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Journal articles on the topic 'Oil-structure interaction'
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1
Amini, Azin, Maziar Mahzari, Erik Bollaert, and Anton Schleiss. "FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION ANALYSIS APPLIED TO OIL CONTAINMENT BOOMS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (2005): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-585.
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ABSTRACT The most important aspect of the ongoing research project is to develop numerical coupled hydraulic-structural analysis models of oil containment booms. This should be later applicable for investigation of the efficiency limits of a new system of oil spill containment booms called Cavalli system. This system consists of surrounding the oil slick with a special boom and protecting it against waves and currents. It provides the possibility to divide the encircled area in several smaller circles and to increase the thickness of the oil slick inside. The whole system consists of a two-phase fluid (oil and water) and a boom that should be structurally stable for the pressure loads imposed by the fluids. It is finally important to evaluate the behaviour of the flexible skirt under different wave and current conditions, as almost all of existing research in the field have been undertaken for rigid barriers. To assess the behaviour of a flexible barrier fluid-structure interaction analysis is to be conducted. The problem is considered as a fluid-structure interaction problem as the boom usually undergoes large deformations and rotations, which modifies the flow characteristics during operation that is not the case for a rigid boom.
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Chen, Jie, Neng Xi, Jia Jun Yang, and Mei Ling Zhao. "Squeeze Oil-Film Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis by the Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.446.
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The squeeze oil-film dampers have been applied to damp out vibration in linear guideway systems of CNC machine tools. An accurate estimate of squeeze oil-film damping effects is significant to predict the dynamic performance of rolling guidance systems. This paper presents a finite element method to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem of squeeze oil-film dampers. Three-node Mindlin plate element is used in the structure domain model. The oil-film behavior is provided by the Reynolds equation of lubrication theory. Both the structural domain and fluid domains are discretized by finite element method. The frequency response functions of coupled systems are derived by considering the oil-film pressures and the structure displacements on the boundary as the coupling conditions. The validity of the frequency response functions is verified by a simple example. It shows that the oil-film thickness has significant influence on the frequency response.
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Pivovarova, Nadezhda Anatolievna. "Characteristics of molecular interaction in oil dispersed systems." Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety 2023, no. 2 (2023): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2023-2-23-33.
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Oil, gas condensates, oil products present a complex colloidal-dispersed system which often demonstrates the abnormally changing properties when external conditions change. Mixing the petroleum products can be accompanied by a non-linear behavior accompanied by synergistic and antagonistic effects. Understanding of the oil and oil products as oil dispersed systems, the specific features of intermolecular interaction largely clarify their behavior, changes in properties, chemistry and mechanism of reactions occurring in them. Petroleum systems are polydisperse, in which the components can coexist in different aggregate states, and the size of the dispersed phase can vary over a wide range. They consist of diverse compounds that differ in properties, structure, shapes and sizes of molecules. Due to the variety of components that make up oil disperse systems the intermolecular interactions determine such a feature of the behavior of oil systems as the phenomenon of self-organization and structuring, which manifest themselves when external influences change and are sensitive to them. They are characterized by the absence of charge and a minimum of charge-polarization interactions of molecules, and intermolecular interactions are largely determined by the presence of paramagnetic molecules. The uncompensated spin of macromolecular compounds due to the steric obstacles, a homolytic dissociation, and the presence of microelement compounds ensure the paramagnetism of petroleum dispersed systems. This leads to developing the stable associative combinations and the formation of complex structural units capable of redistributing components and layers between phases under the influence of external effects. Comprehensive analysis and unanimity of views on the physical and chemical interactions of the components of oil systems leading to a change in their structure, open up fundamentally new opportunities for intensifying processes in the practice of production, transportation and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials and the use of petroleum products, and also allow predicting the behavior of oil systems in processes which they are participating.
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Fuglem, Mark, Ian Jordaan, and Greg Crocker. "Iceberg – structure interaction probabilities for design." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 1 (1996): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-024.
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When designing systems to operate in regions through which icebergs travel, one of the first inputs of interest is the expected numbers of encounters with icebergs. In this paper, geometric solutions are presented for a cylindrical gravity-based structure, a floating production vessel, and a cargo vessel. The required inputs are the average areal density of icebergs, the average iceberg water line length, and the average iceberg drift velocity. Example calculations are presented for the Grand Banks region off Canada's east coast. Key words: iceberg, encounter, probability, risk, design, oil, production, Grand Banks, structure, tanker.
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Guimarães, Murilo Menck, Camila Silveira Souza, Maria Rosângela Sigrist, Karina Back Militão Miliato, and Fabiano Rodrigo da Maia. "Assessment of interactions between oil flowers and floral visitors in world biomes." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 134, no. 2 (2021): 366–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blab078.
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Abstract Specialized glands that produce and store floral oil are found in 11 families of flowering plants, with greater representation in Malpighiaceae. Solitary bees use this resource to feed larvae and for cell lining. Oil interactions have been reported mainly at the population level and in some community studies that have commonly ignored not only the fewer representative families of oil-offering flowers, but also the floral visitors that do not collect floral oil. We have compiled and examined the interactions between oil-offering flowers and floral visitors in world biomes, to describe the structural patterns of the oil interaction meta-network and evaluate the species' functional roles. We reviewed 169 studies, which mainly used a phytocentric approach, reporting 1460 interactions between 214 species of oil-offering flowers and 377 species of floral visitors. Malpighiaceae and bees (mainly oil-collecting bees) were the most frequently investigated. The meta-network of oil interactions showed a modular structure, mainly influenced by botanical families, and core–periphery organization. The most important functional roles were associated with Malpighiaceae and oil-collecting bees, possibly due to their representativeness and geographic distribution.
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Yue, Hong Yuan, Jian Yun Chen, and Qiang Xu. "Dynamic analysis of 1100 kV composite bushing considering oil and structure interaction effects." MATEC Web of Conferences 272 (2019): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927201011.
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The 1100 kV composite bushing is one of the most important components in the ultra-high voltage electrical network. Therefore, the safety and integrity must be ensured during the operation under any conditions such as an earthquake. The primary object of this paper is to investigate the effects of oil in the dome on the dynamic responses of the 1100 kV composite bushing when subjected to horizontal seismic ground motion. The coupled finite element method (FEM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is adopted to simulate the fluid structure interaction (FSI) between the oil and the dome. The influences of particle’s distributions on the numerical results and computational efficiencies are discussed. For comparison with the coupled FEM/SPH method, the additional mass model is also performed. The influences of oil oscillation on the time history of absolute acceleration of 1100 kV composite bushing are discussed, as well as the relative displacement and the bending moment at the base of the structure. The results show that the motion of oil in the dome with free surface can limit the vibration of the 1100 kV composite bushing and can efficiently dissipate the kinetic energy of the 1100 kV composite bushing by fluid-structure interaction.
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Adeeb M and Sunil Shaw. "Frankincense essential oil extraction and lead compound analysis into cancer cells using molecular docking." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 1080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1939.
