Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Occupational prestige'
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Zigalo, Barbara Ann. "The effect of occupational segregation on occupational prestige and desirability." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/424.
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Ricci, Sara <1994>. "Stereotypes, prestige and grammar: occupational job titles in Italian." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18828.
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In the Italian language, agreement in gender is canonical in all instances except one. High prestige job titles are often used in the masculine form even if the referent is female, thus (more or less unconsciously) indicating that the concept of high status is undivided from the masculine form, which is strictly connected to the male sex. In Italy, little research has been conducted on the effects of the feminisation of professions. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out. The first one aimed at comparing the masculine form used for male referents (MM), the masculine form used for female referents (MF) and the feminine form used for female referents (FF), to provide insight into whether the linguistic form influences the perceptions of prestige, of competence and of gender typicality of professions. The second experiment measured response times and proportion of affirmative responses to single lexical items of high and low prestige professions, each randomly presented both in the masculine and feminine form, to further investigate whether the perception of prestige is influenced by the morphological ending. Results of Experiment 1 documented an effect with respect to gender typicality, with a difference between MM and FF: female proper nouns introduced by job titles carrying the feminine grammatical gender diminished the general male bias. The results of the MF condition have no straightforward interpretation and should be checked with further observations. Linguistic intervention did not affect perceptions of prestige and competence. In Experiment 2, a main effect of gender and a main effect of prestige were found: feminine words were processed faster than masculine words, and high-prestige words were processed faster than low-prestige words. No interaction was found between grammatical gender and prestige ascriptions. These results were replicated analysing the proportion of affirmative responses. Overall, Experiment 2 did not provide evidence for the fact that masculine job titles augment prestige ascriptions.
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Dehkordi, Bahman Karimi Halinski Ronald S. Strand Kenneth H. "An analysis of the relationship between education and both earnings and job prestige." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1994. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9507280.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994.Title from title page screen, viewed March 15, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Ronald S. Halinski, Kenneth Strand (co-chairs), Edward Hines, Frederick Johnson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-106) and abstract. Also available in print.
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DuPrey, Paula A. "Self-evaluations and perceived evaluations of occupational prestige: a study of podiatrists." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90964.
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Occupational prestige has a long history of sociological investigation in terms of the overall rankings assigned to a wide variety of occupations. However, few studies have examined intraoccupational differences in prestige or how individuals rate the prestige of their own profession. Utilizing a national sample of podiatrists, an integrated model is proposed to determine what factors are involved in the rating of one's profession. Multiple regression models were estimated to determine the most important predictors of podiatrists' self-evaluations and prestige interpretations of their profession. Among 12 demographic, job-related, and attitudinal measures, it was found that the perceived evaluations of others explains the most variance in podiatrists' self-evaluations of their profession. Due to the nature of the integrated theoretical model proposed, separate multiple regression models were estimated for novice and established podiatrists. Contrary to the expectation, there was no difference in the predictors of novice and established podiatrists' ratings of their profession. Implications of these findings are considered along with suggestions for further research in this area of occupational sociology.M.S.
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Reenstra, Bonnie Lynn. "Occupational Paths and Prestige Levels of Sociology Concentrators: Do Gender Differences Exist?" W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625643.
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Stahura, Kurt Andrew. "Occupational employment patterns in women's intercollegiate athletics : sex of head coach as a function of sport type, institutional prestige and ranked program prestige /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2000. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.
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Conte, Herse Vanessa. "Hedging in the twentieth century court room| The impact of occupational prestige and gender." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1602760.
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The effects of time and occupational prestige measured in this study had more of an impact than gender on how often witnesses hedged on the stand. A corpus of transcripts from 1893 to 2013 was assembled to test the variables of time, gender and occupational prestige on witnesses’ production of hedge constructions (e.g., I think, sort of). Results showed no significant differences between female and male hedge production over this 120-year period, yet significant differences were found in the production of phrases between earlier and later testimonies. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between hedge production and occupational prestige. The more prestigious a witness’s occupation, the fewer hedges s/he used. These findings support previous research that suggests a similarity between female and male speech in other genres of discourse and emphasizes social and environmental factors as areas worthy of deeper investigation for the contextual assessment of function in language.
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Smith, Gillian, and gilliansmith@optusnet com au. "Misunderstood and mysterious : how design and designers are perceived by design professionals, design educators and the public." Swinburne University of Technology. National School of Design, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060213.162953.
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This study is focused on the field of design. It examines how people understand and perceive designers and the design professions. The study draws on a phenomenologically informed interactive perspective to provide a methodological approach to understanding what the perception of design is. The relationships between design and occupational prestige, professional status and consumerism are the principal themes that run throughout the research, but the analysis also draws on the data obtained to profile the demographics of designers, particularly in relation to income, gender and education.
The research included an occupational prestige assessment, completed by 304 participants from Swinburne University and the University of the Third Age, using multidimensional scaling analysis to provide a mapping of the occupations. Overall, the results indicated that participants find it difficult to differentiate between individual design occupational specialties, but that they see design as distinct from proximate occupations such as artist and architect. The results also confirmed the premise that occupational prestige is multi-dimensional and that raters will use a variety of constructs (including service to the community, not just education and income), to determine their understanding of the perceived social standing of occupations. The findings were further explored within three focus group discussions involving both design and non�design students from Swinburne University. The results indicated that most participants, including the design students, knew relatively little about design and that what they did know was often skewed by media depictions and stereotypes.
The final research stage was the development of a mail-out survey questionnaire that was distributed to design educators, members of the Design Institute of Australia and to a non-design, public group. Seven hundred and fifty three questionnaires were completed. As expected the results showed that there are differences between the level of knowledge and understanding of the three participant groups. The lack of knowledge of design and designers, particularly by the public participants, was quite evident, with the two design groups tending to rate design as more professional and of greater importance to society and the economy than the public group. Analyses of the incomes and occupational situations of the design respondents revealed that the designers generally worked in a unique environment characterised by low to middle incomes and very small organisations (except for those in the education sector). Gender differences between income and the positions held in an organisation were also found and would be a useful area for further investigation.
The study was useful in that is served to clarify and quantify issues that have been raised in the literature about the poor understanding of design and designers. It provides a platform of information that could be further used in future studies to make more detailed examinations of specific issues.
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McCabe, Heather Kirsten. "Gender Difference in Working Parents' Perceptions of Work/Family Conflict and the Role of Occupational Prestige." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2530.
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As many Americans move away from the traditional homemaker-breadwinner family model, research on gender and work/family conflict has become increasingly important and the question of gender difference in experiences of work/family conflict continues to be relevant. While there is research that shows women tend to experience significantly greater work/family conflict than men, there are also studies that have shown little or no gender difference, and some that offer evidence that men are reporting more work/family conflict. This study contributes to the debate by examining gender and occupational prestige in regard to working parents' perceptions of work-to-family and family-to-work spillover, with a quantitative analysis of national probability sampled survey data from the General Social Survey's Quality of Working Life Module from the years 2006 and 2010. The findings indicate that fathers are reporting significantly more work/family conflict than mothers, and that higher prestige work is associated with greater work/family conflict, but occupational prestige has a gendered effect with work-to-family spillover and is found to be especially salient for fathers. Overall, this study demonstrates the need for policy-makers and employers to acknowledge men's parenthood. The findings are evidence that there is a need for incentivized paternity leave initiatives in the United States, as well as more universal employee work/life programs that address the barriers to fathers utilizing family-accommodating benefits.
