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Barou, Emilie. "De l'ingénierie de protéines de liaison aux odorants à la détection électrochimique de molécules volatiles : vers la conception de biocapteurs et nez électroniques." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS045.
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La détection de molécules odorantes représente un enjeu important dans divers domaines tels que l’industrie alimentaire, le diagnostic médical et la sécurité du territoire, par exemple. En effet, les odorants, présents par milliers dans notre environnement, véhiculent de nombreuses informations, via leur nature chimique ou leur concentration. Notre système olfactif est capable de discriminer des milliers de molécules différentes via des mécanismes biochimiques impliquant l’association de nombreux partenaires protéiques et un codage combinatoire de l’information. Ces biomolécules, qui englobent notamment les récepteurs olfactifs et les protéines de liaison aux odorants (OBP), constituent une source intéressante d’éléments de détection pour la conception de biocapteurs. Les OBP sont de petites protéines solubles présentent dans le mucus nasal à des concentrations de l’ordre du millimolaire. Leur poche de liaison hydrophobe leur confère la capacité de lier de façon réversible les molécules odorantes. Leur robustesse et leur manipulation aisée en font de bonnes candidates pour l’élaboration de biocapteurs. Au cours de ce travail, nous nous sommes intéressés à la détection de molécules odorantes en associant des OBP comme biorécepteur et l’électrochimie comme méthode de transduction. Par une méthode de mutagenèse dirigée, nous avons montré qu’en modifiant un seul des acides aminés dans la poche de liaison de deux OBP de rat (rOBP2 et rOBP3), il était possible de moduler leurs affinités envers les odorants. En parallèle, nous avons décrit la détection qualitative et quantitative de molécules volatiles à partir d’OBP. Nous avons montré que rOBP3 lie la 2-méthyl-1,4-naphtoquinone (MNQ), une sonde électrochimique. La quantité de MNQ déplacée de la poche de liaison de rOBP3 par la 3-isobutyl-2-méthoxypyrazine (IBMP), un odorant modèle, a été mesurée par voltammétrie cyclique à vagues carrées. Nous avons déterminé les constantes de dissociation des complexes rOBP3 / MNQ et rOBP3 / IBMP. Les valeurs mesurées par électrochimie ont été confirmées par compétition avec une sonde fluorescente et par titration calorimétrique isotherme. En combinant cette nouvelle méthode analytique à des variants de rOBP3 qui présentent des profils de liaison différents et complémentaires, nous avons détecté sélectivement chacun des constituants d’un mélange ternaire d’odorants. Ces travaux, qui allient ingénierie des OBP et électrochimie, offrent des perspectives intéressantes dans le domaine des nez électroniquesThe detection of odorant molecules has become an important challenge in different research area, such as the food industry, medical diagnostics and homeland security. Indeed, the thousands of odorants in our environment provide information on their chemical nature or their concentration. Human olfactory system is capable of discriminating thousands of different molecules thanks to biochemical mechanisms involving multiple protein receptor partners and a combinatorial coding. These biomolecules that include olfactory receptors and odorant-binding proteins (OBP) represent an interesting source of detectors for the design of biosensors. OBPs are small soluble proteins present in nasal mucus at millimolar concentrations. Their hydrophobic binding pocket gives them the ability to reversibly bind odorant molecules. OBPs are robust and easy to produce and are thus good candidates for the design of biosensors. In this work, we focused on the detection of odorant molecules associating OBPs as a bioreceptor and electrochemistry as a transduction method. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we have shown that by substituting a single amino acid in the binding pocket of two rat OBPs (rOBP2 and rOBP3), it is possible to modulate their binding affinities towards odorants. In parallel, we described a qualitative and quantitative method for the detection of volatile molecules using OBPs. We have shown that rOBP3 binds 2-methyl-1,4-naphtoquinone (MNQ), an electrochemical probe. The amount of MNQ displaced from the binding pocket of rOBP3 by the model odorant 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), was measured using square-wave voltammetry. We determined the dissociation constants of the rOBP3 / MNQ and rOBP3 / IBMP complexes. These values measured by electrochemistry were confirmed by a competitive fluorescent assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. By combining this new analytical method to rOBP3 variants with different and complementary binding profiles, we were able to selectively detect each of the components of a ternary mixture of odorants. This work, that combines the engineering of OBPs and electrochemistry, offers us interesting perspectives in the field of electronic noses
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Danesfahani, Gholam Reza. "A study in optimising a multicarrier demultiplexer demodulator (MCDD) for on-board processing (OBP) satellites." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309262.
