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Journal articles on the topic 'Oceans governance'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Oceans governance.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Fairbanks, Luke, Noëlle Boucquey, Lisa M. Campbell, and Sarah Wise. "Remaking Oceans Governance." Environment and Society 10, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ares.2019.100108.

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Marine spatial planning (MSP) seeks to integrate traditionally disconnected oceans activities, management arrangements, and practices through a rational and comprehensive governance system. This article explores the emerging critical literature on MSP, focusing on key elements of MSP engaged by scholars: (1) planning discourse and narrative; (2) ocean economies and equity; (3) online ocean data and new digital ontologies; and (4) new and broad networks of ocean actors. The implications of these elements are then illustrated through a discussion of MSP in the United States. Critical scholars are beginning to go beyond applied or operational critiques of MSP projects to engage the underlying assumptions, practices, and relationships involved in planning. Interrogating MSP with interdisciplinary ideas drawn from critical social science disciplines, such as emerging applications of relational theory at sea, can provide insights into how MSP and other megaprojects both close and open new opportunities for social and environmental well-being.

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2

Haward, Marcus. "National ocean governance and sustainable oceans." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 8, no. 4 (October 2016): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2016.1254897.

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3

Quirk, Genevieve, and Quentin Hanich. "Ocean Diplomacy: The Pacific Island Countries’ Campaign to the UN for an Ocean Sustainable Development Goal." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy 1, no. 1 (June 3, 2016): 68–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519391-00101005.

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In this article we examine how Pacific Island Countries (pics) successfully championed a stand-alone Ocean Sustainable Development Goal (sdg) goal at the United Nations (un). We analyse how the un Post-2015 development process provided pics with a unique opportunity to use their experience with collective diplomacy and regional oceans governance to propose this international goal. In this article we establish how pics’ national and regional quest to strengthen their sovereign rights over marine resources motivated their diplomatic efforts for an Ocean sdg. The campaign was a significant political achievement, positioning these Large Ocean Island States (lois) as global ocean guardians. We critically evaluate the effectiveness of the pics’ diplomatic campaign to secure an international commitment for an Ocean sdg. The pics’ advocacy for Goal 14 under Agenda 2030 has enhanced their political effectiveness in the un by improving their recognition by other States as leaders in oceans governance. We suggest their Ocean sdg campaign forms part of a distinct and continuing brand of oceans diplomacy from Oceania.

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4

Roy, Nalanda. "Reviewing ocean governance in Asia." Asian Journal of Comparative Politics 5, no. 4 (November 20, 2019): 437–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057891119883127.

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Oceans are the life support system for our planet and are vital to human health. It is said that half of the oxygen we breathe is generated by our oceans. However, ocean space is becoming more globalized over time. Hence, it is essential for countries to take up a more holistic approach to ending ocean exploitation on the one hand, and also to ensuring a healthy ocean future on the other. Today, maritime cooperation is key to the management of the global commons, and ocean governance is important in establishing maritime connectivity. This article is a qualitative analysis of how the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) will undertake such an initiative to promote diverse and collaborative ocean governance in Asia. The article will analyze whether ASEAN countries are ready to take up the great power game challenge, and simultaneously motivate each other to promote sustainable development of common ocean governance structures and principles in the region. Last but not the least, we will see how ASEAN (Way) will connect with global trends in order to realize its a vision of building a community conscious of its historical ties and cultural heritage to improve the overall ocean health in Southeast Asia.

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5

George, Mary. "Adequacy of national laws for Malaysian ocean governance for the next decade†." International Journal of Legal Information 40, no. 1-2 (2012): 202–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073112650000648x.

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AbstractCurrent sectoral practices in ocean governance are insufficient to meet the needs of the next decade where the safety and security of navigation in clean and healthy oceans is a priority without compromising the political independence, integrity and security of the nation. The Ocean Law, Policy and Strategic Framework in Malaysia can be said to be a journey of a 1000 miles of which we have currently embarked on a few steps. There are many factors that play an important role in ocean governance such as government commitment, and institutional and human resource capacity. This paper identifies the lacunae in current legal framework and concludes with some pointers for ocean governance purposes to avoid irreversible trends. For the next decade, one way forward to sustainably develop the living resources of the oceans lies in the adoption of an eco-system based approach to oceans management and for the rest of the challenges a cross-sectoral approach may prove effective.

