Academic literature on the topic 'Ogoni Masks'

Every society has its own norms, values and morals, which help them to structure their universe. Among the Ogoni indigenous people, the centrality of ii-ii wa (traditional marriage) as the nucleus of society is the under guiding factor for their comprehensive marriage rites. To the Ogoni indigenous people, marriage is a sacred institution, inextricably attached to the Ogoni traditional religion. It is a process rather than a discrete event that marks one’s transition from one stage of life to another; it involves rituals, negotiations, and transactions that stretch over years. It is a community practice within which the values of a community are shaped and preserved. However, the eventual contact with the western culture through colonialism, christianity, education and, with the subsequent upsurge of globalization, reflects the diffusion of modern orientations and ideologies. These values are not only being challenged but also eroded. Consequently, this onslaught brings into question the place of the Ogoni cultural values and marriage system amidst modernization. This study, therefore, centers on the organized system of the Ogoni traditional marriage forms in relation to specific underlying dimensions, attributes and categories. The study further distinguishes between Bia-k𝑒̅, biabe and the assumed Sira-culture that do not exist in Ogoni cultural practices. In analyzing the subject matter, the study adopts the descriptive research design, using the philosophical approach, with special reference to the structural functionalism and the diffusion of innovation theories. Through the research effort it was observed that the fortunes of marriage and family institutions are dwindling due to the emerging trends of individualism, loosed morality, materialism and intrusion of foreign ideas into marriage and family system in Ogoni. Hence, the need to respect, project and protect those core Ogoni traditional marriage values. Keywords: II-II-Wa (traditional marriage), family values, religion, social change

IntroduzioneSeymour Martin Lipset è indubbiamente uno dei maggiori scienziati sociali del ventesimo secolo, «che ha plasmato, forse più di ogni altro scienziato sociale contemporaneo, lo studio delle condizioni, dei valori e delle istituzioni della democrazia negli Stati Uniti e in tutto il mondo (Marks 1995, 765). I suoi contributi sia alla scienza politica che alla sociologia sono straordinari. È l'unico ad essere stato sia Presidente dell'American Political Science Association (1979-80), sia dell'American Sociological Association (1992-3). È stato anche Presidente o vice Presidente di molte altre associazioni professionali americane e internazionali, come la International Society of Political Psychology, la World Association for Public Opinion Research, e la Society for Comparative Research. Le sue attività in queste associazioni testimoniano l'ampio spettro degli interessi accademici di Lipset, che vanno dalla politica comparata alla stratificazione sociale. Lipset ha anche ricevuto molti riconoscimenti, come fellowships da prestigiose istituzioni accademiche (ad es. il Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences di Stanford), premi da associazioni professionali, e non meno di sette Ph. D. onorari.

Abstract Purpose: Our prior work has established that metastasis is initiated by PTHrP-driven mechanisms in PDAC. PTHLH (the gene encoding the PTHrP protein) is directly adjacent to and co-amplified along with KRAS, and this amplicon is a marker of squamous/quasi-mesenchymal/basal-like PDAC subtypes. Thus, PTHrP marks highly aggressive subsets of PDAC patients. We have generated KPCY-PthlhLoxP (herein KPCY-PthrpcKO) mice and observed a near doubling of overall survival relative to KPCY controls. Intriguingly, recent evidence has emerged for PTHrP’s role in cachexia-associated adipose tissue wasting and we posit that the dramatic survival extension in KPCY-PthrpcKO mice may be due to reduced cachexia. Results: In PDAC patients, PTHrP is co-amplified along with KRAS and correlates with significantly decreased overall survival. We generated KPCY-PthrpcKO mice and showed that they have reduced tumor burden and dramatically increased overall survival relative to KPCY controls. In parallel experiments, we treated mice with an anti-PTHrP neutralizing monoclonal antibody, which similarly reduced tumor growth and extended survival. Upon further analysis, we observed that the overall body condition of KPCY-PthrpcKO mice (and anti-PTHrP treated KPCY mice) was greatly improved, with less loss of adipose and muscle tissue. Mechanistic studies revealed that tumor cell-derived PTHrP signaling to adipocytes in white adipose tissue depots mediates cachexia. Specifically, we found that adipose tissue wasting and lipolysis were greatly reduced upon deletion or pharmacological inhibition of PTHrP. In the same vein, we uncovered that PTHrP is driving an adipocyte “browning” process, a phenomenon where energy-storing white adipocytes transdifferentiate into an energy-expending brown adipocyte-like state (often referred to as “beige” adipocytes). Preliminary results indicate direct tumor cell-adipocyte crosstalk with tumor cell secreted PTHrP binding to its cognate receptor, PTH1R, on adipocytes and activating a thermogenic (heat generating) gene program, likely through a PTH1R-PKA-CREB1 signaling axis. We additionally found that muscle wasting was reduced in KPCY-PthrpcKO mice and anti-PTHrP neutralizing antibody treated KPCY mice. Thus, genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of PTHrP in vivo led to a profound reduction in cachexia-related adipose tissue wasting and muscle atrophy. Re-introduction of PTHrP into a PDAC cell line with low cachexia-inducing potential (and low baseline PTHrP) dramatically increased the degree of cachexia observed upon orthotopic implantation. Additionally, mice implanted with PTHrP overexpressing tumor cells had a reduction in overall survival along with decreased overall body condition. Therefore, PTHrP is both necessary and sufficient to induce cachexia. Conclusions: This work has demonstrated the importance of the previously unappreciated roles of PTHrP signaling in driving pancreatic cancer cachexia and adipose tissue browning, and future studies will look to translate anti-PTHrP therapy into clinical trials. Citation Format: Yamini Ogoti, Jessica Peura, Calvin Johnson, Ekaterina Korobkina, Maximilian Wengyn, Robert J. Norgard, Richard Kremer, David A. Guertin, Jason R. Pitarresi. Pancreatic cancer cachexia is mediated by tumor-derived PTHrP [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Pancreatic Cancer; 2023 Sep 27-30; Boston, Massachusetts. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(2 Suppl):Abstract nr PR09.

Abstract The dialogue was published in 1668 as the final item in an anthology of sacred Latin pieces (Sacri Concerti) selected by Marino Silvani and printed by Giacomo Monti in Bologna. The anthology also featured works by Monferrato, Cavalli, Rovetta, and Pietro Ziani from Venice, Cazzati, Cossoni, and Filippuzzi from Bologna, Trabatone from Varese, and Oratio Tarditi from Faenza. The twelve items were clearly intended for use in the liturgy: Cavalli’s ‘O bone Jesu’ was advertised in the index as suitable for use in the Mass (‘Del Santissimo’), Tarditi’s ‘Spargite flores’ for use on a feast of the Virgin Mary (‘Della B.V.’), and Colonna’s ‘Adstabat coram’ for use at all sea sons (‘per ogni tempo’).