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Jeong, Young-Ok Kwak. "Enduring effects of education on cognitive skills, prestige of occupation, and affective behaviors of self-concept and locus of control." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53536.
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Measuring long-term effects of education has been an obvious concern for both educators and researchers. There has been a considerable body of research on effects of education on cognitive skills, prestige of occupation, self-concept, and locus of control. However, there are some limitations to previous studies, either because of short-term perspectives or because of lack of controls for earlier measures of intelligence, self-concept, or locus of control.
This study served to estimate models of the enduring effects of education on cognitive skills and its subsequent effect on prestige of occupation. In addition, the study estimated models of long-term effects of education on affective behaviors of self-concept and locus of control. Since this was a longitudinal study, it was able to examine enduring effects of education. It had the additional strength of controlling for earlier measures of intelligence, self-concept, and locus of control.
This study showed that the long-term enduring effect of education on occupational achievement was substantial. In addition, education increased cognitive skills. However, with a longer-term perspective including a prior measure of aptitude, the effect was much less than those reported in previous studies. As far as affective behaviors of self-concept and locus of control were concerned, the enduring effects of education were nearly nonexistent.Ph. D.
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Therese, Dahlgren. "Beror ditt yrkesval på dina syskon : En studie om placeringen i syskonskaran har något samband med ens yrkesprestige." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169080.
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Yrkesprestige kan bidra till att påvisa trender och tendenser på arbetsmarknaden, vilket är viktigt att undersöka för att samhället ska kunna bidra med resurser där det behövs på bästa sätt. Denna studies syfte är att undersöka om syskonplaceringen påverkar ens yrkesprestige och om det finns ett samband mellan dessa. Studien undersöker även vilken riktning det eventuella sambandet har och om antalet barn i familjen påverkar den förstföddas yrkesprestige. De teorier som ligger till grund för studien är ”nisching” som innebär att man intar olika roller i familjen beroende på vilken placering i syskonskaran man har och ”The resource dilution model” som handlar om att föräldrarnas resurser är begränsade. Den data som används i studien är kvantitativ sekundärdata från LNU 2010. Urvalet bestod av kvinnor och män, folkbokförda i Sverige och var i åldrarna 35 till 65 år. Studiens analyser genomfördes med bivariata och multivarita regressionsanalyser där kontrollvariablerna kön, ålder och respondentens, faderns och moderns högsta avslutade utbildningsnivå inkluderades. Resultatet visar inte på signifikans och studiens hypotes ”Det äldsta syskonet har oftare högre yrkesprestige än de yngre syskonen” får inte stöd av analysen men visar däremot starka positiva samband på att respondentens utbildningsnivå påverkar dennes yrkesprestige.
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Pfingst, Catherine J. "Girls' career aspirations : the impact of parents' economic and educational status on educational and career pathways." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/81785/4/Catherine_Pfingst_Thesis.pdf.
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This research investigates relationships between parental socio economic status and daughters' career aspirations; linking family background and the career choices made by teenage girls. Drawing on Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital, and figures produced by the Bradley Report's investigation, two Queensland State High Schools are the investigative platform to address the research questions. A quantitative data analysis investigated if a correlation between the indicators existed. The significance of the findings will contribute to future decision making regarding educational practices and socio economic backgrounds and to support the Bradley Report target of 20% of low SES students accessing higher education. The outcomes found that female students' aspirations are influenced by parental background in a variety of significant ways. An understanding of these assists schools in understanding how to influence girls' future aspirations.
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Ermis, Asli. "Segregation at work, segregation at home : Turkish women, gendered jobs and prestige." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75012971-763f-4ba9-ba87-be44bc85e1b2.
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This study sets out to understand the position of Turkish women in gendered jobs and jobs with different levels of prestige from the 1980s to the 2000s, and to compare this position to that of women in similar countries where possible. Although Turkish women's enrolment rates in traditionally male subjects in higher education is above the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average and despite the fact that they exceed their male counterparts in their graduation rates in most of the university subjects, this success is not reflected in the labour market. Turkish women are mostly trapped in female occupations with medium level of prestige and are particularly excluded from top-ranked jobs. This study argues that the vicious circle of society's expectations of women in the private sphere and the statistical discrimination based on the fulfilment of these expectations affect women's likelihood to be in these jobs negatively. While increasing educational level strongly improves women's position in male-dominated jobs (within 'professional, scientific and technical jobs' category in particular) and their prestige levels, evidence also shows that there is still a drastic lost potential in respect of highly qualified women's employment considering that still in 2010s, there is a remarkable proportion of highly educated women who are not in paid work. It is observed that in 2012, women expanded their attainment in relatively low-prestige jobs and increased their participation further in professional jobs in accordance with their rising higher educational attainment, yet still only 3% of working women are in managerial jobs (TurkStat, 2012). This implies that the prescribed gender roles that saddle women with the heavy burden in the private sphere, which also affect highly educated women's career trajectories, could even be more persisting than the influence of the traditional social structure on women's work that is expected to cause low qualified women to be represented at low rates in (less prestigious) jobs with non-traditional conditions. Considering that women withdraw from the labour market mostly due to marriage, and the findings show that marriage and having children have a negative impact on women's careers at large, attention should be focused on the private sphere. Looking at Turkish households, it is found that the gender segregation at work is reflected in the private sphere: women undertake the demanding traditionally female housework and while there are more potential sources of support for childcare compared to household chores, women's employment status and level of income also do not make a substantial difference in terms of the former also the unbalanced domestic division of labour unlike it is for the latter. Results demonstrate that Turkish men do not have a particularly traditional gender ideology regarding women's paid work. However, their lack of involvement in female chores creates a barrier for women's careers in a semi-direct pattern. The findings refer to the need for a faster increase in Turkish women's higher educational attainment and a stronger external support system via social policies at work and at home. It is also important to reinforce a more egalitarian gender ideology regarding men's roles as spouses and fathers as well as to promote the importance of women's different roles in private and public spheres, not only as wives and mothers but also as individuals, citizens and employers/employees.
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Smets, Patrick. "La légitimité au quotidien: l'idéologie dans le discours managérial." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211100.
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Bartholomew, Kyle R. "Does Family Instability Reduce Offspring Socioeconomic Outcomes?" The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480321313040901.
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Simons, Jason D. "The Influence of Religion on Immigrant Structural Assimilation in the Greater Los Angeles Area." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2761.
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By operationalizing Gordon's definition of structural assimilation, I examine occupational prestige, income, and educational attainment across four immigrant groups: 1.5 generation, 2nd generation, 3rd generation, and 4th generation. Additionally, I analyze the effect of religious affiliation, frequency of attendance, religious conversion, context of reception, and selective acculturation on each of the three measures of structural assimilation. Ethnic origin, gender, and age are implemented as control variables. Results provide evidence that religion does affect measures of structural assimilation. While impacts on occupational prestige and income seem minimal to non-existent, the effect of religion on educational attainment is more substantial. Religion indirectly affects occupational prestige and income outcomes due to their strong relationship to educational attainment.
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Holohan, Ronald Hines Edward R. Palmer James C. "The power and professionalism of community college faculty." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9720807.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1996.Title from title page screen, viewed May 30, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Edward R. Hines, James C. Palmer (co-chairs), Paul J. Baker, Thomas Campbell. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-190) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Magnusson, Charlotta. "Mind the gap essays on explanations of gender wage inequality /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : The Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-34058.
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Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2010.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. 3: Accepted. Härtill 3 uppsatser.