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Oil was extracted from Frankincense (Boswellia Sacra) by the soxhlet extraction method and various bioactive compounds were identified using gas chromatography (GC).These compounds can be developed as active pharmacophores.The present study involves the extraction and identification of bioactive compounds and their in-vitro study on the interaction of these compounds to target proteins. Frankincense oil collected from Boswelia Sacra species was subjected to Soxhlet extraction using Hexane solvent and essential oil (EO) was separated using vacuum distillation. Chemical profiling of essential oil was done using GC-MS. Various biological databases like PubChem, Protein Data Bank and software like Argus Lab, Rasmol were used to retrieve and analyze the structural and molecular interactions of bioactive compounds from Frankincense oil with receptor proteins. The target protein structure was retrieved from Protein data bank ligand structures that were downloaded from Pubchem, which was visualized using Rasmol Software. Protein-ligand interaction was studied using Argus Lab software by docking simulations and various docking poses were analyzed.The energy values of docking conformations were analyzed for obtaining the best docking pose & score.
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Tahir, Muhammad, Rafael E. Hincapie, Calvin L. Gaol, Stefanie Säfken, and Leonhard Ganzer. "Flow Dynamics of Sulfate-Modified Water/Polymer Flooding in Micromodels with Modified Wettability." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 3239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093239.
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This work describes the flow behavior of the oil recovery obtained by the injection of sulfate-modified/low-salinity water in micromodels with different wettabilities. It provides a detailed microscopic visualization of the displacement taking place during modified water flooding at a pore-scale level, while evaluating the effect of wettability on oil recovery. A comprehensive workflow for the evaluation is proposed that includes fluid–fluid and rock–fluid interactions. The methods studied comprise flooding experiments with micromodels. Artificial and real structure water-wet micromodels are used to understand flow behavior and oil recovery. Subsequently, water-wet, complex-wet, and oil-wet micromodels help understand wettability and rock–fluid interaction. The effect of the sulfate content present in the brine is a key variable in this work. The results of micromodel experiments conducted in this work indicate that sulfate-modified water flooding performs better in mixed-wet/oil-wet (artificial structure) than in water-wet systems. This slightly differs from observations of core flood experiments, where oil-wet conditions provided better process efficiency. As an overall result, sulfate-modified water flooding recovered more oil than SSW injection in oil-wet and complex-wet systems compared to water-wet systems.
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Pivovarova, Nadezhda Anatolievna, and Anton Dmitrievich Tatzhikov. "Composition and structure of oil dispersed systems." Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety 2023, no. 4 (2023): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2023-4-14-27.
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Physico-chemical properties and behavior in the processes of extraction, transportation, processing, storage and use of petroleum products depend on the chemical, component and dispersed composition of oils, gas conden-sates, oil-like systems. For qualified management of these processes, it is necessary to understand the role of the composition and structure of oil dispersed systems (VAT). The classical descriptions of the structural elements of VAT are considered, their main varieties and types are given. It is shown how the size of a dispersed phase or a complex structural unit can change when external conditions change. Models of the structure of asphaltenes and resins, their composition and structure are given. A variety of approaches to the description of their structure and interaction with each other is shown, ranging from classical Ian-Mullins concepts to modern interpretations based on data from spectral analyses of nuclear magnetic and electron paramagnetic resonances (NMR and EPR) micrographs of a scanning electron microscope, computational computer programs. A hypothetical model of a complex structural unit formed by various groups of organic compounds from the standpoint of paired exchange interactions based on the paramagnetism of resinous-asphaltene molecules and compounds with a high carbon/hydrogen ratio is considered. Examples of the structure of complex polyheterophase oil dispersed systems containing particles of mechanical impurities, globules of water, bubbles of dissolved gases, demonstrating the multilevel structure of VAT, are given. Oil dispersed systems are, due to the extreme variety of compounds and impurities included in them, very complex objects, the study of the composition and structure of which is necessary for the qualified management of the processes of extraction, processing, transportation and storage of oil and petroleum products. Knowledge of the composition and structure of VAT, its dependence on external influences, on changes in conditions affecting it, the possibility of intensification of technological processes. The polyheterogenic composition and multilevel structure of VAT must be taken into account when determining the optimal effects on VAT in the processes of extraction, transportation, processing, storage of oil and the use of petroleum products. The chemical and component composition of VAT can be analyzed by known methods, including column chromatography, and the dispersed composition of dark petroleum products is determined by spectrophotometric method.
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Li, Zhi Xin, Shi Ming Ji, Xun Lv, Si Chang Xiong, Shen Shun Ying, and Yang Yu Wang. "Numerical Prediction of Manufacturing Error in Sliding Panel Structure." Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (March 2010): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.675.
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The present work focuses on the numerical prediction of the manufacture quality of a sliding panel structure, in which the mobile components are floating on the immobile components and the 0.002mm thickness oil-film clearance between the mobile and immobile components. The interaction between them is the interfacial coupling interaction. A single-point spring-damping supporting element is introduced to simulate this type of interaction traditionally, in which the torsion of the mobile components is increasing with the supporting element reduced. To analogy the interfacial coupling interaction, the finite centrality supporting method is introduced to study the thin oil-film effect between the mobile and immobile components. And the manufacturing quality is predicting through the numerical study. Compared with the results derived from the numerical and experiments, the manufacturing error is in accordance with each other.
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Li, Lei, Yun Yang Wan, Hong Mei Mu, Sheng Bao Shi, and Jian Fa Chen. "Interaction between Illite and a Pseudomonas stutzeri-Heavy Oil Biodegradation Complex." Microorganisms 11, no. 2 (2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020330.
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Illite is a widely distributed clay mineral with huge reserves in Earth’s crust, but its effect on heavy oil biodegradation is rarely reported. This study made an investigation of the interactions between illite and a Pseudomonas stutzeri-heavy oil complex (PstHO). Results showed that, although illite exerted a negative effect on P. stutzeri degrading heavy oil by inhibiting the biodegradation of 64 saturated hydrocarbons (SHs) and 50 aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs), it selectively stimulated the biodegradation of 45 AHs with a specific structure, and its biogenic kaolinization at room temperature (35 °C) and pressure (1 atm) was observed in PstHO for the first time. The finding points out for the first time that, in PstHO, illite may change the quasi-sequential of AHs biodegradation of heavy oil, as well as its kaolinization without clay intermediate.
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Rizali, Akhmad, Sri Karindah, Nur Ainy, et al. "Long-term changes as oil palm plantation age simplify the structure of host-parasitoid food webs." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (2023): e0292607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292607.
