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Smith, Dominic Scott, of Western Sydney Nepean University, and School of Business. "The taxation of the offshore oil industry." THESIS_XXX_BUS_Smith_D.xml, 1990. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/390.
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Until recent years the proportion contributed to total government revenue by the petroleum industry has continued to increase. However, Australia's oil reserves are now diminishing as known fields are consumed, and exploration efforts have failed to locate new sources of petroleum. The oil industry has called for the relaxation of the government take in order to encourage exploration activity for the replacement of reserves. In an environment of low world prices and continuing high levels of taxation it has been submitted that the balance between taxation and exploration incentives has tipped against exploration activity. The broader economic consequences of lower self sufficiency are significant, particularly in terms of the current account deficit and economic security. The most contentious form of government revenue is secondary taxation. These taxes are levied in addition to company income tax. The present Federal Government has introduced a Petroleum Resource Rent Tax to ensure the community, as a whole, gains an equitable share from the diminution of the country's scarce natural resources. Government discussion on tax reform has concentrated on the most appropriate form of secondary taxation without first examining whether there is, in fact, a case for the imposition of any secondary taxes. This paper addresses the impact of the range of taxes which apply to the petroleum industry. Particular attention is given to the alternate forms of secondary taxation and their effect on the industry in terms of the commonly used criteria for evaluating taxes. These criteria are : equity; efficiency and simplicity. Using this framework the various taxes are analysed individually. Beyond the oil industry the thesis will examine the broader economic effects of petroleum taxation policy, and review the political environment that gives rise to Government policy. From a business perspective, it is in the interests of the oil industry to minimise taxation because of its inverse relationship with profitability. In the light of this objective analysis, the thesis aims to determine the most appropriate form and level of taxation for the petroleum industry in Australia.Master of Business (Taxation)
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Smith, Dominic. "The taxation of the offshore oil industry /." View thesis, 1990. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030707.092254/index.html.
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De, Rossi Valerio. "Health and safety management in the offshore oil industry." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2011. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/9061/.
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This work-based project is an investigation of the interaction between multicultural crews and safety management systems and the influences of this interaction on health and safety in the offshore oil Industry. This study has been carried out in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctorate of Professional Studies at the Institute of Work Based Learning, Middlesex University, London. The aim of this project is to minimise occupational casualties in the industry by exploring the social science paradigms of human action and cultural diversity, and it relies heavily on ethnographic methodologies. The qualitative data collection techniques chosen are structured observations, semistructured interviews, focus groups and a research diary. The key themes that emerged from the project highlighted the perception of high consequences/low probability risk among the working community. In this context, the cultural relativity of the hazard perception is an instrument used to maintain group solidarity. The group that emerged from this work-based research is culturally-biased according to a ‘way of life’ that characterises it, and predisposes it to adopt a particular view of society at work. The data collected and analysed in this ethnographic investigation establish the fact that cultural bias and shared values have influenced how safety is lived and, most importantly, seen and perceived by the workforce community. The concept of “cross-cultural safety consciousness” is proposed in this research, along with a conceptual model for a practical approach to safety based on its findings, with the aim being to reduce the number of incidents in the offshore oil industry. The project may have an international impact and relevance; professional organisations and maritime trade unions have displayed interest in the outcomes of this investigation.
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Sutherland, Karen. "Psychosocial factors : an investigation of the offshore oil industry." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386386.
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Acheampong, Theophilus. "Essays on North Sea oil and gas economics : offshore safety economics and third party access to infrastructure in the upstream oil and gas industry." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=232397.
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This thesis explores two themes on upstream oil and gas economics centred on offshore safety economics and third party access to infrastructure in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS). The first part involves work that explores the nexus between the offshore safety regime and safety outcomes. It contributes to the literature by explaining the post-Piper Alpha safety regime changes with regard to our understanding, framing of safety decision making and benchmarking of safety outcomes. The second part investigates third party access to infrastructure issues in the UKCS. It contributes to our understanding of how different third party access to infrastructure arrangements can be utilised to maximise economic recovery. Each chapter addresses fundamental issues of North Sea oil and gas operations through the application of microeconomic, operations research and econometric methods within a formal analytical framework. The results provide insights into decision-making complexities in the upstream oil and gas industry by guiding policy makers. Specifically, part one of this thesis looks at safety performance in the post-Piper Alpha era in the UKCS. It investigates ways through which a more comprehensive and theoretically informed framework can be used to understand the linkages that arise when dealing with safety regulations and their impacts on the offshore oil and gas industry. Our objective is to empirically ascertain the determinants of offshore hydrocarbon releases within the context of the post-Piper Alpha offshore safety regime regulations. This is done using an observed number of hydrocarbon releases linked to a population denominator data of the number of the installations present in the UKCS. Three research problems are examined: (1) the transmission mechanisms through which safety regulation influence firm and industry productivity; (2) the assessment methods utilised in measuring and benchmarking regulatory outcomes in terms of safety compliance; and (3) the extent to which safety policies contribute to enhancing safety levels in the oil and gas industry. We initially review the background and literature on offshore safety with a particular emphasis on the UKCS in Chapter 2. We also frame our research questions and underlying hypothesis here. In Chapter 3, we present our underlying empirical framework and model specifications followed by some descriptive analysis of the hydrocarbon releases data. The results of the various econometric model specifications are analysed in Chapter 4. The second part of the thesis explores how possible different ownership patterns (including access arrangements) might affect the economic viability of exploiting remaining resources in the UKCS. This section attempts to answer two critical questions namely how the impact of the separation of infrastructure and field ownership affect economic recovery and the impact of taxation on field and hub economics in a mature oil basin. We explore how possible different ownership structures and access arrangements might affect the economic viability of remaining UKCS reserves. We apply a mixed integer programming (MIP) model to field data from the Northern North Sea. Specifically, we examine how the unbundling of infrastructure and field ownership, as well as different cost sharing and tariff arrangements, affect the long-term economics of hubs and their user fields. Regarding the layout, Chapter 5 talks about access to infrastructure issues in the UKCS namely the regulatory framework for access and related legislation. It leads to the development of a conceptual framework and model based upon which extractions are made to capture the various potential market outcomes. In Chapter 6, the empirical model, which utilises the mixed integer programming approach, is discussed. The data sources and characterization, as well as the presentation of the results from the Baseline Model, are presented in Chapter 7. The analysis of the Tax Model and the Cost Sharing plus Tax Model including structure and simulated results with underlying assumptions are presented in Chapter 8. Finally, Chapter 9 leads to a thorough discussion of the results followed by conclusions and policy recommendations.
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Ibrahim, Nurain Hassan. "Information Sharing in Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Emergency Response." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521526.
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Carnegie, David. "First line supervisors in the offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/523.
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The offshore oil and gas industry has created significant wealth for the UK economy; approximately 250 billion Great British Pounds (GBP) since oil was discovered under the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS) of which approximately 70 billion GBP was paid in tax and royalties to the UK government. The industry currently employs about 35,000 individuals directly and supports many more jobs indirectly. In short, it is a very critical industry to the UK economy. But for all its contribution, there is a dearth of social science and management research into the how the offshore industry is managed. This thesis reports the background and findings of an investigation into the first level of the platform production management team and examines this role in terms of the personal characteristics and man-management skills required within this working environment. This thesis was the first study that attempted to investigate the non-technical characteristics of high performing supervisors. It examined the question of what makes an effective supervisor in terms of biodata, personality, job satisfaction and perceptions of the work environment. The transformational model of Bass and Avolio (1990) was also adapted to assess leadership style. A specially designed semistructured questionnaire was developed. The research sample comprised of one hundred first line supervisors (operators and contractors), their subordinates and their superiors on three North Sea platforms. It was hypothesised that effective offshore first line supervisors would have a distinct supervisory style compared to less effective ones. Other aims included assessing the differences between supervisors working on the UKCS and those on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS); and between supervisors working for contracting companies as opposed to operating companies. The key contributions of the thesis were in the following four areas; (i) the summary data that described the offshore first line supervisors, (ii) the findings from standard instruments, particularly the Bass leadership instrument, identified that supervisory effectiveness was dependent on the platform membership of the supervisor, (iii) the qualitative findings from the supervisory decision making vignettes and finally (iv) the platform differences that were elicited from both within the UK sector and between the North Sea sectors. For example, on one UK platform, UKI, the more effective supervisor displayed a more transactional leadership style, namely taking an active role in enforcing workplace standards. There was some evidence to suggest that dimensions of a transformational leadership style such as motivating subordinates through pep talks and depicting visions of a better workplace were positively correlated with performance. These findings were broadly consistent with the results of previous research. In contrast, the second UK platform, UK2, produced a different finding. This was surprising given the numerous physical and organisational characteristics that these two platforms had in common. The Norwegian platform sample was small (n= 19) and therefore correlational results were largely exploratory. Further differences were revealed through multi-variate analyses between all three platforms based on leadership, job satisfaction and biodata variables. This implies that `effectiveness' may be dependent on the platform membership of the supervisor. As an alternative explanation, these findings may suggest that the standard instruments and appraisal measures were not sensitive enough to differentiate performance within this work environment. The Bass and Avolio (1990) leadership model, in particular, produced contradictory findings and its usefulness in this context remains questionable. Qualitative evidence from the total sample of effective supervisory behaviours, using a behavioural event interview method, supported the quantitative findings from UK1 but broadly disagreed with the findings from UK2. Measuring supervisors performance without reference to objective indices remains a weakness for this style of research. The impact of these findings is discussed in the context of both practical recommendations for recruitment, selection and development for the supervisory population and future research into management research in the offshore oil and gas industry.
