Journal articles on the topic 'Older people and people with disability and carers'
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Tolson, Debbie, Iain Swan, and Christina Knussen. "Hearing disability: a source of distress for older people and carers." British Journal of Nursing 11, no. 15 (August 8, 2002): 1021–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2002.11.15.10529.
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Giraud, Olivier, Anne Petiau, Abdia Touahria-Gaillard, Barbara Rist, and Arnaud Trenta. "Tensions and polarities in the autonomy of family carers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in France." International Journal of Care and Caring 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/239788221x16316514499801.
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This article analyses the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on ‘monetised’ family carers’ understanding of their own autonomy in a long-term care relation at home. The reduction or suspension of medico-social service deteriorated the situation of family carers of frail older people or people with disability. We develop and apply an analytical grid of 15 interviews of monetised family carers about the reorganisation of care systems and their situation as carers. We identify three types of understandings of autonomy among family carers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: preventive autonomy; health protection autonomy; and supported autonomy.
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Gangannagaripalli, J., S. Yaakob, and M. Watson. "MEdication Management in older people with Intellectual Disabilities (MEMID): a scoping review." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 30, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2022): i44—i45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riac019.062.
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Abstract Introduction Globally, around 1 in 100 adults have intellectual disabilities (ID) (synonymous with learning disability in the UK) (1) yet their needs in terms of healthcare in general and medication management in particular, are under-researched. People with ID have more comorbidities compared with those without ID and around one third of older people (≥ 50 years) with ID (OPwID) have two or more chronic conditions, putting them at risk of polypharmacy (use of multiple medicines) (2). Aim To undertake a scoping review to gather evidence on the barriers and facilitators in the medication management of OPwID from a multi-stakeholder (patient, carer and healthcare professional) perspective. Methods Standard scoping review methods were used. Electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO) were searched from 2011-2021 using a range of search terms. Studies were included if they involved: OPwID without dementia (all types); healthcare professionals or caregivers caring for individuals with ID; problems related to medication use. The review was restricted to studies in the English language. The PRISMA-ScR checklist and reporting standards was used to conduct and report the review. Independent duplicate screening and data extraction was undertaken. The quality of studies was not formally assessed. A narrative synthesis was conducted to summarise the results and included barriers and facilitators associated with medicines management from patients’/carers’ and professionals’ perspectives. Results Eight studies were included, of which seven used qualitative methods. The majority of studies were undertaken in Europe ((the Netherlands (2), Norway (1), Belgium (1), UK (3)) and one was conducted in the US. Patients/carers reported several barriers/facilitators: The most cited barriers to medication management of OPwID from professionals’ perspective included: limited knowledge of, and training about, ID; nonadherence to guideline recommendation; and lack of coordination between different professionals in multidisciplinary teams. Conclusion/Discussion The review was restricted to two databases and the English language due to resource- and time-constraints. All the included studies were conducted in developed countries with different healthcare settings/practice. As such, the findings might not be generalisable to other less/under-developed countries or settings. There is limited empirical evidence regarding the medication management of OPwID, in particular, facilitators to medicines management from professionals’ perspective. OPwID are a highly vulnerable population for whom medications have an important role in managing their multiple morbidities. This review highlights an evidence gap regarding the medication management of these individuals. The results will be used to inform the development of personalised intervention(s) to improve the safe and effective use of medication in this population. References (1) Maulik PK, Mascarenhas MN, Mathers CD, Dua T, Saxena S. Prevalence of intellectual disability: a meta-analysis of population-based studies. Res Dev Disabil. 2011 Mar 1;32(2):419-36. (2) Hermans H, Evenhuis HM. Multimorbidity in older adults with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2014;35(4):776–83.
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O'Brien, Roisin, Fiona Breen, Caoimhe Gibney, Laura Mackey, Estefanía Guisado-Fernández, Brian Caulfield, Fiona Curran, et al. "77 Behind the Scenes: the Burden Experienced by Informal Carers of People with Dementia." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_3 (September 2019): iii17—iii65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz103.42.
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Abstract Background Informal care is undoubtedly a vital to dementia care in Ireland. To date, little research has been carried out exploring the burden experienced by informal carers of people with mild to moderate dementia. The main aim of this quantitative study is to explore the burden experienced by caregivers, relative to dementia severity. The secondary aim is to identify risk factors which may be contributing to this perceived burden. Methods Fifty-two people with dementia(PwD) and their informal caregivers were recruited by convenience sampling, and data was collected as part of the ‘CHESS’ research trial. Data was collected during baseline assessments between April 2017 and September 2018. Dementia disease severity was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), the Neuro-Psychiatric Inventory Questionnaire(NPI-Q), and the Disability Assessment for Dementia(DAD) scale. These outcome measures were then compared to levels of caregiver burden, which was measured using the Zarit-Burden Interview(ZBI). These comparisons were completed using Spearman’s correlations. Socio-demographic characteristics of both the carer and PwD were then compared to caregiver burden, using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results The results of the study substantiate that behavioural disturbances(p=0.000) and increasing disability(p=0.022) of the PwD are associated with higher carer burden. The study also identified potential non-modifiable risk factors for increased carer burden. These include spousal relationship to the PwD(p=0.096), older caregiver age(p=0.208), female carer gender(p=0.083) and higher educational attainment of the caregiver(p=0.035). Some of these differ from factors influencing burden in other international populations. Conclusion This preliminary analysis is the first study of its kind to be carried out in Ireland. It sheds light on potential predictors and risk factors for carer burden and shows need for future research to be carried out in this area. Such research would help to clarify interventions which could minimise the prevalence of the burden experienced by informal caregivers.
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Marston, Hannah, and Julie Samuels. "A Review of Age Friendly Virtual Assistive Technologies and their Effect on Daily Living for Carers and Dependent Adults." Healthcare 7, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7010049.
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Many barriers exist in the lives of older adult’s, including health, transport, housing, isolation, disability and access to technology. The appropriate integration of technology within age-friendly communities continues to offer possible solutions to these barriers and challenges. Older adults and disabled people continue to be affected and marginalized due to lack of access to the digital world. Working collaboratively with planners, policy makers and developers, social and living spaces in the future will ensure that residents are equipped to live in an era that continues to be led by, and is dependent upon, access to technology. This review paper uniquely draws together the small volume of literature from the fields of gerontology, gerontechnology, human computer interaction (HCI), and disability. This paper examines the national and international age-friendly frameworks regarding older adults who are carers of dependent people with disabilities.
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Singh, Prabhjot, Rafat Hussain, Adeel Khan, Lyn Irwin, and Roslyn Foskey. "Dementia Care: Intersecting Informal Family Care and Formal Care Systems." Journal of Aging Research 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/486521.
