Journal articles: 'Oceanographic modelling'

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Alvarez-Berastegui, Diego, Manuel Hidalgo, María Pilar Tugores, Patricia Reglero, Alberto Aparicio-González, Lorenzo Ciannelli, Mélanie Juza, et al. "Pelagic seascape ecology for operational fisheries oceanography: modelling and predicting spawning distribution of Atlantic bluefin tuna in Western Mediterranean." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 7 (April 13, 2016): 1851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw041.

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Abstract The ecology of highly migratory marine species is tightly linked to dynamic oceanographic processes occurring in the pelagic environment. Developing and applying techniques to characterize the spatio-temporal variability of these processes using operational oceanographic data is a challenge for management and conservation. Here we evaluate the possibility of modelling and predicting spawning habitats of Atlantic bluefin tuna in the Western Mediterranean, using pelagic seascape metrics specifically designed to capture the dynamic processes affecting the spawning ecology this species. The different seascape metrics applied were processed from operational oceanographic data products providing information about the temporal and spatial variability of sea surface temperature, kinetic energy and chlorophyll a. Spawning locations were identified using larval abundances sampled in the Balearic Sea, one of the main reproductive areas for this species in the Mediterranean Sea. Results confirm the high dependence of bluefin tuna spawning ecology on mesoscale oceanographic processes while providing spawning habitat maps as a tool for bluefin tuna assessment and management, based on operational oceanographic data. Finally, we discuss the coming challenges that operational fisheries oceanography and pelagic seascape ecology face to become fully implemented as predictive tools.

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Vsemirnova, E. A., R. W. Hobbs, and P. Hosegood. "Mapping turbidity layers using seismic oceanography methods." Ocean Science 8, no. 1 (January 10, 2012): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-8-11-2012.

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Abstract. Using a combination of seismic oceanographic and physical oceanographic data acquired across the Faroe-Shetland Channel we present evidence of a turbidity layer that transports suspended sediment along the western boundary of the Channel. We focus on reflections observed on seismic data close to the sea-bed on the Faroese side of the Channel below 900 m. Forward modelling based on independent physical oceanographic data show that thermohaline structure does not explain these near sea-bed reflections but they are consistent with optical backscatter data, dry matter concentrations from water samples and from seabed sediment traps. Hence we conclude that an impedance contrast in water column caused by turbidity layers is strong enough to be seen in seismic sections and this provides a new way to visualise this type of current and its lateral structure. By inverting the seismic data we estimate a sediment concentration in the turbidity layers, present at the time of the survey, of 45 ± 25 mg l−1. We believe this is the first direct observation of a turbidity current using Seismic Oceanography.

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Vsemirnova, E. A., and R. W. Hobbs. "Mapping turbidity currents using seismic oceanography." Ocean Science Discussions 8, no. 4 (August 18, 2011): 1803–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1803-2011.

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Abstract. Using a combination of seismic oceanographic and physical oceanographic data acquired across the Faroe-Shetland Channel we present evidence of a turbidity current that transports suspended sediment along the western boundary of the Channel. We focus on reflections observed on seismic data close to the sea-bed on the Faroese side of the Channel below 900m. Forward modelling based on independent physical oceanographic data show that thermohaline structure does not explain these near sea-bed reflections but they are consistent with optical backscatter data, dry matter concentrations from water samples and from seabed sediment traps. Hence we conclude that an impedance contrast in water column caused by turbidity currents is strong enough to be seen in seismic sections and this provides a new way to visualise this type of current and its lateral structure. By inverting the seismic data we estimate a sediment concentration in the turbidity current, present at the time of the survey, of 45 ± 25 mg l−1. We believe this is the first direct observation of a turbidity current using Seismic Oceanography.

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She, Jun, Icarus Allen, Erik Buch, Alessandro Crise, Johnny A. Johannessen, Pierre-Yves Le Traon, Urmas Lips, et al. "Developing European operational oceanography for Blue Growth, climate change adaptation and mitigation, and ecosystem-based management." Ocean Science 12, no. 4 (July 26, 2016): 953–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-12-953-2016.

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Abstract. Operational approaches have been more and more widely developed and used for providing marine data and information services for different socio-economic sectors of the Blue Growth and to advance knowledge about the marine environment. The objective of operational oceanographic research is to develop and improve the efficiency, timeliness, robustness and product quality of this approach. This white paper aims to address key scientific challenges and research priorities for the development of operational oceanography in Europe for the next 5–10 years. Knowledge gaps and deficiencies are identified in relation to common scientific challenges in four EuroGOOS knowledge areas: European Ocean Observations, Modelling and Forecasting Technology, Coastal Operational Oceanography and Operational Ecology. The areas “European Ocean Observations” and “Modelling and Forecasting Technology” focus on the further advancement of the basic instruments and capacities for European operational oceanography, while “Coastal Operational Oceanography” and “Operational Ecology” aim at developing new operational approaches for the corresponding knowledge areas.

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Garrett, Chris. "Oceanographic and modelling considerations in marine environmental protection." Marine Pollution Bulletin 25, no. 1-4 (January 1992): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(92)90182-6.

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Davies, Alan M., and Lie-Yauw Oey. "Recent developments in physical oceanographic modelling: Part III." Continental Shelf Research 26, no. 12-13 (August 2006): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.05.002.

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Davies, Alan M., and Lie-Yauw Oey. "Recent developments in physical oceanographic modelling: Part IV." Continental Shelf Research 27, no. 9 (May 2007): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.01.006.

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Lee, Patricia L. M., Michael N. Dawson, Simon P. Neill, Peter E. Robins, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Thomas K. Doyle, and Graeme C. Hays. "Identification of genetically and oceanographically distinct blooms of jellyfish." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 80 (March 6, 2013): 20120920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0920.

