Relevant bibliographies by topics / Occupational measures

Academic literature on the topic 'Occupational measures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Occupational measures"

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de Perio, Marie A., Kaitlin Benedict, Samantha L. Williams, Christine Niemeier-Walsh, Brett J. Green, Christopher Coffey, Michelangelo Di Giuseppe, et al. "Occupational Histoplasmosis: Epidemiology and Prevention Measures." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070510.

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In areas where Histoplasma is endemic in the environment, occupations involving activities exposing workers to soil that contains bird or bat droppings may pose a risk for histoplasmosis. Occupational exposures are frequently implicated in histoplasmosis outbreaks. In this paper, we review the literature on occupationally acquired histoplasmosis. We describe the epidemiology, occupational risk factors, and prevention measures according to the hierarchy of controls.
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Christoph, Bernhard, Britta Matthes, and Christian Ebner. "Occupation-Based Measures—An Overview and Discussion." KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 72, S1 (June 24, 2020): 41–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11577-020-00673-4.

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Abstract Occupational information is among the most versatile categories of information about a person available in quantitative data. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of occupation-based measures in different topic areas. These include not only measures for analyzing social stratification, such as prestige scales, socioeconomic indices and class schemes but also measures of workplace tasks, occupation-specific health risks, gender segregation, and occupational closure. Moreover, as the quality of such data depends on the quality of the underlying occupational information, we also provide an overview of how to collect occupational information in surveys, how to code this information, and how occupational classifications are commonly used. By doing so, we hope to increase researchers’ awareness of the potential of occupation-based analyses, as well as their knowledge of how to properly handle such measures in empirical analyses.
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Mazumder, Bhashkar, and Miguel Acosta. "Using Occupation to Measure Intergenerational Mobility." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 657, no. 1 (December 10, 2014): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214552056.

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Scholarly investigations of intergenerational mobility typically focus on either the occupations of fathers and sons or their incomes. Using an identical sample of fathers and sons, we examine how estimates of intergenerational mobility in income and occupational prestige are affected by (1) measurement that uses long time averages and (2) varying the point in the life cycle when outcomes are measured. We find that intergenerational occupational mobility is overstated when using a single year of fathers’ occupation compared to a 10-year average centered on mid-career. We also find that for both income and occupation, mobility estimates are largest when sons are in their mid-career, suggesting that this may be the ideal period in which to measure their status. Finally, we see differences in the pattern of estimates across the two types of measures: for income, estimates of intergenerational persistence are highest when fathers are in their mid-career; for occupation, estimates are much larger when fathers’ occupations are accounted for late in their careers.
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Laditka, Sarah, James Laditka, and Ahmed Arif. "Linking Work-Life Occupational Exposures With Distress and Mortality Before and After Retirement." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1425.

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Abstract Mental health problems have surpassed musculoskeletal injuries as causes of work disability. Workers in certain occupations may have high risks for mental health problems and premature death even after retirement. People in high risk occupations for many years may be particularly vulnerable, along with groups with higher health risks such as rural residents. Little research examines their occupation-related risks. No research has examined how occupational exposures affect mental health in retirement. We studied these life course risks using the nationally representative Panel Study of Income Dynamics, following participants 36 years beginning 1981, with annual measures of occupation and distress (n=16,994; 129,880 occupation measures; 415 deaths). We estimated hazards of developing distress in occupations hypothesized to have high and low distress risks, adjusted for factors associated with occupational choice and mental health including age, education, income, race/ethnicity, sex, childhood and midlife health, and family trauma. Compared to low risk occupations, working in high risk occupations was associated with 20% elevated odds of distress (adjusted odds ratio, OR 1.20, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.13 1.28) and 55% elevated risk of death (hazard ratio 1.55, CI 1.11-2.16). Each additional year in a high risk occupation increased the odds by 5%. Rural residents had the highest occupation-related distress risk (adjusted OR 3.05, CI 2.39-3.97). At ages 70+ each additional past exposure year was associated with 2% higher distress risk (p<0.05), and 4.6% higher mortality (p<0.05). Workers in certain occupations have high risks of psychological distress and death, even after retirement.
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Freeman, Richard B., Ina Ganguli, and Michael J. Handel. "Within-Occupation Changes Dominate Changes in What Workers Do: A Shift-Share Decomposition, 2005–2015." AEA Papers and Proceedings 110 (May 1, 2020): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20201005.

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This paper measures aggregate changes in job characteristics in the United States from 2005 to 2015 and decomposes those changes into components representing shifts within occupations and changes in occupational employment shares. Per our title, within-occupation changes dominate, raising doubts about the ability of projections based on expected changes in the occupational composition of employment to capture the likely future of work. Indeed, our data show only weak relationships between automatability, repetitiveness, and other job attributes and changes in occupational employment. The results suggest that analysts give greater attention to within-occupation impacts of technology in assessing the future of work.
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Sangamithra, A., and P. Sindia. "Health Hazards of Industrial Workers: Preventive Measures." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8i2.3447.

