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Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Farley, John E. "Down but Not Out: Earthquake Awareness and Preparedness Trends in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area, 1990–1997." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 16, no. 3 (November 1998): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709801600304.

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This paper reports results of a telephone survey in the St. Louis metropolitan area assessing household earthquake awareness and preparedness in November 1997. This survey extends time-series data on awareness and preparedness in the area, which I obtained from earlier surveys conducted in October 1990, February 1991, July 1992, and May 1993. The previous surveys constitute the only time-series data assessing the effects of a pseudo-scientific earthquake prediction (in this case, one made by the late Iben Browning) with measurement of attitudes and beliefs both before and after disconfirmation of the prediction. In general, the new survey shows that both the perceived risk of a damaging earthquake and levels of household preparedness in the region have undergone steady, long-term declines since 1991. There has also been some decline in concern about earthquake risk since 1992. Nonetheless, there has been some lasting effect of preparation actions taken in response to Iben Browning's 1990 pseudoscientific earthquake prediction. For all three preparedness actions for which data are available from 1990 through 1997, the 1997 data indicate a higher level of preparedness than was observed in October 1990, two months before the date on which Browning said a damaging earthquake was likely. And the level of preparedness is much higher than was observed in the larger New Madrid region in another survey taken in 1987.

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2

Gupta, Parvinder. "Asoka Spintex." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 25, no. 2 (April 2000): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920000207.

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The October-December 1999 (Vol 24, No 4) issue of Vikalpa had published a Management Case titled “Asoka Spintex” by Parvinder Gupta. The case had focused on the turnaround of Asoka Spintex from an ailing company in 1987 to a growing company in the year 1997. We had requested the readers to respond to the question: What strategies should Anang Lalbhai adopt for the long-term survival of the company? In this issue, we are featuring three responses on the case by Pradip N Khandwalla, S Ramnarayan and Niti Pandey, and N Ravichandran. Asoka Spintex, a Lalbhai group company, was set up in 1920 in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, to manufacture coarse and medium fabrics with a capacity of 13,000 spindles and 350 looms. Since its inception, the company did reasonably well. However, the balance sheet for the year 1987 showed cash loss for the first time in three decades. The company was on the verge of closure in 1991-92; however, subsequently, it started showing positive results. The case discusses the background of Asoka Spintex, the troubled times (1985-1990), the phase of uncertainties (mid 1990-mid 1992), the phase of struggles and challenges (1992-1995), and the phase of consolidation and growth (1995-1997). The case concludes with a discussion on the future plans of Asoka Spintex.

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3

Calver, Mike. "Conservation Through Sustainable Use of Wildlife." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 1 (1998): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980090.

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These volumes are the proceedings of the second and third major conferences organized this decade by the Centre for Conservation Biology at the University of Queensland, the first one being Moritz and Kikkawa (1994). A pleasing trend in the publication of the later volumes is the reduction in time between conference and publication. Moritz and Kikkawa was published in March 1994, approximately 2.5 years after the conference in October 1991, while Grigg et al. appeared in December 1995, a little under two years after the conference in February 1994, and Hale and Lamb was published in July 1997, approximately 18 months after the conference in February 1996. Also of interest is the increase in attendance of delegates at the latter two conferences from 210 (Grigg et al. 1995) to 450 (Hale and Lamb 1997), accompanied by a growth of 172 pp in the length of the proceedings. Furthermore, the Centre for Conservation Biology is clearly prepared to tackle controversial issues in conservation.

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4

Calver, Mike. "Conservation Outside Nature Reserves." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 1 (1998): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc98090a.

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These volumes are the proceedings of the second and third major conferences organized this decade by the Centre for Conservation Biology at the University of Queensland, the first one being Moritz and Kikkawa (1994). A pleasing trend in the publication of the later volumes is the reduction in time between conference and publication. Moritz and Kikkawa was published in March 1994, approximately 2.5 years after the conference in October 1991, while Grigg et al. appeared in December 1995, a little under two years after the conference in February 1994, and Hale and Lamb was published in July 1997, approximately 18 months after the conference in February 1996. Also of interest is the increase in attendance of delegates at the latter two conferences from 210 (Grigg et al. 1995) to 450 (Hale and Lamb 1997), accompanied by a growth of 172 pp in the length of the proceedings. Furthermore, the Centre for Conservation Biology is clearly prepared to tackle controversial issues in conservation.

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5

Pike, William J. "Comments (October 1997)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1097-1070-jpt.

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6

Kampe-Persson, Hakon. "Staging and wintering Taiga Bean Geese Anser fabalis fabalis in north-east Scania, south Sweden." Ornis Svecica 24, no. 1–2 (January 1, 2014): 56–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v24.22560.

