Journal articles: 'Occupational diseases Reporting Victoria'

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Horyniak, Danielle, Mark Stoové, Keflemariam Yohannes, Alan Breschkin, Tom Carter, Beth Hatch, Jane Tomnay, Margaret Hellard, and Rebecca Guy. "The impact of immigration on the burden of HIV infection in Victoria, Australia." Sexual Health 6, no. 2 (2009): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh08088.

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Background: Accurate estimates of the number of people diagnosed and living with HIV infection within a health jurisdiction provide the basis for planning of clinical service provision. Case reporting of new diagnoses does not account for inwards and outwards migration of people with HIV infection, thereby providing an inaccurate basis for planning. Methods: The Victorian passive surveillance system records all cases of HIV diagnosed in Victoria and distinguishes between new Victorian diagnoses (cases whose first ever HIV diagnosis was in Victoria) and cases previously diagnosed interstate and overseas. In order to gain an understanding of the impact of population movement on the burden of HIV infection in Victoria, we compared the characteristics of people first diagnosed in Victoria with those previously diagnosed elsewhere. Results: Between 1994 and 2007 there were 3111 HIV notifications in Victoria, including 212 (7%) ‘interstate diagnoses’ and 124 (4%) ‘overseas diagnoses’. The proportion of cases diagnosed outside Victoria increased from 6.4% between 1994 and 2000 to 13.8% between 2001 and 2007. Compared with ‘new diagnoses’, a larger proportion of ‘interstate diagnoses’ reported male-to-male sex as their HIV exposure, were Australian-born and diagnosed in Victoria at a general practice specialising in gay men’s health. Compared with ‘new diagnoses’, a larger proportion of ‘overseas diagnoses’ were female, reported heterosexual contact as their HIV exposure, and were diagnosed in Victoria at a sexual health clinic. Conclusions: Between 1994 and 2007 more than 10% of Victorian HIV diagnoses were among people previously diagnosed elsewhere. Characteristics of both interstate and overseas diagnoses differed from new diagnoses. Service planning needs to be responsive to the characteristics of people moving to Victoria with previously diagnosed HIV infection.

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Guy, Rebecca J., Tim Spelman, Mark Stoove, Carol El-Hayek, Jane Goller, Christopher K. Fairley, David Leslie, et al. "Risk factors for HIV seroconversion in men who have sex with men in Victoria, Australia: results from a sentinel surveillance system." Sexual Health 8, no. 3 (2011): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh10095.

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Objectives HIV diagnosis rates in men who have sex with men (MSM) began increasing in Australia 10 years ago, and there has been a major resurgence of syphilis. We determined predictors of HIV positivity and seroconversion among MSM in Victoria, Australia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of data from MSM who underwent HIV testing between April 2006 and June 2009 at three primary care clinics. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of HIV positivity and seroconversion. Results: During the study period, 7857 MSM tested for HIV. Overall HIV positivity was 1.86% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6–2.2). There were 3272 repeat testers followed for 4837 person-years (PY); 60 seroconverted and HIV incidence was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.96–1.60) per 100 PY. Independent predictors of HIV seroconversion were: an infectious syphilis diagnosis within the last 2 years (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1–5.7), reporting six or more anal sex partners in the past 6 months (AHR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.8–6.3), reporting an HIV-positive current regular partner (AHR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1–10.6) and reporting inconsistent condom use with casual partners in the past 6 months (AHR = 4.4, 95% CI: 1.7–11.5). Conclusion: Our results call for HIV prevention to target high-risk MSM, including men with a recent syphilis diagnosis or a high numbers of partners, men who have unprotected anal sex with casual partners and men in serodiscordant relationships. The HIV incidence estimate will provide a baseline to enable public health officials to measure the effectiveness of future strategies.

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Tomnay, Jane E., and Beth Hatch. "Council-supported condom vending machines: are they acceptable to rural communities?" Sexual Health 10, no. 5 (2013): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh13050.

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BackgroundTwenty-four hour access to condoms for young people living in rural Victoria is problematic for many reasons, including the fact that condom vending machines are often located in venues and places they cannot access. Method: We partnered with three rural councils to install condom vending machines in locations that provided improved access to condoms for local young people. Councils regularly checked the machines, refilled the condoms and retrieved the money. They also managed the maintenance of the machine and provided monthly data. Results: In total, 1153 condoms were purchased over 12 months, with 924 (80%) obtained from male toilets and 69% (801 out of 1153) purchased in the second half of the study. Revenue of $2626.10 (AUD) was generated and no negative feedback from residents was received by any council nor was there any negative reporting by local media. Vandalism, tampering or damage occurred at all sites; however, only two significant episodes of damage required a machine to be sent away for repairs. Conclusions: Condom vending machines installed in rural towns in north-east Victoria are accessible to young people after business hours, are cost-effective for councils and have not generated any complaints from residents. The machines have not suffered unrepairable damage and were used more frequently as the study progressed.

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Guy, Rebecca, Megan S. C. Lim, Yung-Hsuan J. Wang, Nicholas Medland, Jonathan Anderson, Norman Roth, and Margaret E. Hellard. "A new surveillance system for monitoring HIV infection in Victoria, Australia." Sexual Health 4, no. 3 (2007): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07011.