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Reports of nuisance jellyfish blooms have increased worldwide during the last half-century, but the possible causes remain unclear. A persistent difficulty lies in identifying whether blooms occur owing to local or regional processes. This issue can be resolved, in part, by establishing the geographical scales of connectivity among locations, which may be addressed using genetic analyses and oceanographic modelling. We used landscape genetics and Lagrangian modelling of oceanographic dispersal to explore patterns of connectivity in the scyphozoan jellyfish Rhizostoma octopus , which occurs en masse at locations in the Irish Sea and northeastern Atlantic. We found significant genetic structure distinguishing three populations, with both consistencies and inconsistencies with prevailing physical oceanographic patterns. Our analyses identify locations where blooms occur in apparently geographically isolated populations, locations where blooms may be the source or result of migrants, and a location where blooms do not occur consistently and jellyfish are mostly immigrant. Our interdisciplinary approach thus provides a means to ascertain the geographical origins of jellyfish in outbreaks, which may have wide utility as increased international efforts investigate jellyfish blooms.

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Thompson, Keith R., Michael Dowd, Youyu Lu, and Bruce Smith. "Oceanographic data assimilation and regression analysis." Environmetrics 11, no. 2 (March 2000): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-095x(200003/04)11:2<183::aid-env401>3.0.co;2-h.

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Signell, Richard P., Sandro Carniel, Luigi Cavaleri, Jacopo Chiggiato, James D. Doyle, Julie Pullen, and Mauro Sclavo. "Assessment of wind quality for oceanographic modelling in semi-enclosed basins." Journal of Marine Systems 53, no. 1-4 (January 2005): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2004.03.006.

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Rojas, Jorge, Ganzorig Baatar, Francisco Cuellar, Mike Eichhorn, and Thomas Glotzbach. "Modelling and Essential Control of an Oceanographic Monitoring Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 29 (2018): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.09.495.

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Curran, J. C. "Effluent disposal and the physical environment." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 90 (1986): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000004905.

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SynopsisA review is given of some of the hydrodynamic features of the Clyde Estuary and examples are used to emphasise their relevance to an understanding of the effect of pollution on water quality. Computer modelling of the estuary and its role in pollution management are briefly described.Reference is made to the oceanographic survey methods regularly employed in the Firth of Clyde and examples provided of the results and their application to pollution studies. The potential for computer modelling of coastal waters is stressed.

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Mintourakis, I., G. Panou, and D. Paradissis. "Evaluation of ocean circulation models in the computation of the mean dynamic topography for geodetic applications. Case study in the Greek seas." Journal of Geodetic Science 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 154–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jogs-2019-0015.

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Abstract Precise knowledge of the oceanic Mean Dynamic Topography (MDT) is crucial for a number of geodetic applications, such as vertical datum unification and marine geoid modelling. The lack of gravity surveys over many regions of the Greek seas and the incapacity of the space borne gradiometry/gravity missions to resolve the small and medium wavelengths of the geoid led to the investigation of the oceanographic approach for computing the MDT. We compute two new regional MDT surfaces after averaging, for given epochs, the periodic gridded solutions of the Dynamic Ocean Topography (DOT) provided by two ocean circulation models. These newly developed regional MDT surfaces are compared to three state-of-theart models, which represent the oceanographic, the geodetic and the mixed oceanographic/geodetic approaches in the implementation of the MDT, respectively. Based on these comparisons, we discuss the differences between the three approaches for the case study area and we present some valuable findings regarding the computation of the regional MDT. Furthermore, in order to have an estimate of the precision of the oceanographic approach, we apply extensive evaluation tests on the ability of the two regional ocean circulation models to track the sea level variations by comparing their solutions to tide gauge records and satellite altimetry Sea Level Anomalies (SLA) data. The overall findings support the claim that, for the computation of the MDT surface due to the lack of geodetic data and to limitations of the Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) in the case study area, the oceanographic approach is preferable over the geodetic or the mixed oceano-graphic/geodetic approaches.

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Rosas, Eloah, Flávio Martins, and João Janeiro. "Marine Litter on the Coast of the Algarve: Main Sources and Distribution Using a Modeling Approach." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040412.

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The accumulation of floating marine litter poses a serious threat to the global environment and the economy all over the world, particularly of coastal municipalities that rely on tourism and recreational activities. Data of marine litter is thus crucial, but is usually limited, and can be complemented with modelling results. In this study, the operational modelling system of Algarve (SOMA) was combined with a Lagrangian particle-tracking model and blended with scarce litter monitoring data, to provide first insights into the distribution and accumulation of floating marine litter on the Algarve coast. Different meteo-oceanographic conditions, sources regions and wind drift behaviors were considered. Field data and model results show a considerable concentration of marine litter along the beaches and coastal regions. The model also suggests that oceanographic conditions and wind drift have a great influence on the transport and accumulation rate of the floating marine litter on the coast, with the highest rates of accumulation during the winter and the counter current period, concentrated mostly on the south-western coast of the Algarve.

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Torri, M., R. Corrado, F. Falcini, A. Cuttitta, L. Palatella, G. Lacorata, B. Patti, M. Arculeo, S. Mazzola, and R. Santoleri. "Wind forcing and fate of <i>Sardinella aurita</i> eggs and larvae in the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea)." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 5 (September 9, 2015): 2097–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2097-2015.

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Abstract. Multidisciplinary studies are recently seeking to define diagnostic tools for fishery sustainability by coupling ichthyoplanktonic datasets, physical and bio-geochemical oceanographic measurements, and ocean modelling. The main goal of these efforts is the understanding of those processes that control fate and dispersion of fish larvae and eggs and thus tune the inter-annual variability of biomass of fish species. We here analyzed eggs and larvae distribution and biological features of Sardinella aurita in the northeast sector of the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea) collected during the 2010 and 2011 summer cruises. We make use of satellite sea surface temperature, wind, and chlorophyll data to recognize the main oceanographic patterns that mark eggs and larvae transport processes and we pair these data with Lagrangian runs. To provide a physical explanation of the transport processes that we observe, we hire a potential vorticity (PV) model that takes into account the role of wind stress in generating those cold filaments responsible for the offshore delivery of eggs and larvae. Our results show that the strong offshore transport towards Malta occurring in 2010 is related to a persistent wind forcing along the southern Sicilian coast that generated an observable cold filament. Such a pattern is not found in the 2011 analysis, which indeed shows a more favorable condition for sardinella larvae recruiting with a weak offshore transport. Our results want to add some insights regarding operational oceanography for sustainable fishery.

