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Journal articles on the topic 'Obstructive Australia'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Chow, Josephine S. F., Veronica Gonzalez-Arce, Andrew Knight, and Friedbert Kohler. "Retrospective analysis of telemonitoring in Wollondilly, Australia." Journal of Integrated Care 26, no. 2 (April 16, 2018): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-10-2017-0032.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse early findings from telemonitoring data for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, residing in Wollondilly Shire, New South Wales, Australia. The Shire has 19 small scattered and isolated rural communities, which experience undersupply of healthcare providers. Findings are to be used for further research to support wider implementation of telemonitoring by general practitioners (GPs). Design/methodology/approach Local patients with multiple chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospital admissions were allocated home telemonitoring equipment, entering readings according to their GP management plan. Demographic, biometric and self-assessment readings were retrospectively collected, from July 2015 to April 2016. Findings Data for 18 patients aged 44-87, with equal gender representation was analysed. There was a total of 24,545 data points from 2,932 readings. Over half showed high clinical risk; 93 occasions required GP escalation, 23 per cent for respiratory conditions, in 14 patients. Nine were hospitalised, 51 per cent for respiratory conditions. Practical implications Home telemonitoring of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was found to be a promising patient management approach, providing accurate, reliable health indicators. Its use empowered patients to improve symptom control and health outcomes. Originality/value Experience in Australian general practice with telemonitoring is limited. High protocol compliance occurred, risk indicators were obtained and the value of home telemonitoring was confirmed.

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Crockett, Alan J., Josephine M. Cranston, John R. Moss, and John H. Alpers. "Trends in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 161, no. 10 (November 1994): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb127638.x.

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McDonald, Christine F., and Nicholas Glasgow. "The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 198, no. 3 (February 2013): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10031.

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Toelle, Brett G., Rosario D. Ampon, Michael J. Abramson, Alan L. James, Graeme P. Maguire, Richard Wood‐Baker, David P. Johns, and Guy B. Marks. "Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with breathlessness in Australia: weighted using the 2016 Australian census." Internal Medicine Journal 51, no. 5 (May 2021): 784–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.15325.

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Harris, Mark F., Jane Lloyd, Yordanka Krastev, Mahnaz Fanaian, Gawaine Powell Davies, Nick Zwar, and Siaw-Teng Liaw. "Routine use of clinical management guidelines in Australian general practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, no. 1 (2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py12078.

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Significant gaps remain between recommendations of evidence-based guidelines and primary health care practice in Australia. This paper aims to evaluate factors associated with the use of guidelines reported by Australian GPs. Secondary analysis was performed on a survey of primary care practitioners which was conducted by the Commonwealth Fund in 2009: 1016 general practitioners responded in Australia (response rate 52%). Two-thirds of Australian GPs reported that they routinely used evidence-based treatment guidelines for the management of four conditions: diabetes, depression, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension – a higher proportion than in most other countries. Having non-medical staff educating patients about self-management, and a system of GP reminders to provide patients with test results or guideline-based intervention or screening tests, were associated with a higher probability of guidelines use. Older GP age was associated with lower probability of guideline usage. The negative association with age of the doctor may reflect a tendency to rely on experience rather than evidence-based guidelines. The association with greater use of reminders and self-management is consistent with the chronic illness model.

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Islam, M. Rafiqul, and Md Rizwanul Islam. "The Proposed Australia-China FTA: Protectionism over Complementarity?" Legal Issues of Economic Integration 37, Issue 3 (August 1, 2010): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2010016.

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This article deals with the proposed high-profile Australia-China Free Trade Agreement (FTA). It recognizes their economic complementarities for an FTA. However, their negotiations reveal many competing interests, militating against an FTA. If political enthusiasm succeeds in concluding this FTA, it is likely to fall short of delivering the projected economic benefits. This FTA will possibly be an inward looking discriminatory trading arrangement with exclusive preference to each other in selective sectors and protection against non-members, inconsistent with Article XXIV of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Such protectionist obsessions have become an obstructive alternative to multilateral nondiscriminatory trade rendering it more onerous and less viable. Concluding such an FTA, at a time when World Trade Organization (WTO) Panels and Appellate Body (AB) are increasingly dealing with FTA disputes, may result in a legal challenge. The booming Australian and Chinese export sectors need open global markets to maximize their full trade potentials, which can be achieved through the completion of the Doha Round.

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Sossai, Kate, Marion Gray, and Bronwyn Tanner. "Living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: experiences in northern regional Australia." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 18, no. 11 (November 2011): 631–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2011.18.11.631.

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Matheson, M. C., C. Abeysena, J. M. Raven, B. Skoric, D. P. Johns, M. J. Abramson, and E. H. Walters. "How have we been managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia?" Internal Medicine Journal 36, no. 2 (February 2006): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01011.x.

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Khan, Wahaj Anwar A., Russell Conduit, Gerard A. Kennedy, Ahmed Abdullah Alslamah, Mohammad Ahmad Alsuwayeh, and Melinda L. Jackson. "Sleep and Mental Health among Paramedics from Australia and Saudi Arabia: A Comparison Study." Clocks & Sleep 2, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep2020019.

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Paramedics face many challenges while on duty, one of which is working different types of shifts. Shift work has been linked to a number of health issues such as insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Besides shift work, Saudi paramedics, a group that has not been investigated for sleep or mental health issues previously, may be facing more demands than Australian paramedics due to lower numbers of paramedics in comparison to the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders among paramedics in Saudi Arabia and Australia. Paramedics were invited to complete a survey to assess stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, daytime sleepiness, insomnia, sleep quality, shift work disorder, obstructive sleep apnoea, fatigue, and general health. A total of 104 males Saudi paramedics (M age = 32.5 ± 6.1 years) and 83 males paramedics from Australia (M age = 44.1 ± 12.1 years) responded to the survey. Significantly higher rates of depression, PTSD, insomnia, and fatigue, along with significantly poorer physical functioning were observed among Saudi paramedics in comparison with Australian paramedics. However, Australian paramedics reported significantly poorer sleep quality and general health in comparison to Saudi paramedics. After removing the effect of driving and working durations, outcomes were no longer significant. The higher burden of depression and PTSD among Saudi paramedics may be explained by longer hours spent driving and longer work durations reported by this group. Taking into consideration the outcomes reported in this study, more investigations are needed to study their possible effects on paramedics’ cognition, performance, and safety.

