Relevant bibliographies by topics / Observational film

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Observational film'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Observational film"

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Graef, Roger. "Privacy and Observational Film." Anthropology Today 5, no. 2 (April 1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3033136.

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Gronlund, Melissa. "Observational film: Administration of social reality." Moving Image Review & Art Journal (MIRAJ) 1, no. 2 (September 20, 2012): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/miraj.1.2.169_1.

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Wirawan, I. Komang Arba, and I. Gede Arya Sugiartha. "The Nyama (kinship) Documentary as an Intolerant Comparative Discourse in Pegayaman Village, Buleleng, Bali." Lekesan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Asia Pacific Arts 3, no. 2 (November 4, 2020): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/lekesan.v3i2.1172.

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The Nyama documentary is as a counter-discourse on intolerant attitudes in Indonesia. Nyama film was the result of research and creation of written and audio-visual data documentation of the acculturation of art and culture in the Muslim village of Pegayaman Buleleng, Bali. It was an observational/direct cinema-style documentary film acculturation of Hindu and Islamic arts and culture in Pegayaman Village, Buleleng, Bali. The Nyama film identified the perceptions and acculturation of art and culture in Pegayaman Village, Buleleng, Bali. It was a qualitative descriptive research method. Sources of data obtained through a purposive sampling method were done by accidental sampling technique. The location of the sampling was carried out in Pegayaman Village, Buleleng, Bali. The method used in achieving these goals was Representing reality. The documentary tells an event or reality (facts and data). Principally, documentary films are based on facts and are demanded to be loyal to those facts. Discussion of research and creation of this movie is the observational/direct cinema documentaries. This film tells the story of several people in Pegayaman Village. The subjects in this film are not in the same condition but are equally struggling to preserve the acculturation of Hindu and Islamic arts and culture in the Bali region. The information building in this film was a combination of interviews with selected subjects. The results of the research and creation were in the form of Nyama documentary films. The Nyama documentary is an acculturation campaign for arts and culture and a counter-discourse on the intolerant attitude of Indonesian society that is multicultural and has the character of Indonesian nationality.
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Odagiri, Takushi. "Mental (2008): Sōda Kazuhiro’s Observational Cinema." positions: asia critique 28, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 277–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-8112461.

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This article examines Sōda Kazuhiro’s observational documentary, especially his second observational film, Seishin (Mental), and specifically considers its participatory methods, sociohistorical circumstances, and philosophical anthropology. Influenced by North American direct cinema of the 1960s (especially Frederick Wiseman) as well as Bronisław Malinowski’s participant observation, Sōda’s observational style not only emphasizes the self-affective nature of documentary eyes but also rejects the preconceived reality of its object. Documentary is not conceived “in the head”: unexpected discoveries, which inevitably accompany his participatory methods, define his object from an ex ante facto (before the fact) perspective. Examples of this are the contingency of the mental-bodily complex (Seishin) and self-contradictory social situations (Senkyo and Senkyo 2). Because it’s an observationalparticipatory film, Seishin responds to the sociopolitical climates of the late 2000s, especially the Japanese government’s reforms of health and medical services. Specifically, two laws were enacted while the film was in production: the 2005 Support for Independence of Persons with Disability (SIPD) Act and the 2006 Suicide Prevention Act. Furthermore, Seishin represents an anthropological (techno-ontological) standpoint similar to that of Gilbert Simondon, Miki Kiyoshi, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. This article investigates the film’s ontology, externalism, and political critique of neoliberalism in the late 2000s.
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Curtis, Scott. "“Tangible as Tissue”: Arnold Gesell, Infant Behavior, and Film Analysis." Science in Context 24, no. 3 (July 26, 2011): 417–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889711000172.

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ArgumentFrom 1924 to 1948, developmental psychologist Arnold Gesell regularly used photographic and motion picture technologies to collect data on infant behavior. The film camera, he said, records behavior “in such coherent, authentic and measurable detail that . . . the reaction patterns of infant and child become almost as tangible as tissue.” This essay places his faith in the fidelity and tangibility of film, as well as his use of film as evidence, in the context of developmental psychology's professed need for legitimately scientific observational techniques. It also examines his use of these same films as educational material to promote his brand of scientific child rearing. But his analytic techniques – his methods of extracting data from the film frames – are the key to understanding the complex relationship between his theories of development and his chosen research technology.
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O‘Rawe, Des. "Ten Minutes For John Lennon." Film Studies 9, no. 1 (2006): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/fs.9.9.

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This essay interweaves an analysis of Raymond Depardons short documentary film, 10 minutes de silence pour John Lennon (1980), with some broader reflections on time, cultural history, and silence. Shot in a single take, the film records the expressions, movements, and reactions of some of 200,000 mourners who gathered in Central Park to commemorate Lennons life six days after his death in December, 1980. Despite its observational form and aesthetic reticence, 10 minutes de silence renders unexpected coincidences of colour, perspective, gesture, and noise, spontaneous formations and patterns that resonate beyond the films actual moment and journalistic raison dêtre.
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Carta, Silvio. "Documentary Film, Observational Style and Postmodern Anthropology in Sardinia." Visual Anthropology 28, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08949468.2015.1014260.