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Suhana, Mario Putra, I. Wayan Nurjaya, and Nyoman Metta N. Natih. "Patterns and Tidal Characteristics of East Coast of Bintan Island, Riau Archipelago Province." Journal of Applied Geospatial Information 2, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jagi.v2i1.642.

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Tide is one of the important factors that affect the oceanographic processes around widely as waters flow. Tides also give significant effects against the dynamic of coastal area. This research was conducted considering the importance roles of tides data against all oceanographic phenomenon that gives the effects on activities around the area of coastal waters. This research was conducted around the area of east coast of Bintan Island Riau Archipelago Province in December 2017. Tidal data is retrieved from the global tidal modelling uses MIKE 21. The results of the analysis show the range of tidal height on the east coast of Bintan Island during 2007-2017 is 0.70-3.50 m of height range with the average of mean sea level (MSL) is 2.20-2.60 m. Generally, tidal fluctuations on east coast of Bintan Island form an asymmetric pattern which is a common pattern occurring in any waters. The tidal type of the east coast of Bintan Island is mixed predominantly semi diurnal with the value of formzahl number in each station respectively is 1.19-1.44. The interesting phenomenon obtained from this research is during 2007-2017 the maximum of sea level height in each station tends to decrease, this is considered attractive because over the past 20 years earth surface temperature have tended to increase so that melting of ice in polar has implications for increasing of sea water volume. Keywords: Tide, harmonics component, oceanography, east coast of Bintan Island

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Thiem, Ø., J. Berntsen, T. Eldevik, and G. Alendal. "Gas exploration beyond the shelf break: An oceanographic challenge." Environmental Modelling & Software 21, no. 2 (February 2006): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.05.008.

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Müller-Navarra, Sylvin, and Ingrid Bork. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPERATIONAL ELBE TIDAL ESTUARY MODEL." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 26, 2011): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.48.

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Due to local tidal conditions, vessels coming in from the North Sea and bound for the port of Hamburg – more than 100 km upstream – require continually updated hydrological and oceanographic forecasts. The principal objective of the research project OPTEL (Operational Elbe Tidal Estuary Model) is to provide hydrological and oceanographic forecasts about water levels, depths, currents, salinity, temperature and ice conditions for any tidally influenced place on the river Elbe. By using a numerical model, it is ensured that water levels and currents are coupled dynamically, which allows peak water levels, slack water times, and – in 3D modelling – flow profile to be modelled in a physically consistent way and with high resemblance to natural conditions. The model concept including model output statistics (MOS) and first model results are presented.

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Holt, Jason, James Harle, Roger Proctor, Sylvain Michel, Mike Ashworth, Crispian Batstone, Icarus Allen, et al. "Modelling the global coastal ocean." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1890 (December 16, 2008): 939–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0210.

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Shelf and coastal seas are regions of exceptionally high biological productivity, high rates of biogeochemical cycling and immense socio-economic importance. They are, however, poorly represented by the present generation of Earth system models, both in terms of resolution and process representation. Hence, these models cannot be used to elucidate the role of the coastal ocean in global biogeochemical cycles and the effects global change (both direct anthropogenic and climatic) are having on them. Here, we present a system for simulating all the coastal regions around the world (the Global Coastal Ocean Modelling System) in a systematic and practical fashion. It is based on automatically generating multiple nested model domains, using the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System coupled to the European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model. Preliminary results from the system are presented. These demonstrate the viability of the concept, and we discuss the prospects for using the system to explore key areas of global change in shelf seas, such as their role in the carbon cycle and climate change effects on fisheries.

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Vankevich, Roman E., Ekaterina V. Sofina, Tatiana E. Eremina, Vladimir A. Ryabchenko, Mikhail S. Molchanov, and Alexey V. Isaev. "Effects of lateral processes on the seasonal water stratification of the Gulf of Finland: 3-D NEMO-based model study." Ocean Science 12, no. 4 (August 22, 2016): 987–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-12-987-2016.

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Abstract. This paper aims to fill the gaps in knowledge of processes affecting the seasonal water stratification in the Gulf of Finland (GOF). We used a state-of-the-art modelling framework NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) designed for oceanographic research, operational oceanography, seasonal forecasting, and climate studies to build an eddy-resolving model of the GOF. To evaluate the model skill and performance, two different solutions were obtained on 0.5 km eddy-resolving and commonly used 2 km grids for a 1-year simulation. We also explore the efficacy of non-hydrostatic effect (convection) parameterizations available in NEMO for coastal application. It is found that the solutions resolving submesoscales have a more complex mixed layer structure in the regions of the GOF directly affected by the upwelling/downwelling and intrusions from the open Baltic Sea. Presented model estimations of the upper mixed layer depth are in good agreement with in situ CTD (BED) data. A number of model sensitivity tests to the vertical mixing parameterization confirm the model's robustness. Further progress in the submesoscale process simulation and understanding is apparently not connected mainly with the finer resolution of the grids, but with the use of non-hydrostatic models because of the failure of the hydrostatic approach at submesoscale.

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Liebrand, D., L. J. Lourens, D. A. Hodell, B. de Boer, R. S. W. van de Wal, and H. Pälike. "Antarctic ice sheet and oceanographic response to eccentricity forcing during the early Miocene." Climate of the Past 7, no. 3 (August 12, 2011): 869–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-869-2011.

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Abstract. Stable isotope records of benthic foraminifera from ODP Site 1264 in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean are presented which resolve the latest Oligocene to early Miocene (~24–19 Ma) climate changes at high temporal resolution (<3 kyr). Using an inverse modelling technique, we decomposed the oxygen isotope record into temperature and ice volume and found that the Antarctic ice sheet expanded episodically during the declining phase of the long-term (~400 kyr) eccentricity cycle and subsequent low short-term (~100 kyr) eccentricity cycle. The largest glaciations are separated by multiple long-term eccentricity cycles, indicating the involvement of a non-linear response mechanism. Our modelling results suggest that during the largest (Mi-1) event, Antarctic ice sheet volume expanded up to its present-day configuration. In addition, we found that distinct ~100 kyr variability occurs during the termination phases of the major Antarctic glaciations, suggesting that climate and ice-sheet response was more susceptible to short-term eccentricity forcing at these times. During two of these termination-phases, δ18O bottom water gradients in the Atlantic ceased to exist, indicating a direct link between global climate, enhanced ice-sheet instability and major oceanographic reorganisations.