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Objectives: To establish a new mechanism for monitoring patterns of HIV infection, in the context of a sustained increase in HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Victoria. Methods: Between April 2004 and August 2005, a linked voluntary HIV sentinel surveillance system was implemented at five medical clinics with a high case load of MSM. Using a questionnaire, doctors collected HIV testing history, demographic and sexual risk behaviour information from all clients undergoing voluntary HIV testing. Questionnaires were linked with HIV test results. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with HIV infection. Results: Of 3435 MSM tested for HIV at participating sites, 1.7%, (95% CI = 1.2–2.2) were newly diagnosed with HIV; between 2004 and 2005 the proportion increased from 1.3% (95% CI = 1.2–1.5) to 2.0% (95% CI = 1.8–2.2), P = 0.107. There was no significant change in the number of HIV tests conducted per month or in demographic characteristics, testing history and sexual behaviour characteristics between time periods. In multivariate analysis, reporting unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with any partner, UAI with a HIV-positive partner/s and being aged 30–39 years or 40 years or greater were significantly associated with HIV infection. Conclusion: This new surveillance mechanism, based on linked testing at participating clinics, indicates that the increase in HIV notifications in 2005 was unrelated to changes in testing and data from a Melbourne sexual behavioural survey suggests the increase was more likely to be attributed to increases in transmission within the past few years. The sentinel system highlighted UAI, especially with HIV positive partner/s are important transmission factors.

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Johnson, Sandra, Nabeel Imam, Allen Cheng, and Leon Worth. "Utility of the Standardized Infection Ratio (SIR) for reporting healthcare-associated infections in Australia: benefits and limitations using a Victorian dataset." Infection, Disease & Health 23 (November 2018): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2018.09.058.

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Ahmed, Navera, Yasmin Jayasinghe, John D. Wark, Yeshe Fenner, Elya E. Moore, Sepehr N. Tabrizi, Ashley Fletcher, and Suzanne M. Garland. "Attitudes to chlamydia screening elicited using the social networking site Facebook for subject recruitment." Sexual Health 10, no. 3 (2013): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12198.

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Background Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) is the commonest bacterial sexually transmissible infection worldwide and contributes to significant morbidity in females. We examined potential barriers and facilitating factors for screening in young Victorian women, using the social networking site, Facebook to recruit participants. Methods: This was part of a larger study on young women’s health that assessed the feasibility of using social networking sites for recruitment. An advertisement was placed on Facebook between May and September 2010, and was visible to eligible women. Women who clicked on the advertisement and expressed their interest in participating were invited to complete a questionnaire either at a study site or online. Results: In total, 278 participants completed the survey, with 76% reporting willingness to participate in chlamydia screening by recruitment via an online system. Overall, 73% of participants indicated they were comfortable providing a urine sample collected at home for chlamydia screening, with older participants less comfortable with this method (P = 0.02, odds ratio (OR) = 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.01–0.7). Participants expressed comfort with their Pap smear and chlamydia screening being performed together (92.7%), especially those who were aware of human papillomavirus (P < 0.01, OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3–4.7). Conclusions: This study demonstrated willingness by young Victorian women using Facebook to participate in screening for chlamydia. There was strong acceptance of self-collected sampling, and of combined chlamydia and cervical cytology screening. Facebook may therefore be a feasible way for improving screening coverage at a population level.

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Gold, Judy, Jane Goller, Margaret Hellard, Megan S. C. Lim, Jane Hocking, Christopher K. Fairley, Tim Spelman, Kathleen McNamee, Philip Clift, and Rebecca Guy. "Impact evaluation of a youth sexually transmissible infection awareness campaign using routinely collected data sources." Sexual Health 8, no. 2 (2011): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh10082.

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Background Young people are at high risk of sexually transmissible infections (STI) and notifications of chlamydia are rising rapidly. In 2007, a Victorian multimedia campaign aimed to increase STI testing and condom use among 18–25-year-olds. We conducted a retrospective impact evaluation using multiple sources of routinely collected data. Methods: Population-level chlamydia testing data from general practice, chlamydia testing data from five government primary care clinics with a high caseload of young people, and behavioural data from an annual youth behavioural survey were analysed. Analyses included time-series regression to assess trends in testing levels, Kruskal–Wallis tests to assess changes in positivity, and χ2-tests to assess knowledge and behaviour change. Results: There was no significant difference in the slope of monthly chlamydia testing in population-level or clinic-based surveillance during the campaign compared with before or after the campaign, and no changes in chlamydia positivity. Between 2007 and 2008, there was a significant increase in STI knowledge among females (P < 0.01) and in the proportion of females reporting always using a condom with casual (P = 0.04) and new sexual partners (P < 0.01) in the annual behavioural survey. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the campaign had no impact on STI testing but may have contributed to an increase in knowledge and condom use among females; however, this increase could not be directly attributed to the campaign. Future campaigns targeting young people for STI testing should consider alternative messages and approaches, and include robust evaluation mechanisms to measure campaign impact prospectively.

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Holland, Grant. "Child Abuse and Mandatory Reporting." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 4 (1996): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96058.

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In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury; sexual abuse and exploitation; emotional/psychological abuse and neglect. These forms of maltreatment often convey an implied message of non-accidental or committed harm against children. Abuse, however, can often occur by neglect or a failure to protect children, and therefore can be characterised as abuse by ommission. Many practitioners and professionals now use the term 'child abuse and neglect' rather than the single 'child abuse' term.

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Bosch, Xavier. "EC urges reporting of occupational diseases." Lancet 362, no. 9390 (October 2003): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14506-0.

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Freund, Eugene. "Mandatory Reporting of Occupational Diseases by Clinicians." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 262, no. 21 (December 1, 1989): 3041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03430210083036.

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Freund, E. "Mandatory reporting of occupational diseases by clinicians." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 262, no. 21 (December 1, 1989): 3041–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.262.21.3041.

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Ecimović Nemarnik, Renata, Marija Bubaš, Denis Lisica Mandek, Zoran Šimurina, Hrvoje Radić, and Domagoj Slavić. "Occupational diseases and general practitioners." Sigurnost 60, no. 4 (January 3, 2019): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31306/s.60.4.3.