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Understanding host-parasitoid food webs, as well as the factors affecting species interactions, is important for developing pest management strategies in an agroecosystem. This research aimed to study how the long-term change in oil palm plantations, specifically the tree age, affect the structure of host-parasitoid food webs. The field research was conducted on an oil palm plantation located in Central Kalimantan and Jambi Province, Indonesia. In Central Kalimantan, we conducted observations of lepidopteran larvae and parasitoid wasps at different tree ages, ranging from 3 to 18 years old. For tree ages from 3 to 10 years, observations of host-parasitoid food webs were conducted by collecting the lepidopteran larvae using a hand-collection method in each oil palm tree within a hundred trees and they were later reared in the laboratory for observing the emerging parasitoids. The fogging method was applied for trees aged 12 to 18 years because the tree height was too high, and hand-collection was difficult to perform. To compare host-parasitoid food webs between different regions, we also conducted a hand-collection method in Jambi, but only for trees aged 3 years old. The food-web structure that was analyzed included the species number of lepidopteran larvae and parasitoid wasps, linkage density, and interaction diversity. We found 32 species of lepidopteran pests and 16 species of associated parasitoids in Central Kalimantan and 12 species of lepidopteran pests, and 11 species of parasitoids in Jambi. Based on the GLM analysis, tree age had a negative relationship with the species number of lepidopteran larvae and parasitoids as well as linkage density and interaction diversity. Different geographical regions showed different host-parasitoid food web structures, especially the species number of lepidopteran larvae and interaction diversity, which were higher in Central Kalimantan than in Jambi. However, some parasitoids can be found across different tree ages. For example, Fornicia sp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was recorded in all ages of oil palm sampled. Results of the GLM analysis showed that the abundance of Fornicia sp and its host (lepidopteran larvae abundance) were not affected by the tree age of the oil palm. In conclusion, the long-term change in oil palm plantations simplifies the structure of host-parasitoid food webs. This highlights the importance of long-term studies across geographical regions for a better understanding of the consequences that wide monoculture oil palm plantations have on biological control services.
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Yin, Yao, and Yiliang Liu. "FEM Analysis of Fluid-Structure Interaction in Thermal Heavy Oil Recovery Operations." Sustainability 7, no. 4 (2015): 4035–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su7044035.
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Senaro, Amalia Puteri, Widiyanto Widiyanto, and Sandra Sukmaning Adji. "Dampak Ekspansi Kelapa Sawit terhadap Perubahan Ekonomi dan Lingkungan." Journal of Management and Bussines (JOMB) 6, no. 2 (2024): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jomb.v6i2.8106.
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This research aims to analyze changes in the structure of community livelihoods and analyze losses from the impact of oil palm expansion on ecology. The research method used is qualitative research, using in-depth interview techniques, observation and documentation. The results of the research show that there is continuity of interaction between society and its economy, which is marked by changes in the structure of the community's livelihood which is now also developing the cultivation of oil palm plantations thereby improving the community's economy, while the sustainability of community interaction with the environment is still visible because the community's environmental ethics still shows an anthropocentristic view of environmental ethics. , The ethic of anthropocentrism causes a decrease in environmental quality and environmental damage in Pelawe Village and Tambangan Village, District. BTS Ulu Cecar, Musi Rawas District in the form of road damage, environmental pollution, land fires and decreased biodiversity. So it can be concluded that the impact of oil palm expansion has a positive impact on the economic dimension and still has a negative impact on the environmental dimension. Keywords : Economic, Environmental, Palm Oil Expansion, Human Interaction
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Gherman, Timea, Violeta Popescu, Rahela Carpa, et al. "Potential Use of Galium verum Essential Oil for Antibacterial Properties in Gelatin Based Hydrogels Prepared by Microwave Irradiation Technique." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 3 (2018): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.3.6152.
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Galium verum essential oil (EO) loaded gelatin hydrogel was prepared by microwave-assisted polymerization method. FT-IR analysis indicated no chemical interaction between the hydrogel matrix and EO. Good swelling behavior, increased thermo- and mechanical- properties was attributed to the synergistic effects of the secondary structure of gelatin after gelation and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between the hydrogel matrix and EO ingredient�s. Antibacterial activity was investigated by the agar diffusion method.
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Wang, Chanfei, Songtao Wu, Yue Shen, and Xiang Li. "Review on CO2–Brine Interaction in Oil and Gas Reservoirs." Energies 17, no. 16 (2024): 3926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17163926.
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Carbon neutrality has become a global common goal. CCUS, as one of the technologies to achieve carbon neutrality, has received widespread attention from academia and industry. After CO2 enters the formation, under the conditions of formation temperature and pressure, supercritical CO2, formation water, and rock components interact, which directly affects the oil and gas recovery and carbon sequestration efficiency. In this paper, the recent progress on CO2 water–rock interaction was reviewed from three aspects, including (i) the investigation methods of CO2 water–rock interaction; (ii) the variable changes of key minerals, pore structure, and physical properties; and (iii) the nomination of suitable reservoirs for CO2 geological sequestration. The review obtains the following three understandings: (1) Physical simulation and cross-time scale numerical simulation based on formation temperature and pressure conditions are important research methods for CO2 water–rock interaction. High-precision mineral-pore in situ comparison and physical property evolution evaluation are important development directions. (2) Sensitive minerals in CO2 water–rock interaction mainly include dolomite, calcite, anhydrite, feldspar, kaolinite, and chlorite. Due to the differences in simulated formation conditions or geological backgrounds, these minerals generally show the pattern of dissolution or precipitation or dissolution before precipitation. This differential evolution leads to complex changes in pore structure and physical properties. (3) To select the suitable reservoir for sequestration, it is necessary to confirm the sequestration potential of the reservoir and the later sequestration capacity, and then select the appropriate layer and well location to start CO2 injection. At the same time, these processes can be optimized by CO2 water–rock interaction research. This review aims to provide scientific guidance and technical support for shale oil recovery and carbon sequestration by introducing the mechanism of CO2 water–rock interaction, expounding the changes of key minerals, pore structure, and physical properties, and summarizing the sequestration scheme.
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Deng, Yu Lin, Yu Bian, and Fan Lei. "Seismic Response Analysis of Free Long-Span Submarine Flexible Pipelines under Earthquakes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1704.
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Submarine pipelines are described as the lifeblood of offshore oil and it is crucial to ensure the seismic safety of the submarine pipelines. Based on the fluid-structure interaction numerical analysis method and by using finite element software ADINA, the analysis models of the free long-span submarine flexible pipelines under earthquakes were established. By employing dynamic time-history method, the influences of fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines were researched. The results showed that the peak normal stress and the peak displacement of submarine pipelines’ mid-span considering the influences of the fluid-structure interaction are greater than those without considering the influences, and the influences of the fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines will increase with the increase of the submarine pipelines‘ diameter.
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장병춘 and 양동욱. "A Study on Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis of the Power-steering Oil Tank." Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology 18, no. 2 (2016): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17958/ksmt.18.2.201604.171.
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Tawakkal, Muhammad Iqbal, Damayanti Buchori, Akhmad Rizali, Adha Sari, and Pudjianto Pudjianto. "Parasitoid Diversity and Host-Parasitoid Interaction in Oil Palm Plantations with Different Management System." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 23, no. 1 (2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.31232.