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Lengfeld, Holger, and Jessica Ordemann. "Occupation, prestige, and voluntary work in retirement." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-154141.
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The paper examines the extent to which the prestige value of a retiree’s former occupation increases the likelihood that they will make a transition into volunteering after retirement. Following social production function theory, we assume that when a person retires, the
prestige value attached to their former occupation fades. The fact that volunteering has the character of a collective good provides the opportunity to gain social prestige to offset the loss of occupational prestige. However, the extent of the incentive to volunteer will be distributed unequally across occupations: the higher the former occupational prestige value, the higher the perceived loss of prestige after retirement. Thus, doing a job with high prestige value increases the incentive to volunteer in retirement. This assumption is tested, using data taken from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) 1992-2013. The sample contains 1,631 workers and 589 retirees, 278 of whom transitioned into volunteering during the observation window. Based on Kaplan-Meier-Failure-Estimates and complementary log-log
hazard models, findings show a positive effect of occupational prestige on the transition into volunteering. Thus, the loss of high occupational prestige can be compensated by the social prestige associated with volunteering. Formal volunteering in retirement follows, albeit to a lesser extent, the logic of the occupational social strata.
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Guirao, Soro Gloria. "¿Salir a triunfar? Las migraciones de los artistas y los intermediarios del arte contemporáneo españoles en la Unión Europea (1986-2018)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673406.
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Esta tesis estudia las migraciones de los artistas y de los intermediarios del arte contemporáneo españoles en la Unión Europea desde 1986. Se interesa por los efectos de la globalización del arte en la emergencia de un espacio artístico europeo unificado y en la implantación de un nuevo modelo profesional internacionalizado en el sector español del arte contemporáneo. La movilidad internacional de los participantes en la escena artística española ha sido facilitada por el régimen de libre circulación de ciudadanos entre países miembros de la Unión Europea y por los numerosos dispositivos institucionales de promoción de la movilidad que se dirigen específicamente a los jóvenes y a los profesionales del sector cultural. La tesis defendida en este trabajo es que la migración desde España hacia un centro artístico europeo puede ser considerada una forma de gestionar la incertidumbre de la carrera en el mundo del arte contemporáneo globalizado.
Las técnicas cualitativas de recogida y análisis de datos empleadas en esta investigación han permitido dar cuenta de las motivaciones para migrar de los artistas y los intermediarios del arte contemporáneo españoles, así como de sus preferencias de destino y de sus vías de inserción en una nueva escena artística en el extranjero. La estrategia de gestión de la incertidumbre de la carrera en el mundo del arte y de la migración aparece fuertemente condicionada por las características sociales de los individuos y por sus experiencias de socialización. Éstas influyen en la definición y en la puesta en marcha del proyecto de desarrollo profesional en el extranjero, desde la elección de la ciudad de destino hasta el recurso a los dispositivos de promoción de la movilidad internacional para facilitar la salida de España y la inserción en la nueva escena artística. Al integrar la dimensión espacial en el estudio de las trayectorias de profesionalización y de acceso al reconocimiento artístico, esta tesis indaga en el papel de la migración en el proceso de internacionalización de las carreras de los artistas e intermediarios españoles en el mundo del arte contemporáneo globalizado.
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Obregon, Misael. "Wage and prestige returns for mexican american workers based on education." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2600.
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Strahm, Ann Marie. "Prestige press reporting of war and occupation : enemy combatants or a coalition of the willing? /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1331401111&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 223-241). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Schmude, Corinna. "Entwicklung von Berufspräferenzen im Schulalter." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät IV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13974.
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Ausgehend vom Rahmenmodell zur Persönlichkeitsentwicklung von Schüler/inne/n nach Pekrun/Helmke (1991), der „Eingrenzungs- und Kompromisstheorie der Berufswahl“ von Gottfredson (2005) und der Typologie des Aufbaus von Berufsidentitäten Fends (1991) wird der Berufsfindungsprozess von Schüler/inne/n der Grundschule (Kl. 5) bis in die Sekundarstufe (Kl. 9) untersucht. Analysiert werden die Berufswünsche von 600 bis 3000 Befragten und ausgewählte Variablen des längsschnittlichen Datensatzes der DFG-Projekte NOVARA, SABA und AIDA (geleitet von Prof. Dr. Renate Valtin). Es werden zwei Fragestellungen verfolgt: (1) Ist die Berufswahltheorie von Gottfredson geeignet, empirisch verifiziert die früh zu beobachtende geschlechtsspezifische Weichenstellungen in der beruflichen Orientierung fundiert zu erklären? (2) Lassen sich Zusammenhänge zwischen einer krisenhaften Bewältigung der Entwicklungsaufgabe „Berufswahl“ und der Entwicklung ausgewählter schulleistungsrelevanter Persönlichkeitsmerkmale nachweisen? Wenn ja, ab wann? Die Analysen bestätigten die Forschungsbefunde zur Geschlechtstypik der beruflichen Interessenorientierung, zum Wandel vom „Traumberuf“ zum realistischen Berufswunsch sowie zu Schwankungen der Häufigkeit geäußerter Berufswünsche in Abhängigkeit von Klassenstufe und Schulform. Des Weiteren bestätigte sich die in der Berufswahltheorie von Gottfredson beschriebene Bedeutung der Kategorie „Geschlecht“ für die Präferenz bestimmter Berufswünsche, des noch akzeptierten Prestiges der Berufswünsche und des mit der Realisierung und Ausübung des gewünschten Berufs verbundenen noch zu bewältigenden kognitiven Anspruchs. Zusammenhänge zwischen der Entwicklung schulleistungsrelevanter Persönlichkeitsmerkmale ab dem Grundschulalter und einer krisenhaften Bewältigung der Entwicklungsaufgabe „Entwicklung einer beruflichen Orientierung“ in der Sekundarstufe I konnten in Bezug auf die allgemeine Schulfreude der männlichen Befragten nachgewiesen werden.Based on Rahmenmodell zur Persönlichkeitsentwicklung von Schüler/inne/n by Pekrun and Helmke (1991), "Eingrenzungs- und Kompromisstheorie der Berufswahl" Gottfredson (2005) and Typologie des Aufbaus von Berufsidentitäten Fends (1991), the career choice process of primary school students (Class 5) to secondary school (Class 9) is examined longitudinally. The career desires of 600 to 3000 subjects are examined longitudinally, along with selected variables of the longitudinal dataset from the DFG projects NOVARA, SABA and AIDA (led by Prof. Dr. Renate Valtin). Two questions are considered: (1) is the ''Circumscription und Compromise Theory'' according to Gottfredson suitable for explaining the empirically verified gender-specific directions in career orientation, which can be observed early, on a theoretical basis? (2) Can interconnections between a critical mastering of the development task "career selection" and the development of selected school performance-related personality attributes be demonstrated? If yes, from when? Analyses confirm the gender-specification of career orientation, about the change from "dream job" to realistic career choice and about the fluctuations in frequency of stated career desires depending on school year and type of school. Moreover, the importance of the category "gender" described in the "circumscription and compromise theory" of career choice by Gottfredson is confirmed for the preference of certain career desires, of the still accepted prestige of the career desires and of the cognitive requirement yet to be mastered in conjunction with the realisation and exercise of the desired profession. Connections between the development of school performance-relevant personality attributes from primary school age and a critical mastering of the development task "development of a career orientation" in Sekundarstufe I (equivalent to Key Stage 3) could be demonstrated with regard to general happiness at school of the male subjects.