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In the municipalities of Bromölla and Kristianstad, south Sweden, monthly counts of Bean Geese have been carried out during October–March/April since November 1976. The seasonal peak count was up to 1987/1988 recorded in March, during the following six seasons in January, and from 1994/1995 onwards in November or December. April numbers decreased from more than 5,000 birds in 1977 to hardly any at all from 1997 onwards. Fewer Bean Geese were counted up to the 1986/1987 season than thereafter. In most of the last 25 seasons, the number of Taiga Bean Geese Anser fabalis fabalis in north-east Scania peaked at about 20% of the total Western Palearctic population, with a highest count of 24,000 birds in December 1997. Most or all Bean Geese left north-east Scania during severe winters. Checks of staging bean goose flocks and hunting bags showed that, except for Lake Hammarsjön from 2004/2005 onwards and a few flocks in the other areas, the Tundra Bean Goose Anser serrirostris rossicus was quite rare in the region.

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7

Craig, DeAnn. "Changing Perspectives (October 1997)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1097-1068-jpt.

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8

Mouliom-Pefoura, A. "First Observation of the Breakdown of High Resistance in Yangambi km 5 (Musa sp.) to the Black Leaf Streak Disease in Cameroon." Plant Disease 83, no. 1 (January 1999): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.1.78d.

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The most important diseases of Musa spp. in Cameroon, as in many other banana-producing areas, are those caused by Mycosphaerella musicola and M. fijiensis. Investigations during 1988 and 1989 in Cameroon in areas under high disease pressure revealed that Yangambi was highly resistant to M. fijiensis. During field observations between September 1992 and September 1994, necrotic symptoms were recorded on Yangambi from October to February in 1992-93 and 1993-94 and from June to September in 1994 at elevations of 700 to 1,100 m. In 1995, perithecia were recorded from necrotic tissues between May and November at 80 m, between September and October at 700 and 900 m, and between October and November at 1,100 m; mean number of perithecia per mm2 of samples was 8.6, 10.6, 17.6, and 17.9 at 80, 700, 900, and 1100 m, respectively. No viable ascospores was isolated from them. In 1997, this variation in the behavior of Yangambi was confirmed at 1,250 m elevation with necrosis between late August and early December, and ascospores of M. fijiensis were isolated from samples collected during October. Appearance of necrosis occurs when optimal climatic conditions for the development of M. fijiensis are obtained. This first and complete shift in pathogenicity of M. fijiensis to overcome the resistance of Yangambi is the end of a process that started 5 years ago after almost 8 years' exposure of the cultivar in the same locality.

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9

Moruzzi, Trina L., Kimberly J. Royar, Clayton Grove, Robert T. Brooks, Christopher Bernier, Frank L. Thompson, Richard M. DeGraaf, and Todd K. Fuller. "Assessing an American Marten, Martes americana, Reintroduction in Vermont." Canadian Field-Naturalist 117, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v117i2.681.

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During October-December 1989-1991, biologists from the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department and the USDA Forest Service reintroduced 115 (88 male, 27 female) American Martens (Martes americana) into the southern half of the Green Mountain National Forest. During the years of release, brief radio-contact was made with 9 of the 13 (8 male, 5 female) radiocollared animals, and several of these may have established residency. Results of winter track count surveys suggested the presence of at least four Martens in 1990. During winter 1994-1995, Trailmaster® cameras and boxed camera systems detected Martens at two, and Fishers (Martes pennanti) at 11, of 20 sites. During winter 1997-1998, Fishers were detected at 37 of 47 boxed camera sites, but no Martens were detected. During summer 1997 and 1998, no Marten photos were recorded at 285 pressure-plate camera stations in a larger area that included all Marten release sites. Although post-release monitoring may have been insufficient to definitively confirm Marten presence, results from the 1997 and 1998 camera surveys indicate that a viable population of Martens was not established in southern Vermont, perhaps due to competition with Fishers.

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10

Flynn, S. R., B. S. Nakashima, and M. P. M. Burton. "Direct assessment of post-spawning survival of female capelin, Mallotus villosus." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 2 (April 2001): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401003782.

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Assessment of spawning survival for female capelin Mallotus villosus (Pisces: Osmeriformes) greater than 12 cm in length was made in the autumn of 1995–1997 comparing a histological technique with existing methods. An intensive macroscopic visual assessment of selected samples from 1995, 1996 and 1997 revealed that 10, 20 and 40% of the females were recovering from spawning respectively each year. Histological assessments of the same fish revealed that 20% in 1995, and nearly 60% of the fish in 1996 and 1997 showed physiological evidence of previous spawning. The proportion of recovering spawners increased with both length and age of the fish. One sample from the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization area of 2J during October 1997 contained nearly 90% recovering fish. The potential impact of the fishery in light of the variability in post-spawning survival of the iteroparous female capelin is discussed.

