Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ocean'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Ocean.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Ocean.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
au, debkennedy@iprimus com, and Deborah Jane Kennedy. "Ocean Views : An investigation into human-ocean relations." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080523.120432.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates some conceptions of oceans in modern Western societies that are highly influential in shaping human-ocean relations. My main aim in this dissertation is to demonstrate that the Western discourses of law, science and the aesthetic of the sublime illuminate characteristics of human-ocean relations in Western societies. I argue that the conceptions developed and perpetuated in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science unnecessarily constrain the possibilities for human-ocean relations and undermine just existences of oceans. A further aim of this dissertation is to set out an ethical political approach that is inclusive of a diversity of ocean views that facilitate improved knowledge about the oceans and transform dominant human ocean relations into more just relations.
In approaching my critique of Western discourses of law, aesthetics and science I canvas a range of philosophical, social and political theories, but make most use of the insights of feminist and ecological feminist thinkers into forms of oppression and environmental justice. I also move beyond critique to set out an approach for structuring ocean policy debates and outcomes with a form of political epistemology that de-centres influential Western conceptions of oceans and is inclusive of a diversity of perspectives.
In carrying out this dissertations investigation I find that particular conceptions of oceans in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science narrowly define how Western human subjects think, feel and interact with oceans. These discourses provide a dominant position for Western subjects over those of other people and the oceans. This is how, in basic terms, I suggest that Western discourses undermine just existences for oceans. A common feature in the discourses that frame the conceptions of oceans that I discuss is the exclusion of a diversity of human-ocean relations from consideration. To counter the exclusionary practices of Western discourses I find that robust democratic processes are essential for just ocean existences. The importance of democratic processes is not only that they constitute ethical processes, and should be valued highly for that reason, but also because of a capacity to produce and deliver improved knowledge about the oceans and transform human-ocean relations. I advocate in particular the approach to political epistemology of Bruno Latour as one way to work toward just ocean existences. In the approach I advocate, oceans participate in democratic processes as agents, not as mere objects awaiting human benevolence or exploitation.
2
Bos, Machiel Simon. "Ocean tide loading using improved ocean tide models." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343980.
Full text
3
Kennedy, Deborah Jane. "Ocean views: an investigation into human-ocean relations." Thesis, Kennedy, Deborah Jane (2007) Ocean views: an investigation into human-ocean relations. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/123/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates some conceptions of oceans in modern Western societies that are highly influential in shaping human-ocean relations. My main aim in this dissertation is to demonstrate that the Western discourses of law, science and the aesthetic of the sublime illuminate characteristics of human-ocean relations in Western societies. I argue that the conceptions developed and perpetuated in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science unnecessarily constrain the possibilities for human-ocean relations and undermine just existences of oceans. A further aim of this dissertation is to set out an ethical political approach that is inclusive of a diversity of ocean views that facilitate improved knowledge about the oceans and transform dominant human ocean relations into more just relations.
In approaching my critique of Western discourses of law, aesthetics and science I canvas a range of philosophical, social and political theories, but make most use of the insights of feminist and ecological feminist thinkers into forms of oppression and environmental justice. I also move beyond critique to set out an approach for structuring ocean policy debates and outcomes with a form of political epistemology that de-centres influential Western conceptions of oceans and is inclusive of a diversity of perspectives.
In carrying out this dissertation's investigation I find that particular conceptions of oceans in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science narrowly define how Western human subjects think, feel and interact with oceans. These discourses provide a dominant position for Western subjects over those of other people and the oceans. This is how, in basic terms, I suggest that Western discourses undermine just existences for oceans. A common feature in the discourses that frame the conceptions of oceans that I discuss is the exclusion of a diversity of human-ocean relations from consideration. To counter the exclusionary practices of Western discourses I find that robust democratic processes are essential for just ocean existences. The importance of democratic processes is not only that they constitute ethical processes, and should be valued highly for that reason, but also because of a capacity to produce and deliver improved knowledge about the oceans and transform human-ocean relations. I advocate in particular the approach to political epistemology of Bruno Latour as one way to work toward just ocean existences. In the approach I advocate, oceans participate in democratic processes as agents, not as mere objects awaiting human benevolence or exploitation.
4
Kennedy, Deborah Jane. "Ocean views : an investigation into human-ocean relations /." Kennedy, Deborah Jane (2007) Ocean views: an investigation into human-ocean relations. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/123/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates some conceptions of oceans in modern Western societies that are highly influential in shaping human-ocean relations. My main aim in this dissertation is to demonstrate that the Western discourses of law, science and the aesthetic of the sublime illuminate characteristics of human-ocean relations in Western societies. I argue that the conceptions developed and perpetuated in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science unnecessarily constrain the possibilities for human-ocean relations and undermine just existences of oceans. A further aim of this dissertation is to set out an ethical political approach that is inclusive of a diversity of ocean views that facilitate improved knowledge about the oceans and transform dominant human ocean relations into more just relations.
In approaching my critique of Western discourses of law, aesthetics and science I canvas a range of philosophical, social and political theories, but make most use of the insights of feminist and ecological feminist thinkers into forms of oppression and environmental justice. I also move beyond critique to set out an approach for structuring ocean policy debates and outcomes with a form of political epistemology that de-centres influential Western conceptions of oceans and is inclusive of a diversity of perspectives.
In carrying out this dissertation's investigation I find that particular conceptions of oceans in the discourses of law, aesthetics and science narrowly define how Western human subjects think, feel and interact with oceans. These discourses provide a dominant position for Western subjects over those of other people and the oceans. This is how, in basic terms, I suggest that Western discourses undermine just existences for oceans. A common feature in the discourses that frame the conceptions of oceans that I discuss is the exclusion of a diversity of human-ocean relations from consideration. To counter the exclusionary practices of Western discourses I find that robust democratic processes are essential for just ocean existences. The importance of democratic processes is not only that they constitute ethical processes, and should be valued highly for that reason, but also because of a capacity to produce and deliver improved knowledge about the oceans and transform human-ocean relations. I advocate in particular the approach to political epistemology of Bruno Latour as one way to work toward just ocean existences. In the approach I advocate, oceans participate in democratic processes as agents, not as mere objects awaiting human benevolence or exploitation.
5
Кравченко, Наталія Олександрівна, Наталия Александровна Кравченко, Nataliia Oleksandrivna Kravchenko, and I. Bodnar. "Ocean energy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13490.
Full text
6
Dusek, Daniel P. "Ocean mixed layer biological response to transient ocean events." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA340990.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1997."September 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Roland W. Garwood. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-63). Also available online.
7
Bednarsek, Nina. "Vulnerability of Southern ocean pteropods to anthropogenic ocean acidification." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533722.