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6

Rubenstein, Daniel B. "Collaborative Oceans Governance: Measuring Efficacy." Ocean Yearbook Online 20, no. 1 (2006): 147–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116001-90000122.

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7

de La Fayette, Louise Angélique. "Oceans Governance in the Arctic." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 23, no. 3 (2008): 531–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092735208x331908.

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AbstractGlobal warming is bringing rapid change to the Arctic. The melting of sea ice and glaciers is increasing faster than scientists predicted even a year ago. Environmental change is forcing legal and economic developments, which in turn will have serious environmental and social consequences. However, the potential for conflict has been greatly exaggerated. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) has established the international legal regime governing the division of ocean space, sovereign rights over ocean resources, protection of the marine environment and the conduct of activities in and under the Arctic Ocean. Furthermore, a number of global environmental and maritime conventions apply to the Arctic. All the land territory, with its resources, is subject to national jurisdiction, as are the maritime zones proceeding seawards to the limits set out in the LOSC. While there is no multilateral political organisation with the power to regulate activities or to take legally binding decisions, there is a cooperative mechanism in the Arctic Council. Once all the maritime boundaries in the Arctic are delimited, the exploitation of resources can begin. However, first, precautionary measures should be adopted to ensure that the environment is protected as much as possible from increases in shipping and fishing as well as oil and gas development. This would require the elaboration of a regional seas agreement for the Arctic, incorporating elements of the Arctic Council, that reiterates the general principles in Part XII of the LOSC as well as those in the UN Fish Stocks Agreement, including the precautionary approach and the ecosystem approach.

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8

Warner, Robin. "Strengthening Governance Frameworks for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity in Areas beyond National Jurisdiction: Southern Hemisphere Perspectives." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 32, no. 4 (November 7, 2017): 607–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-13204064.

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Abstract The southern hemisphere is dominated by oceanic influences with 80% of its surface area consisting of ocean space. It hosts abundant marine biodiversity, which is under increasing pressure from activities such as fisheries and shipping as well as multiple sources of marine pollution and climate change impacts. The process initiated by the un General Assembly Resolution 69/292 to develop the elements of an international legally binding instrument (ilbi) for conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction has the potential to contribute to a more integrated and cross-sectoral system of oceans governance at a global and regional scale. This article examines key features of the existing global and regional ocean governance framework in the southern hemisphere and how the anticipated ilbi might relate to existing ocean governance frameworks.

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9

Hinds, Lennox. "Oceans governance and the implementation gap." Marine Policy 27, no. 4 (July 2003): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-597x(03)00039-3.

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10

Rochette, Julien, Raphaël Billé, Erik J. Molenaar, Petra Drankier, and Lucien Chabason. "Regional oceans governance mechanisms: A review." Marine Policy 60 (October 2015): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.05.012.

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11

Freestone, David. "Principles Applicable to Modern Oceans Governance." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 23, no. 3 (2008): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092735208x331827.

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12

Voigt, Christina. "Oceans, IUU Fishing, and Climate Change: Implications for International Law." International Community Law Review 22, no. 3-4 (August 20, 2020): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341436.

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Abstract Illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing poses a significant threat to marine fisheries and biodiversity only outpaced by the projected impacts of climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. Ocean warming might affect fish stocks, their health and migratory routes. Ocean acidification and de-oxygenation are another two phenomena that might affect certain marine species as well as entire marine ecosystems. Rebuilding of overexploited and depleted fisheries and managing fisheries sustainably will require comprehensive governance structures for port, flag, coastal and market states, which also address the causes and impacts of climate change. Addressing those concerns could open for opportunities for comprehensive and synergetic regulation. This article addresses potential synergies between oceans and climate governance; focusing on the role of oceans in addressing climate change and its adverse impacts. Suggestions to this end include (i) increasing ocean-based renewable energy, (ii) decarbonizing ocean-based transport, and (iii) pursuing integrated management of fisheries and aquaculture.

