Journal articles on the topic 'Office building stock'
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İNCEOĞLU, Zuhal, and Asena SOYLUK. "ANALYSIS OF OFFICE BUILDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF PLAN TYPES; EXAMPLE OF ANKARA ESKİŞEHİR ROAD REGION." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 22 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.22.04.
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Since the beginning of history, human beings have made great advances in technology. In the field of architecture, this movement has had reflections such as new construction and application techniques and the use of different materials. In parallel with this rapid progress in building and construction technology, solutions that meet the changing needs in architectural design have started to be offered. Aim: The aim of the research is to find out which plan type is the most preferred in terms of design in high-rise office buildings in Eskişehir road region, which attracts attention with its office building stock in Ankara, and to analyze the relationship of this plan type preference with the building's height and current value parameters. Method: Tracing method was used to find the ratio of plan types in the examined office buildings and to establish the relationship of these plan types with height and m2 current value. Then the obtained data were evaluated statistically and regression values were found by using regression analysis method. Results: In the 12 office structures examined in the study, open office (47%), mixed office (27%), closed (13%) and co-working offices (13%) were preferred, respectively. 66% of the multi-storey office buildings in the sample space of the research have a height of 100 m or more. Closed offices are the lowest value in terms of market value and mixed offices are the highest valued. Conclusion: It is understood that open-plan offices are preferred in the Ankara Eskişehir road region. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that these plan types, which are mostly used in office buildings, have a directly proportional relationship with the concept of current value per m2, but not with the height of the multi-storey building. In this respect, it is possible to say that architectural design decisions directly affect the real estate market of the country and this interaction has formed an important relationship with the country's economy by shaping the capital market.
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Martinopoulos, Georgios, Anna Serasidou, Panagiota Antoniadou, and Agis M. Papadopoulos. "Building Integrated Shading and Building Applied Photovoltaic System Assessment in the Energy Performance and Thermal Comfort of Office Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124670.
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Non-residential and more specifically office buildings are, nowadays, an integral part of the building stock and milestones of urban areas in most of the developed and developing countries all over the world. Compared to other building types, office buildings present some of the highest specific energy consumption rates. In the present study, a typical nine-story office is assessed for a number of different building integrated retrofitting measures. Measurements of indoor environmental conditions were used in order to validate the developed simulation model of the building in EnergyPlus. Then, a number of different building integration options for photovoltaic systems and shading options are examined, in order to evaluate the best option in terms of indoor air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption. The amount of electricity produced can meet 65% of the building’s annual electricity requirements, while the shading options can reduce energy requirements by as much as 33%. Although this in not a value that can be dismissed easily, it becomes clear that further—and more deeply aiming—measures are needed, if the building is to achieve near zero energy status.
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Zuo, Jian, Bo Xia, Qing Chen, Stephen Pullen, and Martin Skitmore. "GREEN BUILDING RATING FOR OFFICE BUILDINGS – LESSONS LEARNED." Journal of Green Building 11, no. 2 (March 2016): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.11.2.131.1.
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Office buildings constitute a significant proportion of the non-residential building stock. In recent years, various rating tools have been developed to foster green office building development. The Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) has developed the Green Star - Office rating tools for this purpose. There are an increasing number of stakeholders adopting these tools to showcase their efforts in sustainable development. This research focuses on the challenges and barriers in obtaining GBCA ratings in Australian Office buildings. To accomplish this, the scoring sheets from the rating of 264 certified office buildings were collected and critically analysed. The findings indicated that credits related to the attributes of innovation, ecology and energy are comparatively difficult to achieve. It was also found in this study that a large number of projects did not apply for the specific credits of refrigerant global warming potential, re-use of façade, topsoil and fill removal from site, and individual comfort control. This study provides a useful reference to both the property developer and the Green Building Council of Australia for green building developments in the future. In particular, the findings provide useful inputs to the development of the next generation of green building rating tools.
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Buschka, Michael, Julian Bischof, Christina Meier-Dotzler, and Werner Lang. "Developing non-residential building stock archetypes for LCI—a German case study of office and administration buildings." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 26, no. 9 (September 2021): 1735–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-01963-5.
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Abstract Purpose To accomplish the national and international climate goals, building renovation and optimisation of their energy and resource efficiency are essential. Thus, reliable information on the building stock (BS) is necessary. Most previous building typologies are focussing on residential buildings and the operational phase. This paper shows the development of a methodology for generating non-residential building (NRB) typologies for life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) of building constructions. Hereby, archetypes of office, administration and department (OAD) buildings are developed, exemplarily for the German NRB stock. The methodology can further be utilised for quantity surveying of urban material stocks, related recycling scenarios and waste management. Furthermore, the exemplarily generated archetypes provide necessary information for the estimation of realistic refurbishment scenarios. Methods Approaches for the development of NRB archetypes, the descriptions of associated building materials and the LCI of BS were analysed and integrated into a methodology. It provides a clear path on the classification in building usage categories and determination of relevant building parameters for conducting LCI studies. Its aim is the creation of NRB typologies, presenting construction materials and building geometry in a useful way for life-cycle assessments (LCA). To demonstrate the methodology’s usability, it is applied to a case study with the sample of 161 OAD buildings, provided by the German NRB database ENOB:dataNWG. In combination with relevant literature on BS archetypes and materials, a sample OAD building typology has been created. Results and discussion Minimum data requirements for conducting simplified LCI calculation of BSs were identified by analysing existing LCA methods, like the German BNB system. Important clusters for developing NRB archetypes were determined: building usage category, building construction types and building age. These data gaps between required information for simplified LCA studies and available information in ENOB:dataNWG were identified, and solutions for closing these data gaps were proposed and tested. Since building archetypes must reflect the overall BS, uncertainties were discussed. The ENOB:dataNWG database was not completed at the time this paper was written, so comprehensive uncertainty analyses are important next steps. Conclusions This methodology development forms the groundwork for creating LCI building typologies for simplified LCA studies. It shows practically how to deal with a BS database and illustrates which typical values can be chosen for closing data gaps. The methodology was tested on an exemplary sample of OAD buildings. Based on this case study, the methodology concept was proven useful for the generation of a NRB typology.
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J. Wilkinson, Sara. "Office building adaptation and the growing significance of environmental attributes." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 16, no. 4 (November 4, 2014): 252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-06-2014-0014.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigated the importance of environmental attributes for office building adaptation and whether the importance of environmental attributes for adaptation has changed over time from 1998-2008 to 2009-2011. With 1-2 per cent added to the total stock of buildings each year and the need to take action to mitigate the impacts of predicted climate change (IPCC, 2013), it is necessary to focus efforts on adaptation of existing buildings. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopted a quantitative approach, using a database of office building attributes and applying principal component analysis to ascertain the respective importance of various building attributes in adaptation. Using two databases; the first dating from 1998 to 2008 and comprising 5,290 adaptation events and the second covering the period 2009 to 2011 and comprising 1,272 adaptation events, a comparison of results was undertaken. Findings – The findings indicate the importance of some environmental attributes in building adaptation has changed and that legislation and changes market perceptions towards to promote built environment sustainability may be having a positive impact. The research demonstrates that different property attributes vary in importance over time and used existing buildings in an international city to confirm application to urban settlements elsewhere where existing buildings can be adapted to reduce the effect of climate change. Research limitations/implications – The databases are limited to Melbourne, Australia and to these specific points in time. It is possible that other cities are seeing changes in adaptation practices to accommodate increased awareness and the growing importance attributed to environmental issues; however, additional studies would be required to ascertain whether the level of importance was stronger or weaker than that found in Melbourne. Practical implications – The impacts of the mandatory The National Australian Built Environment Rating System energy rating tool and the Green Star voluntary tool provide actionable data for property stakeholders and the academic community. Policy-makers can see that building owners are integrating environmental attributes into their stock and that the market is shifting towards increased sustainability. This study uses real world data to feed the scholarship process, with real economic and commercial impacts. New buildings account for about 1-2 per cent of the total building stock annually and existing buildings must be adapted, and thus the questions of the success of voluntary or mandatory measures are essential to future environmental decision-making. Originality/value – This research reports on data covering all office building adaptation conducted from 1998 to 2011 in the Melbourne CBD. As such, it is a comprehensive analysis of all works undertaken and how the significance of different physical, social, economic and environmental attributes is changing over time.