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Parasitoids play an important role in controlling pests, including pests of oil palm. To maximize biological control technique using parasitoids, interactions between pests and parasitoids need to be studied. This research aimed to study parasitoid diversity and host-parasitoid interaction in oil palm plantation with the different management system. The field research was conducted in oil palm plantation own by smallholder and company (PT Humusindo) in Jambi. Sampling insects was conducted by collecting pests (parasitoid host) on oil palm trees with age of four years old. Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the pests were taken directly by hand then reared in the laboratory to know their parasitoids. Pests and parasitoids emerged were identified up to morphospecies or species level. A total of 176 lepidopteran pests consisting of 15 morphospecies and 6 families, and 650 parasitoids consisting of 21 morphospecies and 12 families have been collected. Nine morphospecies of pests from 25 individuals were found in smallholder plantation and 14 morphospecies of pests from 151 individuals in company plantation. Eight morphospecies of 26 parasitoids were found in smallholder plantations and 8 morphospecies of 624 parasitoids in the company plantation. The interaction structure between pests and parasitoids is more complex in the company plantation than in smallholder plantations. Family Braconidae and Ichneumonidae are the most parasitoids found and associated with nettle caterpillars. The different of the management system of oil palm plantation did not affect the diversity and abundance of pests as well as their parasitoids in oil palm plantations.
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Cherunova, I. V., E. V. Yakovleva, E. B. Stefanova, and I. V. Kurenova. "Investigation of industrial contamination of protective clothing at oil industry sector." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 3 (2018): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-346-351.
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The article presents the research results of the interaction of the protective clothes surface with polluting components of production facilities of the oil and oil refining industry. The development direction of an oil-resistant clothing segment is proved. The aggressive components of the production environment of the oil sector are substantiated with respect to the protective functions of special clothes. Oil and petroleum products lead to a change in the properties of textile materials. This depends on the concentration of aggressive components in the structure of textile materials. The research results of the interaction of petroleum products with a textile composition of a woven structure with protective properties are presented. Based on the study of 50 suits that have passed the operational cycle of one season, restrictions are established on the areas of the clothing surface of uneven protection. Clothing zones risk-affected loss of protective effect is established. The results of experimental studies of the concentration of petroleum products in textile materials after chemical purification based on the method of gas capillary chromatography are presented. It was found that the main component with a high concentration of pollutants is hydrocarbons from C14H30 Tetradecane to C36H74 Hexatriacontane. The average values of the concentration of hydrocarbons on the purified samples for the main parts of the clothing surface were established. Using the methods of acoustic emission, the experimental level of contact activity of the permeability of the liquid phase of crude oil in the structure of woven textiles at the boundary of media is established. The effect of the saturation of protective clothing by the petroleum fractions on its strength has been experimentally evaluated. The chemical compositions of the active phases were identified on the basis of experimental data. This is the contact materials of industrial pollution at oil refining facilities. Recommendations have been developed to improve the system of individual protection of man during interaction with a polluting environment taking into account chemically aggressive components.
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Pakharukov, Yuri V., Farid K. Shabiev, and Ruslan F. Safargaliev. "Formation of a nanostructured film at the “hydrocarbon — graphene nanofluid” interface." Tyumen State University Herald. Physical and Mathematical Modeling. Oil, Gas, Energy 9, no. 2 (2023): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7978-2023-9-2-23-38.
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The interaction mechanisms between graphene nanoparticles (GN) and oil molecules are crucial for successful oil recovery. More than a hundred studies appear in the press each year showing the effectiveness of using nanofluids based on graphene-like nanoparticles to enhance oil recovery in various reservoirs. Increased oil recovery with nanofluid injection is explained by changes in wettability, reduction of interfacial tension and changes in viscosity. Therefore, knowledge of the interaction mechanisms between graphene nanoparticles and hydrocarbons is an urgent task of modern science, both fundamental and applied. A comprehensive study of the interaction of graphene nanoparticles and hydrocarbons was carried out in order to understand the mechanisms that affect the formation of microheterophase state at the interface of hydrocarbons and graphene nanofluids (GNF). Using the methods of X-ray analysis it was found that the structure of the microheterophase state is a nanocrystalline film. The paper presents the results of the film formation at the “hydrocarbon — graphene nanofluid” interface. It was found that both slow and fast growth of nanostructured films could be observed under different modes of heat sinking from the interface. At fast heat sinking a slow growth of the film with the formation of fractal structures of Mandelbrot set type is observed. With slow heat dissipation, rapid film growth is observed with the formation of a continuous homogeneous structure which is not a fractal.
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Zhu, Xiyu, Yuzhu Jiang, and Guangyuan Weng. "Study of the Dynamic Reaction Mechanism of the Cable-Stayed Tube Bridge under Earthquake Action." Buildings 14, no. 7 (2024): 2209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14072209.
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In order to explore the failure mode of the cable-stayed pipe bridge under earthquake action, taking the structural system of an oil and gas pipeline–cable-stayed pipe bridge as the research object, the full-scale finite element calculation model of the cable-stayed pipe bridge–oil and gas pipeline structural system as well as the finite element calculation model considering the additional mass of the oil and gas medium and the fluid–structure interaction effect were established by using ANSYS Workbench finite element software. The stress and displacement of the cable under the earthquake action were analyzed in the time history, as were the response characteristics of the cable when subjected to both methods. The calculation results show that the overall failure of the pipeline is basically the same under the two methods. Compared with the additional mass method, the solution for the fluid–structure coupling method can be derived through a comprehensive analysis of the flow field and structure, respectively, avoiding the sudden change caused by model simplification or calculation error so that the analysis results can better simulate the actual situation. In summary, the fluid–structure interaction method enables a more precise prediction of the dynamic response of the structure, and the findings of this research can provide a theoretical foundation and technical guidance for optimizing the seismic performance of cable-stayed pipe bridges.
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Ahmad Rizal, Ammar Redza, Shahrina Md Nordin, and Rafidah Abd Rashid. "Adoption of Sustainability Practices by Smallholders: Examining Social Structure as Determinants." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 39, no. 2 (2023): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2023-3902-13.
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Global palm oil consumption, registering at 77 million metric tons annually, presents a significant ecological challenge. The importance of fostering sustainable production is paramount. Yet, issues of deforestation and other unsustainable practices cast doubt over this objective. Sustainable certification schemes such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) aim to improve sustainable practices among stakeholders, including smallholders. A low achievement rate of only 30% certified smallholders suggests impediments beyond financial constraints. This study investigates the impact of social structure, specifically communication elements like social interaction ties and shared identity, on smallholders’ adoption of sustainable certification—a viewpoint aligned with innovation diffusion theory. Employing a quantitative design and a questionnaire survey, data was collected from 300 independent smallholders and analyzed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings illuminate that communication through social interaction ties and shared identity significantly influences the adoption of sustainable-certified schemes by smallholders. This suggests that innovation diffusion within this sector is socially motivated, emphasizing the influential role of communication in facilitating adoption of sustainable practices among small farmers. This novel understanding offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in utilizing social dynamics to endorse sustainable practices within the palm oil industry. Keywords: Sustainable certification, communication, smallholders, innovation diffusion, social structure.
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Zhang, Zechao, Hongbo Liu, and Zhihua Chen. "Lateral Buckling Theory and Experimental Study on Pipe-in-Pipe Structure." Metals 9, no. 2 (2019): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9020185.
