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Journal articles on the topic 'Occipital lobe epilepsy – Research'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Kaido, Takanobu, Tohru Hoshida, Toshiaki Taoka, and Toshisuke Sakaki. "Retinotopy with coordinates of lateral occipital cortex in humans." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 1 (July 2004): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.1.0114.

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Object. The lateral occipital cortex in humans is known as the “extrastriate visual cortex.” It is, however, an unexplored field of research, and the anatomical nomenclature for its surface has still not been standardized. This study was designed to investigate whether the lateral occipital cortex in humans has retinotopic representation. Methods. Four right-handed patients with a diagnosis of intractable epilepsy from space-occupying lesions in the occipital lobe or epilepsy originating in the occipital lobe received permanently implanted subdural electrodes. Electrical cortical stimulation was applied directly applied to the brain through metal electrodes by using a biphasic stimulator. The location of each electrode was measured on a lateral skull x-ray study. Each patient considered a whiteboard with vertical and horizontal median lines. The patient was asked to look at the midpoint on the whiteboard. If a visual hallucination or illusion occurred, the patient recorded its outline, shape, color, location, and motion on white paper one tenth the size of, and with vertical and horizontal median lines similar to those on, the whiteboard. Polar angles and eccentricities of the midpoints of the phosphenes from the coordinate origin were measured on the paper. On stimulation of the lateral occipital lobe, 44 phosphenes occurred. All phosphenes were circular or dotted, with a diameter of approximately 1 cm, except one that was like a curtain in the peripheral end of the upper and lower visual fields on stimulation of the parietooccipital region. All phosphenes appeared in the visual field contralateral to the cerebral hemisphere stimulated. On stimulation of the lateral occipital lobe, 22 phosphenes moved centrifugally or toward a horizontal line. From three-dimensional scatterplots and contour maps of the polar angles and eccentricities in relation to the x-ray coordinates of the electrodes, one can infer that the lateral occipital cortex in humans has retinotopic representation. Conclusions. The authors found that phosphenes induced by electrical cortical stimulation of the lateral occipital cortex represent retinotopy. From these results one can assert that visual field representation with retinotopic relation exists in the extrastriate visual cortex.

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Alsemari, Abdulaziz, Faisal Al-Otaibi, Salah Baz, Ibrahim Althubaiti, Hisham Aldhalaan, David MacDonald, Tareq Abalkhail, et al. "Epilepsy Surgery Series: A Study of 502 Consecutive Patients from a Developing Country." Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2014 (January 30, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/286801.

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Purpose. To review the postoperative seizure outcomes of patients that underwent surgery for epilepsy at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (KFSHRC). Methods. A descriptive retrospective study for 502 patients operated on for medically intractable epilepsy between 1998 and 2012. The surgical outcome was measured using the ILAE criteria. Results. The epilepsy surgery outcome for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery (ILAE classes 1, 2, and 3) at 12, 36, and 60 months is 79.6%, 74.2%, and 67%, respectively. The favorable 12- and 36-month outcomes for frontal lobe epilepsy surgery are 62% and 52%, respectively. For both parietal and occipital epilepsy lobe surgeries the 12- and 36-month outcomes are 67%. For multilobar epilepsy surgery, the 12- and 36-month outcomes are 65% and 50%, respectively. The 12- and 36-month outcomes for functional hemispherectomy epilepsy surgery are 64.2% and 63%, respectively. According to histopathology diagnosis, mesiotemporal sclerosis (MTS) and benign CNS tumors had the best favorable outcome after surgery at 1 year (77.27% and 84.3%, resp.,) and 3 years (76% and 75%, resp.,). The least favorable seizure-free outcome after 3 years occurred in cases with dual pathology (66.6%). Thirty-four epilepsy patients with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans were surgically treated. The first- and third-year epilepsy surgery outcome of 17 temporal lobe surgeries were (53%) and (47%) seizure-free, respectively. The first- and third-year epilepsy surgery outcomes of 15 extratemporal epilepsy surgeries were (47%) and (33%) seizure-free. Conclusion. The best outcomes are achieved with temporal epilepsy surgery, mesial temporal sclerosis, and benign CNS tumor. The worst outcomes are from multilobar surgery, dual pathology, and normal MRI.

