Relevant bibliographies by topics / Observatory

Academic literature on the topic 'Observatory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Observatory"

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Krupp, E. C. "Hollywood Star: the Griffith Observatory in the Movies." Culture and Cosmos 27, no. 0102 (October 2023): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.01227.0233.

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Griffith Observatory’s role in the movies is discussed. It has been in so many movies, it should have a star on Hollywood Boulevard. The Observatory's first film credit, The Phantom Empire, was shot even before the observatory opened to the public in May, 1935. As a film star, Griffith Observatory fulfilled a variety of predictable and often peripheral functions, but in two movies, Rebel without a Cause and La La Land, the observatory was key to the theme. Griffith Observatory's relationship with Hollywood is, however, deeper than all of these on-screen close-ups. At times, Griffith Observatory influenced Hollywood, and Hollywood technology, production standards, and storytelling priorities have all, over more than eight decades, been absorbed by Griffith Observatory.
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Johnston, Scott Alan. "Managing the observatory: discipline, order and disorder at Greenwich, 1835–1933." British Journal for the History of Science 54, no. 2 (March 19, 2021): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087421000030.

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AbstractThis article presents a case study of life and work at the Royal Observatory at Greenwich (1835–1933) which reveals tensions between the lived reality of the observatory as a social space, and the attempts to create order, maintain discipline and project an image of authority in order to ensure the observatory's long-term stability. Domestic, social and scientific activities all intermingled within the observatory walls in ways which were occasionally disorderly. But life at Greenwich was carefully managed to stave off such disorder and to maintain an appearance of respectability which was essential to the observatory's reputation and output. The article focuses on three areas of management: (1) the observatory's outer boundaries, demonstrating how Greenwich navigated both human and environmental intrusions from the wider world; (2) the house, examining how Greenwich's domestic spaces provided stability, while also complicating observatory life via the management of domestic servants; and (3) the scientific spaces, with an emphasis on the work and play of the observatory's boy computers. Together, these three parts demonstrate that the stability of the observatory was insecure, despite being perpetuated via powerful physical and social boundaries. It had to be continually maintained, and was regularly challenged by Greenwich's occupants and neighbours.
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Temi, Pasquale, Douglas Hoffman, Kimberly Ennico, and Jeanette Le. "SOFIA at Full Operation Capability: Technical Performance." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 07, no. 04 (December 2018): 1840011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171718400111.

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The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), the largest airborne observatory in the world, is in full operation capability since February 2014 and is currently completing its Observing Cycle 6 Program. The first four years of operation have provided the opportunity to assess the high-level observatory’s technical performance and to identify additional observatory upgrades. Since the start of routine operations, performance and productivity in several areas of the observatory, including science, operations and engineering, have been tracked by metrics and statistics. In this paper we present the general observatory technical performance as the observatory has reached its maturity and has served the science community with over 2900[Formula: see text]h of scientific observations.
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MACDONALD, LEE T. "Making Kew Observatory: the Royal Society, the British Association and the politics of early Victorian science." British Journal for the History of Science 48, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 409–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087415000023.

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AbstractBuilt in 1769 as a private observatory for King George III, Kew Observatory was taken over in 1842 by the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS). It was then quickly transformed into what some claimed to be a ‘physical observatory’ of the sort proposed by John Herschel – an observatory that gathered data in a wide range of physical sciences, including geomagnetism and meteorology, rather than just astronomy. Yet this article argues that the institution which emerged in the 1840s was different in many ways from that envisaged by Herschel. It uses a chronological framework to show how, at every stage, the geophysicist and Royal Artillery officer Edward Sabine manipulated the project towards his own agenda: an independent observatory through which he could control the geomagnetic and meteorological research, including the ongoing ‘Magnetic Crusade’. The political machinations surrounding Kew Observatory, within the Royal Society and the BAAS, may help to illuminate the complex politics of science in early Victorian Britain, particularly the role of ‘scientific servicemen’ such as Sabine. Both the diversity of activities at Kew and the complexity of the observatory's origins make its study important in the context of the growing field of the ‘observatory sciences’.
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Morschhauser, Achim, Gabriel Brando Soares, Jürgen Haseloff, Oliver Bronkalla, José Protásio, Katia Pinheiro, and Jürgen Matzka. "The magnetic observatory on Tatuoca, Belém, Brazil: history and recent developments." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 6, no. 2 (October 10, 2017): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-367-2017.