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SUMMARY: The aim of this study is to investigate the views of general practitioners regarding the reporting of occupational diseases and the possible link between work status, sickness and assessment of work ability with occupational diseases. The study also places focus on the need to improve collaboration with occupational medicine specialists, on general practitioners' need for education in certain areas of occupational health and occupational diseases, and on topics and ways of implementing education. The subjects were family physicians and general practitioners (50) employed in community health centers in Zagreb. The reported occupational diseases in family physician's surgeries were analyzed. It was found that 26% respondents reported occupational disease, 70% did not report it, and 4% did not know whether or not they had reported occupational disease in the last five years. The most commonly reported occupational diseases were diseases of the musculoskeletal system (38%) and skin diseases (38%). The reasons given for not reporting occupational diseases were that doctors were not aware that those were occupational diseases (91%), and because they feared that the patient may get fired (9%). The vast majority of respondents (94%) agreed that it is necessary to improve cooperation between family physicians and occupational medicine specialists. Seventy eight percent of family physicians were interested in education on how to recognize occupational diseases. Preventive team work on the part of occupational medicine specialists and family physicians using the 'check lists' in family physician's surgeries, and education courses on occupational health would improve primary prevention of occupational diseases, while early detection would halt the progress of occupational diseases and thus reduce ensuing disability caused by occupational disease.

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Crofts, Nick, Dorota M. Gertig, Elaine Stevenson, Sandra C. Thompson, Tony Stewart, Rosemary Lester, and Joc Forsyth. "Surveillance for sexually transmissible diseases in Victoria, 1983 to 1992." Australian Journal of Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 12, 2010): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1994.tb00278.x.

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Spreeuwers, D., A. G. E. M. de Boer, J. H. A. M. Verbeek, M. M. van Beurden, and F. J. H. van Dijk. "Diagnosing and reporting of occupational diseases: a quality improvement study." Occupational Medicine 58, no. 2 (January 21, 2008): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqm146.

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van der Molen, Henk F., Chiara Marsili, Andrea Vitali, and Claudio Colosio. "Trends in occupational diseases in the Italian agricultural sector, 2004–2017." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 77, no. 5 (January 29, 2020): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106168.

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ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of, trends in and effect of change in reporting rules on occupational diseases (ODs) in the Italian agricultural sector.MethodsOver a 14-year period (2004–2017), ODs among Italian agricultural workers were diagnosed by physicians and reported to the National Institute for Insurance against Workplace Accidents and Occupational Diseases. OD was defined as a disease with a specific clinical diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases) and was predominantly caused by work-related factors. Trends in incidence and effects of changed eligibility criteria for reporting occupational musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) were estimated using a Poisson regression model.ResultsIn 2017, the incidence of all ODs was 1295 per 100 000 agricultural workers. MSDs (961 per 100 000 workers) were the most frequently occurring ODs. MSDs and NIHL showed statistically significant increasing time trends, 26% and 7% annual increase, respectively, during the 2004–2017 period. There was no statistically significant change in the incidence of occupational respiratory, skin and cancer diseases during the 14-year period. After changes in reporting rules, the incidence of MSDs showed an immediate increased effect, with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 2.9 (95% CI 2.65 to 3.14) and a significant annual decreasing trend of −9% (95% CI −6% to −12%) over the years after the changed reporting rules (from 2008 to 2017), and an immediate effect on NIHL with an IRR of 1.3 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.53).ConclusionIn total, 1.3% of the Italian agricultural workers were diagnosed in 2017 as having an OD. Over a 14-year period, the annual incidence of ODs showed a considerable increasing trend consistent with changed eligibility reporting criteria for occupational MSDs and to a lesser extent for NIHL.

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Benavides, FG, JM Ramada, M. Ubalde-Lopez, GL Delclos, and C. Serra. "O5E.2 A hospital occupational diseases unit: an experience to increase the recognition of occupational disease." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A49.2—A49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.133.

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BackgroundUnder-reporting and recognition of occupational diseases is a problem in countries with workers’ compensation schemes.AimsTo describe the role of a public hospital Occupational Disease Unit (ODU) in Barcelona that resulted in improved reporting and official recognition of occupational diseases from 2010 to 2017.MethodsHospital physicians referred possible cases of work-related disease to the ODU, where in-depth medical evaluations were then performed, and a detailed report addressing causation was generated. Patients with confirmed cases of occupational disease were counselled and followed while pursuing official recognition and benefits claims by the Spanish Social Security System.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2017, 149 cases were referred to the ODU for evaluation. Of these, 80 (53.7%) were confirmed to have an occupational disease, 54 (67.5%) patients pursued official recognition, and to date 26 (48.1%) were accepted by the Social Security System. The predictive positive value varied by diagnosis group (p=0.003), and was highest for skin diseases (71.4%) and cancer (66.7%), and lowest for hearing loss (29.4%) and musculoskeletal disorders (16.7%).ConclusionsA hospital ODU can improve reporting and official recognition of occupational diseases, that otherwise might not have been recognized. Expanding this experience to other Spanish and European hospitals could improve the efficiency of workers’ compensation schemes and better support preventive policies.

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Dimich-Ward, Helen, Gustavo R. Contreras, Roxanne Rousseau, and Moira Chan-Yeung. "Surveillance of Occupational Lung Diseases in Canada." Canadian Respiratory Journal 3, no. 5 (1996): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/346563.

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Surveillance programs for occupational lung diseases are reviewed, with reference to a two-year pilot study that was undertaken in the province of British Columbia. Members of the British Columbia Thoracic Society were invited to participate by reporting any new cases of occupational lung disease in each two-month period. Participating physicians responded well during the first year of the pilot study, but longer term commitment was difficult to maintain. It is recommend that physicians be educated, starting in medical school, about the recognition and diagnosis of occupational diseases and the importance of surveillance of chronic diseases. The authors encourage, at least on a trial basis, a nationally based surveillance program of occupational lung diseases.