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Cooney, Lucretia. "BULLYING: OUT OF THE SCHOOL HALLS AND INTO THE WORKPLACE." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2676.
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The primary purpose of this study is to identify those people at most risk of being bullied at work. While much research is being conducted on school bullying, little has been conducted on workplace bullying. Using data gathered from a 2004 study conducted by the National Opinion Research Center for the General Social Survey, which included a Quality of Work Life (QWL) module for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), linear regressions indicated significant findings. As predicted, workers in lower level occupations, as ranked by prestige scoring developed at National Opinion Research, are more likely to be victimized. Data also suggest that being young, Black, and relatively uneducated may contribute to being bullied in certain situations. Future research is needed to examine influences of socio-economic, legal, and other demographic factors that may predict the chance of being bullied.M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA
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KUN, LUO-MING, and 羅明坤. "Regional Occupational Prestige Research:A Case Study in Miaoli." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9m996r.
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碩士國立聯合大學
資訊與社會研究所
102
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the social factorswhich influence the occupational prestige in Miaoli area. Besides in a comparative sens,this study tries to enrich the social science-based research database for a cross-ethic analysis. Thus, the results of the investigation will be compared to the national occupational prestige researches. For this purpose, this study used questionnaire survey, ,and developed an analytical frmework for the further statistic process The main findings are as follows: (1) the degree of specialization isthe most significantfactorinfluencing theoccupational prestige; (2) knowledge-based requirement is the most influential factor related tothe occupational prestige; (3)theoccupational prestige is also decided by the professional level; (4) the evaluation of the occupational prestige and itsdevelopment can be varied from different ethic groups.
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Pomeroy, Emily Anne. "Occupational Prestige of Canadian Professions in the New Economy." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4154.
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Canadian professions have, paradoxically, lost prestige at least in a relative sense, despite being the prototype for the expanding new economy. The early 1990s saw a transition from the old economy to a new economy emphasizing a highly educated and knowledge-focused workforce that values flexibility, innovation and risk. Professions exemplify the knowledge-intensive and education-centered traits emerging in the new economy particularly well.
This research examines factors that influenced changes in the prestige ratings of professions during the 40-year period between 1965 and 2005. Occupational prestige and census data collected in 2005 are used to measure the impact of changes in education, income, and the gender composition of professions on the prestige levels. Abbott’s “professional purity” thesis is also used to examine the effects of people-complex versus data-complex practices on prestige ratings. The influence of rater characteristics is also examined in terms of prestige allocation to professions. Finally, using a lawyer survey, the prestige associated with areas within the legal profession is examined in a study of internal stratification.
Professions experienced a relative gain in occupational prestige over this 40 year period; however, professions did not gain as much in comparison to all occupations. In predicting 2005 occupational prestige between 1965 and 2005, the change in income, data and people-complex tasks, gender of incumbents, and the gender of the rater all impact the prestige that professions receive. Women’s increase in numerical representation within professions increases the 2005 prestige ratings of professions. In predicting 2005 prestige, female raters attributed significantly more and male respondents attributed significantly less prestige to professions. Gender significantly predicted the level of law an individual practiced and the distribution of gender across specializations also suggests that the legal specializations where many women work are less prestigious than men’s specializations.
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洪瑞恬. "An Initial Investigation of Interpreters’ Professionalization and Occupational Prestige." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09507783735183847732.
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Liu, Ten-Ting, and 劉彥廷. "The Ways to Success? Job Search Methods and Occupational Prestige." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87016881455391523613.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
社會福利學系暨研究所
99
Most job search researchers have discussed the influences of wage and occupational prestige on informal job searches, with very few performing comprehensive analyses of actual job search methods. In addition, studies of job search methods rarely, if ever, present complete classifications; some researchers only categorize formal and informal job search methods, while others neglect to give even the briefest discussions of those categories. We have divided job search methods into six categories: introductions through strong ties, introductions through weak ties, introductions through employment agencies, job applications, self-employment, and family business. We use these categories to address three questions: (1) Does job search method affect occupational prestige? (2) Are there different effects between first job search methods and current job search methods on occupational prestige? (3) Do different job search methods produce different effects in terms of employment cohorts? We analyzed data from the Second Survey of the Third Cycle of the Taiwan Social Change Survey, separating employment cohorts according to when respondents got their first jobs and current jobs, representing different periods in Taiwan’s economic development. We used a regression analysis to determine relationships. For current job occupational prestige we used a Heckman probit model to control for bias from workers who never left their first jobs. Our results indicate differences in career reputation across employee cohorts, with the main finding being that informal job search methods do not have sustained or remarkable effects. According to the weak tie hypothesis, weak-tie search methods generate more professional prestige than strong-tie search methods. We only found a strong effect for the 1962-1971 first job employment cohort. Our data indicate that formal job search methods only had a strong effect on first jobs, with no ongoing or remarkable effect on current jobs. We believe these results support the importance of job search information. The weak tie hypothesis already underscores that importance, but we found that when informal and formal job search methods are used, the increase in information can result in more prestigious jobs.
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"Correctional Officer Job Stress: The Influence of Perceived Occupational Prestige." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.29795.
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abstract: More than 450,000 people work in public and private correctional institutions in the United States, collectively supervising over 2.2 million jail and prison inmates. The nature of correctional officers' work exposes them to numerous stressors which can have harmful effects on their health and their job performance. Several studies have examined the significance of environmental factors on work outcomes among prison staff. Less attention has been paid to external stressors such as negative images of correctional officers held by the community and correctional officers' perception of their own occupational prestige. This is an important omission considering the negative stereotypes associated with correctional officers and the tendency for media and entertainment outlets to perpetuate these stereotypes. The aim of this dissertation is to examine how perceived occupational prestige among correctional officers influences job stress. Specifically, the perceived occupational prestige associated with family and friends, the general public, and the media are assessed. To do so, the study employs multivariate analyses of data from a survey of 641 correctional officers employed in one Western prison system to examine the impact of perceived occupational prestige on an attitudinal and health measure of job stress. First, correctional officers believe that friends and family hold the most positive opinions about their profession, while the media has the most negative. Second, perceived occupational prestige among correctional officers does not appear to be a significant stressor, except for perceived occupational prestige associated with the media when predicting health job stress. Finally, when possible mediating variables are assessed for officers that had tenure longer than nine years perceived occupational prestige associated with the media has a significant effect on attitudinal and health job stress. In addition, for officers who identified themselves as non-White perceived occupational prestige associated with family and friends is a significant predictor of attitudinal job stress and perceived occupational prestige associated with the general public is a significant predictor of health job stress. This study concludes with a summary of these findings as well as its key limitations, and offers insight into potential policy implications and avenues of future research.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Criminology and Criminal Justice 2015
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Czeranowska, Olga. "Prestiż zawodowy w perspektywie indywidualnej." Doctoral thesis, 2018. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2615.
Full textAbstract:
Prestiż zawodowy jest jednym z najszerzej eksplorowanych tematów w historii socjologii. Pierwsze badanie w tym zakresie przeprowadził w 1925 roku George Counts (USA), w Polsce natomiast temat ten został po raz pierwszy podjęty przez Rajmunda Buławskiego w roku 1932. Można zauważyć, że w dotychczasowych badaniach (zarówno polskich, jak i zagranicznych) wykorzystywano bardzo zbliżoną, ilościową metodologię, opartą na skalach ocen. Taki sposób zbierania danych pozwala na opracowanie hierarchii prestiżu zawodów w danym społeczeństwie (perspektywa makrostrukturalna). Ważnym metodologicznym problemem jest jednak trudność zdefiniowania pojęcia prestiżu oraz określenia, w jaki sposób było ono rozumiane przez respondentów. Istotną kwestią jest również „niewidzialność” płci kulturowej w badaniach dotyczących prestiżu zawodów (szczególnie w przypadku języków, gdzie nazwy zawodów występują w tylko jednej formie gramatycznej).