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13

Currie, D. E., and K. Wowk. "Climate Change and CO2 in the Oceans and Global Oceans Governance." Carbon & Climate Law Review 3, no. 4 (2009): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2009/4/110.

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14

Fasoulis, Ioannis. "Exploring Norway’s Ocean Governance Aptitude against United Nations Global Compact Principles for Sustainable Oceans." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 19, no. 1-2 (April 5, 2022): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-19010007.

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Abstract For many decades, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos) has provided the legal framework for the development of regulations for the protection of the oceans and marine resources. Further to that, and in an ever-changing policy and legal landscape, the United Nations Global Compact (ungc), with its sub-principles for the protection of the oceans, refers to one of the many United Nations (UN) voluntary initiatives that seeks to provide a framework for responsible business practices across maritime sector. In addition, and as a move to comply with the recent United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (sdg s), the ungc has been revised to meet the requirements of sdg 14 for underwater protection and sustainable ocean business conduct. In the wake of such trends, this study explores the context of Norway’s governance framework and, in particular, the extent to which this regime has addressed the principles of the United Nations Global Compact for Sustainable Oceans. Framed by a socio-legal methodological approach, it achieves this by reviewing and contrasting Norwegian ocean policy and regulatory structure with ungc principles for sustainable ocean and marine resource use. We conclude that Norwegian ocean policy and legal status indicate positive transitional standards and perspectives for their harmonization with the ungc principles and, consequently, with the requirements of the sdg 14.

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15

Zulfiqar, Khadija, and M. Jahanzeb Butt. "Preserving Community’s Environmental Interests in a Meta-Ocean Governance Framework towards Sustainable Development Goal 14: A Mechanism of Promoting Coordination between Institutions Responsible for Curbing Marine Pollution." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 9983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179983.

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The United Nations has recently recognised the global community’s environmental interests in ocean governance through the Sustainable Development Goal 14. The marine environmental protection targets stand in need of rejuvenating international environmental law, which fosters interconnection between oceans, climate, and terrestrial ecosystems. The existing literature on this aspect of ocean governance, however, is segregated and lacks an ecosystem-based approach. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the literature on ocean governance with an ecosystem-based approach becomes essential and is conducted through this research. This research has proposed that ocean governance programmes and plans need to be re-arranged under established legal frameworks at national and regional levels. Such a challenge can be addressed by taking the elements of governance provided by the list of targets of sustainable development goals. This research has facilitated the given hypothesis via a meta-ocean-governance framework that incorporates a deliberate regional monitoring system, intergovernmental review, capacity building techniques, national action through strong institutions, scientific decision making, and policy coherence. The idea is to fit the conceptualisation of ocean governance under international environmental law in the existing initiatives within a box of institutions to coordinate and encourage an ecosystem-based approach.

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16

Damayanti, Angel. "Indo-Pacific Maritime Cooperation: ASEAN Mechanisms on Security Towards Global Maritime Governance." Jurnal Global & Strategis 13, no. 1 (April 8, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jgs.13.1.2019.1-44.

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The importance of the sea in the current era of globalization has called all countries for managing their interests at sea as well as their common concern collectively, cooperatively and inclusively. By looking at the notions of the sea as a medium of connectivity and sea as a resource coupled with its vulnerability particularly in Indian and Pacific Oceans, Indo-Pacific maritime cooperation towards global ocean governance accordingly are vital to the international stability, a successful of sea-based trading system and sustainability use of the oceans. Therefore this article discusses the rationale of Indo-Pacific Maritime Cooperation, which made possible by the common concern of countries that locate between the Indian and West Pacific ocean maritime, the vulnerabilities of the region and the existence of various ASEAN’s mechanisms on Maritime Security Cooperation as well as regional regime and international law. Nevertheless, ASEAN needs to note some issues relating to its consolidation as well as the internal challenges in the realization of global maritime governance.