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Wahsheh, Moayad A., Zeinab M. Hassan, and Maysoun H. Atoum. "Reporting of occupational exposures to sharp injuries among Jordanian healthcare workers." Healthcare infection 16, no. 2 (June 2011): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hi10024.

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Lenderink, Annet F., Dick Spreeuwers, Jac J. L. van der Klink, and Frank J. H. van Dijk. "Information and feedback to improve occupational physicians’ reporting of occupational diseases: a randomised controlled trial." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 83, no. 4 (October 15, 2009): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-009-0468-8.

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Simpson, Diane M. "Improving the Reporting of Notifiable Diseases in Texas." Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 2, no. 4 (1996): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00124784-199623000-00010.

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McMorris, Barbara J., Sheryl A. Hemphill, John W. Toumbourou, Richard F. Catalano, and George C. Patton. "Prevalence of Substance Use and Delinquent Behavior in Adolescents From Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States." Health Education & Behavior 34, no. 4 (May 31, 2006): 634–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198106286272.

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This article compares prevalence estimates of substance use and delinquent behavior in Washington State, United States and Victoria, Australia, two states chosen for their different policy environments around problem behavior. Few comparisons of international differences on rates of multiple problem behavior exist, and most are based on methods that are not matched, raising the question of whether findings are based on methodological differences rather than actual rate differences. The International Youth Development Study used standardized methods to recruit and administer an adaptation of the Communities That Care Youth Survey to representative state samples of fifth-, seventh-, and ninth-grade students in each state. Rates of delinquent behavior were generally comparable. However, striking differences in substance use were noted, with Victoria students reporting higher rates of alcohol use, alcohol misuse, smoking, and inhalant use, whereas Washington State students reported higher rates of marijuana use. Implications for conducting international comparisons are discussed.

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Waclawski, E. "Disease reporting after the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, and Dangerous Occurrence Regulations (1995) (RIDDOR) is revised." Occupational Medicine 63, no. 3 (April 1, 2013): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqs220.

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Pope, Jeanette, and Megan Counahan. "Evaluating the utility of surveillance data to decision makers in Victoria, Australia." Sexual Health 2, no. 2 (2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04052.

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Objective. Evaluating the utility of surveillance data to decision makers in Victoria, Australia. Methods. A survey of all sexually transmitted infection program directors in Victoria, Australia, was undertaken to examine readership and use of annual and quarterly reports. Results. One hundred and sixteen programs in 86 organisations were identified as undertaking sexually transmitted infection control activities in Victoria. Around 17% of the directors never read the reports and others reported not finding the information contained in them useful. While we found the information generated from the surveillance system has an important role in triggering action for epidemics and pervades more general decision making by improving the general knowledge of sexually transmitted infection trends, the indicators are not seen as useful by most key stakeholders. Conclusions. Significant improvements in the utility of the system could be made by changes to the data output and key suggestions made by the stakeholders are outlined.

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Wang, Dan, Anqi Liu, Siyu Zhang, Yue Yu, Weijiang Hu, and Xin Sun. "History of the Development of the Reporting System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Disease List in China." China CDC Weekly 2, no. 18 (2020): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2020.080.

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Broome, Claire V., Heather H. Horton, Deborah Tress, Salvatore J. Lucido, and Denise Koo. "Statutory basis for public health reporting beyond specific diseases." Journal of Urban Health 80, S1 (March 2003): i14—i22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00022310.

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Yamey, Gavin. "Research Ethics and Reporting Standards at PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2007): e69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000069.

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Bennett, Noleen J., Ann L. Bull, David R. Dunt, Lyle C. Gurrin, Denis W. Spelman, Philip L. Russo, and Michael J. Richards. "MRSA infections in smaller hospitals, Victoria, Australia." American Journal of Infection Control 35, no. 10 (December 2007): 697–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2006.12.011.

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Petzoldt, D., U. Jappe, M. Hartmann, and O. Hamouda. "Sexually transmitted diseases in Germany." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462021925045.

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In the former West Germany, in specific venereal diseases legislation passed in 1953, only syphilis, gonorrhoea, ulcus molle, and lymphogranuloma venereum were defined as venereal diseases and subject to mandatory notification. The proportion of unreported cases was as high as 75% for syphilis and up to 90% for gonorrhoea. Epidemiological data for the past 10 years exist only on selected populations from research studies and are summarized in this article. In the former East Germany reporting of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was mandatory and, due to the centralized organization, underreporting was considered to be low, although no specific studies have examined this. After the unification in 1990 of the two German states the West German laws were adopted in East Germany. Since 1982 - when the first AIDS case was reported in Germany - information on AIDS cases has voluntarily been collected at the national register at the AIDS Centre of the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin. The law governing the reporting of infectious diseases has recently been revised. Under the new Protection against Infection Act, which became effective on 1 January 2001, clinical diagnoses of STIs (with the exception of hepatitis B) are no longer notifiable diseases. Laboratory reporting of positive test results for Treponema pallidum has been introduced. With T. pallidum and HIV notifications, additional disaggregated data are collected. Since T. pallidum and HIV remain the only notifiable STIs, all other STIs have to be monitored through sentinel surveillance systems. These surveillance systems are currently being established. Under the new legislation, local health authorities have to provide adequate counselling and testing services for STIs, which may be provided free of charge if necessary.

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Curti, Stefania, Riitta Sauni, Dick Spreeuwers, Antoon De Schryver, Madeleine Valenty, Stéphanie Rivière, and Stefano Mattioli. "Interventions to increase the reporting of occupational diseases by physicians: a Cochrane systematic review." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 73, no. 5 (March 2, 2016): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2015-103209.

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Kalaycı, Defne, Mehmet Erdem Alagüney, and Ali Naci Yıldız. "The Estimated Number of Occupational Diseases and Work-Related Diseases in Turkey." Acta Medica 50, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32552/2019.actamedica.358.

