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Burton, Frank R. "Trade-offs in system of systems acquisition." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7686/.
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Large organisations tend to have multiple organisational goals. Example goals for organisations that perform search and rescue might be being able to search large areas quickly, and to provide, for the speedy recovery of survivors. To satisfy these goals, organisations will acquire different resources such as new systems, training programmes, infrastructure and processes. These different resources when combined to meet the same organisational goals, can be considered as a System of Systems (SoS). Organisational goals can be satisfied by completely different resource combinations with each resource combination satisfying the individual goals to varying degrees and with different overall costs. Since organisations only have limited resources available to them, there is an incentive for organisations to find the most efficient resource combinations to satisfy their goals. This can be considered as performing trade-offs in SoS acquisition. There are several open research gaps in performing trade-offs in SoS acquisition. The first is that the resources involved are heterogeneous. How do you compare the benefits of new equipment against new training programmes or organisational structures? The second is the multi-objective nature of the problem with the different organisational goals competing for the same limited budget. The third is managing the problem through-life and maintaining the satisfaction of organisational goals as old system retire and new systems come into service. This thesis presents a model-based technique (with prototype tool support) that combines techniques from the fields of through life capability management, goal modelling, search-based software engineering and model-driven engineering. This technique addresses the three problems stated above allowing decision makers to more efficiently consider the trade-offs involved when performing SoS acquisition. The technique has been evaluated on a realistic case study and on a standard problem found in the field of search-based software engineering.
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Straka, Michal. "Využití fotovoltaických systémů v Off-grid aplikacích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219396.
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This masters thesis deals with the use of off-grid photovoltaic systems. First we explain the problems associated with the power and energy potential of photovoltaic system components, design of photovoltaic systems for autonomous operation and the financial evaluation. The result of the masters thesis is to create an application used to design the island system in the whole output range (the smallest power systems to house systems application). The conclusion of the masters thesis is devoted to designing three type of projects from our application – a garden cottage, a family cottage and the house.
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Brown, Quincy Lee Frank Salvucci Dario. "Mobile intelligent tutoring system : moving intelligent tutoring systems off the desktop /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3114.
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El, Zein Musadag. "Off-grid Wind Power Systems: Planning and Decision Making." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396057.
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There are definitely many reasons for choosing off-grid wind power systems. Few key ones involve the positive enhancement of societies, economies and natural environments. From a project developers’ perspective these systems provide a large potential market, which can cover a wide range of applications with relatively reasonable costs. In spite of this, many challenges may interfere with the diffusion and the success of such systems. In the report we discuss the various factors affecting the implementation of off-grid wind power systems and demonstrate some of the challenges project developers may be facing during the planning stage. Some of these include the acceptance of stakeholders (local inhabitants in particular) and the securing of the financing of the projects. Another noted challenge lying outside the control of project developers was found to be the absence of encouraging policies and incentives. As a conclusion the thesis provides a set of self-interpreted recommendations along with a flow chart. The concluded summary indicates some key factors that project developers should be aware of and careful when dealing with, these which include: The choice of the site, verification of projects’ economics along with the securing of a convenient finance. The recommendations also point out the great advantage in having local developers as these tend to be more capable in building relations with the local citizens and politicians.
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Irvall, Per. "Obstacle Avoidance System (OAS)." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-106251.
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The goal of the Master thesis was to construct an obstacle avoidance system. It was the intention that this system can be used as part of a bigger project performed at the lab. The system was implemented and tested for a Pioneer 2DX mobile robot in the lab environment. The positioning of the robot was done with an external ultrasound system provided by the lab. The Digiclops 3D camera from Gray Point research was used for main vision sensor. The code was written in C and implemented in Windows environment. The obstacle avoidance system contains image processing, map building, and control. For control, the Vector Field Histogram theory was studied and implemented. Fixed Decomposition was used to describe the surrounding world. The OAS system was tested for 6 different sets of obstacle environments: a single obstacle, a gate, multiple obstacles, mobile obstacles, a corridor, and a maze. Each set were designed to test the limits of the system. All tests were recorded on video, the position data and the map were saved. In all obstacle sets, the system proved successful. There was no risk for collision and the efficient path planning created a smooth path to the goal.
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Havránek, Miroslav. "Větrná elektrárna grid-off, princip, účinnost, návratnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220157.
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This Master´s thesis deals with problematics of wind powered generators and their use in off-grid systems. In its first chapters aspects of wind as a power source are analyzed. Further on the thesis focuses on individual components of the off-grid systems. Also designing procedures of these systems are presented in the paper. The key parts of the thesis are 3 off-grid wind power system designs, which can be used to power a family house, and their energetical and economical evaluation.
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Lin, Hong. "Performance of back-off algorithms." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28130.
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A well known defect of the standard exponential back-off algorithm used in IEEE 802.11 is its short-term unfairness between users. A user will have high throughput shortly after a successful transmitting but the user will have a low throughput temporarily after backing off again and again because of multiple collisions. This variation of short-term throughput induces unacceptable delay variation for the users that have real-time service demands such as Audio or Video. Recently algorithms like Idle Sense [1] has been proposed to solve this problem by reducing the short-term unfairness between users. It lets each user adapt its probability p of accessing the channel to a predetermined optimal p* based on its observation of traffic on the channel. In this thesis, we discuss some improvements we made to Idle Sense by including a deterministic back-off of [(1 -- p)/p] time slots after a successful transmission. Our algorithm may be viewed as a combination of Idle Sense and Zero Collision [2]. Simulation results show the throughput our algorithm obtains is almost the same as that of Idle Sense but short-term unfairness is reduced. Packets of each user can be transmitted at much more regular intervals and in simulations for Voice over IP (VOIP), the number of VOIP users with a good Quality of Service (QoS) through a single access point can be substantially increased.
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Molino, Nicholas Anthony. "A multi-level trade-off methodology for analyzing collaborative system-of-system alternatives." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53585.
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As unmanned vehicle capabilities have matured, the design and development of autonomous collaborative Systems-of-Systems (SoS) has gained increased attention. This has been motivated by the indication that significant improvements in overall effectiveness may be possible by employing many systems in cooperation with one another. However, as the potential combinations of vehicles, subsystems, and operational concepts becomes increasingly large, a systematic approach is needed for designing and analyzing alternatives. Furthermore, the discrete nature of the problem can cause variations in effectiveness that are counter-intuitive, such as a point of diminishing returns as the number of systems grows.
Systems-of-systems are hierarchical in nature, consisting of top-level mission requirements that are decomposed into system- and subsystem-level performance measures. The overarching research objectives of this dissertation are to show that the analysis of alternatives should be performed at varying levels of the SoS hierarchy and to provide novel means for performing those analyses. In particular, it has been postulated that a formulation built on an energy-based approach to multi-level analysis of SoS components will enable more accurate and transparent subsystem and system trade-offs. Various steps of the design process are established and argued for or against, and significant focus is placed on the analysis of alternatives.