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17

Rothwell, Donald R. "Polar Oceans Governance in the 21st Century." Ocean Yearbook Online 26, no. 1 (2012): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116001-92600086.

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18

Campbell, Lisa M., Noella J. Gray, Luke Fairbanks, Jennifer J. Silver, Rebecca L. Gruby, Bradford A. Dubik, and Xavier Basurto. "Global Oceans Governance: New and Emerging Issues." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 41, no. 1 (November 2016): 517–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102014-021121.

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19

Vince, Joanna, and Marcus Haward. "New Zealand oceans governance: Calming turbulent waters?" Marine Policy 33, no. 2 (March 2009): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2008.09.004.

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20

Haward, Marcus. "Editorial: emerging issues in international oceans governance." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2016.1174358.

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21

Costanza, R. "Principles for Sustainable Governance of the Oceans." Science 281, no. 5374 (July 10, 1998): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5374.198.

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22

Vince, Joanna. "Policy Transfer in Oceans Governance: Learning Lessons from Australia's Oceans Policy Process." Ocean Yearbook Online 22, no. 1 (2008): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221160008x00082.

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23

Warner, Robin. "Oceans of Opportunity and Challenge." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519391-00302002.

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Marine areas beyond national jurisdiction cover approximately forty percent of the planet’s surface. They host abundant marine biodiversity, which is under increasing pressure from activities such as fisheries and shipping as well as multiple sources of marine pollution and climate change impacts. The process initiated by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 69/292 to develop the elements of an international legally binding treaty (ILBI) for conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) has the potential to contribute to a more integrated and cross sectoral system of oceans governance at a global and regional scale. This article reviews the outcome of the Preparatory Committee meetings on the ILBI including areas of convergence and divergence among the negotiating parties. As the process enters the inter-governmental conference phase, it also examines how the anticipated ILBI might enhance existing ocean governance frameworks.

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24

Scott, Karen N. "Does Aotearoa New Zealand Need an Oceans Policy for Modern Ocean Governance?" Ocean Yearbook Online 35, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 271–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116001_03501010.

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25

Fuentes-George, Kemi. "Consensus, Certainty, and Catastrophe: Discourse, Governance, and Ocean Iron Fertilization." Global Environmental Politics 17, no. 2 (May 2017): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00404.

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States, transnational networks of scientists, corporate actors, and institutions in the climate change regime have known for decades that iron ore, when dumped in the ocean, can stimulate the growth of plankton. Over the past twenty years, normative disagreements about appropriate behavior have shaped international governance of the phenomenon. Prior to 2007, firms lobbied governments to treat the oceans as a carbon sink and to allow corporations that dumped iron to sell carbon credits on the international market. However, after 2007 a transnational coalition of oceanographers and advocates opposed this agenda by linking it to an emergent antigeoengineering discourse. Crucial to their efforts was their interpretation of uncertainty: for opponents, scientific uncertainty implied possibly devastating consequences of iron dumping, which was thus best addressed with extreme caution. This normative approach ultimately shaped governance, since advocates successfully used it to lobby institutions in ocean governance to prevent carbon credits from being issued for ocean fertilization. Since these subjective understandings of certainty influenced global ocean governance, this article explains international behavior as a consequence of changing norms.

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26

Wang, Dustin Kuan-Hsiung. "Fill the Gap between Law and Governance." Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 9, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134484-12340145.

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Abstract The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) clearly address the difference as well as recognize the correlations among seventeen sustainable development dimensions. The SDGs also play an important role for the international community to pay attention to our future living. Taking oceans for instance, they are the biggest ecosystems on our planet, and their health are essential to our survival. In terms of conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and marine resource under SDG 14, several targets were agreed upon by the UN member States to help guide decision-making with regard to oceans, such as conserving marine and coastal areas in agreement with international and national laws and using the latest scientific information. This article mainly focuses on the matters of conserving and managing international fishery resources. It also addresses the issues between international law and global governance with perspectives on the implementation of SDG 14. This article concludes that in order to effectively implement international fishery laws and to reach the targets that SDGs have postulated, eliminating the commercial benefits might be the necessary consideration in filling the gap between international fishery law and fishery governance.

