Academic literature on the topic 'Oil-treated fibrous air filters'
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Journal articles on the topic "Oil-treated fibrous air filters"
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Maddineni, Ajay Kumar, Dipayan Das, and Ravi Mohan Damodaran. "Oil-treated pleated fibrous air filters for motor vehicle engine intake application." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 2-3 (May 23, 2019): 702–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019850379.
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In this work, oil-treated pleated fibrous air filters were developed, characterized, and evaluated for motorcycle engine intake application. The effect of pleat geometry on the filtration performance was examined. Pleat pitch and pleat height were found to play important roles in determining the filtration efficiency, pressure drop, and dust holding capacity. A pleated fibrous filter prepared with optimum levels of pleat pitch and pleat height showed the best filtration performance. The treatment to the pleated filter by viscous oil yielded remarkably higher dust holding capacity and filtration efficiency, both at cleaned and clogged conditions. A statistical analysis revealed that the weight of oil played a significant role in deciding the filtration performance. The oil-treated pleated filter was installed in a commercial air intake system and its filtration performance was assessed. The filter element displayed a significant delay in evolution of pressure drop during dust loading as compared to the untreated one. However, the difference in filtration efficiency between the oil-treated and untreated filter elements was not found to be too high. Nevertheless, both of them met the standard filtration performance as per the best practices followed by the automotive industry. Overall, the oil treatment to cellulosic filters was found to be highly advantageous for motorcycle application. Practical implications of such air filter system were discussed in terms of service life, fuel consumption, and CO2 emission during filter life time.
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Abd Ali, Safaa Abd Zaid, Aurélie Joubert, and Yves Andrès. "Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Zinc Pyrithione against Airborne Fungi and Bacteria Growth Collected onto New and Loaded HVAC Fibrous Filters." Processes 9, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9091528.
Full textAbstract:
Microbial growth onto HVAC filters was observed in real conditions with possible degradation of the indoor air quality. The filtration performance of marketed antimicrobial filters containing zinc pyrithione was tested under laboratory conditions and compared to that of similar filters with the same classification, F7 (EN779:2002). The filtration performance of the two tested filters during loading with PM10 particles was quantified in an experimental setup with filter pressure drop measurement and particle counting upstream and downstream of the filters. The microbial growth on the new and loaded filters, both contaminated with a microbial airborne consortium composed of two bacteria (Gram-positive and -negative) and fungi, was quantified by colony-forming units after conditioning the filters for a few days under controlled temperature (25 °C) and humidity (50% or 90% relative humidity). The results reveal that there was no degradation of the filtration performance of the filters treated with the antimicrobial agent. The efficiency of the antimicrobial treatment, i.e., the ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms during the incubation period, was significant with the new filters regarding the fungal growth, but the results demonstrate that the antimicrobial treatment became inefficient with the loaded filters.
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Wadchasit, Pornwimon, Wipawee Khamwichit, and Wipada Sanongraj. "The Synthesis of Air Filters from Silk Cocoons Coated TiO2 for Use in Air Purifier." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.281.
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The purpose of this research was to synthesize and form fibroin silk air filter (SF filter) coated and non-coated with titanium dioxide. For use in indoor air pollution treatment. The main air pollutant to be treated is PM2.5. However, VOC removal also investigaed in this study. The synthesis involved degumming process using 0.5 wt % Na2CO3 at 90°C for 60 minutes. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) used in the study was a catalyst Tipaque brand (code A-220 (Anatase)). Results from studying on physical property by scanning electron microscope found that silk fibre was an ununiformly arrangement structure. SF filter coated with TiO2 showed that TiO2 distributed uniformly on the filter. The silk fibroin filters were brought to analyze for the energy band gap in order to find the energy value that the catalyst was needed to stimuate reaction in the photocatalytic process. It was found that TiO2 1-7.5 %(w/v) catalyst coated on the silk fibroin filters had the highest value of light absorption at 390 nanometers, which agreed with the value of energy level in the band gap period of 3.18 eV.The results from efficiency studies of SF filters in the treatment of indoor air pollution (generated from incense fume of 0-2 micron in size) indicated that the best treatment efficiency was 99.76%. In which SF filter non-coated with TiO2 was used, and initial PM2.5 concentration was 5 mg/m3, air flow rate was 3.93 m3/min. Treatment period was 8 hours.
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Sadikin, Aziatul Niza, N. Othman, and Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi. "Effect of Pre-Treatment of Lignocellulosic Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Chitosan-Filled Filter Media." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.210.
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The newly developed non-woven filter media are composed of randomly oriented fibrous fibers from empty fruit bunch fibers. The wet lay-up method was adopted for filter media fabrication. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pre-treatment of lignocellulosic fibers on the mechanical properties of fibrous filter media. The study also aims to examine the effect of chitosan application as binder on the tensile strength of fibrous filter media from treated and untreated fibers. The fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide solution, diethyl ether, ethanol and hot water. The pre-treatment enhance the fibrous filter media properties, while filter media from untreated empty fruit bunch fibers showed lower mechanical properties. The changes in mechanical properties followed the order: alkali-treated > diethyl ether > ethanol > hot water > untreated empty fruit bunch fibers.