The foundation of the new method is laid on structured SoS engineering principles. The full substance comes together by incorporating unique aspects developed within this dissertation. A new virtual experimentation approach is presented for creating sensor performance representations that are functions of vehicle operations. The sonar equation is used as a baseline sensor model for comparison against the new virtual experimentation method. Dozens of forward-looking and side-scan sonar experiments are designed, and data is provided to show the extent to which typical sensor modeling over-predicts performance without vehicle operations considered. In addition, comparisons are made between possible representations of vehicle performance. An underwater vehicle sizing and synthesis process is developed to enable comparisons between system-level component modeling approaches. The experiments attest to significant gaps in accuracy when performing sensor and operational trade-offs without energy-based modeling of the collaborative vehicles. Finally, a heuristic path-planning algorithm is formulated, and mixed-integer linear programming is used to choose between alternative SoS designs.
The developed method is demonstrated through a representative example problem: a group of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) operating in a collaborative fashion to search for underwater objects. The example scenario provides an application for illustrating the phenomenon discussed in regards to the analysis of alternatives of collaborative SoS. The significance of providing more or less analytic detail is traced and the effect on mission requirements is quantified. Counter-intuitive results are highlighted, such as the observation that the increased energy required for systems to effectively collaborate can often out-weigh the benefits gained in overall mission effectiveness.
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Pedroza, Moises, and Filiberto Macias. "OFF-RANGE CORRIDOR SUPPORT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606814.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaWhite Sands Missile Range is supporting Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) target firings from Ft. Wingate, NM. This two Off-Range Corridor allows BMDO to conduct long range testing within the continental U.S. The Transportable Range Augmentation and Control System (TRACS), consisting of a control van and one of two Mobile Telemetry Systems (MTS), provide the necessary on-site telemetry support. The Dual Remote Interferometer System (DRDAS) that tracks the telemetry RF carrier in support of Missile Flight Safety (MFS) is also included in this paper. This paper describes the telemetry support scenario in terms of preliminary simulations followed by real-time support. Real-time support consists of data distribution from the MTS to the Telemetry Distribution Center, TRACS Control van, Missile Flight Safety display van, Project Support vans, on-site data processing, as well as relaying raw data to the main WSMR Telemetry Data Center (TDC) for real-time analysis. As soon as telemetry data arrives at the TDC, it is converted into information. This information is used by MFS during real-time monitoring of vehicle performance. This paper includes the methods used for the conversion of data into information on-site and at TDC. Real-time data processing involves multiple independent systems performing their respective tasks on a particular segment of data.
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Onyia, Chukwuebuka Louis. "Nanogrid For Renewable Off-Grid System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397052.
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Power grids utilize large central generating stations which entails the use of long transmission lines to deliver power to consumers. This approach poses some challenges such as line loses and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission into the environment from the burning of fossil fuels from such large generators. There is also little or no availability of electricity in the rural and isolated areas where the supply of power from the national grid may be considered uneconomical. Distributed generation proffers solutions to these challenges by generating power close to the point of consumption. A nanogrid is an important aspect of distributed generation in which electricity is generated for a single building. Nanogrids usually employ renewable sources of power such as solar and wind energy to generate electricity. Hence, reducing carbon dioxide emission. Also due to the versatility of nanogrids, people in the rural areas can generate their own electricity. However, the intermittent supply of power due to the variations of wind speed during the entire course of a day poses a major challenge in the use of nanogrids. This thesis focuses on the study of the interaction of the savonius wind turbine in an existing nanogrid with a particular load so as to have a better understanding of how the wind turbine parameters such as the wind speed and Tip Speed Ratio can affect the power generated from the turbine. This is achieved by modelling and measuring the power absorption of the savonius wind turbine operating in the nanogrid. From the results obtained in this project, it is glaring that the wind speed and Tip Speed Ratio of the wind turbine play a vital role in the total power harvested from the turbine. If the rotor blades spin too slowly, the wind will pass through the gap between the blades and no power will be generated. Whereas when the blades spin too fast, they act like a shield against the wind speed, creating turbulence in the air as they spin and so when the incoming blade arrives too fast, it hits the turbulent air created by the blade before it and thus, no power will also be generated in this situation. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to design the wind turbine with an optimal Tip Speed Ratio to obtain maximum power from the turbine and thus, improve the reliability and efficiency of the nanogrid technology.
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Basil, Daniel L. "A systems engineering approach to the design of a COTS management system." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12162009-020103/.
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Hermansson, Caroline, and Karolina Bergkvist. "Är off-grid framtiden för det svenska elsystemet? : En analys utifrån Flernivå-perspektivet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44818.
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Syftet med detta examensarbete är att studera om scenariot off-grid är en potentiell riktning i framtidens svenska energilandskap, samt undersöka vad som kan driva en sådan utveckling. För detta examensarbete har en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi tillämpats, genom ett abduktivt förhållningssätt till funnen empiri och teori. En empirisk datainsamling har genomförts i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med ett tiotal aktörer på den svenska elnätsmarknaden. Därefter har en tematisk analys utförts, där det empiriska materialet ställts mot teori. Studien påvisar att det idag finns flertalet faktorer som kan vara drivande för en utveckling mot ett off-grid elsystem. I studiens empiriska material går det att finna tecken på att flertalet informanter tror att en förändring av dagens svenska elsystem behövs. Dock hur troligt det är, att en sådan förändringsprocess sker, finner studien inga belägg eller grunder för. De faktorer som skulle driva utvecklingen mot ett elsystem som karaktäriseras som off-grid kan identifieras som prisutveckling, utveckling i andra sektorer, ändrad tariffsättning, decentralisering, lagstiftning, ökad popularitet samt exempel där off-grid har realiserats.The purpose of this master thesis is to study whether the off- grid scenario is a potential direction in the Swedish energy landscape of the future, and to investigate what can drive such development. For this master thesis, a qualitative research strategy has been applied, through an abductive approach towards the found empirical material and theory. An empirical data collection has been carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews with ten actors in the Swedish electricity grid market. Subsequently, a thematic analysis has been carried out, in which the empirical material is set against the theory. The study shows that there today are several factors that can drive the development towards an off-grid electricity system in Sweden. In the study’s empirical material, it is possible to find signs that most informants believe that change in today’sSwedish electricity system is needed. However, how likely it is that such a change process will take place, the study finds no evidence for. The factors that would drive the development towards an electricity system characterized by off-grid can be identified as price development, development in other sectors, changed tariff set, decentralization, legislation, increased popularity and examples where off-grid has been realized.
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Nygren, Joel, and Patric Hjort. "Systemuppbyggnad och entreprenörskap från grunden : Fallstudie: ”off- grid” vatten- och avloppslösning på Värmdö." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Industriell ekonomi och organisation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49101.