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Mushehian, Marianna, and Tetyana Litovchenko. "ANALYSIS OF PECULIARITIES OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURES AND STRUCTURAL DAMAGES OF BRAIN IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE." ScienceRise, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001454.

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The aim of the research: epilepsy on the background of ischemic stroke. Studied problem: improve of diagnosis of epilepsy on the background of ischemic stroke by establishing the clinical features of epileptic seizures and by detection of brain structural damages The main scientific results: a cross-sectional randomized cohort comparative study with retrospective and prospective stages was performed in 60 patients (men and women) with ischemic stroke aged 65 [57.0; 74.0] years, in 30 of which epileptic seizures were detected. The predominance of generalized single (66.7±38.5 %) variants was found in the structure of epileptic seizures in patients with acute cerebrovascular pathology. A higher frequency of generalized variants of seizures in patients over 60 years of age (maximum at 61–70 years, at descending – 71–80 years, over 80 years) has been revealed. The descending distribution of localization frequency of brain lesions (detected with MRI, CT) in patients with epileptic seizures after ischemic stroke is as follows: dilation of the subarachnoid space (93.3±24.1 %), dilation of the brain ventricles (83.3±34.0 %), subcortical ganglia (76.7±37.0 %), right hemisphere or temporal lobe (60.0±37.9 %), subcortex (56.7±37.3 %), frontal lobe (50.0±35.4 %), left hemisphere or diffuse-atrophic changes in the cortical region (43.3±32.6 %), temporal lobe (20.0±17.9 %), occipital lobe (16.7±15.2 %). The area of practical use of the research results: clinical medicine, especially neurology. Innovative technological product: methodology of diagnosis of epilepsy on the background of ischemic stroke. Scope of the innovative technological product: the evaluation of seizures and brain’s structural damages in patients with ischemic stroke with the development of epileptic seizures may be a means of improving the diagnosis of epilepsy on the background of cerebrovascular disease.

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Cascino, Gregory D. "Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: More than Hippocampal Pathology." Epilepsy Currents 5, no. 5 (September 2005): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7511.2005.00059.x.