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27

Chan, Nicholas. "“Large Ocean States”: Sovereignty, Small Islands, and Marine Protected Areas in Global Oceans Governance." Global Governance 24, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 537–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02404005.

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Abstract Small island states are typically portrayed as vulnerable and insignificant actors in international affairs. This article traces the emerging self-identification of “large ocean states” that these small island states in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are now employing, juxtaposing their miniscule landmass and populations with the possession of sovereign authority over large swathes of the world’s oceans. Such authority is increasingly being exercised in the context of biodiversity conservation through expanding marine protected areas (an element of both the Sustainable Development Goals and the Aichi Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity) as an expression of “ecological responsibility.” This new exercise of green sovereignty reinforces state control over spaces previously governed only at a distance, but control made possible only through compromises with nonstate actors to fund, monitor, and govern these MPAs.

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28

배규성. "The Issues and Oceans Governance in the Arctic." 21st centry Political Science Review 20, no. 3 (December 2010): 457–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17937/topsr.20.3.201012.457.

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29

Vince, Joanna. "Oceans governance and marine spatial planning in Australia." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2014.888137.

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30

Shaw, Janette. "A framework for oceans – lessons in environmental governance." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 11, no. 3 (June 23, 2019): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2019.1633988.

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31

Costanza, Robert, Francisco Andrade, Paula Antunes, Marjan van den Belt, Don Boesch, Dee Boersma, Fernando Catarino, et al. "Ecological economics and sustainable governance of the oceans." Ecological Economics 31, no. 2 (November 1999): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8009(99)00077-4.

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32

McLean, Craig. "Global Ocean Observing System: Governance and Contributions—A Panel Report From OCEANS 2016." Marine Technology Society Journal 51, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.51.3.4.

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33

Drakopulos, Lauren, Elizabeth Havice, and Lisa Campbell. "Architecture, agency and ocean data science initiatives: Data-driven transformation of oceans governance." Earth System Governance 12 (April 2022): 100140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2022.100140.

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34

Cozens, Peter. "Commentary: Some reflections on recent oceans policy and oceans governance issues in New Zealand." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2014.888132.

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35

Fabinyi, Michael, Annie Wu, Sallie Lau, Tabitha Mallory, Kate Barclay, Kathleen Walsh, and Wolfram Dressler. "China’s Blue Economy: A State Project of Modernisation." Journal of Environment & Development 30, no. 2 (April 22, 2021): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496521995872.

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The blue economy is a globally emerging concept for ocean governance that seeks to tap the economic potential of the oceans in environmentally sustainable ways. Yet, understanding and implementation of particular visions of the blue economy in specific regions diverge according to national and other contexts. Drawing on a discourse analysis of Chinese language documents, this article assesses how the blue economy has been conceptualised in Chinese state policy and discourse. Part of a state ideology and practice of modernisation that is defined in terms of rejuvenation under a strong state, the blue economy in China is seen as an opportunity to promote modernisation from overlapping economic, geopolitical and ecological perspectives and actions. China’s distinctive model for the blue economy presents emerging challenges for global ocean governance.

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36

Foley, Paul. "Proximity politics in changing oceans." Maritime Studies 21, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-021-00253-y.

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AbstractHow will ocean governance actors and institutions handle a future where the abundance and spatial distribution of marine life changes rapidly and variably? The answer, this paper argues, will be influenced by inherited and changing ocean proximity politics, whereby institutions and actors use spatial proximity or adjacency to legitimize particular forms of resource control, conservation and use. Focusing on United Nations and Canadian institutional contexts and recognizing state and non-state actors as agents of policy change, the paper documents and examines why and how spatial proximity has been invoked (i) as a principle for claiming, defining and implementing use rights, privileges and responsibilities for not just nation-states but also for other entities such as coastal communities and small-scale fisheries; (ii) to justify and legitimize rights, privileges and responsibilities for their interest and benefit; and (iii) to inform and challenge global and local discussions about principles such as conservation, sustainability and distributive equity. The future practical use of spatial closeness/distance for guiding policies of access and exclusion under conditions of change will likely be influenced by challenges associated with applying multiple and conflicting governance principles, accommodating diverse interests and interpretations of principle definition and application, and multiple forms of biophysical and social mobilities. The conclusion highlights four areas of further research and policy engagement for the study of ocean proximity politics.