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Reigada, Carla, Salvador Martín-Utrilla, Pilar Pérez-Ros, Carlos Centeno, Anna Sandgren, and Beatriz Gómez-Baceiredo. "Understanding illnesses through a film festival: An observational study." Heliyon 5, no. 8 (August 2019): e02196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02196.

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REWOLIŃSKA, Aleksandra, Karolina PERZ, and Grzegorz KINAL. "GRAPHITE EXPANDED AS A FILM-FORMING MATERIAL ON A STEEL SURFACE." Tribologia, no. 5 (October 31, 2017): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5909.

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The results of observational studies of the emerging graphite film on the steel surface are presented. The association – steel pin and graphite element – reciprocating motion was employed. The results show the possible mechanism of graphite film formation for the various stages of association work under various operating conditions. For a water-impregnated graphite element, the film forming process takes place faster than for a dry element.
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Lofton, Kathryn. "Observational Secular: Religion and Documentary Film in the United States." JCMS: Journal of Cinema and Media Studies 60, no. 5 (2021): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cj.2021.0021.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Observational film"

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Carta, Silvio. "Documentary film, observational style and postmodern anthopology in Sardinia : a visual anthropology." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3674/.

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This study explores issues of technique, methodology and style in ethnographic/documentary films, with a focus on Sardinia. How are cultural realities constructed in documentary and ethnographic films? In what ways do practical filmmaking strategies reflect wider epistemological questions and ethical concerns? The thesis examines the general stylistic principles that have guided the making of a substantial body of documentary films about Sardinia. Attention has been paid to a range of different methods used by a select number of documentary and ethnographic filmmakers, covering important theoretical points on the distinctive set of technical, aesthetic and ethical problems embodied in the epistemology of their filmmaking practice. The study concludes that scholars should look for a more balanced fusion between film as a multisensory medium of ideas and forms of ethnographic enquiry conducted through language. The nonverbal elements and visual imagery in ethnographic/documentary films suggest obliquely that a kind of knowledge expressed in the concrete case requires an acknowledgment of domains of experience that often elude written expression.
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Xu, Jiacheng 4159187. "Yi, Observational Documentary Aesthetics, and the Identity Politics of Transcultural Migrancy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4816.

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There is a moment in Edward Yang’s acclaimed film Yi Yi (2000) in which a young boy in a conversation with his father observes that he cannot see what his father sees and that his father cannot see what he sees, prompting two questions: “How can I know what you see?” and “Can we only know half of the truth?” Unable to provide adequate answers, his father instead offers his son a camera. Later in the film, the same boy presents his uncle with a picture he took of the back of his head. When asked why, the boy responds by saying, “You cannot see it yourself, so I’m helping you.” These two scenes in Yang’s film illustrate the spirit of the questions that guide the aesthetic approach I have taken in my own documentary project. My thesis is composed of two parts: a video project and a research paper, the former of which is a documentary entitled Yi. Named after its primary subject, the film explores the intersections of transnational migrancy and cultural identity through a series of interviews that are intercut with scenes of everyday life that are shot in an observational style. The research paper that follows will situate the project within a specific historical, conceptual, and aesthetic context, before delineating how the cinematic composition of my documentary engages with this framework.
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Sharp, Laura L. "AUDIENCE RESPONSE TO THE NATURE/SOCIETY BINARY IN KUROSAWA’S DERSU UZALA: AN OBSERVATIONAL ONLINE ETHNOGRAPHY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/8.

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Geographers researching cinema have predominantly been interested in how geographic meaning is constructed and negotiated within film, but have been less productive in accounting for how these constructs are received by viewers. Using the method of observational online ethnography, I therefore investigate how fans in online reviews have interpreted the nature/society binary in the film Dersu Uzala. Working from a social constructionist view of nature I begin by deconstructing the binary as it appears in Dersu Uzala before proceeding to illustrate the way this constitutive absence is made up for by the visuality of the film’s landscapes and techniques of geographic realism. Turning to the fan reviews I find that, rather than challenge the historical and constructed division between nature and society, many fans accept the binary as inevitable and consistent with their ideas about contemporary reality. More than passive consumption however, this concurrence is actively rearticulated in the ways that the fans incorporate the binary into their own lives and in the new discursive practices of the internet. In so doing I make headway into the exploration of audience analysis by geographers and continue to advance geography’s foray into cultures of the internet.
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Baker, Jeremy Charles. "Observational Animation: An Exploration of Improvisation, Interactivity and Spontaneity in Animated Filmmaking." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1357315576.

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Duiculescu, Beatrice Ioana. "Can resilient urban design support social resilience?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22719.