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Sutherland, V. J. "Stress and accidents in the offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383790.
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Roberts, Ruby Clyde. "Staying in the zone : offshore drillers' situation awareness." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=229394.
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Munton, Alexander J. "A study of the offshore petroleum negotiations between Australia, the U.N. and East Timor /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20080103.103318/index.html.
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O'Dea, Angela. "Site managers and safety leadership in the offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395145.
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Leadership is thought to be an important determinant of organisational culture and a key motivational influence affecting individual workers' behaviour. Until recently, very few studies have looked at safety as a criterion for measuring leadership effectiveness. This thesis examines the impact of managerial leadership at the site manager level, on the safety behaviours of employees. The focus is the UK offshore oil and gas industry, where the remote location of the worksite, and the close working and living conditions of managers and employees means that the impact of the site managers (Offshore Installation Managers), is likely to be strong. However it is contended that the findings also apply to other high reliability organisations such nuclear power generation, conventional power generation, and the maritime industry, who also have to contend with issues such as remote location, long working hours and extended periods away from home. And, similar to the offshore industry, the site manager is ultimately responsible for the health, safety and wellbeing of all those at the worksite. The aim of this thesis is to develop a unified theoretical and empirical model of the factors at site management level that predict employee safety behaviour. Three empirical studies are presented in which the attitudes of site managers, supervisors and employees from a single offshore operating company are explored. The first is a foundation study in which Offshore Installation Managers' (OIMs') attitudes to, and experience of, safety leadership in the offshore industry are examined, using a questionnaire survey. In the second study the attitudes of OIMs, supervisors and employees from six offshore installation are gathered, using questionnaire surveys. Mirrored scales are used to investigate (i) the degree of concurrence between the attitudes of the three levels (ii) the level which has the most impact on employees' behaviours, and (iii) the extent to which the factors are capable of predicting employees' safety behaviour. In the third study, a model of safety leadership is developed from the findings of the previous two studies.
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Ruas, José Augusto Gaspar 1980. "Dinâmica de concorrência na indústria parapetrolífera offshore : evolução mundial do setor de equipamentos subsea e o caso brasileiro." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285923.
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Orientador: Fernando SartiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A descoberta de petróleo na camada Pré-Sal brasileira trouxe novos desafios para o país, tanto em âmbito macroeconômico, quanto microeconômico e energético/ambiental. Estes desafios, por sua vez, conduzem a uma necessária reorganização de instituições e políticas para o desenvolvimento econômico nacional. No âmbito microeconômico, a compreensão dos determinantes da dinâmica de concorrência na indústria parapetrolífera é um dos elementos indispensáveis para construção de políticas de desenvolvimento industrial. Esta tese apresenta como a coevolução das trajetórias tecnológicas e de acumulação de capitais condicionam as dinâmicas de concorrência nos diversos e heterogêneos segmentos da indústria parapetrolífera. A análise destas trajetórias e de suas características aponta para a dinâmica de investimentos na indústria petrolífera e para as políticas de Estado como determinantes fundamentais em sua constituição. Estes fatores também determinam, em conjunto com as estratégias de empresas parapetrolíferas, o perfil da inserção setorial dos agentes líderes e a composição regional da produção desta indústria. Por sua vez, o perfil desta inserção, da formação dos grandes players, guarda relação direta com sua capacidade de acumular e participar ativamente nas redes de aprendizado e de constituição de projetos dominantes em cada segmento. A partir destes pontos de vista esta tese analisa a indústria de equipamentos subsea, um dos segmentos de maior destaque na indústria parapetrolífera brasileira, seja pelo elevado volume de encomendas no país, seja pela participação nacional no desenvolvimento tecnológico do setor. Em âmbito mundial, a emergência desta indústria está relacionada à evolução histórica e investimentos da indústria petrolífera offshore. Esta evolução conduz à formação redes para desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços, ao progressivo crescimento das possibilidades de acumulação nestes mercados e, especialmente nas últimas décadas, à internacionalização produtiva destes agentes. Este movimento condiciona um processo de concentração setorial, seja através de investimentos greenfield, seja através de fusões e aquisições, que progressivamente promove redução das possibilidades de entrada de novos players e condiciona as estratégias de desenvolvimento local. O Brasil, que esteve diretamente associado ao desenvolvimento histórico desta indústria, mesmo tendo atuação decisiva na formação dos projetos dominantes, grande volume de encomendas e capacidade produtiva construída desde a década de 1980, perde espaço na estrutura patrimonial no último ciclo da indústria. Ao contrário de outros países, não houve uma política de formação de grandes grupos nacionais no setor, permitindo uma atuação mais ativa na dinâmica de concorrência global recente. Essas características de sua formação histórica explicam as potencialidades e limitações deste conjunto de segmentos industriais para os próximos anos e indicam os quais os desafios para uma nova estratégia no setor
Abstract: The discovery of Brazilian's Pre-Salt brought up challenges to deal with forthcoming macroeconomic, microeconomic and environment/energetic new contexts. These challenges, on their turn, leads to necessary reorganizations of institutions and national development policies. At the microeconomic level, the understanding of oil supply industry competitive dynamics is a vital element in building new industry development policies. This thesis shows how the coevolution of technological and capital accumulation paths affects the competitive dynamics of numerous and heterogeneous oil supply industry segments. The analysis of those pathways and their features indicate oil industry investment and state policies as their vital determinants. These factors also determine, together with oil supply companies strategies, the leading supplier positioning and regional composition of industry production. On the other hand, firm positioning and the development of leading suppliers are related with their ability to accumulate capital and to become actively involved in learning networks and dominant design product development. The subsea equipment industry, a distinguished segment of Brazilian oil supply industry, is studied here based on this set of working premises. First of all, worldwide, the emergence of this industry can be related to the offshore oil industry investment history. This investment evolution explains equipment and services research and development networks emergence, possibilities of capital accumulation on those market segments and, especially in the past decade, to internationalization of companies and their production. These movements, on their turn, determines a process of sectorial concentration, carried out through greenfield investments, mergers and acquisitions. Finally, as a result of this concentration, higher entry barriers to newcomers and restricted scope of national policy instruments characterize current subsea biggest segments. Historically, Brazilian subsea industry played a great role in equipment and subsea operation technology development, and also had a large proportion of world market since 1980?s. Despite these features, Brazilian companies couldn?t play similar role in the last years. Unlike other pioneer countries, Brazil have not promoted its indigenous companies consolidation, especially during 1990?s and 2000?s industry internationalization process. This absence favored foreign groups, which enlarged their investment in Brazil since mid nineties. This process increased national production capacity and sectorial efficiency, but reduced national companies share in large segments. These features explains current Brazilian subsea industry strengths and weakness, and indicates which challenges need to be addressed in a Pre-Salt new sectorial strategy
Doutorado
Teoria Economica
Doutor em Ciências Econômicas
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Shapovalova, Daria. "The effectiveness of the international environmental legal framework in protecting the Arctic environment in light of offshore oil and gas development." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=236459.
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Arvanitis, D. "Collaboration and contract management in the context of offshore oil and gas contracts : an English law analysis." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/19174/.
