Journal articles: 'Old saws'

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Chacon-Cruz, Enrique, and Erika Zoe Lopatynsky-Reyes. "Association between Meningococcal Meningitis and Santa Ana Winds in Children and Adolescents from Tijuana, Mexico: A Need for Vaccination." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 3 (February 23, 2023): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8030136.

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Background: Based on previous studies (regional and national), Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico (across the border from San Diego, California, USA), has been shown to have the highest rate of meningococcal meningitis (MeM) in the country. However, the reason for this high incidence has not yet been established. To explain this regional/endemic public health problem, we aimed to evaluate whether there is a climatic association with MeM in the region. In the “African Meningitis Belt,” the Harmattan seasons are associated with MeM outbreaks; similarly, the Santa Ana winds (SAWs) seasons are characterized by hot and dry winds (similar to Harmattan seasons) that occur seasonally in Southwest California, USA, and Northwest Baja California, Mexico. Objectives: We aimed to determine a potential association of SAWs with MeM in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, which in turn may partially explain the high rate of this disease in the region. Methods: Based on our previously published data obtained from thirteen years of active surveillance of MeM and a 65-year review showing the seasonal occurrence of SAWs, we estimated the risk ratio (RR) for the total case numbers of MeM (51 cases of children < 16 years old) vs. bacterial meningitis not caused by Neisseria meningitidis (NMeM, 30 cases, same age group) during seasons with and without SAWs. Results: We found an association between SAWs and MeM, but not with NMeM (RR = 2.06, p = 0.02 (95% CI 1.1 to 3.8), which may partially explain the high endemicity of this deadly disease in this part of the globe. Conclusion: This study shows a new potential climatic association with MeM and provides more information that justifies universal meningococcal vaccination in Tijuana, Mexico.

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Petrosyan, Armen Ye. "Reflexes of a Hurrian Word in Armenian: A Theonym, a Dendronym, an Anthroponym." Вопросы Ономастики 18, no. 3 (2021): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.3.035.

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In Old Armenian, saws means ‘proud, luxurious, great,’ ‘some (bright) color,’ and saws and sawsi mean ‘oriental plane tree’. The word has no etymology. Hurrian has the word šauša [sausa] ‘big, great’ and the theonym Šauša / Šauška for the local version of the great goddess Ištar. The article undertakes to find a single etymon looking for the clue in comparative mythology. It is known that Anušavan, one of the ancient Armenian mythical patriarchs, was referred to as Sawsanuēr which can be interpreted as “The gift of plane trees” (with a reference to the cult of the plane trees of Armawir, the earliest capital of Armenia). According to mythology, Anushavan’s father and grandfather were related to Šamiram (Greek Semiramis), the queen of the city of Nineveh (capital of Assyria) that is seen as a historicized version of the local goddess Šauš(k)a otherwise called “Ishtar of Nineveh.” The Armenian saws ‘great, magnificent’ quite correlates with this name as a loan from the Hurrian šauša ‘great,’ with a regular apocope. The plane trees were probably symbols of the goddess. Thus, it is natural to assume that the dendronym saws / sawsi (the second form with the Indo-European suffix *-iyā, characteristic of Armenian dendronyms, cf. the genitive plural form sawseac‘) is of Hurrian origin. The first meaning of the Hurrian word ‘great, magnificent’ subsequently turned into theonym and then to the Armenian dendronym, the name of the largest and most luxurious tree in the Armenian Highland and adjacent territories.

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Tyson, Thomas N., and David Oldroyd. "STRAW MEN AND OLD SAWS – AN EVIDENCE-BASED RESPONSE TO SY & TINKER'S CRITIQUE OF ACCOUNTING HISTORY." Accounting Historians Journal 34, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.34.1.173.

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In a recent Accounting History article, Sy and Tinker (S&T) [2005] critique accounting history for its support of “archivalism” and empiricism in light of irrefutable arguments against these “antiquarian epistemes.” While tempted to lambaste S&T's article as unfettered social activism rather than evidence-based historical inquiry, we focus instead on the more substantive questions S&T raise. We initially summarize their essential arguments, although some of the statements they make are contradictory in nature. We then discuss fundamental issues and genuine challenges to accounting history posed by the post-Kuhnian critique that S&T and others represent, as well as the nature and purpose of historical enquiry. We reviewed the accounting history journal articles published between 2001 and 2005 and use our findings to evaluate the broad assertions that S&T make about accounting history. We conclude that S&T's critique is unwarranted and unjust, especially when the subject matter of the most recent accounting history articles is considered.

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Jamnick, Mark S. "A Comparison of Chain Saws, Brushcutters, and Machetes in Thinning a Young Conifer Plantation in the Sierra Nevada." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 4, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/4.2.60.

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Abstract Chain saws, power brushcutters, and machetes were used in thinning an 8-year-old, 14.5 ac mixed conifer plantation in the Sierra Nevada. A comparison of production rates indicated no significant difference between chainsaws and machetes, with brushcutter production rates significantly lower than the other two tools. Differences in production rates were not attributable to tree size or number of trees per acre. Inefficiency of brushcutters was attributable to greater maintenance and downtime as compared to the other two tools. Further comparisons of these tools could be useful in determining the least expensive method of conducting precommercial thinnings in young mixed conifer plantations. West. J. Appl. For. 4(2):60-62, April 1989.

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Brock, Samuel M., Kenneth D. Jones, and Gary W. Miller. "Felling and Skidding Costs Associated with Thinning a Commercial Appalachian Hardwood Stand in Northern West Virginia." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 3, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/3.4.159.