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Research questions: How can the Aspvik model be useful for the traditionally functioning water and sewage industry? What are the main challenges for regime actors to implement systems similar to those derived from the Aspvik model? Purpose: The purpose of the study is two-fold. Firstly, we intend to investigate system development and entrepreneurship from below in a local project in the water and sewage industry and its business model. Secondly, the study aims to provide an understanding of how the organization and the development process differ between the local Aspvik project and the existing regime within the water and sewage industry. Method: The study was of a qualitative nature based on an abductive approach. The theoretical framework was based on scientific articles and publications as well as books. The empirical data collection consisted of the collection of primary and secondary data, of which primary data was obtained through a total of 13 semi-structured interviews and secondary data via web pages, public print (laws and regulations) and other sources. A thematic analysis was performed based on the theoretical framework and the empirical data. Conclusion: The Aspvik model can generate usefulness as it contributes by providing a businesslike approach with transparency and visualization of what opportunities the industry actors have and what it may cost. With transparency, the current problems and bottlenecks in the industry became more evident. There are major environmental benefits in increasing the rate of development of the municipal water and sewage grid. It is mainly the Water Services Act, section 6 in particular, which is the main challenge for achieving a more efficient expansion of the water and sewage grid, both in terms of resources and time. It may require organizational change at the regime level, this in order to handle several projects simultaneously, or to provide increased support for private initiatives similar to the Aspvik project.Problemställning: Hur kan Aspviksmodellen generera nytta för den traditionellt fungerande VA-branschen? Vilka är de huvudsakliga utmaningarna för regimaktörer att implementera system liknande det som härrör från Aspviksmodellen? Syfte: Studiens syfte är tvådelat. För det första ämnar vi undersöka systemuppbyggnad och entreprenörskap från grunden i ett lokalt VA- projekt och dess affärsmodell. För det andra syftar studien till att ge förståelse för hur organisationen och VA-utbyggnadsprocessen skiljer sig mellan det lokala VA-projektet och den befintliga regimen. Metod: Studien var av kvalitativ karaktär med utgångspunkt i en abduktiv ansats. Den teoretiska referensramen var baserad på vetenskapliga publikationer och böcker samt studentlitteratur. Den empiriska datainsamlingen utgjordes av insamling av primära och sekundära data, varav primärdata erhållits genom totalt 13 semistrukturerade intervjuer och sekundärdata via webbsidor, offentligt tryck (lagar och förordningar) och övriga källor. Utifrån den teoretiska referensramen och den empiriska data genomfördes en tematisk analys. Slutsats: Aspviksmodellen kan generera nytta då den bidrar med att tillhandahålla en affärsmässig strategi med ökad transparens och visualisering över vilka möjligheter branschaktörer har och vad det kan kosta. Med transparens blev rådande problem och flaskhalsar i branschen mer tydliga. Det finns stora miljömässiga fördelar med att öka utbyggnadstakten av det kommunala VA-nätet. Från regimens synvinkel är det huvudsakligen vattentjänstlagen i sig, 6 § i synnerhet som utgör en utmaning mot en effektivare utbyggnad av VA-nätet, både ekonomiskt och tidsmässigt. För att hantera det krävs någon organisatorisk förändring på regimnivå för att kunna hantera flera projekt samtidigt, alternativt att från regimens sida ge ett ökat stöd till privata initiativ i samma slag som Aspviksprojektet.
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Leitman, Valentín. "Koncept nabíjecí stanice s možností off-grid provozu pro elektrokola." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319544.
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This thesis deals with charging stations for electric bicycles powered by renewable energy. The aim of this work is to make a proposal for the hybrid charging stations for electric bicycles, which will work independently and, if necessary, will be backed up by a network. In this thesis is entered theoretical information on the issue of electric bicycles, the batteries, charging stations, the connectors of chargers, and photovoltaic systems. The practical part of this thesis is the basic design of the charging station and its design of the mathematical model of the individual parts in Simulink program, which are linked to the actual design of the charging station. In conclusion, this thesis deals with energy and economic analysis of the proposed system, therein included various methods of assessing investment recommendations of appropriate processing methods and overall assessment of the subject.
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Ozaslan, Mustafa Onur. "Trade-off Models In Sustainable System Engineering." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610784/index.pdf.
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Prior to concerns of sustainability, almost all industrial engineering models tried to minimize cost or maximize profit. Sustainability awareness has recently forced the decision makers to also take into consideration such aspects as clean water use, or carbon dioxide emissions. In an effort to incorporate more aspects of sustainability in optimizing production efforts, we present a network model to handle trade-offs among dissimilar sustainability criteria. Since typically there are alternative choices for the various operations, the network allows parallel arcs between the same nodes. We also introduce the concept of generalized cost. Generalized cost is a vector quantity that includes not only a monetary measure, but also measures relevant to sustainability, such as carbon use or embodied energy. The approach leads to a multi-criteria decision making model, whose efficient frontier is obtained by the epsilon constraint method. Numerical work shows that the computational effort to obtain the efficient frontier is reasonable, allowing products of up to about a hundred activities to be solved with the current generation of personal computers.
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Champion, James. "A 3-CHANNEL MONOPULSE TRACKING RECEIVER SYSTEM USING COMMERCIAL OFF-THE-SHELF EQUIPMENT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607375.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThree-channel monopulse tracking receiver systems are commonly used for high performance tracking of satellites, missiles, or aircraft to maximize the reception of data. Typically, the receiver in such systems are custom designed for their end purpose. This results in a high cost to cover the development, service, and support of a highly specialized piece of equipment. This paper covers the requirements and performance of a 3-channel monopulse tracking receiver assembled from commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment. Such a system provides an option for designing or upgrading tracking stations with the lower cost, larger support base, and greater system configuration choices that are available with COTS equipment.
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Sridaran, S. "Off-line robot vision system programming using a computer aided design system." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54373.
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Robots with vision capability have been taught to recognize unknown objects by comparing their shape features with those of known objects, which are stored in the vision system as a knowledge base. Traditionally, this knowledge base is created by showing the robot the set of objects that it is likely to come across. This is done with the vision system to be used and must be done in an online mode.
An approach to teach the robot in an off-line mode by integrating the robot vision system and an off-line graphic system, has been developed in this research. Instead of showing the objects that the robot is likely to come across, graphic models of the objects were created in an off-line graphic system and a FORTRAN program that processes the models to extract their shape parameters was developed. These shape parameters were passed to the vision system. A program to process an unknown object placed in front of the vision system was developed to extract its shape parameters. A program that compares the parameters of the unknown object with those of the known models was also developed.
The vision system was calibrated to measure the pixel dimensions in inches. In the vision system, shape parameters of the objects were found to vary with different orientations. The range of variation for each parameter was established and this was taken into consideration in the parameter comparison program.Master of Science
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Chaney, William D. Corzine Mark Paolercio Adrianne L. "United States Army Land Mobile Radio communication system impacts of information assurance on Commercial Off-The-shelf systems /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/JAP/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FChaney%5FJAP.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in [Program Management] from the Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010."Advisor(s): Boudreau, Michael W. ; Alternate Reader(s): Willins, Katrina ; Smith, Nathan. "June 2010." "Joint applied project"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Information Assurance (IA), Commercial Off-The Shelf (COTS), Land Mobile Radio (LMR), DoD Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP), Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International (APCO) 25, National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-49). Also available in print.
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Chaney, William D., Adrianne L. Paolercio, and Mark Corzine. "United States Army Land Mobile Radio communication system: impacts of information assurance on Commercial Off-The-shelf systems." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10517.
