taiwan (1), Netherlands (1). Ethical Considerations: Every effort has been made to ensure an unbiased search of the literature with the intention of an accurate interpretation of findings. Discussion: The four notions of dignity outlined by Nordenfelt provide a comprehensive description of the concept of dignity which can be linked to the experiences of people living in long-term care today and provide a useful means of contextualising the experiences of older people, their families and significant others and also of staff in long-term care facilities. Of particular interest are the similarities of perspectives of dignity between these groups. The preservation of dignity implies that dignity is a quality inherent in us all. This links directly to the exploration and conclusions drawn from the literature review. Conversely, promoting dignity implies that dignity is something that can be influenced by others and external factors. Hence, there are a number of implications for practice. Conclusion: We suggest that two of Nordenfelt’s notions, ‘dignity of identity’ and ‘dignity of Menschenwüde’, are a common thread for residents, family members and staff when conceptualising dignity within long-term care environments.
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Collins, Donna, and Betty Havens. "Satya Brink. (1998). Housing Older Persons: An International Perspective. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 18, no. 2 (1999): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s071498080000982x.
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RÉSUMÉHousing older people: An international perspective publièe en version augmentée faisant suite à sa parution dans le Ageing International Journal en 1997 constitue une source d'idées et de renseignements sur la question du logement, des besoins et de l'expérience des aînés dans plusieurs pays. Le livre se compose d'un tour d'horizon complet et de dix chapitres distincts traitant des pays développés et en développement, soit Singapour, Israël, Hong Kong, l'Australie, l'Inde, le Danemark, Taiwan, le Japon et les Pays-Bas. Rédigé par Satya Brink, le compte rendu du livre fait ressortir les points importants, notamment les tendances mondiales du vieillissement de la population et de l'urbanisation, les transformations des normes sociales et culturelles, le rôle du gouvernement en matière de logement des aînés et la relation complexe entre le logement, la santé, la situation financière et les besoins de soins. Les autres chapitres ont été rédigés par des autorités locales qui traitent de la situation de leur propre pays. Bien qu'il mette l'accent sur les pays eurasiens, le livre fournit une analyse représentative importante de la pensée et de l'expérience internationales dans le domaine. Son intérêt relève plus particulièrement de l'analyse des nations en développement, ce qui constitue un apport inusité à La documentation sur les aînés.
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Yam, Carrie H. K., Sian M. Griffiths, S. Liu, Eliza L. Y. Wong, Vincent C. H. Chung, and E. K. Yeoh. "Medical Regulation." Journal of Medical Regulation 102, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-102.1.16.
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The licensing and regulation of physicians is an important topic worldwide and is often tied to discussions in various countries of health care system reform. We conducted a review of current practices for regulating physicians as a key group of health care professionals in eight jurisdictions in Asia and other parts of the world in order to draw implications for the development of future regulatory policies in Hong Kong. Jurisdictions studied included Australia, Canada, China, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, the United Kingdom and the United States. A literature search, supplemented by interviews, was conducted. In analyzing information gathered about global regulatory systems, we used a framework for comparing regulatory typology, developed by the RAND Europe research institute. Our review found that the jurisdictions studied exhibited both similarities and differences in terms of how physicians are regulated and by whom. As a result of our search, we were able to identify 10 key trends in international medical regulation of importance to Hong Kong as it considers reforms to its health care system overall:Changes in medical regulation are seen as a way of improving the quality of patient care.Reform of medical regulation often requires government legislation.The creation of common principles for policies, structures and the organization of regulation between professions is an emerging practice.The involvement of lay people on boards and in inquiries is increasingly common.Medical regulation is moving away from models of self-regulation and toward regulatory models that emphasize partnership between professions and the public, physicians and patients.Health care providers and institutional regulators play complementary roles in medical regulation.Regulation impacts the quality of care — not just the detection and remediation of poor performance.Investigatory and disciplinary functions are increasingly separated and organized independently of each other.Continuous Professional Development (CPD) is compulsory for physicians in many jurisdictions.Overseas medical graduates are admitted into practice in different ways from country to country. These trends are important for regulators in all countries to note as they assess the basic structure and effectiveness of their own medical regulatory systems.
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Chen, Amber Xuqian, and Helene H. Fung. "THE EFFECT OF LANGUAGE ON PREPARATION FOR OLD AGE: EVIDENCE FROM CROSS-CULTURAL SURVEY AND TWITTER DATA." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3536.