Full text
8
Kennerson, Elliott Doran. "Ocean Pictures the construction of the ocean on film /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/kennerson/KennersonE1208.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MFA)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2008.Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Ronald Tobias. Sealed Off is a DVD accompanying the thesis. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 31-35).
9
Elfadli, Kasem. "Indian Ocean Dipole impacts on northwestern Indian Ocean climate variability." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/396586/.
Full textAbstract:
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon in the equatorial Indian Ocean, with a positive mode characterized by anomalous warming of sea surface temperatures in the west and anomalous cooling in the east. The IOD has been shown to affect inter-annual variability of the Indian monsoon. There is also evidence that the IOD may affect the formation, strength and duration of monsoon-related oceanic features in the North West Indian Ocean (NWIO), including fronts and eddies, the Somali upwelling and the ‘Great Whirl’ system. However, the mechanism by which the IOD develops and details of its connection with monsoon-related oceanic phenomena in the NWIO remain unclear. Satellite datasets of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) and sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) over the past two decades have been examined, mainly to investigate the relationship between the IOD and large-scale climate modes like the Indian monsoon, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Rossby/Kelvin Waves. Early results show SSHA in NWIO; is more correlated with the IOD than with the ENSO. Also the results indicate an impact of Rossby wave patterns on the Somali Current system. Satellite datasets of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) and sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) over the past two decades have been examined, mainly to investigate the relationship between the IOD and large-scale climate modes like the Indian monsoon, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Rossby/Kelvin Waves. Early results show SSHA in NWIO; is more correlated with the IOD than with the ENSO. Also the results indicate an impact of Rossby wave patterns on the Somali Current system. Satellite datasets of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) and sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) over the past two decades have been examined, mainly to investigate the relationship between the IOD and large-scale climate modes like the Indian monsoon, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Rossby/Kelvin Waves. Early results show SSHA in NWIO; is more correlated with the IOD than with the ENSO. Also the results indicate an impact of Rossby wave patterns on the Somali Current system.
10
Hermes, Juliet C. "Ocean model diagnosis of variability in the South Indian Ocean." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8649.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 180-195).Evidence exists that sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the South Indian Ocean may significantly influence weather and climate patterns in the southern African region. SST, in tum, can be influenced by variability in ocean fluxes, observations of which are limited in the South Indian Ocean and it is necessary to augment them with estimates derived from models. Two sets of variability in this region are examined in this thesis. The first concerns the large-scale interannual variability of the oceans neighbouring South Africa and the second, inter-ocean fluxes south of Africa on meso-through to interannual timescales. In terms of the former, a global ocean model forced with 50 years of NCEP (National Centre for Environmental Prediction) re-analyses winds and heat fluxes, has been used to investigate the evolution and forcing of interannual SST variability in the South Indian Ocean and co-variability patterns in the South Atlantic. Secondly, an eddy- permitting model is used to investigate volume, heat and salt fluxes in the oceanic region south of Africa and the effect of variations in the strength of wind forcing. Interannual dipole-like SST variability in the South Indian and South Atlantic Oceans were realistically simulated using the global ocean model, ORCA2. The model results imply that there are connections between large-scale modulations of the midlatitude atmospheric circulation of the Southern Hemisphere and co-evolving SST variability in the South Atlantic and South Indian Oceans. The atmospheric variability results in an increase (decrease) in strength of the anticyclonic wind fields over each ocean during positive (negative) dipole events. The resulting wind anomalies lead to changes in surface heat fluxes, short wave radiation, meridional Ekman heat transport and upwelling, all of which contribute to the evolution of these SST dipole patterns. Evidence is found of links between these dipole patterns and the Antarctic Oscillation and ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation).
11
Flaviani, Flavia. "Microbial biodiversity in the southern Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25058.
Full textAbstract:
The multi-phylotype and ecologically important community of microbes in aquatic environments ranges from the numerically dominant viruses to the diverse climate-change regulating phytoplankton. Recent advances in next generation sequencing are starting to reveal the true diversity and biological complexity of this previously invisible component of Earth's hydrosphere. An increased awareness of this microbiome's importance has led to the rise of microbial studies with marine environmental samples being collected and sequenced daily around the globe. Despite the rapid advancement in knowledge of marine microbial diversity, technical difficulties have constrained the ability to perform basin wide physical and chemical oceanographic assessments in tandem with microbiological screening with the majority of studies only looking at a single component of the microbial community. In this study the full microbial diversity, from viruses to protists, was characterised within the southern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean from a small volume of seawater collected using the same CTD equipment used by oceanographers. Throughout this study it will be demonstrated how this small volume is sufficient to describe the core microbial taxa in the marine environment. The application of a bespoke bioinformatics pipeline, integrated with sequencing replication, improved the description of the dominant core microbiome whilst removing OTUs present due to PCR and sequencing artefacts thereby improving the accurate description of rare phylotypes. Analyses confirmed the dominance of Cyanobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria in the pelagic prokaryotic microbiome, while the Stramenopiles-Alveolata-Rhizaria (SAR) cluster dominates the eukaryotic microbiome. A decrease in the SAR community will be reported for the Southern Ocean with a concomitant increase in the haptophyte community. Whilst the virome confirmed the dominance of tailed phages and giant viruses across all stations, there was a significant variation caudoviruses and Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA viruses (NCLDV) across defined biogeographical boundaries. The described method will allow the characterisation of the microbial biodiversity as well as future integration with oceanographic data with a much reduced sampling effort. The characterisation of the whole microbial community from a single water sample will improve the understanding of microbial interactions and represent a step towards in the inclusion of viruses into biogeochemical models.
12
Hall, Nicholas Martin Jerome. "Recirculating ocean gyres." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46326.
Full text
13
Золотова, Світлана Григорівна, Светлана Григорьевна Золотова, Svitlana Hryhorivna Zolotova, and V. V. Kharchenko. "Blue ocean strategy." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21963.
Full text
14
Ortiz, Molly Kathleen. "Whether the Ocean." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587128135641715.
Full text
15
Wu, Pao-Kun. "Cloud effects on ocean mixed layer in the northeast Pacific Ocean." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28030.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to examine the effects of clouds on the ocean mixed layer, both short-term and seasonal. It utilized data collected at Ocean Station Papa in the northeast Pacific. Two numerical modeling simulations were performed (i.e., with variable cloud and with variable precipitation). The results for the variable cloud simulation indicated that the downward surface buoyancy flux and longer daylight period in summer may induce a significant albedo effect of cloud on ocean mixed layer. The upward surface buoyancy flux and longer night period in winter will result in a pronounced greenhouse effect of cloud on ocean mixed layer. The results of variable precipitation simulation showed that the mixed layer is most sensitive to precipitation between October and March. Model predictions are verified using data at Ocean Station Papa for monthly and yearly mean values of cloud cover and precipitation. The comparison between model prediction and observations shows that the mean values of observed MLD (H = 60.9 m) are much deeper than model-predicted values (H = 36.5 m)
16
Zanowski, Hannah Marietta. "The Influence of Antarctic Open-Ocean Polynyas on the Abyssal Ocean." Thesis, Princeton University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10248291.