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Gangolells, Casals, Ferré-Bigorra, Forcada, Macarulla, Gaspar, and Tejedor. "Energy Benchmarking of Existing Office Stock in Spain: Trends and Drivers." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 6356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226356.
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Buildings play a central role in the clean energy transition, which is why it is vital to understand how energy is consumed in this sector. Energy performance certificate databases are considered a key source of information on the characteristics of built building stock. Despite a growing portfolio of studies based on information from such databases, little is known about energy consumption in offices. This paper explores the modelled energy performance of existing offices in Spain, using data from 13,701 energy performance certificates collected by the Catalan Institute of Energy (ICAEN) in 2013–2018. Offices were found to consume between 202.66 and 212.10 kWhp/m2·year and were mostly ranked in classes C and D (~64%). Offices with E, F or G labels represent ~28% of the sample while A and B energy ratings are very scarce (~8%). Key drivers of energy consumption variation were found to be the office type, construction period, climate zone, renewable energy use, energy certification procedure and motivation for obtaining an energy performance certificate. Ownership was not found to affect average calculated energy consumption. The results will help policy makers to plan future energy conservation strategies.
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Chidiac, S. E., E. J. C. Catania, H. L. Perry, E. Morofsky, and S. Foo. "Computational tools for selecting energy conservation measures for retrofitting existing office buildings." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 40, no. 5 (May 2013): 445–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l2012-037.
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Existing buildings consume most of our non-transportation related energy and are a major contributor to the emission of greenhouse gases. Improving their energy efficiency by applying energy conservation measures (ECMs) remains a major challenge. This paper presents computational tools developed to screen office buildings for retrofit and to select specific ECMs for each building. This selection process accounts for climate, occupancy, building operation, heating and cooling systems, distribution systems, envelope properties, building geometry, and cost of ECMs. The tools screen the complete building set for optimal retrofit opportunities. The methodology adopted in developing the computational tools includes characterization of the office building stock into a manageable set of archetypes; simulation of building operation using specific occupancy characteristics and local climate data; development of energy prediction models for lights, equipment, pumps, fans, domestic hot water, chillers, and boilers; and application of present value analysis to evaluate the cost effectiveness of ECMs.
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Wilkinson, Sara J., Kimberley James, and Richard Reed. "Using building adaptation to deliver sustainability in Australia." Structural Survey 27, no. 1 (April 3, 2009): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800910941683.
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PurposeThis paper seeks to establish the rationale for existing office building adaptation within Melbourne, Australia, as the city strives to become carbon neutral by 2020. The problems faced by policy makers to determine which buildings have the optimum adaptation potential are to be identified and discussed.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts the approach of creating a database of all the buildings in the Melbourne CBD including details of physical, social, economic and technological attributes. This approach will determine whether relationships exist between attributes and the frequency of building adaptation or whether triggers to adaptation can be determined.FindingsThis research provided evidence that a much faster rate of office building adaptation is necessary to meet the targets already set for carbon neutrality. The findings demonstrate that a retrospective comprehensive examination of previous adaptation in the CBD is a unique and original approach to determining the building characteristics associated with adaptation and whether triggers can be identified based on previous practices. The implication is that a decision‐making tool should be developed to allow policy makers to target sectors of the office building stock to deliver carbon neutrality within the 2020 timeframe.Practical implicationsDrastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are required to mitigate global warming and climate change and all stakeholders should be looking at ways of reducing emissions from existing stock.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the existing body of knowledge by raising awareness of the way in which the adaptation of large amounts of existing stock can be fast tracked to mitigate the impact of climate change and warming associated with the built environment, and in addition it establishes a framework for a decision‐making tool for policy makers.
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Kim, Bumjoon, Yohei Yamaguchi, Shun Kimura, Yumei Ko, Kosuke Ikeda, and Yoshiyuki Shimoda. "Urban building energy modeling considering the heterogeneity of HVAC system stock: A case study on Japanese office building stock." Energy and Buildings 199 (September 2019): 547–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.07.022.
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Kim, Bumjoon, Yohei Yamaguchi, Shun Kimura, Yumei Ko, Kosuke Ikeda, and Yoshiyuki Shimoda. "Urban building energy modeling considering the heterogeneity of HVAC system stock: A case study on Japanese office building stock." Energy and Buildings 207 (January 2020): 109590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109590.
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Ji, Qunfeng, Yangbo Bi, Mehdi Makvandi, Qinli Deng, Xilin Zhou, and Chuancheng Li. "Modelling Building Stock Energy Consumption at the Urban Level from an Empirical Study." Buildings 12, no. 3 (March 21, 2022): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12030385.
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Quantifying the energy consumption of buildings is a complex and multi-scale task, with the entire process dependent on input data and urban surroundings. However, most urban energy models do not account for the urban environment. This paper employs a physical-based, bottom-up method to predict urban building operating energy consumption, using imported topography to consider shading effects on buildings. This method has proven to be feasible and aligned well with the benchmark. Research also suggests that commercial and transport buildings have the highest energy use intensity, significantly more than residential and office buildings. Specifically, cooling demands far outweigh heating demands for these building types. Therefore, buildings in the commercial and transportation sectors would receive greater consideration for energy efficiency and improvements to the cooling system would be a priority. Additionally, the method developed for predicting building energy demand at an urban scale can also be replicated in practice.
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Pomponi, Francesco, and Poorang A. E. Piroozfar. "Double skin façade (DSF) technologies for UK office refurbishments." Structural Survey 33, no. 4/5 (November 9, 2015): 372–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-04-2015-0025.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish how UK offices and double skin façade (DSF) technologies can be best matched for refurbishment purposes. Design/methodology/approach – This research uses a mixed methodology including primary and secondary data collection, analysis and interpolation through document analysis, comprehensive critical literature review, and case study approach. Findings – In total, 22 benchmarks have been developed to represent 75 per cent of the existing office stock in the UK. Through a comparison with 36 case studies of European buildings refurbished with DSFs, two benchmarks showed to be most suitable for a DSF refurbishment and most appropriate configurations for a successful DSF refurbishment have been identified. Findings have been also checked against a large sample of DSF buildings in the UK. Research limitations/implications – The benchmarks delivered in this study can be developed further into parametric models, where variations can be obtained by changing the parameters provided. A follow-up study can be designed to help define the exact share of existing stock represented by each benchmark and to foster research where a more typological or statistical approach might be intended. Practical implications – Findings from this research can be of practical use to academics and practitioners alike involved in research related to office refurbishments, DSFs, and the UK existing office stock. The design for this research can also be adapted to similar studies on its own or further developed to suit different contexts. Social implications – Improvements to existing buildings can preserve established communities, with a clear social advantage. Originality/value – This paper represents the first attempt to systemically shed light on how existing UK offices and DSF technologies can be best matched in refurbishments. The benchmarks developed, the DSF case studies, and guidelines for suitable DSF technologies in UK office refurbishments represent the original contribution of this research.
