Academic literature on the topic 'Occupational training Australia Evaluation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Occupational training Australia Evaluation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Ross, Victoria, Neil Caton, Sharna Mathieu, Jorgen Gullestrup, and Kairi Kõlves. "Evaluation of a Suicide Prevention Program for the Energy Sector." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (September 3, 2020): 6418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176418.
Full textAbstract:
There is evidence indicating that traditionally male-dominated occupations are associated with greater risk of suicide. In Australia, MATES in Construction was developed as an occupational health initiative to prevent suicides in the industry. The program has recently been applied to the energy industry; however, little is known regarding exposure to suicide and suicide prevention interventions in this sector. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of MATES in Energy general awareness training (GAT), and estimate the prevalence of recent suicidal ideation and exposure to suicidal behaviors in workers. A before and after design was used to examine the effectiveness of GAT training. Data were collected from 4887 participants undertaking GAT training at energy sites across Queensland, Australia. In total, 2% (97) of participants reported recent suicidal thoughts, 65% of participants reported they had known someone who had attempted suicide, and 69% had known someone who died by suicide. Significant improvements were found on all suicide literacy items after GAT training. Younger people were more likely to be positively affected by the intervention. The results indicate that the MATES in Energy program is successfully transitioning from the construction industry, and offers the first empirically supported suicide intervention tailored to the energy sector.
2
Kurti, Linda, Susan Rudland, Rebecca Wilkinson, Dawn DeWitt, and Catherine Zhang. "Physician's assistants: a workforce solution for Australia?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 17, no. 1 (2011): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10055.
Full textAbstract:
Significant medical workforce shortages, particularly in rural and remote locations, have prompted a range of responses in Australia at both state and Commonwealth levels. One such response was a pilot project to test the suitability of the Physician Assistant (PA) role in the Australian context. Five US-trained and accredited PAs were employed by Queensland Health and deployed in urban, rural and remote settings across Queensland. A concurrent mixed-method evaluation was conducted by Urbis, an independent research firm. The evaluation found that the PAs provided quality, safe clinical care under the supervision of local medical officers. The majority of nurses and doctors who worked with the PAs believed that the PAs made a positive contribution to the health care team by increasing capacity to meet patient needs; reducing on-call requirements for doctors; liaising with other clinical team members; streamlining procedures for efficient patient throughput; and providing continuity during periods of doctor changeover. The Pilot demonstrated that a delegated PA role can provide safe, quality health care by augmenting an established healthcare team. The PA role has the potential to benefit the community by increasing the capacity of the health care system, and to improve recruitment and retention by providing an additional professional pathway. The small size of the Pilot limits the ability to generalise regarding the future efficacy of the PA role in Australia. Further research is required to test training and deployment of PAs in a wider range of Australian clinical settings, including general practice and rural health clinics.
3
King, Tania, Jorgen Gullestrup, Philip Batterham, Brian Kelly, Chris Lockwood, Helen Lingard, Samuel Harvey, Anthony LaMontagne, and Allison Milner. "Shifting Beliefs about Suicide: Pre-Post Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Program for Workers in the Construction Industry." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102106.
Full textAbstract:
Suicide is a significant health problem that is known to disproportionately affect those employed in manual occupations, including construction workers and tradespeople. Universal General Awareness Training (GAT) was part of a multi-component suicide prevention program in the Australian construction industry. The program’s aims were to increase awareness of mental health and suicide, reduce stigma, and encourage help-seeking and help-offering behaviours. This paper sought to examine the effectiveness of the GAT program in shifting suicide beliefs. Pre- and post-training survey data of 20,125 respondents was obtained from a database of GAT evaluation results between 2016 and 2018. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were fitted to examine belief changes, and predictive margins and their SEs were computed. Mean differences in belief change were obtained for the overall sample, and by occupation. Modest but significant favourable shifts in three of the four beliefs assessed were observed following GAT. Managers and professionals showed greater propensity to shift beliefs, and Labourers and Machinery Operators and Drivers showed least. Results suggest that GAT can successfully shift some beliefs regarding suicide and mental health at least in the short term, but highlight the need to tailor communication to vulnerable occupational groups.
4
Swift, Michelle Carr, Leigh Roeger, Cathy Walmsley, Sara Howard, Gareth Furber, and Stephen Allison. "Rural children referred for conduct problems: evaluation of a collaborative program." Australian Journal of Primary Health 15, no. 4 (2009): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09029.
Full textAbstract:
Rural families can find it difficult to access mental health treatment for children’s conduct problems. The current program was designed to provide immediate assistance to families who faced extended waiting times in the south-eastern region of South Australia. In this collaborative project, a primary care professional delivered a telephone-guided version of a clinically based parent training program (Barkley’s Defiant Children) with program support from mental health services. The 12-week trial included 29 children aged 2–12 years who were referred for disruptive behaviour, attention-deficit hyperactivity and learning difficulties. Children were randomised to either a parent training group or a waiting list control group. Parents in the training program were generally satisfied (Therapy Attitude Inventory overall rating = 4.3 measured on a 5-point Likert scale). The main behavioural measure showed significantly better outcomes for the training program (Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (ECBI): Intensity scale (F1,27 = 11.39, P < 0.01) and Problem scale (F1,27 = 11.64, P < 0.01). For the parent training group, the mean score for the ECBI Intensity scale was reduced from above the clinical cut-off before treatment to below the cut-off after treatment. The effect sizes were 0.45 for the ECBI Intensity scale and 0.31 for the ECBI Problem scale. This suggests that the Defiant Children parent training can be adapted successfully for use by primary care professionals.