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Nisar, Mehwish, Tracy L. Kolbe-Alexander, Nicola W. Burton, and Asaduzzaman Khan. "A Longitudinal Assessment of Risk Factors and Chronic Diseases among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Adults in Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 8621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168621.

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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and trajectories of chronic diseases and risk behaviors in immigrants from high-income countries (HIC), low–middle-income countries (LMIC), to Australian-born people. Data were used from five waves of the HABITAT (2007–2016) study—11,035 adults living in Brisbane, Australia. Chronic diseases included cancer, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Risk factors assessed were body mass index (BMI), insufficient physical activity, and cigarette smoking. Diabetes mellitus increased in all groups, with the highest increase of 33% in LMIC immigrants. The prevalence of cancers increased 19.6% in the Australian-born, 16.6% in HIC immigrants, and 5.1% in LMIC immigrants. The prevalence of asthma increased in HIC immigrants while decreased in the other two groups. Poisson regression showed that LMIC immigrants had 1.12 times higher rates of insufficient physical activity, 0.75 times lower rates of smoking, and 0.77 times lower rates of being overweight than the Australian-born population. HIC immigrants had 0.96 times lower rates of insufficient physical activity and 0.93 times lower rates of overweight than Australian-born. The findings of this study can inform better strategies to reduce health disparities by targeting high-risk cohorts.

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Callander, Emily J., Lisa Corscadden, and Jean-Frederic Levesque. "Out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure and chronic disease – do Australians forgo care because of the cost?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 23, no. 1 (2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py16005.

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Although we do know that out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure is relatively high in Australia, little is known about what health conditions are associated with the highest out-of-pocket expenditure, and whether the cost of healthcare acts as a barrier to care for people with different chronic conditions. Cross-sectional analysis using linear and logistic regression models applied to the Commonwealth Fund international health policy survey of adults aged 18 years and over was conducted in 2013. Adults with asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had 109% higher household out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure than did those with no health condition (95% CI: 50–193%); and adults with depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions had 95% higher household out-of-pocket expenditure (95% CI: 33–187%). People with a chronic condition were also more likely to forego care because of cost. People with depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions had 7.65 times higher odds of skipping healthcare (95% CI: 4.13–14.20), and people with asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had 6.16 times higher odds of skipping healthcare (95% CI: 3.30–11.50) than did people with no health condition. People with chronic health conditions in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland were all significantly less likely to skip healthcare because of cost than were people with a condition in Australia. The out-of-pocket cost of healthcare in Australia acts as a barrier to accessing treatment for people with chronic health conditions, with people with mental health conditions being likely to skip care. Attention should be given to the accessibility and affordability of mental health services in Australia.

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Cousins, Joyce L., Richard Wood-Baker, Peter A. B. Wark, Ian A. Yang, Peter G. Gibson, Anastasia Hutchinson, Dimitar Sajkov, Sarah A. Hiles, Sameh Samuel, and Vanessa M. McDonald. "Management of acute COPD exacerbations in Australia: do we follow the guidelines?" ERJ Open Research 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 00270–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00270-2019.

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ObjectiveWe aimed to assess adherence to the Australian national guideline (COPD-X) against audited practice, and to document the outcomes of patients hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at discharge and 28 days after.MethodsA prospective clinical audit of COPD hospital admission from five tertiary care hospitals in five states of Australia was conducted. Post-discharge follow-up was conducted via telephone to assess for readmission and health status.ResultsThere were 207 admissions for acute exacerbation (171 patients; mean 70.2 years old; 50.3% males). Readmission rates at 28 days were 25.4%, with one (0.6%) death during admission and eight (6.1%) post-discharge within 28 days. Concordance to the COPD-X guidance was variable; 22.7% performed spirometry, 81.1% had blood gases collected when forced expiratory volume in 1 s was <1 L, 99.5% had chest radiography performed, 95.1% were prescribed systemic corticosteroids and 95% were prescribed antibiotic therapy. There were 89.1% given oxygen therapy and 92.6% when arterial oxygen tension was <80 mmHg; 65.6% were given ventilatory assistance when pH was <7.35. Only 32.4% were referred to pulmonary rehabilitation but 76.8% had general practitioner follow-up arranged.ConclusionWhen compared against clinical practice guidelines, we found important gaps in management of patients admitted with COPD throughout tertiary care centres in Australia. Strategies to improve guideline uptake are needed to optimise care.

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Petrie, Kate, Brett G. Toelle, Richard Wood-Baker, Graeme P. Maguire, Alan L. James, Michael Hunter, David P. Johns, Guy B. Marks, Johnson George, and Michael J. Abramson. "Undiagnosed and Misdiagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Data from the BOLD Australia Study." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Volume 16 (February 2021): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/copd.s287172.

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LANTSBERG, Daniel, Yossi MIZRACHI, and Darren KATZ. "Micro-TESE Outcomes for Non-Obstructive Azoospermia — The First Australian Series." Fertility & Reproduction 04, no. 03n04 (September 2022): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740528.