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This thesis provides an English law analysis on collaboration and contract management in the context of offshore upstream oil and gas contracts in light of the Maximising Economic Recovery [hereinafter ‘MER’] Strategy. The predominant subject of the thesis is the impact on offshore contracting of the MER Strategy. The thesis firstly considers that the Strategy is not merely another statute to regulate the offshore sector – its impact is of paramount importance because it sets a comprehensive framework for the coming decades until the cessation of operations in the North Sea. The MER Strategy seeks to address the field ‘maturity’ in the North Sea, which causes high extraction costs and questions the current business and contracting model. Secondly, the thesis focuses on the contracting model and relationship among operators and contractors, i.e. oil and gas companies and the supply chain. This niche area of contract law has been in the spotlight of academics and practitioners for many years, and abundant literature exists focusing on so-called ‘risk allocation’ clauses. However, the thesis approaches the subject in an original manner: looking beyond the traditional legal standpoint, it introduces the element of ‘contract and commercial management’ and focuses on the potential of ‘collaboration’. It argues that these two elements are key to the future of offshore contracting in light of the MER Strategy. The explanation of where these two terms ‘sit’ from an academic, practical and taxonomic standpoint is not an easy task. Contract and commercial management is a management-based discipline that goes beyond certain limitations imposed on the role of contract, championed by ‘strict’ school of thoughts on contract law. It perceives the contract to be mainly a device of ‘problem solving’ rather than ‘failure management’. Collaboration is a notion with great potential for contracting in general – and offshore contracting in particular – which nevertheless brings with it substantial challenges that need to be addressed. Collaboration is a crucial concept in the MER Strategy, and the thesis seeks to ascertain its meaning both within and beyond the context of the Strategy. Most importantly, the thesis explores the legal meaning and ramifications of collaboration, since although it is not a legal term of art, it is ‘reflected’ on existing doctrinal notions.
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Peers, Sarah Matilde Catherine. "A knowledge base system approach to inspection scheduling for fixed offshore platforms." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10052054/.
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In the offshore oil and gas industry in the UK, one of the most common forms of structure is the fixed steel jacket type of offshore platform. These are highly redundant structures subject to many random or uncertain factors. In particular, they are subject to uncertainties in the load distribution through the components, and to time-varying and cyclic loads leading to deterioration through fatigue. Operators are required to ensure the integrity of these structures by carrying out periodic inspections and repairing when necessary. Decisions on inspection, repair and maintenance (IRM) actions on structures involves making use of various tools and can be a complex problem. Traditionally, engineering judgement is employed to schedule inspections and deterministic analyses are used to confirm decisions. The use of structural reliability methods may lead to more rational scheduling of IRM actions. Applying structural reliability analysis to the production of rational inspection strategies, however, requires understanding the inspection procedure and making use of the appropriate information on inspection techniques. There are difficulties in collecting input data and the interpreted results need to be combined to form a rational global solution for the structure which takes into account practical constraints. The development of a knowledge base system (KBS) for reliability based inspection scheduling (RISC) provides a way of making use of complex quantitative objective analyses for scheduling. This thesis describes the development of a demonstrator RISC KBS. The general problems of knowledge representation and scheduling are discussed and schemes from Artificial Intelligence are proposed. Additionally, a system for automated inspection is described and its role in IRM of platforms is considered. A RISC System integrating suitable databases with fatigue fracture mechanics based reliability analysis within a KBS framework will enable operators to develop rational IRM scheduling strategies.
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Gourlay, Douglas. "Industrial relations in the North Sea oil and gas industry 1965-1995." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/520.
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This thesis analyses the reasons why the system of industrial relations on the United Kingdom continental shelf is very different from that which prevails both onshore and on the Norwegian continental shelf, where the same technology is used to produce an identical product. The scopeo f the researche ncompassesth e relationships of the trade unions and the offshore companies, both Norwegian and British, where they concern employment and related matters such as accident prevention and those interventions which govermnents have made in response to particular events. In addition research papers and other reports which have a close bearing on the human resource management of offshore employees have received attention. British trade unions have failed to win full recognition offshore after "first oil" because the oil companies have been determined to exclude them and have exhibited a cohesivenesso f purposei n this respectt hrough their formidable employers' association, UKOOA. By comparison trade union efforts have lacked cohesion on account of internal disputes and the indeterminate position of the IUOOC within the trade union structure. Even the assistance of a friendly disposed government which persuaded the employers to permit recruitment visits offshore has had no effect on membership which remains derisory. Although the Norwegian LO recognised as early as 1975 that a new union for all offshore workers was necessary, the TUC has never shown the same realism. OILC seeks to cater for all UK offshore workers, but survives only as a small independent union outside the STUC. It arose spontaneously in 1989 as a crossunion group of workers who wanted a national offshore agreement but after initial support from the official trade unions was later abandoned by them. There have been some dramatic accidents offshore, none worse than Piper Alpha in 1988 with its 167 fatalities. This has concentrated attention on the maintenance of safe working environments and trade unions have sought, unsuccessfully, to win recognition from the employers by demanding representation on installation safety committees. As the oil industry now implements a programme of cost savings there have been accompanying assertions in some publications that the oil industry's commitment to accident prevention remains secondary to profitability, assertions this thesis finds groundless.
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Hussin, Mohamad Fahmi Bin. "Knowledge and skills retention in basic offshore safety and emergency training (B.O.E.S.E.T)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186645.
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This thesis investigates the retention of the knowledge and skills on the Basic Offshore Safety and Emergency Training (B.O.S.E.T) which is compulsory for offshore professionals. Another aim is to identify the effectiveness of the B.O.S.E.T course. To identify the knowledge retention, test questionnaires were sent out to 119 respondents, including both first time and refresher trainees of the training programme. The questionnaire revolves around topics on Offshore Safety and Induction, Sea Survival and Helicopter Underwater Egress training (H.U.E.T). The questionnaires, designed to quantify the retention rate, were repeatedly administered every two (2) months over a period of six (6) months. The research also used role-play scenarios to identify skills retention among 38 participants. Analysis of the test data suggests that both the knowledge and skills retentions depreciate with time. However, the depreciation rate for skills (24%) is less significant than that for the knowledge (27%). Following this, it was established that knowledge and skills retention are associated with logarithmic function. Interestingly, the complexity of knowledge retention also demonstrates exponential function characteristics. This research has verified that the knowledge retention rates for Fresher and Refresher trainees are similar. The research concludes that the current B.O.S.E.T refresher system is not sufficed to ensure B.O.S.E.T knowledge is sustained at an acceptable level; hence more effort is needed to enhance B.O.S.E.T knowledge retention. A web-based solution was among several solutions proposed to enhance retention of B.O.S.E.T knowledge and skills.
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Krüger, Tanja. ""Save face to make it safe" development of a model of social interaction and its application to safety interventions." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=179530.
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Safety leadership is emerging as a key factor in determining organisational safety performance at all levels of management (Zohar, 2002; 2004). This PhD addresses the relevance and challenges of conducting safety interventions in the workplace. It started out as an evaluation of a safety leadership course in the oil and gas industry, and moved on to conceptualise the underlying difficulties inherent in those conversations and the success factors that help supervisors and managers overcome these challenges. Study One and Study Two focused on attitudes and attitude changes in course participants with increasing focus on attitudes towards safety interventions. Utilising questionnaires designed according to the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1985) and Bandura’s concept of selfefficacy and analysing qualitative data, the studies showed that participants’ general safety attitudes, attitudes towards rules and procedures, control beliefs, intentions to perform safety interventions, general self-efficacy and self-efficacy to perform safety interventions would increase from before to after the course. Study Three and Study Four aimed to evaluate participants’ behavioural changes with regard to performing safety interventions. A behavioural rating tool and statistical analysis were utilised in the third study. Results obtained showed a skill gap in managers’ and supervisors’ ability to perform safety interventions 6-12 months after they had attended the course. This skill gap indicated that – despite acknowledgement of the importance of safety interventions and participants’ intentions to frequently perform safety interventions – people did not perform these conversations at the worksite as often as they had intended. Results also indicated that two particular communication strategies, the use of open ended questions and the creation of ‘what-if’ scenarios, were crucial for a positive safety conversation outcome. In the fourth study, discourse analysis techniques and the application of a derived framework on social interaction allowed for a further understanding of the success factors and challenges of safety interventions. Results obtained emphasised particular face keeping strategies that were associated with the successful performance of safety interventions. However, strategies which, once applied, would lead to the failure of a conversation could also be extracted. It could also be shown that the conversation ‘scheme’ that had been taught during the training course was not fit for purpose as it did not enable participants to successfully conduct safety interventions without upsetting their conversation partner.