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37

Craig, Robin Kundis. "Marine Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Governance of the Oceans." Diversity 4, no. 2 (May 18, 2012): 224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d4020224.

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38

Bakker, Karen. "Smart Oceans: Artificial intelligence and marine protected area governance." Earth System Governance 13 (August 2022): 100141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2022.100141.

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39

Sumaila, U. Rashid. "Seas, Oceans and Fisheries: A Challenge for Good Governance." Round Table 101, no. 2 (April 2012): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2012.661532.

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40

Silver, Jennifer J., Noella J. Gray, Lisa M. Campbell, Luke W. Fairbanks, and Rebecca L. Gruby. "Blue Economy and Competing Discourses in International Oceans Governance." Journal of Environment & Development 24, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496515580797.

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41

Hoel, Alf Håkon. "Polar oceans governance in an era of environmental change." Polar Journal 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2014): 413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2154896x.2014.960678.

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42

Haward, Marcus. "Multi-level oceans and maritime governance: insights and challenges." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 8, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2016.1235866.

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43

Hoagland, Porter, and Andrew R. Solow. "Regional Ocean Governance: A Critique of Two Recent Proposals." Marine Technology Society Journal 38, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533204787522325.

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Two recent expert panels, the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy and the Pew Oceans Commission, have focused on analyzing and proposing solutions to the ocean management problems of the United States. Both panels have come up with concrete and detailed recommendations for mitigating governance problems that have plagued this field for decades. Many of the recommendations are specific and useful, and the panels have provided a service to the nation in constructing them. In this article, we consider the sets of recommendations pertaining specifically to institutions of regional ocean governance. Unlike the majority of recommendations, which are very helpful, we argue that the proposals from both panels for regional ocean governance are not well-developed. We formulate a critique along three lines. First, to be effective, regional institutions must be tailored to the scale of specific problems and focused on those problems. Second, the political entities that comprise the membership of a regional institution must have tangible incentives to participate in decision making. Third, the right to use the resources of those areas of the ocean under U.S. jurisdiction belong to the nation, not to any particular region. We conclude that the nation must pay attention to the lessons of other attempts at regional governance, otherwise it may end up with a system of management that seems simple in concept but merely symbolic in practice.

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44

Freestone, David. "Sustainable Development, Ocean Governance and Marine Protected Areas." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy 4, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519391-00402002.

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By 2020, at least ten percent of the global oceans should be subject to area-based protection according to the target agreed by the parties to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity in 2010 (Aichi Biodiversity Targets) and reiterated in 2015 Sustainable Development Goal 14.5. This paper looks at the Sustainable Development Goals and the evolution of the concept of Sustainable Development, distinguishing it from international environmental law. Then it looks at the way in which the goals relate to ocean governance and the current lacunae in the system established by the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and the negotiations within the UN to address the issue of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in area beyond national jurisdiction. In particular, it looks at the sectoral approaches to area-based protection in areas beyond national jurisdiction, where currently iucn reports that only 1.18% is protected.

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Quirk, Genevieve C., and Harriet R. Harden-Davies. "Cooperation, Competence and Coherence: The Role of Regional Ocean Governance in the South West Pacific for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity beyond National Jurisdiction." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 32, no. 4 (November 7, 2017): 672–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-13204022.

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Abstract unga Resolution 69/292 requires that the development of an international legally binding instrument (ilbi) for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj) under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea should not undermine existing relevant legal instruments and frameworks and relevant global, regional and sectoral bodies. The South West Pacific regional oceans governance framework is reviewed, highlighting the importance of dedicated mechanisms for cooperation in the integration of regional institutions and in collective diplomacy for the development of an ilbi. It is argued a sufficiently inclusive description of existing arrangements under an ilbi is needed to not undermine the competence or integration of the regional architecture for oceans’ governance. Shared governance principles between an ilbi and existing regional governance architecture could play an important role in preserving coherence and contribute to ensuring regional standards for conservation of bbnj are not diminished.