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Abstract Detailed cost information on thinning operations is needed to develop economic guidelines for managing immature central Appalachian hardwood stands. Three thinning treatments were applied in a 50-yr-old mixed-oak, cove hardwood stand in northern West Virginia. A commercial logging contractor using chain saws and a rubber-tired skidder conducted the logging operations. Time-study data were used to compute production rates for felling marked trees and skidding tree-length logs to roadside landings for each thinning treatment. Production rates ranged from 2.7 to 3.0 cunits/hr depending on the residual stocking treatment. The cost of merchantable material at roadside ranged from $10.79 to $11.99 per cunit. Regression equations for predicting felling and skidding times were developed for each treatment. Data from these equations can be used in estimating production rates and costs for similar thinning operations. A nomogram is provided for estimating felling and skidding costs for a 60% residual stocking treatment, the current recommended silvicultural prescription for stands similar to the study area. North. J. Appl. For. 3:159-163, Dec. 1986.

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Hawkins, J. W., M. W. Lankester, R. A. Lautenschlager, and F. W. Bell. "Effects of alternative conifer release treatments on terrestrial gastropods in northwestern Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73091-1.

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Changes in terrestrial gastropod species richness and density in regenerating spruce plantations following application of four conifer release treatments including two chemical herbicides (Vision® [a.i. glyphosate] and Release® [a.i. triclopyr]), cutting by mechanical means (Silvana Selective/Ford Versatile), and motor-manual cutting with brush saws are discussed. Mean gastropod density increased to a maximum of 21 m−2 over the summer of 1993 (pre-treatment) when a total of 27,396 gastropods were collected but remained fairly stable at about 10 m−2 throughout the summer of 1994 (post-treatment) when only 20,199 were collected. This difference between years was not related to the conifer release treatments, since gastropod densities on both treated and control areas were lower in 1994. The decline in 1994 was probably due to decreased population size and detectability because of less rainfall. The lack of difference following treatments was attributed to rapid re-establishment of the herbaceous layer which probably continued to provide favourable conditions for snails and slugs.Gastropod density was higher in a nine-year-old regenerating spruce plantation (15.5 ± 1.3 m−2) than in a 70-year-old mixedwood forest (9.4 ± 0.6 m−2) and species richness was also slightly greater (20 spp. vs. 18 spp.) in the plantation. These differences were attributed to the more abundant near-ground vegetation and the greater amount of deciduous litter characterizing the regenerating plantation. Key words: clearcutting, terrestrial gastropods, snails, slugs, conifer release, Fallingsnow Ecosystem Project, herbicides, spruce plantations, vegetation

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Suarmawan, Putu Yudik, Gede Eka Harsanan Koriawan, and I. Nyoman Rediasa. "PEMBUATAN DEKORASI RUMAH PENGANTIN DI DWIKA DEKORASI DESA SELAT, BULELENG, BALI." Jurnal Pendidikan Seni Rupa Undiksha 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jjpsp.v12i3.52687.

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This article contains part of the thesis entitled "Making Bridal Home Decorations in Dwika Decorating Selat Village, Buleleng Bali" qualitative research with the objectives: (1) To describe the existence of bridal house decorations in Dwika Decorating Selat Village, Buleleng, Bali. (2) To find out the materials and tools used in making decorations at the gate of the bride's house (3) To understand and know the process of making decorations for the gate of the bridal house and (4) To find out the designs and motifs used in decorating the gates of the bridal house in Dwika Decorating Selat Village, Buleleng, Bali. The data was obtained through the stages of observation and interviews with the business owner of Deika Decor then the data was processed using the Sparadley model (1980) by analyzing the domain and taxonomy. , Bali . (2) the materials used are teak wood, coconut leaves (young, old, and dry), rope (bamboo rope, macrame rope), paint, wire, and nails, while for scissors, saws, knives (large and small) , pliers, tape measure, hammer, kacip (shooter blade and ordinary kacip), and brush. (3) Making decorations for the gate of the bride's house, namely the ordering process, making the frame, making hisan, and installing it. (4) designs and decorations are of two types, namely traditional and modern designs. Keywords: Decoration, Bridal House, Straits Village.

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Hsu, Wesley, Edward McCarthy, Ziya L. Gokaslan, and Jean-Paul Wolinsky. "Clear-Cell Chondrosarcoma of the Lumbar Spine: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Neurosurgery 68, no. 4 (April 1, 2011): E1160—E1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31820ccf90.

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Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Clear-cell chondrosarcoma is a rare subtype of chondrosarcoma. These osseous tumors are most commonly found in the end of long bones. We report a rare case of clear-cell chondrosarcoma of the osseous spine. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old man presented to another institution with a pathologic L1 compression fracture. Intraoperatively, this fracture was discovered to be secondary to a chondrosarcoma involving T12, L1, and L2. He was then referred to our institution for further evaluation and treatment. A 2-stage operation was performed with successful en bloc resection of residual chondrosarcoma with negative margins. The first stage using a posterior approach resulted in placement of pedicle screws from T9 to L4, laminectomies from T12 to L2, and placement of Tomita saws between the thecal sac and the vertebral body at both the T11-12 and L2-3 disc levels. The second stage of the procedure involved a transthoracic, retroperitoneal approach to the thoracolumbar spine. Osteotomies between T11-12 and L2-3 were completed, and the vertebral bodies of T12, L1, and L2 were delivered as an en bloc specimen. The final pathology of the specimen was clear-cell chondrosarcoma with negative margins. CONCLUSION: This report discusses a rare occurrence of clear-cell chondrosarcoma in the osseous spine. Aggressive surgical intervention with the goal of en bloc resection of tumor is recommended to promote tumor-free survival.