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Gordon, Rachael P. E. "The contribution of human factors to accidents and near misses in the offshore oil and gas industry : development of a human factors investigation tool." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=191755.
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This thesis examines the methods used by high reliability industries to collect incident data regarding the human factors causes and uses this information to develop a tool for the investigation of accidents and incidents. The focus is the UK offshore oil gas industry, where attention to human behaviour in incident analysis has increased in importance with the reliability of technology. It is proposed that such analysis is also applicable to other high reliability organisations. Reviews of accident causation research, incident reporting and investigation systems, as well as safety climate studies, have provided the basis for three empirical studies. Two reporting forms and one investigation tool have been designed and tested in the offshore oil and gas industry. The first reporting form contains 11 open questions to be completed by the witnesses to incidents. The second reporting form contains 166 questions, which provide more cues for the users to describe the possible causes of the incident. The human factors investigation tool (HFIT) is a more complex method of collecting incident data and contains a total of 391 questions to aid investigators determine the contributing factors to the incident. This thesis provides some evidence that the two reporting forms and the investigation tool have improved the investigation of the human factors causes of incidents over and above the oil companies existing systems. This was accomplished by applying psychological theories and methods successfully used in other industries to develop the reporting and investigation system which focus mainly on the human and organisational causes of accidents. HFIT combines aspects from a number of investigation tools currently used in other industries, such as processes for investigation and causal codes. In addition, the question set of categories, elements, sub-elements and item codes has been developed as a computer programme which is a unique system for incident investigation. The system includes an original set of team working and safety culture questions based on current research in these areas.
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Fuglem, Mark. "Decision-making for offshore resource development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34246.pdf.
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Bryden, Robin N. "The organisational antecedents of individual safety behaviour in the U.K. offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=217644.
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This thesis sets out to identify the organisational antecedents of individual safety behaviour in the workplace, particularly rule violations. The research was set in the UK offshore oil and gas industry as an example of safety management in hazardous work environments. Study la is a review of incident reports collected over one year in a large UK offshore operating company (n=296). The database was examined using Tripod methodology (Groeneweg, 1996) to understand the relative importance of human factors causes within accident causal pathways. This revealed that unsafe acts, in particular procedural violations, were the most frequent immediate cause of accidents. This was followed by Study lb, a review of the company's safety-related internal audit findings and their remedial actions, which again showed the prevalence of human factors issues; whilst the remedial measures were largely addressing non-human factors issues. A problem with historical reports is their reliability; therefore Study 2 took a proactive approach to determine the frequency and type of rule breaking prevalent in the UK oil and gas industry. This was carried out through a questionnaire study on three locations, offshore and onshore (n=279). The instruments were drawn from existing rule breaking scales (HSE, 1995a; Mearns, Flin, Fleming, & Gordon, 1997), but further developed to test Lawton's (1998) violations taxonomy. This revealed a high prevalence of rule breaking, particularly Situational and Routine violations, which provided support for the violations taxonomy. Also, more frequent rule breaking was associated with a higher injury frequency among co-workers and more self-reported injuries. For a better understanding of these results, Study 3 developed and tested a model of the organisational antecedents of individual rule breaking behaviour. A questionnaire study was used, across 12 offshore locations (n=1414) using a combination of established instruments and scales developed specifically for this research. This revealed that the two independent variables, Organisational Features (Work pressure, Job Satisfaction, Safety Discussion and Satisfaction with Safety Management System Activities) and Social Safety Norms (Others Approval of Shortcuts and Relationship with Supervisor), were associated with self-reported rule breaking. However Organisational Features was more strongly associated with individual accident involvement and Social Safety Norms was a stronger predictor of violations. This study also revealed other aspects of rule-breaking behaviour, which has not been studied extensively in previous research. In particular, it highlighted the importance of job satisfaction and perception of one's colleagues attitudes to safety in predicting violations. This study also revealed that the relationship between rule breaking and some of its antecedents (Involvement, Work Pressure and Approval of Shortcuts) are better explained by non-linear relationships. For the Social Safety Norms variable, the direct influences on individual rule breaking were compared for senior management, site management, immediate supervisor and colleagues. This showed that colleagues' approval of shortcut taking was the strongest predictor of individual rule breaking. This was discussed in relation to Social Exchange theory (Blau, 1964) for Organisation Features, and to Social Influence theory (Latane, 1981) for Social Safety Norms. This however does not address the indirect organisational influences on individual behaviour. There is much speculation about the importance of senior managers in safety management (HSE, 1999; Flin et al, 2000) but little previous research specifically on their role. Study 4 was therefore based on appraisals of safety leadership and leadership style by subordinates (n=256) and self-reports (n=59), from the most senior managers in the company. This was done using instruments developed for this study and the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire of Transformational, Transactional and Passive Leadership styles (Bass & Avolio, 1995). This revealed that a charismatic leadership style, (Idealised Influence Behaviour) is associated with a stronger perceived commitment to safety; whilst managers with a more passive style (Laissez-Faire and Management by exception passive) were perceived more negatively. For a sub-sample, subordinate perceptions were correlated with safety performance data. This showed that the priority placed on safety was the strongest determinant of organisational safety performance, with those placing a higher priority on safety having a better safety performance. Overall, the evidence presented in this thesis highlights the organisational influences on committing violations and the importance of managing rule breaking to accident prevention. However, to achieve this requires a focus at the workgroup and leadership level, as well as the traditional management system and individual worker-focused approaches.
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Smith, N. J. "North Sea Oil and Gas, British Industry and the Offshore Supplies Office 1963 - 1993." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485654.
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The thesis reviews the opening conditions of the British economy and the evolution of offshore technology before examining the re~tions ofthe private sector and of government, particularly the formation, functions and operations ofthe Offshore Supplies Office. The 'The Full and Fair Opportunity' agreement with UKOOA and the role of 'UK content' and the sponsorship ofR & D in licence awards are considered. Relations With the USA, Norway and other European countries, as well as the European Commission are covered, including the ending ofthe Interest Relief Grant Scheme and the impact ofthe European Single Market. Case studies showing the performance ofBritish business in the contract drilling and drilling fluids market segments and of four companies, British Underwater Engineering, Expro International, Trafalgar House and the Wood Group illustrate key determinants of success or failure. ' After the tes~ing ofexplanatory propositions, a range of measures that might have improved British industrial performance is suggested.
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Feng, Hui. "Entering China: a strategy for ElectroMagnetic GeoServices as in the offshore oil exploration industry /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2004. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/3640.
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Debney, Jean Lindsay. "Engineered careers? : a study of women engineers in the offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433623.
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Plourde, André. "Modelling the economic implications of offshore oil : the case of Hibernia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25958.
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The development and production of Canadian offshore petroleum deposits raises three key sets of issues of interest to economists. First are questions relating to the impact of royalties and taxes on producer decisions, and hence on the level and efficiency of resource taxation. Other issues concern the impacts on the overall economy during both the construction and production phases. A third set of issues relates to the distribution of powers and resource revenues between federal and provincial governments, including the links between provincial resource revenues and equalization payments.
This thesis develops a numerically tractable economic model designed to examine these issues. At the model's core is a one-to-one relationship between development plans and production profiles. This property is exploited in simulating the behaviour of a price-taking, net-present-value-maximizing producer under conditions of certainty.
The model is linked with a macroeconometric model of the Canadian economy to study the potential consequences of Hibernia, a petroleum deposit located in the Eastern Canadian offshore region. This deposit was chosen for analysis because its size, location and low costs (relative to current world oil prices) combine to raise all of the issues listed above.
In most cases studied, producer responses to government policies result in the dissipation of less than five percent of the deposit's net present value to society. Although cases are identified where these responses have more serious consequences, the resulting dissipation of potential net benefits never exceeds 15 percent. The extension of specific forms of royalty and tax relief to the producer generally reduces the distortionary effects of government policies.
The simulated exploitation of Hibernia induces small but sympathetic changes in most macroeconomic variables. The net crowding-out effects on other industries are shown to be relatively small, and to be more prevalent during the construction period.