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Objective: The number of occupational diseases are lower than expected in Turkey. We aimed to estimate the number of occupational diseases, work-related diseases, and deaths due to occupational exposures by using international estimations of attribution of workplace in this descriptive study. Methods: The attributable fraction values to occupation for selected diseases and deaths were compiled from the literature. Information on these diseases and deaths in Turkey was obtained from national burden of disease studies and statistics of Turkish Statistical Institute. The estimated number of occupational diseases, work-related diseases and deaths due to occupational exposures were calculated by using the number of diseases and deaths in Turkey and by the fraction of occupational exposures by using literature. Results: Based on the data of national burden of disease studies in Turkey; 321,868 musculoskeletal disorders, 79,232 to 95,845 circulatory system diseases, 38,994 to 56,992 chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, 14,563 to 19,858 asthma cases, 29,550 hearing losses, and 4,902 to 16,341 cancer cases are estimated to be work-related. According to the Turkish Statistical Institute data, the number of deaths due to occupational causes was estimated to be 8,143 in circulatory system diseases; 1,913 in malignant tumors; and 2,130 in respiratory system diseases. However, the lowest and the highest number of occupational diseases announced by the Social Security Institution between 2007 and 2016 is 371 and 1,208, respectively. Conclusion: There are deficiencies in the diagnosis and reporting of occupational diseases. In order to plan and implement preventive actions, data should be reported in a large scale and reliable manner.

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Woodall, John P. "Global surveillance of emerging diseases: the ProMED-mail perspective." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 17, suppl (2001): S147—S154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2001000700024.

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The Internet is changing the way global disease surveillance is conducted. Countries and international organizations are increasingly placing their outbreak reports on the Internet, which speeds up distribution and therefore prevention and control. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the value of nongovernmental organizations and the media in reporting outbreaks, which it then attempts to verify through its country offices. However, WHO and other official sources are constrained in their reporting by the need for bureaucratic clearance. ProMED-mail <www.promedmail.org> has no such constraints, and posts outbreak reports 7 days a week. It is moderated by infectious disease specialists who add relevant comments. Thus, ProMED-mail complements official sources and provides early warning of outbreaks. Its network is more than 20,000 people in over 150 countries, who place their computers and time at the network's disposal and report on outbreaks of which they have knowledge. Regions and countries could benefit from adopting the ProMED-mail approach to complement their own disease surveillance systems.

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Lemoh, Chris N., Samia Baho, Jeffrey Grierson, Margaret Hellard, Alan Street, and Beverley-Ann Biggs. "African Australians living with HIV: a case series from Victoria." Sexual Health 7, no. 2 (2010): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09120.

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Background: This research aimed to describe the characteristics of African-born Victorians living with HIV, identify associations with delayed HIV diagnosis and describe their response to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Methods: A case series of African-born adults living with HIV in Victoria was conducted. Data was collected in interviews and reviews of case notes. Associations with delayed HIV diagnosis (CD4 below 200 cells µL–1 at diagnosis and/or AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis) were explored using univariate regression. AIDS-defining illnesses and response to cART were described. Results: Fourteen males and six females were included. Ten were born in the Horn of Africa (nine in Ethiopia). Sixteen had sexual exposure (12 heterosexual; four male-to-male sex). Seven reported acquiring HIV in Australia. Median CD4 count at diagnosis was 145 cells µL–1. Ten had delayed HIV diagnosis, of whom eight were born in the Horn of Africa. Delayed HIV diagnosis was associated with birth in the Horn of Africa (odds ratio: 11.56). Nine had a diagnosis of AIDS, including three cases of tuberculosis, three of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and two of cerebral toxoplasmosis. Eighteen had received cART, of which 16 achieved virological suppression and 15 achieved a CD4 count above 200 cells µL–1. Clinical failure and virological failure occurred in seven and five cases, respectively. Conclusions: HIV prevention strategies for Victoria’s African communities should address HIV exposure in Australia. Ethiopian-born Victorians with HIV appear to be at particular risk of delayed diagnosis. Response to cART in this series was comparable to that observed in other industrialised countries.

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Teshuva, Karen, Heather Russell, and Laura Varanelli. "The Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service quality improvement framework." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 2 (2008): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08026.

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The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evaluation of the Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) quality improvement framework. The framework was developed in 2001 by a reference group consisting of ACAS managers and government officers, to enable ACAS to engage in a quality improvement process specific to its core areas of business. The framework comprises seven core business domains which are used by the ACAS for annual quality improvement planning and reporting. Using the qualitative methodology of thematic analysis, the ACAS Evaluation Unit has examined annual quality improvement reports submitted by the 18 Victorian ACAS teams from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The findings were used to revise the framework and the ACAS quality improvement reporting template. The number and range of ACAS-related quality improvement activities carried out in Victoria since the implementation of the framework demonstrates its effectiveness as a mechanism for capturing and centrally recording quality improvement activities in areas of core ACAS business. The paper concludes that the Victorian QI framework could be drawn on to develop a quality improvement framework for the Aged Care Assessment Program nationwide.

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Seneviratne, S. L., S. B. Gunatilake, and H. J. de Silva. "Reporting notifiable diseases: methods for improvement, attitudes and community outcome." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 91, no. 2 (March 1997): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90199-1.

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Falster, Kathleen, Linda Gelgor, Ansari Shaik, Iryna Zablotska, Garrett Prestage, Jeffrey Grierson, Rachel Thorpe, et al. "Trends in antiretroviral treatment use and treatment response in three Australian states in the first decade of combination antiretroviral treatment." Sexual Health 5, no. 2 (2008): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07082.