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Voxel-based Morphometry of the Thalamus in Patients with Refractory Medial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Bonilha L, Rorden C, Castellano G, Cendes F, Li LM Neuroimage 2005;25:1016–1021 Previous research has suggested that patients with refractory medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) show gray matter atrophy both within the temporal lobes and in the thalamus. However, these studies have not distinguished between different nuclei within the thalamus. We examined whether thalamic atrophy correlates with the nuclei's connections to other regions in the limbic system. T1-weighted MRI scans were obtained from 49 neurologically healthy control subjects and 43 patients diagnosed with chronic refractory MTLE that was unilateral in origin (as measured by ictal EEG and hippocampal atrophy observed on MRI). Measurements of gray matter concentration (GMC) were made by using automated segmentation algorithms. GMC was analyzed both voxel by voxel (preserving spatial precision) as well as using predefined regions of interest. Voxel-based morphometry revealed intense GMC reduction in the anterior portion relative to posterior thalami. Furthermore, thalamic atrophy was greater ipsilateral to the MTLE origin than on the contralateral side. Here we demonstrate that the thalamic atrophy is most intense in the thalamic nuclei that have strong connections with the limbic hippocampus. This finding suggests that thalamic atrophy reflects this region's anatomic and functional association with the limbic system rather than a general vulnerability to damage. Ipsilateral and Contralateral MRI Volumetric Abnormalities in Chronic Unilateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Their Clinical Correlates Seidenberg M, Kelly KG, Parrish J, Geary E, Dow C, Rutecki P, Hermann B Epilepsia 2005;46:420–430 Purpose To assess the presence, extent, and clinical correlates of quantitative MR volumetric abnormalities in ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus, and temporal and extratemporal lobe regions in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods In total, 34 subjects with unilateral left ( n = 15) or right ( n = 19) TLE were compared with 65 healthy controls. Regions of interest included the ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus as well as temporal, frontal, parietal, and occipital lobe gray and white matter. Clinical markers of neurodevelopmental insult (initial precipitating insult, early age of recurrent seizures) and chronicity of epilepsy (epilepsy duration, estimated number of lifetime generalized seizures) were related to MR volume abnormalities. Results Quantitative MR abnormalities extend beyond the ipsilateral hippocampus and temporal lobe with extratemporal (frontal and parietal lobe) reductions in cerebral white matter, especially ipsilateral but also contralateral to the side of seizure onset. Volumetric abnormalities in ipsilateral hippocampus and bilateral cerebral white matter are associated with factors related to both the onset and the chronicity of the patients’ epilepsy. Conclusions These cross-sectional findings support the view that volumetric abnormalities in chronic TLE are associated with a combination of neurodevelopmental and progressive effects, characterized by a prominent disruption in ipsilateral hippocampus and neural connectivity (i.e., white matter volume loss) that extends beyond the temporal lobe, affecting both ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres. MR Volumetric Analysis of the Piriform Cortex and Cortical Amygdala in Drug-refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Gonçalves Pereira PM, Insaustid R, Artacho-Pérulad E, Salmenperäe T, Kälviäinene R, Pitkänen A AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:319–332 Purpose The assessment of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) traditionally focuses on the hippocampal formation. These patients, however, may have structural abnormalities in other brain areas. Our purpose was to develop a method to measure the combined volume of the human piriform cortex and cortical amygdala (PCA) by using MRI and to investigate PCA atrophy. Methods The definition of anatomic landmarks on MRIs was based on histologic analysis of 23 autopsy control subjects. Thirty-nine adults with chronic TLE and 23 age-matched control subjects were studied. All underwent high-spatial-resolution MRI at 1.5 T, including a tilted T1-weighted 3D dataset. The PCA volumes were compared with the control values and further correlated with hippocampal, amygdale, and entorhinal cortex volumes. Results The normal volume was 530 ± 59 mm3 (422-644) (mean ± 1 SD [range]) on the right and 512 ± 60 mm3 (406-610) on the left PCA (no asymmetry, and no age or sex effect). The intraobserver and interobserver variability were 6% and 8%, respectively. In right TLE patients, the mean right PCA volume was 18% smaller than that in control subjects ( p < 0.001) and 15% smaller than in left TLE ( p < 0.001). In left TLE, the mean left PCA volume was 16% smaller than in control subjects ( p < 0.001) and 19% smaller than in right TLE ( p < 0.001). Overall, 18 (46%) of the 39 patients had a greater than 20% volume reduction in the ipsilateral PCA. Bilateral atrophy was found in 7 (18%) of 39. Patients with hippocampal volumes of at least 2 SDs below the control mean had an 18% reduction in the mean PCA volume compared with patients without hippocampal atrophy ( p < 0.001). Ipsilaterally, hippocampal ( r = 0.756, p < 0.01), amygdaloid ( r = 0.548, p < 0.01), and entorhinal ( r = 0.500, p < 0.01) volumes correlated with the PCA volumes. Conclusions The quantification of PCA volume with MRI showed that the PCA is extensively damaged in chronic TLE patients, particularly in those with hippocampal atrophy.

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5

Destina Yalçin, A., Asuman Kaymaz, and Hulki Forta. "Reflex occipital lobe epilepsy." Seizure 9, no. 6 (September 2000): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/seiz.2000.0424.

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6

Niedermeyer, E., Silvana Riggio, and Margarida Santiago. "Benign occipital lobe epilepsy." Journal of Epilepsy 1, no. 1 (January 1988): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6974(88)80027-6.

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7

Kuzniecky, Ruben. "Symptomatic Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." Epilepsia 39, s4 (April 1998): S24—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998.tb05122.x.

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8

Lutskiy, M. A., M. V. Uvarova, V. P. Savinykh, and V. A. Bykova. "DIAGNOSIS OF OCCIPITAL LOBE EPILEPSY." Epilepsia and paroxyzmal conditions 9, no. 3 (January 1, 2017): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333.2017.9.3.018-021.