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Dementia is one of the major causes of disability and dependence amongst older people and previous research has highlighted how the well-being of people with dementia is inherently connected to the quality of their relationships with their informal carers. In turn, these carers can experience significant levels of emotional stress and physical burden from the demands of caring for a family member with dementia, yet their uptake of formal services tends to be lower than in other conditions related to ageing. This paper is based on a qualitative study undertaken in the Australian state of Queensland and explores issues of access to and use of formal services in dementia care from the perspective of the informal family carers. It identifies three critical points at which changes in policy and practice in the formal care system could improve the capability of informal carers to continue to care for their family member with dementia: when symptoms first become apparent and a diagnosis is sought; when the condition of the person with dementia changes resulting in a change to their support needs; and when the burden of informal care being experienced by the carer is so great that some form of transition appears to be immanent in the care arrangement.
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Górska, Sylwia, Kirsty Forsyth, Linda Irvine, Donald Maciver, Susan Prior, Jacqueline Whitehead, Janice Flockhart, Jane Fairnie, and Jenny Reid. "Service-related needs of older people with dementia: perspectives of service users and their unpaid carers." International Psychogeriatrics 25, no. 7 (March 27, 2013): 1107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610213000343.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Dementia is a major cause of disability among older people and constitutes one of the greatest challenges currently facing families and health and social care services in the developed world. In response to trends in dementia prevalence and the impact the condition has on peoples’ lives, dementia care has been placed high on the public and political agenda in the United Kingdom. However, despite significant public resources being allocated to combat the impact of the disease, recent evidence indicates that numerous challenges in relation to service provision remain. This study aimed to develop a deeper understanding of the lived experience of people with dementia regarding their service-related needs.Method: The study made use of data gathered through individual semi-structured, narrative interviews conducted with persons with experience of dementia and their unpaid carers.Results: Although participants were generally satisfied with the services they received, a number of unmet needs related to service provision were identified. In terms of diagnostic procedures the findings of this study indicate the need for early diagnosis delivered through a comprehensive assessment package. The participants also highlighted the need for well-coordinated post-diagnostic support, greater continuity of care concerning the personnel involved, and enhanced access to non-pharmacological interventions to support identity and social engagement.Conclusion: This study contributes to a better understanding of service-related needs of people with dementia in relation to diagnostic procedures and post-diagnostic support.
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Gilbert, Claire, Jane Wilcock, Ingela Thuné-Boyle, and Steve Iliffe. "A comparison of service use by people with dementia in two samples a decade apart." Dementia 16, no. 1 (July 27, 2016): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301215581504.
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Investment in improving community-based dementia care is underway in the United Kingdom, but we do not know how well it meets the needs of people with dementia and those who care for them. The aim of this study was to explore the service use and reported unmet needs of people with dementia in two samples recruited a decade apart. We interviewed 122 carers from Central Scotland and London in 2000–2001 and 84 carers from South-East England in 2010–2011 using the same interview schedule. The two samples of carers had similar demographics. The later groups were more likely to be spouses, slightly older, not working, ethnically diverse, have better perceived health and better access to a car. The people with dementia in each sample had similar characteristics and levels of disability. Carers in the later sample reported more met need for activities of daily living, although up to a third were still not getting sufficient help with some activities. Nearly half of both samples reported verbal aggression and nearly a fifth physical aggression, yet most have not received advice on how to manage this. There is a more evident role of the practice nurse ( p = 0.01) and less evident use of community nurses ( p = 0.0005), psychiatric nurses ( p = 0.006) and health visitors ( p = 0.0003) in the more recent sample.
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Brennan, Damien, Rebecca Murphy, Philip McCallion, and Mary McCarron. "024CAREGIVING CAPACITY AND FUTURE CARE PLANNING OF FAMILY CARERS FOR OLDER PEOPLE WITH AN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN IRELAND." Age and Ageing 45, suppl 2 (September 2016): ii1.1—ii12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw159.01.
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Bayer, Antony. "Telling older patients and their families what they want to know." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 13, no. 4 (November 2003): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259804001145.
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Good communication between health and social care professionals and patients, their families and carers is recognized increasingly as integral to best management. Thus a central principle of the NHS Plan is that all patients should have open access to information about services, treatments and performance and should be treated as partners in their own care. Lack of information and poor communication is a common basis for complaints, and there is little evidence that older patients want any less information than those who are younger Certainly, if elderly people living with long-term illness, frailty or disability are fully informed, they will be better able to make appropriate decisions and actively participate in managing their own condition and their lives. In general, it is for professionals to provide the required information and support, or to direct people to other quality sources of evidence-based information, and not for them to decide whether or what should be disclosed.
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Tooth, Leigh, Michele Clark, and Kryss McKenna. "Poor Functional Health Literacy: the Silent Disability for Older People." Australasian Journal on Ageing 19, no. 1 (February 2000): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2000.tb00133.x.
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Adhikari, Ramesh P., Nawaraj Upadhaya, Sasmita Paudel, Ruja Pokhrel, Nagendra Bhandari, Laura Cole, and Suraj Koirala. "Psychosocial and Mental Health Problems of Older People in Postearthquake Nepal." Journal of Aging and Health 30, no. 6 (April 3, 2017): 945–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264317702056.
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Objective: To identify community perceptions on psychosocial and mental health problems of older people in postearthquake situation in Nepal. Method: A qualitative methodology was adopted to explore the experience and opinions of older people, social workers, school teachers, health workers, and nongovernmental organization workers on the psychosocial and mental health problems of older people in Nepal, using key informant interviews. Results: Major local vocabulary for older peoples’ psychosocial and mental health problems were “bichalan” (variation in mood and feeling), “ekohoro” (becoming single minded), “athmabiswasko kami” (low self-esteem), and “bina karan rune” (crying without any reason). The major causes attributed to older people’s problems were physical injury, disability, family conflict, and economic problems. Forgetfulness, tiredness, loss of concentration, restlessness, and isolation were observed in older people since the 2015 earthquake. Discussion: The findings suggest that earthquake had negative impact on older people’s psychosocial well-being; however, little support or treatment options have been made available to these individuals. The tailor-made community-based psychosocial and mental health programs for older people are needed.