Full textAbstract:
In the mid-1970s, an enormous open-ocean polynya developed in the Weddell Sea. Since the Weddell Polynya's occurrence, no polynya of similar size or duration has been observed in the region. A polynya of this magnitude could significantly affect global abyssal ocean properties via increased Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation and large Weddell Sea water mass property perturbations. However, the scarcity of 1970s Weddell Sea observations, coupled with the sparseness of abyssal ocean observations, make it difficult to study this phenomenon's oceanic impact without models. This dissertation examines the influence of Weddell Polynyas on abyssal ocean water mass properties and circulation using the GFDL CM2G coupled climate model.
Abyssal ocean temperature, salinity, and water mass changes resulting from Weddell Polynyas are quantified in CM2G and compared to observations. The model polynyas initially cool the abyssal Southern Ocean and South Atlantic, but 2-3 decades after polynya cessation the same regions warm as they relax toward their mean state. Composites of multiple, spontaneously-occurring polynyas in CM2G reveal that up to 10% of recently observed warming in the abyssal Southern Ocean could be the result of the 1970s Weddell Polynya recovery.
Weddell Polynya transport mechanisms are also investigated. Polynya signal transport is governed by two processes acting on different timescales and spreading at different rates: 1) topographic and planetary waves that act on interannual-to-decadal timescales, and 2) advection that acts on decadal-to-centennial timescales. Both mechanisms generate property changes on isobaths. Despite different spreading rates, the advective and wave signals act contemporaneously in many Southern Hemisphere abyssal basins. The combined effect and relative magnitude of the two signals dictates the prevailing property changes.
During Weddell Polynyas, vigorous exchange occurs between the surface and deep waters, resulting in increased abyssal ventilation. In climate models, ideal age tracer is often used to investigate oceanic ventilation. This tracer suffers from several flaws that detract from its suitability as a ventilation diagnostic. We develop a new tracer, ?-age, that rectifies some of ideal age's problematic aspects and examine its utility in an offline tracer model.
17
Zhang, Yuan. "An observational study of atmosphere-ocean interactions in the northern oceans on interannual and interdecadal time-scale /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10038.
Full text
18
O'Carroll, Rosemarie Helen. "An analysis of eddy resolving global ocean models in the Southern Ocean." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27956.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedComparisons between the two model runs, a half degree resolution and a quarter degree resolution of the Semtner-Chervin eddy-resolving global ocean model, and the Hydrographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean observations are conducted by analyzing horizontal and vertical sections. The quarter degree model, employing a Mercator grid, was interpolated forward from the half degree model initialization. For the last three years of the model run time, the resolution was improved to 0.25 deg on average and ECMWF winds were used. Also, no deep restoring in the last three years is introduced into the model. Another difference between the half degree model and the quarter degree model is that in the latter, the bathymetry is unsmoothed, so that not only is the resolution finer, the topography is more realistic. The model is shown to produce very realistic circulation and temperature and salinity distributions. Volume transport and meridional volume and heat transports are also calculated. The quarter degree model shows marked improvement over the half degree model although both models have salinities to the south and near the surface which are higher than those observed. This could be due to errors in surface flux parameterizations
19
Mawren, Daneeja. "Upper ocean variability and tropical cyclones in the South West Indian Ocean." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29219.
Full textAbstract:
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are the most devastating weather phenomenon in nature with the powerful storm surge events occurring when severe and large TCs make landfall along coastlines. Although there have been significant strides in the TC track forecasts over the last 30 years, skills in TC intensity prediction still lag behind. Intensity may be impacted by the mixing length temperature (known as Tdy) and barrier layer thickness (BLT). Similar to cyclones in other tropical ocean basins, tropical cyclones in the South West Indian Ocean also cause significant social and economic damage in southeastern Africa and Madagascar. To forecast TC intensity more accurately, monitoring upper ocean conditions in the South Indian Ocean is of top priority. Two areas in the relatively poorly studied South Indian Ocean where such upper ocean characteristics of relevance to tropical cyclones need to be better understood are the Seychelles Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) and the Mozambique Channel. In the first part of the study, the variability of Tdy and BLT in the South West Indian Ocean, focused on the SCTR region and their relationships with tropical cyclones are investigated. It is shown that rapid cyclone intensification is influenced by large Tdy values, thick barrier layers and the presence of anticyclonic eddies. Both BLT and Tdy fields are modulated by the westward propagation of Rossby waves, which are often associated with ENSO. For example, the 1997-1998 El Nino shows a strong signal in Tdy, SST and BLT over the South West Indian Ocean. After this event, an increasing trend in Tdy occurred over most of the basin which may be associated with changes in atmospheric circulation. A rise in SST, Power Dissipation Index and frequency of Category-5 tropical cyclones also occurred post-1998. A case study of TC Bansi in the South West Indian Ocean and its relation to upper ocean heat content was presented. This tropical cyclone is of interest due to its unusual track and also because of all the damage it caused. Anomalously deep thermocline and high Tdy values were observed around December 2014-January 2015 in the South West Indian Ocean and analysis of the upper ocean structure during Bansi showed that its rapid intensification to Category 4 was related to its passage over a high Tdy (warm core) eddy region and a deep barrier layer. The second area focussed on, the Mozambique Channel, is not only a region of relatively high TC activity with highly vulnerable coastal populations, but also very energetic in terms of mesoscale ocean eddies and tidal forcing. Changes in upper ocean characteristics in the Mozambique Channel due to tidal forcing are examined as they may have significant impacts on the upper ocean structure and thus influence tropical cyclones which often occur in this region. Two experiments were conducted using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS); one forced with tides (Tide) and the other experiment without tidal forcing (NoTide). On seasonal time scales, the tidal forcing simulation shows warmer temperatures in the upper layer particularly near strong ocean currents (North East Madagascar Current and South East Madagascar Current). In Tide, warming near these currents is intensified during winter due to the southeast trade winds, while in summer, poleward advection of warmer waters south of 16-17 oS seemed more prominent. On weather time scales, these changes in the upper ocean structure, especially near the coast or in shallow regions can alter the intensity of passing tropical cyclones. When a storm encounters a warm anticyclonic eddy, as the case of TC Japhet studied in the thesis, the SST cooling by the cyclone is substantially reduced, the mixing length temperature is increased and the mixed layer is deepened. These changes can be important for TC evolution. SST variability over the South West Indian Ocean influences southern African summer rainfall and the regional atmospheric circulation either through regional modes as well as influences the landfall frequency of tropical cyclones on Mozambique (Vitart et al., 2003). Besides SST, a link has recently been found between the regional precipitation over southern