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With the increasing depth of marine oil and gas exploitation, more requirements have been proposed on the structure of deep-sea oil pipelines. The influencing factors of lateral buckling of a pipe-in-pipe (PIP) structure containing initial imperfections and its critical force were investigated in this study by conducting an experiment, a finite element analysis, and a theoretical derivation. The change laws on the influence of initial imperfections of the PIP structure during thermal loading were revealed through an experimental study by using imperfection amplitude and wavelength as parameters. Appropriate finite element models were established, and the influences of initial imperfections, pipe-soil interaction, and the height and the number of centralizers on the global buckling critical force of the PIP structure were analyzed. The formulas of global buckling critical force of inner and outer pipes and that under pipe-soil interaction was obtained by using a theoretical derivation method. A comparative verification with experimental and finite element (FE) models result was conducted, which provided a corresponding basis for steel pipeline design.
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Huang, Junhao, Jiacheng Li, Yuhong Feng, et al. "Investigation of modified sodium alginate-Alkyl glycoside interactions in aqueous solutions and at the oil–water interface." RSC Advances 6, no. 56 (2016): 51068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03650c.
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For CSAD/DGP solution systems, the conformations of complexes change differently with the increase in DGP concentration. For the emulsion system, CSAD–DGP interaction can develop a network structure on the oil–water interface.
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Senatore, Adolfo, Vincenzo D'Agostino, Vincenzo Petrone, Paolo Ciambelli, and Maria Sarno. "Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Effective Friction Modifier for Oil Lubricant: Materials, Methods, and Tribological Results." ISRN Tribology 2013 (February 25, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/425809.
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The tribological behaviour of graphene oxide nanosheets in mineral oil was investigated under a wide spectrum of conditions, from boundary and mixed lubrication to elastohydrodynamic regimes. A ball-on-disc setup tribometer has been used to verify the friction reduction due to nanosheets prepared by a modified Hummers method and dispersed in mineral oil. Their good friction and antiwear properties may possibly be attributed to their small structure and extremely thin laminated structure, which offer lower shear stress and prevent interaction between metal interfaces. Furthermore, the results clearly prove that graphene platelets in oil easily form protective film to prevent the direct contact between steel surfaces and, thereby, improve the frictional behaviour of the base oil. This evidence is also related to the frictional coefficient trend in boundary regime.
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Zhao, Lin, Michel C. Boufadel, Thomas King, Brian Robinson, and Kenneth Lee. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the formation of Oil Particle Aggregates (OPA)." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (2017): 1911–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.1911.
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Abstract (2017-187) Oil-particle interactions can result in oil particle aggregates (OPA), which move differently from oil droplets or particles alone. This may alter drastically the fate of oil. Laboratory studies were conducted using the EPA baffled flask and the resultant OPAs were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. 3D images of the OPA structure provided the evidence of a new theory of the oil-particle coagulation mechanism in turbulent flows. The experimental data was then used to validate the newly developed OPA model, A-DROP, that requires the input of particle and oil properties and the mixing intensity. A new parameter to account for the shape of the particles and the packing on the oil droplets, and a new conceptual formulation of oil-particle coagulation efficiency are introduced in the model to account for the overall behavior of the coated area on the droplet surface. The model was used to simulate the OPA formation in a typical nearshore environment. Modeling results indicate that the increase of particle concentration in the swash zone would speed up the oil–particle interaction process; but the oil amount trapped in OPAs did not correspond to the increase of particle concentration. The developed A-DROP model could become an important tool in understanding the natural removal of oil and developing oil spill countermeasures by means of oil–particle aggregation.
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Koivunen, Kimmo, and Patrick A. C. Gane. "PAPER INK INTERACTIONS .Impact of oil-binder interaction on pore structure in paper coatings as studied by internal reflectance. Part 2: Relation to structural expansion." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 4 (2012): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p765-773.
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Abstract In the case of ink setting on coated paper, s1gmficant decrease of accessible pore volume of the coating matrix can occur due to structural changes caused by swelling of latex hinder particles when contacted with the vehicle of oil-based ink. The impact of latex swelling, reduced network connectivity and the subsequent effects on the dynamic of spatial liquid distribution characteristics within the expanded pore network were examined by a recently established optical retlectance measurement procedure based on the refractive index differences between the coating components and the surrounding medium present in the interparticle pores. GCC model coatings with latex binders displaying differing swelling characteristics were exposed to liquid supersource imbibition without application of external pressure. Effects of both linseed oil and mineral oil on binder swe lling and consequent structural expansion were studied. lt is proposed that the linear retlectance behaviour in the saturated region is related to the mechanical restriction on expansion at the transition between the saturated and partially filling regions of the porous structure, and is consistent with an approximate catenary form in the macroscopic coating dimensional change as a function of depth. A conceptual structural change factor based on the change of retlectance in the saturated region is introduced, and is shown to correlate with the porosity loss values. The results suggest differences in the structural change factors in relation to the equilibrium oil uptake, coating porosity loss, and liquid propagation. The structural change factor also correlates the reflectance gradient within the coating thickness with regard to oil uptake with hinder content as the binder Ievel is increased.
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Li, Qifu, Linlin Mo, Feng Yan, and Chaofei Nie. "Study on the Effect of Nano Pour Point Depressant on Wax Oil Crystallization." E3S Web of Conferences 573 (2024): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457301010.
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The influence of nano pour point depressant (NPPD) on crude oil containing wax is primarily manifested through their interaction with the wax constituents. This study examines the depressant's effects using a polarizing microscope and an atomic force microscope (AFM) to assess morphological and structural changes in the wax crystals within the oil, both before and after the addtion of the NPPD. Additionally, a surface tensiometer measured surface tension, while a rheometer evaluated viscosity and modulus alterations. These methods facilitated insights into NPPD's mechanistic effects. The interaction process between crude oil wax crystal molecules and the main components of NPPD was simulated using JOCTA molecular dynamics simulation software, and the highest interaction strength between benzenesulfonic acid groups and crude oil wax crystal molecules was determined. The findings indicate that the addition of the NPPD alters the growth patterns and crystalline structure of the wax in the oil. Initially, the wax crystals present as flaky, predominantly single molecular layer lamellae with a thickness of approximately 100 nm. Post-treatment, the wax crystals adopt a flattened lamellar configuration, composed of multilayer lamellae, with a reduced thickness of within 10 nm and exhibiting short-range order. AFM height maps reveal an increase in the average roughness of the wax oil correlated with the addition of the NPPD across different sampling lengths. Surface tension measurements demonstrate that the wax oil doped with the NPPD exhibits lower surface tension than undoped oil, with the surface tension decreasing as the temperature increases.
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Fong, Kah Soon, and Airil Yasreen Mohd Yassin. "Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) of Damped Oil Conveying Pipeline System by Finite Element Method." MATEC Web of Conferences 111 (2017): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201711101005.
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Lin, Wei-Ting, Yuan-Chieh Wu, Chin-Cheng Huang, An Cheng, and Ta-Yuan Han. "Soil Structure Interaction Analysis of Diesel Oil Storage Tank in a Nuclear Power Plant." Advanced Science Letters 8, no. 1 (2012): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.2371.
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Belostotskiy, Alexandr M., Pavel A. Akimov, Irina N. Afanasyeva, Anton R. Usmanov, Sergey V. Scherbina, and Vladislav V. Vershinin. "Numerical Simulation of Oil Tank Behavior Under Seismic Excitation. Fluid – Structure Interaction Problem Solution." Procedia Engineering 111 (2015): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.064.