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Workers in every occupation face a multitude of hazards in the work place - occupational health and. Safety addresses the broad range of workplace hazards from accident prevention to the more insidious hazards, including toxic fumes, dust, noise, heat, stress, etc. Preventing work-related diseases and accidents must be the goal of occupational health and safety programs. The occupational health service is a link in the work organization. Human life is high in the hierarchy of values for the health professions. Health is a major determinant of the quality of life. Societal values have greater importance in the world of labor, with its complex informal and formal social structures. The cultural values of both workers and the community at large have to be considered. Present-day technology is a valuable asset if its limitations are understood. Computers and their software already provide thoroughly tested systems of data recording, processing, retrieval, and analysis, obviating the need for other records and occupational health services. The occupational illness burden is growing at an increasing rate. The profile of occupational illness has also been modified over a period due to modernization, liberalization, and globalization. Trained human resources in the field of occupational health and safety are far below the requirement. Hence, there is an urgent need for framing suitable policy, developing newer strategies, and developing our knowledge about occupational health and safety measures. Traditional training in occupational health needs to be supplemented with modern techniques.
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Pitt, Richard N., and Lin Zhu. "The Relationship between College Major Prestige/Status and Post-baccalaureate Outcomes." Sociological Perspectives 62, no. 3 (September 29, 2018): 325–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121418803325.

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Since Blau and Duncan’s seminal work on social mobility, researchers have used subjective measures of occupational prestige to understand either the change or stability in generational socioeconomic statuses. While subjective measures of occupational prestige have been developed, the creation of measures of educational status and prestige that might serve as parallels to these measures has received less attention. In this paper, we attempt to create such a measure and then use it to test the relationship between educational status (measured through the status of college majors) and three important post-baccalaureate outcomes: income, educational attainment, and occupational prestige. Our results, based on a survey of 718 undergraduate seniors, shows that majors differ in prestige just as occupations do. Then, using the National Survey of College Graduates, we confirm that those differences are meaningful in predicting early career incomes, the attainment of an advanced degree, and the prestige rating of college graduates’ occupations.
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Metcalfe, Valerie, Mary Egan, and Katrine Sauvé-Schenk. "LSVT BIG in late stroke rehabilitation: A single-case experimental design study." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 86, no. 2 (March 12, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008417419832951.

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Background. Late stroke rehabilitation interventions often target impairment with limited carryover to daily occupation. Purpose. This study explored whether the LSVT BIG program could lead to improved performance in client-identified occupations and decreased impairment late poststroke. Method. A single-case experimental design with one repetition was completed. Participants were two adults who had experienced a stroke 3 and 12 years previously. Each participant selected up to six occupational goals, and the intervention was applied to half. Repeated measures were taken using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Rating of Everyday Arm-Use in the Community and Home. Additional measures of performance and impairment were applied pre- and postintervention. Findings. Performance improved on either self-assessment or blinded-rater assessment for all but one activity (trained or untrained). Implications. LSVT BIG is a promising intervention to improve occupational performance. Further research is required to clarify elements of the program essential to improving occupational performance.
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Rosenthal, Dan, and Kitty C. Collier. "Occupational Trends and Program Priorities." education policy analysis archives 9 (July 22, 2001): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v9n25.2001.

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Institutions of higher education that respond to the economic base in their region will remain competitive and be better positioned to obtain public funds and donor support. In addition to mandated program viability standards based on measures such as graduation rate, individual institutions and state coordinating boards can use ten-year occupational trend data to assess future program viability. We used an occupational demand model to determine whether academic programs can meet projected statewide needs for high demand and high growth occupations. For example, computer engineering, the highest growth rate occupation in Alabama, is projected to have 365 annual average job openings, with 93.6% total growth over ten years. But only 46 computer engineering majors graduate annually from all Alabama institutions of higher education. We recommend using an occupational demand model as a planning tool, decision-making tool, and catalyst for collaborative initiatives.
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Milton, Yvonne, and Sarah Roe. "Occupational therapy home programmes for children with unilateral cerebral palsy using bimanual and modified constraint induced movement therapies: A critical review." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 80, no. 6 (September 27, 2016): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022616664738.

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Introduction The home context is considered a good location for children with cerebral palsy to practise meaningful occupations. The aim of this critical review was to gain a deeper understanding of how bimanual therapy and modified constraint induced movement therapy or constraint induced movement therapy methods are used within occupational therapy home programmes from an occupational perspective. Method A literature search was conducted using electronic databases for health research; five studies met the inclusion criteria. These were critically appraised and were analysed according to the relevant supports and barriers of the person–environment–occupation conceptual model of practice. Findings Family collaboration, strategic use of outcome measures, construction of the programme within the home environment and occupation-focused goals and activities emerged as commonly used methods. Enhanced descriptions of intervention context, the child’s voice in defining goals and challenges in optimising occupational balance surfaced as gaps in the programmes. Conclusion The methods used in implementing these approaches within occupational therapy home programmes requires combining motor and non-motor approaches, core occupational therapy skills, working within individual contexts and valuing family preferences. Using child-specific goal-setting instruments would strengthen the child’s voice and promote participation within a wider range of occupations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Occupational measures"

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Huang, Jialin. "Does the negatively-worded item effict exist in personality measures? A meta-analysis." Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3664037.

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This study meta-analyzed IRT item discrimination parameter estimates and CFA item loadings to explore the methodological effect of negatively-worded items in personality measures. We found three important moderators that determined whether the negatively-worded item effect affected a scale. The first moderator was the manner in which the scale was defined. We found a strong negatively-worded item effect for Neuroticism but not for Emotional Stability. The personality scale was also a moderator, with a negatively-worded item effect being observed for Agreeableness, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Openness but a positively-worded item effect for Emotional Stability and Conscientiousness. Third, low-motivation samples tended to produce a larger negatively-worded item effect. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between personality and non-personality inventories regarding the negatively-worded item effect. Finally, item negation did not produce the expected effect. Practical implications and limitations of the study are discussed.