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This research is a small part of a bigger field of research made before by other authorsregarding the humans in the urban public space. It has a small context compared to otherstudies, but a big impact inside the community. It aims at finding answers to questions thatother researchers asked before, but under different circumstances and they displayed them through different ways such as documentary films (The social life of small urban spaces 1980, How to live in a city 1964).After experiencing the city life of Malmö and some questions have been raised, the concept of resilience intersected with the interest of social public life in a neighbourhood. In order to have the theoretical framework to answer the research question, the thesis follows a literature review, where the concepts of resilience, urban resilience, resilient urban design and social resilience have been explored.Next, after exploring the city of Malmö, some case studies have been chosen and studiedthrough direct observation in different months starting with March and various times of theday. In the methodological approach section the methods are explained as well as a detailed presentation of the biggest tool used for this research: observational drawing. The tools used for the observation are field notes, observational drawings and photographs. The cases are spread throughout the city and are located in neighbourhoods with different urban tissues. The results reveal all the observational drawings made during the field visits and the field notes written. They show how people use the spaces in all three case studies depending on the weather or other external factors.The discussion reveals the complexity of the relation between concepts and the empiricaldata, following the initial aim of the research throughout the discussion. This thesiscontributes with important outcomes to the field of urban studies creating awareness about the urban context and its influence on people. The findings of this study show a diversity and creativity of users in using the public space.
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Teng, Eric Ju-chung. "First Encounter." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501249/.

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The film is about a newly arrived Japanese student's initial period of adjustment at the University of North Texas. This observational documentary film follows the student and witnesses the student's first reactions to various social environments. The purpose of this creative thesis project was to depict the difficulties that international students encounter at the beginning of their stay in America. The initial goal of the video was to provide useful visual research material to people who are interested in the acculturation of foreign students. Because of its realistic character, the video can give its audiences a more immediate and vivid picture of foreign students than existing written literature. By giving an authentic portrait of the students' hardship and adjustments, the ultimate goal of this video was to increase the American people's appreciation of the difficulties encountered by foreign students who come to this country equipped with limited social assistance and resources. An accompanying production report describes the research process, the pre-production, production, and post-production stages.
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Lang, Ian William, and n/a. "Conditional Truths: Remapping Paths To Documentary 'Independence'." Griffith University. Queensland College of Art, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20031112.105737.

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(Synopsis to introductory statement): An introductory statement to five documentary films made by Ian Lang in Australia between 1981 and 1997 exemplifying  a 'democratising' model of sustainable and ethical documentary film production. This document critically reflects on the production process of these films to accompany their submission for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Publication at Griffith University. It finds that a contemporary tendency towards 'post-industrial' conditions allows an observational film-maker to negotiate a critical inter-dependence rather than a romantically conceived 'independence' traditional to the genre. [Full thesis consists of introductory statement plus six DVD videodiscs.]
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Lang, Ian William. "Conditional Truths: Remapping Paths To Documentary 'Independence'." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367923.

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(Synopsis to introductory statement): An introductory statement to five documentary films made by Ian Lang in Australia between 1981 and 1997 exemplifying  a 'democratising' model of sustainable and ethical documentary film production. This document critically reflects on the production process of these films to accompany their submission for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Publication at Griffith University. It finds that a contemporary tendency towards 'post-industrial' conditions allows an observational film-maker to negotiate a critical inter-dependence rather than a romantically conceived 'independence' traditional to the genre. [Full thesis consists of introductory statement plus six DVD videodiscs.]
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy by Publication (PhD)
Queensland College of Art
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MONTAGNON, FRANCE. "L'osteonecrose aseptique de hanche : au fil et film du temps ; a propos d'une serie de 30 observations." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET6409.

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Junod-Valera, Tatiana. "Observations pour une rythmique du film : Etude des films "A Falecida (La Décédée)" et "São Bernardo" de Leon Hirszman." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030173.