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Background: Micro-dissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) for non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) was shown to achieve the best sperm retrieval rate (SRR) compared to other techniques. However, to date there is no large series of published Australian data. Aim: To study the incidence and predicting factors of successful sperm extraction in men with NOA undergoing micro-TESE in Victoria. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of all consecutive patients with confirmed NOA who were treated between August 2014 and April 2020 in a single medical centre in Melbourne, Victoria. None were excluded. Patients underwent micro-TESE and upon a successful sperm retrieval, sperm was either frozen for fertility preservation or used fresh for ICSI. Results: During the study period, 85 men with NOA underwent micro-TESE in our centre. The overall sperm retrieval rate (SRR) was 61.2% (52/85). All patients with a history of surgically treated cryptorchidism or childhood diseases had a successful sperm retrieval. Patients with Kleinfelter syndrome had a 75% SRR. Patients with Idiopathic NOA and patients with a history of chemotherapy had a 50% and 40% SRR, respectively. Among the different types of testicular pathology, the highest SRR was found in men with complete hyalinization (100%). Hypospermatogenesis was associated with a high SRR of 93.3%, while Sertoli-cell-only histology was associated with only 46.3% SRR. The SRR has significantly increased from 33.3% in 2015-2016 to 73.6% in 2019-2020 (p=0.003). On Multivariate logistic regression analysis, baseline FSH levels <20 IU and history of childhood disease or Klinefelter syndrome were significantly associated with successful sperm retrieval. The cumulative pregnancy rate was 23.7%. Conclusion: This first report from Australia indicates that micro-TESE is an effective method for the treatment of NOA with high SRR and pregnancy rate. Our results can help patient management and counseling.

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Berend, Norbert. "Epidemiological survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in Australia." Respirology 6, s2 (June 2001): S21—S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1843.2001.00308.x.

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ANSARI, Zahid, David DUNT, and Shyamali C. DHARMAGE. "Variations in hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural and urban Victoria, Australia." Respirology 12, no. 6 (November 2007): 874–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01173.x.

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Ta, M., and J. George. "Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia after the publication of national guidelines." Internal Medicine Journal 41, no. 3 (March 2011): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2009.02133.x.

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Walsh, James R., Zoe J. McKeough, Norman R. Morris, and Jenny D. Paratz. "Performance-based criteria are used in participant selection for pulmonary rehabilitation programs." Australian Health Review 37, no. 3 (2013): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah12192.

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Objective To determine the participant entry criteria used by Australian-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs and the factors that influence selection. Methods This cross-sectional observational study invited all program coordinators listed on the Australian Lung Foundation’s pulmonary rehabilitation database in November 2009. Results The response rate was 40.5% (79/195), with 58% of respondents reporting a waiting list. Forty respondents reported prioritising referrals due to: disease severity (75%), requirement for medical procedure (70%), upon medical request (60%) or participant’s likelihood to benefit (55%). Fifty-eight respondents reported using entry criteria to select participants, which was mainly for safety reasons and performance-based expectations. All 58 respondents used at least one exclusion criterion in selecting their participants, compared with only 25 programs using inclusion criteria. Increased demand on individual programs was related to prioritising referrals (P < 0.001) and was reported by 12 programs as a reason for using participant entry criteria. Conclusions Program coordinators commonly prioritise referrals and use participant entry criteria to manage clinical demand with performance-based expectations an important consideration. The inclusion criteria that identify participants more likely to benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation are less commonly used in the performance-based selections. What is known about the topic? Pulmonary rehabilitation is an essential component of chronic lung disease management due to the high-quality evidence demonstrating that these programs can improve participants’ exercise capacity, dyspnea and quality of life. However, access to pulmonary rehabilitation is severely limited in Australia with <1% of individuals with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease able to participate in these programs each year. Prior to the present study it was unknown how Australian pulmonary rehabilitation coordinators manage this demand on their programs. What does this paper add? Program coordinators commonly prioritise referrals and use participant entry criteria to select participants, with performance-based expectations an important consideration. Although higher demand and waiting list pressure appear to influence these performance-based considerations, programs do not report using the existing evidence identifying responders to pulmonary rehabilitation in selecting participants for program inclusion. This finding is a reflection of the inadequate evidence identifying which individuals are more likely to benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation. What are the implications for practitioners? With the current healthcare resources in Australia, pulmonary rehabilitation programs cannot meet the burden of all people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore the selection of participants considered most likely to benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation programs will continue to occur. Better criteria are needed to improve participant selection to ensure timely access to individuals that are most likely to benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation.

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Heraganahally, Subash S., Brinthan Rajaratnam, Sampathawaduge A. A. S. Silva, Nicola Robinson, Victor M. Oguoma, Pyi Naing, Nadarajah Kangaharan, and Marcus Ilton. "Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Cardiac Disease Among Aboriginal Patients in the Northern Territory of Australia." Heart, Lung and Circulation 30, no. 8 (August 2021): 1184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2021.01.007.

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Walters, E. Haydn, Richard Wood‐Baker, David H. Wilson, Graeme Tucker, Robert J. Adams, and Elmer V. Villanueva. "Trends in hospital admissions and mortality from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 188, no. 4 (February 2008): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01603.x.

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Musk, Arthur (Bill), Michael Hunter, Jennie Hui, Matthew W. Knuiman, Mark Divitini, John P. Beilby, and Alan James. "Obstructive airway disease in 46–65‐year‐old people in Busselton, Western Australia, 1966–2015." Medical Journal of Australia 208, no. 5 (March 2018): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00867.

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Morris, Norman R., Kylie Hill, James Walsh, and Surendran Sabapathy. "Exercise & Sports Science Australia (ESSA) position statement on exercise and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 24, no. 1 (January 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.08.007.

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Frith, Peter A., Paul A. Cafarella, and Janice M. Duffy. "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major personal and public health burden in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 32, no. 2 (April 2008): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00190.x.

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Gardner, C., J. M. Rankin, E. Geelhoed, M. Nguyen, M. Newman, D. Cutlip, M. W. Knuiman, T. G. Briffa, M. S. T. Hobbs, and F. M. Sanfilippo. "Evaluation of long-term clinical and health service outcomes following coronary artery revascularisation in Western Australia (WACARP): a population-based cohort study protocol." BMJ Open 4, no. 10 (October 2014): e006337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006337.

