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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ocular hypertension

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ocular hypertension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ocular hypertension"

1

Mills, K. B. "Ocular Hypertension." Seminars in Ophthalmology 1, no. 1 (January 1986): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08820538609071474.

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Lundberg, Lars, Karin Wettrell, and Erik Linnér. "Ocular hypertension." Acta Ophthalmologica 65, no. 6 (May 27, 2009): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb07067.x.

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LINNÉR, ERIK. "OCULAR HYPERTENSION." Acta Ophthalmologica 54, no. 6 (May 27, 2009): 707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01790.x.

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LINNÉR, ERIK. "OCULAR HYPERTENSION." Acta Ophthalmologica 56, no. 2 (May 27, 2009): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1978.tb01344.x.

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You, Yu X., Chang X. Chen, Ke Ma, and Jost B. Jonas. "Ocular hypertension." Acta Ophthalmologica 91, no. 7 (May 29, 2013): e587-e589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aos.12183.

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Mirza, Salman, Tariq Saeed, and Philip I. Murray. "Ocular Hypertension Associated with Ocular Sarcoidosis." Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 15, no. 6 (January 2007): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09273940701732230.

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Akingbehin, Tayo. "Corticosteroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension." Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 5, no. 1 (January 1986): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15569528609068362.

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Hovding, Gunnar, and Torstein I. Bertelsen. "Ocular hypertension versus glaucoma." Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 1, no. 2 (April 1990): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00055735-199001020-00002.

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Hovding, Gunnar, and Torstein I. Bertelsen. "Ocular hypertension versus glaucoma." Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 1, no. 2 (April 1990): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00055735-199004000-00002.

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Gordon, Mae O., and Michael A. Kass. "Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study." Journal of Glaucoma 2, Supplement A (1993): 24???25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00061198-199300021-00011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ocular hypertension"

1

Lee, Yan-yee Jacinta. "Ultrastructural basis of steroid-induced ocular hypertension." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43957869.

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Lee, Yan-yee Jacinta, and 李茵怡. "Ultrastructural basis of steroid-induced ocular hypertension." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43957869.

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Kerr, Jan M. "Ocular blood flow in untreated ocular hypertension and primary open angle glaucoma." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24770.

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PURPOSE: To compare ocular and systemic circulation and haematological factors affecting perfusion in groups of untreated ocular hypertensives (OHT) and primary open angle glaucoma patients (POAG) matched for IOP. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study. Twenty seven high risk OGT (IOP>25mmHg), 24 low risk OHT (IOP<26mmHg), 24 POAG patients and 234 normal subjects were recruited. Subjects were admitted for a morning during which the following measurements were made; intraocular pressure, visual fields, sitting standing and supine pulsatile ocular blood flow, scanning laser Doppler retinal blood flow and finger tip laser doppler blood flow. Venous blood was taken for the following; full blood count, manual fibrinogen, D-dimer, prothrombin fragments F1 and 2, von Willebrand antigen and beta-thromboglobin. RESULTS: Pulsatile ocular blood flow: High risk ocular hypertensives (HROHT) were similar to POAG subjects in terms of their pulsatile ocular blood flow and both groups had reduced POBF compared to normal. POAG had a smaller fall in POBF on lying down that the other 3 groups. Scanning laser doppler flow: POAG had reduced blood flow at the optic cup and increased blood flow in the temporal retina compared to HROHT matched for IOP. Finger tip laser doppler flow: No difference in fingertip blood flow was found between HROHT and POAG. Haematology: A small but significant increase in platelets and fibrinogen was seen in POAG compared to normals. There was no differences between HROHT and POAG. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular hypertensives with IOP above 25mmHg have levels of POBF similar to POAG. Differences in the response of POBF to changing posture and the distribution of blood flow in the retina in POAG compared to OHT point to a failure of control of ocular blood flow as a possible factor in the aetiology of glaucoma.

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Garbe, Edeltraut. "Glucocorticoids and the risks of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29696.pdf.

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Garbe, Edeltraut. "Glucocorticoids and the risks of ocular hypertension of open-angle glaucoma." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27321.

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This thesis presents results of a case-control study investigating the excess risk of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma associated with the use of oral, inhaled and nasal glucocorticoids. Data on 9,793 cases and 38,325 control subjects were obtained from the computerized administrative health databases of the province of Quebec, Canada.
For oral glucocorticoids, a 40% increase in the risk of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma was observed. The risk increased with higher daily doses and increasing duration of treatment.
Exposure to inhaled glucocorticoids was not associated with an elevated risk, except when they were administered in high doses over extended periods of time. No elevated risk was observed for exposure to nasal glucocorticoids.
The study results are discussed in view of pharmacological data for different forms of glucocorticoids and compared to findings for ophthalmic glucocorticoids. The database is used to illustrate empirical explorations of concerns about bias.