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Millery, Julie. "Une adaptation du système olfactif au milieu aérien : les Olfactory-Binding Protein (OBP) chez Xenopus laevis et Xenopus tropicalis." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS047.
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Les Olfactory-binding protein (OBP), sont des protéines largement retrouvées dans le mucus olfactif d’un grand nombre de vertébrés mais elles n’ont cependant jamais été mises en évidence chez le poisson. Assez peu de choses sont connues sur leur fonction exacte au sein du système olfactif mais un rôle dans l’adaptation de ce système au milieu aérien est fortement suspecté. Le xénope possède un double système olfactif composé de deux cavités l’une dédiée à l’olfaction aquatique (CM) et l’autre dédiée à l’olfaction aérienne (CP). Cette particularité nous a permis de tester notre hypothèse. Nous avons pour la première fois caractérisée des OBP chez X. Laevis et X. Tropicalis. Grâce aux techniques de transcription inverse et de RACE 3’, deux produits ont été clonés et séquencés. Ces clones ont été utilisé afin d’étudier les patrons d’expression de ces protéines au niveau du système olfactif de ces deux espèces par HIS et immunocytochimie. Les transcrits et les protéines ont été localisés uniquement au niveau de la cavité aérienne de ces deux espèces soutenant donc l’idée que ces protéines seraient impliquées dans une adaptation du système olfactif au milieu aérien. De plus, suite à une étude réalisée sur une banque de gènes étiquetés, nous avons mis en évidence l’existence d’un second gène d’OBP présent chez X. Laevis uniquement et pas chez X. TropicalisOlfactory Binding Proteins (OBP), commonly associated with aerial olfaction, are currently found in mammals olfactory mucus, but have never been identified in fish. It is not clear yet if OBP is an adaptation of the olfactory system to an aerial environment. Adult olfactory system Xenopus is organized into two olfactory chambers which are thought to be devoted respectively to aquatic (MC) and aerial olfaction (PC). This specificity provides us the opportunity to test this alternative hypothesis. We have identified for the first time Olfactory Binding Protein in Xenopus laevis and tropicalis. By a reverse transcription and 3’ RACE strategy two products were cloned and sequenced. These cloned sequences were used to analyse the expression pattern of the gene by HIS and immunocytochemistry in the olfactory system of two Xenopus species: X. Laevis and X. Tropicalis. The transcripts and the proteins are only present in the aerial chamber supporting the idea that OBPs are an adaptation to aerial olfaction. Moreover, from an EST (expressed sequence tag) library we also demonstrated that X. Laevis has 2 different OBP genes while X. Tropicalis has only one gene
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Orra, Mike. "Study on the Simulation and Analysis of an FH/FDMA OBP Satellite Based Mobile Communication System Under Critical Channel Impairment." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1277496071.
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Foret, Sylvain, and sylvain foret@anu edu au. "Function and Evolution of Putative Odorant Carriers in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)." The Australian National University. Research School of Biological Sciences, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070613.144745.
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The remarkable olfactory power of insect species is thought to be generated by a combinatorial action of G-protein-coupled olfactory receptors (ORs) and olfactory carriers. Two such carrier gene families are found in insects: the odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and the chemosensory proteins (CSPs). In olfactory sensilla, OBPs and CSPs are believed to deliver hydrophobic air-borne molecules to ORs, but their expression in non-olfactory tissues suggests that they also may function as general carriers in other developmental and physiological processes.