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Temple, Jeromey B., Margaret Kelaher, and Ruth Williams. "Disability discrimination and avoidance in later life: prevalence, disability differentials and association with mental health." International Psychogeriatrics 31, no. 9 (December 7, 2018): 1319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218001722.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Later life is a period of increased risk of disability, but there is little quantitative evidence regarding the exclusion of older people (through discrimination and avoidance) due to their health conditions. This study aims to (1) measure the prevalence of disability exclusion in later life, (2) examine how experiences of exclusion differ by disability type, and (3) investigate the association of exposure to exclusion with psychological distress.Methods:Using data from the 2015 ABS Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers, we calculated the prevalence of people aged 55 years and over with a disability experiencing discrimination and engaging in avoidance behaviors, disaggregated by 18 detailed disability types. Modified Log-Poisson models were fitted to estimate Prevalence Ratios to measure the association between exclusion and psychological distress, stratified by disability type.Results:In 2015, about 5% of Australians aged 55 years and over with a disability reported experiencing an instance of disability discrimination, and one in four reported avoiding a situation or context due to their disability. Accounting for psychosocial comorbidities and with extensive demographic controls, exposure to disability avoidance (PR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.7, 2.1) or discrimination (PR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.4, 2.1) almost doubled the probability of experiencing psychological distress. Effects were heightened for individuals reporting specific disabilities including sensory and speech and physical disabilities as well as those reporting a head injury, stroke, or acquired brain injury.Conclusions:Despite protections against disability discrimination in legislation, discrimination and avoidance due to disability is prevalent and is associated with poor mental health outcomes.
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Block, Laurie. "“An Invented Archive”: The Disability History Museum." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.8.2.288.
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The September 2006 issue of the Chronicle of Higher Education included a special supplement on “Diversity in Academic Careers.” It focused primarily on race and ethnicity; sexual preference received minimal attention. No references were made, however, to disability, although disabled Americans can be said to comprise the largest single “minority group” in the United States. Consider the following: according to the 2000 U.S. Census, 49.7 million people, representing 19.3 percent of the 257.2 million people aged five and older in the civilian noninstitutionalized population (or almost one in five U.S. residents), lives with some type of long-lasting condition or disability.
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Hughes, Mark, Christine Bigby, and Clare Tilbury. "Australian social work research on ageing and aged care: A scoping review." Journal of Social Work 18, no. 4 (June 14, 2016): 431–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316654346.
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Summary Little is known about the quantity, nature and range of Australian social work research on ageing and aged care. This scoping review involved a comprehensive search of seven online bibliographic databases. The review identified 108 peer-reviewed journal articles, published between January 2007 and June 2014, that reported Australian social work research on ageing and aged care. Findings The average number of authors per paper was 2.10 with most social work researchers co-authoring papers with non-social workers. The main topics of research focus were health and rehabilitation, elder abuse, asset management, community services and caregiving, housing and residential aged care, and ageing with an intellectual disability. The findings highlight the contribution social work researchers make to multidisciplinary gerontological research, and to understanding the lived experiences of older people and the provision of services. However, they also point to the relative paucity of research focusing on direct social work practice with older people, and the little evidence of the participation of older people and carers in the design and delivery of research. Applications The findings indicate the need for capacity-building strategies, such as developing networks of Australian social work researchers on ageing and aged care, to improve research outputs in this area.
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Livanou, Maria, Swaran P. Singh, Fani Liapi, and Vivek Furtado. "Mapping transitional care pathways among young people discharged from adolescent forensic medium secure units in England." Medicine, Science and the Law 60, no. 1 (November 10, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802419887287.
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This study tracked young offenders transitioning from national adolescent forensic medium secure units to adult services in the UK within a six-month period. We used a mapping exercise to identify eligible participants moving during the study period from all national adolescent forensic medium secure units in England. Young people older than 17.5 years or those who had turned 18 years (transition boundary) and had been referred to adult and community services were included. Of the 34 patients identified, 53% moved to forensic adult inpatient services. Psychosis was the most prevalent symptom among males (29%), and emerging personality disorder symptomatology was commonly reported among females (18%) followed by learning disability (24%). The mean time for transition to adult mental-health services and community settings was eight months. There were no shared transition or discharge policies, and only two hospitals had discharge guidelines. The findings highlight the need for consistency between policy and practice among services along with the development of individualised care pathways. Future qualitative research is needed to understand and reflect on young people’s and carers’ experiences to improve transition service delivery.
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Hogan, Anthony, Kate O'Loughlin, Peta Miller, and Hal Kendig. "The Health Impact of a Hearing Disability on Older People in Australia." Journal of Aging and Health 21, no. 8 (November 6, 2009): 1098–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264309347821.
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NYIRENDA, M., M. EVANDROU, P. MUTEVEDZI, V. HOSEGOOD, J. FALKINGHAM, and M. L. NEWELL. "Who cares? Implications of care-giving and -receiving by HIV-infected or -affected older people on functional disability and emotional wellbeing." Ageing and Society 35, no. 1 (September 4, 2013): 169–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13000615.
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ABSTRACTThis paper examines how care-giving to adults and/or children and care-receiving is associated with the health and wellbeing of older people aged 50+ in rural South Africa. Data used are from a cross-sectional survey adapted from World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in 2009/10 in rural South Africa. Bivariate statistics and multivariate logistical regression were used to assess the relationship between care-giving and/or care-receiving with functional disability, quality of life or emotional wellbeing, and self-rated health status, adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Sixty-three per cent of 422 older people were care-givers to at least one young adult or child; 27 per cent of older people were care-givers due to HIV-related reasons in young adults; 84 per cent of participants were care-recipients mainly from adult children, grandchildren and spouse. In logistic regressions adjusting for sex, age, marital status, education, receipt of grants, household headship, household wealth and HIV status, care-giving was statistically significantly associated with good functional ability as measured by ability to perform activities of daily living. This relationship was stronger for older people providing care-giving to adults than to children. In contrast, care-givers were less likely to report good emotional wellbeing; again the relationship was stronger for care-givers to adults than children. Simultaneous care-giving and -receiving was likewise associated with good functional ability, but about a 47 per cent lower chance of good emotional wellbeing. Participants who were HIV-infected were more likely to be in better health but less likely to be receiving care than those who were HIV-affected. Our findings suggest a strong relationship between care-giving and poor emotional wellbeing via an economic or psychological stressor pathway. Interventions that improve older people's socio-economic circumstances and reduce financial hardship as well as those that provide social support would go some way towards mitigating this relationship.
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Buys, Laurie, Gillian Boulton-Lewis, Jan Tedman-Jones, Helen Edwards, Marie Knox, and Christine Bigby. "Research: Issues of active ageing: Perceptions of older people with lifelong intellectual disability." Australasian Journal on Ageing 27, no. 2 (April 17, 2008): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2008.00287.x.
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Taş, Ümit, Arianne P. Verhagen, Sita MA Bierma-Zeinstra, Albert Hofman, Huib AP Pols, and Bart W. Koes. "Course and prognostic factors of disability in community-dwelling older people with mild disability: The Rotterdam Study." Australasian Journal on Ageing 31, no. 1 (July 6, 2011): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2011.00524.x.
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GARNHAM, BRIDGET, LIA BRYANT, PAUL RAMCHARAN, NILAN YU, and VALERIE ADAMS. "Policy, plans and pathways: the ‘crisis’ transition to post-parental care for people ageing with intellectual disabilities in rural Australian carescapes." Ageing and Society 39, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 836–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x17001258.