The results suggest that the larger share of the net benefits accruing to governments flows to the provincial treasury under three of the revenue-sharing systems modelled. However, Newfoundland and Labrador would lose a substantial portion of its Hibernia revenues under all of the equalization systems modelled.Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
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Jennings, Maureen. "An investigation of the current competence assessment of offshore installation managers : the lost components of underpinning knowledge and understanding." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237097.
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The Offshore Installation Manager (OIM) performs one of the most complex and critical roles within the UK offshore oil and gas industry. The OIM is responsible for the safety and well-being of all persons onboard and within 500m of the installation whilst operating within an isolated and hostile physical environment within the UK Continental Shelf . The persistence of major incidents in the industry highlights the importance of OIM competence in controlling emergencies, consequently the research aims to contribute to new knowledge by identifying the potential barriers that can prevent the effective competence assessment of an OIM in this situation. The research utilised Engeström's Expanded Activity Theory to establish the holistic socio-cultural environment within which the OIM operates during emergency response to establish the key documents relevant to the role and associated competence assessment. The documents were then analysed using a critical hermeneutic approach based on the work of Phillips and Brown (1993) to determine the potential barriers to effective competence assessment of the OIM in controlling emergencies. The research is interdisciplinary and aims to develop new knowledge within the domains of safety engineering and law. The output from the research will assist industry Duty Holders improve the competence assessment of their appointed OIMs and allow safety engineers to consider the probable competence of an OIM at a given point in time. The research has identified 8 potential barriers to the effective competence assessment of OIMs in controlling emergencies. These are associated with the multiple definitions of competence that exist; the predominance of competence assessment by observation; the lack of definitive competence requirements for trainers and assessors; the complexity in UK legislation and the interaction between UK Government departments; concerns associated with goal setting legislation when applied to competence assessment and the lack of statutory competence requirements for OIMs in controlling emergencies; the lack of ownership of OIM competence and competence assessment; and the lack of regulation and independent audit of the competence assessment process of OIMs in controlling emergencies.
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Martinez, Vazquez Elizabeth. "HSE-MS set up for a new organization in the Offshore Oil & Gas Industry." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16672/.
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The participation of a new Rosetti’s Nigerian subsidiary in a new business project for the most important Oil Company in Nigeria, requires the setting of a new HSE Management System (HSE-MS), which considers Nigerian legal requirements, different type of hazards, risks and opportunities as well to the employment of local personnel.
The purpose of this thesis is to identify, define and stablish the main requirements to consider in a new country when a new HSE-MS for an organization, which provides Engineering, Procurement and Construction services to the Offshore Oil & Gas Industry as Rosetti Marino Group, must to be implemented. This involves the identification of external and internal factors at specific conditions for understanding the context and needs of the HSE-MS organization to identify additional hazards and risks that under different conditions would be irrelevant or even not considered.
For that purpose, in this work are considered the International Standards ISO 45001 “Occupational health and safety management system” and ISO 14001 “Environmental management systems”, as well to IOGP Standards, contractual requirements and previously experience of Rosetti Marino in other countries in this field.
The set-up of the HSE-MS for three different countries (Kazakhstan, Mexico and Nigeria), will be compared to have a better understanding on how these internal and external factors could affect and change the planning and implementation of it.
In the case of Kazakhstan, it will be described the HSE-MS that is already implemented at Kazakhstan Caspian Offshore Industries LLP (KCOI), which is another Subsidiary of Rosetti’s Group. This to compare it with the ones to be implemented at Nigeria and the hypothetical case of Mexico.
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Kvam, Asgeir. "Detection of Stiction in Control Valves : an Algorithm for the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8973.
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Valve stiction is one of the largest stand-alone reasons for oscillatory behavior in process industry. It is reported by Siemens Oil and Gas that valve stiction is a problem that is hard and time consuming to detect at offshore production plants for oil and gas. As a result, Siemens Oil and Gas wants to develop an algorithm that detects stiction. The algorithm is thought to be a feature of the logging system of Siemens in the future. To better understand the problem and scope of stiction at a offshore oil and gas production plant, the effects of stiction is studied on a model of such a plant. The study shows that oscillations from stiction in the control valves of a first stage separator easily spread to downstream components such as the connected gas compressor. An algorithm that detects stiction from routine operating data is developed in this thesis. The method in base for the algorithm is chosen from a variety of methods for stiction detection. To choose a suitable method in base for the algorithm a brief survey of methods for detecting stiction is given. The algorithm output is a stiction index that indicate the presence of stiction in the data analyzed. The algorithm detects stiction in data from non-integrating processes with constant inputs and can be applied on data with a varying sample rate. Proper testing on real data from an offshore production plant remains to be done. The algorithm should also be improved to handle data containing noise. Two new ideas of detecting stiction in integrating processes are presented in the end of the thesis. The new ideas try to regain the hidden ellipses in the PV-OP plots from data with stiction from integrating processes. The first idea is to plot the OP data against time shifted PV data, while the second idea is to plot the OP data against high-pass filtered PV data. Both the ideas show promising results but need to be further developed and tested before they can be applied in a future application for stiction detection.
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Steward, Katherine Mary. "Technological communication and organisational learning : shared meaning and technology transfer in the offshore oil industry." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8561.
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Fleming, Mark Thomas. "Psychological aspects of risk and safety management in the UK offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311797.
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Whyte, David. "Power, ideology and the regulation of safety in the post-Piper Alpha offshore oil industry." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1999. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5020/.
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Pike, William J. "The development of the North Sea oil industry to 1989, with special reference to Scotland's contribution." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165711.
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This study comprises an analysis of the development of oil and gas in the Scottish sector of the North Sea and its impact on the Scottish economy between 1967 and 1989. It first examines the creation and extension of the power of the multinational oil companies. It discusses the decline of that power as nationalism in the Middle East forced the multinationals to make concessions. The result was a weakening of multinational firms which culminated in the movement to explore for oil in more stable areas. Subsequent OPEC activity drove the price of oil up and created an oil boom in the North Sea, lasting until the end of 1985. The high oil prices that triggered the oil boom in the North Sea had a tremendous impact on the British economy. Increasing oil import prices seemed likely to drive Britain to the brink of bankruptcy, if not into bankruptcy. Consequently, successive British governments adopted a policy of developing Britain's North Sea assets as rapidly as possible, to avert economic disaster. These two factors combined to create a window of opportunity for industry that lasted about ten years. It was expected that Scottish industry would benefit greatly from this unprecedented development. That it did not can be attributed to several reasons including, among others: the lack of abiity to adapt to the specifications of the oil and gas industry; the lack of government action to force greater Scottish content; the well developed, interlocking infrastructure of the major international petroleum suppliers, service companies and operators; and the lack of time to respond before the boom was over. The result of these negative factors was a Scottish content in Scottish Sector North Sea oil and gas development of less than twenty-five percent.
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Torgauten, Arve Olaf Alvik. "Classifying and Defining Operational and Organizational Aspects of Barriers for the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produksjons- og kvalitetsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22337.