5
Kakar, Sheena R., Shailendra Sawleshwarkar, Darren B. Russell, and Richard J. Hillman. "Evaluation of sexual health medicine teaching at medical schools in Australia and New Zealand." Sexual Health 8, no. 1 (2011): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh10042.
Full textAbstract:
Background: In the absence of guidelines for sexual health medicine (SHM) curriculum for medical schools in Australia and New Zealand, little is known about the current curriculum. We therefore, sought to quantitatively and qualitatively measure the existing SHM teaching at medical schools in the region. Methods: SHM specialists and Deans (or their nominated delegates) were requested to complete a questionnaire with respect to the SHM teaching in their associated medical schools. Results: Forty-two specialists completed the questionnaire. Wide variations were found in the time spent on various topics in SHM. ‘Training to teach’ was found to be a major unmet need of SHM specialists. Four (16.7%) of 24 medical schools completed the questionnaire. The total time allocated to SHM in these medical schools varied from 13.6 to 39.0 h, with a median of 31.1 h. At least 70% of key SHM topics were covered in all curricula. Conclusion: SHM teaching varied markedly in terms of subject matter, allocated time and teaching modalities. National guidelines for the teaching of SHM to medical students could facilitate the development of more consistent standards within the medical workforce. Training in teaching and learning methods to specialists may improve dissemination of sexual health skills to the wider medical workforce.
6
Ore, Timothy. "Evaluation of safety training for manual handling of people with disabilities in specialised group homes in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 27, no. 1 (February 2003): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00382.x.
Full text
7
Berecki-Gisolf, Janneke, Bosco Rowland, Nicola Reavley, Barbara Minuzzo, and John Toumbourou. "Evaluation of community coalition training effects on youth hospital-admitted injury incidence in Victoria, Australia: 2001–2017." Injury Prevention 26, no. 5 (November 21, 2019): 463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043386.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundInjuries are one of the three leading causes of morbidity and mortality for young people internationally. Although community risk factors are modifiable causes of youth injury, there has been limited evaluation of community interventions. Communities That Care (CTC) offers a coalition training process to increase evidence-based practices that reduce youth injury risk factors.MethodUsing a non-experimental design, this study made use of population-based hospital admissions data to evaluate the impact on injuries for 15 communities that implemented CTC between 2001 and 2017 in Victoria, Australia. Negative binomial regression models evaluated trends in injury admissions (all, unintentional and transport), comparing CTC and non-CTC communities across different age groups.ResultsStatistically significant relative reductions in all hospital injury admissions in 0–4 year olds were associated with communities completing the CTC process and in 0–19 year olds when communities began their second cycle of CTC. When analysed by subgroup, a similar pattern was observed with unintentional injuries but not with transport injuries.ConclusionThe findings support CTC coalition training as an intervention strategy for preventing youth hospital injury admissions. However, future studies should consider stronger research designs, confirm findings in different community contexts, use other data sources and evaluate intervention mechanisms.
8
Heartfield, Marie, Andrea Morello, Melanie Harris, Sharon Lawn, Vincenza Pols, Carolyn Stapleton, and Malcolm Battersby. "e-Learning competency for practice nurses: an evaluation report." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 4 (2013): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py13033.
Full textAbstract:
Practice nurses in Australia are now funded to facilitate chronic condition management, including self-management support. Chronic disease management requires an established rapport, support and proactivity between general practitioners, patients and the practice nurses. To achieve this, training in shared decision making is needed. e-Learning supports delivery and achievement of such policy outcomes, service improvements and skill development. However, e-learning effectiveness for health care professionals’ is determined by several organisational, economic, pedagogical and individual factors, with positive e-learning experience linked closely to various supports. This paper reinforces previous studies showing nurses’ expanding role across general practice teams and reports on some of the challenges of e-learning. Merely providing practice nurses with necessary information via web-based learning systems does not ensure successful learning or progress toward improving health outcomes for patients.
9
McGlynn, Anna, Cathy O’Callaghan, Brendon McDougall, Julie Osborne, and Ben Harris-Roxas. "Translating Health Coaching Training into Clinical Practice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 16075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316075.
Full textAbstract:
Health coaching can benefit people with managing chronic conditions. It considers people’s motivations, is person-centred and has the capacity to promote healthy lifestyles and address chronic disease risk factors. However, how health coaching training is translated into routine clinical practice at unit and service levels has been under explored. A metropolitan local health district in Sydney, Australia provided coaching training to health professionals, but the extent to which coaching skills were translated into clinical practice was unknown. A redesign methodology was used to identify barriers and facilitators for training-to-practice translation. Survey and workshop findings indicated that participants were satisfied with the coaching training but found it challenging to apply in clinical practice. Identified opportunities to support the application of health coaching were tailored practical training, post training support, and consensus on the definition of health coaching. Solutions were to develop an internal practical training program, use consistent terminology, and embed organisational support. Adoption of health coaching needs to occur on three levels; individual, workplace and organisation to ensure effective health care delivery. This case study demonstrates the importance of evaluation and diagnostics of contextual barriers and enablers to inform translation into practice.