Africa and tropical cyclone heat potential (a measure of upper ocean heat content) in the South West Indian Ocean (Malan et al., 2013). In this study, the relationships between an index of southern African summer rainfall (SARI) and Tdy in the South Indian Ocean at zero (January-March) and one season (October-December) lag were analyzed. A region in the southern Mozambique Channel, termed as Tdysmc, showed the strongest positive correlation with SARI at zero lag. Another strong but negative correlation with SARI at one season lag is found in the core of the Seychelles Chagos Thermocline Ridge region, termed as Tdycsctr. Composite analysis (neutral with respect to ENSO) indicated that when Tdysmc is enhanced over the South Mozambique Channel during JFM, positive rainfall anomalies prevail over large parts of subtropical southern Africa and the Congo Basin with reduced rainfall occuring over most of Madagascar and northern Mozambique. The rainfall differences are associated with enhanced easterly flow towards Madagascar transporting more moisture towards Mozambique and Tanzania, consistent with the increased rainfall. During positive Tdysmc JFM seasons, more tropical cyclones (TCs) were formed in the SWIO and more of them crossed the Mozambique Channel compared to negative Tdysmc seasons. Furthermore, during positive Tdysmc seasons, the landfalling TC was generated in the Mozambique Channel while during the negative Tdysmc ones, it was formed in the central South Indian Ocean. Positive Tdysmc seasons also have increased number of Category5 TCs in the Mozambique Channel. These results suggest that changes in the mixing length temperature, Tdysmc index which can be estimated from satellite data can be useful to monitor and potentially predict regional precipitation as well as the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones that impact the south-eastern coast of Africa.
20
Das, Pritha School of Methematics UNSW. "Modelling of ocean tides." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Methematics, 1998. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19038.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis three independent studies of tidal dynamics have been pesented. The first is an analytical study of continental shelf tides forced at the ocean boundary. Earlier studies have shown that the response for a sloping shelf and a flat shelf differ and that the response for a flat shelf changes when tides are incident at an angle. Other studies considered a sloping shelf but they did not take into account a possible non-zero depth at a coastal wall. This study shows that the effects of a sloping shelf, a coastal wall and obliquely incident tides an all significantly modify the response on the shelf. The modification increases with the width of the shelf, and in a wide shelf scenario, near resonance, it greatly modifies the response. Secondly, the Princeton Ocean Model in barotropic mode along with a tracer transport module has been used to study the tides of Sydney Harbour. The tidally induced residual circulation due to the semi-diurnal tide consists of a series of recirculating gyres which are due to the interaction of flow with topography. This study shows that in the harbour it is the Lagrangian residual velocity not the Eulerian residual velocity which determines the net transport of material over a tidal cycle. In addition, the flushing time of the harbour varies significantly in space, and the tidal mixing is restricted in the vicinity of the entrance. The third is a theoretical study of forced oscillations in a rotating, flat-bottomed, circular basin. This study shows that the direction of propagation of waves in a basin depends on the ratio of its radius to depth. At each latitude there is a critical value of this ratio and this value decreases with increase in latitude. Beyond this value, waves start to propagate around the basin in the opposite direction to the earth ???s rotation (clockwise in the northern hemisphere and anti-clockwise in the southern hemisphere).The presence of friction increases this critical value which shows that friction plays an important role in determining the response.
21
Mukhtasor. "Probabilistic ocean outfall design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0012/MQ34210.pdf.
Full text
22
Dougherty, Martin Eugene. "Ocean bottom seismic scattering." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52938.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1990.GRSN 589503
Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-301).
by Martin Eugene Dougherty.
Ph.D.
23
Abernathey, Ryan (Ryan Patrick). "Mixing by ocean eddies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70772.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-175).
Mesoscale eddies mix and transport tracers such as heat and potential vorticity laterally in the ocean. While this transport plays an important role in the climate system, especially in the Southern Ocean, we lack a, comprehensive understanding of what sets mixing rates. This thesis seeks to advance this understanding through three related studies. First, mixing rates are diagnosed from an eddy-resolving state estimate of the Southern Ocean, revealing a meridional cross-section of effective diffusivity shaped by the interplay between eddy propagation and mean flow. Effective diffusivity diagnostics are then applied to quantify surface mixing rates globally, using a, kinematic model with velocities derived from satellite observations; the diagnosed mixing rates show a rich spatial structure, with especially strong mixing in the tropics and western-boundary-current regions. Finally, an idealized numerical model of the Southern Ocean is analyzed, focusing on the response to changes in win( stress. The sensitivity of the meridional overturning circulation to the wind changes demonstrates the importance of properly capturing eddy mixing rates for large-scale climate problems.
by Ryan Abernathey.
Ph.D.
24
Petrenko, R. "Let‘s clean the ocean!" Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45877.
Full textAbstract:
The ocean remains one of the most expansive, mysterious and diverse places on Earth. Unfortunately, it is being threatened by pollution from people on land and from natural causes. Marine life is dying, and as a result the whole oceanic ecosystem is threatened simply by various sources of pollution. If we are to preserve ocean and its natural beauty, drastic measures have to be taken to combat this pollution and keep what we hold most dear. Could a teenager save the world's oceans?
25
Button, Peter. "Models for ocean waves." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14299.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliography.Ocean waves represent an important design factor in many coastal engineering applications. Although extreme wave height is usually considered the single most important of these factors there are other important aspects that require consideration. These include the probability distribution of wave heights, the seasonal variation and the persistence, or duration, of calm and storm periods. If one is primarily interested in extreme wave height then it is possible to restrict one's attention to events which are sufficiently separated in time to be effectively independently (and possibly even identically) distributed. However the independence assumption is not tenable for the description of many other aspects of wave height behaviour, such as the persistence of calm periods. For this one has to take account of the serial correlation structure of observed wave heights, the seasonal behaviour of the important statistics, such as mean and standard deviation, and in fact the entire seasonal probability distribution of wave heights. In other words the observations have to be regarded as a time series.
26
Masetti, Sara. "The Ocean in Between." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500079/.
Full textAbstract:
Centered on the universal search for home, The Ocean in Between is an autobiographical documentary about my bicultural identity and sense of guilt as a first generation Italian emigrant daughter. As I embark on a journey between Italy and the United States, I attempt to reconcile my American aspirations with my Italian roots. Using observational footage, direct interviews, and narration, this film provides a poetic and intimate look at family relations, love and death, bicultural identity, and sexuality.