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Filipkowski, Jenna Noelle. "Measuring Conscientiousness with Explicit and Implicit Measures." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1265749771.

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Kilminster-Binder, Sandra. "A report on nurses' response to occupational injuries and exposures to hazards in a Californian community hospital." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1033.

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This study set out to determine the reasons for underreporting of occupational injuries and exposures in the American health care environment. A cross sectional survey was used to report the responses and opinions of nurses who failed to report all occupational injuries and exposures, and the type of injuries that are least likely to be reported. The participants were a random sample of Registered Nurses employed in a California Health Care Center, who responded to a simple self-reporting questionnaire. The study revealed that the majority of occupational injuries, accidents and exposures by this group in the previous twelve month period had gone unreported. Ineffective education, unfamiliarity with methods of reporting and poor staffing ratios were factors that led to poor compliance of reporting. Other factors such as length of service and experience did not influence reporting habits. The originality of this research was that the questionnaire looked at the compliance of health and safe practices with consideration of the personal beliefs and attitudes that nurses hold in the workplace. Its significance is that it identified and documented appropriate strategies for employers to use to rectify the problem of reporting occupational injuries and accidents as well as described and analyzed the current systems in place.
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Sjödin, Fredrik. "Noise in the preschool : health and preventive measures." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Yrkes- och miljömedicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61442.

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This thesis is based on noise recordings and health evaluations carried out at preschools in the northern part of Sweden. Sound level recordings were made on individuals and by use of stationary devices in dining rooms and play halls. Health evaluations were based on ratings by use of questionnaires and by analyses of cortisol. The average equivalent individual noise exposure was 71 dB(A). The average equivalent noise levels in the dining room and playing halls were 64 dB(A). The hearing loss of the employees was significantly higher for the frequencies tested than in an unexposed control group. Symptoms of tinnitus were reported among 31% of the employees. Noise annoyance was rated as somewhat to very annoying, and the voices of the children were the most annoying noise source. The dB(A) level and fluctuations of the noise exposure were significantly correlated with the number of children per department. Stress and energy output were pronounced among the employees. About 30% of the staff experienced strong burnout syndromes. Mental recovery was low as indicated by noise fatigue and high levels of stress after work. Increased cortisol levels during work were associated with higher number of children present at the department. An essential finding of the thesis was that noise and noise sources may impair the pedagogic work, thereby increasing the work load of employees. It is concluded that noise exposure in the preschool, isolated or in combination with other stressors, plays a fundamental role in the building up of acute as well as long term stress. An intervention study implementing six acoustical and seven organizational measures was tested, aimed to improve the noise situation in the departments. Acoustical measures improved the noise situation as well as the rated noise experiences better than the organizational measures.
Avhandlingen baseras på ett samarbete med förskoleverksamheten inom Umeå kommun och har innefattat medverkan från 101 pedagoger i delstudie 1 och 24 pedagoger i en delstudie 2. Studie 1 som redovisas i tre delarbeten, I, II och III, har innefattat personburna och stationära bullermätningar i lekhallar och i matsalar. Påverkan på upplevelser samt hälsoeffekter av ljudmiljön har analyserats via frågeformulär och analyser av kortisol. Kontroll av hörselstatus har genomförts via audiometrisk screening. Studie 1 innefattar analys av bullrets effekter på såväl hörselrelaterad (Delarbete I) som stressrelaterad ohälsa (Delarbete II). Olika typer av åtgärder för att förbättra ljudmiljön och minska den bullerrelaterade ohälsan redovisas i delarbete III. Delarbete IV fokuserar på hur samverkan mellan buller och arbetsorganisation kan påverka den stressrelaterade ohälsan. Genomförda analyser av buller visar på förhållandevis likvärdiga bullerexponeringsnivåer förskolor och avdelningar emellan. Skillnaderna i exponeringsnivåer veckodagar emellan var små, skillnader mellan individer var däremot stora. Påtagliga skillnader i exponeringsnivåer förelåg som väntat under arbetsdagen. I synnerhet den personburna bulleranalysen pekade på en bullerexponering med påtagliga inslag av variation och transienter i exponeringen. Ljudmiljön karaktäriserades av medverkande pedagoger som den enskilt mest besvärande arbetsmiljöfaktorn. Barnens röster och ljud från deras aktiviteter klassificerades som de mest besvärande bullerkällorna. Personalen uppvisade sämre hörtrösklar för samtliga testade frekvenser jämfört med svensk ej bullerexponerad referenspopulation. De försämrade hörtrösklarna var relativt låga och föranledde inte i något fall remittering till hörselklinik. Prevalensen för tinnitus var 31 %, vilket motsvarar en överfrekvens på 15-20 %, jämfört med svenskt normalvärde. Ljudtrötthet efter arbetsdagens slut utgjorde ett uttalat symptom bland pedagogerna liksom försämrad sömnkvalitet och förhöjd sömnighet vid uppvaknande. Analyser av arbetsbelastning baserat på skattning och kortisolmätningar, indikerade höga energiuttag under arbete och inslag av utpräglad stress, och i flera fall utbrändhet. Signifikanta samband mellan upplevd dålig ljudmiljö, maskering av tal, försämrade förutsättningar för det pedagogiska arbetet och därmed ökad ohälsa kunde påvisas. Ljudmiljön, såväl nivåer som fluktuationer påverkades på ett uttalat sätt av antalet barn på avdelningen. Detta utgjorde också den enskilt viktigaste faktorn för att förbättra såväl ljudmiljön som den till ljudmiljön relaterade hälsan. Akustiska åtgärder visade sig genomgående mer framgångsrika för att förbättra ljudklimatet än organisatoriska åtgärder.
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Olson, Linda. "Sensory Modulation Disorder and Schizophrenia: Linking Behavioral Measures." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2464.