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Costa, Emylle Veloso Santos, Maria Fernanda Vieira Rocha, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein, Evelize Aparecida Amaral, Luana Maria dos Santos, Livia Elisabeth Vasconcellos de Siqueira Brandão, and Paulo Fernando Trugilho. "Influence of spectral acquisition technique and wood anisotropy on the statistics of predictive near infrared–based models for wood density." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 26, no. 2 (March 7, 2018): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967033518757070.

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Wood density is an important criterion for material classification, as it is directly related to quality of wood for structural use. Several studies have shown promising results for the estimation of wood density by near infrared spectroscopy. However, the optimal conditions for spectral acquisition need to be investigated in order to develop predictive models and to understand how anisotropy and surface roughness affect the statistics of predictive partial least square regression models. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the spectral acquisition technique, wood surface, and the surface quality influence the ability of partial least square–based models to estimate wood density. Near infrared spectra were recorded using an integrating sphere and fiber-optic probe on the tangential, radial, and transverse surfaces machined by circular and band saws in 278 wood specimens of six-year-old Eucalyptus hybrids. The basic density values determined by the conventional method were then correlated with near infrared spectra acquired using an integrating sphere and fiber-optic probe on the wood surfaces by means of partial least square regressions. The most promising models for predicting wood density were generated from near infrared spectra obtained from the transverse surface machined by the bandsaw, via an integrating sphere ([Formula: see text], RMSEP = 23 kg m−3 and RPD = 3.0) as well as for the optic fiber ([Formula: see text], RMSEP = 35 kg m−3 and RPD = 2.1). Surface quality affected the spectral information and robustness of predictive models with a rougher surface, caused by band sawing, showing better results.

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Sciubba, Daniel M., Ziya L. Gokaslan, James H. Black, Oliver Simmons, Ian Suk, Timothy F. Witham, Ali Bydon, and Jean-Paul Wolinsky. "5-Level Spondylectomy for En Bloc Resection of Thoracic Chordoma: Case Report." Operative Neurosurgery 69, suppl_2 (September 20, 2011): onsE248—onsE256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31822e81c0.

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Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Primary tumors of the spine are considered for en bloc resection to improve local control and even obtain cure. Anatomic restrictions often prohibit extensive resections with negative margins that are safe and feasible. We report the first case involving a patient with a large chordoma of the thoracic spine who underwent a successful 5-level spondylectomy with bilateral chest wall resection for en bloc resection without neurologic compromise. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 26-year-old woman with a chest mass was found to have a T1-5 chordoma via a percutaneous biopsy. En bloc resection of the mass was thought to be the best option for long-term local control and possible cure. She presented without neurologic or pulmonary dysfunction. The patient underwent a 3-stage procedure. The first stage involved a posterior C2-T8 exposure, allowing release of posterior elements from C7 to T6 and instrumented stabilization from C2 to T8. T1-5 ribs were cut bilaterally, and 2 wire saws were placed ventral to the thecal sac at the C7-T1 and T5-6 disc levels. The second stage involved a right-sided thoracotomy, and the T5-6 wire saw was used to complete the lower osteotomy. The third stage involved completion of the C7-T1 osteotomy with the wire saw, delivery of the tumor specimen en bloc, ventral reconstruction of the spine with a titanium mesh cage, and bilateral thoracoplasty. CONCLUSION This is the first case report of a 5-level spondylectomy for en bloc resection of an extensive thoracic chordoma via a bilateral thoractomy without neurologic compromise.

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Serfaty, Simon, Richard J. Barnet, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Frank J. Gaffney, Raymond L. Garthoff, William G. Hyland, Geoffrey Kemp, et al. "Symposium: Old Adversaries, New Ground." SAIS Review 8, no. 2 (1988): 1–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.1988.0060.

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Asmus, Ronald D. "West Germany: Old Questions Posed Anew?" SAIS Review 5, no. 1 (1985): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.1985.0030.

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Calleo, David P. "Introduction: Old France In New Europe?" SAIS Review 13, no. 3 (1993): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.1993.0033.

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Yanchenko, Volodymyr. "THE MUSEUM OF WOODEN INDUSTRY IN THE PARK ‘KYIVAN RUS’." City History, Culture, Society, no. 3 (October 30, 2017): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mics2019.03.136.

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The article is devoted to the created in the Park «Kievan Rus» Museum ofWooden Architecture. The reader can get acquainted with this unique phenomenonin the modern museum world as a project restoring ancient Kyiv («city of Vladimir») in 1: 1 scale.Modern experience supply objective information and historical reconstructions(individual subjects, objects, and even entire urban locations) includeproviding opportunities to experience the atmosphere and the specificsof Kievan Rus in all its fullness. The perfect opportunity to achieve this is areproduction of the image of the medieval city, but not on the monitors andmodels, but as in the original. Experience of the solution to the problem is amuseum complex in the open air - «Park Kievan Rus». Today we can confidentlyassert that the ambitious project of PKR to reproduce the ancientcapital grew to a powerful research center, which deals with a wide range ofproblems associated with medieval history, archaeology, and museology.The author presents the basic features of the museum complex areas - reconstructionand construction of fortifications and sacral buildings, housingand commercial complexes, street network planning and other constants medievalcity.One of the scientific and educational activities PKR is the creation ofmuseums on its territory. One of these new museums - the Museum of WoodenArchitecture. The museum is unique because it exhibits archaeological artifacts, reconstructed models of ancient structures housing, replicas of ancienttools of the carpenter.According to archeological data, the main types of woodworking toolsand their range took constant shape in the X - XI and remained unchangeduntil the XVIII century. The exhibition features tools that can be consideredreplicas of ancient counterparts, their identity is proven by archaeologicalartifacts. The basis of the comparative analysis underlying the developmentof V. Kharlamov. Among the exhibited things can be identified replica tesla,boats, planes, drills, saws, hammers and others.Archaeological studies in recent years finally convince us wide distributionin Old Kiev namely carcass type residential buildings. Therefore, thirdmainline presents the reconstruction ofsome ancient frame, frame layout design method vrubky «v oblo», layoutwindows and roof of the home.