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11

Millheim, Keith K. "Fields of Vision (October 1997)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1097-1075-jpt.

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12

Melham, Hisham. "International Policy: October 1997, Cairo." Foreign Policy, no. 109 (1997): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149479.

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13

Henrici, Alick. "Hygrocybe workshop: Abergavenny October 1997." Mycologist 12, no. 3 (August 1998): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(98)80003-7.

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14

Murray, Tavi, Adrian Luckman, Tazio Strozzi, and Anne-Marie Nuttall. "The initiation of glacier surging at Fridtjovbreen, Svalbard." Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756403781816275.

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AbstractGlacier surges in Svalbard have long durations and multi-year terminations, but much less is known regarding surge initiation in the archipelago. Fridtjovbreen, a 12 km long glacier in central Spitsbergen, advanced ∼ 2.8 km during a surge in the 1990s at a maximum rate of ∼ 4. 2 m d–1 . Differential dual-azimuth satellite radar interferometry (SRI) is used to produce ten snapshots of three-dimensional surface dynamics and four digital elevation models covering the period October 1991–October 1997. The glacier velocity rose slowly and uniformly until June 1995. It then increased dramatically to a measured maximum of ∼ 2.5 m d–1 during February and May 1996, and by October 1997 it had dropped. We attempt to evaluate errors in the calculated velocities. Systematic errors are evaluated using the apparent displacement of bedrock, ∼0.03 m d–1 . Errors arise from assumptions during processing, for example that ice-flow direction does not change during the surge. Two independent measurements using dual-azimuth processing show the mean absolute change in flow direction was ∼1.2°. This study covers fast-flow initiation and peak flow, but not the deceleration phase. The SRI observations show a progressive acceleration phase to the surge, with no evidence of a surge front propagating down-glacier.

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15

Gluzman, S., and V. I. Yukalov. "Renormalization Group Analysis of October Market Crashes." Modern Physics Letters B 12, no. 02n03 (February 10, 1998): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984998000111.

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The self-similar analysis of time series, suggested earlier by the authors, is applied to the description of market crises. The main attention is payed to the October 1929, 1987 and 1997 stock market crises, which can be successfully treated by the suggested approach. The analogy between market crashes and critical phenomena is emphasized.

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16

George, David L. "Message from the President — October 1997." SMPTE Journal 106, no. 10 (October 1997): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j04503.

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17

Shaughnessy, PD, SV Briggs, and R. Constable. "Observations on Seals at Montague Island, New South Wales." Australian Mammalogy 23, no. 1 (2001): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am01001.

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Australian fur-seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus and New Zealand fur-seals A. forsteri haul-out (come ashore) at the north end of Montague Island. They were counted from study boats on 82 occasions during nine trips to the island, each of about one week, between November 1997 and November 1998, and in July 1999 and April 2000. Highest numbers were recorded between August and October 1998, and more animals were ashore during 1997 and 1998 than Irvine et al. (1997) observed in 1993 and 1994. The maximum number of A. p. doriferus recorded ashore in this study was 540 in October 1998, compared with a little over 300 observed in September 1993. There are reports of a few fur-seal pups on Montague Island. An A. forsteri pup born there in the 1999/2000 summer survived for at least 4 months. Nevertheless, the island should be considered as supporting haul-out sites rather than breeding sites. A Subantarctic fur-seal A. tropicalis and an Australian sea-lion Neophoca cinerea were also recorded during the study. Seven juvenile A. p. doriferus were observed ashore with manmade debris (straps or portions of a trawl net) around their necks. Fur-seals at Montague Island generate interest because of tourism and interactions with local fisheries. Trends in their abundance should be monitored annually in March, for which there is a long-term data set, and in October, when they are most abundant.

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18

McLaren, M. K. "Seismicity of South-Central Coastal California: October 1987 through January 1997." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 91, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 1629–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0119980192.

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19

Healey, Michael. "Kicked." Canadian Theatre Review 97 (December 1998): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.97.014.

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Kicked was first produced at the Theatre Centre’s Free-4-All Festival in January 1993. Special thanks to the Theatre Centre for its continued support of this show. It was subsequently produced by The Hugh Bris Co. at the Toronto Fringe Festival in July 1996, stage managed by Laura Astwood; at Tarragon Theatre Extra Space by The Hugh Bris Co., 16 to 28 September 1997, with lighting designed by Bonnie Beecher; at the Artrage Festival in Perth, Australia, 8 to 19 October 1997; at the Uno Festival, Victoria, B.C., 26 to 29 March 1998; at the Blyth Festival in August of 1998; in London, Ontario, at the Grand Theatre in October 1998; and in Ottawa at the Great Canadian Theatre Company in March 1999. A television version was created by Sleeping Giant Productions and shown on Bravo! as part of its Spoken Art Series. Brian Quirt was director and dramaturg for all productions.