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Bioinformatics and experimental approaches were used to characterise the OBP and CSP gene families in a highly social insect, the western honey bee (Apis mellifera). Comparison with other insects reveals that the honey bee has the smallest set of these genes, consisting of only 21 OBPs and 6 CSPs. These numbers stand in stark contrast to the 66 OBPs and 7 CSPs in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae and the 46 OBPs and 20 CSPs in the beetle Tribolium castaneum. The genes belonging to both families are often organised in clusters, and evolve by lineage specic expansions. Positive selection has been found to play a role in generating a greater sequence diversication in the OBP family in contrast to the CSP gene family that is more conserved, especially in the binding pocket. Expression proling under a wide range of conditions shows that, in the honey, bee only a minority of these genes are antenna-specic. The remaining genes are expressed either ubiquitously, or are tightly regulated in specialized tissues or during development. These findings support the view that OBPs and CSPs are not restricted to olfaction, and are likely to be involved in broader physiological functions.
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Finally, the detailed expression study and the functional characterization of a member of the CSP family, uth (unable-to-hatch), is reported. This gene is expressed in a maternal-zygotic fashion, and is restricted to the egg and embryo. Blocking the zygotic expression of uth with double-stranded RNA causes abnormalities in all body parts where this gene is highly expressed.
The treated embryos are `unable-to-hatch' and cannot progress to the larval stages. Our ndings reveal a novel, essential role for this gene family and suggest that uth is an ectodermal gene involved in embryonic cuticle formation.
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Campanini, Emeline Boni. "Evolução molecular e padrões de expressão de genes da família das proteínas ligantes a odores (OBPs) em duas espécies de moscas-das-frutas do grupo Anastrepha fraterculus." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8772.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are of great importance for survival and reproduction since they participate in initial steps of the olfactory signal transduction cascade, solubilizing and transporting chemical signals to the olfactory receptors. A comparative analysis of OBPs between closely related species may help explain how these genes evolve and are maintained under natural selection and how differences in these proteins can affect olfactory responses, and consequently lead to species differentiation. We studied OBP genes in the closely related species Anastrepha fraterculus and Anastrepha obliqua, which, albeit generalists, have different host preferences, using transcriptomes and real time quantitative PCR data. We identified 24 different OBP sequences from Anastrepha fraterculus and 25 from A. obliqua, which correspond to 21 Drosophila melanogaster OBP genes. Phylogenetic analysis separated Anastrepha OBPs sequences in four branches that represent four subfamilies: classic, minus-C, plus-C and dimer. We found evidence of positive selection in three classic subfamily genes OBP56h-1, OBP56h-2 e OBP57c and in the plus-C subfamily gene OBP50a, and at least one duplication event that preceded the speciation of these two species. Four positively selected sites putatively resulted in radical changes in amino acid properties. Inferences on tertiary structures of putative proteins from these genes revealed that at least one positively selected change involves the binding cavity (the odorant binding region) in the plus-C OBP50a, which is important because changes in the binding cavity could change OBPs specificity. Differential gene expression analysis at different reproductive stages showed that all nine OBP genes tested were significantly differentially expressed between A. fraterculus and A. obliqua at several reproductive profiles, but OBP56a, OBP56d, OBP57c and both OBP56h paralogs showed the highest differences in expression levels. The results generated in this study indicated that at least seven OBP genes may be involved in the A. fraterculus e A. obliqua differentiation, and in the fraterculus group differentiation as well.