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Cette these est articulee autour de deux axes principaux : une approche theorique sur la notion de rythme et une etude de la structure rythmique de deux films du realisateur bresilien leon hirszman, sao bernardo et a falecida (la decedee). Le premier axe cherche a definir le rythme en general et le rythme du film en particulier, a partir d'un examen des differentes approches qui ont ete consacrees a cette notion. Le deuxieme axe, etudie le systeme rythmique qui preside a l'ordonnancement dynamique des deux films choisis. Il comprend deux parties. Dans la premiere partie les textes filmiques sont situes dans leur champ textuel, par la mise en relation avec leur contexte et par la determination de leurs rapports transtextuels et intertextuels. Dans la seconde, est analyse le role enonciatif des structures rythmiques majeures des deux films. Le but est d'observer la part du rythme dans le fonctionnement metadiscursif du film. Le rythme est utilise comme strategie de communication par le systeme enonciatif du film. Ce cas est specialement present dans sao bernardo, qui a ete concu a priori comme un film d'intervention, au sens donne par christian metz. Il s'agit d'un film capable de subvertir l'instance imaginaire chez le spectateur, pour transmettre des <> caches derriere une trame diegetique fictionalisante. Nous avons voulu reunir dans cette these une reflexionsur le phenomene rythmique dans le champ cinematographique, une approche du fonctionnement des rythmes du film et plus particulierement une appreciation du tissu rythmique de deux films de leon hirszman. Cette etude amorce les premisses d'une analyse plus vaste, qui viserait a deceler les facteurs d'intertextualite rythmique dans une oeuvre. Nous pensons que le rythme, au dela d'etre une manifestation du sujet de l'enonciation, est aussi une trace de l'auteur. C'est un signe stylistique, qui peut apporter de renseignements interessants, a travers une analyse comparative des films constitutifs d'une oeuvre cinematographique
This thesis is articulated around two main axis : a theoretical approach of the notion of the rhythm and a study of the rhythmic structures of two films of the brazilian director leon hirszman, sao bernardo and a falecida (the deceased). The first axis aims to define rhythm in a general way and, more particularly, the rhythm of films through the examination of different theoretical approaches of this notion. The second axis, studies the rhythmic system that presides the dynamic organisation of the chosen films. It includes two sections : in the first one, the films are placed in their textual field. This permits the observation of the relations established between the film's texts and its contexts, as well as some of the resulting transtextual and intertextual relations. The second step focuses on the identifying the part taken by the major rhythmic structures in each film. The aim is to observe the role of rhythm in the metadiscursive functioning of the film. The rhythm is used as a communicative strategy in the enunciation system of the film. This is particularly the case of sao bernardo, which has been conceived as an <> in the sense given by christian metz. This means a film able to subvert the spectator's imaginary process, in order to transmit the <> hidden behind the diegetic plot leading to fictionalisation. In this thesis, we wanted to put together a reflection about the rhythmic phenomenon in the cinematographic field, and an approach to the work of the rhythmic structures in a film with a particular observation of the rhythmic weft of our choice of films by leon hirszman. This study sets down the premises for a broader analysis, which should point out the factors of a rhythmic intertextuality in a group of films of one filmmaker. We think that rhythm more than just a manifestation of the subject of the enunciation, is also an author's trail. It is a stylistic sign, that can bring out interesting data through a comparative analysis of the films that constitute an author's work
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Books on the topic "Observational film"

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Amanda, Ravetz, ed. Observational cinema ; anthropology, film, and the exploration of social life. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Press, 2009.

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Mass-Observation. Mass-observation file report handlist. Brighton: Mass-Observation Archive, University of Sussex Library, 1997.

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Kossmann, Stéphane. Observations, sur les marches à Cannes. Paris: Marval, 2004.

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Observations: Studies in New Zealand documentary. Wellington, N.Z: Victoria University Press, 2011.

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Pollacchi, Elena. Wang Bing's Filmmaking of the China Dream. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721837.

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This volume offers an organic discussion of Wang Bing's filmmaking across China’s marginal spaces and against the backdrop of the state-sanctioned 'China Dream'. Wang Bing's cinema gives voice to the subaltern. Focusing on contemporary China, his work testifies to a set of issues dealing with inequality, labour, and migration. His internationally awarded documentaries are considered masterpieces with unique aesthetics that bear reference to global film masters. Therefore, this investigation goes beyond the divides between Western and non-Western film traditions and between fiction and documentary cinema. Each chapter takes a different articulation of space (spaces of labour, history, and memory) as its entry point, bringing together film and documentary studies, Chinese studies, and globalization studies. This volume benefits from the author's extensive conversations with Wang Bing and insider observations of film production and the film festival circuit.
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Higgins, Teri, and Catherine Fowler. Epistolary Entanglements in Film, Media and the Visual Arts. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729666.

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This collection departs from the observation that online forms of communication—the email, blog, text message, tweet—are actually haunted by old epistolary forms: the letter and the diary. By examining the omnipresence of writing across a variety of media, the collection adds the category of Epistolary Screens to genres of self-expression, both literary (letters, diaries, auto-biographies) and screenic (romance dramas, intercultural cinema, essay films, artists’ videos and online media). The category Epistolary encapsulates an increasingly paradoxical relation between writing and the self: first, it describes selves that are written in graphic detail via letters, diaries, blogs, texts, emails and tweets; second, it acknowledges that absence complicates communication, bringing people together in an entangled rather than ordered way. The collection concerns itself with the changing visual/textual texture of screen media and examines what is at stake for our understanding of self-expression when it takes Epistolary forms.
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Butler, Tom. Film titles: Observations on the state of the art-An analysis of the titles for Se7en and Delicastessen. London: LCP, 2000.

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Inc, SPSS, ed. SPSS missing value analysis 7.5. Chicago, Ill: SPSS Inc., 1997.

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Worktown: The astonishing story of the birth of Mass-Observation. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2015.

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Briar, David W. Lithologic logs of observation wells and test holes drilled in 1987 in valley fill along the north flank of the Little Rocky Mountains, Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, north-central Montana. Helena, Mont: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Observational film"

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Meager, Nigel. "Introducing Observational Film." In Observational Filmmaking for Education, 1–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90626-3_1.