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Grad, Marek, Rolf Mjelde, Wojciech Czuba, Aleksander Guterch, and Johannes Schweitzer. "Modelling of seafloor multiples observed in OBS data from the North Atlantic - new seismic tool for oceanography?" Polish Polar Research 32, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 375–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10183-011-0027-3.

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Modelling of seafloor multiples observed in OBS data from the North Atlantic - new seismic tool for oceanography?In marine seismic wide-angle profiling the recorded wave field is dominated by waves propagating in the water. These strong direct and multiple water waves are generally treated as noise, and considerable processing efforts are employed in order minimize their influences. In this paper we demonstrate how the water arrivals can be used to determine the water velocity beneath the seismic wide-angle profile acquired in the Northern Atlantic. The pattern of water multiples generated by air-guns and recorded by Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) changes with ocean depth and allows determination of 2D model of velocity. Along the profile, the water velocity is found to change from about 1450 to approximately 1490 m/s. In the uppermost 400 m the velocities are in the range of 1455-1475 m/s, corresponding to the oceanic thermocline. In the deep ocean there is a velocity decrease with depth, and a minimum velocity of about 1450 m/s is reached at about 1.5 km depth. Below that, the velocity increases to about 1495 m/s at approximately 2.5 km depth. Our model compares well with estimates from CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) data collected nearby, suggesting that the modelling of water multiples from OBS data might become an important oceanographic tool.

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Woolf, A., B. Lawrence, R. Lowry, K. Kleese van Dam, R. Cramer, M. Gutierrez, S. Kondapalli, et al. "Data integration with the Climate Science Modelling Language." Advances in Geosciences 8 (June 6, 2006): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-8-83-2006.

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Abstract. The Climate Science Modelling Language (CSML) has been developed by the NERC DataGrid (NDG) project as a standards-based data model and XML markup for describing and constructing climate science datasets. It uses conceptual models from emerging standards in GIS to define a number of feature types, and adopts schemas of the Geography Markup Language (GML) where possible for encoding. A prototype deployment of CSML is being trialled across the curated archives of the British Atmospheric and Oceanographic Data Centres. These data include a wide range of data types – both observational and model – and heterogeneous file-based storage systems. CSML provides a semantic abstraction layer for data files, and is exposed through higher level data delivery services. In NDG these will include file instantiation services (for formats of choice) and the web services of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

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Jalali, Ali, Mary Young, Zhi Huang, Harry Gorfine, and Daniel Ierodiaconou. "Modelling current and future abundances of benthic invertebrates using bathymetric LiDAR and oceanographic variables." Fisheries Oceanography 27, no. 6 (July 3, 2018): 587–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fog.12280.

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Li, Xiaorong, Ming Li, Stuart J. McLelland, Laura-Beth Jordan, Stephen M. Simmons, Laurent O. Amoudry, Rafael Ramirez-Mendoza, and Peter D. Thorne. "Modelling tidal stream turbines in a three-dimensional wave-current fully coupled oceanographic model." Renewable Energy 114 (December 2017): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.02.033.

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Davies, Alan M., John Eric Jones, and Jiuxing Xing. "Modelling the influence of small-scale effects upon the larger scale: an oceanographic challenge." Ocean Dynamics 60, no. 4 (April 16, 2010): 921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-010-0287-1.

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Cucco, Andrea, Giovanni Quattrocchi, Antonio Olita, Leopoldo Fazioli, Alberto Ribotti, Matteo Sinerchia, Costanza Tedesco, and Roberto Sorgente. "Hydrodynamic modelling of coastal seas: the role of tidal dynamics in the Messina Strait, Western Mediterranean Sea." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 6, 2016): 1553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1553-2016.

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Abstract. This work explores the importance of considering tidal dynamics when modelling the general circulation in the Messina Strait, a narrow passage connecting the Tyrrhenian and the Ionian subbasins in the Western Mediterranean Sea. The tides and the induced water circulation in this Strait are among the most intense oceanographic processes in the Mediterranean Sea. The quantification of these effects can be particularly relevant for operational oceanographic systems aimed to provide short-term predictions of the main hydrodynamics in the Western Mediterranean subbasins. A numerical approach based on the use of a high-resolution hydrodynamic model was followed to reproduce the tides propagation and the wind-induced and thermohaline water circulation within the Strait and in surrounding areas. A set of numerical simulations was carried out to quantify the role of the Strait dynamics on the larger-scale water circulation. The obtained results confirmed the importance of a correct representation of the hydrodynamics in the Messina Strait even when focusing on predicting the water circulation in the external sea traits. In fact, model results show that tidal dynamics deeply impact the reproduction of the instantaneous and residual circulation pattern, waters thermohaline properties and transport dynamics both inside the Messina Strait and in the surrounding coastal and open waters.

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Kopsachilis, Vasilis, Lucia Siciliani, Marco Polignano, Pol Kolokoussis, Michail Vaitis, Marco de Gemmis, and Konstantinos Topouzelis. "Semantically-Aware Retrieval of Oceanographic Phenomena Annotated on Satellite Images." Information 12, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12080321.

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Scientists in the marine domain process satellite images in order to extract information that can be used for monitoring, understanding, and forecasting of marine phenomena, such as turbidity, algal blooms and oil spills. The growing need for effective retrieval of related information has motivated the adoption of semantically aware strategies on satellite images with different spatio-temporal and spectral characteristics. A big issue of these approaches is the lack of coincidence between the information that can be extracted from the visual data and the interpretation that the same data have for a user in a given situation. In this work, we bridge this semantic gap by connecting the quantitative elements of the Earth Observation satellite images with the qualitative information, modelling this knowledge in a marine phenomena ontology and developing a question answering mechanism based on natural language that enables the retrieval of the most appropriate data for each user’s needs. The main objective of the presented methodology is to realize the content-based search of Earth Observation images related to the marine application domain on an application-specific basis that can answer queries such as “Find oil spills that occurred this year in the Adriatic Sea”.