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20

Galdino, Conrado A. B., Ronald R. Carvalho Jr., Mauren A. V. Noronha e. Menezes, and Luciana B. Nascimento. "Habitat use by a tree frog species of Scinax (Amphibia, Hylidae) at an urban forest fragment from south-eastern Brazil." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 98, no. 3 (September 2008): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212008000300018.

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We studied the pattern of habitat use by the tree frog Scinax aff. perereca. Fieldworks were performed from August 1996 to August 1997 at Parque das Mangabeiras, Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Calling males were observed in September, October and December 1996, February to April and June 1997. Females were found only in October 1996. Specimens were found perched on vegetation, on the ground or on stones near waterfall. At Parque das Mangabeiras, S. aff. perereca occupied nine types of substrata. The most frequently used substrata were shrubs, stones at the stream edges, and fallen trunks. The pattern of spatial occupation varied among months. Males were found calling in aggregations on the vegetation and spatial niche breadth was related to species abundance.

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21

Matsueda, Hidekazu, and Hisayuki Y. Inoue. "Aircraft measurements of trace gases between Japan and Singapore in October of 1993, 1996, and 1997." Geophysical Research Letters 26, no. 16 (August 15, 1999): 2413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999gl900089.

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22

JPT staff, _. "Cold Production of Heavy Oil (October 1997)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 1125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1097-1125-jpt.

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23

Corrales, Javier. "Capítulos del SELA: October-December 1997, Caracas." Foreign Policy, no. 109 (1997): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149476.

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24

Weyerstahl, Felix. "Le Nouvel Afrique Asie: October 1997, Paris." Foreign Policy, no. 109 (1997): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149480.

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25

Mitchell, Jennifer. "Accredited Clinical Coder Examination October 1997 Results." Health Information Management 27, no. 4 (December 1997): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335839802700410.

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26

Kyrylenko, Olexandr V. "SCIENCE SERVERS THE FUTURE To the 80th anniversary of Academician of NAS of Ukraine Gennadiy G. Pivnyak." Visnik Nacional'noi' academii' nauk Ukrai'ni, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/visn2020.10.100.

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October 23, 2020 marks the 80th anniversary of the famous Ukrainian scientist in the field of electricity, twice laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (1998, 2005), Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine (1990), laureate of the S.O. Lebedev Prize of the NAS of Ukraine (1996), Rector of the Dnipro University of Technology (since 1982), Doctor of Technical Sciences (1981), Professor (1983), Academician of the NAS of Ukraine (1997) G.G. Pivnyak.

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27

Lutterbach, Márcia T. S., Joselito Cabral Vazquez, Jorge A. Pinet, José V. Andreata, and Alexandre Carlos da Silva. "Monitoring and spatial distribution of heterotrophic bacteria and fecal coliforms in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 44, no. 1 (March 2001): 07–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132001000100002.

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The distribution of heterothrophic bacteria and fecal coliforms was monitored at four sampling stations located near the shore of the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Water samples were collected, monthly from October 1994 through September 1998. The highest heterothrophic count (6.5x10 7 CFU/100mL) was recorded at stations 2 and 4 during August 1998 and the lowest (10 ³ CFU/100 mL) at station 3 during February 1995. With respect to fecal coliforms, the highest and lowest counts were 1.6x10 5 coliforms/100mL at station 3 during March 1997 and <1 coliform/100mL at all the stations during February 1995 and September 1997 as well as station 3 during February 1998. The data indicated a percentage increase of the microorganisms surveyed over time at all the sampling stations studied.

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28

Manor, Y., R. Handsher, T. Halmut, M. Neuman, A. Bobrov, H. Rudich, A. Vonsover, L. Shulman, O. Kew, and E. Mendelson. "Detection of Poliovirus Circulation by Environmental Surveillance in the Absence of Clinical Cases in Israel and the Palestinian Authority." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 6 (1999): 1670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.6.1670-1675.1999.

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The global eradication of poliomyelitis, believed to be achievable around the year 2000, relies on strategies which include high routine immunization coverage and mass vaccination campaigns, along with continuous monitoring of wild-type virus circulation by using the laboratory-based acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. Israel and the Palestinian Authority are located in a geographical region in which poliovirus is still endemic but have been free of poliomyelitis since 1988 as a result of intensive immunization programs and mass vaccination campaigns. To monitor the wild-type virus circulation, environmental surveillance of sewage samples collected monthly from 25 to 30 sites across the country was implemented in 1989 and AFP surveillance began in 1994. The sewage samples were processed in the laboratory with a double-selective tissue culture system, which enabled economical processing of large number of samples. Between 1989 and 1997, 2,294 samples were processed, and wild-type poliovirus was isolated from 17 of them in four clusters, termed “silent outbreaks,” in September 1990 (type 3), between May and September 1991 (type 1), between October 1994 and June 1995 (type 1), and in December 1996 (type 1). Fifteen of the 17 positive samples were collected in the Gaza Strip, 1 was collected in the West Bank, and 1 was collected in the Israeli city of Ashdod, located close to the Gaza Strip. The AFP surveillance system failed to detect the circulating wild-type viruses. These findings further emphasize the important role that environmental surveillance can play in monitoring the eradication of polioviruses.