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Meager, Nigel. "Experiential Empiricism and Children’s Films." In Observational Filmmaking for Education, 39–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90626-3_2.

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Tagantsev, Alexander K., L. Eric Cross, and Jan Fousek. "Methods for Observation of Domains." In Domains in Ferroic Crystals and Thin Films, 121–206. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1417-0_4.

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Hlawacek, Gregor, Fawad S. Khokhar, Raoul van Gastel, Harold J. W. Zandvliet, Bene Poelsema, and Christian Teichert. "In-situ Observation of Organic Thin Film Growth on Graphene." In Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces, 107–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9_5.

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Korb, Donald R., Jack V. Greiner, Thomas Glonek, Amy Whalen, Stacey L. Hearn, Jan E. Esway, and Charles D. Leahy. "Human and Rabbit Lipid Layer and Interference Pattern Observations." In Lacrimal Gland, Tear Film, and Dry Eye Syndromes 2, 305–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5359-5_42.

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Sharma, Aparna. "Constructing the Self, Constructing Others: David MacDougall’s Observational Films on Institutions for Children in India." In Documentary Films in India, 29–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137395443_2.

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Fujimura, Shuzo, Kenji Ishikawa, and Haruhisa Mori. "Observation of Thin SiO2 Films Using IR-RAS." In The Physics and Chemistry of SiO2 and the Si-SiO2 Interface 2, 91–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1588-7_11.

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Mackey, Margaret. "Paying Attention: Provisional Observations and Inferences." In Narrative Pleasures in Young Adult Novels, Films, and Video Games, 58–75. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230316621_4.

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Trencsényi, Klára, and Vlad Naumescu. "Migrant Cine-Eye: Storytelling in Documentary and Participatory Filmmaking." In IMISCOE Research Series, 117–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_7.

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AbstractThe so-called European ‘refugee crisis’ has bred a profusion of audiovisual accounts throughout the region, many of which aimed to give voice to hitherto voiceless, uprooted people. But as many of these ‘untold stories’ gain material expression as storylines, we are urged to consider the implications of yet another form of displacement: from the historical person to the film character, from personal stories to media representations. The growing interest into the migrant issue and visual representations of refugees have played an important role in the public construction of the ‘crisis’ but have also, paradoxically, obscured or silenced migrant voices. The authors of this paper, a documentary filmmaker (Trencsényi) and a social anthropologist (Naumescu) seek to explore narrative strategies and ethics of representation in European documentaries made after 2010 as well as their participatory filmmaking project developed in the wake of the 2015 refugee crisis in Hungary. Having collaborated on several documentary films and filmmaking workshops, they approach this issue from the perspective of practitioners, offering a critical reflection as well as possible strategies for those aiming to produce audiovisual works in this field. The inclusion of refugees’ insight and their ways of constructing their own stories as well as their own observations on the receiving societies can open new possibilities for collaboration and creative engagement for social scientists and filmmakers preparing visual fieldnotes, ethnographic and documentary films as well as participatory projects.
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Suyanto, Suyanto, Yenny Sugiarti, and Cynthia Yohanna Kartikasari. "The Impact of Firm Size and Market Concentration on Firm Productivity." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 1186–92. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_146.

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AbstractThis study investigates the impact of firm size and market concentration on firm productivity in Indonesian manufacturing. Firm size has been enduring interest in studies on firm productivity as the impact can be positive or negative. On the other hand, market concentration has increasingly been a key concern in evaluating firm productivity. This study used firm-level panel data of 6,783 manufacturing firms (47,481 observations) across 33 provinces of Indonesia. Two methods were applied in estimating the data; those methods were adjusted-autocorrelation OLS and random effect GLS. The results show that firm size has a significant positive effect on firm productivity, indicating that a large-scale firm experiences higher productivity than a small size firm. In addition, market concentration appears to have a negative impact on firm productivity, suggesting that a firm in a more concentrated industry tends to be less productive. The implication of this study suggests that a firm produces on a large scale and competes in a less concentrated market.
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Conference papers on the topic "Observational film"

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Amaral, Iraides Gonçalves do, and Nildes R. Pitombo Leite. "DECISION MAKING BASED ON THE DATA AND FACTS ANALYSIS: A OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF THE FILM ‘TWELVE ANGRY MAN’." In 10th CONTECSI International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management. Sao Paulo: TECSI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5748/9788599693094-10contecsi/rf-60.

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Wang, Zhanshan, Jingtao Zhu, Rui Chen, Jing Xu, Fengli Wang, Zhong Zhang, Wenjuan Wu, et al. "Extreme ultraviolet multilayer mirrors for astronomical observation." In Sixth International Conference on Thin Film Physics and Applications. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.792386.

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Hodgkinson, I. J., and U. Otago. "Observations of anisotropy in optical thin films." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mn1.