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Joint Applied ProjectThis Joint Applied Project examined the technical, operational and programmatic implementation of Information Assurance (IA) as it relates to the Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) Land Mobile Radio (LMR) program within the United States (U.S.) Army. This project provides an overview of the LMR system, its capabilities and technical requirements, as well as the IA processes and requirements. The project then examines the technical aspects and impacts of implementing the IA requirements on the LMR system with possible interoperability with the Global Information Grid (GIG). As a result of this project, the U.S. Army will have a better understanding of the impact of IA on fielded LMR systems and its future impact to critical communications.
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Boyer, Kyle, Laura Brubaker, Kyle Everly, RIchard Herriman, Paul Houston, Sean Ruckle, Rory Scobie, and Ian Ulanday. "AN EXPANDED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM FOR OFF-GRID TELEMETRY." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626973.
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The drivers of the University of Arizona Baja racing team must be intensely focused on tackling the jumps, boulders, mud bogs, and other challenges in the four-hour endurance race. These obstacles are just as demanding on the vehicle as the driver, so the pit crew needs effective ways of detecting problems within the vehicle before serious damage occurs. Our solution is a wide range, AES encrypted, Wi-Fi communications system that supports full IP protocol and live video feed, allowing our telemetry data to be accessed through a smartphone via a web interface. To provide a wide range of communication options, our system supports VOX and push-to-talk audio compatible with third-party radios, and has an on-board HDMI screen for text-based communications. Finally, our system is backwards compatible with prior generations to make repairs and replacements easy.
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Gordon, Greg P. (. "Laser position locating system for off-road vehicles /." Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1200512216.
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Gordon, Greg P. "Laser position locating system for off-road vehicles." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1200512216.
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Dufka, Zbyněk. "Webový systém pro správu elektronických dokumentů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220379.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide a systematic study of Open Journal System, which is designed for electronic research papers publishing. Due to the nature of information published in this system, there is an elaborate approval process controlled by the editor. The main objective of this thesis is the realization of a system module, which would, at the end of the approval process, implement a stamp incorporating metadata of the source magazine to individual electronic documents. The thesis gives insight into the development of the structure of the Open Journal System and, briefly, describes the possibility of implementing this system. Another part of the work focuses on the sub-steps of the stamping module which was implemented into the system. This module allows editors to stamp individual electronic PDF documents that are published within the magazine and its various volumes. The module is designed to simplify the editing process of the journal with no prolongation or any other additional time required. Among other things, the reader learns how it is possible to create a block module, which can be used in the sidebar to display any system information. The work, also, previews the possibility to customize the user interface. Each implemented part contains solution proposals and, further, the implementation method and technical description is described in more detail. For better understanding and integrity of the work, stretches of the given code are also included, this might serve as an inspiration for users‘ modifications of the system.
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Kejda, Petr. "Konstrukce zkušebního zařízení pro ovlivňování adheze v kontaktu kola s kolejnicí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231995.
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This thesis aims to design a test equipment for positive change the adhesion contact between the wheel and the rail head. This can be achieved by changing the size of the coefficient of friction, which are eliminated negative effects accompanying the operation of the rail transport (acoustic emissions and excessive wear). Reducing friction must not be compromised traction or braking. Equipment ranks among to Top of Rail systems where as medium is used the friction modifier. The study includes an overview of available types of friction modifiers and applicators Top of rail system. The design of the applicator is built based on the off-board system that is placed in front of the arc track with a small radius of curvature.
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Martinsson, Christoffer. "Requirements Specifications Simplified and Adapted." Thesis, Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-4832.
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Systems development projects and their documents are more or less standardized and can mainly be applied on systems that are supposed to be built from scratch, or updated. In pace with the number of IT-systems are increasing worldwide there is no need for every organization to build their own IT-system. Nowadays it is also possible to purchase licenses which allow the purchaser to modify or add functions to the system. Along with those changes, there have been an increased amount of “rapid development methods” such as Agile and “Quick and Dirty” solutions, but these methods and perspectives are mainly focusing on entire systems development processes, as the old ones, but quicker.
If a company purchases an off-the-shelf system with source code available, there is no real need to go through a proper systems development process. During interviews with a small company that has acquired a system as mentioned above, the researcher realized that only one single document is needed, the requirements specification. Today’s requirements specifications can be either well detailed or less, but a project still needs the details specified. Combining a known agile development process with IEEE’s standardized requirements specification, a new way to proceed with projects based on one single document (the requirements specification) has been made. This document also has a focus on simplicity for the inexperienced readers, but with the depth that every developer has got a use for.
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Curry, Diarmuid. "Data Acquisition Blasts Off - Space Flight Testing." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606142.
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ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaIn principle, the requirements for a flight test data acquisition system for space testing (launch vehicles, orbiters, satellites and International Space Station (ISS) installations) are very similar to those for more earth-bound applications. In practice, there are important environmental and operational differences that present challenges for both users and vendors of flight test equipment. Environmental issues include the severe vibration and shock experienced on take-off, followed by a very sharp thermal shock, culminating (for orbital vehicles) in a low temperature, low pressure, high radiation operating environment. Operational issues can include the need to dynamically adapt to changing configurations (for example when an instrumented stage is released) and the difficulty in Telemetering data during the initial launch stage from a vehicle that may not be recoverable, and therefore does not offer the option of an on-board recorder. Addressing these challenges requires simple, rugged and flexible solutions. Traditionally these solutions have been bespoke, specifically designed equipment. In an increasingly cost-conscious environment engineers are now looking to commercial off-the-shelf solutions. This paper discusses these solutions and highlights the issues that instrumentation engineers need to consider when designing or selecting flight test equipment.
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O'Cull, Douglas C. "A COMPACT, LIGHTWEIGHT, LOW POWER, MULTI-FUNCTION TELEMETRY RECEIVER/COMBINER SYSTEM PROVIDES "HANDS OFF" AUTOMATION FOR SYSTEMS COST REDUCTION." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608841.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1994 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaWith the increased concerns for reducing cost and improving reliability in today's telemetry systems, many users are employing simulation and automation to guarantee reliable telemetry systems operation. This places an increased demand on the remote capabilities of the equipment used in the telemetry system. Furthermore, emphasis has been placed on the ability to decrease the space and power consumption of the telemetry system to facilitate transportability of the a single telemetry system to multiple sites. Finally, today's telemetry systems demand that all equipment provide multiple functions to provide the maximum performance for the lowest system cost.
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Giddens, Henry. "Off-body antenna analysis and system level impact for wireless remote health monitoring systems in the 2.4 GHz band." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685968.