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29

Neira, Francisco J., Miriana I. Sporcic, and Andrew R. Longmore. "Biology and fishery of pilchard, Sardinops sagax (Clupeidae), within a large south-eastern Australian bay." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 1 (1999): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98067.

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Length–frequency and maturity data of pilchards (Sardinops sagax) are described from monthly purse-seine commercial catch samples obtained in Port Phillip Bay (Victoria) between December 1994 and January 1997. These data, together with findings of a 12-month ichthyoplankton bay survey from September 1995 to August 1996, were used to determine the size at which pilchards recruit to the bay fishery and whether they spawn within this system. Monthly pilchard catch rates between January 1990 and June 1996 are also described and analysed in terms of environmental variables during that period. Results show that pilchards do not generally attain sexual maturity or spawn within the bay but use it as a nursery area, entering this system mostly as 0+ to 1+ year-o ld juveniles (4–12 cm fork length, FL) in late spring–early summer and returning to sea the following winter. This migration is supported by the marked seasonality in catch rates, which each year peak in March–May and are lowest in August–October. The seasonality was adequately explained by temperature lagged 2 months in a multivariate time-series model. Port Phillip Bay appears to be the only semi-enclosed, shallow marine embayment in temperate Australia that supports a substantial pilchard fishery that, in addition, is based predominantly on juveniles.

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30

SINGLETON, G. R., A. L. SMITH, and C. J. KREBS. "The prevalence of viral antibodies during a large population fluctuation of house mice in Australia." Epidemiology and Infection 125, no. 3 (December 2000): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800004945.

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We studied the seroprevalence of three viruses (mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV), minute virus of mice (MVM), and mouse parvovirus (MPV)) in house mice (Mus domesticus) in 1995–7. In the first year average mouse density was less than 1 mouse/ha. From November 1995 to May 1996 the population increased at an average rate of 7% per week, a doubling time of about 10 weeks. From August 1996 to May 1997 the population increased at an average rate of 10% per week, a doubling time of about 7·5 weeks. From a peak around 250 mice/ha in May 1997, the mouse population fell 19% per week to 5 mice/ha in October 1997. The seroprevalence for all three viruses varied dramatically over time. MCMV had the highest seroprevalence (61·7%), followed by MVM (8·5%) and MPV (18·4%). Time series data indicated that MCMV spread rapidly through the population of mice once trap success was greater than 14% (40–100 mice/ha). By contrast MVM and MPV seroprevalence occurred with a 2–3 month and 3–4 month time lag, respectively. The current study supports the contention that MCMV would be a good carrier for an immunocontraceptive vaccine for controlling field populations of mice.

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31

Butcher, H. R. "Working Group on Future Large Scale Facilities in Astronomy." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 23, no. 1 (1997): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00027772.

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The idea for a Working Group (WG) on “Future Large Scale Facilities in Astronomy” grew from a discussion held on 20 August, 1994, during the IAU General Assembly in The Hague. The IAU Executive Committee approved its formation in August, 1995, and its composition in October, 1995. The WG will remain active at least until the XXIIIrd General Assembly in Kyoto in 1997. Members are: H. Butcher (Chairman), R. Ekers, B. Fort, N. Kardashev, M. Longair, F. Pacini, L. Rodriguez, G. Swarup, Y. Tanaka, H. Tananbaun, and L. Woltjer (ex officio). The WG carries out its work mostly by email and FAX.

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32

Findlay, J. Max, Linda Nykolyn, Tracey B. Lubkey, John H. Wong, Mikael Mouradian, and Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan. "Auditing Carotid Endarterectomy: A Regional Experience." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 29, no. 4 (November 2002): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100002183.