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Asymmetry in thin-film microstructure leads to a variety of anisotropic effects. The waveguiding method yields polarization-dependent refractive indices for thin films deposited at normal incidence. However, anisotropic effects are very much more pronounced in films deposited (intentionally or unintentionally) at oblique angles. For these films, anisotropic effects can be observed with light at normal incidence. Some of these effects are influenced or are caused by adsorbed moisture. Thus, form birefringence reduces with moisture uptake, the speed of lateral water penetration is greatest perpendicular to the deposition plane, and the angular spread of light scattered by water patches is largest in the deposition plane.
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Szablewski, Marek, Yasuyuji Kagawa, David Bloor, Mosurkal Ravi, and Graham H. Cross. "Observation of environmentally sensitive photoluminescence from highly polar chromophores." In Organic Thin Films. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otf.1999.sab5.

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Bulsara, Vispi Homi, Srinivasan Chandrasekar, and Thomas N. Farris. "Direct Observation of Contact Damage Produced by Vickers Indentation in Diamond-Like Films." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0675.

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Abstract An experimental study has been made of film delamination and cracking produced by indentation of diamond-like films deposited on glass substrates. In the indentation experiments, a Vickers indenter was loaded normally against a film surface with the load being kept in the range of 2g to 300g. The contact region was observed and photographed in-situ using a high resolution, optical microscope and video imaging system, while the indentation load-history was measured with a piezo-electric force sensor attached to the indenter. The experiments have enabled detailed observations to be made of the contact damage such as the initiation of film delamination and cracks in the film; the loads at which these events occur and their evolution during loading and unloading; and the ejection of fractured film fragments from the substrate. The implications of these results to characterizing the relative failure resistance of various films and for estimating their cohesive and adhesive strengths are discussed.
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Bastawros, Ashraf, and Antonia Antoniou. "Experimental Observations of the Deformation Characteristics in Layered Structures." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43318.

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A novel experimental configuration is devised to measure the evolution of the deformation field and the corresponding toughness evolution within soft metallic films constrained by hard layers. The experimental configuration provides pure shear state within the constrained film. The material system utilized was comprised of a ductile layer of Tin based solder, encapsulated within relatively hard copper shoulders. Different Tin-Lead compositions are tested with grain size approaching the film thickness. The in-plane strain distribution within the film layer is measured by a microscopic digital image correlation system. The toughness evolution within such highly gradient deformation field is monitored qualitatively through a 2D surface scan with a nano-indentor. The measurements showed a highly inhomogeneous deformation field within the film with discreet shear bands of concentrated strain. The localized shear bands showed long-range correlations of the order of 3–4 the grain size. A size-dependent macroscopic response on the layer thickness is observed. However, the corresponding film thickness is approximately 100–1000 times larger than those predicted by non-local continuum theories and discreet dislocation.
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Wu, Wen, Peipei Chen, Barclay G. Jones, and Ty A. Newell. "Visualization of Sub-Cooled Flow Film Boiling in Horizontal Channel on Flat Heat Exchangers." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89548.

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The observation of sub-cooled flow film boiling was performed on a single-side-heated flat heat exchanger by using refrigerant R134a as the testing fluid. A stable vapor film was observed with the co-existence of sub-cooled bulk liquid. Vapor bubbles might release from the film, with the number and frequency changing under different conditions. The purpose of this paper is to describe these observations, and to provide a quantitative analysis of the phenomena. Results are compared with Berenson’s model on horizontal heating surface, with discussion and suggestion made.
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Silva, T. J., T. M. Crawford, C. T. Rogers, and Y. K. Kim. "Observation of surface oxide properties by the second harmonic magneto-optic Kerr effect in Ni81Fe19 films." In Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1996.nwc.4.

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The surface properties of air-exposed magnetic thin films are attracting increased interest as the magnetic disk drive industry moves toward higher storage densities, requiring ever smaller read sensor dimensions [1,2]. A rapid increase in the magnitude of magnetostriction in NiFe films with thickness below 5-6 nm is attributed to the surface properties of the films, which begin to dominate as the surface layer becomes a larger percentage of the total film volume [1, 2]. NiFe films are of particular interest in this regard, owing to the material’s extensive use in magnetic data storage devices.
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Men, Liqiu Q., Huiyong Liu, Fusong S. Jiang, Fuxi Gan, Jielin Sun, and Minqian Li. "Microstructural observation of short-wavelength recorded spots of phase-change thin film by atomic force microscopy." In Third International Conference on Thin Film Physics and Applications, edited by Shixun Zhou, Yongling Wang, Yi-Xin Chen, and Shuzheng Mao. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.300714.

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Sonoda, T., A. Watazu, J. Zhu, W. Shi, A. Kamiya, K. Kato, and T. Asahina. "Enhanced Industrial Applicability of Aluminum Alloy by Coating Technique With Titanium/Carbon Compositionally Gradient Film Using Magnetron Co-Sputtering." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39382.