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Understanding antenna performance is important when designing a communication system. For wearable applications the performance of the body worn antenna should be characterized in terms of the influence of the body. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis on the performance of wearable antennas in off-body communications systems and their impact on remote health monitoring applications. An electrically-small loop antenna was developed for use in remote health monitoring systems operating in the 2.4 GHz band. By considering the requirements of such systems, the antenna was designed to be small, lightweight and comfortable when worn, whilst operating efficiently on the body and radiating power away from the user. It is shown through two prototype designs how magnetic coupling can be used to feed this type of antenna. When mounted on a 230 x 155 mm textile ground plane and positioned on a tissue-emulating phantom, the antenna had an average transmission efficiency of 75% across the 2.4 GHz band. The performance was also characterized in terms of the ground plane size, and the average transmission efficiency dropped to 39% as the ground plane dimensions were reduced to 22 x 35 mm. The performance of two off-body antennas designed for in indoor remote health monitoring applications are then analysed in terms of their 3D radiation patterns. It is shown how the polarisation and pattern shape of a highly polarised textile patch antenna changes as the user position is tilted. The performance of the wearable antennas in remote health monitoring systems was then quantified in terms of their 3D power distribution, where it is shown that, despite radiating more power in unnecessary directions, the loop antenna radiated more evenly than the patch antenna over the desired sectors. Multiple off-body antenna systems were also considered, and the effects on the radiation patterns of three different combining methods are shown. The equal gain combining method is shown to introduce a significant ripple effect to the radiation pattern of the multi- loop antenna system, highlighting the interference effects that can occur when multiple antennas are incorporated in wearable systems. Finally, the performance of an indoor wearable off-body communications system is analysed through a series of measurements. In order to characterize the system in terms of the limitations imposed by body shadowing and fading, the wearable antennas were mounted on the torso shaped phantom and rotated through 3600 in the azimuth plane, and the received signal strength was recorded across the 2.4 GHz band. At the 0.1 % outage probability, it is concluded that multipath fading effects are the main limiting factor on the performance of the system, but can be accounted for through polarisation diversity in the access point, even for highly linearly polarised antennas. The performance of two antennas is then compared, and although it is shown that the loop antenna outperforms the patch antenna in most scenarios due to its higher efficiency and wider radiation pattern, it is also noted that antennas performed within the predefined system requirements as long as the user remained in the same room as the access point antennas. When multiple antennas were positioned on the front and back of the phantom, the performance at the 0.1 % outage probability was significantly improved, equating to a 15 dB reduction in the minimum required transmit power when a line-of-sight between the user and a polarisation diversity enabled access point is used in conjunction with the electrically-small loop antenna
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Craig, Michael T. "Economic and Environmental Costs, Benefits, and Trade-offs of Low-carbon Technologies in the Electric Power Sector." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1099.
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Motivated by the role of decarbonizing the electric power sector to mitigate climate change, I assess the economic and environmental merits of three key technologies for decarbonizing the electric power sector across four chapters in this thesis. These chapters explore how adding flexibility to power plants equipped with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) affects system costs and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, how grid-scale electricity storage affects system CO2 emissions as a power system decarbonizes, and how distributed solar photovoltaic (distributed PV) electricity generation suppresses wholesale electricity prices. In each chapter, I address these questions through a combination of power system optimization, statistics, and techno-economic analysis, and tie my findings to policy implications. In Chapter 2, I compare the cost-effectiveness of “flexible” CCS retrofits to other compliance strategies with the U.S. Clean Power Plan (CPP) and a hypothetical stronger CPP. Relative to “normal” CCS, “flexible” CCS retrofits include solvent storage that allows the generator to temporarily eliminate the CCS parasitic load and increase the generator’s net efficiency, capacity, and ramp rate. Using a unit commitment and economic dispatch (UCED) model, I find that flexible CCS achieves more cost-effective emissions reductions than normal CCS under the CPP and stronger CPP, but that flexible CCS is less cost-effective than other compliance strategies under both reduction targets. In Chapter 3, I conduct a detailed comparison of how flexible versus normal CCS retrofits affect total system costs and CO2 emissions under a moderate and strong CO2 emission limit. Given that a key benefit of flexible CCS relative to normal CCS is increased reserve provision, I break total system costs into generation, reserve, and CCS capital costs. Using a UCED model, I find that flexible CCS retrofits reduce total system costs relative to normal CCS retrofits under both emission limits. Furthermore, 40-80% of these cost reductions come from reserve cost reductions. Accounting for costs and CO2 emissions, though, flexible CCS poses a trade-off to policymakers under the moderate emission limit, as flexible CCS increases system CO2 emissions relative to normal CCS. No such trade-off exists under the stronger emission limit, as flexible CCS reduces system CO2 emissions and costs relative to normal CCS. In Chapter 4, I quantify how storage affects operational CO2 emissions as a power system decarbonizes under a moderate and strong CO2 emission limit through 2045. In so doing, I aim to better understand how storage transitions from increasing CO2 emissions in historic U.S. systems to enabling deeply decarbonized systems. Additionally, under each target I compare how storage affects CO2 emissions when participating in only energy, only reserve, and energy and reserve markets. Using a capacity expansion (CE) model to forecast fleet changes through 2045 and a UCED model to quantify how storage affects system CO2 emissions, I find that storage quickly transitions from increasing to decreasing CO2 emissions under the moderate and strong emission limits. Whether storage provides only energy, only reserves, or energy and reserves drives large differences in the magnitude, but not the direction, of the effect of storage on CO2 emissions. In Chapter 5, I quantify a benefit of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation often overlooked by value of solar studies, namely the market price response. By displacing high-cost marginal generators, distributed PV generation reduces wholesale electricity prices, which in turn reduces utilities’ energy procurement costs. Using 2013 through 2015 data from California including a database of all distributed PV systems in the three California investor owned utilities, we estimate historic hourly distributed PV generation in California, then link that generation to reduced wholesale electricity prices via linear regression. From 2013 through 2015, we find that distributed PV suppressed historic median hourly LMPs by up to $2.7-3.1/MWh, yielding avoided costs of up to $650-730 million. These avoided costs are smaller than but on the order of other avoided costs commonly included in value of solar studies, so merit inclusion in future studies to properly value distributed PV.
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Börjesson, Holme, and Filiph Lindskog. "Går det att köpa personuppgifter på bilskroten? : Ett arbete om digital forensik på begagnade bildelar." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42369.
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I moderna bilar lagras ofta data från användaren av bilen då en mobiltelefon eller annan enhet parkopplas genom Bluetooth- eller USB-anslutning. I de fall dessa data innehåller personuppgifter kan de vara intressanta i en utredning samt vara värda att skydda ur ett integritetsperspektiv. Vad händer med dessa data då bilen skrotas? När en bil skrotas monteras den ner och de delar som går att tjäna pengar på säljs av bildemonteringsföretaget. Det kan gälla allt från stötdämpare, hjul och rattar, till elektroniska komponenter och multimediaenheter. I detta arbete utvanns personuppgifter ur tre sådana begagnade multimediaenheter som köpts från bildemonteringar. Den mest framgångsrika metoden var att avlägsna rätt lagringskrets från multimediaenhetens kretskort och utvinna dess data genom direkt anslutning. I samtliga fall har informationen varit strukturerad i ett bekant filsystem vilket kunnat monteras. I alla tre undersöka multimediaenheter utvanns personuppgifter. Resultatet visar att det finns brister i hanteringen av personuppgifter då en bil skrotas.In modern vehicles, data from the user of the vehicle is often stored when a mobile phone or other device is paired through Bluetooth or USB connection. In cases where this data contains personal data, they may be of interest in an investigation and may be worth protecting from a privacy perspective. What happens to this data when the car is scrapped? When a car is scrapped, it is dismantled and the parts that can be made money from are sold by the scrap company. This can be anything from shock absorbers, wheels and steering wheels, to electronic components and infotainment devices. In this report, personal data was extracted from three such infotainment devices purchased from scrap companies. The most successful method was to remove the correct storage circuit from the infotainment device circuit board and extract its data by direct connection. In all cases, the information has been structured in a familiar file system which could be mounted. In all three investigated infotainment devices, personal data were extracted. The result shows that there are deficiencies in the handling of personal data when a car is scrapped.
