Books: 'OFF-period'

1

Anwar, Dewi Fortuna, and Bridget Welsh. Democracy take-off?: The B.J. Habibie period. Jakarta, Indonesia: PT. Sinar Harapan Persada, 2013.

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2

Rigoletto, Trovatore, and Traviata: Verdi's middle period masterpieces on and off the stage. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 2009.

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3

Zhu, Chunyan. Xin shi qi xiao kang she hui jian gou li lun yan jiu: How to build a well-off society in a new period: a theoretical study. Beijing: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2017.

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4

Community, European Economic. Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters concerning the provisional application of the agreement between the European Economic Community and the government of the People's Republic of Angola on fishing off Angola for the period beginning on 3 May 1987 with text of the agreement and protocol establishing the fishing rights and financial contribution provided for in the agreement: Brussels, 25 September, 1987. London, England: H.M.S.O., 1989.

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5

Rogers, Barb. Instant Period Costume: How to Make Classic Costumes from Cast-Off Clothing. Meriwether Publishing, 2001.

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6

Grosskreutz, Leopoldo. Intermitting Fasting Guide : Tips to Fight off Hunger During the Fasting Period: The Types of Intermittent Fasting. Independently Published, 2021.

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7

Pascal, Pichonnaz. Ch.8 Set-off, Introduction to Chapter 8 of the PICC. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198702627.003.0163.

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Chapter 8 of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) deals with set-off. Set-off, also known as compensation, is generally defined as a mechanism by which two (or more) reciprocal obligations of an obligor (debtor) and an obligee (creditor) can be extinguished up to the level of the smaller amount if the requirements fixed by the applicable law are met. It is therefore an effective and simplified way of discharging a party's obligation, avoiding overlapping payments (‘circuity of payment’) or performances. Chapter 8 addresses the issue of set-off in five provisions: conditions of set-off, foreign currency set-off, set-off by notice, content of notice, and effect of set-off. It considers set-off in the case of assignment of rights, transfer of obligations, assignment of a contract, and when the obligation is affected by the limitation period.

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8

Toye, John. Development as take-off, 1950–75. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198723349.003.0007.

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As a student, Walt Whitman Rostow resolved to write a riposte to Marxism. After studying British economic history, he identified a period of thirty years of rapid development as the core of an industrial revolution, which he thought was characteristic of all subsequent industrial revolutions. He used this idea of a take-off period to forecast future revolutions in developing countries that would lead to an American-style consumerist society. After advising President Johnson on a strategy for the failed Vietnam war, he resumed his academic career in the face of much criticism of his theory. Alternative interpretations of the British experience was offered by Simon Kuznets, and of the Continental experience by Alexander Gerschenkron, while Raul Prebisch and Latin American colleagues produced the radically different dependency approach to explain the underdevelopment of that region.

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9

Markus, Müller-Chen. United Nations Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods (1974)—Full Text, Part I Substantive Provisions, Consequences of the Expiration of the Limitation Period, Article 25: [Consequences of the limitation; set-off]. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723264.003.0137.

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10

Cecilia M, Mairal, and Gayol Pablo. 2 Argentina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in Argentina by focusing on the relevant provisions of the Argentine Civil and Commercial Code (CC Code). Under the CC Code, set-off provides a means of cancelling or extinguishing an obligation. According to the Code, a set-off arises when two parties reach a mutual agreement to be creditor and debtor. The chapter first provides an overview of the main elements of set-off as stipulated in the CC Code before explaining the specific set-off provisions that are applicable in an insolvency case. In particular, it examines statutory set-off and contractual set-off, set-off against insolvent parties, set-off provisions for the case of reorganization and bankruptcy under the Argentine Bankruptcy Law, and set-off during the ‘suspect’ or ‘look-back’ period. Finally, it analyses set-off provisions governing cross-border transactions.

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11

Robert, Wintgen. Ch.10 Limitation periods, Art.10.10. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198702627.003.0210.

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This commentary analyses Article 10.10 of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) concerning the right of set-off with regard to limitation periods. Under Art 10.10, the obligee is entitled to exercise the right of set-off until the obligor has asserted the expiration of the limitation period. At first glance, the provision seems to be a logical consequence of the principle that the time-barred right is not extinguished and that it can still be relied on as a defence. In most major legal systems, however, payment by means of set-off with a time-barred claim is only possible under certain circumstances. In order to prevent the use of time-barred claims for the purpose of set-off, the burden of proof with regard to payment of these claims is on the obligee once the limitation period has expired.