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Abstract. The Tatuoca magnetic observatory (IAGA code: TTB) is located on a small island in the Amazonian delta in the state of Pará, Brazil. Its location close to the geomagnetic equator and within the South Atlantic Anomaly offers a high scientific return of the observatory's data. A joint effort by the National Observatory of Brazil (ON) and the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) was undertaken, starting from 2015 in order to modernise the observatory with the goal of joining the INTERMAGNET network and to provide real-time data access. In this paper, we will describe the history of the observatory, recent improvements, and plans for the near future. In addition, we will give some comments on absolute observations of the geomagnetic field near the geomagnetic equator.
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Smyrnov, I., and N. Levinskova. ""WHITE ELEPHANT" IN UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS MOUNTAINS: ON RESTORATION OF A FORMER MILITARY ASTRONOMICAL-METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATORY." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 2 (39) (2018): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2018.39.55-58.

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The article deals with the fate of the astronomical-meteorological observatory, which was built in the Eastern Carpathеs on the Hill of Pip-Ivan (height 2028 m) in 1938, when the Carpathian region was part of Poland. Another name of the observatory is "White Elephant", because in the winter under the snow the observatory's house resembles the shape of the elephant. Mount Pip Ivan has a pyramidal shape with the presence of ancient forms of glacial relief, composed of sandstone. The observatory was equipped with the most up-to-date scientific equipment, in particular, a telescope, astrograph and refractor of British production. The Observatory was destroyed during the Second World War. Currently, with joint efforts of Ukraine and Poland, in particular with the participation of the University of Warsaw and the Precarpathian University named after V. Stefanyk of Ivano-Frankivsk the restoration of the observatory is under way, as well as the construction of an International Center for Ukrainian and Polish Students Youth Meetings focusing on research in geography, meteorology, geology, seismology, astronomy and biology. Keywords: astronomical-meteorological observatory, Mount Pіp Ivan, restoration, Obserwatorium fund, research in the fields of geography, meteorology, geology, seismology, astronomy and biology.
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Gressot, Julien, and Romain Jeanneret. "Determining the right time, or the establishment of a culture of astronomical precision at Neuchâtel Observatory in the mid-19th century." Journal for the History of Astronomy 53, no. 1 (February 2022): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00218286211068572.

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In the mid-19th century, the need for an accurate time becomes ever more important for many economic and industrial sectors, as well as for maritime and railway transport. States took a keen interest in these developments, which resulted in the founding of an increasing number of state observatories. While this well-known phenomenon has attracted the attention of numerous historical researches, the actual setting up of an observatory has more rarely been studied. Based on the well-documented case of the Observatoire cantonal de Neuchâtel, we will look at the setting up of the establishment through its scientific instruments and work procedure. Founded in 1858, the Observatory was primarily intended to fulfill the needs of the watchmaking industry while contributing to the progressive standardization of Swiss time. Adolphe Hirsch, the Observatory’s first director, spent 3 years setting up, installing, and calibrating an operating chain dedicated to the time service. The astronomer’s correspondence shows his expectations and the manufacturers’ technical capabilities. We can thus reconstruct the steps in the design of the scientific instruments—which operated as a network. The outcome being a high-performance operating chain for the time determination. During the commissioning process, Adolphe Hirsch chose an emerging technology—the printing chronograph. In fact, the Observatory was entirely configured around this new method, placing this institution among the first in the field. This new observation technique modifies the episteme of time determination and the role of the human factor within the process.
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Berger, Franz H., and Michael Hantel. "Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg 19052005." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 14, no. 5 (October 10, 2005): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2005/0072.

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Winkelman, Sherry, Arnold Rots, and Raffaele D’Abrusco. "Evaluating High Impact Papers: Are We Missing Something?" EPJ Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818606003.