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Remøy, Hilde, and Theo J.M. van der Voordt. "Priorities in accommodating office user preferences: impact on office users decision to stay or go." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 16, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-09-2013-0029.
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Purpose – When current accommodation is unsatisfactory, office organisations consider relocating to new accommodation that optimally facilitates their main processes and supports image and financial yield. However, due to high vacancy levels, public opinion and governmental awareness oppose new office construction. Reusing existing buildings could be the egg of Columbus. This paper aims at answering the questions: which property characteristics are important push and pull factors for relocation? What does this mean for the decision: stay or go? Design/methodology/approach – A literature review of factors determining organisations' accommodation choices was conducted. Interviews were held with large-scale office organisations and creative organisations, discussing relocation drivers. Henceforth, a survey was held among creative organisations, collecting data about property characteristics important for their preferences. Finally, office user preferences were compared with characteristics of structurally vacant buildings. Findings – Traditional push factors like car accessibility, extension need, and location and building image remain important. Nowadays sustainability issues like reducing energy consumption and better public transportation accessibility are highly prioritised pull factors as well. Regarding the creative industries, bike- and public transportation accessibility, multi-tenancy, and ICT and meeting facilities are most important. Practical implications – Knowing office users' preferences is important to attract and retain stable tenants. If office space supply is highly aligned to end-users' demands and easily adaptable to changing needs, probably more organisations will decide to stay instead of go, leaving behind empty offices. Originality/value – This study combines data about push and pull factors with relocation decision-making, innovatively focussing on the creative industries. The data can be used to explore opportunities and risks of adaptive re-use of the existing building stock.
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YAMAGA, Toshitaka, and Yukihiro KADO. "A CASE WITH STOCK MANAGEMENT IN GOVERNMENT OFFICE BUILDING IN HOKKAIDO." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 13, no. 25 (2007): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.13.301.
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Kim, Hye-Jin, Do-Young Choi, and Donghyun Seo. "Development and Verification of Prototypical Office Buildings Models Using the National Building Energy Consumption Survey in Korea." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 3611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073611.
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In the early 2000s, the Korean government mandated the construction of only zero-energy residential buildings by 2025 and for non-residential buildings from 2030. Two decades since the start of building energy policy enforcement, Korean experts believe that it is time to evaluate its impact. However, few studies have systematically and extensively examined the energy consumption characteristics of the non-residential building stock. In this study, a framework development is implemented for defining non-residential prototypical office buildings based on Korea’s first large-scale non-residential building survey result from the Korea Energy Economics Institute (KEEI). Then, a detailed building energy model of the defined prototypical building is constructed to verify the model’s energy estimation against observed energy consumption. As an application of the model, a case study for energy policy evaluation utilizing the constructed prototypical building model is presented. Every researcher and county may have their own circumstances when gathering definition data. However, by using the best available representative data, this suggested framework may result in informed decisions regarding energy policy development and evaluation. In addition, the mitigation of greenhouse gases from buildings may be expedited.
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Bruhns, Harry. "Property Taxation Data for Nondomestic Buildings in England and Wales." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 27, no. 1 (February 2000): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/bst6.
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In this paper I will describe data provided by the UK Valuation Office (VO) for the national Non-Domestic Building Stock database developed for the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. The purpose of this database is to support policymaking for the conservation of fossil fuels and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The fact that the VO data cover floor areas, activities, building construction, and building services—all of which are liable to affect the use of fuels in buildings—make them specially valuable for this application. Several tables and charts derived from the VO data are presented, containing statistics on the nondomestic building stock of England and Wales. A review is then given of the very considerable research potential of such a large administrative data source as the VO databases. Some of the problems that arise in the use of those data are examined.
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Bernardo, Hermano, and Filipe Oliveira. "Estimation of Energy Savings Potential in Higher Education Buildings Supported by Energy Performance Benchmarking: A Case Study." Environments 5, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5080085.
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This paper presents results of work developed in the field of building energy benchmarking applied to the building stock of the Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Portugal, based on a thorough energy performance characterisation of each of its buildings. To address the benchmarking of the case study buildings, an energy efficiency ranking system was applied. Following an energy audit of each building, they were grouped in different typologies according to the main end-use activities developed: Pedagogic buildings, canteens, residential buildings and office buildings. Then, an energy usage indicator was used to establish a metric to rank the buildings of each typology according to their energy efficiency. The energy savings potential was also estimated, based on the reference building energy usage indicator for each typology, and considering two different scenarios, yielding potential savings between 10% and 34% in final energy consumption.
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Higgins, Andrew, Mike Syme, James McGregor, Leorey Marquez, and Seongwon Seo. "Forecasting uptake of retrofit packages in office building stock under government incentives." Energy Policy 65 (February 2014): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.041.
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Cirillo, A., and A. Scofone. "The retrofit of ‘70s office buildings curtain walls in London." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012154.
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Abstract The built environment accounts for 44% of UK emissions, of which 18% are from non-domestic buildings. Considering that a façade's performance accounts for more than 50% of the energy consumption of a building, the retrofit of a ‘70s curtain wall system is analysed along with common issues such as poor insulation, fire risk, air infiltration and absence of natural ventilation, all of which are known to affect both occupants’ comfort and energy demand negatively. The methodology includes thermal and energy analysis of the Euston tower, results from which are used to inform an analytical model representing a more extensive building stock. Orientation, occupation, window to wall ratio and floor heights are examined as the main factors influencing heat gains, and different passive design solutions are tested to reduce them. Combining these passive design strategies shows a reduction of cooling demand by up to 91% and overheating hours down to 0% from base case to best case, demonstrating how the retrofit of curtain walls in office buildings is essential to cut emissions, reducing energy demand and improving comfort and productivity.
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Simaku, Gjergji. "Albanian Building Stock Typology and Energy Building Code in Progress Towards National Calculation Methodology of Performance on Heating and Cooling." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p13-35.
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The expertise on building stock typology used openly available data from the Albanian statistical office. As the CENSUS was not especially designed for gathering data for the energetic evaluation of the building stock, some data were not available on the required level of detail. Estimations were necessary to extrapolate data to the existing stock. Technically, the study selected and described twenty representative categories of residential buildings typology for Albania. Were identified the level and the structure of final energy consumption at present and in the future by building age category, building type, climate zone, and energy end-use. Using an original template excel data sheet, were conducted the calculations of their thermal energy performance in three climate zones, designed standardized retrofit packages, calculated possible energy savings, and investment required by building type. The engineering principle of the Regulation in force, regarding to the legislative act of Energy Building Code in Albania, is beyond any doubt correct and carefully studied. The act is a rule book or the Regulation (energy building code - here The Code) which contains information that is sufficient to perform calculations of the different insulating layers for new construction after the year 2003. Also, the Regulation’s algorithms are still relevant in terms of calculation to provide Energy for heating demands in Albania. After 12 years, the Code remains the same and could provide either an optimal potential energy savings to the existing buildings, or an optimal cost-effective of building’s insulation without imposing a burden of high financial housing builders to multifamily prospective buyers. Based today Europe’s developments on Energy Performance of Buildings, the study is found relevant to provide a methodology for calculation of the energy performance in buildings (kWh/ m2a) based on volumetric coefficient heat losses (Gvt) for heating only, the existing indicator of the existing Code. The following study deals with the possibility of transposing the methodology used to the Code into an energy Performance based on minimum requirement for a new Regulation and/or EP Calculation Methodology based on efficient use of energy for heating and cooling purposes.