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12

Olivier, Hubert. 14 France. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0014.

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This chapter examines the law of set-off in France and how the country's bankruptcy law may affect the effectiveness of set-off. In France, set-off has been reaffirmed by specific rules regarding the netting of derivative products or by the EU Directive on Financial Collateral Arrangements (Collateral Directive). Other laws with relevant provisions for set-off include the French Civil Code and the French Monetary and Financial Code. The chapter first provides an overview of set-off between solvent parties, focusing on legal set-off, contractual set-off, enhanced set-off of financial obligations, cash-pooling arrangements, and security interests. It then considers set-off against insolvent parties, taking into account issues relating to automatic stay, fraudulent transfers/suspect period, and set-off of financial obligations after opening of an insolvency procedure. It also discusses the key set-off provisions of the Collateral Directive before concluding with an analysis of the law applicable to set-off in a cross-border context.

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13

Willem (Pim), Rank, and Silverentand Larissa. 22 The Netherlands. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0022.

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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in the Netherlands. Under Dutch law, set-off operates as a mechanism for discharging claims. It allows a debtor to discharge his claim by reducing or extinguishing his creditor's claim by the amount of his cross-claim. There is no special regime for set-off clauses in finance documentation in the Netherlands. The chapter first provides an overview of set-off between solvent parties, focusing on statutory set-off, contractual set-off, and current account set-off. It then considers set-off against insolvent parties, taking into account the cooling-off period in bankruptcy, before turning to the so-called actio pauliana. It also explains specific provisions of the EU Collateral Directive aimed at protecting close-out netting provisions in a financial collateral arrangement. Finally, it analyses set-off in recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms, along with issues arising in cross-border set-off.

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14

Pablo, Perezalonso. 21 Mexico. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0021.

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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in Mexico. Under Mexican law, the right of set-off is a form of payment of obligations by which cross-claims may be extinguished up to the amount of the smaller claim. Set-off is not treated as a security interest in Mexico. In order for a set-off to be valid, it is not necessary to satisfy the formal requirements for security interests including executing specific security agreements such as security trusts, pledges, or mortgages. The chapter first considers set-off between solvent parties, focusing on automatic set-off and contractual set-off, before analysing set-off against insolvent parties. In particular, it examines the relevant provisions of the Bankruptcy Law with respect to outstanding obligations resulting from financial derivatives, reportos, and securities lending transactions, along with the retroactivity period for such transactions. Finally, it looks at set-off issues in a cross-border context.

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15

Diplomat's Wife in Mexico: Letters from the American Embassy at Mexico City, Covering the Dramatic Period Between October 8Th, 1913, and the Breaking off of Diplomatic Relations on April 23Rd, 1914, Together with an Account of the Occupation of Vera Cru. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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16

Diplomat's Wife in Mexico: Letters from the American Embassy at Mexico City, Covering the Dramatic Period Between October 8Th, 1913, and the Breaking off of Diplomatic Relations on April 23Rd, 1914, Together with an Account of the Occupation of Vera Cru. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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17

Staff, European Economic Community, and Senegal Staff. Protocol Establishing the Fishing Rights and Financial Compensation Provided for in the Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the Government of the Republic of Senegal on Fishing off the Coast of Senegal for the Period from 1 October 1986 to 28 February 1988, Dakar, 9 October 1987. Stationery Office, The, 1988.

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18

Staff, Mauritania, and European Economic Community Staff. Agreement in the Form of an Exchamnge of Letters Concerning the Provisionial Application of the Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the Islamic Republic of Mauritania on Fishing off the Coasr of Mauritania, for the Period 1 July 1987 to 30 June 1990: Brussels, 14 June 1988. Stationery Office, The, 1989.

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19

Lameire, Norbert. Prevention of acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0225_update_001.

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This chapter describes the most important non-pharmacologic interventions in the prevention of acute kidney injury. Specific for bypass surgery is the choice between on- versus off-pump surgery in coronary artery bypass grafting. Other interventions include optimization and maintenance of oxygen delivery and of cardiovascular haemodynamics; careful selection of fluid therapy, particularly in septic shock and the postoperative period; possible application of preoperative remote ischaemic preconditioning; maintaining euglycaemia, and application of lung-protective artificial ventilation.