27
Cheon, Woo Geunn. "Impact of the Southern ocean winds on sea-ice - ocean interaction and its associated global ocean circulation in a warming world." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3029.
Full text
28
Rana, Haris Sarwar. "Indian Ocean surface circulations and their connection to Indian Ocean dipole, identified from Ocean Surface Currents Analysis Real Time (OSCAR) data." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483452.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Chu, Peter C. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 26, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-71). Also available in print.
29
Juhls, Bennet [Verfasser]. "Land-Ocean Interactions in Arctic Coastal Waters: Ocean Colour Remote Sensing and Current Carbon Fluxes to the Arctic Ocean / Bennet Juhls." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225741637/34.
Full text
30
French, Megan. "Silica : cycling in the Southern Ocean & atmospheric inputs to the global ocean." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501824.
Full textAbstract:
Diatoms are key primary producers and therefore make an important contribution to carbon export. These phytoplankton utilise dissolved silica (DSi), sourced from riverine, atmospheric, sedimentary and hydrothermal inputs, and convert it to biogenic silica (bSiO₂). Some of this bSiO₂ dissolves in the water column, regenerating the DSi pool, whereas the remaining fraction settles out to the sediments (e.g. via aggregates) to form bSiO₂ accumulations. These occur primarily in the Southern Ocean and provide a sedimentary archive regarding export production over hundreds to millions of years.
31
Trampp, David A. "Upper Ocean Characteristics in the Tropical Indian Ocean from AXBT and AXCTD Measurements." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6882.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on understanding the coupling processes that take place in air-sea interaction during the active and suppressed phases of Madden-Julian Oscillation, and specifically the initiation of MJO. Data used for this study was gathered by a NOAA WP-3D research aircraft under the framework of the Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) research project. The aircraft-based measurements extended from 01 November to 13 December 2011, when 12 research flights were flown in total. A total of 316 AXBT and 114 AXCTD ocean profilers were deployed, yielding 289 AXBT and 106 AXCTD usable profiles that were used for this thesis. For the first time, in situ measurements were made in this region of the world where MJO is initiated. This thesis documents the data quality control and quality assurance efforts for all measured profiles, especially for the AXCTD profiles. It also provides a first look into the large scale variability in the DYNAMO domain and vicinities, and the time variability of the tropical Indian Ocean during the WP-3D operation period. The measurements of the upper ocean reveal enhanced mixing in the active MJO phase and the presence of a warm, stratified, and variable upper ocean in the suppressed phase of MJO. The AXBT/AXCTD measurements also suggest increased mesoscale variability under active convection. Its feedback with the evolution of tropical convection should be investigated in future research.
32
Green, Rebecca E. (Rebecca Erin) 1972. "Scale closure in upper ocean optical properties : from single particles to ocean color." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29058.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Joint Program in Biological Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2002.Includes bibliographical references.
Predictions of chlorophyll concentration from satellite ocean color are an indicator of phytoplankton primary productivity, with implications for foodweb structure, fisheries, and the global carbon cycle. Current models describing the relationship between optical properties and chlorophyll do not account for much of the optical variability observed in natural waters, because of the presence of seawater constituents that do not covary with phytoplankton pigment concentration. In an attempt to better understand variability in these models, the contributions of seawater constituents to ocean optical properties were investigated. A combination of Mie theory and flow cytometry was used to determine the diameter, complex refractive index (n+n'i), and optical cross-sections of individual particles, based on a method developed in the laboratory using phytoplankton cultures. Individual particle measurements were used to interpret variability in concurrently measured bulk optical properties in New England continental shelf waters in two seasons. The summed contribution to scattering of individual particles in the size range of 0.1-50 Cpm accounted for approximately the entire scattering coefficient measured independently using bulk methods. In surface waters in both seasons, the large diameters and n' of eukaryotic phytoplankton caused them to be the main particle contributors to both absorption and scattering. Minerals were the main contributor to backscattering, bb, in the spring, whereas in the summer both minerals and detritus contributed to bb. Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria were less important optically, contributing <11% each to attenuation in either season.
(cont.) The role of seawater constituents in determining remote sensing reflectance, Rrs, was determined using radiative transfer theory. Seasonal differences in the spectral shape of Rrs were contributed to approximately equally by eukaryotic phytoplankton absorption, dissolved absorption, and non-phytoplankton bb. A higher inverse wavelength dependence of non-phytoplankton bb in the summer was caused by the contribution of small detritus, in contrast to larger minerals in the spring. Measurements of bb and Rrs were compared to values from bio-optical models based on chlorophyll concentration. Differences in measured and modeled bb and Rrs were caused by higher dissolved absorption and higher backscattering efficiencies and scattering by non-phytoplankton than were assumed by the model.
by Rebecca E. Green.
Ph.D.
33
Majodina, Mark. "The structure of the upper ocean, atmosphere and heat fluxes - Tropical Indian Ocean." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18489.
Full textAbstract:
Sea surface temperatures in the tropical Indian Ocean have been shown to be inversely related to South African summer rainfall, making advanced predictions of this rainfall practicable. Such predictability has enormous potential economic benefits. However, these predictions have been purely statistical; very little is currently known about the marine-atmospheric processes in the Indian Ocean tropics. To address this lack of information, the structure of the upper ocean and lower atmosphere as well as the surface heat fluxes in the tropical Indian Ocean have been investigated. This was done by a special measurement programme on a research cruise in the region. Global gridded meteorological data have been used to complement the shipboard observations. Heat fluxes have been computed from the cruise observations and related to the main atmospheric patterns at the time. These patterns were identified from principal components analysis. Air-sea interaction could thus be estimated over the full tropical Indian Ocean. It is found that the thermocline depth is linked to the cyclonic ocean current shear and to the overlying distribution of wind stress curl. The meridional advection of air into the central Indian Ocean region is shown to modulate the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer in the tropical Indian Ocean. The maximum turbulent heat and moisture transports to the atmosphere are found near cyclonic atmospheric disturbances. These are the first reliable observations of the heat and moisture fluxes in that part of the tropical Indian Ocean implicated in South African rainfall. It is clear from this investigation that the synoptic atmospheric systems and the meridional flow of air are critical to enhanced atmospheric convection in the region.
34
Hague, Mark. "Ice - ocean - atmosphere interactions in the Southern Ocean and implications for phytoplankton phenology." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33708.