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Abstract We aimed to further investigate the linguistic-savings hypothesis (Chen, 2013) in the field of aging, which maintains that when languages grammatically divide the future and the present (e.g. English and Czech), speakers tend to behave less future-oriented than those speaking languages that do not mark future tense (e.g. German and Chinese). In the 2018 wave of Aging as Future Project, 2,042 participants from the United States, Germany, Czech Republic, Hong Kong and Taiwan (18-93 year, Mean age= 55.47, 55.61% female) completed online questionnaires. The results supported the hypothesis that people speaking future-less languages tended to perceive the timing of preparation for old age closer to the present in terms of finance, living arrangement, nursing care, and loneliness, they also took action earlier and performed more relevant activities. Furthermore, the association between language and preparation timing was more salient in older adults than younger counterparts. And path analysis revealed that time discounting was a significant predictor (P=0.049) for the future-oriented behavior. Hence, speakers of futureless languages will view the future as temporally closer to the present, causing them to discount the future less and prepare for old age actively. Using LIWC 2017, we then analyzed community-level of future orientation with 80 million Tweets across countries and replicated our principal result through that usage of future-oriented languages partly predicted prevalence of health behaviors. The findings indicate that language not only shape people's own future-oriented outcomes, through decreasing time discounting, but also influence population health as a whole.
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Lam, Ching Man. "Editorial: “Gender, Family and Parenting in the Chinese Context." Open Family Studies Journal 7, no. 1 (July 30, 2015): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874922401507010058.
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“The family” has long been a focus of cross-party attention. While family is perceived as foundational to society’s success, how parents rear their children is perhaps the most conservative or persistent part of concern. While Chinese immigrant families and Chinese families in Asia – in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, mainland China, and elsewhere – are struggling with a socialization process that has emphasized support for traditional values, they are also simultaneously being confronted by modern ideologies and technologies. Professionals have a growing interest in addressing the culturally diverse needs and the gender issues of Chinese families. The theme of this issue of The Open Family Studies Journal, then, is “Gender, family and parenting in the Chinese context”. The heart of this special issue lies in a concern for families, in particular for the challenges posed to families and parenting practices in a changing world. The family, like any social group, is a product of history, culture and context. Because of economic and technological changes, and the increasingly pluralistic nature of our society, both gender relations and family structures have undergone tremendous change, and many challenges await elucidation. The seven papers in this special issue thus feature new perspectives on family, gender and parenting issues. The issue opens with a paper on scale validation. Since intimacy is a construct that has received limited attention in the Chinese context, the first paper, “Intimacy as a distinct construct: validating the intimacy scale among older adults of residential care homes in Hong Kong”, aims to develop a valid measurement for the quality of the relationship between older adults and family caregivers in the Hong Kong Chinese context. The study results demonstrate the reliability and validity of the instrument across samples of older adults. Paper 2 and 3 that follow are qualitative studies adopting cultural perspectives to understand Chinese American immigrant adults and older female survivors of intimate partner violence in Taiwan. In paper 2, “Understanding family connections and help-seeking behavior in Chinese parental lives. These findings illustrate how existentialism provides a new frame of reference and new practice directions for conducting parent-education programs. The final paper titled “Internet supervision and parenting in the digital age: The case of Shanghai” echoes the technological advancement and its impact on parenting. In a changing world, and in a society permeated by the Internet and by nearly instantaneous communication, families constantly need to adapt to different and changing ways of parenting. The paper explores the issue of parenting confidence in supervision of children’s Internet use in Shanghai, China. Multiple-regression models are used to identify factors affecting parents’ confidence about their own parenting. The findings suggest that efforts to assist parents should help them review their attitudes towards the Internet. American immigrant adults who attempt suicide”, the authors investigate beliefs, values and norms in the Chinese family culture and examine Chinese cultural influences on attitudes and beliefs about mental health and mental health services in the immigrant context. Paper 3, “Older female survivors of intimate partner violence in the Taiwanese cultural context” examines