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IntroductionCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are procedures commonly performed on patients with significant obstructive coronary artery disease to relieve symptoms of ischaemia, improve survival or both. Although the efficacy of both procedures at the individual level has been established, the impact of advances in coronary artery revascularisation procedures (CARP) on long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness at the population level are yet to be assessed. Our aim is to evaluate a minimum of 6-year outcomes and costs for the total population of patients who had CARP in Western Australia (WA) in 2000–2005.Methods and analysisThis retrospective population cohort study will link clinical and administrative health data for a previously defined cohort including all patients in WA who had a CARP in the period 2000–2005. The cohort consists of 19 014 patients who had 21 175 procedures (15 429 PCI and 5746 CABG). We are now collecting a minimum of 6 years follow-up of morbidity and mortality data for the cohort using the WA Data Linkage System, clinical registries and hospital records, with 12 years follow-up for cases in the year 2000. Comparison of long-term outcomes for different CARP will be reported (PCI vs CABG; bare metal stents vs drug-eluting stents vs CABG). Cost-effectiveness analysis of CARP from the perspective of the healthcare sector will be performed using individual level cost data and average costs from Australian Refined Diagnosis Related Groups.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received ethics approval from the University of Western Australia, the Western Australian Department of Health and all participating hospitals. Being a large population cohort study, approval included a waiver of informed consent. All findings will be presented at local, national and international healthcare/academic conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.

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Le, Thong Q. "Case report of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in brachycephalic dogs from Veterinary Specialist Service Hospital, Australia." Journal of Agriculture and Development 19, no. 03 (June 30, 2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.5.03.2020.

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This report aimed to study symptoms and causes of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in brachycephalic dogs and to determine appropriate surgical procedures for these symptoms by reviewing literatures and examining four case studies conducted at Veterinary Specialist Service Hospital, Underwood, Queensland, Australia. The cases included a 6-year 3-month-old Staffordshire Bull Terrier (case 1), a 1-year 5-month-old French Bulldog (case 2), an 8-month-old French Bulldog (case 3), and an 8-year 8-month Pug (case 4). Those dogs went to the Veterinary Specialist Service in a worsen state of respiratory problems, including the upper respiratory noise (case 1, 2, 3), decrease in exercise tolerance, respiratory struggling (case 1, 3), regurgitation (case 1), coughing, sleeping difficulty, respiratory stridor (case 2), nasal discharge, dyspnea, bloating, and tachypnea (case 4). Examinations revealed the causes including the elongated soft palate (case 1, 2, 3, 4), stenotic nostrils (case 2, 3, 4), tonsils inflammation (case 3) and everted laryngeal saccules (case 4). After surgery, the dogs were recovered in intensive care unit within 2 days, and then discharged. Scheduled re-examination one week later showed improvement in the respiratory health in all cases. Overall, major complications occur in 10% of cases; however, this surgery is vital and can be totally applied in Vietnam where brachycephalic dogs have become a popular companion.

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Heraganahally, Subash S., Sanjiwika L. Wasgewatta, Kelly McNamara, Carla C. Eisemberg, Richard Budd, Sumit Mehra, and Dimitar Sajkov. "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Aboriginal Patients Of The Northern Territory Of Australia: A Landscape Perspective." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Volume 14 (September 2019): 2205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/copd.s213947.

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Crawford, G. B., M. A. Brooksbank, M. Brown, T. A. Burgess, and M. Young. "Unmet needs of people with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recommendations for change in Australia." Internal Medicine Journal 43, no. 2 (February 2013): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02791.x.

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Bereznicki, Bonnie, Haydn Walters, Julia Walters, Gregory Peterson, and Luke Bereznicki. "Initial diagnosis and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia: views from the coal face." Internal Medicine Journal 47, no. 7 (July 2017): 807–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.13418.

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SHI, ZUMIN, ELEONORA DAL GRANDE, ANNE W. TAYLOR, TIFFANY K. GILL, ROBERT ADAMS, and GARY A. WITTERT. "Association between soft drink consumption and asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults in Australia." Respirology 17, no. 2 (January 24, 2012): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02115.x.

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Smith, J. A., B. B. Davis, G. R. Stirling, E. Cooper, G. C. Shardey, J. Goldstein, D. S. Esmore, and J. P. Monagle. "Clinicopathological Correlates of Cardiac Myxomas: A 30-Year Experience." Cardiovascular Surgery 1, no. 4 (August 1993): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099300100419.

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Between 1961 and 1991, 23 patients (eight men and 15 women, with a mean age of 50 (range 25-72) years) with cardiac myxomas were managed at the Alfred Hospital, Prahran, victoria, Australia. Symptoms of mitral valve obstruction were present in 13 patients and of systemic embolism in nine. In the patients, 21 myxomas were confined to the left atrium. In the other two patients, one myxoma was confined to the right atrium and the other was a dumb-bell-shaped biatrial myxoma. Most tumours were diagnosed with echocardiography. Removal was achieved via a median sternotomy and by entering the involved chamber. Those myxomas presenting with systemic embolism were always soft and friable, whereas those with obstructive symptoms were large and of variable consistency. There was one operative death early in the series. The 22 surviving patients have been assessed as functional class 1 of the New York Heart Association at follow-up. ranging from 2 months to 23 years (mean 9 years). There were no episodes of tumour recurrence. Excellent short, intermediate and long-term results can be achieved by excision of cardiac myxomas.

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Ore, Timothy. "Variations in heart failure hospitalisation rates by socioeconomic status, Victoria, Australia." Journal of Epidemiological Research 2, no. 1 (October 15, 2015): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v2n1p47.