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Stringari, C. E., E. P. Kirinus, J. Costi, P. H. Oleinik, and W. C. Marques. "FORECAST STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR MODELLING THE SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN CONTINENTAL SHELF HYDRODYNAMIC." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v16i2.62209.

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Global forecast models have been widely used worldwide; however, they lack ability to prescribe high quality local data. In this paper, an assembly of oceanographic (RTOFS) and atmospheric (GFS) global data base are used to set up a nested forecast system. The approach proposed relies on the sage of python and FORTRAN scripts to download and assemble global metocean data, in addition to interpolate it towards the study area numerical grid as boundary conditions. Therefore, the TELEMAC-3D hydrodynamic model is automatically initiated in order to provide the regional forecast for the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf. Results shows that the methodology proposed represent properly the flow dynamics inside the Patos Lagoon and also in the Tramandaí beach, with low/high frequency dynamic effects and influences being reported.

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Li, Xiaorong, Ming Li, Xueen Chen, and Peter D. Thorne. "3D NUMERICAL MODELLING OF LARGE SCALE IMPACTS OF TIDAL TURBINE ARRAYS USING AN OCEANOGRAPHIC MODEL." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 26, 2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.structures.31.

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Su, Nan-Jay, Chi-Lu Sun, André E. Punt, Su-Zan Yeh, and Gerard DiNardo. "Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on the distribution of blue marlin, Makaira nigricans, in the Pacific Ocean." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 6 (April 6, 2011): 1072–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr028.

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Abstract Su, N-J., Sun, C-L., Punt, A. E., Yeh, S-Z., and DiNardo, G. 2011. Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on the distribution of blue marlin, Makaira nigricans, in the Pacific Ocean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1072–1080. Blue marlin are distributed throughout tropical and temperate waters in the Pacific Ocean. The preference of this species for particular habitats may affect its distribution and vulnerability to being caught. The relationships between the spatial pattern of blue marlin abundance and oceanographic conditions, which may be influenced by climate change, were examined using generalized additive models fitted to catch and effort data from longline fisheries. Distributions of blue marlin density, based on combining the probability of presence and abundance given presence, indicate that there is annual variation in the distribution of blue marlin and that the population apparently moved east during the 1997–1998 El Niño. The interannual variability in blue marlin distribution appears to be associated with El Niño events and is related to shifts in sea surface temperature and the deepening of the thermocline. Models of catch and effort that include oceanographic variables could be used, given predictions from climate models, to explore future changes in distribution, which could then be used to provide management advice related to time-area closures.

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Crocker, G. B., and P. Wadhams. "Modelling Antarctic Fast-Ice Growth." Journal of Glaciology 35, no. 119 (1989): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214389793701590.

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AbstractAn existing thermodynamic ice-growth model (Semtner, 1976) has been tested for its ability to predict the growth of fast ice in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Significant discrepancies between observed and predicted ice thicknesses were found to occur, primarily due to the presence of sub-ice platelets and the formation of a snow-ice layer. Although these ice-growth processes are not well enough understood to permit rigorous physical modelling, it is shown that fairly simple modifications to the model greatly improve the accuracy of the thickness predictions, and serve to highlight the importance of these processes in the Antarctic fast-ice environment. Surface flooding and snow-ice formation are assumed to occur immediately upon the establishment of a positive hydrostatic water level, and a surface temperature in excess of a critical value, above which interconnecting channels in the ice matrix permit the flow of water to the surface. The presence of the sub-ice platelet layer is assumed to increase columnar ice growth at a rate proportional to the volume fraction of ice in the platelet layer, a simple technique but one that permits estimates of platelet-enhanced growth without detailed knowledge of oceanographic conditions. The resulting model predictions are in close agreement with measurements of fast-ice growth and decay in McMurdo Sound; however, data suitable for testing the model over a complete range of conditions and over multi-year cycles are not available at the present time.

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Westerberg, Håkan, Selma Pacariz, Lasse Marohn, Vilhelm Fagerström, Klaus Wysujack, Michael J. Miller, Marko Freese, Jan-Dag Pohlmann, and Reinhold Hanel. "Modeling the drift of European (Anguilla anguilla) and American (Anguilla rostrata) eel larvae during the year of spawning." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 75, no. 2 (February 2018): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0256.

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The distribution of the leptocephalus larvae of European (Anguilla anguilla) and American (Anguilla rostrata) eels collected during recent Sargasso Sea surveys was used to model larval drift. The drift trajectories of individual larva were back-calculated to the estimated time of spawning, using current data from two global oceanographic assimilation models. The results of both models give the same overall result; widespread spawning extended in time from December to March. The drift was also calculated forwards for approximately 1 year. The forward drift modelling showed that most leptocephali remained in the area south of the Subtropical Frontal Zone. One conclusion is that the majority of leptocephali remain trapped and possibly die in the retention area. A small proportion of leptocephali are entrained into the Gulf Stream system. An implication is that the spawning success may be highly sensitive to oceanographic and climatic factors that alter the dispersion of leptocephali out from the retention area. An alternative interpretation is that the surveys were made too late after the peak spawning period and that the core spawning area was missed.

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Lo Brutto, Sabrina. "Historical and Current Diversity Patterns of Mediterranean Marine Species." Diversity 13, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13040156.

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Vieira, V. M. N. C. S., E. Sahlée, P. Jurus, E. Clementi, H. Pettersson, and M. Mateus. "Comparing solubility algorithms of greenhouse gases in Earth-System modelling." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 18 (September 28, 2015): 15925–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-15925-2015.

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Abstract. Accurate solubility estimates are fundamental for (i) Earth-System models forecasting the climate change taking into consideration the atmosphere–ocean balances and trades of greenhouse gases, and (ii) using field data to calibrate and validate the algorithms simulating those trades. We found important differences between the formulation generally accepted and a recently proposed alternative relying on a different chemistry background. First, we tested with field data from the Baltic Sea, which also enabled finding differences between using water temperatures measured at 0.5 or 4 m depths. Then, we used data simulated by atmospheric (Meteodata application of WRF) and oceanographic (WW3-NEMO) models of the European Coastal Ocean and Mediterranean to compare the use of the two solubility algorithms in Earth-System modelling. The mismatches between both formulations lead to a difference of millions of tons of CO2, and hundreds of tons of CH4 and N2O, dissolved in the first meter below the sea surface of the whole modelled region.

