Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Occupational and physical'
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1
Gard, Gunvor. "Physical and psychosocial occupational strain." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Hälsa och rehabilitering, 1990. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17034.
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This monography thesis is based on five empirical studies of physical and psychosocial occupational strain in working life. The first three studies concern the working environment of crane couplers. The first study, a questionnaire study, showed that monotonous postures and movements, heavy lifting and long walking distances were common reasons for regarding crane coupling as a physically strenuous work. The second study, a medical study, showed that clinical findings were more prevalent in the right neck- and shoulder region. The third study, an electromyographic study showed that the physical strain in crane coupling can be reduced by using wooden or other light weight spacers, to rearrange the layout so that slinging is always possible or by using slings mode of fibre or other light weight material. This study also indicated that crane coupling work may cause harmful effects to the shoulder- or neck region. The fourth study examined psychosocial strain and qualification in administrative computer work by using questionnaires, interviews and physiological measurements at repeated occasions. The results indicated a good agreement between level of qualification, psychosocial work load and job satisfaction. Computerisation lead to increased qualifications at work. This improved job satisfaction but at the same time resulted in an increased workload. The fifth study concerns how patients visiting primary health care perceive physical and psychosocial occupational strain. It could be shown that the patients perceived physical as well as psychosocial strain as important working environment problemsGodkänd; 1990; 20060928 (andbra)
2
Thompson, Janalee. "Occupational Physical Activity in Sedentary and Active Workers." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10264534.
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With the increasing use of technology in the workplace, many jobs are becoming more sedentary. The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative baseline measure of occupational physical activity (OPA) in active and sedentary workers. Two activity trackers (Fitbit Charge HR™ and Hexoskin) were used to assess activity measures (step count, heart rate and energy expenditure) among workers during their work shift. The first objective of the study was to assess the agreement between two types of accelerometer-based activity trackers as measures of OPA. The second objective of this study was to assess differences in measures of OPA among workers in physically active and sedentary work environments. There was a statistically significant difference in measures of total step counts between the two devices. When comparing active and sedentary workers there were also statistically significant differences in measures of step counts, mean percent heart rate increase, maximum heart rate range and energy expenditure. Conclusion: The Fitbit Charge HR™ and Hexoskin had significant differences in measures of step counts and heart rate. When comparing active and sedentary workers, there were significant differences in measures of step counts, mean heart rate, maximum heart rate range required by job, and energy expenditure. The results of the present study provide quantitative evidence that active workers require greater physiologic demands than sedentary workers.
3
Beck, Annie Q. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FITNESS MEASURES AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICAL ABILITY IN UNIVERSITY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/9.
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Law enforcement on academic campuses can be a physically demanding profession. Law enforcement officers (LEOs) may be required to perform a variety of physical tasks. Identifying which physical fitness characteristics are associated with these tasks will guide the development of appropriate and effective exercise programs. Therefore the purpose of this study was to identify physical fitness and demographic characteristics associated with the occupational physical ability of university LEOs. Sixteen male LEOs (age: 33.1±8.7 yr.; body mass: 87.2±11.2 kg; height: 178.9±7.9 cm) performed an officer physical ability test (OPAT) that simulated a foot chase of a suspect. In addition, the officers completed a battery of physical fitness tests that assessed aerobic and anaerobic capacity, muscular endurance, strength, power, flexibility, agility, and body composition. The OPAT was correlated with agility, upper body muscular endurance and strength, torso endurance, lower body power, aerobic endurance, and relative body composition (p<0.05). In addition, the OPAT was correlated with the following demographic and anthropometric variables: age, work experience, and waist and abdominal circumferences (p<0.05). In conclusion, tactical strength and conditioning professionals must design exercise programs for university LEOs to improve multiple components of physical fitness and focus on weight management.
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Bellner, Anna-Lena. "Professionalization and rehabilitation : the case of Swedish occupational and physical therapists /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1997. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp97/arts166s.htm.
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Gamble, Robert Paul. "The health, physical fitness and occupational demands of Belfast's Ambulance Service." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333812.
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KELLEY, GEORGE. "A PATIENT-CENTERED WORKFLOW AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR OCCUPATIONAL AND PHYSICAL THERAPY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1178052133.
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Lee, Patrick Quinn. "Essays in occupational fitness and absenteeism." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25151.
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Occupational fitness programs have enjoyed enormous popularity over the course of the past decade. Their continuing penetration into all sectors of the business community coupled with the rapid growth of organizations serving professional fitness personnel, suggests that their presence may be permanent.
A major reason for the popularity of occupational fitness programs, is the claim that fitness programs can reduce employee absenteeism. Two important issues at this time are:
(1) the role of physical fitness in mediating sickness absence behavior, and,
(2) the role of participation in occupational fitness programs as a way of enhancing worker attendance motivation.
These issues fit in well with the Steers & Rhodes (1978) Process Model, a conceptual framework which deals with employee absenteeism from the standpoints of ability to attend (ie. high fitness) and motivation to attend (ie. high morale). The Steers & Rhodes theoretical model was chosen as an appropriate vehicle to guide this study. Part I reviewed the claim that physical fitness as a physiological state, is inversely related to sickness absence among employees. The literature review suggested that fit employees would miss fewer days from work than unfit employees. The prediction that physical fitness and sickness absence will be inversely related, formed the core of the hypotheses generated in Part I. In addition, hypotheses were also developed concerning the possible effects of gender, age, length of service and company affiliation.
Correlational analyses were performed on several physiological and absence variables obtained from a sample of employees from the years 1979 through 1984.
Modest but significant inverse correlations were found to exist between MVO₂ and a number of different absence measures. The magnitude of these correlations disappeared in some cases when the groups were controlled for gender.
Significant correlations were also found between variables such as length of service and absence or age and absence. Absence patterns for males and females and management and classified employees also showed significant group differences. These results point to the need to consider these personal and socio cultural variables when attempting to describe any relationships between occupational fitness and absenteeism. Part II chose the Steers & Rhodes concept of motivation to attend. Based on the review of literature, it was expected that participants in the company fitness program would report positive changes in a number of attitudinal and personal variables.
A simple questionnaire was developed to assess this change, and the entire population of a very large (n=1076) corporate fitness program was polled.
Respondents in the main, indicated a significant improvement in their personal perception of a number of different attitudinal variables. The magnitude of this improvement was significantly related to the length of time they have been members of the program and their degree of participation in the programEducation, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
8
Girbig, Maria, Stefanie Deckert, Christian Kopkow, Ute Latza, Madeleine Dulon, Albert Nienhaus, David Groneberg, and Andreas Seidler. "Work-related complaints and diseases of physical therapists – protocol for the establishment of a “Physical Therapist Cohort” (PTC) in Germany." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-147087.
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Background: Only few studies deal with the workload of physical therapists and the health consequences, although this occupational group is quite important for the health care system in many industrialized countries (e.g. ca. 136 000 people are currently employed as physical therapists in Germany). Therefore, the current state of knowledge of work-related diseases and disorders of physical therapists is insufficient. The aim of the "Physical Therapist Cohort" (PTC) study is to analyze the association between work-related exposures and diseases among physical therapists in Germany. This article describes the protocol of the baseline assessment of the PTC study. Methods/Design: A cross-sectional study will be conducted as baseline assessment and will include a representative random sample of approximately 300 physical therapists employed in Germany (exposure group), and a population-based comparison group (n = 300). The comparison group will comprise a sample of working aged (18–65 years) inhabitants of a German city. Variables of interest will be assessed using a questionnaire manual including questions regarding musculoskeletal, dermal, and infectious diseases and disorders as well as psychosocial exposures, diseases and disorders. In addition to subjective measures, a clinical examination will be used to objectify the questionnaire-based results (n = 50). Discussion: The study, which includes extensive data collection, provides a unique opportunity to study the prospective association of work-related exposures and associated complaints of physical therapists. Baseline results will give first clues with regard to whether and how prevalent main exposures of physiotherapeutic work and typical work areas of physical therapists are associated with the development of work-related diseases. Thereby, this baseline assessment provides the basis for further investigations to examine causal relationships in accordance with a longitudinal design.