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Caruso, JA, and PM Stemmer. "Petroleum coke exposure leads to altered secretome profiles in human lung models." Human & Experimental Toxicology 37, no. 11 (March 26, 2018): 1215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327118765326.
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Petroleum coke (PC) is a coal-like product that is produced during the refinement of crude oil and bituminous sand. Fugitive dust from open storage of PC in urban areas is a potential human health concern. Animal inhalation studies suggest that PC leads to an adverse pulmonary histopathology, including areas of fibrosis and chronic inflammation; however, little is known about its impact on human health. In order to identify biomarkers and cellular pathways that are associated with exposure, we performed two-dimensional liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric analyses on secreted proteins from two human lung culture models. A total of 2795 proteins were identified and relatively quantified from an immortalized cell line and 2406 proteins from primary cultures that were either mock treated or exposed to particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5–10 μm PC or filtered urban air particulates for 16 h. Pathway analysis on secretomes from primary lung cultures indicated that PC exposure suppressed the secretion of proteins involved in the organization of the extracellular matrix and epithelial differentiation. Because these cellular processes could facilitate fibrosis, we performed chronic 12-day exposure studies on three-dimensional human lung cultures consisting of epithelia and stromal fibroblasts. Relative to mock-treated cells, matrix metallopeptidase 9 levels in the conditioned media were lower by 4 days postexposure and remained suppressed for the duration of the experiment. Immunocytochemical staining of collagen III, a marker associated with fibrosis, showed increased accumulation in the epithelial layer and at the air–liquid interface.
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Pruul, Reet, Lars Nyland, Kimmo Peltonen, Marja Sorsa, and Toomas Veidebaum. "Environmental Genotoxicity in an Estonian Oil Shale Industrial Area." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 24, no. 3 (June 1996): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299602400317.
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The genotoxicity of environmental samples (ambient air, drinking and river waters, purified waste water and oil shale ash) from an oil shale mining and processing area was studied by using the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and YG1021 were used, with and without metabolic activation with rat liver homogenate S9. The water samples were treated with amberlite adsorbent XAD-2 for concentrating non-polar compounds. The air samples were collected on glass fibre filters by using a high volume air sampler, and extracted with dichloromethane by using a Soxhlet apparatus. The air samples were mutagenic in both strains, both with and without S9-mix. The air mutagenicity data were compared with data from similar tests on cigarette smoke condensate as a positive control. Based on the fact that the average 8-hour respiratory volume at occupational activities is between 10m3 and 20m3, the load of airborne mutagenicity at the cokery plant during one week was estimated to be equal to the mutagenicity produced by the mainstream smoke of one cigarette. The drinking and river water samples were tested with both strains, but no dose-related increases in water counts per plate were noted. The oil shale ash sample showed no mutagenic activity, but showed cytotoxicity at the higher doses tested.
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Mirskaya, Ekaterina, and Igor E. Agranovski. "Control of Airborne Microorganisms by Essential Oils Released by VaxiPod." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111418.
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Currently, due to the global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, new procedures and devices for effective disinfection of indoor air are of obvious interest. Various studies demonstrated quite broad ranges of the efficiency of essential oils in the control of biological aerosols. This project reports the results of investigation of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils natural for Australia (tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon myrtle) distributed by newly developed VaxiPod device for various scenarios, including bacterial, viral and fungal inactivation on various surfaces and in aerosol form. It was found that the device was capable of operating continuously over 24-h periods, providing sufficient aerosol concentration to efficiently inactivate microorganisms both on the surface and in airborne form. Twenty-four to forty-eight hours were required to achieve inactivation above 90% of most of the tested microbes on solid surfaces (stainless steel discs and agar plates), whilst similar efficiency of inactivation on fibrous filter surface as well as in aerosol form was achieved over 30–60 min of the process run. The results look very promising for further development of bioaerosol inactivating procedures and technologies for air quality control applications.
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S. Hameed, Anaheed, and Mohammed N. Abbas. "TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF PRODUCED WATER FROM OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION: A REVIEW." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, Special (September 20, 2021): 3–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.conf.2.3.13.
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Exploration and production of oil and gas are two operations that have the ability to damage and polluted the environment. The most significant waste created by these operations is produced water. Since the produced water includes toxic pollutants in both organic and inorganic compounds, produced water from oil and gas extraction cannot be discharged directly into the environment. Uncontrolled discharge can cause damage to the environment, including the loss of marine and plant life. Until being discharged into the environment, the produced water must be treated to meet the quality requirements. This article reviewed the sources, characteristics, and extent of pollution caused by oil and gas producing water, as well as different technologies for treating or disposing it. Physical (absorption, membrane filtration etc.), chemical (oxidation and sedimentation) and biological processes can all be used to treat the produced water (activated sludge, biological air filters etc.) Because no single technology can satisfy the acceptable effluent properties, two or more treatment systems can be used in a sequential process.
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Rosowski, James R., Mark A. Gouthro, Denton Belk, and Kit W. Lee. "SEM of shell-free cysts of the brine shrimp artemia franciscana (anostraca) in the process of hatching." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 922–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100140981.