As proteínas ligantes a odores (OBPs – odorant-binding proteins) são de grande importância para a sobrevivência e reprodução, pois participam do passo inicial da cascata de transdução dos sinais olfatórios, solubilizando e transportando os sinais químicos (odores e feromônios) até os receptores olfativos. A análise comparativa dos genes OBPs entre espécies próximas pode ajudar na compreensão de como o repertório desses genes é mantido sob seleção natural, além de fornecer informações acerca de como as diferenças observadas podem afetar as respostas olfatórias e, consequentemente, levar à diferenciação dessas espécies. Estudamos genes OBP em duas espécies-irmãs Anastrepha fraterculus e Anastrepha obliqua, as quais têm preferência por diferentes frutos hospedeiros, usando dados de transcriptomas e de PCR quantitativa. Identificamos 24 sequências OBP para A. fraterculus e 25 para A. obliqua, que corresponderam a 21 genes OBP de Drosophila melanogaster. Análises filogenéticas separaram as OBPs de Anastrepha em quatro ramos, que representam quatro subfamílias dessa família gênica: classic, minus-C, plus-C e dimer. Evidências de seleção positiva foram observadas nos genes da subfamília classic OBP56h-1, OBP56h-2 e OBP57c, e para o gene da subfamília plus-C OBP50a, e pelo menos um evento de duplicação gênica que precede a especiação dessas duas espécies. Quatro sítios selecionados positivamente resultavam em mudanças radicais nas propriedades dos aminoácidos. Inferências utilizando a estrutura terciária predita para essas OBPs revelaram que pelo menos um desses sítios faz parte da cavidade ligante ao odor de OBP50a, sendo que uma mudança nessa região pode alterar a especificidade de uma OBP. Análises de expressão por PCR quantitativa em diferentes estágios reprodutivos das moscas mostraram que todos os nove genes testados possuíam expressão gênica significativamente diferente entre A. fraterculus e A. obliqua para mais de um perfil reprodutivo, sendo que OBP56a, OBP56d, OBP57c e os dois parálogos OBP56h foram os que mais apresentaram diferenças entre as duas espécies. Todos os resultados gerados pelo presente trabalho indicam que pelo menos sete genes OBP podem estar envolvidos na diferenciação entre A. fraterculus e A. obliqua e, potencialmente, na diferenciação do grupo fraterculus.
FAPESP: 2012/17160-8.
CAPES: 99999.004252/2014-04
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Arnal, Maud. "Bis(Monoacylglycéro)Phosphate, oxystérols et ORP11 : un trio régulateur du trafic du cholestérol dans les macrophages." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10288/document.
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L'athérosclérose est une complication cardiovasculaire majeure des maladies liées à une augmentation du stress oxydatif, comme le diabète de type 2 et le syndrome métabolique. Dans ces situations, les lipoprotéines de faible densité (LDL) subissent une oxydation et leur forte absorption induit une accumulation de cholestérol dans les macrophages sous-endothéliaux. D'autre part, les LDL oxydées sont enrichies en produits d'oxydation du cholestérol appelés oxystérols, dont certains sont impliqués dans la capacité des LDL oxydées à induire un stress oxydant cellulaire et une cytotoxicité, principalement par apoptose. Le Bis(Monoacylglycéro)Phosphate (BMP) est un phospholipide unique, localisé préférentiellement dans les endosomes tardifs, compartiment cellulaire clef dans le métabolisme du cholestérol dérivé des LDL. Lors de travaux antérieurs, l'équipe a démontré le rôle prépondérant du BMP dans la régulation de l'homéostasie du cholestérol dans les macrophages. L'objectif de ce travail a été de décrypter les mécanismes moléculaires intervenant dans le trafic intracellulaire du cholestérol. Ainsi, le BMP régule l'efflux de cholestérol par les HDL (high density lipoproteins) grâce à des mécanismes impliquant les LXRs (liver X receptors) et les transporteurs ABCA1/ABCG1 (ATP binding cassette-type A1/G1). De plus, notre étude indique que le BMP exerce également un rôle protecteur contre l'effet pro-apoptotique des LDL oxydées via la réduction de la production intracellulaire d'oxystérols. Comme une partie du trafic intracellulaire des stérols au sein des macrophages est régulé par OSBP (oxysterol binding protein) et ses protéines dérivées, les ORPs (OSBP-related proteins), nous montrons dans ce rapport que l'action de protection du BMP contre les effets cytotoxiques des oxystérols est fortement diminuée dans des cellules où la protéine ORP11 est supprimée, suggérant que le BMP exerce son rôle protecteur via un mécanisme utilisant la fonction