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This paper analyses variations in heart failure (HF) hospitalisation rates by community socioeconomic status (SES) in Victoria,from 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2014. The data was taken from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset, the Australian Bureauof Statistics’ Estimated Resident Population and Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage and the Victorian PopulationHealth Survey. There were over 38,000 HF hospitalisations over the period. The age-standardised HF rates per 10,000 populationvaried inversely (r = -0.362, p<.01) with SES across 79 Local Government Areas (LGA). The coefficient of variation for HFhospitalisation rates was 0.35 and 0.14 for all admissions, indicating that HF hospitalisations have a greater variation by LGA.Communities with high HF rates also had high rates of current smokers (r = 0.24), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (r= 0.57), renal failure (r = 0.54), diabetes (r = 0.24), musculoskeletal malignant neoplasms (r = 0.35) and Disability SupportPension recipients (r = 0.38). The average 30-day HF readmission rate was 25.5%, the second highest of all admission categories.The HF readmission rates also varied inversely (r = -0.38, p<.01) with SES. Investigating variations in HF by SES may uncovermodifiable pathways. Given the high readmission rates, comorbidities and population ageing, there is a case for improving healthoutcomes for HF patients.

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Liang, Jenifer, Michael J. Abramson, Nicholas Zwar, Grant Russell, Anne E. Holland, Billie Bonevski, Ajay Mahal, et al. "Interdisciplinary model of care (RADICALS) for early detection and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Australian primary care: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (September 2017): e016985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016985.

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IntroductionUp to half of all smokers develop clinically significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Gaps exist in the implementation and uptake of evidence-based guidelines for managing COPD in primary care. We describe the methodology of a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) evaluating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an interdisciplinary model of care aimed at reducing the burden of smoking and COPD in Australian primary care settings.Methods and analysisA cRCT is being undertaken to evaluate an interdisciplinary model of care (RADICALS — Review of Airway Dysfunction and Interdisciplinary Community-based care of Adult Long-term Smokers). General practice clinics across Melbourne, Australia, are identified and randomised to the intervention group (RADICALS) or usual care. Patients who are current or ex-smokers, of at least 10 pack years, including those with an existing diagnosis of COPD, are being recruited to identify 280 participants with a spirometry-confirmed diagnosis of COPD. Handheld lung function devices are being used to facilitate case-finding. RADICALS includes individualised smoking cessation support, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation and home medicines review. Patients at control group sites receive usual care and Quitline referral, as appropriate. Follow-ups occur at 6 and 12 months from baseline to assess changes in quality of life, abstinence rates, health resource utilisation, symptom severity and lung function. The primary outcome is change in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score of patients with COPD at 6 months from baseline.Ethics and disseminationThis project has been approved by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee and La Trobe University Human Ethics Committee (CF14/1018 – 2014000433). Results of the study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and research conferences. If the intervention is successful, the RADICALS programme could potentially be integrated into general practices across Australia and sustained over time.Trial registration numberACTRN12614001155684; Pre-results.

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Woolfe, Pamela, Margaret McMillan, and Jane Conway. "The Needs of Caregivers of People with COPD: A Study." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 1 (2007): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07004.

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The purpose of this research was to replicate a study undertaken with different cohorts of clients and their caregivers in both Australia and the United States of America (USA). The researcher wanted to establish better local information, through the use of a survey, about the needs of informal caregivers who provide physical and emotional care, rehabilitation and supervision of treatments for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), at home. Contemporary feedback about what caregivers perceive as critical to their ability to provide care in the home environment was identified. Health services, particularly professionals such as nurses within those services, need to respond appropriately to these needs.

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Wilson, David H., Graeme Tucker, Peter Frith, Sarah Appleton, Richard E. Ruffin, and Robert J. Adams. "Trends in hospital admissions and mortality from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia, 1993–2003." Medical Journal of Australia 186, no. 8 (April 2007): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb00974.x.

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Adair, T., D. Hoy, Z. Dettrick, and A. D. Lopez. "100 years of mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Australia: the role of tobacco consumption." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 16, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 1699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.12.0251.

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Essue, Beverley M., Tanisha Jowsey, Yun-Hee Jeon, Masoud Mirzaei, Carmen L. Pearce-Brown, Clive Aspin, and Tim P. Usherwood. "Informal care and the self-management partnership: implications for Australian health policy and practice." Australian Health Review 34, no. 4 (2010): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09795.

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Objective. The Serious and Continuing Illness Policy and Practice Study (SCIPPS) aims to improve the care and support for patients with chronic illness and their family carers. Here we describe the carers’ contribution to the self-management partnership and discuss the policy and practice implications that are relevant to improving the support available for informal care in Australia. Design. A secondary analysis of SCIPPS data. Fourteen carers of patients between 45 and 85 years with chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes were conveniently sampled from western Sydney and the Australian Capital Territory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results. Key roles that carers perform in the self-management partnership included: home helper; lifestyle coach; advocate; technical care manager; and health information interpreter. Two negative consequences of juggling these roles included: self-neglect and conflict. Conclusions. Rigid eligibility criteria limit carers’ access to essential support programs which underestimates and undervalues their contributions to the self-management partnership. Support services should focus on the development of practical skills to perform the caregiving roles. In addition, health professionals require support to work more effectively with carers to minimise the conflict that can overshadow the care and self-management partnership. What is known about the topic? There is a body of research developed both internationally and in Australia that describes the role of family carers in assisting family members with disabilities and other chronic illnesses to maintain independence in the home and community and that deals with the negative implications of caregiving. Much of the existing research is focussed on the roles and responsibilities that family carers perform in order to compensate for their care recipient’s physical and cognitive impairments due to illness. What does this paper add? This paper adds a qualitative exploration of the contribution that family carers make to the self-management partnership with care recipients and health professionals in the home, community and health care settings. It provides additional insights on the exact roles that family carers perform as part of the self-management partnership with care recipients who have chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and complicated diabetes. Furthermore, it offers a detailed discussion of the policy and practice implications of our findings and their relevance to improving the support available for informal care in Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? Carers have a vital role to play in the provision of care and this role is expected to increase in parallel with the rising rates of chronic illness. The paper discusses policy recommendations for improving access, demand and appropriateness of support services for carers providing support for care recipients not traditionally recognised as having a genuine need for care. It also identifies the need for health professionals to work more effectively with family carers by making explicit their expectations of this role in order to minimise conflict in the care partnership.