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ABSTRACTThe concurrent ageing of parental care-givers and people with intellectual disabilities is driving academic and social welfare concern for a post-parental care ‘crisis’. The ‘crisis’ typically pertains to a transition from primary care in the family home precipitated by the death or incapacity of older parents without a pre-planned pathway to post-parental care. This crisis is amplified in rural communities given low service engagement with families and a deficit of disability-supported accommodation and services. Academics, service providers and policy makers have responded through a problematisation of post-parental care planning. This focus continues to normalise informal care, burdens families with responsibility for planning, and diverts attention from structural deficits in the socio-political carescape. This paper attends to the Australian policy landscape in which long-term care-giving for families living with intellectual disability is enmeshed. It contends that the dyadic and didactic model of informal long-term care has profound implications for social service support and post-parental care planning. Problematisation of carers’ ‘need’ to relinquish primary care and for people with intellectual disabilities to transition to independent and supported living is necessary to unsettle the dominant policy and service discourse around the provision of services to sustain informal care-giving. Innovation is then needed to forge pathways of support for families in rural communities planning on continuing, transitioning and transforming care arrangements across the lifespan.
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Lafferty, Attracta, Dominique Phillips, Gillian Paul, Gerard Fealy, Majella Fahy, Linda Dowling-Hetherington, Clare Duffy, Breda Moloney, and Thilo Kroll. "Stage 1 Registered Report: A scoping review protocol to map the evidence on family carers who combine work with care." HRB Open Research 2 (April 23, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12905.1.
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Background: Family carers are considered the backbone of care provision in the community for those who are dependent due to frailty, disability or chronic illness. As the proportion of older people increases worldwide, it is anticipated that there will be a corresponding increase in reliance on family carers. Furthermore, due to the increasing participation of women in the workforce and delayed retirement, the proportion of carers who combine paid employment with caregiving responsibilities is likely to increase. Consequently, support for family carers who balance work with care is becoming a growing health, business, economic and social issue. However, research in this field is somewhat fragmented. Aim: This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review which aims to systematically and comprehensively map out the available published and unpublished literature on family carers who combine work with caring responsibilities. Methods: The scoping review will be undertaken in six steps: (1) identify the research question; (2) identify relevant studies; (3) select studies; (4) chart the data; (5) collate, summarise and report the results and (6) consult with relevant stakeholders. The review will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework guidelines to ensure methodological and reporting quality. A minimum of two reviewers will independently review articles for inclusion within the review. The review process will be iterative and the research question(s) and search strategy will be refined as the review progresses. Conclusion: This review will provide a mapped synthesis of the extent and nature of the available published and unpublished literature on family carers who juggle the competing demands of caregiving and paid work. Findings will be used to determine whether there is merit in carrying out a full systematic literature review and will provide direction for the next steps of a larger research project, which aims to support family carers in the workplace.
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Davidson, Bronwyn, Tami Howe, Linda Worrall, Louise Hickson, and Leanne Togher. "Social Participation for Older People with Aphasia: The Impact of Communication Disability on Friendships." Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 15, no. 4 (July 2008): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/tsr1504-325.
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McCarron, Mary, Marie O'Dwyer, Eilish Burke, Eimear McGlinchey, and Philip McCallion. "Epidemiology of Epilepsy in Older Adults With an Intellectual Disability in Ireland: Associations and Service Implications." American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 119, no. 3 (May 1, 2014): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-119.3.253.
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Abstract There are limited studies on the prevalence of epilepsy and co-morbid conditions in older adults with an ID. To begin to address this prevalence of epilepsy was estimated for participants in the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Associations with demographic variables and co morbid health conditions were examined. It was found that prevalence was high (30.7%); but declined as people aged. Those with epilepsy were less likely to live with family, independently or in community settings, rates of refractory epilepsy were high and, despite medication over half of those with epilepsy still reported experiencing seizures. Given these findings, people with ID and their careers have considerable needs for information about epilepsy management, and for support from specialist ID and epilepsy services.
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Haapala, Irja, Simon Biggs, and Susan Kurrle. "Social aspects of dementia and dementia practice." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 11 (November 2018): 1579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218001655.
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Social aspects of dementia are becoming increasingly important as part of a wider shift in emphasis from cure to care. This is partly because approaches based on finding a cure have proved far more difficult and complex than originally imagined (WHO, 2016). New evidence on the effectiveness of public health measures, that while incidence is growing as the proportion of older people in society increases its prevalence amongst older adults is actually falling, has also lead to increased interest in social dimensions of prevention, lifestyle change, and practical intervention in community settings (Prince et al., 2016; Kivipelto et al., 2017). This, in turn, has led to a rediscovery of the role of supports to people living with dementia in their daily lives, the needs of informal carers, and professional activities that can maintain the social engagement of each party (Winblad et al., 2016). The expansion of practice around person-centered care, beyond traditional institutional settings, has also contributed to a socialized view of how interactions in dementia care are thought about (Bartlett et al., 2017), as has an increased awareness of the effects of the social construction of dementia in the public mind (Biggs, 2018). Most recently, people living with dementia, and particularly with respect to younger onset dementia, have begun to find a voice and to make connections to the wider disability movement (Dementia Alliance International, 2017). Each of these developments, in their different ways, have led to a re-emphasis on psycho-social elements of dementia, its experience, and how that might translate into clinical practice and service delivery.
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Gant, Valerie, and Claire Bates. "‘Cautiously optimistic’: Older parent-carers of adults with intellectual disabilities – Responses to the Care Act 2014." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 23, no. 3 (September 2019): 432–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629519870437.
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This article discusses potential opportunities for best practice in the United Kingdom that may be brought about by the Care Act (2014). Carers in the United Kingdom were given new rights within this legislation with a focus on needs led assessment. The underpinning philosophy of the Care Act is to streamline the previous legislation and offers a framework for carers and people in receipt of care, to enable a more personalized approach to care and support. Offering a discussion of likely opportunities brought about by provisions of the Care Act, this article draws on a small study involving older parent/carers of sons or daughters with intellectual disabilities. Exploring the extent to which such parents of adults with intellectual disabilities were aware of the details of this legislation and the potential impact it may have on their lives highlighted other significant areas, some of which are discussed below. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five parents over the age of 60 of sons or daughters with intellectual disabilities in North West England. The study adds to the body of knowledge and understanding about parents of adults with intellectual disabilities and explores and provides a deeper understanding of parents’ experiences of the implementation of this specific piece of legislation and their perception of the relevance of it to themselves. Findings include some awareness of the legislation and some feelings of optimism about its likely implications, although participants appeared less clear about the specificities and the impact of these upon them and/or their sons or daughters. Findings from the semi-structured interviews also showed parent’s articulation of the extent of reciprocal care manifest between them and their son or daughter with an intellectual disability, as well as an awareness of the fragility of their own emotional well-being.