d'ORP11 dans le transport intracellulaire de stérolsAtherosclerosis is a major cardiovascular complication in increased oxidative stress-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In these situations, the low density lipoproteins (LDL) undergo oxidation and their high uptake induces cholesterol accumulation in subendothelial macrophages. On the other hand, oxidized LDL are enriched in cholesterol oxidation products called oxysterols, some of them are involved in the ability of oxidized LDL to induce cellular oxidative stress and cytotoxicity, mainly by apoptosis. Bis(Monoacylglycero)Phosphate (BMP) is a unique phospholipid localized preferentially in late endosomes, a central cellular compartment of LDL-cholesterol metabolism. In previous work, the team demonstrated the leading role of BMP in regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in macrophages. The aim of this work was to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol. Thus, BMP regulates cholesterol efflux to HDL (high density lipoproteins) by mechanisms involving liver X receptors (LXRs) and ABCA1/ABCG1 (ATP binding cassette-type A1/G1) transporters. Moreover, we report BMP also exerts a protective role against the pro-apoptotic effect of oxidized LDL via a reduced production of intracellular pro-apoptotic oxysterols.As part of macrophage intracellular sterol traffic is regulated by oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) and OSBP-related proteins (ORPs), we show that protective action of BMP against cytotoxic oxysterol effects in ORP11-silenced cells, was markedly abrogated, suggesting BMP exerts its protective role via a mechanism involving the function of ORP11 in intracellular sterol transport
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Manoharan, Malini. "Genomic, structural and functional characterization of odorant binding proteins in olfaction of mosquitoes involved in infectious disease transmission." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979587.
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The role of odorant binding proteins in the olfaction of mosquitoes, the primary mechanism of human host recognition, has been an important focus of biological research in the field of infectious disease transmission by these insects. This thesis provides an in depth knowledge of these proteins in three mosquito species Anopheles gambiae, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. A large scale analysis on these genomes has been carried out towards the identification of the odorant binding proteins in the mosquito genomes. Identification of many new OBP members, in particular in the Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus species, and an extensive phylogenetic analysis presenting a novel classification of the OBP subfamilies of these mosquito species has been proposed. This results further demonstrates the extraordinary multiplicity and diversity of the OBP gene repertoire in these three mosquito genomes and highlights the striking sequence features that are nevertheless highly conserved across all mosquito OBPs. Owing to the availability of homologous structures from mosquitoes or related species, the 3D structure modelling of all the Classic OBPs from the three genomes (representing in total 137 structures) has been performed. This was completed by large scale docking studies on these structures by screening a large set of compounds that are known to be mosquito attractants or repellents. These provide many exciting new insights into the structural and functional aspects towards understanding the efficacy of some repellents and of some attractants from human emanations. Through molecular dynamics simulation, the structural changes observed in an OBP bounded to an odorant when pH conditions are modified were characterized and the probable mechanism of ligand binding and release is presented. This work provides the first insights to many of the long awaited questions on the genomic, structural and functional characterization of mosquito OBPs and can be viewed as a reliable starting point for further experimental research focussed on these aspects.
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Matshidiso, Mekube Norah. "Educators' perceptions of Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) assessment / Mekube Norah Matshidiso." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1398.
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Lundie, Samuel. "Ondersoek na uitkomsgebaseerde assessering in Suid-Afrikaanse skole / deur Samuel Lundie." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4754.