10
Taylor, Sandra, Jo Mensinga, Jennifer Casey, and Barbie Caldwell. "Implementing and evaluating an alternative model for training field work educators." Journal of Practice Teaching and Learning 8, no. 1 (December 20, 2012): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v8i1.363.
Full textAbstract:
In conjunction with academic social work educators, fieldwork supervisors are significant and influential instructors of emerging social work practitioners. This partnership is typically enhanced by universities offering training for fieldwork supervisors to assist and support them in their important roles. This can be challenging however in flexibly delivered programs where supervisors may be located in areas distant from the universities with which students are affiliated. Further, within the current human services context particularly in rural areas, fieldwork education is becoming increasingly subject to a range of organisational and policy imperatives that have the potential to limit the capacity of fieldwork supervisors to proactively engage with social work education This paper describes a pilot project developed and evaluated in Central Queensland Australia which aimed to address some of these challenges. A multi-facetted approach to training, mentoring and supporting fieldwork supervisors of social work students on practicum was developed and implemented across diverse organisational and geographical contexts. Findings of the evaluation and implications for fieldwork education are presented.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Dempsey, Mairead. "Impacts of the changing nature of the Vocational Education and Training (VET) system on educators within the VET system in Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/586.
Full textAbstract:
Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Australia has experienced an unprecedented rate of change in recent times dominated by economic discourses that point to the need for the VET system to contribute to economic development. This discourse includes increasing the competence of the present and future workforce to meet the emerging needs of the economy so Australia can compete in the global market. The VET sector in Australia operates within a National Training Framework that has been constantly changing over the past decade.
This study considered the impact of the changing nature VET policy on trainers of VET. The study explored the proposition that there is a link between VET trainer competency and a high level of non-compliance in the delivery and assessment aspects of the Australian regulatory standards.
This study includes an environmental scan, a review of key literature, interviews, a survey and findings from focus groups that relate to the VET trainer profile, impacts of sector changes and benchmarks for trainers of VET. The study draws on both quantitative and qualitative data to determine some of the impacts of policy changes on trainers operating within the system, from regulatory to operational perspectives.
This study identifies a basic profile of VET trainers in Australia. It found the pace of change of government policy, regulatory changes, expectations of industry and changes in learners had placed considerable strain on VET providers and their trainers. Some of the challenges identified by trainers included the capacity to reflect the requirements of National Training Packages and meets the needs of the diverse learner’s, and the use of new technology. They identified increased stress levels and pressure of time constraints to produce results.
The evidence indicated the disparity of content, delivery and assessment and modes of the benchmark Certificate IV in Training and Assessment was not conducive to consistency in trainer competency and ability to meet the changing needs of the VET environment.
An important conclusion was that the benchmark qualification for training and assessment within the VET sector does not provide sufficient skills and knowledge to enable trainers to confidently adjust to the speed of evolution within the VET sector. The findings led to recommendations that may help to inform government and policy makers who hold responsibility for the VET sector in Australia of possible future considerations in relation to trainers of VET.
2
Putra, Andreas Wahyu Gunawan, University of Western Sydney, and Sydney Graduate School of Management. "Evaluating training programs : evaluating training programs for front line associates in the hotel sector in Sydney : demonstrating Kirkpatrick's model." THESIS_SGSM_XXX_Putra_A.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/723.
Full textAbstract:
Research for this project was undertaken by means of a broad and comprehensive literature search, a field study and the development of four working papers. It has been quoted,The hospitality industry appears to be facing increasing competitive pressures to improve the quality of its delivery of products and services. For many hotels, success depends largely on the availability of qualified line associates who are able to translate and consistently maintain their company's operational standards of service. Hotel companies, thus, must take training programs for front line associates seriously to accommodate the growing pressure to provide qualified associates. Consequently, many hotels now highlight training activities for front line associates as a means of providing an outstanding service for their customers. However, there is often scepticism about whether training actually pays off for organisations. Despite the importance of the topic, there appears to be little research on evaluating training for front line associates in the hospitality industry, particularly in the hotel sector. Therefore, this project is arguably pioneering in its analysis of applying the model chosen. It has demonstrated through empirical evidence the usefulness of the model to the four hotels in Sydney. This project has investigated evaluating training programs by analysing the reaction of the trainees, learning gained by the trainees, transfer of learning to the workplace by the trainees and training outcomes. The research is expected to be useful to other training practitioners and/or scholars who are interested in taking further research in the hospitality industry, particularly in the hotel sector.Doctor of Business Administration
3
Sefton, Robin 1941. "Alternative futures : cultivating a new management paradigm in vocational education and training." Monash University, Faculty of Education, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7658.
Full text
4
Poerio, Loretta. "An evaluation of police training in handling domestic violence situations." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PM/09pmp745.pdf.
Full text
5
Alturaigy, Abdullah S. "Evaluation of a training program in a major company in Saudi Arabia /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115519.
Full text
6
Gonya, Odwa Otto. "Improving the effectiveness of training in Sanlam sky." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15116.