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The bibliographic science papers with high citations rates are often used as an indication of the science impact of an observatory. These high impact papers are presented as examples of the best science being done with an observatory’s data. But, is the number of citations by itself a good indicator of the scientific impact of the paper, and is impact a good indicator of the scientific impact of the observatory? In this paper we will present results from a recent study of Chandra high impact papers and suggest some alternative methods for identifying such papers. This work has been supported by NASA under contract NAS 8-03060 to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for operation of the Chandra X-ray Center.
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Macdonald, Lee T. "Proposals to Move the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, 1836–1944." Journal for the History of Astronomy 51, no. 3 (August 2020): 272–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828620936625.

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In 1939, the British Admiralty agreed to move the Royal Observatory from Greenwich to a better site away from London. The removal was postponed due to the Second World War, and the observatory’s re-establishment at Herstmonceux Castle in Sussex in the 1940s and 1950s was further delayed by post-war economic difficulties. This paper examines several proposals to remove the observatory that were put forward over a period spanning slightly more than a century before 1939 and asks why none of these were taken up. I argue that the lateness of the move was due partly to astronomers’ fears that the observatory would lose its prestige if moved away from the famous Greenwich meridian and also to certain cultural aspects of professional astronomy in early twentieth-century Britain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Observatory"

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REYNOSO, RAUL REYES. "OBSERVATORY DESIGN." The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555336.

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Utting, Muriel. "The Perth Observatory, 1940-1962." Thesis, Utting, Muriel (1999) The Perth Observatory, 1940-1962. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1999. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51552/.

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Following the worldwide economic depression of the 1930s and the war years of the early forties the Perth Observatory was left in a rather dilapidated state. Its principal activities during this period were the time service and seismology and the former was a valuable contribution to the war effort. However due to economic constraints the Observatory staff had been reduced to two and this was barely sufficient to maintain these essential services. With the retirement of the second Government Astronomer for Western Australia, H.B. Curlewis, in 1940 a young surveyor Hyman Solomon Spigl, was appointed as his replacement. He faced a daunting task of reviving the fortunes of the Perth Observatory in a difficult economic climate. However, he applied himself to the task and soon succeeded in having the Perth Astrographic Catalogues printed in Europe. This was a huge task involving the analysis of hundreds of photographic plates collected over 40 years of careful study. These plates were analysed at the Royal Edinburgh Observatory as a result of Spigl’s persistence and dedication. The Perth Astrographic Catalogues are now universally recognised as a valuable contribution to astronomy and their publication kept faith with a commitment made by the first Government Astronomer, Ernest Cooke in 1896. Spigl also succeeded in maintaining and modernising the time service and this was an essential requirement for a modem industrial society. He fought tenaciously to retain the seismology service but the Commonwealth Government eventually took over control of this from the State, partly for defence purposes. Subsequently he tried to develop some scientific work in seismology at the Observatory but this was stifled by politics and a shortage of funds. As the economic climate improved in the fifties, Spigl directed his efforts towards developing new projects for the Perth Observatory. He negotiated with American astronomers to install a Markowitz Moon Camera on the 13” astrographic refractor. This was used to determine the Moon’s position accurately by star occultations with the aim of deriving absolute measures of latitude and longitude. The project was of considerable interest to mapping agencies in Australia and overseas and this project was part of an international effort coordinated by the United States. Spigl made several visits to the USA for consultations on this project and other international cooperative ventures. One of these was the international satellite tracking project known as Moonwatch, which began in the late fifties. This involved collaboration between the Perth Observatory and the Astronomical Society of WA in tracking the orbits of the first Earth satellites. This was a subject of great public interest and also of significance for defence purposes. This collaboration between amateur and professional astronomers was an excellent example of how high quality astronomical research could be carried out at a minimum cost. Through these efforts Spigl built support in the community for astronomy and the Perth Observatory began to expand again in the late fifties. New staff were appointed and plans were made for the eventual move from Kings Park to Bickley. Unfortunately, H.S. Spigl died in 1962, at the age of 51, at the height of his career, and his work was completed by his assistant B.J. Harris. This thesis explores the role of Spigl as a scientist interacting with Government, industry and the public to maintain a complex scientific institution in a difficult economic and political climate. It examines the difficulties that he faced in dealing with agencies and leaders who had short-term priorities and a lacked understanding of the long-term needs of scientific research. The success of Spigl's efforts despite these obstacles illustrates the skill required of scientists these days in managing major research facilities.
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江育明 and Yuk-ming Simon Kong. "Redevelopment of the Hong Kong Observatory." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31982013.