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Han, Changan. "Neural Network Based Off-line Handwritten Text Recognition System." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/363.
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This dissertation introduces a new system for handwritten text recognition based on an improved neural network design. Most of the existing neural networks treat mean square error function as the standard error function. The system as proposed in this dissertation utilizes the mean quartic error function, where the third and fourth derivatives are non-zero.
Consequently, many improvements on the training methods were achieved. The training results are carefully assessed before and after the update. To evaluate the performance of a training system, there are three essential factors to be considered, and they are from high to low importance priority: 1) error rate on testing set, 2) processing time needed to recognize a segmented character and 3) the total training time and subsequently the total testing time. It is observed that bounded training methods accelerate the training process, while semi-third order training methods, next-minimal training methods, and preprocessing operations reduce the error rate on the testing set. Empirical observations suggest that two combinations of training methods are needed for different case character recognition.
Since character segmentation is required for word and sentence recognition, this dissertation provides also an effective rule-based segmentation method, which is different from the conventional adaptive segmentation methods. Dictionary-based correction is utilized to correct mistakes resulting from the recognition and segmentation phases.
The integration of the segmentation methods with the handwritten character recognition algorithm yielded an accuracy of 92% for lower case characters and 97% for upper case characters. In the testing phase, the database consists of 20,000 handwritten characters, with 10,000 for each case. The testing phase on the recognition 10,000 handwritten characters required 8.5 seconds in processing time.
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LoPresti, Patrick Joseph. "Tadpole--an off-line router for the NuMesh system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42667.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60).
by Patrick Joseph LoPresti.
M.S.
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Brainerd, Steve. "Off-axis illumination for extending optical microlithographic system performance /." Full text open access at:, 1993. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,185.
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Holmberg, Johan. "Ephrins off the beaten path /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-720-7.
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Marín, Garcia Jordi. "Off-axis holography in microwave imaging systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285129.
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En las pasadas décadas, la investigación en tecnología de terahercios fue únicamente motivada por instrumentación para los campos de astrofísica y ciencias de la tierra. La principal línea de investigación de estos campos comprende la detección, identificación y mapeo mediante espectroscopia molecular de bandas de emisión y absorción de gases a baja presión. Este campo fue el mayor foco de desarrollo que permitió en primer lugar el desarrollo de instrumentación y tecnología a bandas de terahercios. En contraposición con su uso en campos científicos, la radiación de terahercios es una de las bandas de radio-frecuencia menos usadas en el ámbito comercial. La escasez de fuentes, sensores, sub-sistemas e instrumentos ha dificultado en los últimos años la proliferación de aplicaciones para un mayor público de consumo. La combinación de los últimos avances tecnológicos provenientes del campo científico, así como el descubrimiento de nuevas aplicaciones ha despertado de nuevo el interés por este campo, lo que ha supuesto un nuevo impulso económico para el desarrollo a estas frecuencias tanto a nivel público como privado.
Además del mencionado interés científico, la radiación de terahercios tiene características muy atractivas como por ejemplo una buena resolución espacial (comparada con menores frecuencias), penetración en materiales, capacidades espectroscópicas, absorción por humedad y niveles bajos de energía.
El trabajo desarrollado en esta tesis es parte de un proyecto de investigación a nivel nacional Español denominado Terasense. El interés principal de este proyecto es equipar las instituciones de investigación académicas con un nuevo conjunto de instrumentación y capacidades para poder desarrollar proyectos en el estado del arte en el campo de ondas milimétricas y sub-milimétricas.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis es explorar la viabilidad de sistemas de imagen en microondas y ondas milimétricas basados en técnicas holográficas mediante medidas de intensidad. En este documenta se estudia principalmente el uso de la técnica holográfica con referencia desplazada. No solo desde un punto de vista teórico sino especialmente desde un punto de vista experimental y práctico. En la tesis, diferentes experimentos y dispositivos son simulados, diseñados e implementados. La ida y vuelta entre software y hardware ha permitido la creación de un marco de desarrollo para el test de las diferentes técnicas de imagen estudiadas. El rango de frecuencia escogido como meta para este proyecto es la banda de frecuencia W (75-110 GHz). Sin embargo, muchos experimentos han sido desarrollados primero en banda X (8-12 GHz) para desarrollar la experiencia necesaria requerida para trabajar a frecuencias superiores en el rango de las ondas milimétricas.In past decades research in terahertz technology was solely motivated by instruments for topics such as astrophysics, planetary and earth sciences. Molecular line spectroscopy detection, identification and mapping of thermal emission and absorption signatures from low pressure gases comprised the main focus for most scientific requirements and motivated the development of terahertz instrumentation and technology. In spite of the scientific contributions of terahertz radiation, its spectrum is still one of the least used electromagnetics bands in commercial use. The unavailability of sources, sensors, sub-systems and instruments has been a cumbersome issue over the past years for its wide-spread use in commercial instrumentation. The combination of technological advances coming from the space-based community, along with the emergence of new applications, have managed to drive again the interest from both public and private sectors which has renown and skyrocketed the funding and research in terahertz applications. Aside from the aforementioned scientific interest, terahertz radiation has appealing characteristics such as good imaging resolution (as compared to lower frequencies), material penetration, spectroscopic capabilities, water absorption and low energy levels. The work of this thesis is part of a Spanish national research project called Terasense. The main focus of the project is to equip national academic research institutions with a completely new set of instrumentations and capabilities in order to advance towards the current state of the art in millimeter and sub-millimeter wave technologies. The main objective of this thesis is to explore the viability of microwave and millimeter-wave imaging systems based on intensity-only holographic techniques. This dissertation is mostly focused on the Off-Axis Holography technique. Not only from a theoretical perspective but specially from an actual implementation standpoint. In order to do so, different experimental setups and devices have been designed and manufactured. Iteration between hardware and software has created a framework for devising and testing different imaging techniques under consideration. The frequency range W-Band (75-110 GHz) has been chosen as the main goal for all systems under study, however different setups will first be constructed, characterized and tested at X-Band (8-12 GHz) in order to build up the expertise required to work at millimeter-wave frequencies.
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RAMIREZ, MISAEL ALBERTO RABANAL. "ON-OFF DIGITAL TRANSMISSION IN OPTICAL SYSTEMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1989. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9248@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOUma análise de desempenho da transmissão digital, com modulação tipo ON-OFF através de fibras óticas foi feita incluindo todos os estágios do circuito. A partir desta análise foi desenvolvido um método para o dimensionamento e o cálculo da qualidade destes sistemas óticos digitais. O método permite calcular o comprimento máximo da fibra ótica em função das características dos diversos circuitos que compõem o enlace, taxa de transmissão e objetivo de qualidade.