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Asseraf-Pasin, Liliane. "Mentoring practices in physical and occupational therapy: experiences of Canadian mentors and mentees." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110374.
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The purpose of this study was to (a) gain an understanding of physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) mentoring practices that occur in two large Canadian clinical teaching institutions, (b) understand how novice professionals are integrated into the workplace, and (c) examine the meaning that mentors and mentees attach to their mentoring experiences.The literature demonstrates that formal mentoring outcomes include building research competence (Byme & Keefe, 2002), strengthening personal and professional growth (Connor, Bynoe, Redfem, Pokora, & Clarke, 2000), contributing to an individual's academic career development (Pololi & Knight, 2005) and most importantly, promoting job satisfaction and retention (Smith, McAllister, & Snype-Crawford, 2001; Solomon, Salvatori, & Berry, 2001). The fact that no evidence with regard to physical and occupational therapy workplace mentoring exists inspired this study. This study examined the mentoring practices of five physical therapists and five occupational therapists working in two different university affiliated institutions. Using purposive sampling, six mentors with more than five years of experience, and four mentees with less or equal to one year of experience were recruited. Three in-depth interviews, and a concept mapping exercise followed by debriefing sessions in a focus group format, constituted the primary sources of data. Participants' and researcher's journals, and artifacts, such as memos, photographs, and interviews with four administrators/directors, completed the data collection. QSR Nvivo software was used to store and organize the data. The constant comparison method (Maykut & Morehouse, 1994) was utilized first to analyze the data. Thirty-two interview transcripts (526 pages) were coded to obtain conceptual themes. Categorization of data highlighted similarities and differences. Then, to triangulate the data, four participants' journals and interview and focus group transcripts were analyzed in depth using Lieblich's (1998) holistic-content approach. Using a narrative analysis approach allowed me to connect the data and constant comparison to explore the relationships and patterns across data (Maxwell & Miller, 2008). Narrative summaries were produced to represent a comprehensive view of four mentees and mentors' unique experiences; I used the ghostwriting approach to represent the narratives (Rhodes, 2000). The high expectations placed upon newly graduated professionals (McCloughen & O'Brien, 2005) coupled with the human resources shortage in the fields of PT and OT in Canada, render mentoring an essential element for hiring and retaining healthcare professionals. This study revealed that mentors facilitate the professional rite of practice of novice professionals by guiding them in choosing a profession, learning the ropes, and ultimately integrating them into the workplace. The findings demonstrated that previous clinical placements helped novices adapt to the workplace culture and assisted them with issues of place identity. In addition, this study highlighted the importance mentoring plays in constructing PT and OT professional identity. It showed that mentors and mentees working in complex healthcare settings all struggle, although in different ways, with the high demands of their jobs: However, with mentoring, they find ways to balance work and personal life. Finally, the results showed that the implementation of more formal mentoring programs might facilitate the integration of PT and OT professionals into the workplace, and suggested that institutions need to invest in these programs if they want to improve retention of their healthcare professionals, who are presently in higher demand than the existing supply.Le but de cette étude était de parvenir à une compréhension des pratiques mentorales qui s'exercent en physiothérapie et en ergothérapie dans de grands établissements d'enseignement clinique universitaires canadiens, de comprendre la façon dont les professionnels débutants sont intégrés dans le milieu de travail, et d'examiner la signification que les mentors et mentorés accordent à leurs expériences mentorales. Dans cette étude, les pratiques mentorales de cinq physiothérapeutes et de cinq ergothérapeutes exerçant dans deux milieux universitaires canadiens distincts ont été examinées. Six mentors comptant plus de cinq années d'expérience et quatre mentorés avec un an ou moins d'expérience ont été recrutés en utilisant un échantillonnage de convenance. La réalisation de trois entrevues détaillées et l'élaboration d'une carte conceptuelle suivie de sessions de débreffage sous la forme d'un groupe de discussion ont constitué la principale source de collecte de données. Les journaux de bord des participants et des chercheurs, des artéfacts comme des mémos et des photographies ainsi que des entrevues avec deux administrateurs ont complété cette collecte de données. Le logiciel informatique QSR Nvivo a été utilisé pour enregistrer et organiser les données. La méthode de comparaison constante (Maykut & Morehouse, 1994) a été utilisée, dans un premier temps, pour analyser les données. Le processus de catégorisation des données a permis de mettre en évidence les similitudes et les différences. Par la suite, pour réaliser la triangulation des données, les transcriptions de quatre participants provenant des entrevues et des groupes de discussion concernant leurs cartes conceptuelles, ainsi que de leurs journaux de bord ont été analysés en profondeur à l'aide de l'analyse de contenu holistique de Lieblich (1998). L'utilisation d'une méthode mixte m'a permis dans un premier temps de relier les données et ensuite d'explorer les relations et les tendances qui s'en dégageaient (Maxwell & Miller, 2008). En conséquence, des résumés des narrations ont été produits pour représenter une vue d'ensemble des expériences uniques de quatre professionnels (deux mentors et deux mentorés) à l'aide de la méthode ghostwriting (Rhodes, 2000).Les attentes élevées à l'endroit des professionnels nouvellement diplômés (McCloughen & O'Brien, 2005), combinées à la pénurie de main d'œuvre en physiothérapie et en ergothérapie au Canada, contribuent à faire du processus de mentorat un élément essentiel à l'embauche et à la rétention des professionnels de la santé. Les conclusions de cette étude ont démontré que les mentors facilitent le rituel qui marque le passage des professionnels débutants à la pratique professionnelle en les aidant à choisir une profession, à apprendre les rouages du métier et, en fin de compte, à s'intégrer dans le milieu de travail. Cette étude a souligné l'importance que le mentorat joue dans la construction de l'identité professionnelle des ergothérapeutes et des physiothérapeutes ainsi que dans la facilitation de l'intégration des novices dans le milieu de travail. Enfin, les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que l'implantation de programmes de mentorat plus formels peut aider à consolider la construction de l'identité professionnelle des ergothérapeutes et des physiothérapeutes. Les institutions doivent investir dans des programmes formels de mentorat s'ils veulent améliorer la rétention de leurs professionnels de la santé, ces derniers étant en nombre inférieur à la demande.
10
Richards, Jonathan Michael. "Qualitative analysis of the occupational longevity of a late-career adapted physical educator." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004841.
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Girbig, Maria, Stefanie Deckert, Christian Kopkow, Ute Latza, Madeleine Dulon, Albert Nienhaus, David Groneberg, and Andreas Seidler. "Work-related complaints and diseases of physical therapists – protocol for the establishment of a “Physical Therapist Cohort” (PTC) in Germany." BioMed Central, 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28148.
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Background: Only few studies deal with the workload of physical therapists and the health consequences, although this occupational group is quite important for the health care system in many industrialized countries (e.g. ca. 136 000 people are currently employed as physical therapists in Germany). Therefore, the current state of knowledge of work-related diseases and disorders of physical therapists is insufficient. The aim of the 'Physical Therapist Cohort' (PTC) study is to analyze the association between work-related exposures and diseases among physical therapists in Germany. This article describes the protocol of the baseline assessment of the PTC study. Methods/Design: A cross-sectional study will be conducted as baseline assessment and will include a representative random sample of approximately 300 physical therapists employed in Germany (exposure group), and a population-based comparison group (n = 300). The comparison group will comprise a sample of working aged (18–65 years) inhabitants of a German city. Variables of interest will be assessed using a questionnaire manual including questions regarding musculoskeletal, dermal, and infectious diseases and disorders as well as psychosocial exposures, diseases and disorders. In addition to subjective measures, a clinical examination will be used to objectify the questionnaire-based results (n = 50). Discussion: The study, which includes extensive data collection, provides a unique opportunity to study the prospective association of work-related exposures and associated complaints of physical therapists. Baseline results will give first clues with regard to whether and how prevalent main exposures of physiotherapeutic work and typical work areas of physical therapists are associated with the development of work-related diseases. Thereby, this baseline assessment provides the basis for further investigations to examine causal relationships in accordance with a longitudinal design.