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20

Claussen, Martin, Anne Dallmeyer, and Jürgen Bader. Theory and Modeling of the African Humid Period and the Green Sahara. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.532.

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There is ample evidence from palaeobotanic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions that during early and mid-Holocene between some 11,700 years (in some regions, a few thousand years earlier) and some 4200 years ago, subtropical North Africa was much more humid and greener than today. This African Humid Period (AHP) was triggered by changes in the orbital forcing, with the climatic precession as the dominant pacemaker. Climate system modeling in the 1990s revealed that orbital forcing alone cannot explain the large changes in the North African summer monsoon and subsequent ecosystem changes in the Sahara. Feedbacks between atmosphere, land surface, and ocean were shown to strongly amplify monsoon and vegetation changes. Forcing and feedbacks have caused changes far larger in amplitude and extent than experienced today in the Sahara and Sahel. Most, if not all, climate system models, however, tend to underestimate the amplitude of past African monsoon changes and the extent of the land-surface changes in the Sahara. Hence, it seems plausible that some feedback processes are not properly described, or are even missing, in the climate system models.Perhaps even more challenging than explaining the existence of the AHP and the Green Sahara is the interpretation of data that reveal an abrupt termination of the last AHP. Based on climate system modeling and theoretical considerations in the late 1990s, it was proposed that the AHP could have ended, and the Sahara could have expanded, within just a few centuries—that is, much faster than orbital forcing. In 2000, paleo records of terrestrial dust deposition off Mauritania seemingly corroborated the prediction of an abrupt termination. However, with the uncovering of more paleo data, considerable controversy has arisen over the geological evidence of abrupt climate and ecosystem changes. Some records clearly show abrupt changes in some climate and terrestrial parameters, while others do not. Also, climate system modeling provides an ambiguous picture.The prediction of abrupt climate and ecosystem changes at the end of the AHP is hampered by limitations implicit in the climate system. Because of the ubiquitous climate variability, it is extremely unlikely that individual paleo records and model simulations completely match. They could do so in a statistical sense, that is, if the statistics of a large ensemble of paleo data and of model simulations converge. Likewise, the interpretation regarding the strength of terrestrial feedback from individual records is elusive. Plant diversity, rarely captured in climate system models, can obliterate any abrupt shift between green and desert state. Hence, the strength of climate—vegetation feedback is probably not a universal property of a certain region but depends on the vegetation composition, which can change with time. Because of spatial heterogeneity of the African landscape and the African monsoon circulation, abrupt changes can occur in several, but not all, regions at different times during the transition from the humid mid-Holocene climate to the present-day more arid climate. Abrupt changes in one region can be induced by abrupt changes in other regions, a process sometimes referred to as “induced tipping.” The African monsoon system seems to be prone to fast and potentially abrupt changes, which to understand and to predict remains one of the grand challenges in African climate science.

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21

Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America. Cornell University Press, 2000.

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22

Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America. Cornell Univ Pr, 2000.

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23

Baines, Paul. Pornography and the Novel. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199580033.003.0025.

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This chapter explains how the emerging novel has not only the problem of how to fend off the widespread accusation of lubricity, but also the corresponding problem of what to do with sex when desire drives the plot. There was no clear category of ‘pornographic’ writing during this period. Modern collections of early sex-writing contain medical treatises, smutty poems, law cases, and translations from Continental sex manuals. These clandestine classics overlap with some early types of novel, in period and often setting, in their anti-authoritarian slant, and their scepticism towards everything except the power of bodily desires. The corpus of proto-pornography, inchoate as it was, was not a sufficient matrix for the novel, still less a discursive origin for it, so much as an oblique presence at the margins of vision.

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24

Staff, European Economic Community, and Senegal Staff. Agreement in the Form of an Exchange of Letters Concerning an Interim Extension of the Protocol Annexed to the Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of Senegal and the European Economic Community on Fishing off the Coast of Senegal for the Period 1 to 31 May 1986, Dakar, 8 July 1986 Dakar. Stationery Office, The, 1987.

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25

Lynch, P. J. The Boy Who Fell Off the Mayflower, or John Howland's Good Fortune. Candlewick, 2018.

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26

Savran, David. as Experimental Theater. Edited by Robert Gordon. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195391374.013.0005.