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This masters thesis is written on the topic of barrier management, and specifically the human and organizational aspects in this field. The main objective of the thesis is to clarify the use of terms related to human and organizational aspects of barrier management. The thesis is re- stricted to major accident risks in the offshore oil and gas industry.There have in the later years been an increasing focus on the operational and organizational aspects of risk reduction. In addition to this focus, the Petroleum Safety Authority in Norway have stated that barriers are one of their most important areas of focus. There are however a large number of different definition sets and classification schemes for barriers and risk reduc- ing measures, both within the oil and gas industry, and in other industries. These definitions and classifications integrate to a varying extent human and organizational aspects of the risk reducing measures. There is also difficulties incorporating the human and organizational contributions into accident scenario modeling, both because of the lack of data on these aspects and the lack of modeling methods that are adaptable for the oil and gas industry.Some of the main differentiation between the definitions that are described in the thesis is the differentiation between what aspects that are a part of the barrier, and what aspects that influences the barrier. Here there are some definitions that operates with a wide scope of what constitutes a barrier, where human actions, rules, regulations, procedures and plans can be con- sidered barrier elements, while other definitions strictly limits the scope of barriers to only con- sider technical and physical elements as barriers. There is also differences in the way the barrier definitions are broken down into sub-definitions. Some of the most common elements are bar- rier elements, barrier systems, barrier functions, and of course barrier. Some definition sets also include influencing factors. Though correlation exists between the different barrier definitions, there are some significant differences, especially on the operational and organizational aspects.Some modeling methods, that incorporates or focuses on human and organizational aspects have been described and discussed. The main focus is on Human Reliability Analysis methods. This is a set of methods that have been developed and used in the nuclear power industry to model human actions. These models differentiates between human actions, performance shaping, or influencing, factors, and uses probabilities to model human error or failure. These modeling methods have not previously been used, to any great extent in the oil and gas indus- try, because of the challenges of adapting the data and models to the operations performed on an oil rig, from the operations on nuclear power plants. The other modeling methods that have been described and discussed are the use of Bayesian Belief Networks, the Functional Resonance Modeling Method and the System-Theoretic Accident Model and Process methodology. All of these have pros and cons for application for barrier models in the offshore oil and gas industry.Some of the definitions that was found and discussed in the literature survey, are applied to different major accident related scenarios, to examine the differences between these closer, in case scenarios. The cases that are used, are in different parts of an accident scenario. The first case is an maintenance operation, where the different steps in the operation are described. The second case is in relation to a drilling operation. Here the different elements in kick-detection is described. The last case is a hydro carbon leak scenario, where different safety measures are described. For these three cases, four different definitions, or classifications of barriers were applied. The comparison showed that most of the differences between the definitions were related to operational and organizational aspects of the procedures and measures.The findings in the thesis points towards that to focus on the function of the barriers are the best way of incorporating operational and organizational aspects of barrier management into modeling. This is opposed to a hardware focused barrier definition. A set of barrier definitions that is based on this function-oriented view is proposed. Also a framework to identify barriers, based on the new set of barrier definition is proposed. The proposed definitions are applied to the same cases as the definitions found in the literature survey, and the barrier identification framework is exemplified through the application on a hydro carbon leak scenario.The findings and the proposed definition are discussed, and some areas that are in need of future work are proposed.
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ARAUJO, PATRICIA BURLINI SOARES DE. "THE LIFE CYCLE CONCEPT IN WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE OIL AND GAS OFFSHORE EXPLORATION BRAZILIAN INDUSTRY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35025@1.
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A indústria do petróleo tem suas atividades interpretadas como incompatíveis com o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável. No entanto, o desenvolvimento da humanidade tem sido pautado no consumo de energia, grande parte fornecido por esta indústria. Atualmente face as recentes descobertas do pré sal, a nova fronteira exploratória no Brasil, é possível vislumbrar que o segmento de exploração se fará muito presente no país, assim como seus impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e suas toneladas de resíduo. A dissertação busca promover reflexão sobre o tema, tendo em vista análise de casos vivenciados pela indústria brasileira com a aplicação do conceito do ciclo de vida. A dissertação foi estruturada em capítulos que contextualizam tópicos necessários para um gerenciamento de resíduos eficiente tais quais o conceito de sustentabilidade e suas três dimensões, caracterização de resíduos, a precariedade da infraestrutura do país para destinação destes resíduos, assuntos regulatórios e a introdução ao conceito do ciclo de vida. A análise de alguns casos reais, com o base na teoria apresentada, corroborou para a conclusão de que a aplicação do conceito do ciclo de vida (CCV) ao gerenciamento dos resíduos traz o diferencial para redução a longo prazo desta poluição, por facilitar a análise de vários aspectos, desde a
infraestrutura necessária para o gerenciamento como questões legais e de logística, nas fases de geração, armazenagem, transporte, tratamento e disposição final. O CCV ainda promove um melhor entendimento do público em geral, órgão regulamentadores, empresas operadores e prestadoras de serviços e permite que as empresas no Brasil, estejam melhor preparadas para os desafios relacionados à poluição advinda da geração destes resíduos.Oil and gas (OeG) activities continue to grow across the globe. Some people view the OeG industry as focused on profits with little concern for the environment, opposed to the concept of sustainability. However, demand for petroleum products continued to increase, and OeG continue to be the most widely used fuels. As energy demand continues to grow, petroleum companies must find and produce increasing quantities of OeG. But doing so, requires more than merely ramping up production from traditional sources. As nearby, relatively easy-to-produce resources diminish, new sources and locations are being developed in Brazil. The recent discovery in the pre-salt layer demonstrates the significant potential found, representing a new exploratory frontier in the country. OeG exploration today require the simultaneous consideration of a variety of economic, social, political, and environmental concerns. Historically, many foreign-operators started to invest in Brazil after the government opened the sector to competition. Increased drilling activity in Brazil both results in an increased amount of waste generated and sent onshore, air emission and water discharges. Once generated, managing these wastes in a manner that protects health and the environment will be essential for limiting operators legal and financial liabilities, therefore operators will have to manage the waste properly and consistent with all relevant laws and regulations in order to overcome the challenges of the increase of activities in this dynamic industry.
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Ferreira, Doneivan Fernandes. "Anticipating impacts of financial assurance requirements for offshore decommissioning : a decision model for the oil industry." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287568.
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Orientador: Saul B. SuslickTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Hirst, Darren. "The role of environmental impact assessment in the management of the UK offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441538.
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Do, Carmo Da Silva Jose Lucas. "An objective approach to evaluate environmental management in the offshore oil industry in Timor Sea, East Timor." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3183.
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This research is undertaken as a new venture to explore potential environmental management approaches for the development of the oil industry in East Timor. Particular focus will be given to environmental legislations in order to assess the possible impacts and control of oil industry development in East Timor. The country has newly emerged in the past decade and is still heavily reliant on immediate development of oil resources in order to boost the country’s economic prospects. Environmental laws and regulation are, however, still in an embryonic stage. This research begins with a review of the Timor Sea environment, focusing on the natural resources of the region. This is followed by a review of the potential environmental impacts of the oil industry, as well as an assessment of the importance of Timor Sea habitats and the possible threats posed by the oil industry. Of course, oil industry development mostly takes place offshore therefore the second part of the study involved a pilot study to evaluate stakeholders’ views on the possible impacts of an oil refinery along the South Coast of Timor. Stakeholders were interviewed to gain insight into opinions on how the Timor Sea environment should be managed, and how a new country can raise the living standards of its people in equilibrium with the natural environment of the region. International and national environmental regulatory frameworks were reviewed, including numerous case studies from selected regions. Data collected from stakeholders was analysed, with multivariate and univariate statistical tests employed to assess the significance of differences in responses. Moreover SWOT analyses methods were employed to analyse different environmental frameworks and regulations discussed. The main discoveries of the study include: 1) Mangroves, shallow deep-water coral reefs, seagrass, intertidal shelter sediment and rock are of high value to the Timor Sea and South Coast. In terms of animal groups turtles, dugongs, cetaceans and seabirds are considered to be of high conservation importance, 2) As environmental data or information is limited secondary data was also sourced for this study, 3) Development of the oil industry poses possible threats to the marine environment in the Timor Sea region, although it is localised and transitory in nature, 4) Stakeholders suggested that development of the oil industry should go ahead, but environmental regulations should be in place, 5) Environmental regulations must be adequate and include essential legal components such as clear responsibility, flexible environmental permit system, as well as adequate sanctions for non-compliance and effective monitoring and enforcement processes. The bottom line conclusions of this study is that while economic development should go ahead, measures for environmental protection should also be in place.
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Wright, Alfiya. "Economics of CCS CO2-EOR and permanent CO2 sequestration in the UKCS." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=239233.
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Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology could help reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. So far, CCS has failed to attract government support in the UK due to high costs of implementation. The broad deployment of CO2-EOR could aid the development of CCS by providing additional revenue streams for investors. The success of the CO2- EOR in the United States has raised the question of whether this success could be replicated in the UKCS. This thesis answers these questions by introducing two distinct models, which analyse the similarities and differences between the two oil provinces from the subsurface and economic perspectives. The first model integrates into the economic framework the behaviour of oil and CO2 in a reservoir. The model is applied to an oil field in the North Sea. It analyses whether the screening criteria developed based on the onshore US experience to screen for oil field candidates for the CO2 would be suitable for the oil fields in the UKCS. The second model is a theoretical CO2-EOR with storage model, which analyses how the inclusion of permanent storage changes the economics of CO2-EOR. The CO2-EOR with storage model allows for an endogenous switching point between the CO2-EOR and the permanent CO2 storage phase depending on the various economic factors, such as oil prices, sequestration subsidies and fees, CO2 price, and oil and gas tax rates. The CO2-EOR with storage model shows different behaviour compared to the case without permanent storage. On the policy level, the main difference between the two countries revealed that the UK strongly focuses on cutting CO2 emissions while the U.S. on boosting domestic oil production. Therefore, the third study in this thesis investigates the net carbon footprint of the CO2-EOR activity in the North Sea.