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Kim, Bumjoon, Yohei Yamaguchi, Shun Kimura, Yumei Ko, Kosuke Ikeda, and Yoshiyuki Shimoda. "Corrigendum to “Urban building energy modeling considering the heterogeneity of HVAC system stock: A case study on Japanese office building stock” [Energy & Buildings (2019) 547–561]." Energy and Buildings 207 (January 2020): 109589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109589.
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Li, Xinyi, Runming Yao, Qin Li, Yong Ding, and Baizhan Li. "An object-oriented energy benchmark for the evaluation of the office building stock." Utilities Policy 51 (April 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2018.01.008.
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Alves, Tatiana, Luiz Machado, Roberta Gonçalves de Souza, and Pieter de Wilde. "Assessing the energy saving potential of an existing high-rise office building stock." Energy and Buildings 173 (August 2018): 547–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.05.044.
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Aksamija, Ajla. "IMPACT OF RETROFITTING ENERGY-EFFICIENT DESIGN STRATEGIES ON ENERGY USE OF EXISTING COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LOW-IMPACT AND DEEP RETROFIT STRATEGIES." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 4 (November 2017): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.4.70.
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This article discusses energy-efficient retrofitting design strategies for commercial office buildings, and examines their effect on energy consumption. The objective of the research was to study how to integrate passive design strategies and energy-efficient building systems to improve building performance, and reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings in three different climate types (cold, mixed and hot climates). First, properties of existing buildings were analyzed based on national CBECS database to determine typical characteristics of office buildings located in Chicago, Baltimore and Phoenix, including size, building envelope treatment and building systems. Then, fourteen different prototypes were developed, varying the building shape and orientation to represent different building stock, and energy modeling was conducted to establish energy usage baseline. Multiple design considerations were investigated based on extensive energy simulations and modeling, where low-impact and deep retrofits were considered. Low-impact strategies included improvements to the building envelope, lighting systems and optimization of HVAC systems operation (without upgrading heating and cooling equipment). Deep energy retrofits also included improvements to building envelope and lighting, and considered changes and improvements to HVAC systems (specifically, integration of radiant systems). Energy modeling was conducted for all prototypes, and results were obtained for the baseline (current energy usage), and energy usage considering low-impact design strategies and deep retrofits. A total of 126 energy models was developed, simulated and analyzed, providing a dataset that captured energy usage for investigated scenarios. The comparative analysis of simulation results was used to determine how specific techniques lead to energy savings in different climate types, as well as for buildings of various shapes and orientations.
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Bruce, Toby, Jian Zuo, Raufdeen Rameezdeen, and Stephen Pullen. "Factors influencing the retrofitting of existing office buildings using Adelaide, South Australia as a case study." Structural Survey 33, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-05-2014-0019.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the barriers preventing investment in the re-use of low-grade multi-storey building stock in order to identify attributes that determine whether an existing building is suitable for retrofitting. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with key industry practitioners to investigate existing practices and barriers facing low-grade building retrofits and what “ideal” multi-storey building features represent a successful investment opportunity. Findings – The findings showed that tenant commitment is necessary before any project goes ahead and that there exist many barriers influencing the investment decision. These include: high levels of asbestos found in existing buildings; changes in the National Construction Code necessitating enhanced fire safety and disability access; heritage listing; lack of awareness; overestimation of costs involved on simple and effective energy efficiency upgrades and change in tenant demands towards modern and efficient open plan offices. Many low-grade structures are privately owned inherited assets where the owners lack the expertise and capital to undertake retrofitting effectively. Research limitations/implications – The study is focused on the Adelaide CBD in South Australia but the findings are relevant to other Australian cities. Practical implications – There is room in the market for more positive and influential schemes such as the Green Building Fund that encourage more energy efficiency upgrading of these buildings. Social implications – The greater occurrence of retrofitting and re-use of older buildings, rather than demolition and rebuilding, has advantages with regard to reducing the impact of buildings on the environment and promoting sustainability. Originality/value – The research has indicated certain features of older buildings which render them as suitable candidates for retrofitting and refurbishment.
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Ibraheem, Yahya, Poorang A. E. Piroozfar, Eric R. P. Farr, and Neil Ravenscroft. "Methodological evaluation of Integrated Façade Systems." International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation 38, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-02-2019-0016.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to test the robustness of energy performance of highly to fully glazed office buildings in hot and arid climates using the net energy figures. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a methodology to develop a base-case model for building energy simulation (BES) of highly to fully glazed office buildings followed by sensitivity analysis (linear regression model) to test the robustness of the results. Findings Net energy is best achieved on south, followed by southeast, and southwest façadesof the bulding; the increase in d/l ratio has a diverse effect, while there is a significant influence of glazing systems on the resultant net energy figures. Research limitations/implications The lack of experimental data for Integrated Façade System (IFS) with its various applications in the existing body of knowledge forms the main limitation of this research. Practical implications Findings can be of practical use to practitioners and academics to assist them as a decision tool when working on the energy performance of IFS. Social implications The research contributes to energy consumption reduction in office building stock at peak times, lowering the consequent energy shortage and blackouts for non-office buildings with clear positive social impacts. Originality/value Adopting a systemic approach in BES studies will help further the understanding on the impact of some phenomena and justify how the contributory parameters would behave when combined effects are under investigations.
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Lopes, Jorge Pedro, Rui Alexandre Oliveira, and Maria Isabel Abreu. "Estimating the built environment stock in Cape Verde." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 5 (June 17, 2019): 814–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-05-2018-0190.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the estimates of the value of the built environment stock in Cape Verde, a Sub-Saharan African country that is scattered through ten relatively small islands. Design/methodology/approach It applies the perpetual inventory method in a long series of construction investment data at 1980 and 2007 constant prices published by the Cape Verde’s National Statistics Office. Findings The results show that the capital-output ratio is similar to those in the advanced industrial countries. The high value of this indicator suggests that the country should shift its focus from building new investment projects to managing the considerable amount of built stock. Originality/value The main originality of the paper comes from the use of different data sets from the National Statistical Office to construct the indicators of the construction industry activity in a comprehensive way.
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Deepak, P., and Z. Anees Hussain. "Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB) using IoT and Smart Grid." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 3, no. 4 (September 27, 2015): 340–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2015.348.
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Current energy policy and climate mitigation goals require distinct reductions of the primary energy demand in the building sector. The existing building stock poses challenge since clear-cut technical and economical retrofit strategies for different types of existing buildings are still not established. The goal of the study is to identify such retrofit strategies to achieve optimal cost levels and to assess costs and benefits of nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB). Firstly building types are defined by covering single-family houses, multi-family houses, office buildings and school buildings. Secondly, a large set of generic energy efficiency measures are described, covering seven strategic fields, namely building envelope measures, heating and hot water supply technologies and fuel choice, ventilation and lighting systems, electricity and district heat mixes. This covers the usage of smart home appliances, eco-friendly building ventilation system. Thirdly, energy performance is calculated based on technical and physical characteristics and using building energy balance software. Fourthly, investment costs and life cycle costs are established based on unitary costs of building elements and building technologies. Cost-effectiveness is determined based on he net present value method which is compared to the annuity method for a couple of cases. The integration of smart grid and IoT(Internet of Things) is a new concept for conserving more.