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Coating of Aluminium alloy substrates with Ti/C compositionally gradient films was examined by magnetron sputtering, in order to improve not only the abrasion resistance of the alloy but also the adhesion between the deposited film and the alloy substrate with preserving the high hardness of such ceramic coatings. The Ti/C compositionally gradient films were deposited by co-sputtering of 2 sputter cathodes which had a pure titanium target and a titanium carbide target respectively, and their compositionally gradient was realized by varying continuously the electric power supplied to each sputter cathode. Under visual observation, the obtained Ti/C compositionally gradient films appeared to be uniform and adhesive. According to AES in-depth profiles, the carbon (C) concentration in the film gradually decreased in depth direction from trhe surface toward the substrate, confirming that a Ti/C compositionally gradient film had formed on the alloy substrate. On the basis of XRD, it was found that titanium carbide and α-titanium phases were formed in the gradient film. Furthermore the Vickers hardness of the film reached over Hv=2600. Therefore the abrasion resistance of the alloy and the adhesion of the hard coatings were expected to be improved by this method.
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Reports on the topic "Observational film"

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Kordesch, Martin E. The In situ Observation of Diamond Film Nucleation and Growth. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada248203.

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Kruizenga, Alan Michael, William J. Kolb, Ronald J. Briggs, Joshua Mark Christian, Daniel A. Ray, David Gill, John W. Kelton, and Kye Martin Chisman. Loop for the observation of film temperature effects on decomposition (LOFTED). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1323356.

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Lever, James, Susan Taylor, Garrett Hoch, and Charles Daghlian. Evidence that abrasion can govern snow kinetic friction. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42646.

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The long-accepted theory to explain why snow is slippery postulates self-lubrication: frictional heat from sliding melts and thereby lubricates the contacting snow grains. We recently published micro-scale interface observations that contradicted this explanation: contacting snow grains abraded and did not melt under a polyethylene slider, despite low friction values. Here we provide additional observational and theoretical evidence that abrasion can govern snow kinetic friction. We obtained coordinated infrared, visible-light and scanning-electron micrographs that confirm that the evolving shapes observed during our tribometer tests are contacting snow grains polished by abrasion, and that the wear particles can sinter together and fill the adjacent pore spaces. Furthermore, dry-contact abrasive wear reasonably predicts the evolution of snow-slider contact area and sliding-heat-source theory confirms that contact temperatures would not reach 0°C during our tribometer tests. Importantly, published measurements of interface temperatures also indicate that melting did not occur during field tests on sleds and skis. Although prevailing theory anticipates a transition from dry to lubricated contact along a slider, we suggest that dry-contact abrasion and heat flow can prevent this transition from occurring for snow-friction scenarios of practical interest.
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Kordesch, Martin E. The In Situ Observation of Epitaxial Diamond Thin Film Nucleation and Growth using Emission Electron Microscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada296639.

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Alviarez, Vanessa, Javier Cravino, and Natalia Ramondo. Firm-Embedded Productivity and Cross-Country Income Differences. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003029.

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We measure the contribution of firm-embedded productivity to cross-country income differences. By firm-embedded productivity we refer to the components of productivity that differ across firms and that can be transferred internationally, such as blueprints, management practices, and intangible capital. Our approach relies on micro-level data on the cross-border operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We compare the market shares of the exact same MNE in different countries and document that they are about four times larger in developing than in high-income coun-tries. This finding indicates that MNEs face less competition in less-developed coun-tries, suggesting that firm-embedded productivity in those countries is scarce. We propose and implement a new measure of firm-embedded productivity based on this observation. We find a strong positive correlation between our measure and output per worker across countries. In our sample, differences in firm-embedded productivity account for roughly a third of the cross-country variance in output per worker.
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Lever, James, Austin Lines, Susan Taylor, Garrett Hoch, Emily Asenath-Smith, and Devinder Sodhi. Revisiting mechanics of ice–skate friction : from experiments at a skating rink to a unified hypothesis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42642.

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The mechanics underlying ice–skate friction remain uncertain despite over a century of study. In the 1930s, the theory of self-lubrication from frictional heat supplanted an earlier hypothesis that pressure melting governed skate friction. More recently, researchers have suggested that a layer of abraded wear particles or the presence of quasi-liquid molecular layers on the surface of ice could account for its slipperiness. Here, we assess the dominant hypotheses proposed to govern ice– skate friction and describe experiments conducted in an indoor skating rink aimed to provide observations to test these hypotheses. Our results indicate that the brittle failure of ice under rapid compression plays a strong role. Our observations did not confirm the presence of full contact water films and are more consistent with the presence of lubricating ice-rich slurries at discontinuous high-pressure zones (HPZs). The presence of ice-rich slurries supporting skates through HPZs merges pressure-melting, abrasion and lubricating films as a unified hypothesis for why skates are so slippery across broad ranges of speeds, temperatures and normal loads. We suggest tribometer experiments to overcome the difficulties of investigating these processes during actual skating trials.
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Crespi, Gustavo, Charlotte Guillard, Mónica Salazar, and Fernando Vargas. Harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys Database (LAIS): Firm-Level Microdata for the Study of Innovation. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004040.