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9

Guerrini, Renzo, Charlotte Dravet, Pierre Genton, Michelle Bureau, Paolo Bonanni, Anna Rita Ferrari, and Joseph Roger. "Idiopathic Photosensitive Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." Epilepsia 36, no. 9 (September 1995): 883–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01631.x.

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10

Santangelo, Gabriella, Luigi Trojano, Carmine Vitale, Ilaria Improta, Irma Alineri, Roberta Meo, and Leonilda Bilo. "Cognitive dysfunctions in occipital lobe epilepsy compared to temporal lobe epilepsy." Journal of Neuropsychology 11, no. 2 (September 22, 2015): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jnp.12085.

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Binder, Devin K., Marec Von Lehe, Thomas Kral, Christian G. Bien, Horst Urbach, Johannes Schramm, and Hans Clusmann. "Surgical treatment of occipital lobe epilepsy." Journal of Neurosurgery 109, no. 1 (July 2008): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/109/7/0057.

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Object Occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE) accounts for a small percentage of extratemporal epilepsies and only few and mostly small patient series have been reported. Preoperative findings, surgical strategies, histopathological bases, and postoperative outcomes for OLE remain to be elucidated. Methods A group of 54 patients with occipital lobe involvement were identified from a prospective epilepsy surgery database established in 1989. Medical charts, surgical reports, MR imaging, and histopathology data were reviewed, and patients with additional temporal and/or parietal involvement were categorized separately. Seizure outcome was classified according to the Engel classification scheme (Classes I–IV). Two patients were excluded due to incomplete data sets. Fifty-two patients with intractable epilepsy involving predominantly the occipital lobe were included in the study, comprising 17.8% of 292 patients undergoing operations for extratemporal epilepsies. Results In nearly all cases (50 [96.2%] of 52), a structural lesion was visible on preoperative MR imaging. Of these cases, 29 (55.8%) had “pure” OLE with no temporal or parietal lobe involvement. Most patients (83%) had complex partial seizures, and 60% also had generalized seizures. All patients underwent occipital lesionectomies or topectomies; 9 patients (17.3%) underwent additional multiple subpial transections. Histopathology results revealed 9 cortical dysplasias (17.3%), 9 gangliogliomas (17.3%), 6 other tumors (11.5%), 13 vascular malformations (25%), and 15 glial scars (28.8%). Visual field deficits were present in 36.4% of patients preoperatively, and 42.4% had new or aggravated visual field deficits after surgery. After a mean follow-up of 80 months, 36 patients were seizure free (69.2% Engel Class I), 4 rarely had seizures (7.7% Engel Class II), 8 improved more than 75% (15.4% Engel Class III), and 4 had no significant improvement (7.7% Engel Class IV). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that early age at epilepsy manifestation (p = 0.031) and shorter epilepsy duration (p = 0.004) were predictive of better seizure control. All other clinical and surgical factors were not significant in predicting outcome. Conclusions Occipital lobe epilepsy is an infrequent but significant cause of extratemporal epilepsy. Satisfactory results (Engel Class I or II) were obtained in 77% of patients in our series. Postoperative visual field deficits occurred in a significant proportion of patients. In the modern MR imaging era, lesions should be investigated in patients with OLE and lesionectomies should be performed early for a better outcome.

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Skrijelj, Fadil, and Mersudin Mulic. "Occipital lobe epilepsy or migraine headache." SANAMED 11, no. 3 (2016): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sanamed1603225s.

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Kim, Minkyeong, Song-hwa Chae, Sua Jo, Kyung-Ha Noh, Jae Hwan Choi, and Jae Wook Cho. "Occipital Lobe Epilepsy with Hemicrania Epileptica." Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 34, no. 4 (November 1, 2016): 388–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17340/jkna.2016.4.20.

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Gil–Nagel, A., I. García Morales, A. Jiménez Huete, J. Alvarez Linera, A. Barrio, C. Ruiz Ocaña, and D. G. Muñoz. "Occipital lobe epilepsy secondary to ulegyria." Journal of Neurology 252, no. 10 (April 5, 2005): 1178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-005-0829-5.

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Skrijelj, Fadil Esref, and Mersudin Mulic. "OCCIPITAL LOBE EPILEPSY OR MIGRAINE HEADACHE." SANAMED 11, no. 3 (December 18, 2016): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.24125/sanamed.v11i3.141.