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Shanyukevich, I. V., and Y. V. Guzarevich. "ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE THE PAYMENT FOR THE USE OF RESIDENCES IN HOSTELS AND RENTAL HOUSES AND APPROACHES TO DETERMINING ON THE EXAMPLE OF A BUILDING IN MINSK." Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part D. Economic and legal sciences, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2022-61-6-61-67.
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The article considers the housing stock of the Republic of Belarus and approaches to determining the payment for the use of residential premises in dormitory and rental-type residential premises due to their largest share in the structure of the housing stock. The comparison of the amount of income from the use of residential premises in a dormitory on the example of a building in Minsk and rental-type residential premises, taking into account the proposed project of reconstruction of the dormitory for a rental-type apartment building with an additional 6th floor superstructure and the preservation of office space on the ground floor. According to the results of the study, the relevant conclusions are drawn, in particular, the authors note: an increase in the rental housing stock since its formation in the structure of the housing stock, the effectiveness of the reconstruction of the dormitory building for a rental-type apartment building in terms of comparing income from fees for the use of premises, as well as the need to revise approaches when determining fees for the use of residential premises in dormitories and rental housing.
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Alnuaimi, Abdulla, and Sukumar Natarajan. "EXTREME COLD DISCOMFORT IN EXTREME HOT CLIMATES, A STUDY OF BUILDING OVERCOOLING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS IN QATAR." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 18, no. 2 (February 13, 2022): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53540/tjer.vol18iss2pp101-113.
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Indoor cold discomfort in Qatar due to “building overcooling” is increasing, as air-conditioning prevails, and global temperatures rise. Overcooling is not dependent only on the inappropriate design of cooling systems, but on “international” thermal comfort standards that are not customized for warm climates. International standards are unintentionally biased towards cooler climates and cultures, the application of which in warm climates result in colder indoor temperatures observed by building occupants and increased cooling energy demand. Overcooling is an over-expenditure of energy, resulting in uncomfortably cold indoor thermal conditions, and unnecessary carbon emissions. In this study, the analysis of field data from 6 office buildings in Doha in a range of indoor thermal conditions and investigation of overcooling on occupant comfort and building performance is conducted. The analysis uncovers over 35% of occupants state being uncomfortably cold and a consensus across the surveys highlight comfortable temperatures higher by 2°C from current setpoint temperatures. Greater occupant comfort and energy efficiency are found by increasing the indoor temperature setpoints investigated through thermal comfort analysis and energy simulation models. Around 50% decrease in occupant discomfort and a 15% decrease in cooling energy demand is found. Such an adjustment in Qatar would improve occupant comfort levels and reduce cooling energy demand throughout the existing office building stock.
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Caldenby, Claes. "“Utopias Are for Those Who Cannot Build”: The Structural Philosophy of the Swedish National Board of Building." Arts 7, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts7040073.
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Structuralism in architecture was a widespread international phenomenon in the post-war decades. It was an avant-garde architecture, in many cases even utopian. In contrast to this, the structural philosophy of the Swedish National Board of Building was outspokenly pragmatic. This article, based on documents and interviews with the architects involved, gives the background of the National Board’s interest in “the chronological dimension of architecture”. The National Board was the largest client in Sweden for design and building and experienced managers of a large building stock. In the mid-1960s, they developed, in cooperation with consultants, a “building box” for office buildings. They gladly showed a lack of interest or downright scepticism towards international structuralism: “Utopias are for those who cannot build”. Two of the main involved practices were A4 and ELLT, later merged into Coordinator architects, and from early on focused on an architecture of change. Two of their iconic projects from the late 1960s are the large office block Garnisonen and IBM Nordic Education Center. They are examples of a “consequence architecture”, very clearly “ideas based”. For a period around 1970 the pragmatic theory led to radical projects. “Dogmatic theorising was part of the game” as it was said about contemporary art.
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Antoniadou, Panagiota, Effrosyni Giama, and Agis Papadopoulos. "Analysis of environmental aspects affecting comfort in commercial buildings." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 3 (2018): 819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170921016a.
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Environmental aspects are of high priority for the identification and evaluation of the parameters that affect the design and construction of buildings. Their improvement in case of the existing European building stock while considering and maintaining the occupants? comfort sensation in high levels, is imperative for creating an environmental friendly building. The combination of those aspects can upgrade the indoor conditions leading to the creation of an appealing workspace where the well fair of the occupants is established. In this line of approach, an integrated evaluation of the indoor environmental parameters was conducted in office buildings, located in Thessaloniki, Greece, based on the occupants? comfort sensation. Main goal of the study is the determination of the existing correlations between the perceived comfort sensation and a variety of environmental parameters considered in building rating certification schemes. Those correlations can outline the weight of every aspect based on the occupants' view and also help the policy makers to accomplish the vision of an environmental sustainable, not only concerning the energy consumption but also the occupants, building.
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Ferrantelli, Andrea, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Energy Performance Certificate Classes Rating Methods Tested with Data: How Does the Application of Minimum Energy Performance Standards to Worst-Performing Buildings Affect Renovation Rates, Costs, Emissions, Energy Consumption?" Energies 15, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 7552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207552.
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Energy renovations of the building stock are a paramount objective of the European Union (EU) to combat climate change. A tool for renovation progress monitoring is energy performance certificate (EPC) labelling. The present study tested the effect of different EPC label classifications on a national database, which comprises ~25,000 EPC values from apartment buildings, detached houses, office buildings, and educational, commercial, and service buildings. Analysing the EPC classes labelling resulting from four different EU methods, we estimated the annual renovation rates, costs, energy savings, and CO2 emissions reduction that would affect the national building stock if each of them was adopted, to fulfil the European Climate Target Plan by the year 2033. The ISO 52003-1:2017 two-point and one-point methods determined a very uneven distribution of renovation rates, from 0.45% to ~9%. Conversely, the Directive 15% recently proposed in COM/2021/802 with uniform rates determined smaller differences and standard deviation, not pushing renovations above 3.70%, namely a rate that once fine-tuned can stimulate realistic, yet effective renovation campaigns. The major differences in renovation rates provided by the studied methods show the need for a harmonized strategy such as the Directive proposal to enable achievement of European targets.
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Kuivjõgi, Helena, Jarek Kurnitski, Aivar Uutar, and Martin Thalfeldt. "NZEB and market-based renovation case study of an existing office building." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124605002.
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The goal of decarbonizing the building stock in the EU requires a multi-fold increase of the current renovation rates. In Estonia, the non-residential building sector has had little or no public support to improve the energy efficiency. Therefore, it is essential to study the energy efficient and cost-optimal measures for non-residential building renovation to give guidance to real estate companies and other stakeholders about the renovation alternatives. Furthermore, crucial is to provide input to the government to develop the renovation grant and incentives for renovation. In this study, energy renovation measures and savings to improve the energy performance to NZEB level were identified in a large (16 990 m2 heated area) office building. For that purpose, energy use was measured, simulation model developed and calibrated, feasible and more comprehensive energy improvements and costs analysed. The improvement of lighting, AHU, heating, installation of a 69 kW PV system, and window replacement was needed to achieve the goal with a primary energy use of 163 kWh/m2. However, some of the applied measures had long payback times of 40-70 years and are not realistic to be implemented without renovation incentives.