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Mori, Cláudia L. S. de Oliveira, Nathália Almeida dos Passos, Juliano Elvis Oliveira, et al. "Nanostructured Polylactic Acid/Candeia Essential Oil Mats Obtained by Electrospinning." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/439253.
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This work aims to evaluate the effect of inclusion of different contents of candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus) essential oil (whose alpha-bisabolol is the main terpene) on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) nanostructured mats and their relationship with fiber morphology and structure. The interaction occurring between the PLA and the candeia essential oil was confirmed by thermal and microscopy analysis. Addition of candeia essential oil increased nanofiber diameter and decreased the glass transition and melting temperatures of the nanofibers, suggesting lower energy input for processing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images provided evidence of a homogeneous structure for the nanostructured mats. X-ray diffraction did not show differences in the crystallization of the nanofibers. This ongoing research confirms the possibility of incorporation of candeia essential oil in the production of nanofibers that will be studied for multipurpose applications.
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Yang, Dubing, Yee-Ying Lee, Yuxia Lu, Yong Wang, and Zhen Zhang. "Internal Factors Affecting the Crystallization of the Lipid System: Triacylglycerol Structure, Composition, and Minor Components." Molecules 29, no. 8 (2024): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081847.
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The process of lipid crystallization influences the characteristics of lipid. By changing the chemical composition of the lipid system, the crystallization behavior could be controlled. This review elucidates the internal factors affecting lipid crystallization, including triacylglycerol (TAG) structure, TAG composition, and minor components. The influence of these factors on the TAG crystal polymorphic form, nanostructure, microstructure, and physical properties is discussed. The interplay of these factors collectively influences crystallization across various scales. Variations in fatty acid chain length, double bonds, and branching, along with their arrangement on the glycerol backbone, dictate molecular interactions within and between TAG molecules. High-melting-point TAG dominates crystallization, while liquid oil hinders the process but facilitates polymorphic transitions. Unique molecular interactions arise from specific TAG combinations, yielding molecular compounds with distinctive properties. Nanoscale crystallization is significantly impacted by liquid oil and minor components. The interaction between the TAG and minor components determines the influence of minor components on the crystallization process. In addition, future perspectives on better design and control of lipid crystallization are also presented.
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Smith, A. N., H. Babinsky, J. L. Fulker, and P. R. Ashill. "Normal shock wave-turbulent boundary-layer interactions in the presence of streamwise slots and grooves." Aeronautical Journal 106, no. 1063 (2002): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000092344.
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AbstractThe effect of streamwise slots and grooves on a normal shock wave-turbulent boundary-layer interaction has been investigated experimentally at a Mach number of 1.3. The surface pressure distribution for the controlled interaction in the presence of slots featured a distinct plateau. This was due to a change in shock structure from a typical unseparated normal shock wave-boundary-layer interaction to a large bifurcated lambda type shock pattern. Velocity measurements downstream of the slots revealed a strong spanwise variation of boundary-layer properties, whereas the modified shock structure was found to be relatively two-dimensional. Cross flow measurements indicate that slots introduce streamwise vortices into the flow. When applied to an aerofoil, streamwise slots have the potential to reduce wave drag while incurring only small viscous penalties. In the presence of grooves the interaction was initially found to be significantly different. A bifurcated shock structure was observed but the trailing leg appeared stronger and featured a second lambda foot. Oil flow visualisation also revealed differences in the interactions, with the region of suction and blowing being limited to a smaller extent of the grooved control surface. The amount of crossflow present was reduced compared to the slotted control surface. By varying the internal geometry of the grooves it was found that the interaction could be modified to be similar to that in the presence of slots indicating that a more practical control device can be designed.
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Fan, Ming, James McClure, Yanhui Han, Zhe Li, and Cheng Chen. "Interaction Between Proppant Compaction and Single-/Multiphase Flows in a Hydraulic Fracture." SPE Journal 23, no. 04 (2018): 1290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189985-pa.
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Summary Understanding proppant-transport and -deposition patterns in a hydraulic fracture is vital for effective and economical production of petroleum hydrocarbons. In this research, a numerical-modeling approach, combining the discrete-element method (DEM) with single-/multiphase lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulation, was adopted to advance understanding of the interaction between reservoir depletion, proppant-particle compaction, and single-/multiphase flows in a hydraulic fracture. DEM was used to simulate effective-stress increase and the resultant proppant-particle movement and rearrangement during the process of reservoir depletion caused by hydrocarbon production. Simulated pore structure of the proppant pack was extracted and used as boundary conditions in the LB simulation to calculate the time-dependent permeability of the proppant pack. We first validated the DEM-LB numerical work flow, and the simulated proppant-pack permeabilities as functions of effective stress were in good agreement with laboratory measurements. Furthermore, three proppant packs with the same average particle diameter but different diameter distributions were generated to study the role of proppant-size heterogeneity (variation in particle diameter). Specifically, we used the coefficient of variation (COV) of diameter, defined as the ratio of standard deviation of diameter to mean diameter, to characterize the heterogeneity of particle size. We obtained proppant-pack porosity, permeability, and fracture-width reduction (closure distance) as functions of effective stress. Under the same effective stress, a proppant pack with a higher diameter COV had lower porosity and permeability and larger fracture-width reduction. This was because the high diameter COV gave rise to a wider diameter distribution of proppant particles; smaller particles were compressed into the pore space between larger particles with increasing stress, leading to larger closure distance and lower porosity and permeability. With multiphase LB simulation, relative permeability curves were obtained, which are critical for larger-scale reservoir simulations under various effective stresses. The relative permeability of the oil phase was more sensitive to changes in geometry and stress, compared with the wetting phase. This was because the oil phase occupied larger pores; compaction of the proppant pack affected the structure of the pores, because the pores were farther from the grain contacts and thus more susceptible to collapse. It is also interesting to note that when effective stress increased continuously, oil relative permeability increased first and then decreased. This nonmonotonic behavior was the result of the nonmonotonic development of pore structure and oil connectivity under increasing stress.
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Elfaki, Mohamed, Mohammad Shakir Nasif, and Masdi Muhammad. "Effect of Changing Crude Oil Grade on Slug Characteristics and Flow Induced Mechanical Stresses in Pipes." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 5215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115215.
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Slug multiphase flow is known to be the most prevalent regime because of its extensive encounters associated with chaotic behaviour, complexity and instability that cause significant fluctuations in operating conditions and thus lead to undesirable effects. In this study, the effect of varying crude oil grades on slug characteristics is numerically investigated. A partitioned one-way coupling framework of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) one-way coupling framework is adopted to investigate the influence of changing oil grades and slug characteristics on the maximum induced stresses in horizontal carbon steel pipe. It was found that increasing crude oil density causes frequent slugging and promotes the formation of liquid slugs further upstream near the inlet with high translational velocity and short wavelength. Therefore, the maximum induced stresses resulting from the interaction between slugs and the inner surface of pipes are strongly dependent on crude oil grade. In modelling extra heavy crude oil, a 40% increase in maximum induced stresses is recorded when the liquid superficial velocity decreases from 1 to 0.86 m/s at a constant natural gas superficial velocity.