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Doud, Alexander, Anthony Julius, and Christopher B. Ransom. "Visual Phenomena in Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." JAMA Neurology 75, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2144.

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Yilmaz, Kutluhan, and Elif Yüksel Karatoprak. "Epilepsy classification and additional definitions in occipital lobe epilepsy." Epileptic Disorders 17, no. 3 (September 2015): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2015.0767.

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Caraballo, Roberto H., Diego Sakr, Marcela Mozzi, Alberto Guerrero, Javier N. Adi, Ricardo O. Cersósimo, and Natalio Fejerman. "Symptomatic occipital lobe epilepsy following neonatal hypoglycemia." Pediatric Neurology 31, no. 1 (July 2004): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2003.12.008.

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Cienki, John J. "Occipital lobe epilepsy presenting with visual hallucinations." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 31, no. 3 (March 2013): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.11.031.

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Sirsi, Deepa, Srishti Nangia, Padmaja Kandula, Gail E. Solomon, and Murray Engel. "Atypical presentations of idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy." Clinical Neurophysiology 118, no. 7 (July 2007): e188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2007.03.035.

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Sveinbjornsdottir, S., and J. S. Duncan. "Parietal and Occipital Lobe Epilepsy: A Review." Epilepsia 34, no. 3 (May 1993): 493–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02590.x.

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Gulgonen, Sibel, Veysi Demirbilek, Baris Korkmaz, Aysm Dervent, and Brenda D. Townes. "Neuropsychological Functions in Idiopathic Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." Epilepsia 41, no. 4 (April 2000): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00181.x.

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Plazzi, Giuseppe, Paolo Tinuper, Angelina Cerullo, Federica Provini, and Elio Lugaresi. "Occipital Lobe Epilepsy: A Chronic Condition Related to Transient Occipital Lobe Involvement in Eclampsia." Epilepsia 35, no. 3 (May 1994): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02485.x.

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Chholak, Parth, Fatemeh Tabari, and Alexander Pisarchik. "Revealing the neural network underlying covert picture-naming paradigm using magnetoencephalography." Izvestiya VUZ. Applied Nonlinear Dynamics 30, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-1-76-95.

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The ability to name trivial everyday objects is a key cognitive function that is tested after head injuries or brain surgeries. Although quite a lot of long-standing knowledge on this topic has accumulated over the past few decades and many theoretical models have been created, the underlying neural substrate and brain functioning are still not fully aligned. As far as we know, there have been no studies on this topic using magnetoencephalography (MEG), which allows recording electrophysiological activity with a high temporal resolution. Therefore, to study the underlying spatio-temporal brain activations during the sensory and semantic processing of object naming, we conducted MEG experiments with 15 subjects grouped into three equal-sized groups with different types of language training and skills. Using boundary element methods for modelling cortical surfaces and dynamic statistical parametric mapping to solve the inverse problem, we reconstructed the cortical source activity from the recorded MEG data. The reconstructed cortical maps showed a homogeneous brain response in all three groups at the sensory processing stage, while the responses between the three groups at the semantic processing stage were different. In addition, average time courses were constructed for key brain regions such as the lateral occipital cortex (LO), fusiform gyrus (FG), Broca’s area (BA), and Wernicke’s area (WA). The obtained results assume unimodal forms for LO and WA time series, and bimodal forms for FG and BA. The only LO curve peak and the first FG peak resided in the time interval for the sensory processing stage, whereas, the only WA peak, the second FG peak and the second BA peak resided in the semantic processing stage. The first BA peak was located at the boundary separating the two stages. In addition to segregating regions involved in sensory and semantic processing, this study confirmed the involvement of FG in object naming (for the first time using MEG) that is at risk of resection during mesial temporal lobe epilepsy interventions. However, the results from this work are preliminary due to the limited sample size, and future research with a larger cohort of subjects are needed to verify/strengthen the findings of this study.

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Kucukyuruk, Baris, Taner Tanriverdi, Buge Oz, Naz Yeni, and Emin Ozyurt. "Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Cause of Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." Sinir Sistemi Cerrahisi Dergisi 4, no. 2 (May 2, 2014): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5222/sscd.2014.082.