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Rowe, Fiona J. "Idiopathic intracranial hypertension : assessment of visual function and prognosis for visual outcome." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299989.

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Landers, John Arthur William. "Epidemiological study of risk factors associated with progression from ocular hypertension to primary open angle glaucoma." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/798.

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Background: As a multifactorial disease glaucoma may be associated with pressure-dependent and -independent factors. Ocular hypertension (OHT) may develop into primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) for many patients. We compared groups with OHT and POAG for pressure-dependent and -independent risk factors. A high prevalence of any factor(s) could indicate a contribution to progression from OHT to POAG. Method: A sample of patients with POAG (n 438) and with OHT (n 301) were selected from those attending a tertiary referral private glaucoma practice, and data were collected regarding age and intraocular pressure at the time of diagnosis, gender, family history of glaucoma, systemic hypertension, diabetes, Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine and myopia. Results: After multivariate analysis, older age at time of diagnosis (P<0.001), myopia (odds ratio (O.R) 1.5, 95percent confidence interval (C.I)1.0-2.2; P 0.05), a family history of glaucoma (O.R 1.6, 95 percent C.I 1.1-2.3; P 0.01) and a high intraocular pressure (P 0.002) were associated with POAG. No other significant differences were found between the two groups. Conclusion: Patients who have OHT may be at higher risk of developing POAG if they also have myopia, a family history of glaucoma or are of older age.

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Landers, John Arthur William. "Epidemiological study of risk factors associated with progression from ocular hypertension to primary open angle glaucoma." University of Sydney. Population Health and Health Sciences Research, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/798.

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Background: As a multifactorial disease glaucoma may be associated with pressure-dependent and -independent factors. Ocular hypertension (OHT) may develop into primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) for many patients. We compared groups with OHT and POAG for pressure-dependent and -independent risk factors. A high prevalence of any factor(s) could indicate a contribution to progression from OHT to POAG. Method: A sample of patients with POAG (n 438) and with OHT (n 301) were selected from those attending a tertiary referral private glaucoma practice, and data were collected regarding age and intraocular pressure at the time of diagnosis, gender, family history of glaucoma, systemic hypertension, diabetes, Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine and myopia. Results: After multivariate analysis, older age at time of diagnosis (P<0.001), myopia (odds ratio (O.R) 1.5, 95percent confidence interval (C.I)1.0-2.2; P 0.05), a family history of glaucoma (O.R 1.6, 95 percent C.I 1.1-2.3; P 0.01) and a high intraocular pressure (P 0.002) were associated with POAG. No other significant differences were found between the two groups. Conclusion: Patients who have OHT may be at higher risk of developing POAG if they also have myopia, a family history of glaucoma or are of older age.

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Gunvant, Pinakin. "The influence of corneal dimensions on measurement related to glaucoma and ocular hypertension." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398245.

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Kreuz, André Carvalho. "Eletrorretinograma de padrão reverso macular e multifocal e tomografia de coerência óptica em olhos suspeitos de glaucoma e glaucomatosos com perda de hemicampo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5149/tde-06022017-110458/.