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Sato, Momoko. "Old Actors Reconfigured: Crisis and Northeast Asia." SAIS Review of International Affairs 29, no. 2 (2009): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.0.0049.

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McCarthy, Patrick. "The Italian Communists: Internationalisms Old and New." SAIS Review 10, no. 1 (1990): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.1990.0064.

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Parker, Rosalie. "A New Russia with an Old Problem." SAIS Review 22, no. 2 (2002): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2002.0046.

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F. Recher, Harry. "Assuming Responsibility." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 3 (2009): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090150.

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When i was growing up in New York City during the 1940s, people (ordinary people anyway) assumed responsibility for their own actions. That was back when falling on an icy sidewalk meant being careless and not that the City had failed in its duty of care; when you could go fishing in the local park without first climbing a chain link fence designed to stop kids from falling into the water and their parents suing the County for negligence; or, when you could ride a bicycle without a helmet and there were see-saws in the park alongside slippery-dips higher than the shoulders of a five year old. I am sure it was the same in Australia. Maybe some of the changes in social attitudes and the proliferation of rules and regulations are good things. Maybe it is good to wear a helmet when riding a bike; it certainly makes sense to use the seat belt when driving in a car and maybe kids should not be allowed to risk life and limb sliding down a 2.5 metre high slippery-dip. What is not good is the increasing refusal to assume responsibility, to be litigious, and the growth of the Nanny State where individuals are denied responsibility for their own actions and we are all dumbed down by the expectation of authorities that we will all behave and respond like the least intelligent, least educated, most anti-social and most physically inept member of society. I find this trend to state control of my freedom to choose what I do, how I do it and when I do it frustrating and annoying; for example, I am not allowed to carry a pocket knife so I can eat an apple for lunch or open a bag of crisps because of an irrational fear of youth violence in Sydney and politicians needing to appear ?tough? on crime. But not wanting to assign or assume responsibility for individual actions has more serious implications; ones that impact significantly on the future of global biodiversity and human survival.

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Kim, Joongi. "Fears of Foreign Ownership: The Old Face of Economic Nationalism." SAIS Review of International Affairs 27, no. 2 (2007): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2007.0033.

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Schofield, Richard N. "Old Boundaries for a New State: The Creation of Iraq's Eastern Question." SAIS Review of International Affairs 26, no. 1 (2006): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2006.0022.

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Benkowski, James E. "Old Problems in New Posture Reviews? The Lessons of Flexible Response for Today." SAIS Review of International Affairs 39, no. 2 (2019): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2019.0017.

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Dorozynski, A. "Medecins Sans Frontieres: 20 years old." BMJ 303, no. 6817 (December 21, 1991): 1591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.303.6817.1591.

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Pavgi, Kedar. "Russia’s “New Tsar”: Putin’s Reign is a New Chapter in a Very Old Book." SAIS Review of International Affairs 35, no. 2 (2015): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2015.0018.

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Stinson, Callie. "International Military Cooperation and Water Security in the Sahel: A New Approach to Old Problems." SAIS Review of International Affairs 35, no. 1 (2015): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2015.0012.

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Cepon-Robins, Tara J., and Theresa E. Gildner. "Old friends meet a new foe." Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health 2020, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoaa037.

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Abstract The novel virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent a pathogen to which human beings have limited to no evolved immune response. The most severe symptoms are associated with overactive inflammatory immune responses, leading to a cytokine storm, tissue damage, and death, if not balanced and controlled. Hypotheses within Evolutionary Medicine, including the Hygiene/Old Friends Hypothesis, provide an important lens through which to understand and possibly control this overactive immune response. In this article, we explore the role that infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; i.e. intestinal parasitic worms) may play in dampening SARS-CoV-2 symptoms and mitigating the worst COVID-19 outcomes. Specifically, STHs stimulate the immunosuppressive and regulatory T-helper 2 (TH2) branch of the immune system, which decreases ACE2-receptor expression (i.e. receptors SARS-CoV-2 uses to infect host cells), balances the inflammatory TH1/TH17 branches of the immune system triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection, and reduces inflammation through the release of anti-inflammatory/regulatory cytokines. Because STHs are common and affect the most vulnerable and marginalized members of society, it is especially important to consider how these parasites may impact COVID-19 outcomes. Areas experiencing endemic STH infections are often characterized by a lack of preventative infrastructure and medical care, which may further exacerbate risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 development. For this reason, we also explore biocultural factors that contribute to disease outcomes for both SARS-CoV-2 and STH infections. Biocultural and Evolutionary Medicine perspectives on COVID-19 are crucial for understanding the global impact of the disease. Lay summary: An evolutionary perspective is required to understand the global impact and various presentations of COVID-19. We consider how coinfection with soil-transmitted helminths (common parasitic worms that coevolved with humans) may suppress inflammatory immune activity, thereby potentially reducing COVID-19 disease severity. Structural and lifestyle factors shaping coinfection patterns are also discussed.

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Mandavilli, Apoorva. "SARS epidemic unmasks age-old quarantine conundrum." Nature Medicine 9, no. 5 (May 2003): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0503-487.