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Objectives: To determine if there were any differences in antiretroviral treatment (ART) use across the three eastern states of Australia, New South Wales (NSW), Victoria and Queensland, during the period 1997 to 2006. Methods: We used data from a clinic-based cohort, the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD), to determine the proportion of HIV-infected patients on ART in selected clinics in each state and the proportion of treated patients with an undetectable viral load. Data from the national Highly Specialised Drugs program and AHOD were used to estimate total numbers of individuals on ART and the proportion of individuals living with HIV on ART nationally and by state. Data from the HIV Futures Survey and the Gay Community Periodic Survey were used to determine the proportion of community-based men who have sex with men on ART. The proportion of patients with primary HIV infection (PHI) who commenced ART within 1 year of diagnosis was obtained from the Acute Infection and Early Disease Research Program (AIEDRP) CORE01 protocol and Primary HIV and Early Disease Research: Australian Cohort (PHAEDRA) cohorts. Results: We estimated that the numbers of individuals on ART increased from 3181 to 4553 in NSW, 1309 to 1926 in Victoria and 809 to 1615 in Queensland between 2000 and 2006. However, these numbers may reflect a lower proportion of individuals living with HIV on ART in NSW compared with the other states (37% compared with 49 and 55% in 2000). We found similar proportions of HIV-positive men who have sex with men participants were on ART in all three states over the study period in the clinic-based AHOD cohort (81–92%) and two large, community-based surveys in Australia (69–85% and 49–83%). Similar proportions of treated patients had an undetectable viral load across the three states, with a consistently increasing trend over time observed in all states. We found that more PHI patients commenced treatment in the first year following HIV diagnosis in NSW compared with Victoria; however, the sample size was very small. Conclusions: For the most part, patterns of ART use were similar across NSW, Victoria and Queensland using a range of available data from cohort studies, community surveys and national prescription databases in Australia. However, there may be a lower proportion of individuals living with HIV on ART in NSW compared with the other states, and there is some indication of a more aggressive treatment approach with PHI patients in NSW compared with Victoria.

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Bennett, N., C. Boardman, A. Bull, M. Richards, and P. Russo. "Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Smaller Hospitals, Victoria, Australia." American Journal of Infection Control 34, no. 5 (June 2006): E82—E83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2006.05.152.

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Keegel, Tessa, Ollie Black, Ewan MacFarlane, Rwth Stuckey, Anthony LaMontagne, Rosemary Nixon, and Malcolm Sim. "O5B.4 Workers’ compensation claims for occupational contact dermatitis: 20 years of data from victoria, australia." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A44.1—A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.119.

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BackgroundOccupational contact dermatitis is one of the most common occupational diseases, but there is a lack of reliable information on incidence. Despite acknowledged limitations, workers’ compensation statistics may provide insights into contact dermatitis patterns.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to characterise historical patterns of workers’ compensation claims for occupational contact dermatitis.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of workers’ compensation claims for occupational contact dermatitis from 1996–2015 (n=3,348) accepted by WorkSafe Victoria in Victoria, Australia. Accepted claims per 1 00 000 person-years stratified by sex, age and industry were calculated. Denominators for the population at risk were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics using Victorian Labour Force Survey data.ResultsThe compensation claims rate of occupational contact dermatitis was 6.72 per 1 00 000 person-years for the overall twenty-year period. There was a significant reduction in claims from 11.84 in 1996 to 1.78 in 2015. Males had a higher overall claims rate of 7.97 compared to the rate for females of 5.18. Over the twenty-year period the rate for males decreased from 14.46 to 1.7 compared to a reduction from 8.4 to 1.8 for females. This decrease was still observed when the data were standardised for underlying changes in the age structure of the population. There was an overall decline across all high-risk occupational groupsConclusionsThere was a fivefold decrease in accepted claims for occupational contact dermatitis for the twenty-year period from January 1996 to December 2015 for the state of Victoria in Australia. These results need to be regarded with caution as the declining rate of accepted occupational contact dermatitis claims may indicate changes in workplace dermal exposures or improvements in workplace skin protection practices over time, or they may be driven by underlying changes to the workers’ compensation system or changes to claims behaviour amongst workers.

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Marrone, J., C. K. Fairley, M. Saville, C. Bradshaw, F. J. Bowden, B. Donovan, and J. S. Hocking. "31. WHY HAS TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS DECLINED DRAMATICALLY AMONG VICTORIAN WOMEN (1947-2005)?" Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab31.

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Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) diagnosis rates have decreased considerably in some countries during the last two decades. It is unclear why TV has decreased only in some countries. This study investigated the relationships between: 1) TV diagnosis rates among women attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC), and among Pap smears screened by Victorian Cytology Services (VCS); 2) the use of nitroimidazoles in Australia and; 3) gonorrhoea notification data for Victoria to assess changes in sexual behaviour. TV diagnosis rates among women attending MSHC rose from under 5% in the 1940's, to 20% to 30% in the 1960's and then declined 5% to 10% during the 1970's. From 1980 onwards, TV diagnosis rates fell progressively to below 1% by 1991, with 0.1% in 2004. A similar pattern was seen in TV at VCS, but with lower absolute percentages. Metronidazole was introduced into Australia in 1961 and tinidazole in 1976 and by 1987 there were 400 000 nitroimidazole prescriptions per year. Pap smear screening in Victoria began in 1965, only including 20% of women per year (aged 15 to 69) by the mid 1980's. Post 1980's, screening rose until 2000, stabilising at 35% of women per year. Gonorrhoea notification rates peaked during times TV was experiencing its greatest falls. The initial decline of TV seen in Victoria was associated with the introduction of effective antibiotics. The further decline to less than 1% was seen when Pap smear screening participation increased during the 1990's.

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Fehlberg, Trafford, John Rose, Glenn Douglas Guest, and David Watters. "The surgical burden of disease and perioperative mortality in patients admitted to hospitals in Victoria, Australia: a population-level observational study." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 17, 2019): e028671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028671.