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Thorpe, Roland J., Rachael McCleary, Jenny R. Smolen, Keith E. Whitfield, Eleanor M. Simonsick, and Thomas LaVeist. "Racial Disparities in Disability Among Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Health 26, no. 8 (December 2014): 1261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264314534892.
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Objective: Persistent and consistently observed racial disparities in physical functioning likely stem from racial differences in social resources and environmental conditions. Method: We examined the association between race and reported difficulty performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in 347 African American (45.5%) and Whites aged 50 or above in the Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities–Southwest Baltimore, Maryland Study (EHDIC-SWB). Results: Contrary to previous studies, African Americans had lower rates of disability (women: 25.6% vs. 44.6%, p = .006; men: 15.7% vs. 32.9%; p = .017) than Whites. After adjusting for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and comorbidities, African American women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.14, 0.70]) and African American men (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = [0.13, 0.90]) retained their functional advantage compared with White women and men, respectively. Conclusion: These findings within an integrated, low-income urban sample support efforts to ameliorate health disparities by focusing on the social context in which people live.
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Schepens, Hadewych R. M. M., Joris Van Puyenbroeck, and Bea Maes. "“One does not forget, it all comes back”: elderly people with intellectual disability review adversities and stress-protection in their lives." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 20, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-11-2018-0061.
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Purpose People with intellectual disability are reported to encounter many negative life events during their increasingly long lives. In the absence of protective elements, these may cause toxic stress and trauma. Given the reported negative effects of such adverse events on their quality of life (QoL), the perspective of older people with intellectual disability themselves may be of relevance. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The authors questioned nine participants with mild intellectual disability, aged 61–88 years old, in four 90-min focus group sessions and thematically analysed the data. Findings Many recent and bygone negative life events still weighed heavily on the participants. Negative interactions, experiences of loss, lack of control and awareness of one’s disability caused stress. Their emotional response contrasted with their contentment, compliance and resilience. Having (had) good relationships, having learnt coping skills, remaining active, talking about past experiences and feeling free of pain, safe, well supported, capable, respected and involved seemed to heighten resilience and protect participants from toxic stress. Research limitations/implications Monitoring and preventing adverse (childhood) experiences, supporting active/emotional coping strategies, psychotherapy and life story work may facilitate coping with negative events and enhance QoL of elderly people with intellectual disability. Originality/value Elderly people with mild intellectual disability run a higher risk of experiencing (early) adverse events in life. They are very capable of talking about their experiences, QoL, and the support they need. Focus groups were a reliable method to capture their insights.
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Hamilton-West, Kate, Alisoun Milne, and Sarah Hotham. "New horizons in supporting older people's health and wellbeing: is social prescribing a way forward?" Age and Ageing 49, no. 3 (February 21, 2020): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa016.
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Abstract Older people’s health and care needs are changing. Increasing numbers live with the combined effects of age-related chronic illness or disability, social isolation and/or poor mental health. Social prescribing has potential to benefit older people by helping those with social, emotional or practical needs to access relevant services and resources within the local community. However, researchers have highlighted limitations with the existing evidence-base, while clinicians express concerns about the quality of onward referral services, liability and upfront investment required. The current article provides a critical review of evidence on social prescribing, drawing on the RE-AIM Framework (Glasgow et al., 1999) to identify questions that will need to be addressed in order to inform both the design and delivery of services and the evolving research agenda around social prescribing. We emphasise the need for researchers and planners to work together to develop a more robust evidence-base, advancing understanding of the impacts of social prescribing (on individuals, services and communities), factors associated with variation in outcomes and strategies needed to implement effective and sustainable programmes. We also call on policymakers to recognise the need for investment in allied initiatives to address barriers to engagement in social prescribing programmes, provide targeted support for carers and improve access to older adult mental health services. We conclude that social prescribing has potential to support older people’s health and wellbeing, but this potential will only be realised through strategic alignment of research, local level implementation and national policy and investment.
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Dent, Owen F., David A. Grayson, Louise M. Waite, John S. Cullen, Helen Creasey, Hayley P. Bennett, Barney J. Casey, and G. Anthony Broe. "A Longitudinal Study of Alcohol Consumption and Functional Disability in a Community Sample of Older People." Australasian Journal on Ageing 19, no. 4 (November 2000): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2000.tb00233.x.
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Tenison, Emma, Fiona E. Lithander, Matthew D. Smith, Danielle Pendry-Brazier, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, and Emily J. Henderson. "Needs of patients with parkinsonism and their caregivers: a protocol for the PRIME-UK cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 12, no. 5 (May 2022): e057947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057947.
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IntroductionPeople with parkinsonism are a highly heterogeneous group and the disease encompasses a spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms which variably emerge and manifest across the disease course, fluctuate over time and negatively impact quality of life. While parkinsonism is not directly the result of ageing, it is a condition that mostly affects older people, who may also be living with frailty and multimorbidity. This study aims to describe the broad range of health needs for people with parkinsonism and their carers in relation to their symptomatology, disability, disease stage, comorbidities and sociodemographic characteristics.Methods and analysisIn this single site cross-sectional study, people with parkinsonism will be sent a study information pack for themselves and their primary informal caregiver, if relevant. Data are collected via questionnaire, with additional support, if required, to maximise participation. A specific strategy has been developed to target and proactively recruit patients lacking capacity to consent, including those in residential care settings, with input from a personal consultee prior to completion of a bespoke questionnaire by a representative. Caregivers are also recruited to look at various health outcomes. Results will be displayed as descriptive statistics and regression models will be used to test simple associations and interactions.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the London—Brighton & Sussex Research Ethics Committee (REC reference 20/LO/0890). The results of this protocol will be disseminated through publication in an international peer-reviewed journal; presentation at academic meetings and conferences; and a lay summary uploaded to the PRIME-Parkinson website.Trial registration numberISRCTN11452969; Pre-results.
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Sharma, Anu, Kamalika Mukherji, and Chetan Shah. "Abstract : stomp in HPFT." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.587.