Full textAbstract:
Sanlam Sky is a division of the Sanlam Group focusing on the developing markets. The division plays an important role in employing previously disadvantaged people with little or no prior training and experience. Training is the methodical development of Knowledge, Skills and Attitude that is required by the employee to perform a given task on the job satisfactorily. The training department therefore has a key responsibility of providing effective training to the newly appointed and existing employees and can be viewed as an essential vehicle for company success. The study identified that investment is allocated for the training and development of employees over the past years at Sanlam Sky and the organisation has not measured the effectiveness of training prior to this study. The main purpose of this study was to determine if the training initiatives at Sanlam Sky are effective or not and then identify factors to improve effectiveness of training at Sanlam Sky. The study also addresses the question of “what are the assessment methods for measuring T&D effectiveness that exist in the literature?” The empirical study included the distribution of a self-administered questionnaire amongst operations and distribution staff. Data was collected from multiple sources including 88 respondents and triangulated with unstructured interview data sourced from the learning managers; this data was used to assess the effectiveness of training and develop strategies for improvement. The findings indicate that the training provided at Sanlam Sky is effective, however there are no clear guidelines on identifying training needs in the organisation. The study identified that there is no evaluation framework that is used at Sanlam Sky. The trainees are not given an opportunity to choose how they want their training to be facilitated. Hypothesis of the study was tested and finally the study offers recommendations to be implemented in improving the effectiveness of training.
7
Wan, Fook-gun, and 尹福根. "Development of methodologies for evaluating manpower training programmes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264530.
Full text
8
Jones, Nigel V. "Occupational stress, a cross-sectional and logitudinal analysis." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/953.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the presence of occupational stress among teachers. It did not set out to identify and explain variables associated with stress among teachers, rather the study focussed on the multitude of variables identified in the literature and sought to include these in a more extensive causal model. The study was conducted in two main stages. Firstly, a cross-sectional survey investigated the presence of stress among 230 teachers, as measured by Psychological Stress, Physical Health, Job Satisfaction and & desire to Leave their Job. The survey obtained information on stress outcome variables (Psychological Stress, Physical Health, Job Satisfaction and Wanting to Leave), biographical information, personality (Hardiness, Type A Behaviour, Locus of Control, Extraversion and Neuroticism), psycho-social variables, (Social Support, Problem Solving, Emotional Coping mechanisms and Self Esteem) and work and life stressors (Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Job Responsibility, Job Future Ambiguity, Underutilization of Skill, Inequity of Pay, participation in Decision Making, Administrative Support, Relationships with Peers, Extra Work, Wanted Extra Work, Workload, Work Hours and major Life Events). Causal models using path analysis were then generated to account for the relationships found within the data. Secondly a longitudinal study over six months was conducted on 242 teachers. The causal models generated in the first study were re-tested on this second group of teachers, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Furthermore the importance of existing levels of stress in the prediction of future stress was assessed. Finally a three year follow up was conducted on the survey's participants. The results of the investigations revealed that:-(i) the utility of demographic information in the stress process was inconsistent. (ii) that among measures of work stressors there are replication and redundancies. (iii) that the different stress outcome measures had different predictors. (iv) that the best fitting causal models for the stress process were direct effect models. (v) that existing stress levels am an important factor in the prediction of future stress levels. (vi) that those teachers who indicated a desire to leave teaching and/or were experiencing psychological stress, were more likely to leave teaching three years later. (vii) that there is a need to standardize both the outcome and predictor variables used in stress research. The implications of these results were then discussed as were areas for future research.
9
Donaldson, Sherry. "A policy analysis of a private sector company's response to the career start traineeship." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1995. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1165.
Full textAbstract:
During 1994 BHP Iron Ore is investigating the costs benefits and possibilities of introducing a new Traineeship scheme called Career Start for the Metals and Engineering sector of its workforce. This study explores the factors which impact upon the introduction of the new competency based training scheme. It provides BHP with information for determining whether to adopt the Traineeship scheme as the sole entry level training program for the company, whether to reject the Traineeship scheme altogether, whether to run the Traineeship scheme side by side with the Apprenticeship scheme or to integrate it with the current Apprenticeship scheme in some form or other, within the Metals and Engineering sector. In order to make this determination BHP needs to decide upon a policy making process that is rational, comprehensive, objective, considered and that presents a range of alternatives with means to defined ends. A variation of the rational model for policy making is used to provide a broad framework for developing an answer to the major research question which is: What considerations does BHP need to take Into account to determine whether or not to introduce the Career Start Traineeship scheme? To answer the major research question several subsidiary questions based on the five steps of the rational model were pursued.
10
Miller-Scott, Cheryl. "Evidence-Based Health Literacy Training Program for Occupational Therapy Professionals : Program Development and Evaluation." NSUWorks, 2014. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/2.
Full textAbstract:
This capstone project is a training program development and evaluation project. The purpose of the project was to develop, pilot, and evaluate an
evidence-based health literacy training program for occupational therapy professionals. Occupational therapy strives to be a science-driven profession, which provides client-centered care. Health literacy is a client-centered factor for which occupational therapy professionals require additional training to best serve their clients in all settings and across the lifespan. A review of health literacy literature was used in this project to develop the training program and offers a science-driven approach to this client-centered factor for occupational therapists to better serve their clients and their families. This program development project included pilot presentations of the training program at two locations, followed by the collection of feedback from the participants. The feedback was used to conduct a training program evaluation, which offered a platform for enhancements for future versions of the training program. The final objective of the project is to offer a program improvement plan and subsequently publish the evidence-based health literacy training program to make it available to all practicing occupational therapy professionals.