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Objetivos: Avaliar a capacidade do eletrorretinograma de padrão reverso (PERG) macular e multifocal (mf) de diferenciar pacientes com suspeita de glaucoma (SG) e glaucoma com defeito de campo hemianópico (GH) de controles, comparar a capacidade de discriminação do PERG e tomografia de coerência óptica (TCO) fourrier domain, e avaliar a relação entre as medidas do PERG e TCO. Métodos: Medidas do campo visual (CV) computadorizado, respostas do PERG transiente e modo estacionário e PERGmf foram obtidos dos SG (n=14, 24 olhos), GH (n=5, 7 olhos) e controles (n=19, 22 olhos). Os seguintes parâmetros de TCO foram investigados: camada de fibras nervosas da retina peripapilar (CFNRpp), espessura total da mácula e espessuras das camadas segmentadas da mácula. As medidas foram analizadas utilizando-se modelos lineares de efeito misto. Também foi avaliada a relação entre as medidas e a performance diagnóstica de cada tecnologia. Resultados: Comparado aos controles, a média do tempo de pico de P50 da resposta do PERG transiente estava reduzida nos SG e GH, enquanto que a fase, a amplitude do modo estacionário e respostas do PERGmf estavam anormais apenas no GH. A média das medidas da TCO de espessura macular e da CFNRpp nos SG e GH diferiram significativamente dos controles. Uma significativa relação foi observada entre o PERG e a maior parte dos dos parâmetros do CV central e TCO. A análise por regressão e componentes principais revelou que a TCO de nervo óptico e mácula, assim como o PERG transiente e PERGmf tiveram estatisticamente capacidade similar em discriminar os SG dos controles. Conclusões: Os parâmetros do PERG e da TCO podem estar anormais, com significativa relação entre as medidas, em uma porcentagem alta de olhos com SG com CV normal. Nossos achados sugerem que as duas tecnologias podem ser úteis e complementares na detecção precoce de glaucoma
Purpose: To evaluate the ability of macular and multifocal (mf) pattern electroretinogram (PERG) to differentiate glaucoma suspects (GS) and glaucoma with hemifield loss (GHL) from controls, to compare the discrimination ability of PERG and fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT), and to assess the relationship between PERG and fdOCT measurements. Methods: Standard automated perimetry (SAP), steady-state and transient PERG responses and mfPERG measurements were obtained from GS (n=14, 24 eyes), GHL (n=5, 7 eyes) and controls (n=19, 22 eyes). The following fdOCT parameters were investigated: circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL), full-thickness macula, and segmented macular layer thicknesses. Measurements were compared using mixed effects linear models. The relationships between measurements and the diagnostic performance of each technology were also assessed. Results: Compared to controls, average P50 peak time transient PERG responses were reduced in GS and GHL, whereas average phase and amplitude steady-state and mfPERG responses were abnormal only in GHL. The average fdOCT-measured cpRNFL and macular thickness measurements in GS and GHL differed significantly from controls. A significant relationship was found between PERG and most fdOCT or central SAP sensitivity parameters. Principal component regression analysis revealed that optic disc and macular OCT parameters, along with mfPERG and transient PERG parameters had statistically similar ability to discriminate GS from controls. Conclusions: PERG and OCT parameters may be abnormal, with significant correlations between measurements, in a high percentage of GS eyes with normal SAP. Our findings suggest that both technologies may be helpful and complementary in early glaucoma detection

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Books on the topic "Ocular hypertension"

1

National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (Great Britain). Glaucoma: Diagnosis and management of chronic open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension : methods, evidence & guidance. London: National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2009.

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Brusini, Paolo, Maria Letizia Salvetat, and Marco Zeppieri, eds. Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Hypertension. MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-5099-2.

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Lanza, Michele. Ocular Hypertension: The Knowns and Unknowns. IntechOpen, 2021.

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Ocular Hypertension - The Knowns and Unknowns [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91529.

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Hunt, Hugo. Bimatoprost: An Active Treatment for Open-Perspective Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension. Independently Published, 2019.

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Huntbach, Julie, and Amar Alwitry. Glaucoma. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199237593.003.0007.

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The chapter begins by discussing optic nerve head anatomy and aqueous fluid dynamics, before covering the key clinical skills, namely optic nerve head assessment in glaucoma, tonometry and pachymetry , gonioscopy, and perimetry. It also covers the key areas of clinical knowledge, including ocular hypertension, primary open-angle glaucoma, acute angle closure, normal-tension glaucoma, steroid-induced glaucoma, traumatic glaucoma, inflammatory glaucomas, pseudoexfoliative and pigmentary glaucoma, neovascular glaucoma, malignant glaucoma, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and iridocorneal dysgenesis, ocular hypotensive agents, laser therapy for glaucoma, and glaucoma surgery. The chapter concludes with three case-based discussions, on open-angle glaucoma, angle closure glaucoma, and steroid glaucoma.

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Tatham, Andrew, and Peng Tee Khaw. Glaucoma. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199672516.003.0008.

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This chapter explores glaucoma. It starts off with an outline of optic nerve head anatomy and then describes aqueous fluid dynamics and the pathogenesis of glaucoma. It then goes on to discuss the clinical skill areas of optic nerve head assessment in glaucoma, glaucoma imaging devices, tonometry and tachymetry, gonioscopy, and perimetry. The chapter also details ocular hypertension, primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle closure, and secondary angle closure. In addition, it discusses normal tension glaucoma, steroid-induced glaucoma, traumatic glaucoma, inflammatory glaucomas, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, pigmentary glaucoma, and neovascular glaucoma. It then covers aqueous misdirection, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and iridocorneal dysgenesis, ocular hypotensive agents, laser therapy for glaucoma, and glaucoma surgery.