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AimsAnalyse the pattern of psychotropic drug use and deprescribing (in the context of STOMP) in people with Intellectual disability and Challenging behaviour in Hertfordshire community team(s) during 2016-17. STOMP stands for Stopping Over Medication in People with Learning Disability, Autism or both.BackgroundPublic Health England in 2015 estimated that on an average day in England, between 30,000 and 35,000 adults with a learning disability, autism or both were taking prescribed psychotropics without appropriate clinical indications . HPFT signed up to the STOMP pledge in 2017 to actively review psychotropic prescribing in line with NICE guidance alongside patients, carers and professional partnerships. This audit provides the outcomes of applying the STOMP Pledge to clinical practice.MethodData collection for the current audit occurred over Q1-5 in 2016–2017. All patients with Intellectual Disabilities on psychotropic medication were reviewed in psychiatric clinics. Awareness was raised about STOMP in teams. A semi-structured tool was developed based on the Self assessment framework published by the ID faculty RCPsych and prospective data were collected after each outpatient visit.Result347 patients were prescribed psychotropic medication and reviewed quarterly between 2016-2017. 96 patients were prescribed antipsychotics for challenging behaviour. Other prescribed medications included mood stabilisers, anticonvulsants, anti-depressants and benzodiazepines. Common antipsychotics used: Risperidone (63), Aripiprazole (14), Quetiapine (9), Olanzapine (4); Chlorpromazine (2). Four patients were maintained on two antipsychotics in varying combinations. The data collection tool noted that alternatives to medication were tried in 32 cases. Deprescribing occurred in 41 casesConclusionThis study represents an attempt to capture the impact of the STOMP principles in a clinical sample. Various alternatives to medications were pursued in the sample such as positive behaviour support, sensory integration, psychological therapies, social support. Younger adults (under 30 years) represented the largest proportion of cases where medication was increased. Adults over 30 years represented the largest proportion of cases where a STOMP reduction occurred. This may reflect the individual factors at play. Younger people with ID and /or Autism are more likely to experience changes in support and structure at transition, whilst older adults may have more physical comorbidities that may influence this decision.zcvv
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Lee, Lynette, Mark Heffernan, Geoffrey McDonnell, Stephanie D. Short, and Vasi Naganathan. "A system dynamics modelling approach to studying the increasing prevalence of people with intellectual developmental disorders in New South Wales." Australian Health Review 40, no. 3 (2016): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14150.
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Objective The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence count of people with intellectual developmental disorders (IDD) in New South Wales (NSW) in 2003, by age groups, and to forecast their prevalence until 2043. Methods Administrative data obtained from NSW government departments of education, pensions, health and disability were used to profile the number of people whose characteristics met the criteria for ‘intellectual developmental disorders’ who had received services in 2003. These figures were compared with published tables of NSW data from the national self-report Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers (SDAC) of 2003 to estimate the likely prevalence of people with intellectual developmental disorders, by age groups in that year. The results were then used as baseline figures in a computational system dynamics model of the aging chain of people with these disorders, built to project prevalence to 2043. Results The number of people who met the criteria for having intellectual developmental disorder in NSW in 2003 was estimated to be 57000 (a ratio of 85 per 10000), with 32000 aged 0–15 years, 15000 aged 16–39 years, 9000 aged 40–64 years and 1000 aged 65+ years. Using these figures as baseline, the computer simulation predicted a total increase to 77225 people in 2013 and 135905 people by 2043. By 2043, the number of children with intellectual developmental disorders will have doubled, from 32000 to 59480, and the number of adults will have tripled, from 25000 to 76420. Conclusions This modelling technique forecast an increase in the prevalence count of people with intellectual developmental disorders in NSW over the period 2003–43 from 57000 (85 per 10000) to 135905 (135 per 10000). These predictions may have important implications for the planning of specialist health services for this group of people. What is known about the topic? The prevalence ratio of people with intellectual developmental disorders is quoted at lying between 1% and 2% of the Australian population, depending on the definition adopted. It is known that life expectancy for this group of people is increasing. Many people with intellectual developmental disorders have multiple service demands and there is a need to understand the prevalence count in various age groups in order to plan effectively for their health service needs. What does this paper add? This paper confirms a NSW prevalence ratio of people with intellectual developmental disorders of approximately 0.85% for the purposes of specialist health service planning at the beginning of the 21st century, and this is predicted to increase to 1.35% over a 40-year period. The paper demonstrates that there will be significant growth in the number of adults surviving to old age between 2003 and 2043. What are the implications for practitioners? It is known that as people with intellectual developmental disorders age, their health promoting care needs increase, as do their dependencies on special supports. Planning for the allocation of resources associated with the welfare and healthcare of people with intellectual developmental disorders may need to be focused on this anticipated increase in the number of older people with the condition.
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Cherry, Elizabeth, Roger J. Stancliffe, Eric Emerson, and Renata Tichá. "Policy Implications, Eligibility, and Demographic Characteristics of People With Intellectual Disability Who Access Self-Directed Funding in the United States." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 59, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-59.2.123.
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Abstract This study identifies factors (state of residence, personal characteristics, and living situation) associated with access to self-directed funding (SDF) for adults with intellectual disability in the United States. Data from 10,033 participants from 26 states in the 2012–2013 National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey were analyzed. We examined state, age group, residence type, disability diagnoses, mental health status, and type of disability support funding used. Availability of SDF for people with ID varied by state and aligned mostly with state-by-state policy data on SDF eligibility and availability. The results of a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that access to SDF was lower in older adults and higher for people who lived in their parents' or relatives' home, an independent home, and with certain personal characteristics. Potential influences from policy and practice, and approaches to increase access to SDF are discussed.
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Baldwin, Peter A., Victoria Rasmussen, Julian N. Trollor, Jenna L. Zhao, Josephine Anderson, Helen Christensen, and Katherine Boydell. "IDTWO: A Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial of a Web-Based Mental Health Intervention for Australians with Intellectual Disability." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052473.
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People with intellectual disability (ID) experience higher rates of mental illness and reduced access to appropriate care and treatment. Tailored electronic mental health (eMH) programs offer opportunities to address these disparities. The aim of this study is to examine whether a fully automated and self-guided eMH program tailored to the needs of people with ID can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression and improve daily functioning in people with borderline-to-mild ID. Australians with borderline-to-mild ID, aged 16 years and older with mild-to-moderate depression and/or anxiety symptoms will be eligible to participate with the help of a nominated carer, if necessary. A randomised controlled trial with a sample size of 150 participants divided into treatment and waitlist control arms will be conducted. Participants randomised to the intervention group will have full access to the Healthy Mind program for eight weeks. The waitlist control group will gain full access to the program following the eight-week treatment period. Efficacy will be assessed on the Anxiety, Depression, and Mood Scale; Kessler-10; and the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 across three time-points (baseline, eight weeks, and three months). We expect that people who use the intervention will report reduced depression and anxiety, relative to the control group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effectiveness of a fully automated eMH program for improving mental health in people with ID. We expect our study to render new knowledge on the delivery and effects of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) tools for people with ID.
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Rencber, Emin, and Ozlem Terzi. "Quality of Life of Older People Receiving Home Health Care Services: An Example From Turkey." Home Health Care Management & Practice 33, no. 1 (September 28, 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822320959319.