W związku z tym, głównym celem niniejszej rozprawy było uzupełnienie refleksji socjologicznej nad prestiżem zawodów o perspektywę indywidualną. Plan badawczy został oparty na triangulacji metod i źródeł danych: zastosowano model mieszany w wariancie eksplanacyjno-sekwencyjnym. Pierwszy etap badań miał charakter ilościowy – przeprowadzono analizę danych zastanych, ilościową analizę przekazów prasowych oraz ankietę PAPI na próbie celowej studentów Szkoły Głównej Służby Pożarniczej (w ostatnich badaniach CBOS na reprezentatywnej próbie krajowej to właśnie strażacy zostali uznani za grupę zawodową cieszącą się najwyższym prestiżem). Drugi, jakościowy etap badania stanowiły indywidualne, pół-ustrukturyzowane wywiady jakościowe z przedstawicielami pięciu wysokoprestiżowych grup zawodowych wybranych na podstawie wyników pierwszego etapu (strażaków, profesorów wyższych uczelni, opiekunów osób starszych, przedstawicieli świata mediów i kultury popularnej oraz lekarzy). Całość procesu badawczego uwzględniała perspektywę płci kulturowej.
Pierwsze trzy rozdziały pracy stanowią wprowadzenie teoretyczne. Znajduje się więc w nich przegląd teorii prestiżu oraz omówienie pojęć takich jak zawód, etyka zawodowa oraz profesja. Scharakteryzowany został w nich również polski rynek pracy w XXI wieku. W rozdziale czwartym znajduje się przegląd dotychczasowych badań polskich oraz wybranych badań z innych krajów.
Część empiryczna pracy zaczyna się od wprowadzenia dotyczącego problemu i pytań badawczych oraz logiki procesu badawczego. Następne trzy rozdziały zawierają szczegółowe opisy metodologii oraz wyników ilościowej analizy przekazów prasowych, ankiety oraz wywiadów. Ostatni rozdział obejmuje syntezę uzyskanych wyników oraz zarys indywidualnej teorii prestiżu.
Definicja prestiżu zawodowego opracowana na podstawie badania oparta jest na trzech binarnych opozycjach: prestiż zewnętrzny/wewnętrzny, prestiż zawodu/osoby, prestiż funkcjonalny/niefunkcjonalny. Największą wagę ma ostatnia z nich, odróżniająca prestiż wynikający z funkcjonalnego znaczenia pracy dla społeczeństwa od prestiżu o innych podstawach. Głównym wnioskiem związanym z płcią kulturową jest to, że jej związek z prestiżem jest zapośredniczony przez różnice w sytuacji kobiet i mężczyzn na rynku pracy. Płciowy podział pracy (zarówno w skali rynku pracy, jak i grup zawodowych) oraz stereotypy zmniejszają szanse kobiet na osiąganie najbardziej prestiżowych pozycji.Occupational prestige is one of the most explored sociological research problems. History of the research dates back to 1925 (George Counts’ study), in Poland the first study in this topic was undertaken by Rajmund Buławski in 1932. Analysis of previous research (both Polish and form other countires) shows significant similarity in used methodologies, which were mainly quantitative, based on the scale. This kind of research gives results regarding hierarchy of occupational prestige in the society (macrostructural perspective). However, it is important to notice a significant methodological problem with the definition of occupational prestige and therefore, its understanding by respondents. Another issue is ‘invisibility’ of gender in studies on occupational prestige (especially in languages where there is only one grammatical form of occupations names). Therefore, the main aim of this thesis was to contribute to sociological reflection with research on the individual experience of occupational prestige. Research plan was based on the triangulation of methods and sources. Mixed-mode explanatory-sequential research design was used. Its first stage had a quantitative character and consisted of desk research, quantitative analysis of press discourse and PAPI questionnaire on the purposive group of students of Main School of Fire Service (as results of the last nationally representative study of CBOS show that firefighters are the most prestigious occupational group). Second, qualitative stage of the research consisted of individual, semi-structured interviews with members of five high-prestige occupational groups chosen according to results of first stage (firefighters, high education professors, popular culture artists, elderly care assistants, and medical doctors). Gender perspective was taken into consideration throughout all research process. First three chapters of the thesis provide a theoretical background. This part encompasses review of sociological theories of prestige and other concepts connected with it, e.g.. occupation, occupational ethics and professions. It covers also characteristics of the Polish labour market in XXI century. Fourth chapter presents previous Polish research on occupational prestige and chosen studies form another countries. Empirical part of the thesis begins with introduction covering research problem, questions and design of the research process. Next three chapters present detailed methodologies and results of quantitative analysis of press discourse, PAPI questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Last chapter encompasses synthesis of results and outline of individual theory of occupational prestige. Definition of occupational prestige elaborated with research results is based on three oppositions: internal/external, collective/individual and functional/non-functional. Third of them is crucial – it differentiatse prestige that can be connected with functional meaning of work for the society from prestige of other basis. Gender influence on the level of prestige is mediated by differences in general situations on the labour market. Gender division of work (both of general character and inside occupational groups) and stereotypes hampers women’s chances of obtaining most prestigious positions.
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Branch, Allison C. M. "The Relationship between Occupational Prestige and Psychosocial Development: a Longitudinal Study." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/388.
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This study examined whether level of occupational prestige in early adulthood and rate of change in occupational prestige had an effect on psychosocial development in middle adulthood and whether gender had an effect on occupational prestige and psychosocial development. Utilizing a subsample from the Rochester Adult Longitudinal Study (RALS), 180 participants were assessed longitudinally, approximately every eleven years after their original assessment in 1966 as college students. Results showed that over time individuals improve in their sense of work competency and individuals differ in their rate of change in occupational prestige over time. However, contrary to the hypotheses, findings indicated that there were no significant relationships between occupational prestige in early adulthood and psychosocial development in middle adulthood. The results also revealed a significant gender difference with respect to occupational prestige with males on average having higher occupational prestige compared to females. In all, it was shown that how productive and confident people perceive themselves to be in the workforce differs. However, there is no direct relationship between occupational prestige how self-perception of work competency. Findings highlight the importance of Eriksonian theory in that individuals continue to develop psychosocially over time.