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&NA;. "The Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and the Australian Lung Foundation have jointly produced guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1382 (April 2003): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200313820-00004.

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Zuo, Yeqin, Bernie Mullen, Rachel Hayhurst, Karen Kaye, Renee Granger, and Jonathan Dartnell. "OP08 Using Real World Data To Support National Postmarketing Surveillance." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318000739.

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Introduction:While medicines and medical tests are developed in a controlled clinical trial environment, postmarketing surveillance in the real world can be challenging. MedicineInsight—a database of longitudinal patient-level clinical information from primary care practices in Australia—is a novel program that collects primary care data to improve postmarketing surveillance at a national level.Methods:MedicineInsight collects de-identified clinical information from primary care practice information systems using data extraction tools. MedicineInsight currently includes 3.6 million regular patients of 3,300 family physicians (general practitioners) from 650 primary care practices across Australia. MedicineInsight data include longitudinal clinical information on diagnosis and medicines (dose, strength, route of administration, medication switches over time, adverse events, and allergies), and pathology testing data. A series of observational studies was developed for postmarketing surveillance of management of a range of health priorities including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, and antibiotics use.Results:Forty-four percent of patients with T2DM in the MedicineInsight database did not have a recorded hemoglobin A1c result and thirty-one percent did not have a recorded blood pressure reading in the previous 6 months. While guidelines recommend a stepwise approach to the initiation of COPD therapy, forty-nine percent of patients with COPD (with or without asthma) were prescribed dual therapy at initiation and a small number (4.5 percent) were prescribed triple therapy. Between 2011 and 2015, the annual rate of antidepressant prescribing per 1,000 family physician encounters increased by eight percent. High volumes of antibiotics were prescribed for respiratory tract infections in Australian primary care, notwithstanding guideline recommendations that antibiotics are not recommended in most cases.Conclusions:Large scale, real-world clinical data from primary care practices can play an important role in postmarketing surveillance at a national level.

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Currow, David C., Miriam J. Johnson, Allan Pollack, Diana H. Ferreira, Slavica Kochovska, Magnus Ekström, and Christopher Harrison. "Breathlessness and opioid prescribing in COPD in general practice: a cross-sectional, observational study." ERJ Open Research 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 00299–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00299-2019.

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Chronic breathlessness is a disabling syndrome, prevalent in people with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Regular, low-dose, oral sustained-release morphine is approved in Australia to reduce symptomatic chronic breathlessness. We aimed to determine the current prescribing patterns of opioids for chronic breathlessness in COPD in Australian general practice and to define any associated patient and practitioner characteristics.Five years (2011 to 2016) of the Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health database, an Australian national, continual, cross-sectional study of clinical care in general practice were used. The database included 100 consecutive clinical encounters from almost 1000 general practitioners annually (n=488 100 encounters). Descriptive analyses with subsequent regression models were generated.Breathlessness as a patient-defined reason for encounter was identified in 621 of 4522 encounters where COPD was managed. Opioids were prescribed in 309 of 4522 encounters where COPD was managed (6.8%; (95% CI) 6.1–7.6), of which only 17 were prescribed for breathlessness, and the rest for other conditions almost entirely related to pain. Patient age (45–64 years versus age 80+ years, OR 1.68; 1.19–2.36), Commonwealth Concession Card holders (OR 1.70; 1.23–2.34) and socioeconomic disadvantage (OR 1.30; 1.01–1.68) were associated with increased likelihood of opioid prescription at COPD encounters. The rate of opioid prescriptions rose over the 5 years of study.In primary care encounters for COPD, opioids were prescribed in 6.8% of cases, but almost never for breathlessness. These data create a baseline against which to compare changes in prescribing as the treatment of chronic breathlessness evolves.

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Cecins, Nola, Elizabeth Geelhoed, and Sue C. Jenkins. "Reduction in hospitalisation following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD." Australian Health Review 32, no. 3 (2008): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080415.

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Objectives: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and reduces health care utilisation. This study quantified outcomes of a PR program over a 6-year period and determined the effects of PR on hospitalisation. Methods: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disesae (COPD) who entered an 8-week outpatient PR program from 1998 to 2003 were included. Functional exercise capacity (6-minute walk distance [6MWD]) and HRQoL (Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire) were measured before and following PR. The number of hospital admissions and total bed-days due to a COPD exacerbation in the 12 months before and following PR were recorded. Setting: Physiotherapy Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Western Australia. Results: 187 (73%) of the 256 patients who entered PR completed the program. Improvements in 6MWD (404.2 �114.6 m to 439.6 �115.0m, P < 0.001) and HRQoL (4.1 �0.9 points per item to 4.9 �0.9 points per item, P < 0.001) occurred following PR. There was a 46% reduction in the number of patients admitted to hospital (71 to 38) with a COPD exacerbation and a 62% reduction in total bed-days (1131 to 432) following PR. Conclusion: Pulmonary rehabilitation provided in an Australian teaching hospital was associated with a reduction in COPD hospitalisation, and the resultant savings outweighed the costs of providing the program.

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Eastwood, P. R., M. Barnes, S. G. MacKay, J. R. Wheatley, R. Lewis, M. C. Campbell, A. C. Jones, et al. "0665 Bilateral Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A253—A254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.661.