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ObjectivesComprehensive reporting of surgical disease burden and outcomes are vital components of resilient health systems but remain under-reported. The primary objective was to identify the Victorian surgical burden of disease necessitating treatment in a hospital or day centre, including a thorough epidemiology of surgical procedures and their respective perioperative mortality rates (POMR).DesignRetrospective population-level observational study.SettingThe study was conducted in Victoria, Australia. Access to data from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset was obtained using the Dr Foster Quality Investigator tool. The study included public and private facilities, including day-case facilities.ParticipantsFrom January 2014 to December 2016, all admissions with an International Statistical Classification of Diseases-10 code matched to the Global Health Estimates (GHE) disease categories were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAdmissions were assigned a primary disease category according to the 23 GHE disease categories. Surgical procedures during hospitalisations were identified using the Australian Refined Diagnosis Related Groups (AR-DRG). POMR were calculated for GHE disease categories and AR-DRG procedures.ResultsA total of 4 865 226 admitted episodes were identified over the 3-year period. 1 715 862 (35.3%) of these required a surgical procedure. The mortality rate for those undergoing a procedure was 0.42%, and 1.47% for those without. The top five procedures performed per GHE category were lens procedures (162 835 cases, POMR 0.001%), caesarean delivery (76 032 cases, POMR 0.01%), abortion with operating room procedure (65 451 cases, POMR 0%), hernia procedures (52 499 cases, POMR 0.05%) and other knee procedures (47 181 cases, POMR 0.004%).ConclusionsConditions requiring surgery were responsible for 35.3% of the hospital admitted disease burden in Victoria, a rate higher than previously published from Sweden, New Zealand and the USA. POMR is comparable to other studies reporting individual procedures and conditions, but has been reported comprehensively across all GHE disease categories for the first time.

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Chen, Ping Hui, and Pau Chung Chen. "Medical Accessibility and Under-reporting of Occupational Diseases: Effect of Travel Distance and Travel Time." Safety and Health at Work 13 (January 2022): S237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.1493.

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Kontareva, V. Yu, and S. N. Belik. "Occupational morbidity and occupational injury in the food industry." Safety of Technogenic and Natural System, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2541-9129-2022-1-32-40.

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Introduction. The article considers the problems of occupational morbidity and occupational injuries in the food industry, including factors and causes that form working conditions that contribute to the occurrence of morbidity and accidents. Problem Statement. The aim of the study is to analyze occupational morbidity and occupational injuries and their causes, as well as to propose corrective or preventive measures aimed at eliminating the causes of accidents, injuries, and the development of occupational diseases. Theoretical Part. As initial information, the statistical reporting data of the Federal State Statistics Service and the materials of domestic and foreign literary sources are given.Conclusions. The results of the work indicate the presence of occupational morbidity and occupational injuries among food workers and the need to introduce and implement a number of measures aimed at improving working conditions and improving safety.

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Hocking, Jane S., Jessika Willis, Sepehr Tabrizi, Christopher K. Fairley, Suzanne M. Garland, and Margaret Hellard. "A chlamydia prevalence survey of young women living in Melbourne, Victoria." Sexual Health 3, no. 4 (2006): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh06033.

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Background: To estimate the population-based chlamydia prevalence among women aged 18 to 35 years living in Melbourne, Victoria, and to assess the feasibility of using mailed urine specimens to test women. Methods: A simple random sample of 11 001 households in Melbourne was selected from the telephone directory. Participants completed telephone interviews and provided urine specimens through the mail for chlamydia testing. Urines were tested using polymerase chain reaction. Results: 11 001 households were contacted, with 1532 households identified as including eligible women; telephone interviews were completed, with 979 women giving a response rate of 64%. Six hundred and fifty-seven women provided a urine specimen with a response rate of 43%. Among sexually active women aged 18–24 years, the chlamydia prevalence was 3.7% (95% CI: 1.2%, 8.4%) and 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0%, 1.1%) among 25–35 year olds. Chlamydia prevalence increased significantly with an increasing number of male sexual partners. Conclusions: This is the first study of its kind in Australia and shows that chlamydia prevalence increases with an increasing number of male sexual partners in the last 12 months. Mailed urine specimens are feasible for conducting population-based chlamydia-prevalence surveys but it is difficult to obtain high response rates with this methodology. Public health resources should now be directed towards investigating how to reach young women at increased risk of infection, ensuring that they are tested for chlamydia.

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Costa, Carol A., Robert M. Castellan, Thomas B. Richards, and Charles D. Yaffe. "Historical perspectives in occupational medicine. Victoria M. Trasko: Champion of state-based surveillance of occupational diseases in the United States, 1937 to 1971." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 22, no. 3 (1992): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700220314.

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Zablotska, Iryna B., Garrett Prestage, Andrew E. Grulich, and John Imrie. "Differing trends in sexual risk behaviours in three Australian states: New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland, 1998-2006." Sexual Health 5, no. 2 (2008): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07076.

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Background: In Australia, the HIV epidemic is concentrated among gay men. In recent years, the number of new diagnoses stabilised in New South Wales (NSW), but increased in other states. We reviewed the trends in sexual behaviours to explain this difference. Methods: We used the Gay Community Periodic Surveys in NSW, Victoria and Queensland during 1998–2006 and restricted analyses to the 30–49 year olds who contribute most of the HIV cases. We used the χ2-test for trends in unprotected anal intercourse with casual partners (UAIC) and regular partners, number of partners, type of relationships, knowledge of HIV serostatus and its disclosure. We compared behaviours of HIV-positive and -negative men and men across states using logistic regression adjusted for the year of report. Results: Trends in behaviours differed across the states: following a period of increase, UAIC prevalence declined in NSW since 2001, but continued to increase in Victoria and Queensland. There were other changes in NSW that were not observed in Victoria and Queensland: a decline in factors increasing HIV risk (the proportions of men with multiple sex partners and men engaging in UAIC and not knowing or not disclosing HIV serostatus) and an increase in behaviours reducing it (the proportions of men in monogamous relationships and men disclosing HIV serostatus while having UAIC). Conclusion: There were patterns of declining HIV risk behaviours in NSW, and increasing risk behaviours elsewhere, that mirrored recent changes in HIV case notifications in Australia. These data suggest that behavioural surveillance can predict changes in HIV epidemiology.