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S. Baker, Vina. "ACYCLOVIR for SARS-CoV-2: An Old Drug with a New Therapeutic Purpose-An Observational Study." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 10, no. 02 (January 10, 2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/199.

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Background: Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved outpatient oral treatment for COVID-19 has been lacking. Currently approved antiviral treatment for hospitalized patients is remdesivir. Approved outpatient preventive treatment has been vaccination. Outpatient adjunct treatment has been intravenous monoclonal antibody (Ab) infusion which aids in the human body’s immune response to the invasion from SARS-CoV-2 virus. The latter requires multiple steps for completion and does not provide complete effective antiviral treatment to resolve viral burden (clinical observation). The world needs an effective, safe, inexpensive oral antiviral treatment for SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of SARS-CoV-2 exposed individuals ranging from asymptomatic to critical states of illness. We monitored 65 individuals residing in the United States of America (USA) from exposure and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 to recovery from viral burden. Individuals were evaluated for establishment of diagnosis of COVID-19, assessed for severity of illness, initiated individualized treatment regimen, and followed at intervals as needed until recovery or death. Laboratory studies included comprehensive metabolic panel, complete blood count, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, d-dimer, SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, serologic test for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. Imaging studies included chest radiography and CT of chest as needed. Progressive follow up care is ongoing. Results: 63 patients recovered from infection from SARS-CoV-2, one patient died due to multiple complications while inpatient. One patient was lost to follow up care. Initiation of acyclovir and adjunctive treatment as early as possible provided the best outcome in minimizing clinical symptoms and disease burden related to SARS-CoV-2 in patients ranging from asymptomatic to critical illness. Conclusions: Acyclovir, as the primary antiviral agent, is effective, safe, and inexpensive in decreasing initial and potential long-term impacts from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in humans. It has proved to be beneficial in preventing hospitalization for high-risk individuals with mild to critical illness.

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Igor, Klepikov. "COVID-19 Pandemic: The Causative Agent is New, the Problem is Old." Open Access Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences 6, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajprs-16000141.

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The development of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has not only significantly changed the usual routine of life, but also contributed to the spread of feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. Today, no one can hope for a quick recovery and a favorable outcome in the case of COVID-19, even in the most advanced health systems. On the contrary, many developed countries, such as the United States, Great Britain, France, Italy and others, with excellent medical resources by modern standards, are among the leaders in the list of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus infection. The main cause of the negative consequences of SARS-COV-2 is viral pneumonia, and it is quite natural that one of the main tasks facing medicine today is to find effective ways to treat COVID-19 pneumonia.

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Camell, Christina D., Matthew J. Yousefzadeh, Yi Zhu, Larissa G. P. Langhi Prata, Matthew A. Huggins, Mark Pierson, Lei Zhang, et al. "Senolytics reduce coronavirus-related mortality in old mice." Science 373, no. 6552 (June 8, 2021): eabe4832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe4832.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the pronounced vulnerability of the elderly and chronically ill to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–induced morbidity and mortality. Cellular senescence contributes to inflammation, multiple chronic diseases, and age-related dysfunction, but effects on responses to viral infection are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that senescent cells (SnCs) become hyper-inflammatory in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-1, increasing expression of viral entry proteins and reducing antiviral gene expression in non-SnCs through a paracrine mechanism. Old mice acutely infected with pathogens that included a SARS-CoV-2–related mouse β-coronavirus experienced increased senescence and inflammation, with nearly 100% mortality. Targeting SnCs by using senolytic drugs before or after pathogen exposure significantly reduced mortality, cellular senescence, and inflammatory markers and increased antiviral antibodies. Thus, reducing the SnC burden in diseased or aged individuals should enhance resilience and reduce mortality after viral infection, including that of SARS-CoV-2.

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Camell, Christina. "Senolytics Reduce Coronavirus-Related Mortality in Old Mice." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.951.

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Abstract The elderly and chronically ill are among groups at the highest risk for morbidity and mortality to several infections, including SARs-CoV-2. Cellular senescence contributes to inflammation, multiple chronic diseases, and age-related dysfunction, but effects on responses to viral infection are unclear. Old mice acutely infected with pathogens that included a SARS-CoV-2-related mouse β-coronavirus experienced increased senescence and inflammation with nearly 100% mortality. Targeting SCs using senolytic drugs before or after pathogen exposure significantly reduced mortality, cellular senescence, and inflammatory markers and increased anti-viral antibodies. Thus, reducing the SC burden in diseased or aged individuals should enhance resilience and reduce mortality following viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2.

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Le Corre, Nicole, Katia Abarca, Patricio Astudillo, Marcela Potin, Sofía López, Macarena Goldsack, Vania Valenzuela, et al. "Different Safety Pattern of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac®) According to Age Group in a Pediatric Population from 3 to 17 Years Old, in an Open-Label Study in Chile." Vaccines 11, no. 10 (September 26, 2023): 1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101526.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly established. This study describes the safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents between 3- and 17-years-old in a multicenter study in Chile with two vaccine doses in a 4-week interval. For all participants, immediate adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) were registered throughout the study. In the safety subgroup, AEs were recorded 28 days after each dose. COVID-19 surveillance was performed throughout the study. A total of 1139 individuals received the first and 1102 the second dose of CoronaVac®; 835 were in the safety subgroup. The first dose showed the highest number of AEs: up to 22.2% of participants reported any local and 17.1% systemic AE. AEs were more frequent in adolescents after the first dose, were transient, and mainly mild. Pain at the inoculation site was the most frequent AE for all ages. Fever was the most frequent systemic AE for 3–5 years old and headache in 6–17 years old. No SAEs or AESIs related to vaccination occurred. Most of the COVID-19 cases were mild and managed as outpatients. CoronaVac® was safe and well tolerated in children and adolescents, with different safety patterns according to age.