Full textAbstract:
The annual advance and retreat of sea ice in the Southern Ocean is recognised as one of the largest seasonal events on Earth. Such considerable physical changes have profound effects on the vertical structure of the water column, and hence controls the availability of both light and nutrients to phytoplankton. This means that in the region seasonally covered by sea ice (the SSIZ), the timing of the growth and decline (phenology) of phytoplankton is determined to a large degree by the dynamic interactions between ice, ocean and atmosphere. However, this region is simultaneously one of the most poorly observed in the global ocean, and one of the most complex. This has led to significant gaps in our understanding of how sea ice modulates the exchanges of heat and momentum between atmosphere and ocean, as well as the implications this has for phytoplankton phenology in the SSIZ. This study seeks to address these gaps by combining both model and observationallybased methods. The lack of observational data are directly tackled through an analysis of BGC-Argo float data sampling under ice. Such data reveal high growth rates in the presence of near full ice cover and deep mixed layers, conditions previously thought to prevent growth. These results suggest a revision of our current understanding of the drivers of under ice phytoplankton phenology, which should take into account the unique character of Antarctic sea ice and its effect on the under ice light environment. In addition, results obtained from several numerical process studies indicates that phytoplankton may have a higher affinity for low light conditions than previously thought. From a modelling perspective, an analysis and intercomparison of 11 Earth System Models (ESMs) and their representation of vertical mixing and phenology is presented. This revealed that misrepresentations in phenology where driven by model biases in sea ice cover and vertical mixing. That is, only models with either too much or too little ice cover were able to simulate phenology close to observations. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the location of the ice edge and the extent of vertical mixing suggested that ESMs overly dampen ocean-atmosphere fluxes as mediated by sea ice. This led to the development of a regional ocean-sea ice model of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, from which experiments enhancing both heat and momentum fluxes could be conducted. It was found that the model responded more uniformly to enhanced heat flux, generally deepening the mixed layer closer to observations in winter. On the other hand, the effects of enhanced momentum flux (implemented by increased air-ice drag) where more complex and spatially heterogeneous, with contrasting responses depending on the initial vertical density structure of the water column. Overall, the argument is made that the unique features of Antarctic sea ice should be included in models if we are to improve the representation of the SSIZ mixed layer, and hence phenology
35
Xiradakis, Pavlos. "The refractive effects of laser propagation through the ocean and within the ocean." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FXiradakis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Walters, Donald. Second Reader: Borden, Brett. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Ocean waves, Laser Scattering, Absorption, Refraction. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55). Also available in print.
36
DiMaggio, Dominic. "The role and variability of ocean heat content in the Arctic Ocean: 1948–2009." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/42611.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe observed rate of sea ice cover decline in the Arctic for the past decades is faster than those projected by the recent Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). I hypothesize that a critical source of energy in the Arctic Ocean, heat content accumulating below the surface mixed layer and above the halocline, has been increasing in magnitude and area, and may be contributing to the recent decline in the ice cover. Consistent with observations, model results from a subset of the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) indicate that heat has been stored between the mixed layer and the halocline, and that it has increased during the period of 1948 to 2009. Ongoing analyses show that the total amount and rate of increase of heat content has been largest in the western Arctic, and there is a causal relationship between the accumulation of heat content and the reduction of sea ice volume. Future studies involving new observations of physical processes and feedbacks in the western Arctic Ocean, and higher resolution and coupled climate models with improved representation of such processes and feedbacks are needed to advance understanding, realistic modeling, and improved prediction of the Arctic System and its variability and change.
37
Rubython, Katie E. "Ocean variability in the Drake Passage and Scotia Sea region of the southern ocean." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365168.
Full text
38
Greely, Teresa. "Ocean Literacy and Reasoning About Ocean Issues: The Influence of Content, Experience and Morality." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002696.
Full text
39
Long, Erik Christopher. "An analysis of an eddy-resolving global ocean model in the tropical Indian Ocean." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA241009.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Meterology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Semtner, Albert J. Jr. Second Reader: Batteen, Mary L. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 19, 2010. DTIC Descriptors: Climatology, Currents, Cycles, East (Direction), Equations, Equatorial Regions, Global, Heat Flux, Horizontal Orientation, Indian Ocean, Invariance, Mass, Mean, Models, Monsoons, Ocean Currents, Ocean Models, Resolution, Seasonal Variations, Simulation, Surface Temperature, Temperature, Tropical Regions, Velocity, West (Direction), Wind, Wind Stress. DTIC Identifier(s): Leeuwin Current. Author(s) subject terms: Oceanographic Numerical Modeling, Indian Ocean, Ocean General Circulation Model, Eddy-Resolving, Somali Current, Tropical, Equitorial. Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-143). Also available in print.
40
Montoli, Enea Marco <1987>. "Interactions between ice shelves and ocean in Antarctica : grounding line dynamics and ocean properties." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14085.
Full textAbstract:
Come conseguenza dei cambiamenti climatici in corso è previsto l’arretramento e il collasso delle esistenti piattaforme di ghiaccio antartiche. La scomparsa delle piattaforme di ghiaccio è in grado di innescare il ritiro della calotta antartica e in particolare del suo settore occidentale, essendo questo caratterizzato da una instabilità dinamica intrinseca dovuta alla morfologia del fondo roccioso su cui scorre. Al cuore dell’interazione fra oceano e continente antartico c’è lo sciogliemento basale delle piattaforme di ghiaccio. Questo scioglimento domina la dinamica della linea di atterraggio ma, nonostante la sua importanza, le sue implementazioni numeriche nei modelli per le calotte di ghiaccio non convergono a risultati univoci. Come per lo scioglimento alla base delle piattaforme di ghiaccio, anche il processo di nascita degli iceberg non gode di una formulazione universale. Tramite l’utilizzo dei modelli di ghiaccio GRISLI e Ua è stato investigato l’impatto sulla dinamica della linea di atterraggio, sulla distribuzione di scioglimento basale e sulla quantità di ghiaccio scaricata in oceano, dovuto all’utilizzo di diverse formulazioni numeriche per lo scioglimento basale. In aggiunta alle formulazioni già esistenti nei più comuni modelli di ghiaccio, durante il lavoro di tesi è stato scritto un modello dinamico semplificato della circolazione oceanica e successivamente accoppiato ai due modelli di ghiaccio.
41
Banerjee, S. "Ocean energy assessment : an integrated methodology." Thesis, Coventry University, 2011. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/16196d0d-e671-489a-ba71-f20cdb6c8df3/1.