the needs of older female IPV survivors in another Chinese cultural context. The findings of both studies reflect the importance of family and the influence of Chinese family culture; they make it clear that traditional family beliefs are still highly valued and hold a prominent position in Chinese culture. The authors of these two papers question the efficacy of service-delivery models based on Western cultures, and they call for ethnically sensitive intervention approaches that incorporate cultural premises into developing viable options for service recipients. Paper 4 is titled “The Macau family-in-transition: the perceived impact of casino employment on family relationships among dealer families”. This paper draws on findings from a qualitative study to explore the impacts of casino employment on family life and family relationships. The family, like other social group, is a product of culture and context, and the specific socio-economic context of Macau poses challenges to dealer families and casino workers in performing their parental role. The paper sheds much-needed light on our understanding of Macau dealer families. The final three papers in this special issue all address the issue of parenting. Paper 5, “Reflective inquiry on professionals’ view on parents and about parenting”, examines professionals’ views of parents, their attitudes and beliefs about parenting, and the values underpinning their practice. The study’s findings on the theme of parent blaming provide an impetus for professionals to reflect on the attitudes and assumptions they hold, and their impact on parents. The paper calls for reflection on parenting work to recognize the difficulties and challenges faced by contemporary families. Paper 6, “Reviving parents’ life momentum: A qualitative evaluation of a parent education program adopting an existential approach”, reports the results of a qualitative analysis of the participants’ perceptions of a parent-education program. The findings of this study demonstrate that a program of this nature can make parents aware of the existential dimensions of being a parent and help them understand the significance of creating meaning in their In fact, family, parenting and gender are vastly contested terms which encompass a range of topics. The seven varied papers recommended for publication in this special issue reflect the considerable attention that we have placed on family, parenting and gender, and also the vision of this special issue. These papers add to the growing body of research and literature, and they provide both food for thought and a platform for discussion. In the last, I offer both my sincere thanks to the authors who have contributed to this special issue, and my gratitude to those who have participated as blind peer reviewers. Their thoughtful comments and criticisms have certainly improved the quality of each and every paper in this special issue.
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Ho (何式怡), Elsie Seckyee, and Lan-hung Nora Chiang (姜蘭虹). "Long-distance Filial Piety: Chinese Families in Australasia Caring for Elderly Parents across Borders (長距離的孝道：紐西蘭與澳洲華人家庭的跨國父母照顧)." Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2017): 278–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-01102006.
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In this age of transnational migration, family structures and relationships are transformed as a result of family members living in two or more countries. Over the past three decades, the international migration of Chinese from East Asia to Australia and New Zealand is an example of the global phenomenon of transnationalism, where families employ bi- or multi-local strategies to meet the needs of family members at different stages of their life cycle. Despite this growing trend towards transnationalism, the care of older people in transnational settings has received little attention in studies on migration, transnationalism and care. Older members are in need of help and care when their children and other younger relatives change residence to other countries. In the case of older people who have followed their adult children to live in another country, the need for help and care can arise or increase when the health of the older migrants deteriorates, often making it necessary for other overseas family members to go between countries for the care of their elderly relatives.This paper is based on 80 in-depth interviews with Chinese families in Australia and New Zealand where adult children are providing care to their aged parents living in Taiwan, the People’s Republic of China and Hong Kongsar. The study explores the transnational care-givers’ attitudes towards filial piety, and how filial responsibilities are performed through transnational care-giving. The findings offer insight into the ageing experience of elderly Chinese people in transnational contexts, and stimulates new thinking on broader issues of global human mobility and transnational aged care amongst contemporary Chinese families.隨著全球化與跨國移民的興起，家庭結構與家庭關係因家庭成員分散在不同國家而改變，東亞華人因為移民紐西蘭與澳洲而影響家庭結構並改變家庭關係就是一個例子。過去三十年東亞華人移民到紐西蘭及澳洲的數量大幅增加，家庭成員運用雙方或多方的在地策略，來滿足他們在不同生命階段中的需求；雖然跨國主義普遍發生於各國，但相關長者照顧的研究並未受到重視。當年輕子女離家後，年長父母隨著健康的惡化，生活協助與健康照顧的需求跟著產生，有些父母會隨著子女移往移民國，有些則留在當地由其他親友或移民子女來回奔波照顧。本研究透過深入訪談八十位居住澳洲與紐西蘭的台灣、香港及大陸移民，了解他們如何照顧居住在母國的年長父母。研究探索了跨國照顧者對孝道的看法，以及如何透過跨國照顧來盡孝道。研究結果從跨國移民脈絡中爬梳華人長者的老化經驗，擴展當代全球華人移動議題的討論視野並為跨國長者照顧議題注入新的看法。 (This article is in English).