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Moore, Luke S. P. "Near-patient SARS-CoV-2 molecular platforms: new-old tools for new-old problems." Lancet Respiratory Medicine 8, no. 12 (December 2020): 1161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30451-3.

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Gidari, Anna, Samuele Sabbatini, Carlo Pallotto, Sabrina Bastianelli, Sara Pierucci, Chiara Busti, Elisabetta Schiaroli, and Daniela Francisci. "Nelfinavir: An Old Ally in the COVID-19 Fight?" Microorganisms 10, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122471.

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After almost three years of the pandemic, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading around the world, causing notable sanitary and social issues. New antiviral therapies are constantly under investigation. However, few options have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical trials are currently ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of nelfinavir on mild–moderate COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the activity of this compound on SARS-CoV-2 “Variants of Concern” (VOCs), comparing its effectiveness with the approved drugs remdesivir and molnupiravir. The experiments were conducted in a biosafety level 3 facility. In this study, we used a Vero-E6-cell-based infection assay to investigate the in vitro activity of nelfinavir, molnupiravir, and remdesivir. Four strains of SARS-CoV-2 were tested: 20A.EU1, B.1.1.7, P.1, and B.1.617.2. All compounds reached micromolar/submicromolar EC50, EC90, and EC99. Furthermore, the Cmax/EC50 and Cmax/EC90 ratios were >1 for all compounds and all variants tested. Our study demonstrated that nelfinavir, as molnupiravir, and remdesivir are effective in vitro on SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Drążkiewicz, Elżbieta, Nataliya Tchermalykh, Volodymyr Artiukh, Karolina Follis, Ilmari Käihkö, Olena Fedyuk, Emma Rimpiläinen, et al. "Forum: Russia's Invasion of Ukraine." Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 119–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/saas.2023.310209.

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It has been a year since the Russian invasion of Ukraine started. It is clear that the impact of this war goes far beyond Ukraine. We already know that it will have long-lasting consequences for the regional and global economy, in particular for energy and food security. The war is reshuffling old geo-political arrangements and alliances. It is also shaping the political landscapes of European states: international relations, inflation and migration are increasingly becoming key topics in national elections.

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Smith, Howard. "Aspirin-Inspired Analgesia: Old Drug, New Mechanism, Sans Cox?" Pain Physician 4;15, no. 4;8 (August 14, 2012): E359—E363. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/e359.

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Haddock, Elaine, Julie Callison, Stephanie N. Seifert, Atsushi Okumura, Tsing-Lee Tang-Huau, Shanna S. Leventhal, Matthew C. Lewis, et al. "Three-Week Old Pigs Are Not Susceptible to Productive Infection with SARS-COV-2." Microorganisms 10, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020407.

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As the COVID-19 pandemic moves into its third year, there remains a need for additional animal models better recapitulating severe COVID to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and develop countermeasures, especially treatment options. Pigs are known intermediate hosts for many viruses with zoonotic potential and are susceptible to infection with alpha, beta and delta genera of coronaviruses. Herein, we infected young (3 weeks of age) pigs with SARS-CoV-2 using a combination of respiratory and parenteral inoculation routes. Pigs did not develop clinical disease, nor macroscopic or microscopic pathologic lesions upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite occasional low levels of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA in the respiratory tract, subgenomic RNA and infectious virus were never found, and SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses were not detectable over the 13-day study period. We concluded that pigs are not susceptible to productive SARS-CoV-2 infection and do not serve as a SARS-CoV-2 reservoir for zoonotic transmission.

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Paraschakis, Antonios. "Tackling Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia with Memantine." Case Reports in Psychiatry 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/384783.

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We present a case of a 52-year-old male patient suffering from chronic schizophrenia stabilized on risperidone long-acting injection (37,5 mg/2 weeks) and biperiden 4 mg/day. Residual symptoms are affective flattening, alogia, avolition, and asociality. Memantine 10 mg/day was added. After 1.5 months, the patient spontaneously referred to “feel better being in company of my relatives.” The following scales have been completed: the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (96), the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (3), the Mini Mental Scale Examination (26), and the Calgary Depression for Schizophrenia Scale (2). Memantine was increased to 20 mg/day and biperiden was decreased to 2 mg/day. Two months later, apathy and asociality considerably improved and affective flattening, alogia, and attention slightly got better (SANS 76, SAPS 1, MMSE 26, and CDSS 1). After two more months, the improvement continued in the same domains (SANS: 70, SAPS: 1 MMSE: 27, and CDSS: 1). Positive symptoms remained in full remission. It has been hypothesized that one of the causes of schizophrenia is glutamate excitotoxicity. Memantine, a glutamate receptor antagonist, could possibly ameliorate schizophrenia symptoms, the negative ones among them, used as add-on therapy to atypical antipsychotics. Memantine could be of potential help in schizophrenia patients with severe residual negative symptoms.

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Ivanova, Tsvetomira, Yuliia Mariienko, Nikolay Mehterov, Maria Kazakova, Yordan Sbirkov, Krassimira Todorova, Soren Hayrabedyan, and Victoria Sarafian. "Autophagy and SARS-CoV-2-Old Players in New Games." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (April 23, 2023): 7734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097734.