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Kosoko-Lasaki, Omofolasade. Maintaining the Target Intraocular Pressure: African American Glaucoma Specialists. Slack Incorporated, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ocular hypertension"

1

Hayreh, Sohan Singh. "Arterial Hypertension and the Eye." In Ocular Vascular Occlusive Disorders, 549–619. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12781-1_23.

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Xie, Xiaobin, and Ningli Wang. "New Insights into Ocular Hypertension." In Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Gradient in Glaucoma, 245–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2137-5_35.

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Moussalli, M. Angelica, Ana Sanseau, and Roberto Ebner. "Papillary drusen and ocular hypertension." In Laser Scanning: Update 1, 93–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0322-3_17.

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Zhu, Ivy, William F. Mieler, Stella K. Kim, and Frederick A. Jakobiec. "Hypertension and Its Ocular Manifestations." In Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90495-5_293-1.

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Zhu, Ivy, William F. Mieler, Stella K. Kim, and Frederick A. Jakobiec. "Hypertension and Its Ocular Manifestations." In Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, 6991–7016. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42634-7_293.

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Linnér, E., A. Linnér, and B. Rosander. "Some Risk Factors in Ocular Hypertension." In Glaucoma Update III, 67–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71785-7_10.

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Somlai, Judit. "Ocular Symptoms and Signs of Intracranial Hypertension." In Neuro-Ophthalmology, 437–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28956-4_50.

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Bonomi, L. "Methods to Produce Ocular Hypertension in Animals." In Ophthalmic Drug Delivery, 107–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4175-9_12.

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Kahook, Malik Y., and M. Roy Wilson. "Medical Treatment: Treated vs. Untreated Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension." In Pearls of Glaucoma Management, 225–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68240-0_29.

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Kahook, Malik Y., and M. Roy Wilson. "Medical Treatment: Treated vs. Untreated Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension." In Pearls of Glaucoma Management, 267–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49042-6_29.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ocular hypertension"

1

Wirostko, Barbara, Lie-Ju Hwang, Charles S. Tressler, Alan M. Laties, and Gary Burgess. "Ocular Safety Of Chronic Sildenafil Citrate Therapy For Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a5894.

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Heron, Gordon, Anthony J. Adams, and Roger Husted. "Central and Peripheral Measures of Blue-Sensitive Pathways in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1986.wc1.

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It is well established that an acquired blue-dyschromatopsia is often present in glaucoma.1 In addition, foveal spectral sensitivity measures in glaucoma have shown that the chromatic pathways are affected (the short wavelength region being particularly depressed).2-5 Combined, these results suggest that the blue sensitive pathways are primarily at risk in glaucoma. A large body of data from color testing, in addition to measures of flicker sensitivity, provides us with considerable evidence that foveal function is abnormal in glaucoma, even when acuity is not affected.6-14 Even greater emphasis has been placed on foveal function in glaucoma since the startling report by Quigley, et al., that as many as half of the optic nerve fibers are destroyed before any abnormality in the visual field is detected.15

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Brussell, Edward M., Olga Overbury, Charles W. White, and Gordon A. Balazsi. "Multi-Flash Campimetry as an Indicator of Visual Field Loss in Glaucoma." In Noninvasive Assessment of Visual Function. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navf.1985.tub6.

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Ocular hypertension (OHT), or elevated pressure in the ocular media, is a condition that is closely monitored by the ophthalmologist. The reason is that it can lead to irreversible visual field loss at which time the diagnosis is changed from OHT to glaucoma. Field losses that are observed are usually attributed to ischemia (1) and mechanical pressure (2, 3) at the optic disk. More recently, however, Regan and his colleagues have suggested that there may also be ganglion cell dendritic pathology associated with OHT that is accompanied by visual loss to which conventional perimetry is not sensitive (4,5). In particular, the dendritic pathology may affect temporal (i.e. , flicker) more than spatial aspects of vision.

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Drum, Bruce. "Scotopic Perimetry Test for Early Glaucoma." In Noninvasive Assessment of Visual Function. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navf.1985.tub5.

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Visual field measurement has long been considered the definitive test to distinguish glaucoma from ocular hypertension. However, recent clinical and histological studies1, 2 have shown that a large fraction of the optic nerve can be destroyed before visual field defects become apparent. Since glaucoma is a treatable disease, this finding underscores the need to develop more sensitive tests of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

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Feng, Yali, Zhe Cui, and Wenshuang Xu. "Correlation Between Genetic Factors and the Incidence of Ocular Hypertension Glaucoma / Normal Tension Glaucoma." In International Conference on Electronics, Mechanics, Culture and Medicine. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcm-15.2016.104.