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Advanced age, restrictions on daily life activities, increased disability, and chronic diseases negatively affect the quality of life of older individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the quality of life of older patients receiving home health care services (HHCS) in Samsun province, Turkey. The population of this cross-sectional study comprised 489 individuals aged 65 years and older. Patient selection was performed using the stratified randomized sampling method. A total of 183 patients were included in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used in the statistical evaluation of data, and significance was regarded as p < .05 for all tests. Some 75.4% of the patients were women, and the average age was 82 years. Eighty-three percent of the participants were semi-dependent or completely dependent in the activities of daily living (ADL); however, in the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), 96.0% were semi-dependent or completely dependent. The quality of life of the older people receiving HHCS was identified as low both in the physical and mental health components. However, physical quality of life was statistically higher in men, in graduates of primary school or above, and in patients with no decubitus ulcers compared with the others. We found that the older individuals receiving HHCS had a lower quality of life due to their chronic diseases and high dependency compared with the general population and their contemporaries.
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Jylhä, Marja. "Old Age and Loneliness: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the Tampere Longitudinal Study on Aging." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 23, no. 2 (2004): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cja.2004.0023.
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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine whether older age is associated with increasing loneliness in people aged 60 and over. Data came from TamELSA, a population-based prospective longitudinal study in Tampere, Finland. The follow-up time was 20 years. Loneliness was measured by a single question – “Do you feel lonely?“ – with the possible answers often, sometimes, or never. Cross-sectional analysis showed that the percentage of subjects feeling lonely increased toward older age groups, but in a multivariate analysis, only household composition and social participation were independently associated with loneliness. Longitudinal analysis showed that loneliness increased with higher age. Over a 10-year period, loneliness increased most in those who, at baseline, were married and living alone with their spouse. In conclusion, only a minority of older people continuously suffer from loneliness. Loneliness does increase with age, not because of age per se, but because of increasing disability and decreasing social integration.
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Asiimwe, Stephen B., Livia Montana, Kathleen Kahn, Stephen M. Tollman, Chodziwadziwa W. Kabudula, Xavier F. Gómez-Olivé, Lisa F. Berkman, Maria M. Glymour, and Till Bärnighausen. "HIV Status and Antiretroviral Therapy as Predictors of Disability among Older South Africans: Overall Association and Moderation by Body Mass Index." Journal of Aging and Health 32, no. 10 (June 5, 2020): 1335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264320925323.
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Objectives: Among older people living with HIV (PLWH) and comparable individuals without HIV, we evaluated whether associations of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) with disability depend on body mass index (BMI). Methods: We analyzed 4552 participants in the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa.” (HAALSI) We compared prevalence of disability (≥1 impairment in basic activities of daily living) by HIV status, ART use, and BMI category, adjusting for age, sex, education, father’s occupation, country of origin, lifetime alcohol use, and primary health-care utilization. Results: Among PLWH, those underweight had 9.8% points (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 18.4) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Among ART users, those underweight had 11.9% points (95% CI: 2.2 to 21.6) higher prevalence of disability than those with normal BMI. Conclusions: We found no evidence that weight improvement associated with ART use is likely to increase disability.
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Bigby, Christine, and Susan Balandin. "Another minority group: use of aged care day programs and community leisure services by older people with lifelong disability." Australasian Journal on Ageing 24, no. 1 (March 2005): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2005.00061.x.
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Matsuyama, Sanae, Shu Zhang, Yasutake Tomata, Saho Abe, Fumiya Tanji, Yumi Sugawara, and Ichiro Tsuji. "Association between improved adherence to the Japanese diet and incident functional disability in older people: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study." Clinical Nutrition 39, no. 7 (July 2020): 2238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.10.008.
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Prina, A. Matthew, Yu-Tzu Wu, Carolina Kralj, Daisy Acosta, Isaac Acosta, Mariella Guerra, Yueqin Huang, et al. "Dependence- and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Across Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A 10/66 Study." Journal of Aging and Health 32, no. 5-6 (January 30, 2019): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264319825767.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate healthy life expectancies in eight low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), using two indicators: disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) and dependence-free life expectancy (DepFLE). Method: Using the Sullivan method, healthy life expectancy was calculated based on the prevalence of dependence and disability from the 10/66 cohort study, which included 16,990 people aged 65 or above in China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, India, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela, and country-specific life tables from the World Population Prospects 2017. Results: DFLE and DepFLE declined with older age across all sites and were higher in women than men. Mexico reported the highest DFLE at age 65 for men (15.4, SE = 0.5) and women (16.5, SE = 0.4), whereas India had the lowest with (11.5, SE = 0.3) in men and women (11.7, SE = 0.4). Discussion: Healthy life expectancy based on disability and dependency can be a critical indicator for aging research and policy planning in LMICs.
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Gibson, Diane. "Who uses residential aged care now, how has it changed and what does it mean for the future?" Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20040.
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ObjectiveThis paper presents past trends in resident characteristics and usage patterns in residential aged care and explores implications for the future. MethodsTime series analyses were undertaken of national aged care administrative datasets and the Australian Bureau of Statistics Surveys of Disability, Ageing and Carers. ResultsAlthough the number of people in residential care has continued to increase, resident profiles have changed as a result of higher growth rates in the number of men and of people aged 65–74 years and 90 years and over, and a decline in the number of women aged 75–89 years. Relative to population size, usage rates are declining across all age groups, the average length of stay is shortening, and dependency levels appear to be rising. ConclusionChanging trends in residential aged care use, when combined with key trends in the broader population of older Australians, offer useful insights in planning for the future. What is known about the topic?Trends in the changing characteristics of permanent aged care residents and patterns of use of Australian residential aged care have received sparse attention in scholarly journals. Government reports and databases contain useful statistics, but they do not provide a coherent analysis and interpretation of the implications of these trends or situate them in broader population patterns. What does this paper add?The analyses in this paper demonstrate patterns of change and continuity in the use of residential care over the past decade, and locate those changes in the context of broader trends in the ageing population. Together, this provides useful insights into current and likely future trends, as well as a basis for imagining an improved residential aged care system in the future. What are the implications for practitioners?These analyses illustrate how data on aged care services, demographic trends and disease patterns can be used to consider the challenges that have affected our residential aged care system in the past and how that may be addressed in the future.
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Litwin, Howard, Amit Shrira, and Dov Shmotkin. "Self-Reported Functional Status Among the Old-Old." Journal of Aging and Health 24, no. 5 (March 15, 2012): 846–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264312436714.