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At present it is well-defined that autophagy is a fundamental process essential for cell life but its pro-viral and anti-viral role has been stated out with the COVID pandemic. However, viruses in turn have evolved diverse adaptive strategies to cope with autophagy driven host defense, either by blocking or hijacking the autophagy machinery for their own benefit. The mechanisms underlying autophagy modulation are presented in the current review which summarizes the accumulated knowledge on the crosstalk between autophagy and viral infections, with a particular emphasizes on SARS-CoV-2. The different types of autophagy related to infections and their molecular mechanisms are focused in the context of inflammation. In particular, SARS-CoV-2 entry, replication and disease pathogenesis are discussed. Models to study autophagy and to formulate novel treatment approaches and pharmacological modulation to fight COVID-19 are debated. The SARS-CoV-2—autophagy interplay is presented, revealing the complex dynamics and the molecular machinery of autophagy. The new molecular targets and strategies to treat COVID-19 effectively are envisaged. In conclusion, our finding underline the importance of development new treatment strategies and pharmacological modulation of autophagy to fight COVID-19.

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Gilbert, Gwendolyn L. "Commentary: SARS, MERS and COVID-19—new threats; old lessons." International Journal of Epidemiology 49, no. 3 (May 3, 2020): 726–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa061.

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Subbarao, Kanta. "SARS-CoV-2: A New Song Recalls an Old Melody." Cell Host & Microbe 27, no. 5 (May 2020): 692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.019.

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Diotallevi, Federico, Anna Campanati, Giulia Radi, Michele M. Luchetti, Devis Benfaremo, Corrado Tagliati, Oriana Simonetti, and Annamaria Offidani. "Hydroxychloroquine, dermatology, and SARS‐CoV‐2: Updating an old association." Journal of Medical Virology 93, no. 1 (July 28, 2020): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26322.

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Trofin, Felicia, Cătălina Luncă, Diana Păduraru, Dana-Teodora Anton-Păduraru, Elena Roxana Buzilă, Eduard Vasile Nastase, Ancuta Lupu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, and Olivia Simona Dorneanu. "SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Children under 5 Years Old—A Regional Seroepidemiological Study." Medicina 60, no. 3 (February 24, 2024): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030384.

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Background and Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection; the study was motivated by parental hesitancy regarding child vaccination, and the potential passive immunity of infants acquired through breastfeeding from mothers vaccinated against COVID-19 or infected with SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: We quantified the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer in the serum of 743 children under 5 years old, hospitalized between 1 August 2022, and 15 September 2023. Results: Among the participants, 52.76% had an anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer that exceeded the reactivity threshold of the kit used, with an average of 1558.01 U/mL across the entire group. By age-specific categories, SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence was 43.04% for 0–12 months, 42.22% for 12–24 months, 61.67% for 24–36 months, 65.17% for 36–48 months, and 68.55% for 48–59 months. Gender analysis revealed 55.32% male participants, with a 52.07% seropositivity rate. Notably, IgG titer correlated positively with the child’s age. Gender, admission diagnosis, and emergency department presentation were not variation factors of the IgG titer. Conclusions: The majority of children in the study group demonstrated IgG against SARS-CoV-2, and this rate increased with the child’s age. Also, the IgG titer increased with the child’s age.

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Khan, Samahir Tariq, Sajjad Ali, and Nisha Lohana. "Convalescent Plasma Therapy and its Century-Old Untapped Potential for COVID-19." SciMedicine Journal 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2020-0204-6.

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Background: The COVID-19 virus, in terms of pathogenesis and disease spectrum, resembles its predecessor viral strains which caused outbreaks of SARS and MERs. Due to unavailability of approved treatment protocols, healthcare workers initiated treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma therapy. Objective: To appraise similarities between the three Coronaviruses and deduce the effectiveness of CP therapy based on exploration of its efficacy in the SARS and MERS outbreaks. Analysis: A narrative review of case reports, randomised controlled trials and meta-analysis studies, on use of CP therapy in SARs and MERS, was conducted. Studies evaluated for the purpose of this review were added through search engines of PubMed Central and Google Scholar. Results: We concluded that CP therapy had been able to play pivotal roles in treating critically-ill SARS and MERS patients. The risks of unintended immunological responses among other factors, hindering CP Therapy’s approval from drug administration authorities, were weighed against favourable chanisms, such as hypercoagulability, that support its use in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Findings collected from these studies steered our path to theorize the possibility of reducing mortality with convalescent plasma therapy and support our rallying efforts for enlisting this in the official treatment protocol of COVID-19. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2020-0204-6 Full Text: PDF

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Pleszkó, Apollónia, Annamária Pauleczki, Ignác Óvári, József Óvári, and Péter Hauser. "Isolated Hallucination as a Consequence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a 10-year-old Child." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 27, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13591045211061805.

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Spectrum of childhood symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-2) infection is widening. In contrast to adulthood, where psychiatric disorders caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection are widely known, recognition of such cases in childhood is still quite rare. Recurrent isolated hallucinations caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the absence of other neuropsychiatric symptoms are not yet described in this age group. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed as a cause of recurrent isolated hallucinations in a 10-year-old child, which have most likely disappeared as a consequence of corticosteroid treatment. SARS-CoV-2 infection should also be considered in case of an otherwise healthy child with emerging psychiatric symptoms, which may be cured by corticosteroids.

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Balykova, L. A., I. V. Boynova, V. N. Ignatyev, and O. I. Ignatieva. "Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in a five-year-old child." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 67, no. 4 (September 21, 2022): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-4-86-92.