12
Palm, Peter. "Efficient methods for assessment of physical load at work." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Arbets- och miljömedicin, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-278965.
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Andersson, Vilma, and Alma Tidblom. "Being involved in the community: A qualitative study of social inclusion for people with physical disabilities in Mexico." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49147.
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The purpose of this study was to describe participant experiences of how a rehabilitation centre can facilitate social inclusion for people with physical disabilities in Mexico. This research was a qualitative interview study with a semi-structured interview approach. Ten participants were recruited using purposive sampling. The participants were individuals with physical disabilities, including both mobility and visual impairments, who had a connection with the rehabilitation centre. Content analysis was used while examining the collected data. The result consisted of one main category ‘individual experiences of achieving social inclusion’, four categories; ‘being supported by a community’, ‘acceptance of disability’, ‘the centre's work and its effect in the society’ and ‘the importance of work’. Each category contained several sub-categories. In conclusion, the rehabilitation centre facilitates inclusion through work opportunities and the sense of belonging to a community which has a positive impact on persons with a disability. Changing attitudes in the society by raising awareness about disability and generating an acceptance of one’s disabilities were important facilitating factors.
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Roots, Robin Katharine. "Understanding rural rehabilitation practice : perspectives of occupational therapists and physical therapists in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33022.
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Background:
Providing rehabilitation services to meet the needs of rural residents and address poor health outcomes requires overcoming the challenges of geography, limited referral options and a shortage of occupational therapists (OTs) and physical therapists (PTs). However, little is known about how rehabilitation professionals in rural areas enact their practice to meet and overcome these challenges. To address this gap and contribute to enhancing health for rural residents, this research constructed an understanding of rural rehabilitation practice from the perspectives of OTs and PTs in rural British Columbia (BC).
Methods:
This qualitative study employed a purposive sample of OTs and PTs in rural communities (population < 15,000) in northern BC. Potential participants were recruited through a study information mail-out to workplaces and were selected according to inclusion criteria to ensure a variety of work experiences, roles and practice settings. In semi-structured interviews, participants were asked to describe the skills and knowledge they perceived as unique to rural and strategies used to overcome challenges. Guided by interpretive description, transcripts were analysed inductively using broad-level coding and findings collapsed into interpretive categories. Interpretations and implications for education, practice and policy were reviewed with participants to ensure relevancy for rural practice.
Results:
From interviews with 6 OTs and 13 PTs, serving a total of 15 rural communities, rehabilitation practice and participants’ definition of health was understood to be substantially shaped by rurality, or the contextual features of geography, determinants of health and access to services. Participants considered general practice ‘a specialty’ requiring advanced skills in assessment. They described ‘stretching their role’ and ‘participating and partnerships’ as means to overcome resource shortages. Reflective practice, networking and collaboration were deemed essential to maintaining competency. Rural clinical placements, mentoring and improving access to continuing education were regarded as central to recruitment and retention.
Conclusion:
This research illuminates the influence of rurality on the practice of OTs and PTs in rural BC. The findings asserted the importance of incorporating rural content in professional training programs and providing accessible professional development resources to addressing health human resource shortages and meeting the rehabilitation needs of rural residents.
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Andersson, Tobias, and Joel Åstrand. "Development of a motivationaltool used by employees to increasetheir physical activity, improving occupational health." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-375207.
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Worksites, schools, homes and public places continue to be re-engineering to minimize human movement and muscular activity. Consequently, as the human body is built for movement, this entails negative health effects. Could an application be used at worksites to mitigate this problem by motivating employees to increase their physical activity? Described in this thesis is the development of a web application with the goal to increase physical activity among employees at the Betsson office in Stockholm. In order to achieve this, studies were made on how to create engaging and motivating experiences. These included both information gathering at the office, where interviews were held and a survey was issued, and exploring different methods to create engaging experiences, such as gamification. From the data gathered about the target group and from user engagement methods, a concept of an application was envisioned. The application MVP (Minimal Viable Product) was implemented in an agile manner, with the technologies Angular 5 to build the application and front-end, and Firebase to handle the back-end. The application was then tested by the employees at Betsson for four days which was followed by interviews. The participants of the interview were positive towards the application, which indicates that an application can increase the physical activity at worksites. However, as this application is tailored towards Betsson, the results is not necessarily applicable in general.
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MacLean, Fiona. "Framing occupational therapists' knowledge and beliefs of alcohol misuse in physical health care settings." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2016. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7401.
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Background: Research exploring occupational therapists’ knowledge, beliefs and practice associated with alcohol misuse in physical health care settings is scarce, despite the recognition that professionals are likely to work with people who misuse alcohol irrespective of practice context. Furthermore, the relationship between pre-registration occupational therapy education and practice in the area of alcohol misuse is currently poorly understood. Aims: This critical appraisal aims to (a) frame the knowledge gaps and existing knowledge of occupational therapists related to alcohol misuse in physical health care settings, through the findings of five prima facie case papers and; (b) align this framed knowledge to wider professional literature in order to extend professional understanding of the relationship between education and practice, associated with alcohol misuse in physical health care settings. Methodology: A gap analysis approach was selected and modified to provide a way of critically introspecting and occupationally classifying the gaps in, and existing knowledge of, student occupational therapists, practitioners and educators linked to physical health care settings and alcohol misuse, as reported in the five papers. The introspective data linked to gaps and existing knowledge was unified and general inductive qualitative analysis undertaken. One practitioner working in physical assessment for older people in an acute hospital, and one occupational therapy educator provided stakeholder feedback of the tentative themes generated, further refining the analysis of data. Findings: Two themes emerged from the analysis of data; delimiters of professional education and conceptual contradictions. These indicate there is a need to educate ‘educators’ concerning the value of teaching alcohol-related policy as part of educational programmes, and in raising the visibility of alcohol as a topic. Therapists valued the Person Environment Occupation Model (PEO Model), however the essence of ‘transaction’ fundamental to this model, lacks fidelity in practice. Practitioners appear to separate out the entities of person and environment, placing greater emphasis on the observable aspects of the environment rather than the person, to support timely discharge. Thus, current practice in physical health care supports a process of occupational evaporation connected to alcohol misuse. Conclusion: These findings help to inform the future direction of educational and practice developments connected to patients’ alcohol misuse in physical health care settings, and in so doing, advance and re-emphasise the importance of the centrality of occupation to service delivery.
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Ryan, Susan Jennifer. "Instructor competencies required for effective fieldwork supervision of occupational therapy and physical therapy students." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26911.
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The absence of clearly defined competencies to guide the development of educational programs for occupational therapy and physical therapy fieldwork instructors provided the impetus for this research. A primary objective of the study was to identify the competency categories and the competencies which occupational therapy and physical therapy fieldwork instructors, and occupational therapy and physical therapy students perceived to be important in determining the effectiveness of a student's fieldwork experience.
A review of the literature in occupational therapy, physical therapy, and related health professions identified a pool of fieldwork instructor competencies from which 105 competencies were selected for the study questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to 34 occupational therapy and 37 physical therapy students from the University of British Columbia, and to 59 occupational therapy and 76 physical therapy fieldwork instructors in British Columbia. A response rate of 87% was obtained.
Respondents' ratings of importance of the competency categories and of the most important competencies were similar to previous research findings. Communication and supervisory behaviours were rated as most important in contributing to the effectiveness of a student's fieldwork experience. The majority of the competencies which were ranked as most important belonged to these two categories. Consistent with previous research, the professional competence category and the competencies which were assigned to it were deemed least important in contributing to the effectiveness of a student's fieldwork experience.