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Stephen Sondheim and his critics usually ascribe the failure ofAnyone Can Whistle, Sondheim’s most revered flop, to the volatile social and political context in the United States, claiming that it was ahead of its time. This chapter argues, in contrast, that it is very much of its time and that no other musical of the period epitomizes the social and cultural contradictions of the mid-1960s as vividly asWhistle. Attempting to bring the kind of theatrical and political provocation that was flourishing Off-Off-Broadway to Broadway audiences unfamiliar with experimental idioms,Whistlerepresents a determined hybrid: part satire, part romance, part musical comedy, part Broadway razzle-dazzle, part political polemic. It is also symptomatic of the contradictions inherent in the dominant political philosophy of the 1960s, liberal individualism, in its opposition to standardization and conformism and its inclination toward an arrogant egocentrism. ThatWhistlehad to wait decades to find an audience is a tribute less to Sondheim’s prescience than to his ascendency since the 1970s as his generation’s preeminent architect of experimental music theatre.

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27

Gunn, Steven. The land market. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659838.003.0013.

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The new men bought land at a rapid rate. Nonetheless, they chose lands for purchase carefully, bargained hard, and sought to assemble concentrated estates, if needs be by selling off outlying lands to buy those nearer their homes. Their political influence often helped them to buy land on favourable terms from those out of favour with the king or in trouble with the law, as Dudley did most flagrantly. So did their access to liquid cash, as shown by detailed reconstruction of the purchases of Sir Henry Wyatt, with his exploitation of mortgages and frequent small purchases over a long period.

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28

Pye, Michael, ed. Listening to Shin Buddhism: Starting Points of Modern Dialogue. Equinox Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/isbn.9781908049162.

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In the early twentieth century, The Eastern Buddhist journal pioneered the presentation of Buddhism to the west and encouraged the west’s engagement in interpretation. This interactive process increased dramatically in the post-war period, when dialogue between Buddhist and Christian thought began to take off in earnest. These debates attracted not only Zen voices but also thinkers from the Shin Buddhist tradition. This book brings together a wide range of classic writings from the 1950s to the 1970s which have significantly influenced subsequent Buddhist-Christian dialogue. It is a companion volume to Interactions with Japanese Buddhism: Explorations and Viewpoints in Twentieth Century Kyōto.

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29

Meylan, Nicolas. (Mythical) Battles in Medieval Scandinavia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190911966.003.0002.

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This chapter uses Lincoln’s critical analysis of myth to examine various medieval poetic and historiographical accounts of the battle of Hjørung Bay, fought by Danes and Norwegians off the coast of Norway in the late tenth century.. These accounts, which for the most part postdate the battle by some two hundred years, are compared not to reconstruct the event itself but rather to identify the political subtexts embedded in them. It argues that these battle narratives, like cosmogonic myths in other contexts, have played a key ideological role in the construction of social and political identities from the medieval period to the present.

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30

Allegaert, Karel, and Kristel Van Calsteren. Maternal, fetal, and neonatal pharmacokinetics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0005.

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Most drugs are not thoroughly evaluated for use during pregnancy, delivery, or postpartum (e.g. breastfeeding). The same holds true for early infancy, and results in extensive off-label, unlicensed pharmacotherapy in these specific subpopulations. At present, most drug labels do not contain any instructions for use during pregnancy, in infancy, or during breastfeeding, yet these are the main concerns of healthcare providers considering medical treatment. Anaesthetists commonly treat pregnant women with similar dosing regimens recommended for use in adults and subsequently titrate to effect. The (dis)continuation of breastfeeding in the postpartum period following anaesthesia is commonly based on opinions instead of scientific evidence. This chapter describes the alterations in pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) in pregnant women with specific emphasis on placental drug transport, and in neonates, with additional emphasis on breastfeeding. Drugs commonly administered by anaesthetists to women in the peripartum period are discussed with particular reference to the changed pharmacodynamics in both mother and infant.

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31

Staff, European Economic Community, and São Tomé e Príncipe Staff. Agreement Amending the Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the Government of the Democratic Republic of São Tome and Principe on Fishing off São Tome and Principe Signed at Brussels on 1 February 1984 with Protocol Establishing Fishing Authorizations and Financial Compensation for the Period from 1 June 1987 to 31 May 1990, Brussels, 4 May 1990. Stationery Office, The, 1990.

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32

Schröter, Harm G. Germany. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717973.003.0008.