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Taylor, Emma. "Source associations for the virtual observatory." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30816.

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This thesis presents investigations into different methods of associating astronomical sources detected at different wavelengths, and describes the development of a tool for AstroGrid to enable users to associate sources in a fully automated manner. We describe detailed investigation into the likelihood ratio method through the association of a population of far-infrared sources from the FIRBACK survey with optical counterparts from the INT Wide Field Survey. This is a challenging association problem since the far-infrared sources have a large positional error due to the poor resolution of the instrument and their relatively long wavelength. We compare two different variants of the likelihood ratio method in detail, and use the better one to derive optical counterparts for the far-infrared sources. The scientific benefits of associating multiwavelength data are illustrated through an investigation into the nature of the FIRBACK sources. These are identified with not only an optical counterpart but also with data at up to nine further wavelengths. Their properties are examined through the comparison of their observed spectral energy distributions with predictions from radiative transfer models which simulate the emission from both cirrus and starburst components. The far-infrared sources are found to be 80 per cent star-bursting galaxies with their starburst component at a high optical depth. It is common situation in astronomy to wish to investigate a source population for which we have no prior knowledge about the properties of the source counterparts expected at another wavelength, for example through observations with a new instrument. In such a case it is necessary to estimate the counterpart magnitude distribution to use the likelihood ratio association method. Since little was known about the FIRBACK sources prior to these investigations their optical magnitude distribution had to be estimated in order to assign them optical IDs. To alleviate this problem we have developed a new astronomical application of a machine learning technique known as the EM algorithm which is used in the field of informatics. This is able to ‘learn’ the source magnitude distribution iteratively. The algorithm is tested on the FIRBACK sources and also radio sources from the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey catalogue and is found to be a very effective association method.
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Esslingar, Hans Paul. "An astronomical observatory near Beaufort-West." Thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33393.

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Kong, Yuk-ming Simon. "Redevelopment of the Hong Kong Observatory." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2594678x.

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Suc, Vincent. "Design of a portable observatory control system." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663912.