Group differences in ratings of importance were tested using a factorial design. The two-way and three-way analyses of variance, a multivariate analysis of variance and subsequent multiple comparison tests revealed only one significant main effect. Physical therapy students' ratings of importance differed significantly from the occupational therapy and physical therapy fieldwork instructors (p< .05). While this significant difference was identified from the analysis, examination of the mean ratings of the competencies showed a consistent pattern of low, moderate or high ratings among all of the groups.
Participants in the study confirmed that the competencies included in the questionnaire were important in contributing to the effectiveness of a student's fieldwork experience. However, the literature suggests that the most important outcome will be the use of the competencies to guide the development of standardized educational programs for occupational therapy and physical therapy fieldwork instructors.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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He, Chunhui. "Physical and Psychosocial Demands on Shift Work in Nursing Homes." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378393703.
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Ezzat, Allison Mairi. "Cumulative occupational physical load as a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis in men and women." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43108.
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Objective: To determine the association between cumulative occupational physical load (COPL) to the knee and the presence of symptomatic osteoarthritis (SOA) and magnetic resonance imaging–defined osteoarthritis (MRI-OA).
Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of symptomatic and asymptomatic (n=327) individuals were performed. Inclusion criteria for the symptomatic participants were: 1) having pain, aching, or discomfort in or around the knee on most days of the month at any time in the past; 2) having any pain, aching, or discomfort in or around the knee in the past 12 months. Asymptomatic participants responded “no” to both knee pain questions. COPL was calculated using a self-reported level of activity (five levels) and participation in knee bending/kneeling tasks (three levels) for each occupation held. SOA was defined by the Kellgren Lawrence x-ray grade ≥2, plus the presence of knee pain, as defined by the study inclusion pain criteria. MRI-OA was defined using the criteria specified by Hunter and associates. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted with population weights, were used to examine the associations between COPL (reference group=the lowest COPL quarter) and the presence of SOA and MRI-OA, respectively, after controlling for age, female sex, body mass index, and two-way interactions.
Results: Participants (women=167, men=160) were on average 58.5 (SD=11.0) years old with a BMI of 26.3 (SD=4.7). Of those, 102 (31.2%) participants had SOA. For SOA, a monotonic statistically significant relationship was found between COPL 4 (highest quarter; odds ratio (OR)=8.16; 95% CI=1.89, 35.27) and COPL 3 (OR=5.73; 95% CI=1.36, 24.12) versus COPL 1. For MRI-OA, monotonic and statistically significant associations were found in COPL 4 versus 1 (OR=9.54; 95% CI=2.65, 34.27); COPL 3 versus 1 (OR=9.04; 95% CI=2.65, 30.88); COPL 2 versus 1 (OR=7.18; 95% CI=2.17, 23.70).
Conclusion: COPL is a significant risk factor for knee OA. Dose response relationships between COPL and both SOA and MRI-OA were found. This study provides new insight into the role of occupation in knee OA, although the results should be interpreted cautiously due to limitations associated with the cross-sectional study design.
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Rodriguez-Acosta, Rosa Richardson David Barrie. "Occupational injury and physical assault experience of nurse aides employed at Duke University Health System." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1400.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Epidemiology." Discipline: Epidemiology; Department/School: Public Health.
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Larsson, Lund Maria. "Living with physical disability : experiences of the rehabilitation process, occupations and participation in everyday life." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-317.
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Lutters, Marie-Claire. "Explaining the Occupational Class Gradient in Health Among Swedish Employees: Physical and Psychosocial Work-Related Stressors." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157309.
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The work environment constitutes a key social determinant of health, yet previous research is relatively limited vis-à-vis the contribution of both physical and psychosocial work-related stressors on occupational class differences in health among Swedish employees. This study used cross-sectional data from the Swedish Level of Living Survey 2010 to assess the mediating effect of physical and psychosocial work-related stressors to occupational class differences in physical and mental ill health in Sweden. Disparities between gender were also considered. A sub-sample of 2,624 full- and part-time employed individuals aged 18-65 was analysed using logistic regression. Employees who belonged to higher occupational classes had a lower risk of physical ill health compared to employees from lower occupational classes when age, gender and part-time work is accounted for – but there was no evidence of an occupational class gradient in mental ill health. Similar results were observed among men and women. In line with previous research, differential exposure to physical work-related stressors explained most of the occupational class gradient in physical ill health, yet certain psychosocial work-related stressors were also influential. Future research should further examine what other work-related factors – or social determinants of health – can help explain the association between occupational class and mental health.
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Spielholz, Peregrin. "A comparison of upper extremity physical risk factor measurement methods /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8468.
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Yap, Tracey L. "Examining the Effect that Tailored Messages have on Intentional Physical Activity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1210781441.
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Mar, Therese Frances. "The effects of physical activity and gender on the toxicokinetics of toluene in human volunteers /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8441.
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Miller, Sarah A. "Fostering Organizational Wellbeing: A Longitudinal Examination of Physical and Attitudinal Correlates in Worksite Health Promotion." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/211.
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The current investigation was designed as an evaluation of a worksite health promotion program with the goal of examining its effectiveness in terms of physical and attitudinal changes over the course of a 12-month evaluation. Because of the call for counseling psychologists to examine health through an interdisciplinary lens, the study examined variables from a variety of disciplines including health psychology, vocational psychology, occupational health, and positive psychology. Using a pretest-posttest design, employees completed measures of job satisfaction, career optimism, perceived stress, optimism, absenteeism, and Presenteeism (on the job productivity). In addition, health screening information was compared from the onset to the completion of the evaluation to determine if health factors improved at the organizational level over time. Results indicated that employees did not significantly improve in terms of health indicators (e.g., cholesterol levels, weight loss), levels of job satisfaction, career optimism, or perceived stress. In addition, results revealed no significant relationship between initial optimism levels and either health or psychological outcomes. Potential explanations for the lack of significant results is discussed including the economic climate in which the evaluation occurred, as well as cultural and organizational issues that may have contributed to a lack of improvement in wellness.
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Sénécal, Anne-Marie. "The application of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) for self-management of drooling in children." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110678.
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Only three known studies regarding self-management of drooling were conducted in the past 40 years. This is surprising considering that it is less invasive than medical treatment, and that children with intact cognition should have the potential to learn to manage their saliva. The present study addressed the needs of children (aged five to twelve years old) presenting with a drooling problem for whom no current effective treatment exists, and for whom drooling impacts both self-esteem and social participation. The purpose of this study was to use the structure of the Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach, and to adapt it to help these children better control their saliva. It was hypothesized that CO-OP is effective in reducing drooling during daily living activities for children aged five to twelve years old presenting with a motor impairment in the context of intact cognitive abilities, specifically, that the reduction will occur immediately after the intervention and will be maintained over time. A repeated measures design was used to conduct this study with a sample of eight participants. There were five types of clinical encounters: (1) baseline assessment (2) ten treatment sessions using CO-OP (3) post-intervention re-assessment (4) generalization assessment (5) follow-up assessment three months post-intervention. The results showed evidence of a clinically significant reduction in drooling immediately after the CO-OP intervention (p<0.001) on both the Drooling Impact Scale and the Teacher Drooling Scale. This result was maintained three months post-intervention. There was also evidence of a clinically significant increase of the dryness ratio while performing daily living activities. Although CO-OP intervention showed promising results, more studies with control groups (non-treatment and alternative treatments) are required to further demonstrate its effectiveness for self-management of drooling.Seulement trois études sur les approches d'autogestion du contrôle salivaire ont été effectuées au cours des 40 dernières années, ce qui est surprenant considérant qu'elles sont moins invasives que les approches médicales et que les enfants avec des habiletés cognitives intactes ont le potentiel d'apprendre à gérer leur salive. Cette étude vise à adresser le besoin d'enfants présentant un problème de contrôle salivaire affectant leur estime de soi et leur participation sociale, et pour qui il n'existe actuellement aucun traitement véritablement efficace. Le but de cette étude est d'utiliser et d'adapter la structure de l'approche ''Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance'' (CO-OP) pour aider ces enfants à mieux gérer leur salive. L'hypothèse soulevée est que l'approche CO-OP est efficace, immédiatement après l'intervention, pour diminuer la perte salivaire durant l'accomplissement des activités de la vie quotidienne chez les enfants de cinq à douze ans présentant des difficultés motrices dans le contexte d'habiletés cognitives intactes, et que cette réduction sera maintenue dans le temps. Une étude de mesures répétées a été effectuée auprès de huit participants. Il y avait cinq types de phases cliniques : (1) évaluation initiale (2) dix sessions d'intervention avec CO-OP (3) réévaluation (4) généralisation/visite scolaire (5) suivi après trois mois. Les résultats ont démontré une réduction clinique significative de la perte salivaire immédiatement après l'intervention CO-OP (p<0.001) sur le ''Drooling Impact Scale'' et le ''Teacher Drooling Scale'', ainsi qu'un maintien de cette diminution trois mois après l'intervention. Une augmentation clinique significative du temps passé sans perte salivaire durant l'accomplissement d'activités de la vie quotidienne a également été observée. Les résultats suite à l'intervention CO-OP sont prometteurs. Toutefois, davantage d'études avec de plus gros échantillons et des groupes contrôle (sans traitement et avec traitement alternatif) sont requises pour démontrer son efficacité pour l'autogestion du contrôle salivaire.