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Chih-shien, Liu, and 劉志賢. "A SURVEY STUDY OF THE OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE OF TEACHERS AND THE CAUSE FACTORS." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qx7876.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
教育學系在職進修碩士班
97
Abstract The research was aimed at continuing that of Qing-Jiang Lin to realize the occupational prestige of teachers and the cause factors, and to explore differences of views of the occupational prestige of teachers and the cause factors of personal variables of backgrounds of teachers and parents of junior high schools. By observing the development of occupational prestige of teachers, the comparison and analysis of the results of this and Lin’s studies were made. Based on the goal of this research, the method of questionnaire survey was adopted . The researcher designed “Questionnaire Survey of The occupational prestige of teachers and the cause factors”, mainly referring to “Questionnaire Survey of the occupational prestige of teachers and the occupational status, 1991” designed by Qing-Jiang Lin, and made modification in accordance with social development. The population included teachers and parents of public junior high schools in Taipei city and county. There were 251 teachers and 620 parents of 31 public junior high schools chosen to carry out the survey by stratified random sampling. The results were acquired through “Frequency Distribution and Percentage Analysis”, “Means and Standard Deviation Analysis”, “Spearman’s Coefficient of Rank Correlation Test”, ” Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance Test” to analyze the information obtained by the survey. The major findings of this study were summarized as follows: 1. Teachers in Taipei area still possess lofty prestige. 2. The results of assessment to occupational prestige of teachers in different living places were high rank consistent. 3. The results of assessment to occupational prestige of teachers by different background people were consistent in the first and second rank. 4. “If occupational quality is accordant with professional criterion.” was the most influencing factor of assessing occupational prestige of average professions, which was an important finding different with previous studies. 5. The results of assessment to occupational prestige by average professions from different background were consistent. 6. “Working significance and value” was the most influencing factor of assessing occupational prestige of teachers, which, improves the fact that educational career was sacred. 7. The assessment to occupational prestige of teachers from different background were consistent in attitudes. 8. Compared with results of Qing-Jiang Lin’s study, it was found that occupational prestige of educators was always high, improving that the belief of “To honor one’s teachers, to adhere to ethic rules” has been deeply rooted in people’s minds. Based on the findings above, this study proposed suggestions to provide administrative office of education and educators important reference for educational policy drawn up, implementing or sequential educational research.
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WANG, SHIN-YI, and 王馨儀. "The personal competency and Intent to Stay: The moderating effects of Occupational Prestige." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8u72q8.
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碩士國防大學政治作戰學院
心理碩士班
106
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the personal function is related to the intent to stay, and to further understand the current social atmosphere on the attitude of professional soldiers and the level of occupational prestige of professional soldiers, how to adjust the relationship between personal competency and intention to stay, with objective data, for future reference to the policy of retaining the military, it can also serve as an important reference for adjusting recruitment methods. It also reduces the current shortage of talent by adjusting recruitment methods. In this study, occupational prestige is used as a regulatory variable to explore the relationship between personal competency and intention to stay. 265 (221 males and 44 females) active military professionals who met the qualifications for disqualification were asked to conduct a questionnaire survey. Using the “personal competency”, “Occupational Prestige” and “Intent to Stay” three scales as tools, interaction was adopted. After the regression analysis and statistical methods were processed, the study found that: 1. There was a significant positive correlation between personal competency and Intent to Stay (r (265) = .395, p < .001). 2. There is a significant positive correlation between Occupational Prestige and Intent to Stay (r (265) = .563, p < .001). 3. The interaction between personal competency and occupational prestige has a significant effect on the return of “Intent to Stay” (F(2,262) = 80.694, p < .001), with an explanatory power of 38.1%. Finally, based on the results of the study, it provides a reference for the recruitment and retention of the national army, and also proposes suggestions for follow-up research.
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Ting, Tai-Chih, and 丁泰之. "The Research on Occupational Prestige and Professional Development of Elementary and Junior High School Teachers." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94834661616716762443.
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碩士大葉大學
教育專業發展研究所
98
The research tries to achieve the purposes below: to understand the relationship between the occupational prestige and the professional development of present Taiwan school teachers; to investigate current positions of forty careers, the factors that affect the attitude of respondents toward the occupational prestige, and the status quo of teachers’ occupational prestige indexes; to explore the differences within different background variables of respondents in teachers’ occupational prestige and professional development; to find out the relationship between teachers’ occupational prestige and professional development; to analyze the prediction of educational training, teaching belief, social contribution and work ethic for teachers’ professional development. In this study, 380 elementary and junior high school teachers and parents were surveyed by given Personal Information Questionnaire, Forty Careers Ranking Questionnaire, Teachers’ Occupational Prestige Questionnaire, Teachers’ Professional Development Questionnaire, The Questionnaire of Occupational Prestige cause factors, Teachers’ Occupational Prestige Indexes Questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis were Descriptive Statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression. The main findings of the research were as follows: 1. Among the factors that affect the attitude of respondents toward the occupational prestige, professional level is the main factor. 2. Among forty careers, the occupational status of elementary and junior high school teachers is quite high. 3. Respondents with different background variables have different attitude toward teachers’ occupational prestige and professional development. 4. Among teachers’ occupational prestige indexes, teachers’ status is an important index. 5. Teachers’ occupational prestige and professional development are positively related. 6. Teachers’ occupational prestige can effectively predict professional development. According to the analysis of the reference and the conclusions of the research, recommendations on teachers, educational administrative authorities, and further researchers are submitted.
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KUNG, SHU-KUEI, and 龔書逵. "Impacts of Occupational Prestige and Role Stress upon Professional Commitment: Cases of Army Counseling Staffs." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62647292394640821710.
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碩士國防大學政治作戰學院
社會工作碩士班
103
This study examines how army counseling staffs’ occupational prestige and role stress affect their professional commitments. Totally 264 questionnaires were collected between February 1 and March 14, 2015 with 252 valid copies in the end. Our findings shows that: First, some of demographic variables show significant differences on the role stress and the professional commitment. Second, the occupational prestige is negatively correlative with role stress; professional commitment are both positively correlative with occupational prestige and role stress. Third, “role ambiguity” and “professional level” can effectively predict “professional commitments”. Fourth, “role stress” and “occupational prestige” can effectively predict “professional commitments”. Several suggestions are proposed according to the findings above: (a) army counseling staffs required independent promotion system; (b) the job openings required by professional training can only be recruited by the staffs with professional background; (c) the staffs with professional licenses should be rewarded by salary bonus; (d) their job description and boundary should be more specific; (e) hiring more civil professional counseling staffs for inside training. Keywords: military social work, counseling staff, occupational prestige, role stress, Professional Commitment
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Zemanová, Nina. "Prestiž povolání v letech 1995-2013." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340453.
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This thesis "Occupational prestige from 1995 to 2013" analyses changes in evaluation of occupational prestige within the era of post-socialistic transformation (1990s) and period of knowledge economy (after 2000). It focuses on latent structures behind prestige evaluation and if these latent structures are influenced by evaluator's social position. A secondary analysis of data from public opinion surveys (IVVM/CVVM) from 1995 to 2013 was carried out. Structure of occupational prestige scale had consolidated from the late 1990s into these groupings: public servants, manual occupations, professional positions important for the society, other non- manual professions and security forces. Further, the author aims to verify the validity of Like-Me hypothesis (people judge occupations that are, according to their class position, similar, as more prestigious than others) and the shared prestige hypothesis (class position doesn't differentiate the evaluations, the notion is rather widely shared). Other factors that have influence on the occupational prestige are analysed, specifically some sociodemographic factors (gender, education, residence size), subjective living standards of households and primarily the historical period (the socialization cohorts) when the person entered the labour market. It was...
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"Cross-cultural marketing negotiation: the effects of friendship and job status." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887756.
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by Chi-fai Chan.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 279-302).