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Zhu, Xiyu, and Guangyuan Weng. "Study on Earthquake Failure Mechanism and Failure Mode of Cable-Stayed Pipeline Bridge Considering Fluid–Structure Coupling." Applied Sciences 13, no. 17 (2023): 9583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13179583.
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To investigate the failure mode of the cable-stayed pipeline bridge under seismic loading, this study focuses on an oil and gas cable-stayed pipeline bridge as the research subject. A full-scale finite element calculation model of the structural system is established using ANSYS Workbench 14.0 software, considering the stress characteristics and structural properties of the oil and gas pipeline. Additionally, a fluid–structure coupling effect finite element model is developed to account for the influence of medium within the pipeline. The analysis includes evaluating deformation, stress, strain, and other responses of the oil and gas pipeline subjected to seismic waves from different directions. The results indicate that the overall damage in the pipeline is consistent with maximum deformation, stress, and strain, concentrated at both the inlet/outlet ends and side spans; however, variations exist in terms of seismic damage depending on wave directionality. Furthermore, by considering interactions between various components within the oil and gas cable-stayed pipeline bridge’s structural system during strong earthquakes, this study analyzes failure mechanisms caused by the support–pipeline interaction as well as excessive displacement-induced failure patterns in bridge towers. Finally, a proposed failure mode for pipe bridge systems resulting from longitudinal slip between supports and pipelines, along with excessive displacement of bridge towers, is presented.
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Malozemov, A. V., and Sergey N. Kharlamov. "The Study of Flaws of High-Viscosity Fluids in Interaction with Peripheral Annular Water Flow in Complex Pipelines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 565 (June 2014): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.565.152.
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In this paper the structure is investigated of three-dimensional flows of rheological complex media (water-oil mixtures) in pipes and channels with long and short sections of constant and variable cross-sections. This is operating units of equipment for the oil and gas industry and power engineering. The steady and unsteady modes flows are modeling of oil-water environments in the internal systems. The ability analyzed of a low-viscosity two-phase structure of the movement to regroup in the peripheral region of the pipe wall with a higher shear stress. We study the pattern of change: coefficient of friction reducing its relatively high viscosity of the nucleus by forming a water ring, local hydrodynamic parameters for complex mixtures flow. The mechanisms are obtained of the influence of flow regimes on the phase boundary. Marked parts modeling of flow profile with immiscible phases within the system full equations of two-phase flow dynamics with allowance for the effects of interfacial interaction. The particular boundary conditions discussed for these flows. The reliability calculation estimated by comparison with the existing data of similar flows (for example, A.Wegmann and P.R. Rohr’s results).
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Kolvunen, Kimmo, and Patrick A. C. Gane. "PAPER INK INTERACTIONS. Impact of oil-binder interaction on pore structure in paper coating as studied by internal reflectance Part 1 : implications of pore volume loss for print drying." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 4 (2012): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p757-764.
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Abstract The absorption of liquid into a pore network structure depends on porosity, pore size distribution, surface free energy of the involved phases, and external pressure. In the case of ink setting on coated paper, significant decrease of accessible pore volume can take place due to swelling of latex binder particles when contacted with the vehicle of oil-based ink. The reduction in pore network connectivity can be detected by an optical retlectance measurement procedure based on the refractive index differences between the coating components and the surrounding medium present in the interparticle pores. In this study, GCC mode l coatings with latices displaying differing oil uptake and swelling characteristics were exposed to liquid supersource imbibition without external pressure. Effects of both linseed oil and minerat oil were studied. In the case of free liquid propagation, i.e. in coatings with low content of binders, a linearly increasing trend of logarithmic retlectance gradient in the coating thickness is observed as a function of time, indicating deceleration of the wetting front propagation in consequence of the establishment of the flow resistive viscous factors at long timescales, and the subsequent approach of the saturation point at the wetting front. In contrast, in the case of restricted propagation, due to high binder content of swelling Iatex particles, a deviation of the logarithmic retlectance gradient from the linear trend is observed as saturation is approached. However, the relationship between spatial logarithmic retlectance gradient and liquid uptake per unit cross-sectional porosity continues to follow linear trends irrespective of the binder if the porosity is corrected for the loss due to swelling, thus enabling the effect of the binder on the structure to be studied in isolation.
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Rio Prabowo, Aditya, Jung Min Sohn, and Teguh Putranto. "Crashworthiness performance of stiffened bottom tank structure subjected to impact loading conditions: Ship-rock interaction." Curved and Layered Structures 6, no. 1 (2019): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2019-0016.
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AbstractShipping time, cargo handling and quality as well as operational cost are main aspects of success in trading and shipping, which leads to high demand for ship safety. During freight shipping is conducted for various cargoes, the ship structure is subjected to numbers of loads, which several of them have been predicted during ship design. Nevertheless, incidental type in form of impact load can deliver massive blow to ship safety and cause immense loss. This phenomenon may be worse than initial condition if structure of chemical-oil carrier experiences impact, which possibly evokes environmental damage to maritime territory. This work is addressed to assess crashworthiness performance of structural part, i.e. bottom tank of chemical carrier. This part is one of center point of oil spill during occurrence of the impact load. The loading conditions are defined as configuration of interaction between ship structure and rock when the ship is stranded on shallow water. A series of data observations produced by finite element analysis (FEA) provide a prediction regarding local member’s motions during the rock breaches lower parts of the bottom tank. Consequences of the plate towards failure are quantified to obtain effect of the selected impact loading conditions to directly involved (main) member and other affected local member.
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Warne, M. St J., D. W. Connell, and D. W. Hawker. "The Ecotoxicology of Shale Oil Components to Marine Bacteria." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (1989): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0040.
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The toxicity of 32 shale oil components to a mixed marine bacterial culture and the mode of toxic joint action in mixtures of the components was assessed. The great bulk of shale oil (alkanes and alkenes) was of very low toxicity. The Pyridlnes were the most hazardous group of compounds tested. Based on differences in chemical structure It was not possible to predict the mode of joint action between compounds. The form of interaction in mixtures was both additive and synerglstlc. Thus the addition of the toxicity of Individual components of shale oil would greatly underestimate the oil's true toxicity.
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Sun, Kang, Wen Chen, and Jian Ping Tan. "Dynamic Characteristics Study on Hydraulic Impact of Cartridge Valve in High Pressure and Large Flow Depressurization Process." Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.350.
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Dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is applied to fluid-structure coupling simulation analysis of cartridge valve. Transient mechanical properties of cartridge valve and impact characteristics of interaction between hydraulic oil and valve spool in depressurization process were got. The result of study showed that the stability of depressurization process is related to the contacting time between valve spool and valve sleeve. The squeezing time of hydraulic oil is best not more than 0.01s. The peak impact time of hydraulic oil to valve spool in steady depressurization process is 140kN. And the maximum VonMises between valve spool and valve sleeve is 456MPa.
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Luo, Min, Ting Ting Xu, Ting Ting Zhao, Wen Xin Zhao, and Ju Bao Liu. "Dynamic Analysis of Rotary Drillstring in Horizontal Well Based on the Fluid-Structure Interaction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.146.