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O'Leary, Nicholas. "The influence of occupational socialization on physical education teachers' interpretation and delivery of teaching games for understanding." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.571872.
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Despite sound policy and educative reasons for its adoption, the use of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) (Bunker and Thorpe, 1982, 1986b) amongst Physical Education (PE) teachers remains limited. Previous research has indicated that PE (student) teachers’ past and current experiences influence their interpretation and application of this instructional model. The purposes of this interpretative case study therefore were to (a) examine how PE teachers not formally educated in its use interpreted and delivered TGfU using net games and (b) identify the factors that led to their interpretation and delivery of this model. The participants were three purposefully selected teachers from a Sports Academy in the West Midlands, United Kingdom (UK). Data were collected through formal, stimulated-recall and informal interviews, lesson observation field notes, teacher reflective journals and lesson planners. The theoretical framework used to guide data collection and analysis was occupational socialization¹ (Lawson, 1983a, b). The data was inductively analysed teacher by teacher and then by cross-case analysis (Lincoln and Guba, 1985). Findings showed that the teachers demonstrated differing versions of TGfU based around teaching tactics, techniques and use of social constructivist learning strategies. Themes that influenced the teachers’ interpretations and use of TGfU individually and/or collectively were their knowledge of games; the capabilities and behaviour of their pupils and the influence of past and present colleagues. The original contribution to knowledge of this thesis is that the workplace appears incapable of encouraging the full version of the model to be utilised by teachers not previously educated in its use in the UK, irrespective of the relative simplicity of the game taught and the time frame. It is recommended that teachers receive Continuous Professional Development (CPD) to develop their understanding of the tactical problem-solving nature of games; ensure they have sufficient content knowledge and be able to implement the underpinning learning theory effectively.
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Kant, IJmert. "Evaluation and control of occupational health risks an integrated strategy applied to chemical, physical and ergonomic stressors /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6956.
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Mostert, Frans Frederick. "Occupational stress in a higher education institution / Frans Frederick Mostert." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1397.
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Townsend, Linda Susan. "The relationships between cognitive appraisal, coping and physical functioning in a work hardening population." W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618861.
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This study explored the interactions of cognitive appraisal of pain, cognitive appraisal of function, pain coping strategies and physical functioning in a work hardening population. Using a retrospective design, the medical records of 85 subjects were reviewed for their responses on the following instruments: a 10 cm. Visual Analogue Scale (to measure appraisal of pain), the Spinal Function Sort (to measure appraisal of function); the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (to measure pain coping strategies); a series of objective measures of physical function; and several demographic questions. Pearson product moment correlation and simple regression were used to analyze data. Correlational analyses suggested that a moderate to strong, statistically significant relationship existed between the Spinal Function Sort and most of the objective measures of physical function. The statistically significant, negative relationship between the Coping Strategies Questionnaire's subscale catastrophization was anticipated and supported prior research with this tool. The statistically significant relationships between subjects' appraisals of pain and their functional status were weaker than anticipated and may be attributed to validity problems with the Visual Analogue Scale. Duration since injury as a factor in the maintenance of physical dysfunction was not supported by statistical analyses. The expected positive relationship between the Coping Strategies Questionnaire's coping subscales was not supported by analysis and was consistent with some of the prior research conducted with this instrument. Results from the current study give support to Lazarus' theory of cognitive appraisal as a factor in illness and function.
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Lindegård, Andersson Agneta. "Associations between working techniques, physical loads and psychosocial loads during VDU-work /." Stockholm : Arbetslivsinstitutet, förlagstjänst, 2004. http://ebib.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/ah/2004/ah2004_05.pdf.
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Tilmon-Kellum, Rosemary. "RTK Home Health Service." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10599915.
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Home health care is heavily utilized to assist homebound clientele with a variety of medical needs. Home health services greatest population is the baby boomers. This population has multiple chronic medical problems that requires surgical intervention, disabilities that limit mobility, many suffer from a loss of mental capacities, or they suffer from depression which affects their physical and mental well-being. Because this population will continue to grow over the next several years, there will continue to be a growing need for home health care. RTK Home Health Services proposes to improve the home care delivered to this population by introducing a new psychological concept that is currently helpful in Psychiatry. The goal is to introduce this service during therapy sessions to decrease the emotional perception of pain by meditating. The full name of this service is Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Techniques. It is accomplished by instituting meditation prior to therapy to convince the client to control and manipulate their perception to pain during therapy.
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DiCello, Victoria L. "WILL USING THE WALKSTATION TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AT THE WORKPLACE DECREASE LEISURE TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?" Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1281024868.
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Hed, Ekman Annika. "Effects of an intervention to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary time in workers with neck pain : A randomized controlled study." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbets- och folkhälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21892.
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Background: Chronic neck pain is a problem that may be prevented and treated by physical activity. Little is known about effective interventions to increase physical activity in workers with neck pain. Objective: To evaluate the effects of an intervention aimed at increasing physical activity among workers with chronic neck pain. Design: A 10-week randomized controlled study in a population of 35 (intervention n= 19, control n= 16) workers. Physical activity was assessed using a tri-axial accelerometer pre and post the intervention. Outcomes: Daily steps, metabolic equivalent, proportions of time spent sitting/lying, standing and walking, and sit-to stand transitions. Linear mixed model was used to analyze the intervention effect (group × time) adjusted for the baseline value for each outcome. Results: There was no significant intervention effect on steps, metabolic equivalent, walking or sit-to stand transitions. There were significant intervention effects on decreased time spent sitting/lying (p=0.010) and increased standing (p=0.017). Conclusion: No differences between intervention and control groups were found in parameters of total physical activity. However sedentary time decreased substantially in intervention group and was replaced by standing time. Larger studies using objective assessments of physical activity and sedentary behavior, investigating the effects of changes in PA and sedentary behavior on pain and health outcomes, in a working population with chronic neck pain are recommended.Bakgrund: Kronisk nacksmärta är ett problem som kan vara möjligt att förebygga och behandla med fysisk aktivitet. Det finns begränsad kunskap om effektiva interventioner för att öka fysisk aktivitet hos arbetstagare med nacksmärta. Syfte: Att utvärdera effekten av en intervention riktad mot att öka fysisk aktivitet hos en grupp arbetstagare med kronisk nacksmärta. Design: En 10 veckors randomiserad kontrollerad studie i en population av arbetstagare med kronisk nacksmärta, n= 35 (interventionsgrupp n=19, kontrollgrupp n= 16). Fysisk aktivitet mättes med triaxiell accelerometer före och efter interventionen. Utfallsmått: Antal steg per dag, metabolisk ekvivalent, förändringar i proportionerna mellan tid i sittande/liggande, stående och gående och antal uppresningar från sittande till stående. Resultat: Det fanns ingen signifikant interventionseffekt avseende steg, metabolisk ekvivalent, tid i gående eller antal uppresningar från sittande. Tid i sittande/liggande minskade signifikant (p=0,010) och tid i stående ökade, också signifikant (p=0,017). Slutsats: Det fanns ingen skillnad mellan grupperna i total fysisk aktivitet. Däremot minskade tiden i sittande/liggande markant och ersattes av tid i stående. Större studier med objektiva mätningar av fysisk aktivitet och stillasittande beteende som också undersöker effekter av förändringar i fysisk aktivitet på smärta och hälsovariabler bland arbetstagare med kronisk nacksmärta rekommenderas.