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Polat, Muzaffer, Sarenur Gokben, Ayse Tosun, Gul Serdaroglu, and Hasan Tekgul. "Neurocognitive evaluation in children with occipital lobe epilepsy." Seizure 21, no. 4 (May 2012): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2011.12.015.

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Kim, Tae Hyoung, Tae Il Yang, Jae-Wook Cho, Na Yoen Jung, and Kwang Dong Choi. "PO10.4 Symptomatic Occipital Lobe Epilepsy with Atypical Kinetopsia." Clinical Neurophysiology 120 (April 2009): S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60246-7.

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Brown-Vargas, Damaris, and John J. Cienki. "Occipital lobe epilepsy presenting as Charles Bonnet syndrome." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 30, no. 9 (November 2012): 2102.e5–2102.e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.03.008.

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Hout, B. M., W. Meij, G. H. Wieneke, A. C. Huffelen, and O. Nieuwenhuizen. "Seizure Semiology of Occipital Lobe Epilepsy in Children." Epilepsia 38, no. 11 (November 1997): 1188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01215.x.

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Tandon, Nitin, Andreas V. Alexopoulos, Ann Warbel, Imad M. Najm, and William E. Bingaman. "Occipital epilepsy: spatial categorization and surgical management." Journal of Neurosurgery 110, no. 2 (February 2009): 306–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2008.4.17490.

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Object Occipital resections for epilepsy are rare. Reasons for this are the relative infrequency of occipital epilepsy, difficulty in localizing epilepsy originating in the occipital lobe, imprecisely defined seizure outcome in patients treated with focal occipital resections in the MR imaging era, and concerns about producing visual deficits. The impact of lesion location on vision and seizure biology, the management decision-making process, and the outcomes following resection need elaboration. Methods The authors studied 21 consecutive patients who underwent focal occipital resections for epilepsy at Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center over a 13-year period during which MR imaging was used. Demographics, imaging, and data relating to the epilepsy and its surgical management were collected. The collateral sulcus, the border between the medial surface and the lateral convexity, and the inferior temporal sulcus were used to subdivide the occipital lobe into medial, lateral, and basal zones. Lesions that did not involve most or all of the occipital lobe (sublobar) were spatially categorized into these zones. Visual function, semiology, and scalp electroencephalography were evaluated in relation to these spatial categories. Preresection and postresection visual function and seizure frequency were evaluated and compared. Lastly, an exhaustive review and discussion of the published literature on occipital resections for epilepsy was carried out. Results Five lesions were lobar and 16 were sublobar. Patients with medial or lobar lesions had a much greater likelihood of preoperative visual field defects. Those with basal or lateral lesions had a greater likelihood of having a visual aura preceding some or all of their seizures and a trend (not significant) toward having a concordant lateralized onset by scalp electroencephalography. Invasive recordings were used in 8 cases. All patients had lesions (malformations of cortical development, tumors, or gliosis) that were completely resected, as evaluated on postoperative MR imaging. At last follow-up, 17 patients (81%) were seizure free or had only occasional auras (Wieser Class 1 or 2). The remaining 4 patients (19%) had a worthwhile improvement in seizure control (Class 3 or 4). Of the patients for whom both pre- and postoperative visual testing data were available, 50% suffered no new visual deficits, and 17% each developed a new quadrantanopia or a hemianopia. Conclusions Lesional occipital lobe epilepsy can be successfully managed with resection to obtain excellent seizure-free rates. Individually tailored resections (in lateral occipital lesions, for example) may help preserve intact vision in a subset of cases (38% in this series). Invasive recordings may further guide surgical decision-making as delineated by an algorithm generated by the authors. The authors' results suggest that the spatial location of the lesion correlates both with the semiology of the seizure and with the presence of visual deficit.

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Sekhon, G., and D. Muthugovindan. "MELAS presenting as occipital lobe epilepsy: Not all occipital epilepsies are benign." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 21 (June 2017): e97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.04.734.