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Stul, Tanya, Matthew Eliot, and Ian Eliot. "APPLICATIONS OF A SEDIMENT CELL HIERARCHY AND LANDFORMS TO COASTAL EROSION MANAGEMENT AND MODELLING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.sediment.44.

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Landform analysis has an integral and often understated role in coastal engineering. The strength of a hierarchical approach derives from a capacity to simultaneously consider change at a wider variety of scales and to focus on processes that are characteristic to each scale. A hierarchy of sediment cells and landforms provides potential for refined evaluation of coastal erosion hazard. Decision-making for erosion management, including identification of setbacks or design of coastal defenses, typically considers several future decades. This time scale presents challenges when using numerical modelling to provide forecasts, because of the reliance on often conceptual oceanographic-sediment process relationships and potential for dynamic coastal behavior to diverge from existing trends or historic behavior. Analysis of coastal morphology in a hierarchical approach may provide a basis for (i) refined modelling, (ii) identification of strategic monitoring effort and (iii) improved interpretation of model outcomes for coastal management.

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Vilibić, I., S. Matijević, J. Šepić, and G. Kušpilić. "Changes in the Adriatic oceanographic properties induced by the Eastern Mediterranean Transient." Biogeosciences 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2012): 2085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2085-2012.

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Abstract. Long-term time series of physical and chemical parameters collected between 1960 and 2010 along the Palagruža Sill transect, Middle Adriatic Sea, have been investigated in terms of average water properties and their variability. Nutrients, especially orthophosphates, reached rather high levels of concentration below the euphotic zone between 1991 and 1998, the highest levels in the investigated period. Simultaneously, the N:P ratio, which is normally higher than 25:1, decreased to values less than 16:1 in the euphotic zone, indicating a switch from typical phosphorus to nitrogen- limited preconditioning for the primary production. Higher-than-usual nutrient levels peaking in the mid-1990s, coupled with lower-than-usual temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH values, are presumably related to the flow of the nutrient richer Western Mediterranean waters to the Adriatic below the euphotic layer. These waters, which keep their footprint in the N:P ratio, enter the Adriatic during the anticyclonic phase of the Bimodal Adriatic-Ionian Oscillation (BiOS), which has been uniquely strengthened by the Eastern Mediterranean Transient occurring in the early 1990s. This hypothesis should be confirmed through targeted research and modelling exercises, as it is highly relevant for the biogeochemistry of the Adriatic Sea.

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Fogwill, Christopher J., Erik van Sebille, Eva A. Cougnon, Chris S. M. Turney, Steve R. Rintoul, Benjamin K. Galton-Fenzi, Graeme F. Clark, E. M. Marzinelli, Eleanor B. Rainsley, and Lionel Carter. "Brief communication: Impacts of a developing polynya off Commonwealth Bay, East Antarctica, triggered by grounding of iceberg B09B." Cryosphere 10, no. 6 (November 4, 2016): 2603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2603-2016.

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Abstract. The dramatic calving of the Mertz Glacier tongue in 2010, precipitated by the movement of iceberg B09B, reshaped the oceanographic regime across the Mertz Polynya and Commonwealth Bay, regions where high-salinity shelf water (HSSW) – the precursor to Antarctic bottom water (AABW) – is formed. Here we present post-calving observations that suggest that this reconfiguration and subsequent grounding of B09B have driven the development of a new polynya and associated HSSW production off Commonwealth Bay. Supported by satellite observations and modelling, our findings demonstrate how local icescape changes may impact the formation of HSSW, with potential implications for large-scale ocean circulation.

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O'Dea, Enda, Rachel Furner, Sarah Wakelin, John Siddorn, James While, Peter Sykes, Robert King, Jason Holt, and Helene Hewitt. "The CO5 configuration of the 7 km Atlantic Margin Model: large-scale biases and sensitivity to forcing, physics options and vertical resolution." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2017): 2947–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2947-2017.

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Abstract. We describe the physical model component of the standard Coastal Ocean version 5 configuration (CO5) of the European north-west shelf (NWS). CO5 was developed jointly between the Met Office and the National Oceanography Centre. CO5 is designed with the seamless approach in mind, which allows for modelling of multiple timescales for a variety of applications from short-range ocean forecasting to climate projections. The configuration constitutes the basis of the latest update to the ocean and data assimilation components of the Met Office's operational Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) for the NWS. A 30.5-year non-assimilating control hindcast of CO5 was integrated from January 1981 to June 2012. Sensitivity simulations were conducted with reference to the control run. The control run is compared against a previous non-assimilating Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System (POLCOMS) hindcast of the NWS. The CO5 control hindcast is shown to have much reduced biases compared to POLCOMS. Emphasis in the system description is weighted to updates in CO5 over previous versions. Updates include an increase in vertical resolution, a new vertical coordinate stretching function, the replacement of climatological riverine sources with the pan-European hydrological model E-HYPE, a new Baltic boundary condition and switching from directly imposed atmospheric model boundary fluxes to calculating the fluxes within the model using a bulk formula. Sensitivity tests of the updates are detailed with a view toward attributing observed changes in the new system from the previous system and suggesting future directions of research to further improve the system.

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Matthiessen, Jens, Jochen Knies, Christoph Vogt, and Ruediger Stein. "Pliocene palaeoceanography of the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1886 (October 16, 2008): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0203.

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The Pliocene is important in the geological evolution of the high northern latitudes. It marks the transition from restricted local- to extensive regional-scale glaciations on the circum-Arctic continents between 3.6 and 2.4 Ma. Since the Arctic Ocean is an almost land-locked basin, tectonic activity and sea-level fluctuations controlled the geometry of ocean gateways and continental drainage systems, and exerted a major influence on the formation of continental ice sheets, the distribution of river run-off, and the circulation and water mass characteristics in the Arctic Ocean. The effect of a water mass exchange restricted to the Bering and Fram Straits on the oceanography is unknown, but modelling experiments suggest that this must have influenced the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Cold conditions associated with perennial sea-ice cover might have prevailed in the central Arctic Ocean throughout the Pliocene, whereas colder periods alternated with warmer seasonally ice-free periods in the marginal areas. The most pronounced oceanographic change occurred in the Mid-Pliocene when the circulation through the Bering Strait reversed and low-salinity waters increasingly flowed from the North Pacific into the Arctic Ocean. The excess freshwater supply might have facilitated sea-ice formation and contributed to a decrease in the Atlantic overturning circulation.