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Up to now little attention has been paid to business groups as a form of enterprise in Germany. It is consequently surprising that during the twentieth century perhaps a quarter of the largest 100 firms qualified as diversified unrelated business groups. These were to be found mainly in three sectors: 1) up to the First World War, large universal banks acted as centers of business groups; only Deutsche Bank went on until the millennium; 2) during the interwar period state-owned enterprises were merged into several large business groups which spun off their parts during the 1990s; 3) many family-owned business groups stayed resilient with their choice of organization. Pyramids were rare within the 100 largest firms.

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33

Simon, Gleeson. Part V Liquidity and Leverage, 22 Liquidity Coverage Ratio and Net Stable Funding Ratio. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793410.003.0022.

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This chapter discusses the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) and Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR). The LCR is designed to make sure that the bank has sufficient liquidity to survive short-term shocks; the NSFR is designed to make sure that the bank's balance sheet is not too excessively mismatched between long- and short-term funding. In essence, LCR is a requirement that the bank has sufficient liquid assets to get through a 30-day period of high stress, whilst NSFR is a requirement that the bank's long-term assets be substantially funded by long-term liabilities. Both of these tests require some heroic assumptions about access to funding, likely roll-off of liabilities, and so on.

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34

Shirakawa, Masaaki. Tumultuous Times. Yale University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300258974.001.0001.

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The Japanese economy, once the envy of the world for its dynamism and growth, lost its shine after a financial bubble burst in early 1990s and slumped further during the Global Financial Crisis in 2008. It suffered even more damage in 2011, when a severe earthquake set off the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. However, the Bank of Japan soldiered on to combat low inflation, low growth, and low interest rates, and in many ways it served as a laboratory for actions taken by central banks in other parts of the world. This book provides a rare insider's account of the workings of Japanese economic and monetary policy during this period and how it challenged mainstream economic thinking.

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35

Smith, Bonnie G., and Donald R. Kelley. Europe and Russia in World History. Edited by Jerry H. Bentley. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199235810.013.0027.

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This article discusses ancient Europa; national states; Renaissance innovations; imperial Europe; twentieth-century global warfare; the downfall of empires; and global migration and communication. Europa is associated with the territories north of the Bosporus starting with the Balkans, set off from Africa and Asia. The subsequent ‘Holy Roman empire’ survived for a millennium as a form of ‘Europe’, especially under the Habsburgs, until it was dissolved by Napoleon in 1806 and succeeded by the Austro-Hungarian empire until 1918. Other expansive institutions in the modern period included the overseas empires of individual European nations, the Soviet empire after 1917, and the growing European Union of the late twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

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36

The Boy Who Fell Off the Mayflower, or John Howland's Good Fortune. Candlewick, 2015.

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37

Ristuccia, Nathan J. Disrupting Rites and Profaning the Sacred. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810209.003.0005.

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This chapter evaluates various moments when detailed historical narratives survive for particular Rogation celebrations—such as for the Rogationtide of Paris in 580, a Rogationtide near Rheims in 743, and the Rogationtide of the Milanese Patarenes in 1066. These events have much in common. In all, popular holy men split off their followers from the rest of the congregation, church hierarchies condemned these holy men as heretics, Judaizers, or magicians, and competing processions emphasized factionalism, rather than solidarity. Because the march embodied the local community, the Rogation Days were a period of danger. The procession’s formal unity clashed with actual divisions on the ground. This incongruity guaranteed that the ritual could upset the local order if performed improperly just as easily as the rite could reinforce order.

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38

Jappelli, Tullio, and Luigi Pistaferri. The Buffer Stock Model. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199383146.003.0007.

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We analyze models that combine precautionary saving and liquidity constraints to provide a unified, more realistic treatment of intertemporal decisions. We start off with a simple three-period model to illustrate how the expectation of future borrowing constraints can induce precautionary saving even in scenarios in which marginal utility is linear. A more general model that allows liquidity constraints and precautionary saving to interact fully is the buffer stock model, of which there are two versions. One, developed by Deaton (1991), emphasizes the possibility that a prudent and impatient consumer may face credit constraints. The other, by Carroll (1997), features the same type of consumer but allows for the possibility of income falling to zero and so generating a natural borrowing constraint.

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39

Obinger, Herbert, Klaus Petersen, and Peter Starke, eds. Warfare and Welfare. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779599.001.0001.