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Yamamoto, Takahiro, Tadashi Hamasaki, Hideo Nakamura, and Kazumichi Yamada. "Improvement of visual field defects after focal resection for occipital lobe epilepsy: case report." Journal of Neurosurgery 128, no. 3 (March 2018): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.12.jns161820.

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Improvement of visual field defects after surgical treatment for occipital lobe epilepsy is rare. Here, the authors report on a 24-year-old man with a 15-year history of refractory epilepsy that developed after he had undergone an occipital craniotomy to remove a cerebellar astrocytoma at the age of 4. His seizures started with an elementary visual aura, followed by secondary generalized tonic-clonic convulsion. Perimetry revealed left-sided incomplete hemianopia, and MRI showed an old contusion in the right occipital lobe. After evaluation with ictal video-electroencephalography, electrocorticography, and mapping of the visual cortex with subdural electrodes, the patient underwent resection of the scarred tissue, including the epileptic focus at the occipital lobe. After surgery, he became seizure free and his visual field defect improved gradually. In addition, postoperative 123I-iomazenil (IMZ) SPECT showed partly normalized IMZ uptake in the visual cortex. This case is a practical example suggesting that neurological deficits attributable to the functional deficit zone can be remedied by successful focal resection.

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Wang, Shuang, Lingli Hu, Fang Ding, and Shan Wang. "MRI-Negative Occipital Lobe Epilepsy Presenting as Gelastic Seizures." Neurology India 69, no. 6 (2021): 1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.333525.

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Traianou, Aikaterini, Panayiotis Patrikelis, Mary H. Kosmidis, Vasilios Κ. Kimiskidis, and Stylianos Gatzonis. "The neuropsychological profile of parietal and occipital lobe epilepsy." Epilepsy & Behavior 94 (May 2019): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.02.021.

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35

Oehl, Bernhard, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Michael Lanz, Armin Brandt, and Dirk-Matthias Altenmüller. "Occipital lobe epilepsy with fear as leading ictal symptom." Epilepsy & Behavior 23, no. 3 (March 2012): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.12.014.

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Jobst, Barbara C., Peter D. Williamson, Vijay M. Thadani, Karen L. Gilbert, Gregory L. Holmes, Richard P. Morse, Terrance M. Darcey, Ann-Christine Duhaime, Krysztof A. Bujarski, and David W. Roberts. "Intractable occipital lobe epilepsy: Clinical characteristics and surgical treatment." Epilepsia 51, no. 11 (October 26, 2010): 2334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02673.x.

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Aykut-Bingol, Canan, Richard A. Bronen, Jung H. Kim, Dennis D. Spencer, and Susan S. Spencer. "Surgical outcome in occipital lobe epilepsy: Implications for pathophysiology." Annals of Neurology 44, no. 1 (July 1998): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410440112.

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Ito, Masumi, Fumihiro Nakamura, Hiroshi Honma, Youji Takeda, Riko Kobayashi, Tamaki Miyamoto, and Tsukasa Koyama. "A comparison of post-ictal headache between patients with occipital lobe epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy." Seizure 8, no. 6 (September 1999): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/seiz.1999.0308.

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39

Taylor, I. "Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy: is there overlap?" Brain 127, no. 8 (June 16, 2004): 1878–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh211.

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Lyu, Yan-En, Xiao-Fei Xu, Shuang Dai, Min Feng, Shao-Ping Shen, Guo-Zhen Zhang, Hong-Yan Ju, Yao Wang, Xiao-Bo Dong, and Bin Xu. "Resection of bilateral occipital lobe lesions during a single operation as a treatment for bilateral occipital lobe epilepsy." World Journal of Clinical Cases 9, no. 34 (December 6, 2021): 10518–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10518.

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Heo, Won, June Sic Kim, Chun Kee Chung, and Sang Kun Lee. "Relationship between cortical resection and visual function after occipital lobe epilepsy surgery." Journal of Neurosurgery 129, no. 2 (August 2018): 524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.5.jns162963.