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Benincasa, Mario, Federico Falcini, Claudia Adduce, Gianmaria Sannino, and Rosalia Santoleri. "Synergy of Satellite Remote Sensing and Numerical Ocean Modelling for Coastal Geomorphology Diagnosis." Remote Sensing 11, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 2636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11222636.

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Sediment dynamics is the primary driver of the evolution of the coastal geomorphology and of the underwater shelf clinoforms. In this paper, we focus on mesoscale and sub-mesoscale processes, such as coastal currents and river plumes, and how they shape the sediment dynamics at regional or basin spatial scales. A new methodology is developed that combines observational data with numerical modelling: the aim is to pair satellite measurements of suspended sediment with velocity fields from numerical oceanographic models, to obtain an estimation of the sediment flux. A numerical divergence of this flux is then computed. The divergence field thus obtained shows how the aforementioned mesoscale processes distribute the sediments. The approach was applied and discussed on the Adriatic Sea, for the winter of 2012, using data provided by the ESA Coastcolour project and the output of a run of the MIT General Circulation Model.

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Zodiatis, George, Robin Lardner, Georgios Georgiou, Encho Demirov, Giuseppe Manzella, and Nadia Pinardi. "An Operational European Global Ocean Observing System for the Eastern Mediterranean Levantine Basin: The Cyprus Coastal Ocean Forecasting and Observing System." Marine Technology Society Journal 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533203787537212.

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The countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea have joined together in several multinational initiatives to conduct long-term, integrated, operational oceanographic observations and modelling of this important region. Some of these initiatives and the country members involved are discussed in this paper. Particular emphasis is given to long-term observing systems and modelling conducted in the Eastern Mediterranean Levantine Basin and the region around the island of Cyprus. A complete operational oceanographic forecasting and observing system has been developed in Cyprus, and has been operational since early 2002. The system is called CYCOFOS—Cyprus Coastal Ocean Forecasting and Observing System—and is a component of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), and its European (EuroGOOS) and Mediterranean (MedGOOS) modules. CYCOFOS is the result of several years of research activities all carried out within the framework of European Union-funded projects including: (1) Mediterranean forecasting system, both pilot project and towards environmental predictions (MFSPP and MFSTEP), (2) Mediterranean network to Access and upgrade Monitoring and forecasts Activities in the region (MAMA), (3) European Sea level Service Research Infrastructure (ESEAS-RI), (4) Mediterranean network of Global sea Level Observing System (MedGLOSS), and (5) Marine Environment and Security in the European Areas (MERSEA strand 1). CYCOFOS at present consists of several operational modules, including flow and offshore waves forecasts, satellite remote sensing, coastal monitoring stations and end user-derived applications. All these operational modules provide regular near-real-time information, both to local and sub-regional end users in the Eastern Mediterranean Levantine Basin. This paper discusses these as well as additional ocean observation stations and features soon to be added to CYCOFOS.

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Volkenandt, Mareike, Simon Berrow, Ian O’Connor, Jean-Marc Guarini, and Ciaran O’Donnell. "Prespawning herring distribution in the Irish Celtic Sea between 2005 and 2012." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu143.

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Abstract Knowledge of the spatial distribution of species is fundamental to understanding trophic interactions and ecosystem structure. Intraspecies-specific dynamics and environmental factors shape species distribution within an ecosystem. Distribution patterns and the realized habitat of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), a key fish species in the Celtic Sea, were examined using distribution data collected during annual acoustic stock assessment surveys during 2005–2012. Distribution patterns during migration to spawning grounds were analysed using geostatistical methods, including modelling of variograms and comparing the centre of gravity (CG). Distribution patterns were further linked to oceanographic variables collected with the acoustic data to describe habitat. Herring density was greatest inshore along the spawning grounds and lower farther offshore. Herring shoals were clustered and randomly distributed during spawning migration. Variograms of fish densities described the global structure, with high local variability of the same order of magnitude as variability at a regional scale, indicating that no continuous structure can be found within the study area. The CG values showed that the average position of the population was located northeast. The realized habitat for herring encompassed a wide range of temperatures and salinities; therefore, oceanographic features were not a limiting factor for herring distribution during spawning migration. The present study changes the perception of the spatial distribution of the Celtic Sea herring stock from a more continuous distribution to a discrete model, with implications for trophic ecosystem modelling on local scales. Future studies of herring distribution and its influence within the Celtic Sea ecosystem would benefit from using the approach employed in the present study for analysing aggregation patterns.

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PEHLIVANOGLOU, K. G., M. RAPPOU, and M. MARTSOUKOU. "Geological and oceanographic data determining the foreshore zone according to the Greek legislation." Mediterranean Marine Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.174.

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The available scientific field data of the marine and the coastal enviroment, (wind and wave field data, shallow area bathymetry, coastal area geomorphology and topography, etc.), in addition to deep and shallow wave prediction numerical modelling (by means of wind and bathymetry measurements), calculation of the nearshore wave height and maximum wave run up, were used to support the mapping of the innermost limit of the foreshore zone according to Greek legislation which defi nes that ‘the foreshore is the zone of land wetted by the highest however unexceptional sea wave run up’ and the Supreme Administrative Court standard case law. These methods were applied for two areas, which completely differ as regards the wind and the wave field, the geomorphological and topographical characteristics of the coastal area, suggesting different procedures for the determination of the innermost limit of the foreshore zone. The limits of the foreshore zones for both areas, resulting from the study, are compared to the limits set out by the authorised Administrative Commissions, which were published in the Official Gazette and also were applied by the local authorities for the management of the coastal area.