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In this thesis, we synthesize the development of a new concept of operation of small robotic telescopes operated over the Internet. Our design includes a set of improvements in control algorithmic and hardware of several critical points of the list of subsystems necessary to obtain suitable data from a telescope. We can synthesize the principal contributions of this thesis into five independent innovations: - An advanced drive closed-loop control: We designed an innovative hardware and software solution for controlling a telescope position at high precision and high robustness. - A complete Telescope Control System (TCS): We implemented a light and portable software using advanced astronomical algorithms libraries for optimally compute in real-time the telescope positioning. This software also provides a new multiple simultaneous pointing models system using state machines which allows reaching higher pointing precision and longer exposure times with external guiding telescopes. - A distributed software architecture (CoolObs): CoolObs is the implementation of a ZeroC-ICE framework allowing the control, interaction, and communication of all the peripherals present in an astronomical observatory. - A patented system for dynamic collimation of optics: SAPACAN is a mechanical parallel arrangement and its associated software used for active compensation of low-frequency aberration variations in small telescopes. - Collimation estimation algorithms: A sensor-less AO algorithm have been applied by the analysis of images obtained with the field camera. This algorithm can detect effects of lousy collimation. The measured misalignments can later feed corrections to a device like SAPACAN. Due to the constant presence of new technologies in the field of astronomy, it had been one of the first fields to introduce material which was not democratized at this time such as Coupled Charged Devices, internet, adaptive optics, remote and robotic control of devices. However, every time one of these new technologies was included in the field it was necessary to design software protocol according to the epoch’s state of the art software. Then with the democratization of the same devices, years after the definition of their protocols, the same communication rules tend to be used to keep backward compatibility with old - and progressively unused- devices. When using lots of cumulated software knowledge such as with robotic observing, we can dig in several nonsenses in the commonly used architectures due to the previously explained reasons. The described situation is the reason why we will propose as follows a new concept of considering an observatory as an entity and not a separated list of independent peripherals. We will describe the application of this concept in the field or robotic telescopes and implement it in various completely different examples to show its versatility and robustness. First of all, we will give a short introduction of the astronomical concepts which will be used all along the document, in a second part, we will expose a state of the art of the current solutions used in the different subsystems of an observing facility and explain why they fail in being used in small telescopes. The principal section will be dedicated to detail and explain each of the five innovations enumerated previously, and finally, we will present the fabrication and integration of these solutions. We will show here how the joint use of all of them allowed obtaining satisfactory outstanding results in the robotic use of a new prototype and on the adaptation on several existing refurbished telescopes. Finally, we dedicate the last chapter of this thesis to resuming the conclusions of our work.
En esta tesis, presentamos el desarrollo de un nuevo concepto de operación de telescopio robótica operados a través de Internet. Nuestro diseño incluye un conjunto de mejoras de los algoritmos de control y hardware de varios puntos críticos de la lista de subsistemas necesarios para obtener datos de calidad científica con un telescopio. Podemos sintetizar las principales contribuciones de esta tesis en cinco innovaciones independientes: - Un control de motor avanzado en bucle cerrado: Diseñamos un hardware y software innovadores para controlar la posición y movimiento fino de un telescopio con alta precisión y alta robustez. - Un software de control de telescopio (TCS) integrado: Implementamos un software ligero y portátil que ocupa bibliotecas de algoritmos astronómicos avanzados para calcular de manera óptima y en tiempo real la posición teórica del telescopio. Este software también proporciona un software innovador de modelo de pointing múltiples simultáneos. Esto permite alcanzar una mayor precisión de seguimiento y así ocupar tiempos de integración más importante ocupando un telescopio de guía mecánicamente apartado al telescopio principal. - Una arquitectura de software distribuido (CoolObs): CoolObs es una implementación de software ocupando la plataforma de desarrollo ZeroC-ICE la cual permite el control, la interacción y la comunicación de todos los periféricos presentes en un observatorio astronómico. - Un sistema patentado para la colimación dinámica de la óptica: SAPACAN es un sistema mecánico de movimiento paralelo y su software asociado. Se puede ocupar para compensar activamente las aberraciones ópticas de bajo orden en pequeños telescopios. - Algoritmos de estimación de colimación: Se desarrolló un algoritmo de óptica adaptiva sin sensor en base al análisis de imágenes obtenidas con una cámara cerca del plano focal del telescopio. Este algoritmo puede detectar efectos de mala colimación de las ópticas. Los desajustes, una vez medidos, pueden posteriormente ser aplicados como correcciones a un dispositivo como SAPACAN. Astronomía es un terreno propicio al desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y, debido a esto, los protocolos de comunicación entre periféricos pueden ser obsoletos porque se han escritos en etapas tempranas de existencia de estas nuevas tecnologías. Las mejoras se han hecho de a poco para mantener la compatibilidad de los sistemas ya existentes, ocupando un planteamiento general de la problemática de control de telescopios robóticos, proponemos un nuevo concepto de observatorio robótico visto como una entidad y no una lista de periféricos independientes. A lo largo de esta tesis, describiremos la aplicación de este concepto en el campo de telescopios robóticos e implementarlo en varios sistemas independientes y variados para mostrar la versatilidad y robustez de la propuesta.
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Romalo, David N. "An interference monitor for a radio observatory." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28514.