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Schizophrenia is a devastating disorder affecting millions of people in the United States. Studies leading to new understanding of and intervention for this disorder are essential, as current interventions are minimally effective. The end result is high rates of re-hospitalization, impaired occupational performance and decreased community reintegration. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, symptoms of schizophrenia are categorized as positive or negative, with both types of symptoms impacting successful occupational engagement. Based on behavioral observations occupational therapists have hypothesized that this population may also experience sensory modulation disorder (SMD). Although electrophysiological studies support the presence of SMD, studies focusing on the relationship between the observable behaviors of these two disorders are lacking. The purpose of this project is to examine the relationship between symptoms of SMD and schizophrenia. A cross-sectional design was used for this study. A convenience sample of 40 subjects was recruited from two outpatient psychiatric programs in Chicago, Illinois. Multi-site testing using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (A/ASP) was used to address the following questions: 1) Is there a relationship between symptoms of schizophrenia and patterns of SMD? 2) Can positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia reliably predict patterns of sensory modulation disorder? A Spearman correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between symptoms of schizophrenia and patterns of SMD, indicated a significant positive relationship between positive symptoms of schizophrenia and the low registration and sensory sensitivity quadrants of the A/ASP. Furthermore, a Mann Whitney U test uncovered significantly higher sensory sensitivity scores in African Americans compared to Caucasians. No significant relationships were found between negative symptoms and patterns of SMD. Stepwise regression found that positive symptoms predicted higher low registration scores and a combination of positive symptoms, race and gender were the best predictors of higher sensory sensitivity scores. This study did find a relationship between positive symptoms and patterns of SMD, suggesting that the relationship may actually be between psychosis and SMD and not schizophrenia. However, due to the small sample size, results should be interpreted cautiously and further studies completed.
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Liao, Sau-tung Sarah, and 廖秀冬. "An evaluation of occupational hazards in the electronics industry in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230520.

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Kwayiba, Thamsanqa Felix. "Workers' perceptions of occupational safety and health administration measures at Sasol Infrachem in Sasolburg." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001090.

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This is a qualitative study that seeks to explore the workers’ perceptions towards the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) system at the petrochemical industrial plant Sasol Infrachem in Sasolburg. It provides a platform for shop floor workers to express their subjective perceptions of the company’s OSHA measures by answering open ended questions. The study advances the notion that notwithstanding the safety managers’ efforts towards ensuring a safety regime in the workplace, however lucrative these might be, to really ensure a safe working environment in the workplace will always depend on the individual workers’ motivation to participate safely at work at any given time to ensure his/her safety and that of others. The study explores this subject by considering how they perceive these safety strategies, their vigilance, attitudes, their ownership of these and their inclination to comply with the occupational safety and health administration measures of Sasol. This study follows a Postmodernist theoretical framework emphasizing differences. Difference is a first and foremost identity feature of human beings. This goes for both their external and internal qualities. How workers perceive and relate to safety concepts will always be shaped by the differences among them. The study also makes use of the Environmental Justice Theory as a central theme, that holds that one life lost is one too many. At the forefront of industries are shop floor workers who are most vulnerable to workplace incident.The study assumes this premise with regard to their safety and health in the workplace
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Beck, Annie Q. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FITNESS MEASURES AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICAL ABILITY IN UNIVERSITY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/9.

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Law enforcement on academic campuses can be a physically demanding profession. Law enforcement officers (LEOs) may be required to perform a variety of physical tasks. Identifying which physical fitness characteristics are associated with these tasks will guide the development of appropriate and effective exercise programs. Therefore the purpose of this study was to identify physical fitness and demographic characteristics associated with the occupational physical ability of university LEOs. Sixteen male LEOs (age: 33.1±8.7 yr.; body mass: 87.2±11.2 kg; height: 178.9±7.9 cm) performed an officer physical ability test (OPAT) that simulated a foot chase of a suspect. In addition, the officers completed a battery of physical fitness tests that assessed aerobic and anaerobic capacity, muscular endurance, strength, power, flexibility, agility, and body composition. The OPAT was correlated with agility, upper body muscular endurance and strength, torso endurance, lower body power, aerobic endurance, and relative body composition (p<0.05). In addition, the OPAT was correlated with the following demographic and anthropometric variables: age, work experience, and waist and abdominal circumferences (p<0.05). In conclusion, tactical strength and conditioning professionals must design exercise programs for university LEOs to improve multiple components of physical fitness and focus on weight management.
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Geminiani, Franco Luciano. "A model to improve the effectiveness of the Occupational Health and Safety Inspectorate function relative to South African construction." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/719.