Books on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Andrew, Smith. Training and development in Australia. Sydney: Butterworths, 1992.
Find full text
2
Andrew, Smith. Training and development in Australia. 2nd ed. Sydney: Butterworths, 1998.
Find full text
3
Castles, Ian. Education and training in Australia. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1992.
Find full text
4
Pearce, Ian D. The assessment and evaluation of training. London: FTPitman, 1997.
Find full text
5
European Social Fund. Programme Evaluation Unit. Specific skills training. Dublin: ESF Programme Evaluation Unit, 1992.
Find full text
6
Leslie, Rae, ed. Assessing the value of your training: The evaluation process from training needs to the report to the board. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower, 2002.
Find full text
7
Nahar, Kabir Nurun, and Bangladesh Society for Training and Development., eds. Performance assessment of training institutions in Bangladesh using BSTD standards. Dhaka: Bangladesh Society for Training and Development, 2008.
Find full text
8
Knapp, Randy. Michigan Opportunity and Skill Training (MOST) Evaluation: Interim report : public assistance dependency data. [Lansing?]: Office of Planning, Budget, and Evaluation, Planning and Evaluation Division, 1989.
Find full text
9
Doolittle, Fred C. Implementing the National JTPA Study. New York, N.Y. (3 Park Ave., New York 10016): Manpower Demonstration Research Corp., 1990.
Find full text
10
Doolittle, Fred C. Implementing the National JTPA Study. New York, N.Y. (3 Park Ave., New York 10016): Manpower Demonstration Research Corp., 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Shen, Chen. "Implementation and evaluation of training programmes." In Training Teachers of Chinese in Australia, 138–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003175957-7.
Full text
2
Shen, Chen. "Implementation and evaluation of training programmes." In Training Teachers of Chinese in Australia, 138–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003175957-7.
Full text
3
Sunardiyo, Said, Henry Ananta, Ubaidilah Siroj, and Lambang Setyo Utomo. "Evaluation of the Results of Competency Training of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) for Laboratory Workers and Laboratory Technicians in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang." In Proceedings of the 4th Vocational Education International Conference (VEIC 2022), 117–22. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-47-3_16.
Full text
4
"Education and training in prevention Evaluation of perceived risk by education professionals in kindergarten." In Occupational Safety and Hygiene, 175–80. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14391-34.
Full text
5
"Eye disorders." In Oxford Handbook of Occupational Health 3e, edited by Steven S. Sadhra, Alan J. Bray, Steve Boorman, Steven S. Sadhra, Alan J. Bray, and Steve Boorman, 309–16. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198849803.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
An important aspect of occupational health is the prevention, identification, evaluation and treatment of eye disorders. This chapter covers Eye injuries, Conjunctivitis and keratitis, Cataract, Retinal burns and Refractive Errors. Regrettably despite training and the provision of PPE eye injuries remain common. The first 4 sections adopt the common theme of Epidemiology, causes, industries at risk, Prevention, Clinical assessment, medical management and Relevant legislation. A new section on refractive errors and their correction provides practical guidance for OH professionals conducting assessments on vision. Overall, the chapter provide a comprehensive summary of how to provide professional advice for a range of common eye conditions experienced in the working environment.
6
McKenzie, Jr., E. A., Mathew G. Hause, and Thomas G. Bobick. "Construction: Accessing and Working on Elevated Work Surfaces Safely." In Modern Occupational Diseases Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Management and Prevention, 256–86. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815049138122010017.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides general information and educational resources that can explain methods to safely access elevated worksites in the construction industry and develop teaching and training tools from the provided content. Fatality data are presented to emphasize the dangerous nature of construction work at elevations. These data verify that falls from elevations are still the primary cause of fatal injuries in the construction industry. The NIOSH Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) program is highlighted throughout the chapter. The NIOSH FACE database of fatality reports identifies risk factors and recommendations for mitigating future fatal injuries. Additionally, NIOSH research activities are discussed that relate to fall prevention and protection. The activities discussed are a sample of popular fall protection techniques available to construction workers. They emphasize creating a safe working environment using ladders, scaffolds, and lifts through proper training and awareness. Proper planning, training, and practice can reduce the potential of fatal fall-related incidents from occurring.
7
Beaumont, Renae, Sharon Hinton, and Kate Sofronoff. "The Secret Agent Society." In Computer-Mediated Learning for Workforce Development, 22–40. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4111-0.ch002.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, there has been a worldwide commitment to integrating technology into classrooms to train students in the computer skills they will need to be workforce ready. This chapter provides an overview of the Secret Agent Society – Whole of Class Project: a randomized controlled trial of a gaming-based social skills training curriculum that was conducted in Grade 5 classrooms throughout Australia. The chapter explores the content, structure, and delivery format of the social skills program, together with the design and implementation of an online teacher training course to accompany it. Teacher feedback on the online teacher training course is presented, together with recommendations for enhancing the design, implementation, and evaluation of future online professional development courses for school staff.