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Abstract Introduction Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation (HGNS) decreases obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity by contracting the tongue and decreasing upper airway collapsibility. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of a new implantable device that delivers bilateral HGNS: the Genio™ system. Methods The BLAST OSA study (BiLAteral Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea), was a prospective, open-label, non-randomized, single arm treatment study conducted at eight centres in three countries (Australia, France, UK). Primary outcomes were the incidence of device-related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) and change in the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). The secondary outcome was change in the 4% Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI). Additional outcomes included measures of sleepiness, quality of life, snoring, and device use. Participants were eligible if: 21-75 years old; BMI ≤ 32 kg/m2; obstructive AHI 20-60 events/hr and combined central and mixed AHI < 10 events/hr; no positional OSA; no Complete Concentric Collapse of the soft palate during Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy; and failed to tolerate or accept Positive Airway Pressure treatments. Results 27 participants were implanted (63% male, aged 55.9±12.0 years, BMI 27.4±3.0 kg/m2). 22 completed the protocol. At 6 months, AHI decreased from 23.7±12.2 to 12.9±10.1 events/hr [p<0.001]; and ODI decreased from 19.1±11.2 to 9.8±6.9 events/hr [p<0.001]. Daytime sleepiness (ESS, p=0.011) and sleep-related quality of life (FOSQ-10, p=0.016) both significantly improved. 91% of participants reported using their device >5 days per week, and 77% used it >5 hours per night. The number of bed partners reporting disruptive snoring decreased from 96% to 35%. No device-related SAE occurred. Conclusion In a targeted population of individuals with moderate-to-severe OSA, the Genio system reduced OSA severity and sleepiness, improved quality of life, and was associated with high adherence and an acceptable safety profile. Support This study trial was funded by Nyxoah S.A. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03048604.

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Meuleners, Lynn, Michelle L. Fraser, Matthew H. Govorko, and Mark R. Stevenson. "Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Health-Related Factors, and Long Distance Heavy Vehicle Crashes in Western Australia: A Case Control Study." Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 11, no. 04 (April 15, 2015): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.4594.

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Ivey, Marsha A., Graeme P. Maguire, Brett G. Toelle, Guy B. Marks, Michael J. Abramson, and Richard Wood-Baker. "Characteristics in Stages of Change and Decisional Balance among Smokers: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases (BOLD)-Australia Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 18 (September 12, 2019): 3372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183372.

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Smoking cessation remains a health promotion target. Applying the Transtheoretical Model to Australian Burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases (BOLD) data, we examined differences in stages of change (SoC) and readiness to quit decisional behaviours. Factors were identified likely to influence readiness of smokers, ≥40 years old, to quit. Analysis was restricted to current smokers classified to one of three stages: pre-contemplation (PC), contemplation (C) or preparation (P) to quit. Their ability to balance positive and negative consequences was measured using decisional balance. Among 314 smokers, 43.0% females and 60.8% overweight/obese, the distribution of SoC was: 38.1% PC, 38.3% C and 23.5% P. Overweight/obesity was associated with readiness to quit in stages C and P and there were more negative than positive attitudes towards smoking in those stages. Males were significantly heavier smokers in PC and C stages. Females used smoking cessation medication more frequently in PC stage, were more embarrassed about smoking and had greater negative reinforcements from smoking. Age started smoking and factors related to smoking history were associated with readiness to quit and increased the odds of being in stage C or P. An overweight/obese smoker was likely to be contemplating or preparing to quit. In these stages, smokers have more negative attitudes toward smoking. Starting smoking later, taking advice on cessation from health providers and using quit medications indicate increased readiness to quit. Evaluating these factors in smokers and developing cessation gain-framed messages may prove useful to healthcare providers.

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Reyes-Chicuellar, N., T. Howarth, G. Crossland, H. Patel, and S. Heraganahally. "P095 Clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of Indigenous and non-Indigenous children undergoing adenotonsillectomy with clinically suspected sleep disorders at the Top End Northern Territory of Australia." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2022): A60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.165.

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Abstract Sleep apnoea and poor sleep quality are growing public health issues which may begin in childhood and progress to significant lifelong morbidity. Literature regarding the prevalence of surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) among Indigenous Australian children however is sparse. Children and polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics among children undergoing adenotonsillectomy (AT) for clinically suspected sleep-disordered breathing were assessed in this retrospective study. Paediatric patients Indigenous and non-Indigenous children referred for a diagnostic (PSG) via ENT service at the Top End Northern Territory of Australia for a sleep study between 2016 and 2020 were included. Of the 375 patients referred through an ENT service for a diagnostic PSG, 115 were identified to have undergone an AT and were included. The majority of patients were male (58%) and non-Indigenous (88%), in the normal weight category (64%) with a median age of 4.1 years. The median reported PDSS was 12, and snoring was reported in 77% of patients, with witnessed apnoeas in 31% and excessive daytime sleepiness in 23%. Most patients were identified to have OSA on PSG (65%, median AHI 1.6, 64% mild, 12% moderate, 23% severe). Median sleep efficiency was 85%, with a total sleep time of 520 minutes and WASO of 74 minutes. Total average SpO2 was a median of 93.5% and SpO2 Nadir 85%. We discuss how our findings can translate to future service planning and delivery whilst respecting cultural safety and indigenous group engagement.

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Eastwood, Peter R., Maree Barnes, Stuart G. MacKay, John R. Wheatley, David R. Hillman, Xuân-Lan Nguyên, Richard Lewis, et al. "Bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation for treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnoea." European Respiratory Journal 55, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 1901320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01320-2019.