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To create and promote comprehensive regional innovation policy, it is important to have valid, comparable, and standardized innovation survey data from different countries in Latin America. The Harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys Database (LAIS) contains nearly 690 variables and 119,900 observations at the firm level. Data are from 30 national innovation surveys conducted between 2007 and 2017 in 10 Latin American countries. The dataset increases the number of countries of the region with publicly available microdata about innovation at the firm level. The corresponding IDB technical note describes how criteria were applied to identify and select variables, whose data measure the same underlying concept, from substantially diverse innovation survey methods and questionnaires used in different Latin American countries. The availability of these data will allow more scholars to research innovation in Latin American firms and address long-standing unanswered questions about the relative importance a variety of factors driving innovation decisions in Latin American firms.
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Neeley, Aimee, Stace E. Beaulieu, Chris Proctor, Ivona Cetinić, Joe Futrelle, Inia Soto Ramos, Heidi M. Sosik, et al. Standards and practices for reporting plankton and other particle observations from images. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27377.

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This technical manual guides the user through the process of creating a data table for the submission of taxonomic and morphological information for plankton and other particles from images to a repository. Guidance is provided to produce documentation that should accompany the submission of plankton and other particle data to a repository, describes data collection and processing techniques, and outlines the creation of a data file. Field names include scientificName that represents the lowest level taxonomic classification (e.g., genus if not certain of species, family if not certain of genus) and scientificNameID, the unique identifier from a reference database such as the World Register of Marine Species or AlgaeBase. The data table described here includes the field names associatedMedia, scientificName/ scientificNameID for both automated and manual identification, biovolume, area_cross_section, length_representation and width_representation. Additional steps that instruct the user on how to format their data for a submission to the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) are also included. Examples of documentation and data files are provided for the user to follow. The documentation requirements and data table format are approved by both NASA’s SeaWiFS Bio-optical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS) and the National Science Foundation’s Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO).
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Charatsi, Dimitra, Polyxeni Vanakara, Michail Nikolaou, Aikaterini Evaggelopoulou, Dimitrios Korfias, Foteini Simopoulou, Nikolaos Charalampakis, et al. Vaginal Dilator Use to Promote Sexual Wellbeing After Radiotherapy in Gynaecological Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Observational Study. Science Repository, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ijcst.2021.03.01.sup.

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Background: Since continuing advances in radiotherapy technology broaden the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of gynaecologic malignancies, the use of vaginal dilators has been introduced in order to mitigate the risk of vaginal stenosis. The main aims of this study were to investigate the vaginal dilator use efficacy in the treatment of radiation-induced vaginal stenosis and the vaginal dilator effect on sexual quality of life. Methods: We studied fifty-three patients with endometrial or cervical cancer. The participants were treated with radical or adjuvant external beam radiotherapy and/or brachytherapy. They were routinely examined at four time points post-radiotherapy when also they were asked to fill in a validated sexual function-vaginal changes questionnaire. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The vaginal stenosis grading score was decreased and the size of the vaginal dilator comfortably insertable was gradually increased throughout the year of vaginal dilator use while radiation-induced vaginal and sexual symptoms were improved throughout the year of VD use. All patients with initial grade 3 showed vaginal stenosis of grade 2 after 12 months of vaginal dilator use and 65.8% of the patients with grade 2 initial vaginal stenosis demonstrated final vaginal stenosis grade 1 while 77.8% of the participants with initial 1st size of vaginal dilators reached the 3rd vaginal dilator size after 12 months. Starting time of dilator therapy <= 3 months after the end of radiotherapy was associated with a significant decrease in vaginal stenosis. Additionally, there was an overall upward trend regarding patients’ satisfaction with their sexual life. Conclusion: Endometrial and cervical cancer survivors should be encouraged to use vaginal dilators for the treatment of vaginal stenosis and sexual rehabilitation after radiotherapy.
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Crespi, Gustavo, Charlotte Guillard, Mónica Salazar, and Fernando Vargas. Open configuration options Harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys Database (LAIS): Firm-Level Microdata for the Study of Innovation. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004057.

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This paper provides the methods through which the first version of the harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys database (LAIS) was built. LAIS, which is made freely available through the Inter-American Development Bank, contains nearly 690 variables and 119,900 observations at the firm level from 30 national innovation surveys conducted between 2007 and 2017 in 10 Latin American countries, increasing the number of countries of the region with publicly available microdata. This paper describes how, starting from significantly different survey methods and questionnaires between countries, criteria were applied to identify and select variables from different surveys measuring the same underlying concept. It also discusses and guides how differences in survey methodologies may affect comparisons even after the harmonization of variables. LAIS includes data on innovation activities expenditures, sources of information and collaborations for innovation, innovation obstacles, outputs and effects, protection of innovation results, and general firm characteristics. Since LAIS significantly decreases the cost of making data comparisons between countries, it will allow more scholars to research innovation in Latin American firms and to tackle long-standing unanswered questions about the importance of framework conditions in LAC for innovation decisions in firms.
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