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Dind, Aleksis, Sophie Lufkin, and Emmanuel Rey. "A Modular Timber Construction System for the Sustainable Vertical Extension of Office Buildings." Designs 2, no. 3 (August 8, 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2030030.
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Most European cities are facing urban densification issues. In this context, a solution to create usable spaces without additional pressure on land consists in the vertical extension of existing buildings. Given their abundance in the building stock, tertiary buildings offer an important potential. The paper introduces the Working Space project, which aims to develop an innovative, modular and prefabricated timber construction system adapted to the vertical extension of existing office buildings. The dimensions of the system can be adjusted to a great variety of structural grids and allows for any new typological organisation. Based on the principles of bioclimatic architecture, the extension’s envelope provides high-performance insulation, a smart management of passive solar gains, natural ventilation and free cooling, but also offers large surfaces dedicated to photovoltaic energy production and urban biodiversity. The system is made up of eco-friendly, local materials with very low environmental impact. The project’s outcomes are presented at a variety of scales, from urban design to construction details, as well as the outputs of an extensive life cycle assessment including the induced mobility impacts. Finally, the paper introduces a first application of this innovative architectural concept, which is currently being completed in Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Zygmunt, Marcin, and Marcin Piczulski. "Economic, environmental and social aspects of buildings’ refurbishment – a case study." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 27, no. 4 (January 10, 2019): 567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2018.27.4.52.
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The aim of the article is to presents the results of calculations regarding the: economic – based on the life cycle costing (LCC) approach, environmental – based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach and social aspects of modeled refurbishment of residential and non-residential stock of buildings. Particular emphasis was placed on the impact of energy efficiency of the modeled buildings on environmental aspects and the selection of renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The article presents an analysis of an area of energy cluster in terms of environmental aspects and a detailed analysis of an offi ce building using advanced energy simulations. The calculations for energy cluster was made using Polish energy certifi cate methodology (monthly calculations) while analysis of an office building was performed using dynamic hourly simulations with use of Energy Plus software. Performed analysis results in reaching energy efficiency scenarios for both cases according to meeting sustain development idea.
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Hardie, Mary, Shahed Khan, Angela O'Donnell, and Graham Miller. "The Efficacy of Waste Management Plans in Australian Commercial Construction Refurbishment Projects." Construction Economics and Building 7, no. 2 (November 23, 2012): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v7i2.2988.
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Renovation and refurbishment of the existingcommercial building stock is a growing area oftotal construction activity and a significantgenerator of waste sent to landfill in Australia. Awritten waste management plan (WMP) is awidespread regulatory requirement forcommercial office redevelopment projects. Thereis little evidence, however, that WMPs actuallyincrease the quantity of waste that is ultimatelydiverted from landfill. Some reports indicate anabsence of any formal verification or monitoringprocess by regulators to assess the efficacy ofthe plans. In order to gauge the extent of theproblem a survey was conducted of twenty fourconsultants and practitioners involved incommercial office building refurbishment projectsto determine the state of current practice withregard to WMPs and to elicit suggestions withregard to ways of making the process moreeffective. Considerable variation in commitmentto recycling policies was encountered indicatinga need to revisit waste minimisation practices ifthe environmental performance of refurbishmentprojects is to be improved.
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Prozuments, Aleksejs, Anatolijs Borodinecs, and Jurgis Zemitis. "Survey Based Evaluation of Indoor Environment in an Administrative Military Facility." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 27, no. 2 (November 5, 2020): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.27.2.26079.
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Military facilities feature distinctive requirements with regards to building technical and structural design, material use and indoor environmental conditions (IEC), as these buildings serve specific purpose and the personnel occupying the premises may wear uniform or protective clothing (administrative staff, special forces, training personnel etc.), that can greatly affect their satisfaction level with thermal comfort and productivity.
In order to acquire data on the actual indoor environment conditions and obtain a feedback from the occupying personnel on their satisfaction level with the IEC in an administrative military building situated in a special purpose military compound, a series of IAQ measurements (temperature, humidity, CO2 level) and a survey on indoor air quality and thermal comfort was conducted in different premises of the administrative office building. A total of 73 respondents occupying the building participated in the survey.
The results of the conducted survey revealed that there is a high degree of dissatisfaction with the IEC in military buildings, that is attributed to inadequate ventilation and overtemperature. That matched the collected indoor environmental quality (IEQ) data, forming a direct relationship between the poor energy efficiency and low satisfaction rate with IEC.
The study reiterates the need to address the poor current technical state of unclassified building stock, emphasizes the call for developing clear regulatory requirements for newly-constructed unclassified buildings and thorough feasibility assessment for renovation projects.
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Ascione, F., N. Bianco, O. Boettcher, T. Iovane, M. Mastellone, G. M. Mauro, and J. Muehle. "The Cost-Optimal Optimization of public buildings in cold and warm climates: two case-studies in Germany and Italy." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012044.
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Abstract Directive EU 844/2018, in the matter of energy performance of buildings and future goals of energy efficiency for the EU Member Countries, extends the standard of nearly zero-energy building goals to the existing building stock, with the mandatory aim of almost complete decarbonization of the whole sector within 2050, and thus a strong reduction of greenhouse gas pollution of about 80-95% compared to the levels of ’90s. In this frame, the present study purposes the multi-objective optimizations of two office buildings, located in Berlin (Germany, European backcountry, “Cfb” climate in the classification of Köppen and Geiger) and Naples (Italy, Mediterranean coast, “Csa” climate classification), with the aim of finding the best trade-off between two couples of contrasting targets, representative of private and public interests, respectively: minimization of indoor thermal discomfort and operational costs, and minimization of indoor thermal discomfort and environmental impact. In addition, an investment cost analysis is performed by optimizing operational costs and total construction costs. The explored and investigated energy conservation measures, to apply during the building retrofit, involve the main levers of energy efficiency, and thus the building envelope, and the active energy systems. The results underline that the cost-optimal energy measures to apply during the building refurbishments deeply differ based on the building usage, the intensity of required indoor comfort, and depending on the climatic peculiarities and building construction technologies.
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Pitarch, Ángel, María José Ruá, Lucía Reig, and Inés Arín. "Contribution of Roof Refurbishment to Urban Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 8111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198111.
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Achieving sustainable urban environments is a challenging goal—especially in existing cities with high percentages of old and obsolete buildings. This work analyzes the contribution of roof refurbishment to sustainability, considering that most roofs are currently underused. Many potential benefits of refurbishment can be achieved, such as the improvement of the energy performance of the buildings and the use of a wasted space for increasing green areas or for social purposes. In order to estimate the degree of the improvement, a vulnerable area in Castellón (east Spain) was selected as a case study. A thorough analysis of the residential building stock was undertaken. Using georeferenced information from the Cadastral Office we classified them according to typology, year of construction and roof type. Some refurbishment solutions were proposed and their applicability to the actual buildings was analyzed under different criteria. The theoretical benefits obtained in the neighborhood such as energy and carbon emissions savings were evaluated, together with the increase of green areas. Moreover, other social uses were suggested for neglected urban spaces in the area. Finally, a more accurate analysis was performed combining different solutions in a specific building, according to its particular characteristics.