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Background and aimHypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) decreases obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity via genioglossus muscle activation and decreased upper airway collapsibility. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness at 6 months post-implantation of a novel device delivering bilateral HNS via a small implanted electrode activated by a unit worn externally, to treat OSA: the Genio™ system.MethodsThis prospective, open-label, non-randomised, single-arm treatment study was conducted at eight centres in three countries (Australia, France and the UK). Primary outcomes were incidence of device-related serious adverse events and change in the apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI). The secondary outcome was the change in the 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI). Additional outcomes included measures of sleepiness, quality of life, snoring and device use. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03048604.Results22 out of 27 implanted participants (63% male, aged 55.9±12.0 years, body mass index (BMI) 27.4±3.0 kg·m−2) completed the protocol. At 6 months BMI was unchanged (p=0.85); AHI decreased from 23.7±12.2 to 12.9±10.1 events·h−1, a mean change of 10.8 events·h−1 (p<0.001); and ODI decreased from 19.1±11.2 to 9.8±6.9 events·h−1, a mean change of 9.3 events·h−1 (p<0.001). Daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale; p=0.01) and sleep-related quality of life (Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire-10; p=0.02) both improved significantly. The number of bed partners reporting loud, very intense snoring, or leaving the bedroom due to participant snoring decreased from 96% to 35%. 91% of participants reported device use >5 days per week, and 77% reported use for >5 h per night. No device-related serious adverse events occurred during the 6-month post-implantation period.ConclusionsBilateral HNS using the Genio™ system reduces OSA severity and improves quality of life without device-related complications. The results are comparable with previously published HNS systems despite minimal implanted components and a simple stimulation algorithm.

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Corcoran, Katherine J., Tanisha Jowsey, and Stephen R. Leeder. "One size does not fit all: the different experiences of those with chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Australian Health Review 37, no. 1 (2013): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11092.

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Introduction. The Australian federal government is developing a policy response to chronic disease in Australia. The Serious and Continuing Illness Policy and Practice Study examined the experience of individuals with chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes) in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Western Sydney. This paper describes the disease-specific experiences of people interviewed. Methods. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 40 individuals aged 45–85 years with CHF, COPD or diabetes in 2008. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was performed, assisted by QSR Nvivo 8 qualitative data software. Results. Participants with CHF (n = 9) came to terms with the prospect of unpredictable sudden death. Participants with COPD (n = 15) were angry about limitations it imposed on their lives. Participants with diabetes (n = 16) experienced a steep learning curve in self-management of their condition surrounded by high levels of uncertainty. Conclusion. Although people with chronic illness share many experiences, a person’s overall experience of living with chronic illness is significantly shaped by the nature of their specific dominant disease. Policies for patient-centred care must take account of both generic and disease-specific elements. What is known about the topic? There is a large qualitative literature relating to the disease-specific experiences and needs of individuals with diabetes, and a growing literature on CHF and COPD . However, the extent to which patient experiences and responses are specific to one condition rather than generic to all is not clear. What does this paper add? This study identified that pushing one’s limits is central to the experience of living with COPD; this has not been reported elsewhere but is critical to our understanding of the behaviours and needs of people living with COPD. Such characteristics, when specific to a condition, are reported in this paper. What are the implications for practitioners? Understanding the different experiences associated with specific chronic diseases can enable healthcare services to tailor programs and services to people with those problems. This finding is particularly relevant where interactions are time limited, such as in general practice settings.

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Cohn, Ellen R., and Jana Cason. "Editors' Note." International Journal of Telerehabilitation 6, no. 2 (January 29, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2014.6165.

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The Fall 2014 issue of the International Journal of Telerehabilitation (IJT) contains original research that evaluates the role of teletherapy and online language exercises in the treatment of chronic aphasia; investigates whether improvements are maintained after in-home pulmonary telerehabilitation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and studies the use of in-home telerehabilitation for proximal humerus fractures. Within the context of two case studies, an author evaluated three service delivery models (direct, hybrid, and telepractice) for stuttering intervention. The results of a preliminary qualitative investigation are presented for telepractice in rural schools in Australia. And, schemas are offered for privacy and security analyses for store and forward applications in physical and occupational therapy. The Fall 2014 issue also contains a book review, and announcements from the American Telemedicine Association and the Mid-Atlantic Telehealth Resource Center.

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Berenyi, Freya, Daniel P. Steinfort, Yasmine Ali Abdelhamid, Michael J. Bailey, David V. Pilcher, Rinaldo Bellomo, Mark E. Finnis, Paul J. Young, and Adam M. Deane. "Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Australia and New Zealand." Annals of the American Thoracic Society 17, no. 6 (June 2020): 736–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/annalsats.201911-821oc.

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Chou, Michael S. H., Natasha C. H. Ting, Nicole El-Turk, Zinta Harrington, and Claudia C. Dobler. "Treatment burden experienced by patients with obstructive sleep apnoea using continuous positive airway pressure therapy." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): e0252915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252915.

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Background Little is known about the treatment burden experienced by patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) who use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Participants 18 patients (33.3% males, mean age 59.7±11.8 years) with OSA who use CPAP therapy were interviewed. Methods Patients treated with CPAP for OSA at a tertiary hospital outpatient clinic in Sydney, Australia, were invited to participate in an interview in person or via phone. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the treatment burden associated with using CPAP. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using NVivo 12 qualitative analysis software. Results Four categories of OSA-specific treatment burden were identified: healthcare tasks, consequences of healthcare tasks, exacerbating and alleviating factors of treatment burden. Participants reported a significant burden associated with using CPAP, independently of how frequently they used their device. Common sources of their treatment burden included attending healthcare appointments, the financial cost of treatment, lifestyle changes, treatment-related side effects and general discomfort. Conclusions This study demonstrated that there is a significant treatment burden associated with the use of CPAP, and that treatment non-adherence is not the only consequence of treatment burden. Other consequences include relationship burden, stigma and financial burden. It is important for physicians to identify other negative impacts of treatment burden in order to optimise the patient experience.

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Wilton, Leeanda J., Harry Teichtahl, Peter D. Temple-Smith, Jacqui L. Johnson, Graeme J. Southwick, Henry G. Burger, and David M. de Kretser. "Young’s syndrome (obstructive azoospermia and chronic sinobronchial infection): a quantitative study of axonemal ultrastructure and function**Supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Canberra, Australia; and by the Monash University Special Research Fund, Clayton, Australia." Fertility and Sterility 55, no. 1 (January 1991): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54074-6.

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