ABSTRACT --- p.i
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.x
CHAPTER
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
MNC and China Business Negotiation --- p.1
Global Business --- p.1
The China Market --- p.3
MNC and China Business --- p.7
Cross-Cultural Marketing Negotiation --- p.14
Negotiators in China Business Deals --- p.15
Business Negotiation --- p.23
Definition of Negotiation --- p.23
Negotiation in the Business Context --- p.25
International Marketing Negotiation --- p.33
Cultural Differences --- p.41
Managerial Concerns --- p.41
Social Psychological Perspective --- p.49
The Chinese Context --- p.65
Chapter II. --- REVIEW OF LITERATURE --- p.74
China Business Deals and Negotiation --- p.74
China Business Deals Studies --- p.74
China Business Negotiation --- p.83
Descriptive Studies --- p.84
Case Studies --- p.105
Survey Findings --- p.112
Boundary Position --- p.122
Inter-group Relationship --- p.129
Intra-group Relationship --- p.138
Boundary Role Interaction --- p.147
Power Distance and Collectivism . --- p.151
Hofstede's Chinese Work Values --- p.153
Cross-Cultural Management --- p.161
Behavioral Evidences --- p.166
Managerial Issues --- p.171
Impacts on Chinese Business Negotiation --- p.179
Independent and Dependent Variables --- p.183
Independent Variables --- p.183
Dependent Variables --- p.186
Management Styles --- p.186
Business Performance --- p.188
Research Hypotheses . --- p.192
Chapter III. --- METHODS . --- p.205
Pretests --- p.205
Subjects . --- p.206
Experimental Design --- p.208
Procedure . --- p.213
Manipulations . --- p.214
Friendship --- p.214
Job Status --- p.215
Nationality --- p.215
Operationalization of Dependent Variables --- p.217
Analysis . --- p.221
Scale Development and Pretests --- p.221
Difference of Sub-Samples and Experimental Groups --- p.221
Dimensionality and Discrimination --- p.223
Multiple Group Analysis --- p.223
Analysis of Variance Test --- p.225
Chapter IV. --- RESULTS --- p.227
Difference of Sub-samples and Experimental Groups --- p.227
Manipulation Checks --- p.230
Dimensionality and Discrimination --- p.232
Results of Experimentation --- p.241
Friendship --- p.241
Job Status --- p.243
Nationality --- p.243
Nationality-Friendship Interaction --- p.244
Nationality-Job Status Interaction --- p.246
Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.248
Evidence for the Hypotheses --- p.248
Discussion of Findings --- p.253
Implications --- p.259
Cultural Differences --- p.259
Unique Chinese Cultural Values --- p.260
Implications to MNCs --- p.264
Value of the Study --- p.272
Limitations and Future Research --- p.276
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.279
APPENDICES --- p.303
Chapter Appendix I. --- Description of Cases --- p.303
Chapter Appendix II. --- Questionnaire --- p.320
Chapter Appendix III. --- Comparison of U.S. and British Subjects --- p.331
Chapter Appendix IV. --- ANOVA Tables --- p.333
Chapter Exhibit 1 --- "Means, (Standard Deviations), and Analysis of Win-Win Attitude" --- p.334
Chapter Exhibit 2 --- Marginal Means for the Interaction of Nationality and Friendship on Win-Win Attitude --- p.335
Chapter Exhibit 3 --- "Means, (Standard Deviations), and Analysis of Positive Attitude" --- p.336
Chapter Exhibit 4 --- "Means, (Standard Deviations), and Analysis of Perceived Efficiency" --- p.337
Chapter Exhibit 5 --- "Means, (Standard Deviations), and Analysis of Perceived Satisfaction" --- p.338
Chapter Exhibit 6 --- "Means, (Standard Deviations), and Analysis of Conformity" --- p.339
Chapter Exhibit 7 --- Marginal Means for the Interaction of Nationality and Friendship on Conformity --- p.340
Chapter Exhibit 8 --- Mean Conformity: Nationality by Friendship Condition --- p.341
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Charette, Yanick. "La perception du prestige des occupations illicites par des délinquants : une perspective sur les capitaux criminels." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4551.
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Le prestige occupationnel est une mesure utilisée en sociologie des professions pour déterminer le statut social d’un emploi sous la forme d’un continuum hiérarchisé. Cette mesure peut être définie selon : le revenu, l’autorité, l’autonomie et les compétences. En ce basant sur des entrevues auprès de délinquants incarcérés (n=138), cette étude évalue si la notion de prestige s’applique aux occupations illicites. Les résultats suggèrent que les domaines d’activité des occupations illicites ne présentent pas d’homogénéité en termes de prestige. Certaines caractéristiques définissant le prestige des occupations licites, comme le revenu et la compétence, contribuent à définir le prestige des occupations illicites, par contre, l’autonomie et l’autorité n’y contribuent pas. Le milieu criminel présente des caractéristiques particulières comme la difficulté d’atteindre une continuité dans son occupation. Cette continuité explique le prestige des occupations illicites, mais non celui des occupations licites. D’autres indicateurs, comme le réseau criminel et la présence d’un mentor, influençant pourtant les revenus, n’ont pas d’impact sur le prestige des occupations illicite. Des modèles d’équations structurelles ont été utilisés pour vérifier les relations indirectes et les conversions entre les types de capitaux selon la théorie de l’espace social de Pierre Bourdieu. Ces analyses suggèrent l’essentialité de la notion de compétence et de continuité. La discussion et la conclusion élabore sur les notions de continuité, d’accumulation et de conversion de capital.Occupational prestige is a measure used in the sociology of profession as a determinant of social status. It is conceptualized on continuum, and organized in a hierarchy defined by income, authority, autonomy and qualifications. Using interviews with incarcerated offenders (n=138), this study assesses if this concept of prestige can be used in the context of unlawful occupations. The results suggest that criminal occupation domains are not homogeneous with regards to prestige. Some indicators which contribute to the explanation of lawful occupations’ prestige, such as income and qualifications, contribute to unlawful occupational prestige as well, contrarily to autonomy and authority. The criminal world possesses some particular features such as the difficulty to attain continuity. This continuity explains unlawful occupational prestige, but not the lawful one. Other indicators, like the criminal network and the presence of a mentor influence criminal incomes, but have no direct impact on unlawful occupational prestige. Structural equation modeling was used to observe indirect relationships and conversion rates between the different forms of capitals according to the Pierre Bourdieu’s social space theory. These analyses suggest the essentiality of the qualification and the continuity. The discussion and conclusion develop on the concepts of continuity, capital accumulation and conversion.
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"中囯改革过程中的城市社会分层秩序." 1997. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896290.
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蔡囯萱.論文(哲學碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院社會學學部, 1997.
參考文獻: leaves 77-79.
中英文摘要.
Cai Guoxuan.
序言 --- p.2
Chapter 第一章 --- 改革与国家行政权力分散化 ´ؤ´ؤ现阶段分层秩序变化的社会经济背景 --- p.10
Chapter 第一节 --- 制度的变迁 --- p.11
Chapter 第二节 --- 社会的分化 --- p.17
Chapter 第三节 --- 国家主导市场的社会 --- p.22
Chapter 第二章 --- 理论的回顾与研究的主题
Chapter 第一节 --- 权力：社会主义社会分层的核心 --- p.29
Chapter 第二节 --- 社会主义改革：权力支配类型分解 --- p.31
Chapter 第三节 --- 过渡时期的分层秩序 --- p.37
Chapter 第三章 --- 职业框架内的地位评价
Chapter 第一节 --- 职业参数的选择 --- p.43
Chapter 第二节 --- 职业的地位等级 --- p.47
Chapter 第四章 --- 行业框架内的地位评价
Chapter 第一节 --- 行业参数的选择 --- p.61
Chapter 第二节 --- 行业的地位等级 --- p.64
Chapter 第五章 --- 结束语 --- p.74
Chapter 附： --- 参考文献
问卷
鸣谢
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Wan-Ju, Lin, and 林婉茹. "The Effects of Perceived Self-Efficacy, Parents’ Expectation, Occupational Prestige and Career Identity on Employment Intention of the College Students - A Case of Da-Yeh University." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nw42pd.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
休閒事業管理學系碩士班
104
The study seeks to explore the effect of perceived self-efficacy, parents’ expectation, occupational prestige and career identity on employment intention of the college students. The study adopted questionnaire survey. A total of 913 valid questionnaire (81.5%) were obtained, and then it was followed by a descriptive analysis to answer our research questions. The results obtained the perceived self-efficacy, parents’ expectation, occupational prestige, career identity and employment intention are to be affected by college students are above-medium. Practical experience, part-time job experience, professional credentials all had some effects on the employment intention. There was a positive linear relationship between college students perceived self-efficacy, parents’ expectation, occupational prestige, career identity and employment intention. Self-efficacy, parents’ expectation, occupational prestige, career identity have positive significant forecasts, and employment intention predictors with the most influential career identity. Through the study of the paper, except the results can be used as further reference for the provide administrative office of education, college students and further researchers that who want to touch this filed.