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Forsythe, Perry, and Alireza Ahmadian Fard Fini. "Quantifying demolition fitout waste from Australian office buildings." Facilities 36, no. 11/12 (August 6, 2018): 600–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-11-2017-0114.
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Purpose The short life cycle replacement of fitout in modern high-rise office buildings represents an under-researched waste problem. This paper aims to quantify the amount of demolition waste from office strip-out including attention to waste streams going to landfill, reuse and recycling. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative waste data (by weight) were measured from 23 office fitout projects situated in “A” grade office building stock from the Sydney CBD. Waste streams were measured separately for landfill, reuse and recycled materials. Descriptive and clustering statistics are presented and analysed. Findings From a total of 9,167 tonnes office fitouts demolished, 5,042 tonnes are going to landfill. The main contributor to landfill stream is the mixed waste generated in a fast-track demolition process. This approach partly resulted from the office interiors lacking regularity and easy disassembly. Moreover, considerable variability is observed in the waste per area, the waste streams and the waste compositions. Also, it is noteworthy that the recycled waste stream considerably increases when there exist economically viable conversion facilities, as for metals, hard fills and plasterboards. Research limitations/implications The research is focused upon work practices that take place in Australia; therefore, generalisability is limited to situations that have similar characteristics. Future studies are needed to verify and extend the findings of this research. Practical implications A key area arising from the research findings is the need to design fitout with recycling and reuse in mind to divert more from landfill. This must explore and incorporate onsite demolition processes to ensure the design is well suited to commercially dominant processes in the overall demolition process, as well as attention to developing economies of scale and viability in re-sale markets for reused items. Originality/value Little empirical or quantitative research exists in the area of office fitout waste. This research provides entry to this area via quantifiable data that enables comparison, benchmarking and diagnostic ability that can be used to underpin strategic solutions and measurement of improvements.
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Ascione, Fabrizio, Nicola Bianco, Claudio De Stasio, Gerardo Maria Mauro, and Giuseppe Peter Vanoli. "A Methodology to Assess and Improve the Impact of Public Energy Policies for Retrofitting the Building Stock: Application to Italian Office Buildings." International Journal of Heat and Technology 34, S2 (October 31, 2016): S277—S286. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.34s213.
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Ascione, Fabrizio, Nicola Bianco, Claudio Stasio, Gerardo Mauro, and Giuseppe Vanoli. "A methodology to assess and improve the impact of public energy policies for retrofitting the building stock: application to Italian office buildings." International Journal of Heat and Technology 34, Special Issue 2 (October 30, 2016): S277—S286. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.34sp0213.
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Lisyuk, V. M., and O. O. Serov. "METHODS OF ENSURING THE FORMATION OF TARIFF POLICY IN THE MAINTENANCE OF THE HOUSE AND THE HOUSE TERRITORY MARKETS." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).196-202.
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The housing stock has been in poor condition for decades, but despite this, the authorities do not take any significant steps to improve the state of the industry. At the moment, many apartment owners encounter a lot of problems when creating condominiums. In order to maintain the full functioning of a residential building where residents are not interested in self-management, a mechanism for managing such types of buildings is necessary. Having analyzed the latest laws in the sphere of housing and communal services, we can conclude that, despite the issuance of laws, the legal way of their implementation is still absent. It is also worth noting that, in our opinion, the transfer of all communal ownership buildings to the ownership of the inhabitants will not give the desired result. The absence of qualified management companies can lead to even more depreciation of the housing stock, which at the moment is in a large proportion already in a worn condition. Lack of legal regulation of housing stock management by private management companies may lead to non-compliance with state standards in the field of repair and maintenance of residential engineering networks. This can lead to accidents, the consequences of which can be not only unpleasant for the inhabitants, but also life threatening. For example, untimely checking of the smoke and ventilation ducts in the building often leads to their litter and poor ventilation of living quarters, which can lead to carbon monoxide poisoning, gas equipment explosion, etc. Lack of rational institutional regulation of management companies can also lead to abuse of office, deception of residents and theft of personal funds. Legislation in its present form does not meet the requirements of the European state, the need for the development of market relations in local markets.
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Wadu Mesthrige, Jayantha. "An urban growth model of office property development." Facilities 32, no. 11/12 (August 4, 2014): 647–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2012-0024.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to estimate an empirical model for new office space development starts, based on the theoretical treatment of urban growth. The study introduces a new parameter, namely, office space-usage pattern, to the office space development equation and tests whether developers respond to non-price measures in deciding to commence new developments. Design/methodology/approach – The study first introduces a co-integration approach based on an error correction model to test for long-run relations and short-run dynamics of new office space development. A multivariate regression model is then introduced to identify significant determinants that influence office development starts. The study uses annual data over a time span of 30 years. Findings – Estimated results provide strong evidence that the newly introduced parameter exerts a positive impact on new office space development. It suggests that if the average floor space per employee changes by one percentage point, new office development starts would change by 1.5 percentage point, indicating even a marginal change in floor-space usage per employee (SPE) would have a significant impact on new office space development. Empirical estimates also suggest a strong response of office development starts to the lagged land supply and office space stock. Research limitations/implications – The paper raises the concern about the importance of non-price measures of the supply-side of the office market. There is scope to address the research questions using better data sets. It is also possible to model the supply adjustment process more dynamically in an error correction framework. Practical implications – The findings would suggest that non-price measures, such as space-usage pattern, need to be taken into account when planning and estimating future office space needs. This finding provides valuable insight for our current knowledge on factors affecting new office supply. Originality/value – This is the first study to introduce office floor space usage as a determinant of office development starts in an urban growth conceptual framework for the Hong Kong office market.
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Nasution, Hanif Rahman, and Susafa'ati Susafa'ati. "WEB-BASED OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY PROCUREMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AT BANK MANDIRI, CENTRAL JAKARTA." Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science 1, no. 7 (April 25, 2022): 750–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v1i7.105.
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The manual procurement system for office stationery and inventory that has been felt so far has many shortcomings and is less effective and more time consuming, so it is necessary to develop effective and efficient goods management activities by building a procurement management information system through a web-based application, the use of which can be automatically and more familiar or very easy for the user. So the purpose of this system is to make it easier for Bank Mandiri staff to systematically monitor the procurement of equipment and investments. Interview is a process of communication or interaction to collect as much information as possible by means of question and answer. The Information System for the Procurement of Office Stationery (ATK) and Inventory has a system that automates the internet network so that it is safer and creates efficiency. Controlled the stock of incoming and outgoing goods. Facilitate monitoring of procurement and inventory data for Office Stationery (ATK) and inventory for decision making in management.
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Jane Wilkinson, Sara. "How buildings learn." Facilities 32, no. 7/8 (April 28, 2014): 382–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-12-2012-0100.