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This thesis describes the design, construction, and testing of a radio-frequency interference monitoring system for use with the synthesis array telescope at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory near Penticton, B.C. The system is designed to provide continuous, automated surveillance of the radiospectrum around 408 MHz. Interfering signals are characterized and catalogued according to strength, duration, frequency, and direction. Although the monitor is presently a very useful tool for detecting and finding sources of interference, it is ultimately intended to communicate directly with the telescope's control computer, so that sporadic bursts of interference can be removed automatically. The system can detect a weak interfering signal that is within 5 dB of the smallest signal that can contaminate the astronomical observations. The smallest signal was calculated based on the following conditions, considered to be the case for which a synthesis telescope is most sensitive to interference, i.e., the worst case: a) observing at high declination (towards the North Pole), so that the fringes of the synthesis telescope are too slow to reduce the effects of the interference, and b) with the interference present continuously during the observation. These weak signals can be detected in the presence of other signals, nearby in frequency, which are up to 40 dB stronger, i.e., the dynamic range of the monitor is 40 dB. The monitor consists of an antenna system, a computer-tunable radio receiver, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectrum analyzer, and a microcomputer for control and data analysis. Everything except the microcomputer hardware was built as part of the project. A thorough survey of the literature on the design of dedicated FFT machines was required. It was discovered that there had been no investigation of the design details for fixed-point FFT machines which are required to do long integrations. In such situations, fixed-point errors limit the performance of the machine. A computer simulation of the Welch process was developed to analyze the effects of these errors and to optimize the design. Some new results concerning the detectability of small signals are presented. The FFT spectrum analyzer is used to estimate the power spectrum of 500 kHz-wide sub-bands using Welch's method of modified periodograms. It computes 256-point transforms in real-time with a resolution of 3.91 kHz (corresponding to one FFT every 512 μsec). This is comparable to the speed of a large array processor but at a fraction of the cost. Since the FFT is equivalent to a bank of contiguous filters, it can analyze the spectrum in much less time than the single swept filter found in most commercial spectrum analyzers, i.e., it is much more sensitive. The analyzer was specially designed and built using recently-available digital integrated circuits. The design draws upon several high-speed architectural concepts including pipelining, parallel arithmetic, and hard-wired control. Except for expensive array processors, the analyzer is much faster than any commercial FFT processors or FFT-based spectrum analyzers. As part of the antenna system, an array of helical antennas was designed and constructed, its characteristics were investigated and found to be suitable for the present application, and a method of remotely switching them on and off was devised. One more note - the radio spectrum is becoming more and more cluttered with man-made signals. Unprotected radio astronomy bands are being adversely affected and radio astronomers are turning to FFT spectrometers to cope with the relatively large interfering signals. The work herein on FFT-based design is applicable in such cases.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Slack, Nathan William. "Simulations for the International X-ray Observatory." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1576/.

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The subject of this thesis is the simulation of X-ray cluster surveys and related issues, with a focus on the research that can be conducted with the International X-ray Observatory (IXO), or a similar next-generation X-ray observatory. A general purpose X-ray image simulator has been developed. It uses a modern cosmological simulation and cluster scaling relations to produce simulated cluster images that are well motivated by theory and observation. A distribution of point sources and various instrumental effects are also included. The simulator is complemented by a source identification method. The IXO selection function is mapped over a varying surface brightness parameter space. Simulated IXO surveys are used to explore the biases present in X-ray cluster surveys. These reveal that it is necessary to correct for biases using a detailed and carefully applied selection function to recover the true evolution of the luminosity-temperature relation. This is crucial for shallow surveys. Simulations of IXO using different angular resolutions are found to have only a minor effect on the number and distribution of detected clusters.
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Thompson, Robert. "Commercially Hosted Orbiting Carbon Observatory (CHOCO) Concept." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2009. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/433.