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Background:Proof from randomized controlled trials that carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is efficacious in stroke prevention has resulted in a large resurgence of its use in recent years. We wished to determine if patients in our region were being selected and treated with complication rates consistent with the randomized trials.Methods:We have completed four audits of CEAs performed in our region since 1994, each followed by feed-back of results to the participating surgeons. Operations for > 70% symptomatic stenosis were considered appropriate, those for 50%-69% symptomatic and > 60% asymptomatic stenosis were considered uncertain and all others, including those in medically or neurologically unstable patients, were designated inappropriate. In part 4, the referral source and nature of the patients was also determined.Results:Part 1 (April 1994 - September 1995) found that of 291 CEAs performed 33% were appropriate, 48% were uncertain and 18% were inappropriate, and 40% of patients who underwent CEA were asymptomatic. In part 2 (September 1996 - September 1997) appropriate indications significantly improved to 49% of 184 CEAs (P=0.005), uncertain indications remained nearly the same at 47%, inappropriate indications fell to 4% (P=0.00002), and asymptomatic patients remained at 40%. The results of part 3 (October 1997 - October 1998) remained nearly the same as part 2 (249 CEAs, 47% appropriate, 51% uncertain, 2% inappropriate, 45% asymptomatic). Part 4 (October 1999 - October 2000) results were significantly better than part 3, appropriate indications increasing from 47% to 58% of 222 CEAs (P=0.02), and an elimination of inappropriate operations (P=0.03). Stroke and death complications declined over the study period from an overall rate of 5.2% in part 1 to 2.3% in part 4. In part 4 the majority of patients (69%) were referred to surgeons directly from general practitioners, including 58 (73%) of the 80 asymptomatic patients who underwent CEA.Interpretation:Regular auditing and feedback of results and information to surgeons has resulted in significant and continued improvements in the surgical performance of CEAin our region. Since the majority of patients are referred directly to surgeons by general practitioners, it is important that this group of physicians be familiar with current CEA guidelines.

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Bueno, Norma Catarina, and Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo. "Temporal variation of Nitella furcata subsp. mucronata var. mucronata f. oligospira (Charophyceae) in the Ninféias pond, São Paulo State, southeast Brazil." Acta Botanica Brasilica 20, no. 1 (March 2006): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062006000100001.

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Temporal and spatial variation of Nitella furcata (Roxburgh ex Bruzelius) C. Agardh emend. R.D. Wood subsp. mucronata (A. Braun) R.D. Wood var. mucronata f. oligospira (A. Braun) R.D. Wood were studied at the Ninféias pond (23°38'18.9"S, 46°37'16.3"W), a tropical, shallow, mesotrophic reservoir located in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga Biological Reserve, Municipality of São Paulo, southeast Brazil. Water samples were collected monthly from October/1996 to October/1997 for turbidity, electric conductivity, pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, biomass, and algal phenology analysis. Spatial distribution pattern of algal biomass showed that all four sampling stations were similar among themselves during the whole study period. Regarding the temporal variation, greatest algal total biomass values (98.35-266.06 g.m-2) were measured during the rainy period whereas the smallest ones (48.86-170.56 g.m-2) were detected during the dry period. Algal population density peaked at all four sampling stations from October/1996 to April/1997 (rainy period) when the greatest values of air and water temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, turbidity, total nitrogen, and ammonium were measured allowing favorable conditions for the algal growth. Period from May/1997 (late fall) to October/1997 (early spring) was favorable to the development of reproductive structures (nucules and globules) with consequent decrease of algal biomass and population density, clearly suggesting the greatest energy allocation towards the development of sexual reproductive structures. This fact was confirmed by the canonic correspondence analysis that indicated strong correlation between nucules length and width, number of nucules per plant, and oospores length and width with the low values of pH and high ones of dissolved inorganic matter detected during the dry period. Consequently, environmental factors such as increasing of water temperature and nutrients availability at the Ninféias pond acted decisively towards growth and accumulation of algal biomass.

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Andrews, J., J. Ashby, G. Jevons, T. Marshall, N. Lines, and R. Wise. "A comparison of antimicrobial resistance rates in Gram-positive pathogens isolated in the UK from October 1996 to January 1997 and October 1997 to January 1998." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 45, no. 3 (March 2000): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/45.3.285.

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35

Maragno, Franciéle P., and Sonia Z. Cechin. "Reproductive biology of Leptodactylus fuscus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) in the subtropical climate, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 99, no. 3 (September 2009): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212009000300002.

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The aim of this study was to characterize, for the central region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, the reproductive biology of Leptodactylus fuscus (Schneider, 1799), based on the analysis of gonadal development of males and females, reproductive effort, size-fecundity relationships, and occurrence of sexual dimorphism in body size. Mature individuals were found from October 1996 to February 1997 and from October 1997 to December 1997. The highest input of juveniles in the population was recorded in March 1997. There was a positive and significant correlation between the number of mature individuals and the mean monthly temperature. The population did not present sexual dimorphism in size. Males presented significant correlation only between snout-vent length and testes length. All females had oocytes at four different maturation stages and there were no significant correlations regarding size-fecundity variables. The correlation between ovarian size factor and females snout-vent length was not significant either. The main difference between this population and those that inhabit tropical climate was that temperature was responsible for stimulating the reproduction activity, instead of rainfall.

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36

Sverakova, Slavka. "Mary McIntyre, Context Gallery, Derry, September - October 1997." Circa, no. 82 (1997): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563221.