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Irrespective of all the efforts made by the Department of Labour (DoL) and other relevant stakeholders to improve the performance of Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) in construction. In the Construction Industry, there is still a very high level of accidents and fatalities in South Africa. Injuries and accidents to workers do not help a community in any nation. The construction industry in South Africa is generally known to be one of the most hazardous and has one of the most dismal OH&S records among all industrial segments with an unacceptably high level of injuries and fatalities resulting in considerable human suffering. A doctoral study was recently conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness and performance of the DoL OH&S Inspectorate in South Africa. The empirical study was conducted among a range of stakeholders: civil engineering and building contractors; OH&S consultants; project managers; DoL inspectors; and designers by means of a questionnaire survey. The methodology adopted in this study included the exploratory and descriptive methods, which entails the technique of observation including the use of questionnaires and data analysis. The salient findings of the study are presented and elucidate that the DoL OH&S Inspectorate is not effective in terms of OH&S relative to the construction industry in South Africa. Conclusions and recommendations included expound that the DoL OH&S Inspectorate is not effectively conducting their duties reinforcing the need for a reviewed OH&S Inspectorate model framework. The proposed structured normative model consists of fundamental elements which would improve the effectiveness of the DoL OH&S Inspectorate. The findings of the study with recommendations are included.
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Arafah, Alaa Mohammad. "What constructs are represented in multiple sclerosis specific health-related quality of life measures?" Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32265.

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ABSTRACT Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is becoming a common outcome for many medical and rehabilitative studies. This is specifically true for multiple sclerosis (MS), one of the most common chronic neurological condition affecting young adults. As MS results in severe consequences, its management depends on careful assessment of the outcome of interest. Measures of HRQL should represent all domains of HRQL and should be based on a theoretical frame of reference. The main objective of this content analysis study is to estimate the extent to which items in the MS-specific HRQL measures capture all domains of HRQL, using the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) and the Wilson-Cleary models as frames of reference. Items of 10 HRQL measures were linked to the ICF by a pool of 25 health professionals using a standardized procedure. Among the 550 items that were mapped, 44% represented symptoms, 34% represented functioning and 35% represented concepts of general health perception and satisfaction with quality of life. Only 6% of the items targeted environmental factors. Measures differed not only in the degree of representing the different components of HRQL but also in the ways of ascertaining a single construct, fatigue, one of the most distressing MS symptom.
ABRÉGÉ La qualité de vie reliée à la santé (QRVS) devient de plus en plus l'objectif principal des recherches en réadaptation et en médicine. Les études portant sur la sclérose en plaque (SP) visent particulièrement des résultats pouvant améliorer la qualité de vie des personnes. En effet, la sclérose en plaque (SP) est une condition neurologique chronique qui affecte principalement de jeunes adultes. Cette maladie résulte en de sévères symptômes. Une meilleure compréhension de la gestion de ces symptômes dépend principalement de la précaution et de la précision des évaluations. Les mesures de qualité de vie reliée à la santé (QRVS) devraient représenter tous les domaines de ce qu'est la QRVS. De plus, ces mesures devraient se référer à un modèle théorique définit. L'objectif principal de cette étude est d'estimer à quel point les mesures évaluant la qualité de vie reliées à la santé (QVRS) utilisées pour la sclérose en plaque permettent de saisir l'entièreté des domaines de la QVRS. Chaque item de ces mesures sera analysé en utilisant comme référence le modèle Classification internationale du fonctionnement, du handicap et de la santé (CIF) et le modèle Wilson-Cleary. Selon une méthodologie standardisée, vingt-cinq professionnels de la santé ont reliés au modèle ICF les items de 10 questionnaires évaluant la QVRS. Parmi ces 550 items, 44% représentaient des symptômes, 34% représentaient le niveau de fonctionnement, 35% portaient sur la conception de la santé et la satisfaction par rapport à la vie. Seuls 6% portaient sur des facteurs environnementaux. Les différents aspects de la QVRS étaient représent
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Books on the topic "Occupational measures"

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England, Paula. Occupational measures from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles for 1980 census detailed occupations. Ann Arbor, Mich: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1988.

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Clarke, Channine. Outcome measures: Information pack for occupational therapy. London: College of Occupational Therapists, 2001.

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European Social Fund. Programme Evaluation Unit. Enterprise measures. Dublin: ESF Programme Evaluation Unit, 1993.

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M, Rowlinson Stephen, ed. Occupational health and safety in construction project management. New York, NY: Spon Press, 2004.

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Agency, International Atomic Energy, and International Labour Office, eds. Orpguide: Occupational radiation protection. Vienna: IAEA, 2000.

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Alexandra, John, and Petheram Brian, eds. Therapy outcome measures manual: Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, rehabilitation nursing. San Diego: Singular Pub. Group, 1998.

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International Fire Service Training Association, ed. Occupational safety, health, and wellness. 3rd ed. Stillwater, OK: Fire Protection Publications, Oklahoma State University, 2010.

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Occupational safety management and engineering. 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1989.

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Hammer, Willie. Occupational safety management and engineering. 3rd ed. Englewoods Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1985.

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Stowell, Fred. Occupational safety, health, and wellness. Edited by International Fire Service Training Association. 3rd ed. Stillwater, OK: Fire Protection Publications, Oklahoma State University, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Occupational measures"

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Flückiger, Yves, and Jacques Silber. "Cardinal Measures of Occupational Segregation." In The Measurement of Segregation in the Labor Force, 53–75. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-47040-0_4.

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Lambert, Paul, and Dave Griffiths. "Measures of Social Stratification." In Social Inequalities and Occupational Stratification, 35–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-02253-0_3.

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Powers, Mary G., and Joan J. Holmberg. "Occupational Status Scores: Changes Introduced by the Inclusion of Women." In Measures of Socioeconomic Status, 55–81. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429049170-4.