STIMUL
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Li, Chung. "From students to teachers : a longitudinal study of occupational socialisation of pre-service physical education teachers in Hong Kong." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020454/.
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This study is concerned with a qualitative inquiry into how twenty pre-service physical education teachers, who were taking the full-time two-year teacher education programme, became occupationally socialised. The research was pursued along the theoretical lines derived from the interpretive approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, student records in reflective journals and critical incident analysis over four sequential data collection phases. For analysis, pre-service teachers were categorised into five broad groups in accordance with their entry characteristics. Emergent and recurrent themes in terms of what is classified as teacher perspectives were traced: these included pre-training dispositions, orientations, professional conceptions, socialising strategies and sense of agency. The students were found to possess a spectrum of personality types and attitudinal dispositions including defining orientations toward sports coaching, apprehensiveness, teaching affinity, pragmatic considerations, and an easy going style with cognitive and behavioural tendencies ranging from custodial to progressive and from dominant utilitarian to non-dominant liberal respectively. Their professional conceptions of promoting learning for the pupils, bringing fun through games, controlling, maintaining discipline and seeing physical education as cathartic were revealed and submitted to in-depth analysis. The socialising strategies adopted for resolving the dissonance they experienced during the learning-to-teach process included improving their teaching skills, social adaptation and self-defensive mechanisms. While they all anticipated practical experiences to some extent, they attended to the pedagogical contents of the teacher education programme in diverse ways. Their perceptions were transformed to various degrees by the impact of socialising agents including their coaches, tutors, school supporting teachers, and the programme of activities and experiences engendered by the teacher education programme as an organic whole. The findings of the research should provide a better understanding of the development of pre-service physical education teachers in Hong Kong especially in relation to their anticipatory and professional socialisation. The results of the study are critically considered for their potential impact. Accordingly, clear implications are drawn to facilitate the socialisation processes of the pre-service PE teachers through the physical education teacher-training programme.
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Rabbette, Helen Elizabeth. "Perceived roles of occupational therapists, physical therapists, and adapted physical educators on primary intervention components of motor development of children with developmental delays in preschool settings in Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487942476405498.
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Du, Toit Evette. "Physical activity, burnout and ill health status among Dutch Reformed ministers / Evette du Toit." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4354.
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James, Genevieve. "The effect of personalised adjustments to computer workstations on the efficiency and physical comfort of computer operators /." Link to this resource, 2004. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/748/.
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De, Klerk Susanna Magdalena. "Occupational therapy assessment of the upper limb : trends in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86347.
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Thesis (MOccTher)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: This research was conducted to establish the assessment practices of occupational therapists working with clients with upper limb injuries and/or conditions. This was done to get an updated account of frequency and variation in the use of various assessment tools as well as reasons offered for infrequent use. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was used. A convenience sample of therapists attending courses was recruited for the study. A questionnaire was developed for the study and face and content validity established through pilot testing. The questionnaire consisted of three sections containing demographic information and questions about upper limb assessment practices. Descriptive statistics were calculated for numerical and categorical data to describe the demographic characteristics and to identify the measurement tools that were used most frequently. The Chi-Square test of associations was used to determine whether there were any associations between frequency of use and demographic factors. Results: Questionnaires were completed by 81 (71%) respondents. Twenty-two (27.2%) of the respondents had more than five years’ experience in the field of hand therapy while the remainder (n=52, 64.2%) had less than five years. The more experienced therapists worked in the private sector (n=49, 60.5%) with two (0.03%) experienced therapists being employed in the public sector. The diagnoses that were seen most commonly were nerve injuries (90.1%), fractures (88.8%) and tendon injuries (85.1%). Of the 81 respondents 15 (18.5%) held post graduate qualifications in the field of hand therapy. Goniometry (68 of 81, 84.0%), manual muscle testing (62 of 81, 76.5%) and testing for flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis function (61 of 81, 76.3%) were used most frequently. Performance tests were used infrequently or not at all. The most common reasons for non-use of performance tests were that they were not available in the practice setting or respondents were not familiar with them. Significant associations were found between frequency of using measurement tools and practice setting, years of experience and holding a post graduate qualification in the field of hand therapy. There was a significant association between working in the private sector and using a dynamometer (p < 0.001), and working in government settings and frequent use of the test for localisation (p = 0.021). Therapists with more than five years’ experience in the field of hand therapy were significantly more likely to use Semmes Weinstein monofilaments (p = 0.034) as were those holding a post graduate qualification in hand therapy (p <0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study have serious implications in terms of the upper limb assessment practices of occupational therapists, especially in the context of evidence-based practice which has become crucial not only for the credibility of the profession, but also for its survival. Information obtained through this research could aid to guide education and training at an undergraduate and post graduate level and assist to direct a research focus for hand therapy in the South African context.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Hierdie navorsing is uitgevoer om die bepalingspraktyke van arbeidsterapeute wat werk met kliënte met boonste ledemaat beserings en/of toestande vas te stel om sodoende ‘n beeld te verkry van die frekwensie en variasie van die gebruik van bepalingsinstrumente. Redes aangebied vir ongereelde gebruik hiervan is ook ondersoek. Metode: 'n Kwantitatiewe deursnee-opname-ontwerp is gebruik. ’n Gerieflikheidssteekproef van terapeute wat kursusse bygewoon het, is gewerf vir die studie. ‘n Vraelys is ontwikkel vir die studie, en voorkoms- en inhoudsgeldigheid is bepaal deur ‘n loodstudie. Die vraelys het bestaan uit drie afdelings met demografiese inligting en vrae oor boonste ledemaat bepalingspraktyke. Beskrywende statistiek is bereken vir numeriese en kategoriese data ten einde die demografiese eienskappe te beskryf en die bepalingsmetodes wat die meeste gebruik is, te identifiseer. Die Chi-kwadraat toets is gebruik om te bepaal of daar enige assosiasies tussen die frekwensie van gebruik en demografiese faktore bestaan. Resultate: Vraelyste is deur 81 (71%) respondente voltooi. Twee-en-twintig (27,2%) van die respondente het meer as vyf jaar ondervinding in die veld van handterapie gehad, terwyl die res (n = 52, 64.2%) minder as vyf jaar gehad het. Die meer ervare terapeute het gewerk in die privaatsektor (n = 49, 60.5%) met twee (0,03%) ervare terapeute in diens van die staat. Senuweebeserings (90.1%), frakture (88,8%) en tendonbeserings (85.1%) was die meeste gesien. Van die 81 respondente het 15 (18,5%) ‘n nagraadse kwalifikasie in die veld van handterapie gehad. Goniometer (68 van 81, 84.0%), spiertoetsing (62 van 81, 76,5%) en die toetse vir fleksor digitorum profundus en superficialis funksie (61 van 81, 76,3%) is die meeste gebruik. Vaardigheidstoetse is selde of glad nie gebruik nie. Die mees algemene redes aangevoer vir die feit dat vaardigheidstoetse nie gebruik is nie, was dat dit óf nie beskikbaar is in die respondent se werksarea nie, óf dat respondente nie vertroud is met die toetse nie. Beduidende assosiasies is gevind tussen die frekwensie van die gebruik van bepalingsmetodes en werksarea, jare ervaring in handterapie en 'n nagraadse kwalifikasie in die veld van die handterapie. Daar was 'n beduidende assosiasie tussen terapeute werksaam in privaatpraktyk en die gebruik van 'n dinamometer (p < 0,001) en terapeute werksaam in die staat en gereelde gebruik van die lokalisasie toets (p = 0.021). Terapeute met meer as vyf jaar ondervinding, sowel as diegene met ’n nagraadse kwalifikasie in handterapie was beduidend meer geneig om Semmes Weinstein monofilaments te gebruik (p = 0,034 en p < 0,001 respektiewelik). Gevolgtrekking : Die bevindinge van hierdie studie het ernstige implikasies in terme van die arbeidsterapie bepalingspraktyke van die boonste ledemaat, veral in die konteks van bewys-gebaseerde praktykvoering (evidence based practice) wat noodsaaklik geword het nie net vir die geloofwaardigheid van die beroep nie, maar ook vir die oorlewing daarvan. Inligting wat verkry is deur middel van hierdie navorsing kan help met onderrig en opleiding op 'n voor-en nagraadse vlak. Dit kan ook help om navorsing in handterapie te rig binne die Suid- Afrikaanse konteks.