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Ewart, Mark. "Breda Lynch, Tig Fili Gallery, Cork, October 1997." Circa, no. 82 (1997): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563223.

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Rye, Caroline. "Fotofeis 97, Venues throughout Scotland, October - November 1997." Circa, no. 82 (1997): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563224.

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Kennedy, Brian. "Cultural Baggage, Catalyst Arts, Belfast, October - November 1997." Circa, no. 82 (1997): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563227.

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Jewesbury, Daniel. "Martin Wedge, Ormeau Baths Gallery, Belfast, October 1997." Circa, no. 82 (1997): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563229.

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41

Backer, D. C. "1997 October Event(s) in the Crab Pulsar." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100060395.

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AbstractIn October 1997 daily monitoring observations of the Crab pulsar at 327 MHz and 610 MHz with an 85ft telescope in Green Bank, WV showed a jump in the dispersion by 0.12 cm−3pc. Pulses were seen simultaneously at both old and new dispersions for a period of days. In the months before this event faint ghost emission, a replica of the pulse, was detected with a nearly frequency independent delay that quadratically diminished to zero. There was also a curious shift in the phase, a slowdown, at all frequencies at the time of the dispersion jump. I attribute most of these phenomena to the perturbing optics of a plasma prism that is located in the filamentary interface between the synchrotron nebula and the supernova ejecta and which crosses the line of sight over a period of months. The required density, scale length and velocity are reasonable given detailed HST and previous observations of these filaments.

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42

Dziewonski, A. M., G. Ekström, and N. N. Maternovskaya. "Centroid-moment tensor solutions for October–December, 1997." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 109, no. 3-4 (December 1998): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9201(98)00117-4.

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43

Iwasaki, Y. "The fourth Tohoku Regional Meeting 18 October 1997." Neuropathology 19, no. 1 (January 1999): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1789.1999.0222a.x.

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44

Catchpole, M., G. Hamilton, J. Hawker, and C. Joseph. "Quarterly Communicable Disease Review October to December 1997." Journal of Public Health 20, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024748.

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45

Campillo-Campbell, Carolina, and Ana Gordoa. "Physical and biological variability in the Namibian upwelling system: October 1997–October 2001." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 51, no. 1-3 (January 2004): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.06.001.

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46

Abiyev, Asker Ali. "Doğal sihirli kareler I.Makale." European Journal of Therapeutics 11, no. 1, 2 (January 1, 2000): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.2000-11-1-2-896-arch.

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Sihirli kareler 2000 yıldır aydınların kafasını meşgul etmiştir. Son 250 yılda matematikçiler sihirli karenin ciddi bir matematiksel problem olduğunu ortaya koymuşlardır. Ünlü metamatikçilerin uğraşmasına rağmen bu problem 1996'ya kadar çözülememiştir. Ben 1996 yılında sihirli karelerin doğal algoritmasını buldum. Bu algoritma sonsuza kadar istenen dereceden sihirli kare yazmak olanağını sağlamış bulunuyor. Ben bu keşfimi ilk defa 1. Kızılırmak Fen Bilimleri Kongresi'nde (14-16 Mayıs, 1997, Kırıkkale) sundum. Daha sonra ise İspanya'nın San Feliu de Guixols şehrinde (Research Conference on "Number Theory and Arithmetical Geometry." Spain, 24-29 October, 1997) sayılar teorisi üzerine konferansda sundum.

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Bell, Gerald D., and Michael S. Halpert. "Climate Assessment for 1997." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 79, no. 5s (May 1, 1998): S1—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-79.5s.s1.