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Objectives: To examine differences in functional status among two successive cohorts. Method: The study was a comparative analysis of Jewish respondents aged 75 to 94 from two nationwide random samples: the Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Aging Study (1989-1992; N = 1,200) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2005-2006; N = 379). Self-reported functional limitation and disability were compared by means of logistic regressions and MANCOVA, controlling for age, gender, origin, education, marital status, income, self-rated health, and home care receipt. Results: Reported functional limitation decreased in the later cohort (SHARE-Israel), but activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability increased. Receipt of home care moderated these effects. ADL and IADL disability increased among home care–receiving respondents in the later cohort whereas functional limitation decreased among respondents not in receipt of home care. Discussion: The findings suggest that different measures used to assess the disablement process capture different aspects and that contextual factors influence how older people rate their own functional capacity.
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Ladly, Martha, and Kartikay Chadha. "Postcard Memories: A virtual / tangible memory sharing application for adults with early-stage dementia (ESD)." Virtual Creativity 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/vcr_00020_1.
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Dementia is a major cause of disability among older adults, with 50 million people worldwide living with the disease and 10 million new cases diagnosed each year. Postcard Memories is a web-based, virtual memory-sharing mobile application, designed to support individuals diagnosed with early-stage dementia (ESD), their families, friends and caregivers. The research and design methods employed argue the value and importance of elder‐computer interaction, and greater personalization, supporting and enhancing elder’s engagement in both the virtual and physical mnemonics of memory sharing. The researchers implemented a two-stage study design, including formative and summative assessments of low- and high-fidelity prototypes, pre-, and post-testing questionnaires, patient and carer interviews and ‘think-aloud’ testing methodologies for interaction evaluation. Through quantitative and qualitative assessments this research demonstrates that the Postcard Memories application has potential benefits, including enhanced technical ability and hence self-confidence with new technologies; and enhanced interactions with family members, a promising outcome for those living with ESD.
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Gibson, Jennifer A., and Sarah Crowe. "Frailty in Critical Care: Examining Implications for Clinical Practices." Critical Care Nurse 38, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2018336.
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Frailty is an aging-related, multisystem clinical state characterized by loss of physiological reserves and diminished capacity to withstand exposure to stressors. Frailty increases the risk of serious adverse outcomes, compared with that of nonfrail people of the same age. Adverse outcomes can be severe and may include procedural complications, delirium, significant functional decline and disability, prolonged hospital length of stay, extended recovery periods, and death. As older adults make up a continually growing proportion of hospitalized patients, critical care nurses need to understand how to recognize frailty and be familiar with related clinical practice implications. Such knowledge underpins effective organization and delivery of care strategies aimed at minimizing harm and maximizing positive outcomes for frail older adults. Drawing from recent literature, this article explores frailty and critical illness by discussing 2 dominant models of the concept. Using a clinical case study, links between frailty and critical care nursing practices are highlighted and clinical considerations are explored.
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Young, Aideen, and Anthea Tinker. "Who are the baby boomers of the 1960s?" Working with Older People 21, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-06-2017-0015.
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Purpose The 8.3 million babies who were born during the 1960s in the UK are 48-57 years old. With growing concern about population ageing, and the oldest of this large cohort on the brink of later life, it is timely to provide an overview of selected characteristics of this cohort in order to help predict likely needs and choices for services and products in later life. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A synthesis (non-systematic) of the academic and grey literature plus data from various sources including the Office for National Statistics was used to construct a picture of the 1960s baby boomer. Findings Characteristics with the potential to signify lifestyle changes among this, compared with previous, cohorts of older people include: a higher probability of living alone in old age due to high rates of childlessness and divorce; a possibly larger proportion of their lives spent with one or more chronic conditions, although the prevalence of disability affecting activities of daily living is lower than for previous cohorts; high levels of home ownership; increased rates of employment at older ages; but reduced wealth compared with previous cohorts. Originality/value The term baby boomer is generally used to denote people born in the undifferentiated surge of births that occurred in the USA between 1946 and 1964. In the UK, post Second World War spike in births was followed by a separate, broad surge in births across the 1960s but there has been very little analysis specifically of the 1960s cohort in this country. This paper addresses that gap, by bringing together the available evidence and data on this specific cohort in the UK.
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Nageswaran, Priyanka, Mahua Chakrabarti, Nagina Khan, Neena Modi, Vipin Zamvar, and Indranil Chakravorty. "Structural Inequalities and Intersectionality are the Root Causes of Gender Discrimination & Sexual Harassment." Sushruta Journal of Health Policy & Opinion 15, no. 1 (January 23, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.38192/15.1.4.
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Sexual harassment and gender discrimination overlap affecting people (including children) of all genders, however data shows an overwhelmingly high prevalence of violence or harassment experienced by women in areas of conflict, professional life and in their homes as well as in the healthcare workplace. It is pervasive, persistent and all too common.
Workplace sexual harassment an discrimination although illegal, is particularly is more common in women who are young, early in their careers, in temporary employment, from under-represented or marginalised groups based on ethnicity, immigrant status, gender non-conformity or disability. Majority of perpetrators are men, who are older and enjoy the privilege of disproportionate power and in certain toxic male-dominated healthcare environments.
Two recent stories of sexual harassment in healthcare prompted many women to follow suit and share similar stories referring to flashbacks, post-traumatic stress, damage to careers, pressure to leave their job, self-harm and suicidal thoughts, brought about by their experiences. Yet there are examples of women as role models breaking down historical barriers such as Hilary and Chandi in their polar adventures.
Tackling such structural inequality requires remedies that go beyond incremental approaches focussed on individuals and include transformation of the organisational and societal climate by interventions, affirmative policies and courageous, compassionate leadership. Workplace sexual harassment and discrimination is unacceptable, not inevitable and needs to be eradicated.
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Sadler, Catharine. "Older people need expert carers." Nursing Standard 27, no. 47 (July 24, 2013): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.07.27.47.62.s54.
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Travers, A. F. "Caring for Older People: Carers." BMJ 313, no. 7055 (August 24, 1996): 482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7055.482.
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Pierpaoli, Christina M., and Patricia A. Parmelee. "Feelings of Usefulness to Others Predict Active Coping With Osteoarthritis Knee Pain." Journal of Aging and Health 29, no. 5 (April 22, 2016): 826–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316645549.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To investigate associations of perceived usefulness to other people with active versus passive coping strategies among adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Additional aims explored contributions of personality variables to this dynamic. Method: 199 persons (70.3 years ± 10.4) with knee OA reported personality, coping, and psychosocial data using the Big Five Inventory, subscales from the Social Provisions Scale, and the Coping With Illness measure. Regression analyses identified predictors of perceived usefulness and its independent and interactive associations with active versus passive coping and personality variables. Results: Better subjective health predicted perceived usefulness. Older adults with higher reported perceived usefulness employed more active than passive pain coping strategies. Passive coping was associated with neuroticism and greater functional disability. Discussion: Usefulness predicted active OA pain coping, suggesting that it may promote well-being among persons with chronic pain. Further study investigating perceived usefulness in promoting positive health behaviors is needed.