8
Niskanen, Toivo. "A Sociotechnical Systems Approach Applying a Novel Taxonomy to a Survey for the Assessment of Safety Performance." In Advanced Macroergonomics and Sociotechnical Approaches for Optimal Organizational Performance, 71–98. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7192-6.ch004.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this chapter was to explore a sociotechnical systems approach applying a novel taxonomy with respect to safety performance. The study applied a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Workers (n = 120) and managers (n = 85) were asked to complete a questionnaire survey (Appendix). The following hypotheses were supported: “Activities of the management” had positive impacts on five aggregated variables, namely “near-accident investigation and instructions” (H1), “occupational safety and health (OSH) training” (H2), “operations, technical processes, and the safe use of chemicals” (H3), “use of personal protective equipment” (H4), and “measuring, follow-up, and prevention of major accidents” (H5). By undertaking a statistical evaluation and then devising a novel taxonomy, it was possible to gain detailed insights into diverse aspects of a high-risk industry's work with regard to complex sociotechnical systems. When applying the current approach through participatory cooperation, organizations may acquire new perspectives on their safety performance.
9
Compton, Michael T., and Beth Broussard. "Finding Specialized Programs for Early Psychosis." In The First Episode of Psychosis. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195372496.003.0024.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the time, people of all different ages and with all sorts of mental illnesses go to the same place to see a doctor, get medicines, or participate in counseling. That is, they go to mental health clinics or the office of a mental health professional that provides treatments for a number of different illnesses. Most young people who have psychosis get their medical care and treatment in a hospital, clinic, or doctor’s office. In these places, the doctors and other mental health professionals may have taken special classes about how to help young people with psychosis, but that may not be their only focus. They may see people with other illnesses too. However, in some places around the world, there are special clinics that are for people in the early stages of psychosis. These types of specialized programs have been developed recently, since the 1990s. These programs have a number of different types of mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses, social workers, counselors, and others. In some programs, mental health professionals and doctors in training may rotate through the clinic spending several months at a time training in the clinic. Some programs, like the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, operate within the framework of a youth health service. Such youth services treat all sorts of mental health issues in young people. Other programs are located primarily in adult mental health facilities. Such programs may offer classes or group meetings just for people who recently developed psychosis and other classes or group meetings especially for the families of these young people. Typically, these programs provide someone with 2–3 years of treatment. They usually do a full evaluation of the patient every few months and keep track of how he or she is doing. If the patient needs more care afterwards, they help him or her find another program for longer-term care. In this chapter, we list some of these clinics located in various parts of the world and describe what these specialized early psychosis programs provide.
Conference papers on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Robson, Lynda, Victoria Landsman, Hyunmi Lee, Peter Smith, Benjamin C. Amick, and Cameron Mustard. "O-329 Effectiveness evaluation of a regulatory training standard to prevent falls from heights in construction." In 28th International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health (EPICOH 2021). BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2021-epi.104.
Full text
2
Braeckman, L., A. Venema, L. Hermans, S. Adigüzel Van Zoelen, M. De Ridder, G. Van der Laan, and F. Van Dijk. "1147 Development and evaluation of a training programme on scientific research and occupational health surveillance in turkey." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.264.
Full text
3
Yoshikawa, E., T. Yoshikawa, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Sano, A. Yuasa, and K. Kogi. "1310 Evaluation of facilitators training in improving the workplace environment using a participatory approach for primary prevention in mental health." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1609.
Full text
4
Bustos, D., J. C. Guedes, P. Pratas, M. P. Vaz, J. C. Torres Costa, R. J. Fernandes, and J. Santos Baptista. "Fatigue detection through physiological assessment during real-life occupational situations: Preliminary results." In 4th Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health. FEUP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/978-972-752-279-8_0049-0055.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Fatigue is a significant health and safety-related problem among workers. In general, it decreases performance and physical strength, causing incidents and accidents in operational situations. During military activities, soldiers often encounter severe conditions, which combined lead to fatigue manifestations affecting their health and performance. Continuous monitoring of their overall health status would prevent its adverse effects. Objective: This work aimed to present the preliminary results of a retrospective assessment of military training physiological recordings using an alert-based fatigue detection algorithm to validate its accurate functioning. Methods: Three case studies from soldiers participating in military training tests were recruited for evaluation. The referred algorithm was developed to manage fatigue through the combined assessment of physiological variables and determine different fatigue levels warnings to advisetimely interventions and prevent potential health impact. Each examined case included the continuous recording of heart rate, breathing rate and core temperature. The algorithm translated physiological sensory data into minute alarms according to fatigue levels determined through the conjunction of normative and related research criteria. Results and Discussion: Outcomes revealed that the algorithm could evidence the different stages of training and the resulting physical demands on soldiers using their physiological response throughout the exercises. Retrieved fatigue alarms showed the high physiological cost of military practices and helped to overview the impact of each training period. Finally, results also demonstrated the importance of individual and contextualised assessment for accurately characterise the subject's fatigue status. Conclusions: It is concluded that the developed decision model can improve the management of real-time fatigue, allowing early detection of potential indicators of further physical impairments. Furthermore, it can lead to the enhancement of work-rest cycles, not only for tactical personnel but also for any safety-sensitive occupation. For future work, its validity will be tested through more participants, and other variableswill be added to improve its accuracy.