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Lin, Cheng-Chien, and 林晟鑑. "A Study on the Occupational Prestige of Teachers and the Reform of Teacher Education System－A survey of teachers in four junior high schools in Taipei area." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85897710795568271383.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
教育政策與領導研究所碩士在職專班
96
By adopting the method of questionnaire survey of teachers in four junior high schools in Taipei area, the purposes of this study are: 1. to understand the occupational prestige of teachers in Taiwan society. 2. to explore the factors influencing the attitudes of teachers with different backgrounds towards the occupational prestige of teachers. 3. to compare the findings of this survey with that of previous two surveys conducted by C. C. Lin, in 1979 and 1991, respectively. 4. to explore the similarities and differences in the attitudes towards the reform of teacher training between the qualified teachers and probationary teachers. 5. to give suggestions, based on the findings of this research, concerning the future reforms of teacher training system in Taiwan The major findings of this study are: 1.The occupational prestige of teachers in schools is, the same as the findings of the previous two studies, still ranked considerably higher, in comparison with other occupations. 2.The teachers of the universities ranked the highest, followed by the presidents of schools, and the teachers in schools accordingly. 3. ‘The degree of authority of the occupations’ and ‘the degree of fitness to the standards of professions’ are the most important factors influencing the attitudes of teachers towards occupational prestige. On the whole, this thesis is divided into five chapters. Starting with an introduction in the first chapter, the second chapter mainly reviews the related literature. After explaining the research design and process in the third chapter, the fourth chapter summarizes and analyzes the major findings of this study. Major conclusions are summarized and related suggestions are proposed in the final chapter.
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Hong, Jhy-Shing, and 洪志欣. "The Content Analysis of Carrer Education in the Social Science Textbooksof Elementary School and Investigation of Occupational Prestige Ranking, Vocational Interest, Vocational Rejection, Vocational Stereotype of Elementary School Students." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08754346119032923479.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立台南師範學院
初等教育學系
83
The study was divided into two parts. First, this study was designed to analyze the content of career education in two editions of elementary social science textbooks in Taiwan.Second, 454 students from southem area of Taiwan was investigated to understand the occupational prestige ranking, vocational interest, vocational rejection, vocational stereotype of elementary school students. The main reult showed that: 1.In Taiwan, infuing career education into the elementary social science texbooks was similar to U.S.A. 2.There existed vocational and sexual stereotype in the elementary social science textbook in Taiwan. 3.For the scription of career education subsubjects and career roles, vocational models, orientation and strategy of presentation, there were significant difference between 1977 edition and 1989 edition of the elementary social science textbookd in Taiwan. 4. The vocational prestige ranking was stable for the elementary students in Taiwan, and it was not influenced by the Variables of sex, residence area, grade, 5.For the elementary school students in Taiwan, there was positives relationship between high prestige ranking vocation and the high interesting vocation. 6.For the elementary school students in Taiwan, there was positives relationship between low prestige ranking vocation and the high rejected vocation. 7.The vocational models presented in texbooks deeply influenced the vocational interest and rejection of elementary school students. The author of this study proposed several suggestions for the career education of elementary schools in Taiwan.
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ZEMKOVÁ, Vladimíra. "Geneze společensko - profesního statusu zdravotní sestry." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-45649.
Full textAbstract:
The main diploma thesis purpose is mapping of current nurse social and professional status from nurse point of view in scope of their subjective sensation of occupation prestige. Mainly we are speaking about monitoring of their work contents changes as well as their bossiness position changes and also community position changes.
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Matyášová, Eva. "Socioekonomický status a jeho působení na strukturu a úroveň osobní pohody (well-being)." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341223.
Full textAbstract:
The presented diploma thesis summarizes development of well-being and socioeconomic status conceptions by analyzing accesible vocational literature. The theoretical part is mainly focused on well-being and socioeconomic status (SES) in context and on searching for satisfactory explanation of relationship of those two variables. The attention in empirical part is devoted to examination the dependancy relationship between well-being and SES. We use Satisfaction with life scale (Diener et al., 1985) and The Ryff's scales of psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) for measuring well-being. Socioeconomic status is deduced from income, education and occupational prestige. The existence of the dependancy relationship between income and well-being measured by RPWB was proven in our research sample (includes 213 respondents). The statistically significant differences between well-being (SWLS) were measured within group of people with elementary and high school education; and further within group of people with the lowest and highest income. However the relationship is sophistically structured and variety of dependent conditions is used rather than simple positive correlation. Key words: well-being, socioeconomic status, life satisfaction, happiness, income, education, occupational prestige
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Manago, Bianca. "An Expectation States Approach to Examining Medical Team Information Exchange." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151209.
Full textAbstract:
This project is the first step in a long line of research that will examine the impact of status on information exchange in small groups of medical professionals. Specifically, we employ the expectation states theory and observable power and prestige methodology to develop a coding scheme and live coding methodology that is attuned to the unique status organizing process in interprofessional medical teams.
This paper begins with an explanation of the shortcomings in current research that examines medical teams. We then discuss the conceptual development of the coding scheme and methodology. Next, we establish reliability between live coders and between the transcript coders. We conclude by employing our coding scheme to examine how occupational status (physician vs. nurse) operates in medical teams, and find that our scheme possesses both criterion and face validity. Future steps include increasing our sample size to have more statistical power in detecting status differences and dropping some items from the coding scheme to increase reliability.
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Smolíková, Anna. "Prestiž učitelství pro mateřské školy." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356463.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is devoted to the teaching profession with a focus on nursery school teaching. The theoretical part contains information about teaching as a profession, focusing directly on the prestige of nursery school teachers and describes the contemporary aspects of prestige. Finally, it is described in detail the development of the profession preschool teacher, as a source of ongoing professionalisation of teaching. The main objective of the research is to compare how the prestige of pre-primary teachers evaluated by teachers from other educational levels and preschool educators themselves. Furthermore, to determine how different the results of the investigation work of the author and poll by the Centre for Public Opinion Research (Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění - CVVM) at the Institute of Sociology of the prestige of the profession of 2013 and 2016. Design survey is mixed. The method is a questionnaire, structured interviews and document analysis. The results show the relative agreement with research by CVVM. Respondents rated significantly differently just 4 professions and teaching professions rated slightly higher than in the original survey. Comparison of the teaching profession, as evaluated by teachers, showed that each group of teachers (according to school grades) evaluated their...