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Dauvergne, Peter. "Why is the global governance of plastic failing the oceans?" Global Environmental Change 51 (July 2018): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.05.002.

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Vince, Joanna, and Melissa Nursey-Bray. "Policy capacity in oceans governance: Rio+20 and Australia’s outcomes." Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs 8, no. 3 (June 29, 2016): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2016.1201643.

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Gaunce, Julia, Jan Solski, Iva Parlov, and Maria Madalena das Neves. "Anthropocentric Ocean Connectivity: A Pluralistic Legal-Regulatory Model." Arctic Review on Law and Politics 12 (2021): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/arctic.v12.3293.

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This article proposes a model of anthropocentric ocean connectivity based on the concept of human perspective as location. Within this location, anthropocentrism can be, but is not necessarily, an exclusive or dominant valuation of the human. In fact, conceptions of both anthropocentrism and of ocean connectivity are pluralistic. These and other pluralisms are borne out in this article’s content and structure, which takes the form of explorations of anthropocentric connectivity in relation to four specific ocean-related human activities. First, Jan Solski applies understandings of connectivity as “flow” in the context of strategic ocean geopolitics. Second, Iva Parlov analyzes current doctrinal issues and interactions at the international level with respect to the legal regime for places of refuge for ships in need of assistance. Third, Maria Madalena das Neves examines ocean connectivity in the context of transboundary energy trade and market integration, with particular attention to geopolitical and ecological connectivity. Finally, Julia Gaunce proposes that the making and application of transnational rules and standards for ships in polar waters enhances certain connections and disrupts others, to the detriment of oceans and people, and that broadening connectivity especially in respect of Arctic Indigenous people(s) could help address challenges faced by oceans and ocean governance.

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Núñez-Sánchez, Miguel J., and Luis Pérez Rojas. "Developing a bottom-up approach with performance indicators for ocean governance and sustainability in the fisheries sector for United Nations interagency cooperation." Maritime Technology and Research 4, no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 257987. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2022.257987.

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Oceans provide sustainability for the planet and fisheries is a key sector operating in them, however the regulatory regime in regions such as the high seas is weak due to its lack of development and enforcement. Administrations may find difficult to combine different interests and cater for small communities while breaking ground in sustainability. This paper sets a bottom up approach for sustainability in fisheries after a consultation with Maritime Administrations from Africa, America and Oceania to set indicators to assist in the governance of the ocean in areas under the purview of FAO, ILO and IMO. These indicators were connected to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and when further adjusted via interagency cooperation may assist developing and develop countries, to measure sustainability in their territorial waters and exclusive economic zones, supporting governance at all levels. They have the potential to be expanded to the high seas and integrate a top down approach consistent with the work of the UN and its agencies to fight illegal unreported and unregulated fishing. It is also demonstrated that sustainability analysis in the current agendas of the UN Agencies is possible.

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McFerren, G., R. Molapo, and B. McAlister. "REPEATABLE DEPLOYMENT OF AN OPEN STANDARDS, OPEN SOURCE AND OPEN DATA STACK FOR BUILDING A FEDERATED MARINE DATA MANAGEMENT AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SOUTH AFRICA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W8 (July 11, 2018): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w8-139-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The National Oceans and Coastal Information Management System (OCIMS) of South Africa is a large, integrated IT system for enhancing oceans, coastal and maritime governance, and supporting sustainable economic utilisation of ocean and coastal resources. This article is a case study, describing how a range of Free and Open Source Software are deployed to generate the Open Standards based core of this federated system for providing decision support applications in addition to data and information management, access and dissemination services. This article demonstrates the importance of modern software development and deployment approaches in constructing the OCIMS core and easing the integration process with other systems in the federation. Finally, this article discusses some lessons learned and reflects on the lineage of OCIMS architectural choices and how these approaches may need to adapt to changing computing environments.</p>

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