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A new coronavirus infection (COVID-19, Corona Virus Disease 2019) is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presenting as both a mild acute respiratory viral infection and a severe form, with damage to various organs and systems. In children under 16 years of age infected with SARS-CoV-2, the vast majority of cases were mild, without marked neurological manifestations.This paper describes a case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a five-year-old child associated with SARS-CoV-2, which caused difficulties in the differential diagnosis with demyelinating diseases and hereditary pathology. The disease was diagnosed in a family where both parentswere diagnosedwith COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The CNSlesionwasrepresented by severe central hemiparesis, involvement of some cranial nerves, with impaired pelvic organ function. During the treatment there was a positive dynamicsin the somatic and neurologicalstatus. The patient was discharged for outpatient treatment with satisfactory rehabilitation potential.SARS-CoV-2 lesions of the nervous system in children can lead to life-threatening and fatal conditions. Timely diagnosis and a comprehensive approach to the management of a child with encephalomyelitis made it possible to avoid adverse effects of the disease and improve the rehabilitation prognosis.

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Zeuschner, Philip, Urban Sester, Michael Stöckle, Matthias Saar, Ilias Zompolas, Nasrin El-Bandar, Lutz Liefeldt, et al. "Should We Perform Old-For-Old Kidney Transplantation during the COVID-19 Pandemic? The Risk for Post-Operative Intensive Stay." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 12, 2020): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061835.

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Health care systems worldwide have been facing major challenges since the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Kidney transplantation (KT) has been tremendously affected due to limited personal protective equipment (PPE) and intensive care unit (ICU) capacities. To provide valid information on risk factors for ICU admission in a high-risk cohort of old kidney recipients from old donors in the Eurotransplant Senior Program (ESP), we retrospectively conducted a bi-centric analysis. Overall, 17 (16.2%) patients out of 105 KTs were admitted to the ICU. They had a lower BMI, and both coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertensive nephropathy were more frequent. A risk model combining BMI, CAD and hypertensive nephropathy gained a sensitivity of 94.1% and a negative predictive value of 97.8%, rendering it a valuable search test, but with low specificity (51.1%). ICU admission also proved to be an excellent parameter identifying patients at risk for short patient and graft survivals. Patients admitted to the ICU had shorter patient (1-year 57% vs. 90%) and graft (5-year 49% vs. 77%) survival. To conclude, potential kidney recipients with a low BMI, CAD and hypertensive nephropathy should only be transplanted in the ESP in times of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic if the local health situation can provide sufficient ICU capacities.

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Melekhina, E. V., S. V. Nikolaeva, T. Yu Zybina, V. I. Barykin, D. V. Novikov, J. B. Ponezheva, V. A. Mirzonov, and A. V. Gorelov. "CASE OF SARS-COV-2-ASSOCIATED MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN AN 8-YEAR-OLD CHILD." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 99, no. 6 (December 14, 2020): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2020-99-6-253-258.

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After the first wave of new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, when it became obvious that children carry COVID-19 in a milder form than adults, scientists and doctors around the world faced with a severe delayed form of the disease – SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), characteristic for children and young adults under 21. In this publication authors present the first case of SARS-CoV-2-associated MIS of moderate severity in an 8-year-old girl diagnosed in Khimki Regional Hospital. Disease course had characteristic features, however, considering minimal data available at the time of the child's treatment in the hospital (May 2020) in the literature, and lack of clinical experience in diagnosing and treating such condition, the differential diagnosis was performed with acute respiratory disease, infectious mononucleosis and acute glomerulonephritis.

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Ravi Krishnegowda, Avinash Hanbe Rajanna, Bhargav V Bhat, and Yamini Marimuthu. "To compare COVID-19 disease in elderly (young old and elderly-old) in a tertiary care center." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i9.44883.

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Background: SARS‐Cov‐2 is a coronavirus that caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) disease outbreak in late 2019 in Wuhan China. By early 2020, the disease had rapidly spread across the world and was declared a global pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The mechanisms behind the behavior of SARS-cov-2 in the elderly include immunosenescence and related impaired antiviral immunity, mature immunity, and related hyper-inflammatory responses. We aim to summarize the clinical features and outcomes of elderly COVID-19 patients and compare the difference between young-old patients (60–74 years old) and elderly-old patients (≥75 years old). Aims and Objective: (1) The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and biochemical profile of young-old patients and elderly-old COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 389 patients, during the study period from March 2021 to September 2021. Case record form with follow-up chart was used to record the duration of disease, history of treatment, and complications. Patients underwent biochemical investigations. Results: The study includes 389 patients, 331 were not young-old and 58 were elderly-old. Mean age of young-old group 65.01±4.10 years and elderly-old group 80.74±5.35 years. Mortality in elderly-old group (29.3%) and young-old group (15.4%) with significant P=0.02. Comparing inflammatory markers such as total leucocyte count and neutrophil count are more in elderly-old than young-old COVID-19 patients, this difference is statistically significant P<0.005. Conclusion: Elderly patients usually have chronic comorbidities and are likely to have a severe or critically severe condition. They could show atypical symptoms. Elderly-old patients tend to have more complications than young-old patients during hospitalization. Careful nursing, observation, and systemic treatment are very important in elderly patients.

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Wronowski, M., W. Woźniak, M. Wanke-Rytt, K. Jażdzewski, E. Kuchar, M. Kloc, and J. Z. Kubiak. "Orchiepididymitis in a 14-year-old boy with concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection." South African Journal of Child Health 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajch.2021.v15i4.1869.

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The symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 provoked by this virus are poorly described in children. Here we analyse a case of orchiepididymitis associated with COVID-19 in a 14-year-old boy. We discuss the possibility of SARS-CoV-2-associated testicular inflammation. This report strengthens the necessity for more in-depth study of the clinical presentation of paediatric COVID-19 and the potential association with non-respiratory symptoms

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Mallapaty, Smriti. "Decades-old SARS virus infection triggers potent response to COVID vaccines." Nature 596, no. 7873 (August 18, 2021): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02260-9.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Old saws'

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