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The primary purpose of this Integrative project is to determine whether the mission objectives for NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) could effectively be met on a persistent global basis via a commercially hosted payload concept. NASA's OCO satellite mission was designed to ""make the first space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide ""(Corporation, 2007). The OCO satellite, was destroyed during a failed launch attempt February 2009. The satellite was intended to be a science demonstration satellite with spot coverage and a delayed revist rate. In order for this important mission to be performed in an operational utility (e.g. Kyoto Treaty monitoring) it will be necessary that carbon emissions be measured with persistent global coverage. One potential cost-effective and medium risk solution to meeting the original OCO scientific mission may be achieved by hosting atmospheric carbon dioxide sensors on commercial satellites. An OCO replacement based upon multiple hosted payloads could potentially developed and launched for less than the cost of the first OCO standalone system and is tolerant to single case launch or on-orbit failures. This proposed Integrative Project will document the mission analysis, requirements derivation, trade studies, technology readiness, risk assessment, and ethical considerations necessary to determine whether the proposed hosted payload concept is technically feasible and potentially cost effective. A significant secondary objective of this project is to document lessons learned from the recently initiated US Air Force Commercially Hosted Infrared Payload (CHIRP) project and apply them to the Orbiting Carbon Observatory program. The two programs primary payloads have significant similarities including mass, volume, thermal requirements, power requirements, sensor type, and focal plane technology. The OCO sensor design and the CHIRP sensor are both refractive-optic based infrared sensors with very similar cryocooler requirements and detectors. This association allows lessons learned from the CHIRP proposal technical evaluation to be applied in a non-military sensitive context. Ultimately the design similarity paired with the scientific openness of the NASA science community should adequately document the application of lessons learned from the CHIRP technical evaluation to an important scientific mission for the global community.
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Books on the topic "Observatory"

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Carville, Daragh. Observatory. London: Methuen, 1999.

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Theatre, Abbey, ed. Observatory. London: Methuen, 1999.

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Institute, Birmingham and Midland. Edgbaston Observatory. [Birmingham]: [s.n.], 1986.

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Tsaloumas, Dimitris. The observatory. 3rd ed. St. Lucia, Qld., Australia: University of Queensland Press, 1991.

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Carey, Edward. Observatory mansions. New York: Crown, 2000.

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Cottam, Stella, and John E. Ventre. Cincinnati Observatory. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46034-0.

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Tiller, Stanley. Near the observatory. Princeton, N.J: Cantabri Press, 2002.

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Cortazar, Julio. From the observatory. Brooklyn, NY: Archipelago Books, 2011.

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Elliott, K. H. Observatory user guide. Birmingham: School of Physics and Space Research, University of Birmingham, 1992.

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Hirschfield, Jim. Jim Hirschfield: Observatory. Winston-Salem, N.C: Wake Forest University Fine Arts Gallery, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Observatory"

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Gitto, Paul. "Arcturus Observatory." In More Small Astronomical Observatories, 107–20. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0213-7_10.

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Turner, Bob. "Turner Observatory." In More Small Astronomical Observatories, 55–61. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0213-7_5.

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Schwartz, Michael. "Tenagra Observatory." In Small Astronomical Observatories, 187–97. London: Springer London, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0999-0_21.

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Smith, Robert W. "The Observatory." In A Companion to the History of Science, 196–209. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118620762.ch14.

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Sun, Xiaochun. "Taosi Observatory." In Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, 2105–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_215.

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Mikoš, Matjaž, Nejc Bezak, Joao Pita Costa, M. Besher Massri, Inna Novalija, Mitja Jermol, and Marko Grobelnik. "Natural-Hazard-Related Web Observatory as a Sustainable Development Tool." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 83–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_5.

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AbstractUsing the Internet and wealth of data and knowledge available on the Web, so-called web observatories have been developed in the last decade—in very different fields of use. The article discusses the use of such observatories to support the implementation of sustainable development at different scales. The focus is on landslides as risk to society, and since they are related to water and soil, a web-based observatory on natural hazards, including landslides, can draw upon water- and soil-related observatories that are used worldwide as a sustainable development tool. A new landslide observatory may support major global initiatives to adapt to climate change. The Observatory’s vision, structure and use can be built upon the experiences gathered by developing a global water observatory for smart water management, using Artificial Intelligence tools. UNESCO Chair on Water-related Disaster Risk Reduction of the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and the UNESCO International Research Institute on Artificial Intelligence at the Institute Jožef Stefan, Slovenia, have joined efforts and knowledge to develop a new global web observatory (tentatively first as the Landslide Observatory) to be used by different stakeholders when implementing global climate adaptation policies and relevant European Union strategies. The information gathered on the internet is structured, and shown using geolocators for different regions and/or countries. For interpretation of world-wide web data, landslide expert knowledge is used.
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Wu, Yan. "The Xujiahui Observatory: The European Observatory in China." In Western Influences in the History of Science and Technology in Modern China, 271–327. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7850-2_8.