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Air-dried, shell-free cysts of brine shrimp occasionally are used in aquaculture as a food substitute for live nauplii hatched from shelled cysts. Imbibed embryos of shell-free cysts are surrounded by an embryonic cuticle 1 (ECl) composed of an outer and inner cuticular membrane with a fibrous layer in between. Such imbibed embryos, when never air dried but used immediately or dehydrated and stored in a hypertonic salt solution, retain high viability. Although the hatching stages of shelled cysts have been documented with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), no SEM study has examined the hatching of nauplii from cysts without shells, which was the purpose of the present study.Great Salt Lake shelled cysts (Sanders Brine Shrimp Company, Ogden, Utah, U.S.A.) were treated with a mixture of bleach and sodium hydroxide to dissolve their shells. After washing in tap water, the shellfree cysts were placed in a Petri dish on a filter paper that had been saturated with a salt solution consisting of 28 g NaCl plus 6 g of NaHCO3 / liter, for 15 hr at 28° C in a lighted incubator.
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Ning, Jie, Hairong Du, Yaling Zhang, Qingping Liu, Tao Jiang, Yaxian Pang, Xiaochen Tian, Liqun Yan, Yujie Niu, and Rong Zhang. "N6-Methyladenosine Modification of CDH1 mRNA Promotes PM2.5-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Mediating Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition." Toxicological Sciences 185, no. 2 (November 4, 2021): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfab133.
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Abstract The association between ambient airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and respiratory diseases has been investigated in epidemiological studies. To explore the potential mechanism of PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, 60 mice were divided into 3 groups to expose to different levels of PM2.5 for 8 and 16 weeks: filtered air, unfiltered air, and concentrated PM2.5 air, respectively. BEAS-2B cells were treated with 0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml PM2.5 for 24 h. The biomarkers of pulmonary fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, and metabolism of mRNAs were detected to characterize the effect of PM2.5 exposure. The results illustrated that PM2.5 exposure induced pathological alteration and pulmonary fibrosis in mice. The expression of E-cadherin was decreased whereas vimentin and N-cadherin expression were increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner after PM2.5 exposure. Mechanistically, PM2.5 exposure increased the levels of METTL3-mediated m6A modification of CDH1 mRNA. As a target gene of miR-494-3p, YTHDF2 was upregulated by miR-494-3p down-regulation and then recognized m6A-modified CDH1 mRNA to inhibit the E-cad expression, consequently induced the EMT progression after PM2.5 exposure. Our study indicated that PM2.5 exposure triggered EMT progression to promote the pulmonary fibrosis via miR-494-3p/YTHDF2 recognized and METTL3 mediated m6A modification.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oil-treated fibrous air filters"
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Maddineni, Ajay Kumar. "Particle filtration behaviour of oil-treated fibrous air filters for automotive engine intake application." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2018. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/8030.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Oil-treated fibrous air filters"
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Mathews, Tanya Ann, and Berna Hascakir. "Reinjection of Produced Water with High Salinity After Applying a Novel Treatment Method." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210206-ms.
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Abstract This study investigates a novel method to reduce TDS in produced water to enable safe and effective reuse in hydraulic fracturing. In particular, we test whether evaporative technology can effectively separate dissolved solids from high-TDS wastewater produced in abundance in oil fields. Experiments were conducted with distilled water (E1) and produced water (E2), among which the distilled water experiment served as a control experiment for comparison purposes. Produced water (PW) samples were taken from the Southern Midland Permian Basin. An evaporative air cooler was used for the experiments. We replaced the cellulose filters in the air cooler with Pozzolan filters as the latter is resistant to corrosion and can be easily regenerated. The filter was wet continuously by the water sample stored in the reserve tank of the evaporative cooling unit. Each experiment was run for 4 hours. To determine the system’s cooling efficiency, we measured inlet and outlet ambient temperatures, wet-bulb temperatures, dew point temperatures, and relative humidity every hour using a temperature humidity meter. In addition, the water samples were characterized before and after each experiment by measuring total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, particle size, and zeta potential. Our experiments showed that E1 had a cooling efficiency of 21% while E2 had 16% in the laboratory environment, which does not have continuous airflow in and out like on the wellheads in an oilfield. Hence, we expect higher efficiencies in an oilfield. The reduction in cooling efficiency from E1 to E2 is primarily attributed to the precipitation of the suspended solids on the filter. Therefore, we recommend removing suspended solids from the water before filtering it through the evaporative cooling unit. In addition, we observed that the amount of water treated through the process was slightly less for E2 (35% of the initial volume) than E1 (40% of the initial volume). We believe this treatment efficiency can increase further if the experiments are conducted on the wellhead rather than in a laboratory. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in particle size and an increase in zeta potential in the reserve water post-experiment. In other words, the TDS was mainly eliminated and remained in the untreated water body, while the treated water contained significantly less amount of TDS with higher stability. We prove that evaporative cooling is a novel method for low-cost TDS reduction. As a result, it can be instrumental in solving the decade-long problem of large volumes of high TDS wastewater produced during hydraulic fracturing, particularly in the Permian Basin.