Full textAbstract:
The huge natural energy resources available in the world’s oceans are attracting increasing commercial and political interest. In order to evaluate the status and the degree of acceptability of future Ocean Energy (OE) schemes, it was considered important to develop an Integrated Assessment Methodology (IAM) for ascertaining the relative merits of the competing OE devices being proposed. Initial studies included the gathering of information on the present status of development of the ocean energy systems on wave, OTEC and tidal schemes with the challenges faced for their commercial application. In order to develop the IAM, studies were undertaken for the development and standardization of the assessment tools focussing on: • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on emission characteristics. • Energy Accounting (EA) studies. • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) over different environmental issues. • Resource captures aspects. • Defining economy evaluation indices. The IAM developed from such studies comprised of four interrelated well defined tasks and six assessment tools. The tasks included the identification of the modus operandi on data collection to be followed (from industry) for assessing respective OE devices, and also advancing relevant guidelines as to the safety standards to be followed, for their deployment at suitable sites. The IAM as developed and validated from case studies in ascertaining relative merits of competing OE devices included: suitable site selection aspects with scope for resource utilisation capability, safety factors for survivability, scope for addressing global warming & energy accounting, the environmental impact assessment both qualitatively and quantitatively on different environmental issues, and the economic benefits achievable. Some of the new ideas and concepts which were also discovered during the development of the IAM, and considered useful to both industry and researchers are given below: • Relative Product Cost (RPC) ratio concept- introduced in making an economic evaluation. This is considered helpful in sensitivity analysis and making design improvements (hybridising etc) for the cost reduction of OE devices. This index thus helps in making feasibility studies on R&D efforts, where the capital cost requirement data and life span of the device is not well defined in the primary stages of development. • Determination of the threshold limit value of the barrage constant - considered useful in determining the efficacy of the planning process. The concept ascertained the relative efficiency achieved for various barrage proposals globally. It could also be applied to suggest the revisions required for certain barrage proposals and also found useful in predicting the basin area of undefined barrage proposal for achieving economic viability. • Estimations made on the future possibility of revenue earnings from the by-products of various OTEC types, including the scope of chemical hubs from grazing type OTEC plants. • Determination of breakeven point- on cost versus life span of wave and OTEC devices studied, which is useful in designing optimum life of the concerned devices. The above stated multi-criterion assessment methodology, IAM, was extended leading to the development of a single criterion model for ascertaining sustainability percent achievable from an OE device and termed IAMs. The IAMs was developed identifying 7 Sustainability Development Indices (SDI) using some the tools of the IAM. A sustainability scale of 0-100 was also developed, attributing a Sustainability Development Load Score (SDLS) percentage distribution pattern over each SDIs, depending on their relative importance in achieving sustainability. The total sum of sustainability development (SD) gained from each SDI gave the IAMs (for the concerned device), indicating the total sustainable percentage achieved. The above IAMs developed, could be applied in ranking OE devices alongside the unsustainable coal power station. A mathematical model of estimating the IAMs was formulated, in order to ascertain the viability to the sustainable development of any energy device. The instruments of IAM and IAMs which have been developed would be helpful to the OE industry in ascertaining the degree of acceptability of their product. In addition it would also provide guidelines for their safe deployment by assessing the relative merits of competing devices. Furthermore, IAM and IAMs would be helpful to researchers undertaking feasibility studies on R&D efforts for material development research, ‘hybridization studies’ (as also new innovations), cost reduction, the performance improvement of respective devices, and any economic gains. With future advancements in OE systems and the availability of field data from large scale commercial applications, the specific values/data of the IAM & IAMs may be refined, but the logic of the models developed in this research would remain the same.
42
Bennett, Sara L. "Where three oceans meet the Algulhas retroflection region /." Woods Hole, Mass. : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19285078.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988."Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research through contract Numbers N00014-84-C-0134, N00014-85-C-0001, and N00014-87-K-0001." "October 1988." Includes bibliographical references (p. 357-367).
43
Corell, Hanna. "Applications of ocean transport modelling." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75344.
Full textAbstract:
The advective motion of seawater governs the transport of almost everything, animate or inanimate, present in the ocean and those lacking the ability to outswim the currents have to follow the flow. This makes modelling of advective ocean transports a powerful tool in various fields of science where a displacement of something over time is studied. The present thesis comprises four different applications of ocean-transport modelling, ranging from large-scale heat transports to the dispersion of juvenile marine organisms. The aim has been to adapt the method not only to the object of study, but also to the available model-data sets and in situ-observations. The first application in the thesis is a study of the oceanic heat transport. It illustrates the importance of wind forcing for not only the heat transport from the Indian to the Atlantic Ocean, but also for the net northward transport of heat in the Atlantic. In the next study focus is on the particle-transport differences between an open and a semi-enclosed coastal area on the Swedish coast of the Baltic Sea. The modelled patterns of sedimentation and residence times in the two basins are examined after particles having been released from a number of prescribed point sources. In the two final studies the transport-modelling framework is applied within a marine-ecology context and the transported entities are larvae of some Scandinavian sessile and sedentary species and non-commercial fishes (e.g. the bay barnacle, the blue mussel, the shore crab and the gobies). The effects of depth distribution of dispersing larvae on the efficiency of the Marine Protected Areas in the Baltic Sea are examined. Further, the diversity in dispersal and connectivity depending on vertical behaviour is modelled for regions with different tidal regimes in the North Sea, the Skagerrak and the Kattegat. The spatial scales dealt with in the studies varied from global to a highly resolved 182-metres grid. The model results, excepting those from the global study, are based on or compared with in situ-data.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 3: Submitted. 4: Manuscript.
44
Laestander, Joakim, and Simon Laestander. "OTEC - Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98974.