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Feitzinger, J. V., M. Hünerbein, R. Kordecki, G. Monstadt, and J. Prölss. "The Bochum Observatory." In Stargazers, 221. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74020-6_113.

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Trachier, Jean-Paul. "The Triel Observatory." In Stargazers, 222. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74020-6_114.

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Hellot, Roger. "The Strasbourg Observatory." In Stargazers, 222. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74020-6_116.

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Conference papers on the topic "Observatory"

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Lonsdale, Colin J. "Observatory report: MIT Haystack Observatory." In 2011 XXXth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2011.6051245.

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Chen, Dong, Guoquan Luo, Zhi Li, Kaning Wei, and Hongbing Dai. "Approach to virtual observatory in Yunnan Observatory." In Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, edited by Alexander S. Szalay. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.459716.

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Ribeiro, Sílvio S., Clodoveu A. Davis, Diogo Rennó R. Oliveira, Wagner Meira, Tatiana S. Gonçalves, and Gisele L. Pappa. "Traffic observatory." In the 5th International Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2442796.2442800.

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Kim, Yongsung, Julien Eberle, Riikka Hanninen, Erol Can Un, and Karl Aberer. "Mobile observatory." In UbiComp '13: The 2013 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2494091.2495997.

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Foremski, Pawel, Oliver Gasser, and Giovane C. M. Moura. "DNS Observatory." In IMC '19: ACM Internet Measurement Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355566.

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Vahdati, Sahar, Christoph Lange, and Sören Auer. "OpenCourseWare observatory." In LAK '15: the 5th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2723576.2723605.

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Yanes Díaz, Axel, Sergio Rueda-Teruel, Rafael Bello, Juan Luis Antón, Carlos López SanJuan, David Cristobal Hornillos, Mikel Domínguez, et al. "The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre: engineering for empowering observatory operations." In Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VII, edited by Alison B. Peck, Chris R. Benn, and Robert L. Seaman. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2313208.

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Guan, Yilun, Kathleen Harrington, Jack Lashner, Sanah Bhimani, Kevin T. Crowley, Nicholas Galitzki, Ken Ganga, et al. "Simons Observatory: observatory scheduler and automated data processing." In Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy VIII, edited by Gianluca Chiozzi and Jorge Ibsen. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3020379.

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McGlynn, T., E. Chipman, J. Jordan, N. Ruggiero, D. Jennings, and T. Serlemitsos. "The COMPTON observatory archive." In COMPTON GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATORY. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.44157.

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Loon, Chin Wei, Mohd Zambri Zainuddin, Nazhatulshima Ahmad, Muhammad Shamim Shukor, and Muhammad Redzuan Tahar. "Acquirement of the observatory code of Langkawi National Observatory." In NATIONAL PHYSICS CONFERENCE 2014 (PERFIK 2014). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4915186.

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Reports on the topic "Observatory"

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Beier, E. W. Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5608387.

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Mori, Johanna. Expanding the HAWC Observatory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1304793.

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Woods, Mel, Raquel Ajates, Nil Gulari, Victoria J. Burton, Naomi K. van der Velden, and Drew Hemment. GROW Observatory: Mission Outcomes. University of Dundee, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001130.

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Rai, Shirin M., and Jacqui True. Feminist Everyday Observatory Tool. University of Warwick Press, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-0-9934245-9-5.

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Orcutt, John A. Ocean Acoustic Observatory Federation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629599.

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Green, A. W., J. D. Wood, and L. R. Wilson. USGS automatic observatory system. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226561.

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Orcutt, John A., Cecil H. Green, and Ida M. Green. Ocean Acoustic Observatory Federation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625503.

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Cameron, C. E., S. F. Snedigar, and C. J. Nye. Alaska Volcano Observatory geochemical database. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29120.

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Cameron, C. E., and S. F. Snedigar. Alaska Volcano Observatory image database. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29689.

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Evenchick, C. A., V. J. McNicoll, K. Holm, D. J. Alldrick, and L D Snyder. Geology, Observatory Inlet, British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/208989.

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