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The global climate during 1997 was affected by both extremes of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with weak Pacific cold episode conditions prevailing during January and February, and one of the strongest Pacific warm episodes (El Niño) in the historical record prevailing during the remainder of the year. This warm episode contributed to major regional rainfall and temperature anomalies over large portions of the Tropics and extratropics, which were generally consistent with those observed during past warm episodes. In many regions, these anomalies were opposite to those observed during 1996 and early 1997 in association with Pacific cold episode conditions. Some of the most dramatic El Niño impacts during 1997 were observed in the Tropics, where anomalous convection was evident across the entire Pacific and throughout most major monsoon regions of the world. Tropical regions most affected by excessive El Niño–related rainfall during the year included 1) the eastern half of the tropical Pacific, where extremely heavy rainfall and strong convective activity covered the region from April through December; 2) equatorial eastern Africa, where excessive rainfall during October–December led to widespread flooding and massive property damage; 3) Chile, where a highly amplified and extended South Pacific jet stream brought increased storminess and above-normal rainfall during the winter and spring; 4) southeastern South America, where these same storms produced above-normal rainfall during June–December; and 5) Ecuador and northern Peru, which began receiving excessive rainfall totals in November and December as deep tropical convection spread eastward across the extreme eastern Pacific. In contrast, El Niño-–elated rainfall deficits during 1997 included 1) Indonesia, where significantly below-normal rainfall from June through December resulted in extreme drought and contributed to uncontrolled wildfires; 2) New Guinea, where drought contributed to large-scale food shortages leading to an outbreak of malnutrition; 3) the Amazon Basin, which received below-normal rainfall during June–December in association with substantially reduced tropical convection throughout the region; 4) the tropical Atlantic, which experienced drier than normal conditions during July–December; and 5) central America and the Caribbean Sea, which experienced below-normal rainfall during March–December. The El Niño also contributed to a decrease in tropical storm and hurricane activity over the North Atlantic during August–November, and to an expanded area of conditions favorable for tropical cyclone and hurricane formation over the eastern North Pacific. These conditions are in marked contrast to both the 1995 and 1996 hurricane seasons, in which significantly above-normal tropical cyclone activity was observed over the North Atlantic and suppressed activity prevailed across the eastern North Pacific. Other regional aspects of the short-term climate during 1997 included 1) wetter than average 1996/97 rainy seasons in both northeastern Australia and southern Africa in association with a continuation of weak cold episode conditions into early 1997; 2) below-normal rainfall and drought in southeastern Australia from October 1996 to December 1997 following very wet conditions in this region during most of 1996; 3) widespread flooding in the Red River Valley of the north-central United States during April following an abnormally cold and snowy winter; 4) floods in central Europe during July following several consecutive months of above-normal rainfall; 5) near-record to record rainfall in southeastern Asia during June–August in association with an abnormally weak upper-level monsoon ridge; and 6) near-normal rainfall across India during the Indian monsoon season (June–September) despite the weakened monsoon ridge.

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Portela Dos Santos, Omar, Pauline Melly, Stéphane Joost, and Henk Verloo. "Measuring Nurses’ Knowledge and Awareness of Climate Change and Climate-Associated Diseases: Protocol for a Systematic Review of Existing Instruments." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 20 (October 23, 2023): 6963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20206963.

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Background: Climate change is a health emergency. Each year, it is estimated to cost more than 230 million years of life expectancy, with 4–9 million premature deaths associated with air pollution, and 9 million excess deaths due to non-optimal temperatures, representing 7% more temperature-related deaths since 2015 and 66% more since 2000. Objective: Identify and evaluate the reliability, fidelity, and validity of instruments measuring nurses’ knowledge and awareness of climate change and climate-associated diseases. Methods: A systematic literature review will retrieve and assess studies examining instruments measuring nurses’ knowledge and awareness of climate change and climate-associated diseases. Using predefined search terms for nurses, climate change, literacy and scales or tools, we will search for published articles recorded in the following electronic databases, with no language or date restrictions, from their inception until 31 October 2023: Medline Ovid SP (from 1946), PubMed (NOT Medline[sb], from 1996), Embase.com (from 1947), CINAHL Ebesco (from 1937), the Cochrane Library Wiley (from 1992), Web of Science Core Collection (from 1900), the Trip Database (from 1997), JBI OVID SP (from 1998), and the GreenFILE EBSCO. We will also hand-search relevant articles’ bibliographies and search for unpublished studies using Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and DART-EUrope.eu. This will be completed by exploring the gray literature in OpenGrey and the Grey Literature Report, from inception until 31 October 2023, in collaboration with a librarian. Twelve bibliographic databases will be searched for publications up to 31 October 2023. The papers selected will be assessed for their quality. Results: The electronic database searches were completed in May 2023. Retrieved articles are being screened, and the study will be completed by October 2023. After removing duplicates, our search strategy has retrieved 3449 references. Conclusions: This systematic review will provide specific knowledge about instruments to measure nurses’ knowledge, awareness, motivation, attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, skills, and competencies regarding climate change and climate-associated diseases.

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Petrosky, G. E., and F. Farshad. "Pressure-Volume-Temperature Correlations for Gulf of Mexico Crude Oils." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 1, no. 05 (October 1, 1998): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/51395-pa.

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This paper (SPE 51395) was revised for publication from paper SPE 26644, first presented at the 1993 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, 3-6 October. Original manuscript received for review 25 October 1993. Revised manuscript received 1 October 1997. Paper peer approved 28 January 1998. Summary New empirical pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) correlations for estimating bubblepoint pressure, solution gas-oil ratio (GOR), bubblepoint oil formation volume factor (FVF), and undersaturated isothermal oil compressibility have been developed as a function of commonly available field data. Results show that these PVT properties can be predicted with average absolute errors ranging from 0.64% for bubblepoint oil FVF to 6.66% for undersaturated isothermal oil compressibility. P. 416

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"List of reviewers: October 1996 – September 1997." Control Engineering Practice 5, no. 12 (December 1997): 1780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0661(97)90053-8.

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