5
Snell, Marc, Arman Dehghani, Fabian Guenkzkofer, and Stefan Kaltenbrunner. "Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA): A Customized Ergonomics Assessment Tool for Automobile Manufacturing." In 33rd Annual International Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Conference. International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47461/isoes.2021_069.
Full textAbstract:
Musculoskeletal disorders continue to be a leading source of lost workdays across all industries. Common ergonomics assessment tools may include criteria extraneous to the stresses at specific companies or industries. Therefore, the creation of assessment tools, based on scientifically validated methods, with industry- or company-specific stresses may be of benefit. The BMW Group has developed the Safety and Ergonomics Risk Assessment (SERA) tool. This ergonomics assessment method incorporates the most up-to-date scientific methods and international standards, and is used worldwide in all production facilities of the BMW Group. As noted above, a major advantage of SERA over conventional ergonomics tools is the focus on ergonomics stresses common to automobile manufacturing and the consequent exclusion of irrelevant parameters, thereby reducing the time, effort, and training required for workplace assessments. Other advantages include the international uniformity of assessments and a web- and database-implementation allowing for easily comparable international reporting. The implementation of this method at the BMW Group has enabled a greater transparency for ergonomics across all international plants, and more effective and targeted ergonomics interventions. This publication will outline the basic motivation for SERA, highlight the relevant scientific sources and international standards, and general steps of an evaluation.
6
-Pierre Zana, Jean. "Standards and Cross-Organization of Work: Two Useful Tools for A Prevention of Manual Handling of Patients in the Healthcare Sector." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100471.
Full textAbstract:
Preventive responses most often made to caregivers are too often "gestures and postures training" type to reduce these occupational hazards. Taking the party to focus on manual handling of patients (MMP), it seemed appropriate to revisit prevention measures being implemented by combining the results of international standardization and reflections on the organization of work. The approach described above has found its place in the training actions in applied ergonomics and prevention of risks related to physical activity for caregivers and their management. The objective is to convey to employees, tools for evaluation of work situations, adapted to their activity for taking into account the ergonomics for reducing the risk occurrence of MSDs. Such an approach fit into the development of working group and the cross disciplinary organizations.
7
Crawford, Elise, Frank Bogna, Aldo Raineri, and Ryan L. Kift. "Next generation technology for learning practical skills online." In ASCILITE 2020: ASCILITE’s First Virtual Conference. University of New England, Armidale, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ascilite2020.0135.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a rationale and research approach for a pilot study that examines next generation solutions for enhancing online learning of practical skills required of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) university students. The study explores instructional technology that has been designed through a constructivist lens. Open source interactive capability and immersive experiences are created using static and 360-degree panoramic photography to encourage greater engagement with the learning resources and to enhance practical skill development at distance. This design research pilot is founded on pedagogy before technology principles and follows the pedagogical model of the cognitive apprenticeship. Survey data, and learning analytics from the University Learning Management System will be interrogated to appraise the education outcomes using the Kirkpatrick Training Evaluation Framework. Expected benefits include improved engagement with learning resources, improved overall OHS skill development, and greater accessibility to workplaces without personal concerns for health and safety.
8
Advincula, Bufford. "User Experience Survey of Innovative Softwares in Evaluation of Industrial-Related Ergonomic Hazards: A Focus on 3D Motion Capture Assessment." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205850-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper aims to present user experience survey results of innovative software assessment technologies available in the market aimed in evaluating risks of industrial-related ergonomic hazards. The scope covers industrial ergonomics softwares currently available for purchase where time-limited free trial is offered, particularly those that utilize 3D Motion Capture Assessment which relies on kinematic inputs aided by non-invasive computer technology and artificial intelligence, and makes use of pre-determined weightings based on biomechanical risk factors. In light of the inclusion criterion, six industrial ergonomics softwares were considered. User field trials were conducted during January to September 2020 among 10 Occupational Health Subject Matter Experts (OH SME) coming from seven oil and gas Group Companies. Each OH SME attended a product demonstration by the shortlisted software vendor, participated in software trial at their respective workplaces, and provided feedback on the software's usability by filling out a survey questionnaire. OH SME responses were then collected for further qualitative analyses. Three of the eligible softwares relied on photo snapshot capturing work activity where subsequent analysis is done through competent professional judgment of qualitative risk. Another three were dependent on 3D Motion Capture Assessment where upper and lower limb motions of employees are digitally captured, recorded, and analyzed. Two of the softwares utilized sensors attached to different parts of employee's body, while one relied on Android/Smartphone snapshot of work activity and analyzed by the software's algorithm. Analyses of OH SME feedback revealed majority of them (n = 7) preferred using 3D Motion Capture Assessment over professional judgment of qualitative risk as an effective tool in evaluation of industrial work-related ergonomic risks. 3D Motion Capture Assessment provided accurate measurements of employee joint postures and postural angles. The tool ensured consistency in risk scoring for a particular industrial-related work activity as the calculation is standardized. The tool's algorithm is aligned with globally accepted assessment tools in evaluating ergonomic risks which enhances its validity. OH SMEs have expressed concerns on use of Android/Smartphone in Critical Infrastructure and Coastal Protection Authority facilities, training time needed in learning the software, and repetitive use of motion sensors among different employees which may lead to personal hygiene issues. 3D Motion Capture Assessment is a novel ergonomics software tool that can be used in real-time and accurate evaluation of ergonomic risks arising from industrial work-related activities. It can replace observational assessment of a work activity that may be prone to professional judgment errors. However, more validation and reliability studies need to be done in future as well as determining association between ergonomics risk scores obtained from the software and prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
9
Anokhina, Alexey, Igor Gorodetskiyb, Vladimir Lvovc, and Pavel Padernod. "Education and Professional Development of Ergonomists in Russia." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100789.