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Kong, Fabian Y. S., Jane S. Hocking, Chris Kyle Link, Marcus Y. Chen, and Margaret E. Hellard. "Sex and sport: sexual risk behaviour in young people in rural and regional Victoria." Sexual Health 7, no. 2 (2010): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09071.

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Background: To determine the prevalence of chlamydia and understand sexual risk behaviour in 16–29 year olds in rural Victoria through a chlamydia testing program undertaken at local sporting clubs. Methods: Young people were recruited from the Loddon Mallee region of Victoria, Australia between May and September 2007. After a night of sporting practice, participants provided a first pass urine sample and completed a brief questionnaire about sexual risk behaviour. Those positive for chlamydia were managed by telephone consultation with a practitioner from Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. Results: A total of 709 young people participated (77% male, 23% female) in the study; 77% were sexually active. Overall chlamydia prevalence in sexually active participants was 5.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4–7.3); 7.4% in females (95% CI: 3.5–13.6) and 4.5% in males (95% CI: 2.7–6.9). Approximately 60% of males and 20% of females consumed alcohol at high ‘Risky Single Occasion Drinking’ levels at least weekly and 60% had used an illicit drug in their lifetime. Nearly 45% reported having sex in the past year when they usually wouldn’t have because they were too drunk or high. Sexually transmissible infection (STI) knowledge was generally poor and only 25% used a condom the last time they had sex. Conclusion: Chlamydia prevalence was high in our study population. Many participants had poor knowledge about STIs and low condom use. These findings combined with high levels of risky alcohol use and having sex while intoxicated highlights the need for programs in rural and regional Victoria that combine both STI testing and prevention and education programs.

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Bouvier, B., and J. Octavio. "A model system for reporting communicable diseases to local health agencies." American Journal of Infection Control 16, no. 2 (April 1988): A35—A36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-6553(88)90086-7.

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Nelsing, Suzanne, Thyge L. Nielsen, and Jens Ole Nielsen. "Occupational Blood Exposure among Health Care Workers: I. Frequency and Reporting." Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 25, no. 2 (January 1993): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365549309008484.

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Heidari, Shirin, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Judith D. Auerbach, Simone E. Buitendijk, Pedro Cahn, Mirjam J. Curno, Catherine Hankins, et al. "Gender-sensitive reporting in medical research." Journal of the International AIDS Society 15, no. 1 (January 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2652-15-11.

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Hoare, Alexander, David P. Wilson, David G. Regan, John Kaldor, and Matthew G. Law. "Using mathematical modelling to help explain the differential increase in HIV incidence in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland: importance of other sexually transmissible infections." Sexual Health 5, no. 2 (2008): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh07099.

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Background: Since 1999 there has been an increase in the number of HIV diagnoses in Australia, predominantly among men who have sex with men (MSM), but the magnitude of increase differs between states: ~7% rise in New South Wales, ~96% rise in Victoria, and ~68% rise in Queensland. Methods: Epidemiological, clinical, behavioural and biological data were collated into a mechanistic mathematical model to explore possible reasons for this increase in HIV notifications in MSM. The model was then used to make projections to 2015 under various scenarios. Results: The model suggests that trends in clinical and behavioural parameters, including increases in unprotected anal intercourse, cannot explain the magnitude of the observed rise in HIV notifications, without a substantial increase in a ‘transmission-increasing’ factor. We suggest that a highly plausible biological factor is an increase in the prevalence of other sexually transmissible infections (STI). It was found that New South Wales required an ~2-fold increase in other STI to match the data, Victoria needed an ~11-fold increase, and Queensland required an ~9-fold increase. This is consistent with observed trends in Australia for some STI in recent years. Future projections also indicate that the best way to control the current rise in HIV notifications is to reduce the prevalence of other STI and to promote condom use, testing for HIV, and initiation of early treatment in MSM diagnosed during primary infection. Conclusions: Our model can explain the recent rise in HIV notifications with an increase in the prevalence of other STI. This analysis highlights that further investigation into the causes and impact of other STI is warranted in Australia, particularly in Victoria.

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Cohn, Daniel A., Maureen P. Kelly, Kalpana Bhandari, Kathryn L. Zoerhoff, Wilfrid E. Batcho, François Drabo, Nebiyu Negussu, et al. "Gender equity in mass drug administration for neglected tropical diseases: data from 16 countries." International Health 11, no. 5 (March 8, 2019): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz012.

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Abstract Background Gender equity in global health is a target of the Sustainable Development Goals and a requirement of just societies. Substantial progress has been made towards control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) via mass drug administration (MDA). However, little is known about whether MDA coverage is equitable. This study assesses the availability of gender-disaggregated data and whether systematic gender differences in MDA coverage exist. Methods Coverage data were analyzed for 4784 district-years in 16 countries from 2012 through 2016. The percentage of districts reporting gender-disaggregated data was calculated and male–female coverage compared. Results Reporting of gender-disaggregated coverage data improved from 32% of districts in 2012 to 90% in 2016. In 2016, median female coverage was 85.5% compared with 79.3% for males. Female coverage was higher than male coverage for all diseases. However, within-country differences exist, with 64 (3.3%) districts reporting male coverage >10 percentage points higher than female coverage. Conclusions Reporting of gender-disaggregated data is feasible. And NTD programs consistently achieve at least equal levels of coverage for women. Understanding gendered barriers to MDA for men and women remains a priority.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Occupational diseases Reporting Victoria'

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