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Polatin, Peter, Richard C. Robinson, and J. P. Garofalo. "Outcome Measures in Prediction of Occupational Disability." In Handbook of Complex Occupational Disability Claims, 141–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28919-4_7.

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Venables, Katherine, Johannes Ring, and Joaquin Sastre. "Preventive Measures Section 2: Occupational Allergies and Asthma." In Chemical Immunology and Allergy, 152–62. Basel: KARGER, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000081604.

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Featherman, David Lee, and Gillian Stevens. "A Revised Socioeconomic Index of Occupational Status: Application in Analysis of Sex Differences in Attainment." In Measures of Socioeconomic Status, 83–127. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429049170-5.

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O'Brien, Karen M., Monica S. Kearney, and Elizabeth Sauber. "Measuring career and occupational self-efficacy." In Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures (2nd ed.)., 97–110. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000138-007.

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Concha-Barrientos, M., and J. Labbé Cid. "Disability-Adjusted Life Years in Occupational Injuries and Accidents." In Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures, 447–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_26.

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Bardi, Martino, and Gabriele Terrone. "Periodic Homogenization of Deterministic Control Problems via Limit Occupational Measures." In CIM Series in Mathematical Sciences, 105–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16118-1_7.

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Ganzeboom, Harry B. G., and Donald J. Treiman. "Three Internationally Standardised Measures for Comparative Research on Occupational Status." In Advances in Cross-National Comparison, 159–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9186-7_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Occupational measures"

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Reis, Cristina, S. Paula, J. Ferreira, and C. Oliveira. "Risks and preventive measures in building demolitions." In Selected Contributions From the International Symposium Occupational Safety and Hygiene (Sho 2017). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315164809-113.

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González Eras, Alexandra, Pablo Quezada S., Patricia Ludeña González, and Carolina Gallardo. "Comparing Competences on Academia and Occupational Contexts based on Similarity Measures." In 11th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005491405400546.

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Moss, C. Eugene. "Control measures necessary for limiting occupational exposures in laser surgical procedures." In ILSC® ‘90: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5056028.

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Baltazar, A., A. Ferreira, A. Lança, D. Barreira, J. Almeida, and T. Neves. "Chemical risks of plant protection products—preventive measures." In Selected Contributions From the International Symposium Occupational Safety and Hygiene (Sho 2017). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315164809-102.

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Shkurpit, Marina Nikolaevna, and Nina Aleksandrovna Pogorelova. "Preventive measures for occupational diseases of students of IT specialties in summer." In VIII International applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-80723.

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Channamallu, Raghu Ram, Michael J. Jorgensen, and Sara E. Wilson. "Dynamic Lumbar Tracking With Occupational Whole-Body Vibration Exposure." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67864.

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Low back pain is one of the most costly and common musculoskeletal disorders, affecting up to 80% of the adults in their lifetime [1]. Whole body vibration (WBV) has been found to be a major risk factor in the etiology of low back pain with WBV increasing low back disorder risk from 1.2 to 39.5 fold depending on the occupational exposure duration and magnitude [2–3]. Recent research has demonstrated that exposure to sinusoidal whole body vibration of 5 Hz leads to increased propriceptive errors and delayed neuromotor response to external perturbation [4]. These results suggest a potential mechanism for low back injuries, namely that vibration may alter neuromotor control leading to poor stabilization and control of low back motion, increasing the risk of injury. However, the methods used to assess these changes in proprioception are static measures, require a good deal of equipment and setup time, and have a high variance, particularly with removal of electrodes and sensors, that make them impractical for the industrial setting. In addition, previous studies have only examined the effect of pure sinusoidal vibration exposure rather than the mixture of frequencies seen in occupational settings. Therefore, the goal of this project was to develop a dynamic measure of lumbar sensory accuracy and neuromotor control that could be used easily in the workplace and to examine the effects of WBV vibration on the measure using an occupationally-relevant vibration exposure.
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Anishchenko, E. B., L. V. Trankovskaya, and A. A. Vazhenina. "SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE FOR MEASURES ON PROTECTION OF HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES OF RAILWAY SECURITY FORCE WORKERS." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-21-24.

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Abstract: Abstract: In the course of a complex study of working conditions, health status and factors forming it, of employees of the railway security force workers (RSFW), at shooters and service canine handlers revealed a high level of occupational health risk. The levels of incidence rates with temporary disability had an average and above average grade of assessment. A high degree of occupational conditioning of respiratory diseases (class X of ICD - 10) was established. The results obtained made it possible to scientifically substantiate and develop a multi-level interdepartmental program for improving working conditions and preventing health disorders.
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Gavrylyshena, K. V., V. A. Semenikhin, and E. V. Chasovskikh. "LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-114-117.

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Abstract: The Russian Federation is currently undergoing a period of active industrial development, the introduction of innovative technologies and the emergence of new professions. In turn, the development of industry leads to an even greater number of people than before who are engaged in production in contact with harmful labor factors, and therefore increases the risk of developing occupational diseases. Occupational medicine protects the health of employees, and thanks to actively developing legislation, it can effectively monitor the improvement of safety measures and changes in working conditions, in order to ultimately reduce the number of people with occupational pathologies in the population.
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Syurin, S. A., and A. A. Kovshov. "FORMATION OF OCCUPATIONAL AND NON-OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN UNDERGROUND APATITE ORE MINERS." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-501-505.