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Girbig, Maria, Alice Freiberg, Stefanie Deckert, Diana Druschke, Christian Kopkow, Albert Nienhaus, and Andreas Seidler. "Work-related exposures and disorders among physical therapists: experiences and beliefs of professional representatives assessed using a qualitative approach." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-221813.
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Background
According to international study results, physical therapists are afflicted with work-related musculoskeletal, psychosocial and dermal disorders as well as infections. The few existing studies in German-speaking regions focus mainly on dermal and psychosocial exposures and resulting complaints. An overview of all relevant work-related exposures and complaints of physical therapists is currently lacking.
We sought to identify work-related exposures based on the subjective experiences and beliefs of physiotherapeutic representatives, in order to identify relevant work-related complaints and diseases. Likewise we aimed to compare the international evidence with the actual situation of physical therapists in Germany.
Methods
Two complementary qualitative approaches were used: 1) a focus group discussion with representatives of professional physiotherapy associations as well as health and safety stakeholders and 2) qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews incorporating currently employed physical therapists. The group discussion was conducted applying a moderation technique, and interviews were analyzed using the content analysis approach by Mayring.
Results
The focus group discussion with five participants and the 40 semi-structured interviews with physical therapists identified comparable results. The main exposures of physiotherapeutic work were considered to be musculoskeletal (e.g., awkward body postures during treatment, patient transfers, passive mobilization), psychosocial (e.g., statutory audit of prescriptions and the associated conflicts with doctors and health insurance providers) and partly dermal and infectious (e.g., wet work and risk of infection) factors. Diseases of the spine, wrist or finger joints, burnout syndrome and infections were mentioned as possible consequences.
Conclusions
The subjective data generated by both groups (focus group discussion and interviews) were comparable and consistent with the current state of research. The results provide new insight regarding work-related exposures and diseases of physical therapists working in Germany. These findings aided the design of a German-wide representative survey of practicing physical therapists.
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Wahlström, Jens. "Physical load, psychosocial and individual factors in visual display unit work /." Stockholm : Arbetslivsinstitutet, 2003. http://ebib.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/ah/2003/ah2003_10.pdf.
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Grant, Weltha Jane. "An investigation of the potential of mindfulness to promote expert performance in clinical decision making in occupational and physical therapists." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/70599.
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Educational PsychologyPh.D.
Background: In today's health care environment, developing expertise and making good decisions can be challenging when confronted with demands for high performance, high productivity, and low cost. Mindfulness may be a practice that can promote expertise and improve decision making, despite the pressures faced by occupational and physical therapists. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and examine the potential relationships between expertise, mindfulness, and decision making. Methods: Occupational and physical therapists participated in a two-part study that included both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Seventy-five therapists completed a demographic questionnaire, a modified version of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS-M), and the Peer-Rated Expertise in Occupational and Physical Therapy Scale (PREOPT). In the second part of the study, four therapists completed a case study using a think aloud protocol. Their verbalizations were analyzed, using verbal protocol, for trends and patterns that would reveal differences in the therapists' decision making processes. Results: Results of the first part of the study did not reveal a significant relationship between mindfulness, measure by the KIMS-M and expertise, measured by the PREOPT. Qualitative analysis suggests that mindfulness may affect therapists' approaches to decision making but does not indicate that these approaches result in better decision making. Further, the differences were surprising, as they were not consistent with current arguments about the effects of mindfulness. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest a relationship between mindfulness and decision making approaches. However, further research is needed to confirm these observations and explore the nature of this relationship.
Temple University--Theses
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Kazi, A. "Promoting physical activity in the workplace : a stage of change approach." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13404.
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Regular physical activity is associated with improved physiological and psychological wellbeing, by reducing the risk of chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis and depression. There is a common perception that physical activity levels in the population are declining, and one of the biggest changes affecting this is occupational based activity. Since adults spend on average over 50% of their waking hours at work, work sites have the potential to be an important setting for health promotion initiatives. Cognitions and behaviours are key causal factors behind many of today s most widespread health problems and illnesses. The stage of change model has been highlighted as having intuitive appeal because it considers the dynamic nature of attitudes and behaviour change. This thesis is concerned with the application of the stage of change model to an occupational health intervention promoting physical activity. Several research studies were undertaken to explore the experiences of employees with workplace health initiatives and investigate the strategies and practices used by occupational health to promote healthy behaviours. These research studies highlighted the barriers and facilitators to successful health interventions and contributed towards the design, development and implementation of an activity promotion intervention. Additional research was also conducted to develop information materials based on the stage of change model. The stage approach was simplified and intervention materials were classified based on whether employees were thinking about making a change or not thinking about making a change to their activity levels. In order to test the materials, a twelve month intervention was implemented in ten work sites across the UK that were allocated to one of three groups. Two groups received information materials and one group received no information during the intervention period (control group). The difference between the two groups who received information was that one group received standard activity promotion information (standard group) and the second group received tailored information based on their stage of change construct (staged group). Participants in the staged intervention group demonstrated significant decreases in body mass index, fat percentage, waist circumference, blood pressure and resting heart rate following the twelve month intervention. In contrast, reductions were identified for the standard intervention group for waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure. Finally, there were no long-term significant improvements identified for the control group. However, group comparisons revealed there were no significant differences between the intervention conditions. The intervention also recorded self-reported psychological outcomes, which demonstrated variations throughout the intervention period for all groups. The potential reasons for these inconsistent outcomes are discussed. A process evaluation following the intervention demonstrated employees valued the health screenings and identified issues relating to knowledge, behaviour change and health implications that were important outputs of the intervention. Based on these findings, the research concludes there is scope to make physical activity interventions in the workplace more effective by applying the stage of change approach. Using the process of simplifying the stages and focusing on whether employees want to change their behaviours or not allows occupational health to deliver information that could be more meaningful and have a significant impact on behaviour change. By understanding employees readiness to change their activity behaviours and targeting information based on their beliefs, attitudes and intentions to change may produce significant improvements in health outcome measures compared to standard information. The results also suggest there is potential for this type of tailored intervention to be extended to other occupational health issues.
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Daugherty, Matthew Lane. "Small Business Marketing Strategies for Physical Therapy Practice Owners." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6196.