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With the development of drilling technology, rotary drillstring not only produces random multi-directional collisions with the inner wall of pipe, also couples with the inner and outer annular fluids. This results in a complex system of nonlinear fluid-structure interaction. In the paper, structure and mode of operation about rotary drillstring are considered, the equations of the structure dynamics, fluid equation of continuity and momentum equation are coupled. The three-dimensional numerical model and computational method is established about the fluidstructure interaction dynamic analysis of rotary drillstring. Take the rotary drillstring and inner and outer fluids as a research object, dynamic analysis of the rotary drillstring is finished, considering the fluid-structure coupled characteristics and compare the air medium, the results show the effect of fluidstructure interaction. It can provide the feasible method for the study of the string in the oil drilling and production engineering and conduct the development of drillstring dynamics in horizontal well drilling engineering.
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GUSEV, S. A., and A. S. TERENTYEV. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXISTING TECHNOLOGY OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION FROM OIL REFINING ENTERPRISES AND THE STRUCTURE OF INTERACTION OF PARTICIPANTS OF THE LOGISTICS SYSTEM." World of transport and technological machines 78, no. 3-5 (2022): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2022-5(78)-3-88-97.
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This article analyzes the existing technology for transporting goods from oil refineries, identifies problematic moments and risks of this technology, and proposes a set of measures to solve the identified problems in 2 areas: optimization of the existing technology for transporting goods from oil refineries, which consists in organizing container transportation of products road transport and improving the structure of interaction between participants in the system for the delivery of petroleum products to end consumers. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions was evaluated.
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Ying, Xu, Zhenjia Li, Liu Lijun, and Liu Xiaoyan. "Analysis of heat transfer characteristics of paraffin oil in oil tank based on the three-phase partition method." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2024): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci230729069y.
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The temperature drop process of waxy crude oil in an oil tank is an unsteady natural convection process involving multi-substance coupling, multi-heat transfer coupling, phase transformation, solid-liquid interaction, rheological change, fluid-solid coupling and turbulence, and the heat transfer process is highly complicated. According to the influence of the phase change process of waxy crude oil on the heat transfer process, based on the new three-phase partition method, the phase change heat transfer model of waxy crude oil in an oil tank was established, and the finite volume method was used to carry out the equation discretization and solution. Through numerical simulation, the evolution laws of the temperature field, flow field, and growth of the condensate layer during the cooling process of oil in the tank were analyzed. The results had theoretical guidance and significance for the scientific design of the oil tank's thermal insulation structure.
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Zheng, Jingyi, Lei Zhao, Junjie Yi, Linyan Zhou, and Shengbao Cai. "Chestnut Starch Nanocrystal Combined with Macadamia Protein Isolate to Stabilize Pickering Emulsions with Different Oils." Foods 11, no. 21 (2022): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11213320.
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This study investigated the formation and molecular interaction mechanism of chestnut starch nanocrystal (SNC)/macadamia protein isolate (MPI) complexes and their application in edible oil-in-water Pickering emulsion (PE). SNC/MPI complexes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and particle size analyzer. The PEs stabilized by SNC/MPI complexes were characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy and rheological measurement. The results showed that hydrogen bonds between the two particles significantly affected the secondary structure and assembly of SNC/MPI complexes at the oil/water interface. The optimal mass ratio of SNC to MPI in the complexes with the best stability was determined as 20:1. The formation of edible oil-in-water PEs stabilized by SNC/MPI complexes significantly improved the oxidative and storage stability of different edible oils (olive oil, walnut oil, edible tea oil, and macadamia oil). These different edible oil-in-water PEs stabilized by SNC/MPI could be used as effective carriers of quercetin with their loading rates higher than 93%.
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Zhang, Ai Hua. "Oil Extraction Engineering Data Query System Based on WEBGIS under the B/S Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1607.
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In this paper, firstly introducing the B/S structure and the WEBGIS technology, giving a brief understanding; then discussing the oil extraction engineering data query system which based on WEBGIS technology and B/S model; and after analyzing we find that: the oil extraction engineering data query system not only takes advantage of the convenience and flexibility of the Internet which is based on WEB, but also the application of the B/S technology has greatly strengthened its transaction processing and security, thus realizing the real business related WEBGIS, achieving high data sharing and interaction, it is more reasonable in oil extraction engineering nowadays.
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Hasanizadeh, Iman, Hamid Khoshdast, Mehdi Safari, Kaveh Asgari, and Ahmad Rahmanian. "Influence of Carbonated Pyrolysis Oil Recycled from Scrap Tires on Metallurgical Efficiency of Coal Flotation." Minerals 14, no. 8 (2024): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14080765.
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This research assesses the effect of carbonated pyrolysis oil (CPO) derived from scrap car tires on the metallurgical efficiency of coal flotation as a flotation additive. Using a statistical experimental design, the influence of various operational variables, including solid percent of feed pulp and dosages of reagents, i.e., CPO as an additive, diesel oil as a collector, and pine oil as a frother, on the ash content and yield of the final concentrate were investigated. Experimental data vary significantly based on operational conditions, ranging from 6.6% ash content with a 15% yield to 19.1% ash content with a 76.8% yield. The composition of the pyrolysis oil was identified by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of experimental results demonstrated that almost all variables had a substantial effect on the flotation responses, positive or negative, depending on the variable or variable interaction. It was discovered that the usage of CPO intensified the total yield and ash content of concentrate in a nonlinear fashion in a range of 15% and 4%, respectively. The results revealed a non-selective interaction effect between CPO and pine oil, as well as competitive adsorption between diesel oil and CPO, which contributed to the curved behavior of flotation measurements. The detrimental effect of CPO on the flotation response of the studied coal sample was also related to the interaction of the hydrophilic groups in the CPO structure and the oxide groups of ash material in coal particles. This work shows the potential of carbonated pyrolysis oil to enhance coal flotation performance and sheds light on the underlying mechanisms.
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Xu, Hanqi, Jinbo Wu, Yaying Hong, and Weijia Wen. "Impact of molecular chain structure of suspension phase on giant electrorheological performance." Smart Materials and Structures 31, no. 2 (2022): 025030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac4875.
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Abstract We demonstrate the impact of diester structure, in particular the alkyl chain length and branching structure, on the giant electrorheological (GER) effect and suspension stability. The existence of oil–particles interaction is of critical importance to induce the GER effect. To quantify GER performance and colloidal stability, we examine the yield stress, current density, field-off viscosity and sedimentation ratio with respect to the variation of chain length and branching structure. The oil–particles interaction is quantitatively analyzed by investigating the cluster size of particles in different diesters by a multiple light scattering analyzer, along with the wettability of different chain lengths of diesters and solid particles by the Washburn method. Our results indicate that long chain lengths favor the formation of particle agglomerates, thereby enhancing the GER effect (such as high yield stress). The attachment of branches on diester causes the formation of electronic correlation between branches and main chain, depending on the position of branches located, and hence results in superior GER performance and favorable suspension stability. An optimal GER fluid constituted by bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate is acquired with the achieved yield stress of 113 kPa at electric field strength of 4 kV mm−1 and the prominent integrated GER properties.