Full textAbstract:
OTEC is a technology where power is produced by utilizing the temperature difference in the oceans between surface water and water from the deep. It is considered that a temperature difference of 20K is required – a temperature difference found close to the equator.This report investigates if OTEC can produce enough electricity to provide 100 000 people, living on a generic island of 10 km2 somewhere alongside the equator in the pacific ocean, with their electricity needs. In this project a literature review has been made to establish a basic knowledge of OTEC and later a mathematical model has been programmed and simulated. Finally the results of the simulation has been examined and discussed.Two different cycles has been simulated alongside each other with the goal to establish which one of these two cycles that were best suited the island. To facilitate computing some assumptions and simplifications were made.The closed cycle (CC) was the most effective but the open cycle (OC) had several positive synergies that the closed cycle didn’t have. The costs of a facility of both cycles were based on older studies in the field and the conclusion was that the open cycle was the cheaper one. Facilities of both cycles can effectively meet the islands energy needs but if OC is chosen before CC more facilities has to be built due to the OC has lower energy output.Further work and development is necessary before OTEC seriously can challenge todays fossil fuel based energy systems, or until the oil starts to get too expensive. Today OTEC technology demands large investments but if the positive environmental effects and the fact that the island releases itself from import of energy are taken into account there are incentives to invest in OTEC already.OTEC är en teknik där kraft utvinns från havsvatten genom att utnyttja temperaturdifferensen mellan ytvatten och vatten från djupet. Denna teknik kräver dock generellt en temperaturdifferens på minst 20K. En sådan temperaturskillnad är geografiskt begränsad till den tropiska zonen runt ekvatorn.I rapporten undersöks om OTEC kan användas till att förse 100 000 människor, boende på en 10 stor generisk ö i just den tropiska zonen, med dess elbehov. I detta projekt har det gjorts en litteraturstudie för att etablera en kunskapsbas och sedan gjorts en matematisk modell i programmet EES och slutligen har resultaten från modellen granskats och diskuterats. I modellen jämfördes två olika cykler och målet var att bestämma vilken av dessa som var det bästa alternativet för ön. För att underlätta beräkningarna gjordes vissa antaganden och förenklingar.Den slutna cykeln var mest effektiv men den öppna cykeln (OC) hade positiva synergieffekter som den sluta cykeln (CC) saknade. Kostnaden för en anläggning baserades på äldre studier och enligt dessa var den öppna cykeln billigare än den slutna. Anläggningar av de båda cyklerna kan tillgodose den fiktiva öns energibehov, det behöver dock byggas fler anläggningar om OC väljs framför CC.Det kommer krävas ytterligare arbete med att utveckla tekniken innan OTEC på allvar kan utmana dagens fossilbränslebaserade energisystem – eller att oljan helt enkelt blir för dyr. Idag är OTEC för dyrt för att kunna motiveras rent ekonomiskt, men om även miljövinsterna beaktas, samt att ön befriar sig från importer och därigenom får större kontroll över sitt eget energisystem, finns goda incitament att investera i OTEC redan idag.
45
Button, Keith Alfred. "Triton: outpost in the ocean." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2854.
Full textAbstract:
The ocean, especially the deep ocean, dominates this world; it is the largest single habitat on the planet, a habitat whose inhabitants constitute the most common forms of life on this planet. By its immense influence on the global climate systems, this vast realm continually shapes life on the land. It is the least understood realm on the planet, home to a system of life that we did not know existed ? nor was it one we could even have imagined - only found by accident in the late twentieth century. We are tampering blindly with this vast realm, destroying segments of the intricate and complex systems of life within it. We plunder its riches and only return our waste. We need to know the ocean; it just may control our fate. Presently, there is a gap in our ability to study this realm: we can no longer only sit on the surface, peering in from time to time; we need to look beneath the ocean's obscuring surface, at any point, for extended periods. Small research submersibles and self-contained diving gear only become available in the later half of the twentieth century, allowing us to venture beneath the ocean's surface. However, these have severe limitations, in their endurance (usually measured in hours) and operational conditions. The heyday for underwater research was the late nineteen-sixties; at that time there were, around the world, over fifty fixed undersea habitats operated by half a dozen countries. Their complexity, and their large on- and off- shore support requirements, eventually lead their sponsors to abandon of most of these habitats. There are only two left operating today, both of which are just off the coast of Florida, with one converted to a dive-access hotel in a coastal lagoon and the other anchored well offshore, the last remaining active undersea research habitat in the world.
We need a new type of ocean-going research vessel that will operate as an observation post on the deep ocean. Scientists need to collect a variety of data, over scales ranging from millimetres to kilometres and time spans ranging from seconds to days, years, and even decades; do this through a continuous, comprehensive, long-term, manned presence on and in the ocean, down to the seafloor, instead of trying to piece together processes by taking intermittent snapshots of a relatively few places and events; and keep this whole endeavour open and accessible to the entire world. A vessel that bridges the surface that isolates the two separate but intricately linked worlds, above and below, would enable researchers to be in both places at once. What such a vessel would be like, how it would function, and what challenges it would deal with; such a vessel is the focus of this thesis.
46
Seo, Hyodae. "Mesoscale coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3263355.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 10, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-152).
47
Woodgate, Rebecca A. "Data assimilation in ocean models." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359566.
Full text
48
Moore, A. M. "Data assimilation in ocean models." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375276.
Full text
49
Reid, William David Kenneth. "Trophodynamics on mid-ocean ridges." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1744.
Full textAbstract:
The global mid-ocean ridge (MOR) system is ~60 000 km long and accounts for 9% of the seafloor. Deep-sea organisms living on MOR have two potential energy sources; chemosynthesis and the downward flux of photosynthetic organic matter. This study examines the trophodynamics of benthic fauna collected from non-vent sites north and south of the Charlie-Gibb Fracture Zone (CGFZ) on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) and hydrothermal vents fields (E2 and E9) on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) using stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) and sulphur (δ34S). δ13C and δ34S values revealed the MAR benthos was sustained by photosynthetic primary production and no chemosynthetic food source was detected. δ15N values of benthic invertebrates were lower than the surficial sediments at the southern site but this did not occur at the northern site. Benthic invertebrates appeared to comprise a separate food chain to bentho-pelagic fishes and crustaceans but size-based trends in δ13C and δ15N revealed at certain life history stages bentho-pelagic fishes may consume benthic fauna. Size-based trends in δ13C and δ15N trends varied spatially and temporally in some bentho-pelagic fishes, which suggested differences in feeding plasticity among the species. Spatial differences among sites were observed in δ13C, δ15N and δ34S of the ESR vent fauna. These were thought to reflect differences in the vent fluid chemistry, vent derived carbon fixation pathways and incorporation of photosynthetic organic matter into the vent system depending on the species and the magnitude of the difference among sites. Size and sex were important determinants of intra-population variability in stable isotope values of three species of vent fauna but this was not consistent among sites. Abstract ii The present study revealed the importance of undertaking a tri-isotope approach to deep-sea trophic studies in order to elucidate production sources and at different sizes deep-sea organisms can link different trophic pathways.
50
Percival, James R. "Displacement assimilation for ocean models." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501349.
Full textAbstract:
Advances in numerical ocean modelling have led to increasing interest in data assimilation for the purpose of ocean forecasting. The majority of current assimilation techniques ignore the integral constraints inherent in ocean dynamics, and instead locally insert information from observations in an Eulerian sense. It has been shown that such methods can generate spurious circulations by affecting balance of dynamic ocean tracers. In this thesis techniques are presented which solve a rearrangement problem to perform data assimilation under an integral constraint, effectively performing assimilation in a Lagrangian sense to correct assumed initial phase error. A descent algorithm equivalent to three dimensional variational assimilation is developed for the pure rearrangement problem, based on an advective process acting in pseudo-time. This method is shown to assimilate direct observations successfully, even when observations are only available on a limited subdomain. Two novel modifications which improve the rate of convergence are also discussed.