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The United States economy depends on small businesses, which represent 99% of all businesses in the United States, yet approximately 50% of small businesses cease operations in the first 5 years. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the marketing strategies used by owners of small businesses to develop and maintain their organization through the initial 5 years of business operation. The population included 5 physical therapy business owners in northeastern Florida who had sustained their business for a minimum of 5 years. The conceptual framework for this study was the brand equity model, and data were collected through semistructured interviews, online company marketing materials, and archival company documents. Yin's 5-step analysis guided the data analysis process: (a) collecting data, (b) grouping data into codes (c) grouping data into themes (d) assessing the themes, and (e) developing conclusions. Member checking, transcript review, and triangulation were used to validate the study data. The 5 study themes were brand awareness, relationship marketing, perceived quality, social media and online marketing, and word-of-mouth marketing. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential for economic growth in the physical therapy practice market, as well as improved patient access to physical therapy services through a greater number of physical therapy practices.
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Norman, Kerstin. "Call centre work : characteristics, physical, and psychosocial exposure, and health related outcomes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Arbetslivsinstitutet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4705.
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Friedrichs, Monika. "Activity and participation among children with cognitive and physical disabilities in Kenya." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45186.
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Background: The possibility of activity and participation is just as important for a child with physical and cognitive disability as for any other child, but the challenges are more extensive for these children when it comes to participation in activities and taking part in social life. Aim: to describe the staffs perception of schoolchildrens activity and participation in schools for children with cognitive and physical disabilities in Kenya. Dataanalysis: A qualitative method was used with semistructured interviews. A purposive sampling was made to select participants for the study. For the analysis a qualitative contentanalysis was used. Result: Barriers for activity and participation among children with physical and cognitive disabilities in kenya are threats, as dangerous t5raffic, mismanagement and abuse, inaccessibility to school and in schoolbuildings, insufficient support form the gouvernment and community, discrimination and stigmatization from society, poverty and insufficient support from parents. The schools and the teachers are supporting the children in many ways. Conclusion: Measures need to be taken to increase the possibility of activity and participation among children with disabilities in Kenya.Bakgrund: Möjligheten till aktivitet och delaktighet är lika viktig för ett barn med fysisk eller kognitiv funktionsnedsättning som för något annat barn, men utmaningarna är större för dessa barn när det gäller deltagande i aktiviteter och i det sociala livet. Syfte: Att beskriva personalens uppfattning om skolbarns aktivitet och delaktighet i fyra skolor för barn med kognitiva och fysiska funktionsnedsättningar i Kenya. Dataanalys: En kvalitativ metod användes med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Ettavsiktligt urval gjordes för att rekrytera deltagarna till studien. Till dataanlalysen användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Hinder för aktivitet och delaktighet bland barn med fysiska och kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar i Kenya är hot, farlig trafik, sexuella övergrepp och misshandel, otillgänglighet i skolan och skolbyggnader, otillräckligt stöd från regeringen och samhället, fattigdom och otillräckligt stöd från föräldrarna. Skolorna och lärarna stöder barnens aktivitet och delaktighet på många sätt. Slutsats: Åtgärder måste vidtas för att öka möjligheten till aktivitet och delaktighet bland barn med funktionsnedsättning i Kenya.
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Kappler, Rachele Marie. "Changes in physical activity with the use of motivational interviewing in law enforcement officers: a case study." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1492103825352752.
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Moore, Elwood D. "The Relationship between Fitness-Based Incentive Programs and Exercise Adherence in a Corporate Fitness Facility." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MooreED2003.pdf.
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Saari, Anssi Ilmari. "HEART RATE DYNAMICS DURING AND AFTER SIMULATED FIRE GROUND TASKS: EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND TRAINING." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/61.
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Firefighting is a strenuous occupation that increases the risk of cardiovascular events. Greater levels of physical fitness and training improve firefighters’ occupational performance, but little is known whether they are related to lower physiological stress and recovery from fire ground tasks. Heart rate, heart rate recovery and heart rate variability have been used to evaluate physical stress in association with exercise and fire ground tasks. However, there is a paucity of research evaluating the effects of physical fitness and training on heart rate dynamics during a simulated fire ground test (SFGT). Therefore, the primary purposes of this study were to evaluate the relationships between heart rate dynamics during a SFGT and to determine the effects of physical characteristics, fitness and physical training on these measures. The secondary purpose was to assess the relationship between maximal pace SFGT time and heart rate responses from a standardized pace SFGT. This information will help to understand the relationship between occupational performance and level of physical stress associated with work on the fire ground. Twenty-one firefighter academy recruits (Age = 28.4 ± 4.0 yr; Height = 177.1 ± 6.9 cm; Body mass = 88.3 ± 15.4 kg) participated in this cross-sectional and longitudinal study. The subjects completed a battery of physical fitness tests, including a 1.5-mile run, maximal pull-ups, push-ups, sit-ups, and isometric plank hold. In addition, the subjects completed a standardized pace SFGT that consisted of typical fire ground tasks performed in succession, without recovery (i.e., high-rise pack carry, hose drag, equipment carry, ladder raise, forcible entry, search, and victim rescue tasks). Heart rate variability was measured pre- and post-SFGT, and heart rate and 60 s heart rate recovery were measured during and post-SFGT, respectively. After a 10 wk physical training intervention, composed of approximately four physical training sessions per week, the measurements were repeated. A subsample of the original cohort (n = 11) also completed a maximal pace SFGT where their completion time was used as a measure of work capacity. Independent variables for this study included the physical and fitness test measures, physical training and maximal pace SFGT completion time. Dependent variables for this study were mean heart rate reserve during the SFGT (HRRes), difference between resting and mean heart rate during SFGT (HRSFGT-Rest), 60-second heart rate recovery (HRR60), and the difference between resting and post-SFGT root mean square of standard deviation between consecutive heart beats in logarithmic scale (LnRMSSDPost-Rest) measured with standardized pace SFGT. Independent and dependent variables were obtained at baseline and after physical training. Pearson r correlation coefficient was used to evaluate associations between outcome measures. Dependent samples t-test was used to compare differences in outcome measures at baseline and following physical training. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association between independent and dependent variables with standardized pace SFGT at baseline. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between maximal pace SFGT time and outcome measures during the standardized pace SFGT. The level of significance was set as p ≤ 0.05 for all statistical analyses. In the standardized pace SFGT there was a positive correlation between HRSFGT-Rest and HRRes (R = .79, p < .01). LnRMSSDPre-Post was positively correlated with HRRes (R = .47; p < .05) HRSFGT-Rest (R = .70; p = .01) and HRPost-Rest (R = .84; p < .01). There was also a significant inverse correlation between HRPost-Rest and HRR60 (R = -.46; p < .05). Greater height and fat-free mass were favorably associated with HRSFGT-Res (R2 = .57; p = .02), HRRes (R2 = .55; p = .003) and HRPost-Rest (R2 = .59; p = .02). Height was also associated with attenuated depression of LnRMSSDRest-Post. After accounting for the effect of other independent variables in the multiple linear regression models, height was the only significant predictor for HRSFGT-Rest (β = -.90), HRRes (β = -.64), HRPost-Rest (β = -.76) and LnRMSSDRest-Post (β = -.06). A significant decrease in HRRes (80.1 ± 6.7% vs. 76.0 ± 6.7%; p < 0.001) and increase in HRR60 (29.4 ± 8.3 b∙min-1 vs. 37.8 ± 9.0 b∙min-1; p < .001) were observed after the physical training intervention. There was a significant correlation between maximal pace SFGT time and the standardized pace SFGT HRR60 (R = -0.70; p = 0.02), but not with other dependent variables. In summary, these findings indicate that greater cardiovascular demand during fire ground tasks is related to greater physical stress and lower parasympathetic activity during recovery. Greater height and fat-free mass as well as physical training are associated with lower physiological stress and accelerated recovery from fire ground tasks. Support for relationships between work capacity and heart rate dynamics during a standardized submaximal pace SFGT is limited, indicating that independent SFGT conditions may be necessary to provide work capacity and health information, respectively.