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Abstract. Introduction. Living and working in the Arctic is associated with an increased health risks. The aim of the study was to assess features of non-occupational and occupational disease formation in underground apatite ore miners in the Kola Arctic. Materials and methods. We studied data ofthe periodic medical examination and results of social and hygienic monitoring "Working conditions and occupational morbidity of the population of the Murmansk region". Results. In 2007, 2649 miners were diagnosed with 6778 chronic diseases, of which the most prevalent were diseases of the musculoskeletal system (34.4%) and eye (16.9%). In 2008-2019, 496 occupational diseases were diagnosed for the first time in 290 (10.9%) miners. The risk of developing occupational pathology in drifters exceeded indicators of all other miners, including lumbermen (RR = 1.60; CI 1.07-2.38, р=0,015), operators of a vibratory loading installation (RR = 1.63; CI 0.97-2.74, p=0,041), drillers (RR = 1.57; CI 1.11-2.22, р=0,009) and blasters (RR = 2.13; CI 1.56-2.90, р<0,001). In the structure of occupational diseases, the first places were occupied by vibration disease (19.7%), radiculopathy (19.3%) and deforming osteoarthritis (16.0%). Conclusion. Modernization of ore mining processes and personal protective equipment, as well as a current system of medical measures should include more effective solutions to the problems of preserving health of underground apatite miners in the Kola Polar region.
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Górny, Adam. "Occupational Risk In Improving The Quality Of Working Conditions." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100327.

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Adherence to the systemic approach to improving working conditions is increasingly becoming a central prerequisite for the successful operation of business organizations. By adopting systemic principles to improve the quality of working conditions, organizations gain access to effective tools for eliminating hazards and strenuousness and consequently acquire the ability to grow and improve themselves. Any measures adopted within that framework are undertaken in recognition of the roles and tasks of employees seen as the internal clients of specific processes.The article demonstrates that improvements can be achieved by assessing risks. In this context, risk assessment is viewed as a tool for gathering information on irregularities. By assessing risks, businesses can identify any hazardous, deleterious and strenuous factors which require improvement (through corrective and preventive measures) and whose scope and characteristics depend on the level of occupational risk. The use of occupational risk as a criterion for selecting improvement measures helps identify adequate technical means and organizational arrangements to be applied to bring the working environment to the required quality standard. In particular cases, such means and arrangements should be complemented by using personal protection items. An essential consideration in improving working conditions is to incorporate any selected elements of the systemic approach that are critical for shaping the working environment. Only then will the proper improvement measures be effective.
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Reports on the topic "Occupational measures"

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Watson, E. C., and D. R. Fisher. Feasibility study on a data-based system for decisions regarding occupational radiation protection measures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7063046.

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Horvit, Andrew, and Donald Molony. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality and Kidney Function in Uranium – Exposed Individuals. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0122.

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Review question / Objective: 1) In humans, how does environmental and/or occupational exposure to uranium affect the risk of mortality due to primary kidney disease compared to unexposed individuals? (2) In humans, how does environmental and/or occupational exposure to uranium affect the risk of developing kidney failure compared to unexposed individuals? Eligibility criteria: We included cohort studies that evaluate the risk of CKD/ESKD due to uranium exposure. We also included cohort studies that evaluate standardized mortality due to all-cause mortality, kidney cancer, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in humans with exposure to uranium. We also included cross sectional studies that evaluate renal function in humans exposed to uranium via biomarkers and hard clinical measures (such as creatinine clearance) compared to humans with low/no uranium exposure. In order to not include the same cohort multiple times in the statistical analyses, we selected studies that evaluated an outcome of interest for a given cohort for the longest follow-up period. When this was not possible (due to multiple studies using different combinations of cohorts with varying lengths of follow up), the study with the largest study population size was selected.
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Kushner, Harold J. Functional Occupation Measures and Ergodic Cost Problems for Singularly Perturbed Stochastic Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada208578.

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Strom, D. J., R. Harty, E. E. Hickey, J. B. Martin, M. S. Peffers, and R. L. Kathren. Collective dose as a performance measure for occupational radiation protection programs: Issues and recommendations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/291000.

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Walsh, Brendan, and Karina Doorley. Occupations and Health. ESRI, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/bp202303.

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The relationship between health and employment status continually shows that individuals who work have lower levels of illness and higher self-reported health. This study examines how self-reported health and objective measures of health (multimorbidity and mental health problems) differ across employment status and occupations among adults of working age (25-65 years). In addition, the study examines how public health coverage – medical card and GP visit card (GPVC) – and private health coverage (PHI), and lack thereof, differ across occupations. Overall, individuals not in employment have much lower rates of self-reported health and higher rates of illness. In particular, mental health problems are three times higher among unemployed individuals across all age groups. Examining workers separately, differences in health status across occupations are small. However, rates of health coverage differ considerably across occupations. In general, occupations associated with poorer health status tend to have the highest percentages of workers without a medical card/GPVC or PHI. This affects workers’ ability to access lower cost or free healthcare, including for the purpose of certified sick leave.
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Heslegrave, Ronald J., and Caran Colvin. Selection of Personnel for Stressful Occupations: The Potential Utility of Psychophysiological Measures as Selection Tools. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264571.

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Kukreja, Prateek, Havishaye Puri, and Dil Rahut. Creative India: Tapping the Full Potential. Asian Development Bank Institute, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/kcbi3886.