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Johnson, Chris A., Anthony J. Adams, Evanne J. Casson, and Jacqueline M. Nelson-Quigg. "Can Short Wavelength Sensitivity Losses Predict the Development of Glaucomatous Visual Field Defects?" In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1991.wb4.

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Recently, several laboratories have introduced chromatic adaptation techniques to automated perimetry in an effort to isolate the activity of short-wavelength-sensitive (SWS) mechanisms. 1-6 In particular, short-wavelength sensitivity losses in the visual field have been reported to be more prevalent than deficits obtained with standard perimetry in ocular hypertensives and patients with early glaucomatous damage. 1-4 In addition, we have found that short wavelength sensitivity losses appear to have both diffuse and localized components, 1,3 that short wavelength sensitivity defects are generally larger in area than those found with standard automated perimetry,3 that there is partial but not complete overlap between short wavelength sensitivity losses and visual field defects with standard perimetry,3 and that short wavelength sensitivity losses in ocular hypertension and glaucoma display nerve fiber bundle patterns. 4 These results indicate that short wavelength sensitivity losses may be an early indicator of glaucomatous damage.

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Regan, D. "Visual loss in patients with 20/20 (or better) vision." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.tuo3.

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Although acuity tests adequately document visual loss in patients with spherical and/or astigmatic refractive error, acuity tests incompletely describe or even fail to detect visual loss in some patients with visual pathway dysfunction at retinal, optic nerve, and cortical levels. Sine wave grating contrast sensitivity tests reveal four kinds of loss: (1) selective low, (2) selective intermediate (notch), (3) selective high, and (4) general. (Many patients show mixed loss.) Acuity tests detect classes (3) and (4) only. Low and/or notch loss can be produced by monocular diplopia even in the presence of 20/20 acuity and can be induced by the test procedure, but when such cases are eliminated, cases remain whose visual loss can be attributed to selective vulnerability of neurons that prefer targets of low and/or intermediate spatial frequencies. It is known that some patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience orientation-specific loss that can vary over the visual field, suggesting patchy involvement of cortical neurons. Sensitivity loss can be accompanied by discrimination loss including reduced ability to discriminate between different target sizes and orientations. In MS the pattern of loss can change dramatically over short time periods especially in patients with Uhthoff’s syndrome. In patients with ocular hypertension, low frequency loss that spares visual acuity has been attributed to selective damage to large (alpha) retinal ganglion cells. Low-contrast letter charts provide a simple shotgun test of sensitivity and/or discrimination that distinguishes pathway involvement from a purely refractive problem and can detect hidden visual loss in 20/20 (or better) eyes of patients with pathway involvement including macular degeneration, diabetes, glaucoma, ocular hypertension, Parkinson’s disease, and MS.

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Sample, Pamela A., James N. Cook, and Robert N. Weinreb. "Variability and Sensitivity of Short-Wavelength Color Visual Fields in Normal and Glaucoma Eyes." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1993.nmc.1.

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It has been shown that color visual fields 1) differentiate between normal and glaucomatous eyes; 1-4 2) show deficits in many suspect eyes when standard fields remain normal; 3 3) indicate more extensive damage across the retina than evidenced by standard visual fields; 4) show progressive loss sooner than standard fields in many eyes with primary open angle glaucoma;5 and 5) can identify early functional loss in suspect eyes at greatest risk for glaucoma. 6 These results suggest that color visual field testing may be a useful clinical test for assessing functional damage in ocular hypertension and primary open angle glaucoma. However, its clinical utility depends in large part on its ability to reliably detect glaucoma in a patient population.

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Chen, Benson S., Benjamin I. Meyer, Amit M. Saindane, Beau B. Bruce, Nancy J. Newman, and Valérie Biousse. "039 Prevalence of MRI signs of intracranial hypertension and their association with papilledema: a prospective study using ocular fundus photography." In ANZAN Annual Scientific Meeting 2021 Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2021-anzan.39.

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Trick, Gary L., Dorothy G. Cooper, Mae O. Gordon, Allan E. Kolker, and Michael A. Kass. "Abnormal Pattern-Reversal Electroretinograms (PERGS) Associated with Ocular Hypertension (OHT): Relationship to Known Risk Factors for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1987.mc2.

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Abstract:

The pattern-reversal electroretinogram (PERG) is a bioelectrical signal which can be recorded from the cornea of the human eye when a contrast-reversing (i.e. phase-alternating) pattern is viewed. Although the retinal generators of this biopotential have not been precisely localized (1,2) considerable evidence suggests that the PERG is correlated with neural activity occurring in the proximal retina (3-5). PERG abnormalities often are associated with visual disorders that affect the proximal retina and optic nerve (6,7).

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