It was made an analysis of performance of digital transmission with modulation ON-OFF through optical fiber including all circuit phases. From this analysis it was developed a method to the dimensioning and the quality calculation of these digital optical systems. This method allows to determine the maximum length of optical fiber, since the characteristics of all enlace circuits, of date rate and the quality objective are known.
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Soteriades, Andreas Diomedes. "Trade-offs in sustainable dairy farming systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18753.
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A key challenge facing dairy farming is to meet the increasing demand for dairy products from a growing and more affluent global population in a period of unprecedented socio-economic and environmental change. In order to address this challenge, policies are currently placing emphasis on ‘sustainable intensification’ (SI), i.e. producing ‘more’ outputs and services with ‘less’ resources and environmental impacts. Determining whether or not SI can deliver greater yet sustainable dairy production requires understanding of the relationships between sustainability pillars (environmental; economic; and social) and farm aspects (e.g. on-farm management; and animal productivity) under particular farming systems and circumstances (e.g. regional bio-physical conditions). Trade-offs between pillars and aspects is inevitable within a farming system. Many widely-used assessment methods that aim to measure, scale and weight these pillars and aspects are unable to fully capture trade-offs between them. The objectives of this thesis are: 1) to identify key trade-offs in dairy farming systems to inform greater yet sustainable food production; and 2) to introduce models and methodologies aiming at a more holistic measurement and better understanding of dairy farm sustainability. This thesis assesses the sustainability of French and UK dairy farming systems via a farm efficiency benchmarking modelling framework coupled with statistical analyses. It explores the relationships between pillars, aspects and technical, economic and environmental performance; and identifies important drivers/differentials in dairy farm efficiency. Importantly, it also suggests ways in which farm inputs and outputs can be adjusted so that improvements in environmental, technical and economic performance become feasible. Efficiency benchmarking was performed with the multiple-input – multiple-output productive efficiency method Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA calculates single aggregated efficiency indices per farm by accounting for several farm inputs and outputs which the DEA model endogenously scales and weights. In this work, the notion of farm inputs and outputs was extended to also include ‘undesirable’ outputs (greenhouse gas emissions) and environmental impacts (e.g. eutrophication, acidification etc.) of dairy farming. The DEA models employed belong to the family of ‘additive’ models, which have several advantages over ‘traditional’ DEA models. These include their ability (i) to simultaneously increase outputs and reduce inputs, undesirable outputs and environmental impacts; (ii) to identify specific sources of inefficiency. These ‘sources’ represent a farm’s shortfalls in output production and its excesses in input use and/or in undesirable outputs and environmental impacts, relatively to the other farms; (iii) to position undesirable outputs in the output set rather than consider them as inputs or ‘inverse’ outputs; and (iv) to rank farms by efficiency performance. Importantly, this thesis also proposes a new additive model with a ranking property and high discriminatory power. In a second stage, DEA was coupled with partial least squares structural equation modelling (SEM) so as to develop and relate latent variables for environmental performance, animal productivity and on-farm management practices. The results suggested that the efficacy of SI may be compromised by several on-farm trade-offs between pillars, aspects and farm inputs and outputs. Moreover, trade-offs depended on particular farming systems and circumstances. Increasing animal productivity did not always improve farm environmental performance at whole farm-level. Intensifying production at animal and farm-levels, coupled with high reliance on external inputs, reduced farm environmental performance in the French case, i.e. a significant negative relationship was found between intensification and environmental performance (SEM path coefficients ranged between -0.31 and -0.57, p < 0.05). Conversely, in the UK case, systems representing animal-level intensification (via genetic selection) for increased milk fat plus protein production performed better, on average, than controls of UK average genetic merit for milk fat plus protein production in terms of technical efficiency (DEA scores between 0.91– 0.92 versus 0.78–0.79) and environmental efficiency (scores between 0.92–0.93 versus 0.80), regardless of whether on a low-forage or high-forage diet. The levels of inefficiency in (undesirable) outputs, inputs and environmental impacts varied among farming systems and depended on the regional and managerial characteristics of each system. For instance, in France, West farms had higher eutrophication inefficiencies than East farms (average normalized eutrophication inefficiencies were, respectively 0.141 and 0.107), perhaps because of their more intensive production practices. However, West farms were more DEA-efficient than East farms as the former benefited from bio-physical conditions more favourable to dairy farming (mean DEA score ranks were 97 for West and 83 for East). Such findings can guide policy incentives for SI in different regions or dairy systems. The proposed modelling framework significantly contributes to current knowledge and the search for the best pathways to SI, improves widely-used modelling approaches, and challenges earlier findings based on less holistic exercises.
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Norström, Natalie, and Martin Oskarsson. "Off Airport Bagdrop." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158164.
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Over the past nine years, the number of travelers traveling through Swedavias airports has increased significantly. The increase has placed a high demand on Stockholm Arlanda Airports infrastructural capacity. In order to avoid major expenses on the development of the terminal buildings Swedavia has developed a project called Off Airport Bagdrop, which gives the travelers the opportunity to leave their luggage at a location outside the airport. This way the number of passengers and luggage in the departure hall at Terminal 5 can be reduced. The thesis examines how the service can be developed, what is needed for it to work as well as which problems must be solved. A process map and a timeline have been created to visualize the luggage handling process and its lead times. With data gathered through interviews and observations, three solutions have been identified. The best solution, with Swedavias perspective in mind, has then been selected. The solutions identified in the report are as follows: A permanent Off Airport Bagdrop at Stockholm Central station where travelers in the vicinity of central Stockholm have the possibility to check in their luggage and get it transferred to the airport to then be able to tour the city or run errands. The long-term parking Alfa and Beta at Arlanda where the travelers who arrive with their cars have the possibility to check in their luggage at the parking lot. This way they can begin their journey more comfortably A Pop Up-service targeting group bookings, events and sport holiday travelers by providing temporary Drop Off Points at selected locations. We conclude that the latter alternative, the Pop Up-service, solves the capacity problem in the best way. This alternative is also the easiest to implement and captures the large number of passengers and luggage that create the capacity problem at Arlanda.
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Kasper, Eugene F., and Gary Leong. "AIR-GROUND TELEMETRY SYSTEMS FOR RESEARCH HELICOPTERS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605377.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper describes the development of a compact mobile telemetry system using commercial-off-the-shelf components. The personal computer-based systems support microwave pulse code modulation and serial spread-spectrum radio modem telemetry. The mobile ground station provides data display and archiving of test activities, air-ground communications between experimenters and the flight test crew, and acts as a flight test Differential Global Positioning System base station. The success of the systems indicates that functional telemetry capabilities can be established for small flight test programs at modest cost.
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Ming-Chieh, Chen. "An Intelligent Lead Acid Battery Management System for Solar and Off-Peak Energy Storage." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333393743.
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Thomas, Kurian. "Vertical Take Off and Landing Robotic Mission on Mars." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2016. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/450.
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Strachan, Jamie Robert. "NOVA - Nottingham Off-road Vehicle Architecture." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10842/.