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Bassi, Sérgio. "Otimização do uso de recursos críticos no desenvolvimento de campos de petróleo offshore." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3136/tde-05112018-105820/.
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O presente trabalho aborda a questão da interligação de poços de petróleo às plataformas de produção com a utilização de embarcações do tipo Pipe Laying Support Vessels (PLSVs). O objetivo do estudo é a maximização da curva de produção de óleo no período analisado, o que passa pelo melhor aproveitamento da frota de PLSVs contratada. São consideradas as especificidades da situação como, por exemplo, as restrições técnicas de cada embarcação para as atividades necessárias, a disponibilidade dos PLSVs, materiais para interligação e a já ocorrência da fase precedente, denominada completação. Considerando todo este conjunto de características do problema, desenvolveu-se uma formulação de Programação Linear Inteira Mista com pontos inovadores em relação à literatura, especialmente no que diz respeito ao incremento da curva de produção por conta da operação de poços injetores e ao declínio natural de poços produtores com o passar do tempo. Como os resultados obtidos nos testes da formulação matemática mostraram-se satisfatórios para pequenas instâncias, mas de alta complexidade computacional para um número grande de atividades, foram elaboradas duas versões de uma heurística construtiva adequada para a resolução de problemas de maior porte. Levando em consideração as mesmas características do problema que foram usadas na etapa de formulação matemática, puderam ser elaborados os algoritmos e suas devidas programações computacionais. A partir disso, foram realizados testes de pequeno porte para verificar a robustez dos algoritmos quanto aos seus comportamentos. Por fim, houve a comparação do caso completo, onde foram aplicadas as heurísticas, com o que ocorreu na situação real, tendo o resultado deste presente estudo apresentado um relevante ganho.This research presents a real case of connection of oil wells in subsea environment to the production platforms with the use of ships of the type PLSV - Pipe Laying Support Vessels. The objective of this study is to maximize the oil production curve in the horizon considered, which is due to the best exploitation of the outsourced fleet. Specificities of the situation are considered like, for example, technical constraints of each vessel for the required activities, the availability of the PLSVs, materials for connection and the end of the previous phase, called completion. Considering all this set of the problem characteristics, it was developed a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation with innovative aspects in relation to the literature, especially with respect to the increase of the production curve due to the operation of injector wells and to the natural decline of producer wells during their operation, in the course of time. As the results obtained in the tests of the mathematical formulation were satisfactory for small instances, but with a high computational time for a great number of activities, two suitable constructive heuristics were elaborated for the resolution of larger problems. Numerical experiments were conducted, in small scale, to verify the robustness of the algorithms. Next, the proposed methods were applied to a real case of an oil company and relevant gains were observed.
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Iwot, Isang A. "A comparison of coronary heart disease risk factor prevalence among offshore and onshore workers in the petroleum industry in Nigeria." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98214.
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Thesis (MFamMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.Background: Coronary heart disease is a global public health problem. Formerly considered rare in sub-Saharan Africa, evidence has shown that urbanization and the adoption of more affluent and sedentary lifestyle in subpopulations of this region, may result in increased prevalence. One such subpopulation is workers in the Nigerian petroleum industry and this study examines their risk factors for coronary heart disease. In addition the study compares the risk profile of onshore and offshore workers. Method: This is a descriptive cross sectional study undertaken to determine the level of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in two groups of male workers of the petroleum industry in Nigeria; the onshore and the offshore workers. Four hundred workers were randomnly selected and invited to participate, with a desired sample size of 234. The data was collected by using an electronic questionnaire to explore life style factors like exercise, diet, and smoking that predispose to this disease. Anthropometric indices included body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio. Biochemical tests included lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was also recorded. The prevalence of known hypertension and diabetes as well as the metabolic syndrome were determined. The questionnaire data was analysed and compared with the chi-square test using the software, Epi-info 2008 Windows Version 3.5.1 and the means of the continuous variables were determined and compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: 121 onshore and 110 offshore workers participated. Overall the cardiovascular risk profile of onshore versus offshore workers in the oil industry was worse. Onshore workers had increased waist circumference,; though there was no significant difference in the Waist-Hip Ratio, increased rates of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and hypertension and were less physically active. Dietary differences were less marked, but more beef and chicken were consumed by onshore while more fish was consumed by offshore workers. Conversely the offshore workers had a higher BMI and lower levels of protective HDL. Overall, in this population, the BMI and the umber of diabetics were higher and the HDL lower than the country figures. Conclusion The obesity profile of the two groups was comparable to that of the Western nations and could become worse. This also reflects the fact that within Nigeria there are sub-populations with cardio-metabolic profiles that depart significantly from the national average. This is most probably due to dietary factors and poor exercise habits and calls for intervention through health promotional activities
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nie beskikbaar
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Light, Christopher D. "Caspian Sea energy oil, politics and development in the Caspian Sea region." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1205.
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Gordon, Greg. "The legal management of risk in oil and gas operations upon the United Kingdom continental shelf." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231443.
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This thesis is concerned with the legal management of risk in oil and gas operations upon the United Kingdom Continental Shelf. The work focusses in particular upon geological risk, political risk and the regulatory and commercial risks pertaining to major accidents. Geological risk relates to the fact that generally, oil and gas is concealed within geological formations in the deep underground. Exploration activity is, as a result, both difficult and expensive. The thesis considers the extent to which the UK's chosen licensing system has struck an appropriate balance on who should bear the risk of failure of such operations. Political risk involves (on the one hand) the risks faced by investors in interacting with the state and (on the other) the risks faced by the state when designing its regulatory system. Investors are in a precarious position due to the high level of capital investment and long-term nature of oil and gas operations: they are therefore concerned to ensure stability and autonomy of operation. The state, on the other hand, is concerned that it is not taken advantage of by the (usually more knowledgeable) industry player when designing its regulatory system. The risk of major accident is reflected both in regulation of health, safety and the environment and in the contractual arrangements entered into by commercial entities in order to determine which party should bear ultimate liability in the event that an accident causes wide-spread loss. Having regard to the example of the law applied on the UK continental shelf, the thesis demonstrates that while risk can never be wholly removed from oil and gas operations, the law can be effectively used to mitigate risk and thereafter to facilitate he appropriate distribution of such residual levels of risk as remain.
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Dantas, Eva. "The development of knowledge networks in latecomer innovation systems : the case of PETROBRAS in the Brazilian offshore oil industry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426231.
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Martinovich, Tony. "Factors influencing the incidence rates of injuries and accidents among seafarers and rig workers providing support to the WA offshore oil and gas industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1084.
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The aim of this study was to identify, discuss and make recommendations regarding causal factors associated with injuries and accidents among seafarers and rig workers providing support to the WA offshore oil and gas industry. These incidents cause significant personal and economic burdens for employees, employers and the community in general.
A sample of 484 participants were recruited from a workforce of 9800 employees (approximately 5%). Participants were stratified into 2 cohorts; those who had suffered injury (286 – study group) and those who had not (198 - controls).
Data from the study group were stratified into oilrig workers and vessel seafarers. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that the injury incidence rate for the seafarers in the study group was significantly higher (mean 14.4 injuries) in the first quarter of each multi week work period ( "swing") (P=0.001), compared to means of 4.125 and 2.44 and 4 for the subsequent quarters. For the oil rig workers, the mean injury incidence rates across the four quarters remained similar.
It was recommended that a safety officer be assigned to each vessel to support workers for the 1st quarter of each swing. Implementation of this practice has been trialled in another study leading to a reduction in the number of incidents over a 12 month period (Brown, 2009). Other factors that influenced injury incidence rates were age and level of experience, with younger and less experienced workers being more injury prone. Encouraging older, experienced workers to mentor younger employees and to manage their workload according to their physical capabilities will be a useful intervention. The implementation of these recommendations will reduce the injury incidence rate of this unique cohort of employees thus reducing the economic burden of injuries and accidents to the employee, the employer and the community in general.
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Yardi, Chaitanya Narendra. "Design of regulated velocity flow assurance device for petroleum industry." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1527.