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Purpose – This paper aims to study the adaptation of low grade commercial buildings for sustainability in Melbourne. Informed adaptation of existing stock is imperative because the challenge of attaining sustainable development in the 21st century will be won or lost in urban areas. Local authorities promote adaptation to reduce building related energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The City of Melbourne aims to retrofit 1,200 central business district (CBD) properties before 2020 as part of their carbon-neutral city strategy. Australian cities date from the early 1800s to the present day and the concepts of adaptation and evolution of buildings and suburbs is not as well-developed or entrenched as in other continents. As such, there is a pressing need for greater knowledge and awareness of what happens to buildings over time. Design/methodology/approach – This research examines all building adaptation from 1998 to 2008 within the Melbourne CBD. This paper concentrates on the question: what is the pattern of adaptation within low grade office buildings over time? Using the Melbourne CBD as a case study, the research analysed all commercial building adaptations in Melbourne. Here a range of office building types are selected and profiled to discover what happened to them during the period and to ascertain what may be learned as a result to inform future adaptation strategies and policies. Findings – Adaptation of existing buildings is vital to deliver the emission reductions required to transition to carbon-neutral urban settlements. In the short-term, it is opportune to capitalise on existing behaviour patterns in respect of adaptation and to “learn how buildings learn”, rather than seek to instigate major changes in behaviour. Research limitations/implications – The researcher acknowledges that the depth of analysis for each individual case does not attain levels achieved through a purely qualitative approach to data collection and that this is a limitation of this method of data collection. Practical implications – Examination of adaptation patterns showed that the events were similar regardless of age or location and typically involved multiple adaptations to separate areas within buildings such as office floors, lobbies and foyers. Such a pattern misses the opportunity to benefit from economies of scale or to incorporate more extensive adaptations to reduce environmental impact of the building as a whole. Social implications – The patterns of ownership and relatively short-term multiple tenancies compound the piecemeal approach to adaptations in this sector of the market. Moving forward, a more holistic approach is required to optimise adaptation and sustainability benefits and to minimise unnecessary waste. Originality/value – A real danger is that numerous adaptations over time which may seem “sustainable” within the context of the one adaptation may not be sustainable in the context of the entire building over the whole lifecycle or the city over the long–term, and this is a challenge we must attend to.
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Thorat, Mr Vaibhav, and Mr Samyak Parekar. "Pre Engineering Building as a Modern Era: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 1716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40955.
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Abstract: Now A Days the cost and time of construction is in more priority for the client with the large working area for various uses. For the economically and minimum loss of material, pre-engineered building system (PEBs) has many advantage, because it gives more column free space at low cost. Pre-engineered metal buildings are more reliable for various uses like complex industrial facilities, warehouses and distribution centres, stock-house, shopping malls, resort, motor court, office, cabin, service complex, aircraft-hanger, athletics and fun stadium, study places, temples, hospitals, and any types of industrial structures. In the pre-engineered metal building system, the rigid frame consists of slab.The performance of the models in terms of weight comparison, cost comparison and time comparison. In this study, an industrial structure (factory truss) is analysed and designed according to the Indian standards, IS 800-1984, IS 800-2007. The various loads like dead, live, wind, seismic and snow loads according as per IS codes are considered for the present work for relative study of Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) and Conventional Steel Building (CSB). To compare the consequences of the numerous parametric studies to perform the variations in terms of sheer force, support reaction, weight correlation and cost evaluation. Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) without bracings is done in two examples. Later Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) is analysed for Dynamic loads using El-Centro specified ground motion. STAAD Pro in accordance to British standards (BS 5950-1:2000) and Euro codes (EC3 EN-1993-1) with wind and seismic analysis. In order to achieve the above aim of the project, two models of the car showroom were created namely British Standard (BS) model and Euro code (EC) model using STAAD Pro. Keyword: Pre-engineered building (PEB), Conventional steel Building (CSB), Dynamic load, conventional structure, STAAD.pro software, Time History Analysis.
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Jakob, Martin, York Ostermeyer, Claudio Nägeli, and Christian Hofer. "Overcome data gaps to benchmark building stocks against climate targets related to the EU taxonomy and other decarbonisation initiatives." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1085, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1085/1/012042.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract National disclosure regulation is more and more flanked by stricter requirements of climate reporting. Industry stakeholders with more than 250 employees will for example be required to report on the share of their CAPEX and OPEX that is in line with the 2050 climate targets of the EU. Financial institutions are required to declare how much of their investment is in 2050 target compatible assets. Investment in buildings is an important part of such reporting and there is need of a robust approach and method to be used. The presented project developed such an approach. With reference to the work of the EU Technical Expert Group on Sustainable Finance and the Climate Bond Initiative (CBI), generally applicable criteria for buildings have been determined and calculated for the example of Switzerland. They are based on a best-in-class approach. While the EU Technical Taxonomy refers to the top 15% of buildings in terms of primary energy demand, CBI uses CO2-emissions as a benchmark. To compare the current state of buildings sector with these criteria, a distributional building stock model is used, which also addresses the fact that the data availability on energy efficiency and climate compatibility of the building stock is unsatisfactory in many European countries including Switzerland. To be easily applicable in practice, the criteria are mainly based on two dimensions: on the one hand, on the requirements of codes (in Switzerland the model regulations of the Cantons, MuKEn) and widely used standards and labels (Minergie, GEAK), and on the other hand, on the energy sources used for the generation of space heat and hot water. The study shows that ecologically sustainable, climate-compatible building financing can always be assumed in Switzerland if one of the following two criteria are met for new buildings: multi-family, office or other non-residential buildings according to Minergie from 1998 on, MuKEn from 2000 on or GEAK B that use heat-pumps, wood, pellets or solar energy. Or, any building with Minergie from 2009 on label, MuKEn 2014 or GEAK A that use heat pumps, wood, pellets, solar energy or district heating based on non-fossil energy. In the context of increased pressure on resources, it is important to acknowledge the climate-compatibility of older buildings as well (and to not only consider newly which would generate a bias towards resource intensive building of new houses).
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Lisyuk, V. M., and O. O. Serov. "PRACTICAL FORMATION OF THE PRICE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AN APARTMENT BUILDING." Economic innovations 19, no. 3(65) (December 19, 2017): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).88-94.
Full textAbstract:
The housing stock has been in poor condition for decades, but despite this, the authorities do not take any significant steps to improve the state of the industry. At the moment, many apartment owners encounter a lot of problems when creating condominiums. In order to maintain the full functioning of a residential building where residents are not interested in self-management, a mechanism for managing such types of buildings is necessary. Having analyzed the latest laws in the sphere of housing and communal services, we can conclude that, despite the issuance of laws, the legal way of their implementation is still absent. It is also worth noting that, in our opinion, the transfer of all communal ownership buildings to the ownership of the inhabitants will not give the desired result. The absence of qualified management companies can lead to even more depreciation of the housing stock, which at the moment is in a large proportion already in a worn condition. Lack of legal regulation of housing stock management by private management companies may lead to non-compliance with state standards in the field of repair and maintenance of residential engineering networks. This can lead to accidents, the consequences of which can be not only unpleasant for the inhabitants, but also life threatening. For example, untimely checking of the smoke and ventilation ducts in the building often leads to their litter and poor ventilation of living quarters, which can lead to carbon monoxide poisoning, gas equipment explosion, etc. Lack of rational institutional regulation of management companies can also lead to abuse of office, deception of residents and theft of personal funds. Legislation in its present form does not meet the requirements of the European state, the need for the development of market relations in local markets. A detailed analysis of legislative acts aimed at reforming housing and communal services was carried out. Regulations that need to be finalized by profile committees of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine are separated. The prices for management of communal dwelling houses, divided by their composition and with the indication of the necessary quantity, and the size of the price for management of a dwelling house divided by the structural parts of the proposed price, are structured.