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This thesis describes a program of research aimed at the creation of an unmanned ground vehicle. In this research the Nottingham Off-road Vehicle Architecture (NOVA) was developed along with the ARP (Autonomous Route Proving vehicle. NOVA is a control architecture for a vehicle with the role of autonomous route proving in natural terrain. The ARP vehicle was constructed to demonstrate this architecture. NOVA includes all the required competence for the ARP vehicle to be deployed in unknown outdoor environments. The architecture embodies systems for vehicle localisation, autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance. The localisation system fuses data from absolute and relative localisation equipment. GPS provides the absolute position of the ARP vehicle. Relative position information is derived from wheel encoders and a pose sensor. NOVA uses a probabilistic technique known as a particle filter to combine the two position estimates. NOVA maintains a local obstacle map based on range data generated by the perception sensors on the ARP vehicle. Analysis is performed on this map to find any untraversable terrain. A local path planner then selects the best path for the vehicle to follow using the map. Decisions made by the path planner are recorded to allow the vehicle to backtrack and try another path if NOVA later finds the chosen route is blocked. NOVA has been extensively tested onboard the ARP vehicle. Results from a series of experiments are presented to validate the various parts of the architecture.
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Fang, Bin, and 房斌. "Verification of off-line handwritten signatures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241645.
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Schuetze, Karl Thomas. "Intelligent feedback linearizing controller for an off-road electromechanical suspension system /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Kasim, Salim Y. "Ride Analysis For Suspension System of off-Road Tracked Vehicles." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4664.
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In this work. an attempt has been made to develop a programming package
for ride analysis of off-road vehicles based upon a finite-element
formulation of vehicle suspension systems. Mathematical modelling of
generalised suspension systems has been carried out with several
non-linear aspects being investigated and implemented in the programming
package. such as large deflection. non-linear characteristics of springs
and dampers. bump stops and wheel separation. Different types of soi 1
have been considered together with an appropriate modelling of vehicle
tracks. Several methods for time integration of dynamic equations have
been investigated so as to deal wi th numerical instabi 1 i ty problems
expected for off-road suspension systems which often have "stiff"
differential equations of motion. Three ride analysis criteria have also
been considered in the programming package. Several case studies have been analysed using the developed programming
package. They consist of two simple case studies with known analytical
solutions. an existing wheeled off-road vehicle with published analog
computer resul t s , and an off-road tracked vehicle wi th known
experimental results. The package has been validated and proved to be an
acceptable tool for the ride analysis of off-road vehicles. within the
approximating assumptions considered. Several measures for future
development have also been suggested.
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Oloke, David. "Development of a web-based off-highway plant information system." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/97365.
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Yeh, Kevin H. (Kevin Holden). "Development of multi-attribute automotive electrical system trade-off software." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38173.
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Hoglund, James R. "An expert system for off-line analysis of rotating equipment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46041.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of rotating equipment difficulties is currently accomplished by a specialist in rotating equipment examining the signs and symptoms of the equipment, applying his expert judgement, and determining the cause of the machine's difficulty. This thesis covers the development of an off-line expert system that can be used to emulate the expert's ability to interpret the signs and symptoms of the machine, including suggestions of possible further actions to take for repairing the problem or refining the proof for the proposed cause the difficulty. An editor has also been built which will allow an expert to keep the information used by the system current with the state of the art for rotating machinery diagnostics. This thesis documents the development of the PC-based Turbo Prolog expert shell and external knowledge-base editor. The use of the system editor is illustrated by loading current diagnostic table information into a knowledge base. Then the expert program's operation is illustrated by applying the editor-formed database in a typical session. The expert shell and knowledge base can operate as a stand-alone unit for field application. Resident experts in machinery diagnostics can build and update databases for distribution to users in the company to assure full uniform utilization of the current and most correct knowledge.
Master of Science
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Rotsios, Christopher. "Analysis and Design of An Off-Grid Residential Power System." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2214.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to provide a recommended power system design for optimal efficiency, reliability, and cost in off-grid applications. The power system examined in this project is a residence in an off-grid community called Quail Springs that generates its energy from roof mounted solar panels. The existing system was analyzed to see what equipment can remain, what needs to be upsized, and what needs to be added to the system. Two power systems are considered for the residence: a fully AC power system and a hybrid AC/DC power system. Simulations were run in PSCAD to compare the efficiencies of the two proposed systems at varying load. The results of the simulations showed the hybrid power system to be generally less efficient when supplying AC and DC loads, but greater than 5% more efficient when only supplying DC load. Although the hybrid AC/DC system is approximately 70% more expensive, it is still the final recommended design due to potential efficiency gains and in an effort to provide educational opportunities that may lead to further efficiency gains in future hybrid AC/DC power systems.
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De, Hart Ruan Dirk. "Advanced take-off and flight control algorithms for fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4179.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents the development and implementation of a position based kinematic guidance system, the derivation and testing of a Dynamic Pursuit Navigation algorithm and a thorough analysis of an aircraft’s runway interactions, which is used to implement automated take-off of a fixed wing UAV. The analysis of the runway is focussed on the aircraft’s lateral modes. Undercarriage and aerodynamic effects are first analysed individually, after which the combined system is analysed. The various types of feedback control are investigated and the best solution suggested. Supporting controllers are designed and combined to successfully implement autonomous take-off, with acceleration based guidance. A computationally efficient position based kinematic guidance architecture is designed and implemented that allows a large percentage of the flight envelope to be utilised. An airspeed controller that allows for aggressive flight is designed and implemented by applying Feedback Linearisation techniques. A Dynamic Pursuit Navigation algorithm is derived that allows following of a moving ground based object at a constant distance (radius). This algorithm is implemented and verified through non-linear simulation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis handel oor die ontwikkeling en toepassing van posisie-afhanklike, kinematiese leidings-algoritmes, die ontwikkeling van ’n Dinamiese Volgings-navigasie-algoritme en ’n deeglike analise van die interaksie van ’n lugraam met ’n aanloopbaan sodat outonome opstygprosedure van ’n vastevlerk vliegtuig bewerkstellig kan word. Die bogenoemde analise het gefokus op die laterale modus van ’n vastevlerk vliegtuig en is tweeledig behartig. Die eerste gedeelte het gefokus op die analise van die onderstel, terwyl die lugraam en die aerodinamiese effekte in die tweede gedeelte ondersoek is. Verskillende tipes terugvoerbeheer vir die outonome opstygprosedure is ondersoek om die mees geskikte tegniek te bepaal. Addisionele beheerders, wat deur die versnellingsbeheer gebaseerde opstygprosedure benodig word, is ontwerp. ’n Posisie gebaseerde kinematiese leidingsbeheerstruktuur om ’n groot persentasie van die vlugvermoë te benut, is ontwikkel. Terugvoer linearisering is toegepas om ’n lugspoedbeheerder , wat in staat is tot aggressiewe vlug, te ontwerp. ’n Dinamiese Volgingsnavigasie-algoritme wat in staat is om ’n bewegende grondvoorwerp te volg, is ontwikkel. Hierdie algoritme is geïmplementeer en bevestig deur nie-lineêre simulasie.