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Abstract:

OBJECTIVEIn this study, the authors investigated long-term clinical and visual outcomes of patients after occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE) surgery and analyzed the relationship between visual cortical resection and visual function after OLE surgery.METHODSA total of 42 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with OLE and underwent occipital lobe resection between June 1995 and November 2013 were included. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological data were reviewed retrospectively. Seizure outcomes were categorized according to the Engel classification. Visual function after surgery was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25. The relationship between the resected area of the visual cortex and visual function was demonstrated by multivariate linear regression models.RESULTSAfter a mean follow-up period of 102.2 months, 27 (64.3%) patients were seizure free, and 6 (14.3%) patients had an Engel Class II outcome. Nineteen (57.6%) of 33 patients had a normal visual field or quadrantanopia after surgery (normal and quadrantanopia groups). Patients in the normal and quadrantanopia groups had better vision-related quality of life than those in the hemianopsia group. The resection of lateral occipital areas 1 and 2 of the occipital lobe was significantly associated with difficulties in general vision, peripheral vision, and vision-specific roles. In addition, the resection of intraparietal sulcus 3 or 4 was significantly associated with decreased social functioning.CONCLUSIONSThe authors found a favorable seizure control rate (Engel Class I or II) of 78.6%, and 57.6% of the subjects had good visual function (normal vision or quadrantanopia) after OLE surgery. Lateral occipital cortical resection had a significant effect on visual function despite preservation of the visual field.

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Joswig, Holger, John P. Girvin, Warren T. Blume, Jorge G. Burneo, and David A. Steven. "Awake perimetry testing for occipital epilepsy surgery." Journal of Neurosurgery 129, no. 5 (November 2018): 1195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.6.jns17846.

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In the literature, there are few reports that provide a detailed account on the technique of visual electrocortical stimulation in the setting of resective surgery for occipital epilepsy. In this technical note, the authors describe how a 26-year-old male with long-standing occipital epilepsy underwent resective surgery under awake conditions, using electrocortical stimulation of the occipital lobe, with the aid of a laser pointer and a perimetry chart on a stand within his visual field. The eloquent primary visual cortex was found to overlap with the seizure onset zone that was previously determined with subdural electrodes. A maximum functionally safe resection was performed, rendering the patient seizure free as of his last follow-up at 20 months, with no visual field impairment.

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권지윤, 변정혜, 은백린, Kim, Gun-Ha, and 은소희. "Childhood Idiopathic Occipital Lobe Epilepsy: Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors." Journal of the korean child neurology society 25, no. 3 (September 2017): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26815/jkcns.2017.25.3.121.

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Engelsen, B. A., C. Tzoulis, B. Karlsen, A. Lillebo, L. M. Laegreid, J. Aasly, M. Zeviani, and L. A. Bindoff. "POLG1 mutations cause a syndromic epilepsy with occipital lobe predilection." Brain 131, no. 3 (February 7, 2008): 818–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awn007.

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Kohsaka, Masako, Noriko Fukuda, Tetsuo Sumi, Naofumi Kajii, Shinobu Kohsaka, and Toshio Yamauchi. "Time Series Analysis of Epileptiform Discharges in Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 41, no. 3 (September 1987): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1987.tb01767.x.

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Hattori, Hideji, Osamu Matsuoka, Hiroshi Ishida, Saeri Hisatsune, and Tsunekazu Yamano. "Magnetic resonance imaging in occipital lobe epilepsy with frequent seizures." Pediatric Neurology 28, no. 3 (March 2003): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00615-x.

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Dundar, N. O., N. Karahan, J. Tlirnbull, and B. Minassian. "P18.1 A Lafora Disease Patient: Presented with Occipital Lobe Epilepsy." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 15 (May 2011): S104—S105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1090-3798(11)70361-0.

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Tan, Colin S. H., Kelvin Z. Li, Louis W. Lim, and Ngo Wei Kiong. "Occipital lobe epilepsy presenting with visual hallucinations (Charles Bonnet syndrome)." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 31, no. 3 (March 2013): 624–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.11.032.

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Bidziński, J., T. Bacia, and E. Ruzikowski. "The results of the surgical treatment of occipital lobe epilepsy." Acta Neurochirurgica 114, no. 3-4 (September 1992): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01400600.

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Kwon, Ji Yoon. "Clinical characters and prognostic factors in childhood occipital lobe epilepsy." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 21 (June 2017): e101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.04.745.

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