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This book is concerned with the nexus between warfare and welfare. The relationship between war and welfare states is contested. While some scholars consider war a pacemaker of the welfare state, others have emphasized a sharp trade-off between ‘guns and butter’ and highlighted the negative impacts of war on social protection. However, many of these findings only focus on social spending or are based on studies of individual national cases. From a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective, this book addresses the question of whether and how both world wars have influenced the development of advanced welfare states. Distinguishing between three different phases (war preparation, wartime mobilization, and the post-war period), the volume provides the first systematic comparative analysis of the impact of war on welfare state development in the Western world. The chapters, written by leading scholars in this field, examine both short-term responses to and long-term effects of war in fourteen belligerent, occupied, and neutral countries in the age of mass warfare stretching over the period from c.1860 to 1960. The findings clearly show that war is essential for understanding several aspects of welfare state development and welfare state patterns in advanced democracies.

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40

Staff, European Economic Community, and Senegal Staff. Agreement in the Form of an Exchange of Letters Concerning the Provisional Application of the Protocol Establishing the Fishing Rights and the Financial Compensation Provided for in the Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the Government of the Republic of Senegal on Fishing off the Coast of Senegal for the Period from 1 October 1986 to 28 February 1988. Stationery Office, The, 1989.

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41

Staff, European Economic Community. Agreement in the Form of an Exchange of Letters Concerning the Provisional Application of the Agreement Amending the Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea on Fishing off the Coast of Equatorial Guinea, Signed at Malabo on 15 June 1984, for the Period Starting on 27 August 1986 Brussels, 49 Nov. 1987. Stationery Office, The, 1989.

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42

Morton, Jonathan. The Golden Age. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816669.003.0005.

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The Rose uses pagan myths of a prehistoric Golden Age as a necessarily artificial way of approaching the unthinkable period, a state of pure nature, that pre-existed humans’ entry into culture. The incompatibility of the different poetic versions of primitive myth, taken especially from Ovid and Virgil, suggests their own status as imperfect, artificial epistemological prostheses. The end of the Golden Age is used to understand the emergence of the ego out of a state of communality understood as purely natural, drawing both on natural law and the Christian doctrine of the Fall. Genius’s speech, which plays off different myths of the Golden Age against each other, makes it impossible to overlook the compromised artificiality which necessarily renders all of the Rose’s accounts of the Golden Age fundamentally contingent.

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43

de Bie, Robertus M. A. Beyond Tremor, Slowness, and Stiffness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190607555.003.0004.

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Parkinson’s disease may be accompanied by a variety of nonmotor symptoms, such as autonomic, cognitive, psychiatric, sensory, and sleep disorders. These may even precede the motor symptoms, and in a considerable proportion of patients nonmotor symptoms are the major determinant of disability, especially in the more advanced stages of the disease. The patient in this chapter is experiencing two nonmotor symptoms—pain and insomnia. If present, it should be determined whether nonmotor symptoms fluctuate, because many are worse in the “off” period. The most common cause for insomnia is untreated or undertreated nocturnal parkinsonism, which is very responsive to levodopa therapy. If a medical condition requiring further evaluation is excluded and a temporal relationship between pain and the medication schedule is recognized, the emphasis should be on adjusting dopaminergic medication accordingly.

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44

Pye, Michael, ed. Interactions with Japanese Buddhism: Explorations and Viewpoints in Twentieth Century Kyōto. Equinox Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/isbn.9781908049186.

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In the early twentieth-century, The Eastern Buddhist journal pioneered the presentation of Buddhism to the west and encouraged the west’s engagement in interpretation. This interactive process increased dramatically in the post-war period, when dialogue between Buddhist and Christian thought began to take off in earnest. These debates and dialogues brought in voices with a Zen orientation, influenced in part by the philosophical Buddhism of the Kyōto School. Also to be heard, however, were contributions from the Pure Land and the Shin Buddhist traditions, which have a strong tradition in the city. This book brings together a range of authors who have significantly influenced subsequent Buddhist-Christian dialogue and the interaction between east and west. It is a companion volume to Listening to Shin Buddhism: Starting Points of Modern Dialogue.

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Kenny, Paul D. The Emergence of India’s Patronage-Based Party System. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807872.003.0004.

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This chapter deals with the origins of India’s contemporary political institutions. The crisis conditions of the 1970s and the turn to populism had their roots in the late colonial period but these conditions remained latent until the mid-1960s. This chapter shows how India’s infamous patronage-based “Congress system” was first established and how political organization along horizontal socioeconomic lines was choked off in the process. It shows how the party system was brought under centralized control in the early 1950s and how this in turn brought a measure of political stability. India’s hybrid federal structure meant that state brokers had significant potential autonomy from the center; this autonomy remained latent as long as Nehru controlled both the party organization of the Congress and the fiscal powers of the central government. Case studies of a number of states support the analysis.