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Fok, Hok Sum. "Data fusion of multisatellite altimetry for ocean tides modelling: a spatio-temporal approach with potential oceanographic applications." International Journal of Image and Data Fusion 6, no. 3 (June 8, 2015): 232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2015.1050074.

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Sabatino, Alessandro D., Chris McCaig, Rory B. O'Hara Murray, and Michael R. Heath. "Modelling wave–current interactions off the east coast of Scotland." Ocean Science 12, no. 4 (July 5, 2016): 875–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-12-875-2016.

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Abstract. Densely populated coastal areas of the North Sea are particularly vulnerable to severe wave conditions, which overtop or damage sea defences leading to dangerous flooding. Around the shallow southern North Sea, where the coastal margin is lying low and population density is high, oceanographic modelling has helped to develop forecasting systems to predict flood risk. However, coastal areas of the deeper northern North Sea are also subject to regular storm damage, but there has been little or no effort to develop coastal wave models for these waters. Here, we present a high spatial resolution model of northeast Scottish coastal waters, simulating waves and the effect of tidal currents on wave propagation, driven by global ocean tides, far-field wave conditions, and local air pressure and wind stress. We show that the wave–current interactions and wave–wave interactions are particularly important for simulating the wave conditions close to the coast at various locations. The model can simulate the extreme conditions experienced when high (spring) tides are combined with sea-level surges and large Atlantic swell. Such a combination of extremes represents a high risk for damaging conditions along the Scottish coast.

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Sabatino, A. D., C. McCaig, R. B. O'Hara Murray, and M. R. Heath. "Modelling wave–current interactions off the east coast of Scotland." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 6 (December 18, 2015): 3099–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-3099-2015.

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Abstract. Densely populated coastal areas of the North Sea are particularly vulnerable to severe wave conditions, which overtop or damage sea-defences leading to dangerous flooding. Around the shallow southern North Sea, where the coastal margin is low-lying and population density is high, oceanographic modelling has helped to develop forecasting systems to predict flood risk. However coastal areas of the deeper northern North Sea are also subject to regular storm damage but there has been little or no effort to develop coastal wave models for these waters. Here we present a high spatial resolution model of northeast Scottish coastal waters, simulating waves and the effect of tidal currents on wave propagation, driven by global ocean tides, far-field wave conditions, and local air pressure and wind stress. We show that the wave–current interactions and wave–wave interactions are particularly important for simulating the wave conditions close to the coast at various locations. The model can simulate the extreme conditions experienced when high (spring) tides are combined with sea-level surges and large Atlantic swell. Such a combination of extremes represents a high risk for damaging conditions along the Scottish coast.

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Tang, Hansong, Charles Reid Nichols, Lynn Donelson Wright, and Donald Resio. "Modeling Multiscale and Multiphysics Coastal Ocean Processes: A Discussion on Necessity, Status, and Advances." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080847.

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Coastal ocean flows are interconnected by a complex suite of processes. Examples are inlet jets, river mouth effluents, ocean currents, surface gravity waves, internal waves, wave overtopping, and wave slamming on coastal structures. It has become necessary to simulate such oceanographic phenomena directly and simultaneously in many disciplines, including coastal engineering, environmental science, and marine science. Oceanographic processes exhibit distinct behaviors at specific temporal and spatial scales, and they are multiscale, multiphysics in nature; these processes are described by different sets of governing equations and are often modeled individually. In order to draw the attention of the scientific community and promote their simulations, a Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering entitled “Multiscale, Multiphysics Modelling of Coastal Ocean Processes: Paradigms and Approaches” was published. The papers collected in this issue cover physical phenomena, such as wind-driven flows, coastal flooding, turbidity currents, and modeling techniques such as model comparison, model coupling, parallel computation, and domain decomposition. This article outlines the needs for modeling of coastal ocean flows involving multiple physical processes at different scales, and it discusses the implications of the collected papers. Additionally, it reviews the current status and offers a roadmap with numerical methods, data collection, and artificial intelligence as future endeavors.

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ARDID, M., J. RAMIS, V. ESPINOSA, J. A. MARTÍNEZ-MORA, F. CAMARENA, J. ALBA, and V. SANCHEZ-MORCILLO. "FIRST ACTIVITIES IN ACOUSTIC DETECTION OF PARTICLES IN UPV." International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, supp01 (July 2006): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06033519.

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The first activities related to acoustic detection of particles by DISAO research group in the Univesitat Politècnica de València are described. We are applying some techniques from physic, engineering and oceanographic acoustics to face the high energy neutrino underwater acoustic detection challenge. The work is focused mainly in two topics: design, characterization and calibration of hydrophones, and simulation of the propagation of the signal in the sea. We present also some examples for these two topics: piezoelectric modelling and transducer simulation, calibration of hydrophones using MLS signals, and evaluation of the contribution of the sea surface noise to the deep water noise in the Mediterranean Sea by means of simulations of propagation of sound.

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Kaplan, Isaac C., and Kristin N. Marshall. "A guinea pig's tale: learning to review end-to-end marine ecosystem models for management applications." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 7 (April 8, 2016): 1715–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw047.

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Abstract A shift towards ecosystem-based management in recent decades has led to new analytical tools such as end-to-end marine ecosystem models. End-to-end models are complex and typically simulate full ecosystems from oceanography to foodwebs and fisheries, operate on a spatial framework, and link to physical oceanographic models. Most end-to-end approaches allow multiple ways to implement human behaviours involving fishery catch, fleet movement, or other impacts such as nutrient loading or climate change effects. Though end-to-end ecosystem models were designed specifically for marine management, their novelty makes them unfamiliar to most decision makers. Before such models can be applied within the context of marine management decisions, additional levels of vetting will be required, and a dialogue with decision makers must be initiated. Here we summarize a review of an Atlantis end-to-end model, which involved a multi-day, expert review panel with local and international experts, convened to challenge models and data used in the management context. We propose nine credibility and quality control standards for end-to-end models intended to inform management, and suggest two best practice guidelines for any end-to-end modelling application. We offer our perspectives (as recent test subjects or “guinea pigs”) on how a review could be motivated and structured and on the evaluation criteria that should be used, in the most specific terms possible.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Oceanographic modelling'

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