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The petroleum industry faces problems in transportation of crude petroleum be-
cause of the deposition of paraffins, hydrates and asphaltenes on the insides of the
pipeline. These are conventionally removed using either chemical inhibitors or mechani-
cal devices, called pigs, which travel through the pipeline and mechanically scrape away
the deposits. These pigs are propelled by the pipeline product itself and hence travel at
the same velocity as the product. Research has indicated that cleaning would be better
if the pigs are traveling at a relatively constant velocity of around 70% of the product
velocity.
This research utilizes the concept of regulating the bypass flow velocity in order to
maintain the pig velocity. The bypass flow is regulated by the control unit based on
the feedback from the turbine flowmeter, which monitors the bypass flow. A motorized
butterfly valve is used for actually controlling the bypass flow.
In addition to cleaning, the proposed pig utilizes on-board electronics like accelerom-
eter and pressure transducers to store the data gathered during the pig run. This data
can then be analyzed and the condition of the pipeline predicted.
Thus, this research addresses the problem of designing a pig to maintain a constant
velocity in order to achieve better cleaning. It also helps gather elementary data that
can be used to predict the internal conditions in the pipe.
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Mildwaters, Kenneth Charles. "Joint operating agreements : a consideration of legal aspects relevant to joint operating agreements used in Great Britain and Australia by participants thereto to regulate the joint undertaking of exploration for petroleum in offshore areas, with particular reference to their rights and duties." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1990. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5dcad35d-c9b3-4bc7-9f71-79e19ba06d80.
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This thesis examines the joint venture relationship in the context of the exploration phase of the development of an oil and gas field in Great Britain and Australia. It considers a number of issues relating to the relationship between the Participants of a typical Joint Operating Agreement within the legal regimes of Great Britain and Australia. Against this background the main issues addressed in this thesis are- 1. the nature of the joint venture?; 2. the relationship between the Participants inter se; and 3. the relationship between the Operator and the Participants. In addressing these issues the following questions are addressed: - (i) what is a joint venture?; (ii) is a joint venture a separate legal relationship?; (iii) how is a joint venture distinguished from a partnership?; (iv) what is the relationship between the participants inter se?; (v) what rights does a participant of a joint venture have in relation to the joint venture and the other participants of a joint venture?; (vi) what interest, contractural or proprietary, does a participant of a joint venture have in the joint venture and the property thereof?; vii) what duties does a participant of a joint venture have to the joint venture and the other participants of the joint venture?; and (viii) what is the legal position when a participant of a joint venture defaults in complying with its duties?
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Amaduobogha, Simon Warikiyei. "Adjustment to the international legal regime on regulation of accidental pollution from offshore petroleum operations." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/ae4dcc2f-8f04-4cee-946d-bc8a19b5c55c.
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Offshore petroleum exploration and production (E&P) activities are faced with both technical and environmental challenges. In spite of these challenges, offshore petroleum E&P are on the increase globally. These operations have not been accident free even with improved technology. Recent incidents like Montara blowout and Deepwater Horizon fire have more than ever before raised serious concerns about the safety of offshore oil and gas E&P. Key issues are the prevention of major hazards, emergency response and civil liability, and payment of compensation. These issues have greater implication when the impact is transboundary. There is a general consensus on the need to ensure safety of these operations globally. However, the international legal framework needed to achieve the objective is unresolved. Looking at the extant international instruments relating to marine pollution from offshore oil and gas activities, there is a clear absence of global treaty on safety of offshore operations, civil liability and compensation. While there is general consensus on the need for safety of offshore oil and gas operations globally, opinions are divided on the necessity for global treaties. This thesis looks at the extant international legal framework at both global and regional levels with a view to identifying gaps in provisions on safety, civil liability and compensation. The thesis finds that even in the post-Macondo era, there are no global treaties in relation to safety of offshore petroleum E&P to prevent accidental pollution, and to deal with issues of civil liability and compensation. Furthermore, most regional regimes have no specific provisions on accidental pollution from offshore operations and liability issues arising therefrom. The absence of provisions for civil liability, especially in cases of transboundary harm from offshore accidental pollution has created difficulty for affected nations and nationals. This thesis proffers suggestion for international regulation of offshore petroleum operations to prevent accidental pollution, improve emergency response and guarantee prompt settlement of liabilities and payment of compensation. Accordingly, an international legal framework involving three levels of legal regimes is recommended as an effective way of preventing accidental pollution from offshore petroleum operations to protect marine environment and also ensuring that liabilities that may arise in the event of a major hazard are adequately addressed.
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Karamanov, Anton. "Utilization of Horizontal-Axis Tidal Stream Turbines As a Main Power Supply System On Offshore Remote Oil&Gas Platforms." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263161.
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The master's thesis contains 97 pages, 29 tables, 33 figures and 43 sources of literature. The paper presents a study on increasing the efficiency of the power supply of remote offshore oil and gas facilities through the use of horizontal-axial tidal stream turbines. A general theoretical description of floating semi-submersible drilling rigs and a more detailed description of semi-submersible drilling unit 6000/200 type "Shelf" are presented. A theoretical description of various devices that transform the kinetic energy of water into electric power is also presented, and horizontal-axial tidal stream turbines are considered in more detail. The technical calculation for determining the parameters of turbines is carried out. The calculation was used for the case where one or several turbines are used. Economic analysis was carried out with different indicators, namely: the price of diesel fuel, the price of equipment, the load factor of hydro generators, the discount rate and the productivity of the drilling unit. An analysis of the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions was also carried out. Conclusions were presented on the effectiveness of the introduction of this method of energy supply.Magisteruppsatsen innehåller 97 sidor, 29 tabeller, 33 figurer och 43 litteraturkällor. I papperet presenteras en studie om att effektiviteten i kraftförsörjningen av avlägsna offshore olje- och gasanläggningar ökar genom användning av horisontella axiella tidvattenströmsturbiner. En generell teoretisk beskrivning av flytande halvdämpbara borriggar och en mer detaljerad beskrivning av semi-submersible borrningsenhet 6000/200 typ "Hylla" presenteras. En teoretisk beskrivning av olika anordningar som omvandlar den kinetiska energin hos vatten till elkraft presenteras också, och horisontella axiella tidvattenströmsturbiner behandlas mer detaljerat. Den tekniska beräkningen för att bestämma parametrarna för turbiner utförs. Beräkningen användes för det fall där en eller flera turbiner används. Ekonomisk analys utfördes med olika indikatorer, nämligen: priset på dieselbränsle, priset på utrustning, belastningsfaktorn för hydrageneratorer, diskonteringsräntan och borrningens produktivitet. En analys av minskningen av koldioxidutsläpp gjordes också. Slutsatser presenterades om effektiviteten av införandet av denna metod för energiförsörjning.
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Burns, Calvin George. "The role of trust in safety culture." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2004. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165707.
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A deficient safety culture has been implicated in a number of organisational accidents from a range of high hazard industries. Despite its implications for safety, many questions about safety culture remain unanswered. In order to contribute to the literature on this topic, this thesis set out to investigate the role of trust in safety culture. The oil and gas industry was chosen as the context for study due to the hazardous nature of its work, the industry’s focus on continuous improvement in safety performance and the interest shown by oil companies in participating in safety research. Leading models of safety culture have stressed the importance of trust in developing and maintaining patterns of safe behaviours at work. This thesis proposed a new model of safety culture based on dual attitudes about trust. This model states that explicit attitudes about trust are part of safety climate and that implicit attitudes about trust comprise some of the basic underlying assumptions that are the deepest level of safety culture. In order to test this model, this thesis developed a method to measure implicit attitudes about trust in an industrial setting. Using this method, two studies of dual attitudes about trust were conducted at different UK gas plants. In both of these studies, different patterns of results were found for measures of explicit and implicit attitudes about trust for workmates, supervisors and the plant leadership, respectively. These findings support the proposed model suggest that explicit and implicit attitudes about trust are separate constructs that may influence different types of safety behaviours. Positive relationships were found between measures of explicit attitudes about trust and self-report items about safety behaviours like reporting incidents and challenging unsafe acts. These findings were taken as a step toward validating the proposed model.
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Williamson, Paul E. "Managing technical advice for regulation : the case of petroleum exploration and production /." Canberra : University of Canberra, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20070820.123307/index.html.
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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Canberra, 2007.Thesis submitted to fulfil the requirements of the unit of Masters Thesis in Administration, and complete the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Administration, University of Canberra, July 2007. Bibliography: leaves 177-205.