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We provide the first reliable measure on the size of India’s creative economy, explore the many challenges faced by the creative industries, and provide recommendations to make India one of the most creative societies in the world. India’s creative economy—measured by the number of people working in various creative occupations—is estimated to contribute nearly 8% of the country’s employment, much higher than the corresponding share in Turkey (1%), Mexico (1.5%), the Republic of Korea (1.9%), and even Australia (2.1%). Creative occupations also pay reasonably well—88% higher than the non-creative ones and contribute about 20% to nation’s overall GVA. Out of the top 10 creative districts in India, 6 are non-metros—Badgam, Panipat (Haryana), Imphal (Manipur), Sant Ravi Das Nagar (Uttar Pradesh), Thane (Maharashtra), and Tirupur (Tamil Nadu)—indicating the diversity and depth of creativity across India. Yet, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, India’s creative exports are only one-tenth of those of the People’s Republic of China. To develop the creative economy to realize its full potential, Indian policy makers would like to (i) increase the recognition of Indian culture globally; (ii) facilitate human capital development among its youth; (iii) address the bottlenecks in the intellectual property framework; (iv) improve access to finance; and (v) streamline the process of policy making by establishing one intermediary organization. India must also leverage its G20 Presidency to put creative economy concretely on the global agenda.
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Hernandez Martinez, Victor, Hans A. Holter, and Roberto B. Pinheiro. The Hedgehog’s Curse: Knowledge Specialization and Displacement Loss. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202231.

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This paper studies the impact of knowledge specialization on earnings losses following displacement. We develop a novel measure of the specialization of human capital, based on how concentrated the knowledge used in an occupation is. Combining our measure with individual labor histories from the NLSY 79-97 and Norway’s LEED, we show that workers with more specialized human capital suffer larger earnings losses following exogenous displacement. A one standard deviation increase in pre-displacement knowledge specialization increases the earnings losses post-displacement by 3 to 4 pp per year in the US, and by 1.5 to 2 pp per year in Norway. In the US, the negative effect of higher pre-displacement knowledge specialization on post-displacement earnings is driven by the negative impact of knowledge specialization on well-paid outside opportunities. By contrast, this association between outside opportunities and knowledge specialization plays no role in post-displacement earnings losses in Norway, where the negative effect of specialization is in part explained by its association with the routine content and the offshoring probability of the occupation.
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Paullin, Cheryl, Michael Ingerick, D. M. Trippe, and Laurie Wasko. Identifying Best Bet Entry-Level Selection Measures for US Air Force Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Pilot and Sensor Operator (SO) Occupations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada554209.

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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.

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Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining access to productive opportunities and higher pay through stable employment within companies. It was through these internal employment structures that Blacks could potentially overcome barriers to the long legacy of job and pay discrimination. In the 1960s and 1970s, the generally growing availability of unionized semiskilled jobs gave working people, including Blacks, the large measure of employment stability as well as rising wages and benefits characteristic of the lower levels of the middle class. The next stage in this process of upward socioeconomic mobility should have been—and in a nation as prosperous as the United States could have been—the entry of the offspring of the new Black blue-collar middle class into white-collar occupations requiring higher educations. Despite progress in the attainment of college degrees, however, Blacks have had very limited access to the best employment opportunities as professional, technical, and administrative personnel at U.S. technology companies. Since the 1980s, the barriers to African American upward socioeconomic mobility have occurred within the context of the marketization (the end of CWOC) and globalization (accessibility to transnational labor supplies) of high-tech employment relations in the United States. These new employment relations, which stress interfirm labor mobility instead of intrafirm employment structures in the building of careers, are characteristic of the rise of the New Economy business model (NEBM), as scrutinized in William Lazonick’s 2009 book, Sustainable Prosperity in the New Economy? Business Organization and High-Tech Employment in the United States (Upjohn Institute). In this paper, we analyze the exclusion of Blacks from STEM (science, technology, engineering, math) occupations, using EEO-1 employment data made public, voluntarily and exceptionally, for various years between 2014 and 2020 by major tech companies, including Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, Cisco, Facebook (now Meta), Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Inc., Intel, Microsoft, PayPal, Salesforce, and Uber. These data document the vast over-representation of Asian Americans and vast under-representation of African Americans at these tech companies in recent years. The data also shine a light on the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of large masses of lower-paid labor in the United States at leading U.S. tech companies, including tens of thousands of sales workers at Apple and hundreds of thousands of laborers & helpers at Amazon. In the cases of Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Intel, we have access to EEO-1 data from earlier decades that permit in-depth accounts of the employment transitions that characterized the demise of OEBM and the rise of NEBM. Given our findings from the EEO-1 data analysis, our paper then seeks to explain the enormous presence of Asian Americans and the glaring absence of African Americans in well-paid employment under NEBM. A cogent answer to this question requires an understanding of the institutional conditions that have determined the availability of qualified Asians and Blacks to fill these employment opportunities as well as the access of qualified people by race, ethnicity, and gender to the employment opportunities that are available. Our analysis of the racial/ethnic determinants of STEM employment focuses on a) stark differences among racial and ethnic groups in educational attainment and performance relevant to accessing STEM occupations, b) the decline in the implementation of affirmative-action legislation from the early 1980s, c) changes in U.S. immigration policy that favored the entry of well-educated Asians, especially with the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990, and d) consequent social barriers that qualified Blacks have faced relative to Asians and whites in accessing tech employment as a result of a combination of statistical discrimination against African Americans and their exclusion from effective social networks.
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