Full textAbstract:
The paper describes current state of education and professional development of specialists in human factors and ergonomics in Russia. University education in Russia is regulated by the fixed list of specialities and by the State learning standards. Currently, there are four university specialities that can serve as “umbrella” for education of ergonomists, namely: “System Analysis and Control”, “Biotechnical Systems and Technologies”, “Psychology”, “Design”. Two Russian leading universities offer bachelor and master programs on ergonomics. Postgraduate ergonomics education is available in the form of training courses and courses for preparation of candidate or doctoral dissertation. Any dissertation must be attributed to one of the predetermined scientific specialities. The most relevant speciality is “Occupational psychology, engineering psychology, ergonomics”. Nearly half of all candidates and doctors of sciences who have defended research work on ergonomics have degree in technology, one third – in psychology. Currently, Russian ergonomics society is elaborating procedure for certification of professional ergonomists following the CREE (Centre for Registration of European Ergonomists) model. As a first step to this target, the Standard for certification of the specialists designing human-machine systems has been developed. This standard establishes three evaluation criteria concerning of applicant’s educational level, professional experience, and professional development and self-education.
10
Zhou, Biyun, Xue Lihao, Xiaopeng Liu, Qing Yang, Liangsheng Ma, and Li Ding. "The physical load of the Human body during Motion with BP Neural Network." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002613.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Unreasonable tasks will increase the person’s physical load, leading to safety accidents and occupational diseases. To ensure a reasonable physical load and improve the operational efficiency of the person as far as possible, it is necessary to predict and evaluate the physical load of workers in real-time.Objective: A prediction model of the physical load intensity of the human body based on a neural network was established, and its effectiveness was verified.Methods: Twelve volunteers completed four movements walking, jogging, climbing, and jumping. The surface electromyography (sEMG) on the left and right sides of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris was measured, and the motor posture of volunteers was obtained by Vicon, the joint torque, maximum muscle activity, and muscular force parameters were calculated based on the reverse dynamic model of human motion. The sEMG eigenvalue and mechanical load parameters in different postures were considered input and output, respectively, and 80% of all data were used as the training set and the rest as the validation set.Results: In this study, we found that the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint have a sizeable joint torque during movement, in which the joint torque of the ankle joint is the largest and twice human body weight at its peak. Besides, a larger muscle load occurs at the beginning and end of contact between the human foot and the ground, and the muscle strength of the rectus femoris was significantly higher than that of the biceps femoris (p<0.05). The number of neurons in the input layer, an output layer, and a hidden layer of the model is 32, 13, and 12, respectively. This study found that the prediction error of maximum muscle activity was 6.4%. The average prediction error of joint torque was 8.7%, and the prediction error of the muscular force of the rectus femoris muscle was no more than 9.5%. This model can reasonably predict the physical load of the human body.Conclusions: A workload evaluation model based on the BP neural network was established in this research, which can analyze the biomechanics of the human body in motion and judge the human body’s physical load effectively according to the EMG signal.Application: This model can measure the body load of soldiers and firefighters in real-time during task training and provide a reference for task design.
Reports on the topic "Occupational training Australia Evaluation"
1
Thomson, Sue, Nicole Wernert, Sima Rodrigues, and Elizabeth O'Grady. TIMSS 2019 Australia. Volume I: Student performance. Australian Council for Educational Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-614-7.
Full textAbstract:
The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an international comparative study of student achievement directed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). TIMSS was first conducted in 1995 and the assessment conducted in 2019 formed the seventh cycle, providing 24 years of trends in mathematics and science achievement at Year 4 and Year 8. In Australia, TIMSS is managed by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and is jointly funded by the Australian Government and the state and territory governments. The goal of TIMSS is to provide comparative information about educational achievement across countries in order to improve teaching and learning in mathematics and science. TIMSS is based on a research model that uses the curriculum, within context, as its foundation. TIMSS is designed, broadly, to align with the mathematics and science curricula used in the participating education systems and countries, and focuses on assessment at Year 4 and Year 8. TIMSS also provides important data about students’ contexts for learning mathematics and science based on questionnaires completed by students and their parents, teachers and school principals. This report presents the results for Australia as a whole, for the Australian states and territories and for the other participants in TIMSS 2019, so that Australia’s results can be viewed in an international context, and student performance can be monitored over time. The results from TIMSS, as one of the assessments in the National Assessment Program, allow for nationally comparable reports of student outcomes against the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians. (Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs, 2008).
2
McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
Full textAbstract:
Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.