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Roel, Fransis. 3 National Report for Belgium. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198727293.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses the law on creditor claims in Belgium. Legislators have limited the power of secured creditors to take individual enforcement actions with regard to their collateral, notwithstanding the opening of insolvency proceedings. For bankruptcy proceedings, the Bankruptcy Act of 8 August 1997 (BA) introduced a ‘cooling-off period’, imposing a temporary stay on individual enforcement actions by secured creditors. For judicial reorganization proceedings, the 31 January 2009 Act on the Continuity of Enterprises (BCA) imposes a general stay on enforcement actions, which also affects secured and preferential creditors. The remainder of the chapter looks into insolvency claims, administration claims, and non-enforceable claims in turn. Each part covers: the definition and scope of the claim; rules for submission, verification, and satisfaction or admission of claims; ranking of claims; and voting and other participation rights in insolvency proceedings.

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Rizvi, Sajjad. Whatever Happened to the School of Isfahan? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190250324.003.0006.

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Since much of the literature on the history of 18th-century Iran is animated by a notion of decline, including in the cultural and intellectual fields, it is not surprising that philosophical trends are also seen in such terms: philosophy was killed off by a mixture of the chauvinism and hostility of the late Safavid milieu and the Afghan sack and occupation of Isfahan. However, this article argues that, in the midst of these challenges, philosophy grew, prospered, and became widely disseminated, taking advantage of the new patronage of the emerging regional centres of Qom, Mashhad, and the Iraqi shrine cities. After a consideration of the sources and contexts that we have in the period, the chapter takes a biographical approach analysing the contributions of five philosophers and Sufis in the course of philosophy in 18th-century Iran.

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Beyer, Charlotte. “This Really Isn’t a Job for a Girl to Take on Alone”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039805.003.0012.

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This chapter undertakes a reappraisal of Sara Paretsky's 1982 crime novel Indemnity Only. It examines its critical engagement with genre and the diverse landscape of feminist criticism during the period of its publication, and discusses Paretsky's articulation of an evolving feminist position in genre fiction. As we enter the fourth wave of feminism and new feminist initiatives and campaigns take off, an assessment of the importance of second-wave feminist literature in the light of those developments is timely. A number of critics have discussed Paretsky's novel as an example of feminist appropriation of genre fiction. The chapter extends these readings by arguing for its centrality to second-wave feminist fiction, focusing on specific areas and thematic concerns that highlight the complex relationship between Paretsky's text and feminist criticism and illustrate the ongoing dialogue between activism and fiction.

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Gamer, Michael. Oeuvre-Making and Canon-Formation. Edited by David Duff. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660896.013.29.

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During the eighteenth century, the activities of oeuvre-making and canon-formation unquestionably—and increasingly—fed off one another. Much of the reason had to do with changing intellectual property regimes, which made the Statute of Anne law in Scotland by 1751 and in England by 1774. After these dates, publishers in each country could reprint the works of given authors both as stand-alone sets (oeuvres) and as parts of larger, national collections (canons). Between 1774 and 1824, enterprising booksellers did just that, with sales registering in the millions of copies. These publishers’ canons shaped how writers of the Romantic period thought about canonicity. In addition, their publications verify fundamental assumptions about the relative prestige of genres and the rivalries that exist between them, with poetry garnering the most cultural status, followed by drama, and then prose fiction.

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Reichberg, Gregory M. Historiography of Just War Theory. Edited by Seth Lazar and Helen Frowe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199943418.013.18.

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This chapter examines the historiography of just war theory. It starts off by showing how the concept of war has remained far from constant from one period to another and why recognition of these shifts in meaning is a prerequisite for historical reflection in this domain. Proceeding afterwards to explain why histories of the just war ‘tradition’ have been written, in what historical contexts and in view of what aims, it is shown how few of these histories have been recounted as purely descriptive exercises. Displaying the normative options that have oriented historical methodology in this field is thus a principal task of this chapter. Finally, to exhibit the salience of just war historiography for contemporary theorising, this chapter concludes with a reflection on the antecedents to our present debate on the moral equality of combatants.

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Books on the topic 'OFF-period'

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