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The implementation of outcomes-based education (OBE) in South African schools brought radical changes to the teaching profession. The transition to an OBE curriculum exerted a great impact on teachers' assessment practices and required a major revision of teaching and learning activities.
Outcomes-based assessment (OBA) does not only require of teachers to design appropriate assessment plans, assessment programmes and assessment strategies, but it also implies that learners should be provided with expanded and 89Propriate opportunities to achieve in accordance with their abilities.
Thus, it is of the utmost importance that the training of teachers should not only focus on the demands that OBA make on the learner, but specifically on what OBA expects from the teacher. The main aim of assessment is to promote teaching and learning, which implies that teachers must assess in such a way that quality information about learner performance will be produced. The teacher must record and interpret this information carefully, in order to enable professional and accountable decisions about learner performance and to give constructive feedback to learners and their parents.
Easier said than done! The implementation of OBE and specifically OBA elicited serious debates and fierce criticism from a variety of sources. Since the implementation of OBE, quite a number of newspaper reports reflected the negativity of teachers, educationists and other role players towards OBE and particularly OBA. OBE and OBA have become problematic and controversial issues in South Africa.
In light of the above mentioned the purpose of this study was to determine the nature, scope and causes of the problems experienced with OBA in South African schools and come forward with practical, supportive recommendations that could alleviate and/or improve the situation.
In order to determine the difficulties experienced with OBA empirical, quantitative and qualitative research methods were utilised. A structured questionnaire, with closed and open items, was sent to a representative sample of South African public schools. The resultant data was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed and the following main findings emerged from the research:
1. The training that teachers receive from the education department is inadequate for the successful implementation of OBA in South African schools.
2. Teachers' knowledge of OBE, and more specifically OBA, is too superficial to implement OBA successfully.
3. The assessment practices of teachers reflect that they have not yet made the transition from traditional and conventional types of assessment to authentic OBA. Assessment is primarily used for summative purposes and not for formative purposes, as is supposed to be the case.
4. The education department do not adequately support and empower teachers for the successful implementation of OBA.
In light of the research findings, recommendations were made to promote the implementation of OBA in schools.Die implementering van uitkomsgebaseerde onderwys (UGO) in Suid-Afrikaanse skole het radikale veranderinge vir die onderwysprofessie teweeggebring. Die oorgang na 'n UGOkurrikulum het 'n diepgaande impak op onderwysers se assesseringspraktyke gehad en het grootskaalse wysigings van onderrig-en leeraktiwiteite ingehou. Uitkomsgebaseerde assessering (UGA) verlang nie net van onderwysers om toepaslike assesseringsplanne, assesseringsprogramme en assesseringstrategiee te ontwerp nie, maar ook om aan leerders uitgebreide en toepaslike geleenthede te bied om volgens hulle vermoe te presteer. Dit is dus uiters belangrik dat daar in die opleiding van onderwysers nie net gelet sal word op wat UGA van die leerder vereis nie, maar spesifiek op wat UGA van die onderwyser verwag. Die hoofdoel van assessering is om onderrig en leer te bevorder en onderwysers moet dus op so 'n wyse assesseer dat dit kwaliteitinligting oor leerderprestasie lewer. Die onderwyser moet hierdie inligting noukeurig rekordeer en interpreteer, sodat professionele en verantwoordbare besluite oor leerderprestasie geneem kan word en op 'n konstruktiewe wyse aan leerders en hulle ouers oorgedra kan word. Makliker gese as gedaan! Die implementering van UGO, en in besonder UGA, het 'n hewige debat en felle kritiek uit verskillende oorde ontlok. Talle koerantberigte het sedert die implementering van UGO die negatiwiteit van onderwysers, opvoedkundiges en ander rolspelers teenoor UGO en in die besonder UGA weerspieel. UGO en UGA het 'n problematiese en kontroversiele aangeleentheid in Suid-Afrika geword. Teen die agtergrond van bogenoemde, was die doel van hierdie ondersoek om die aard, omvang en oorsake van die UGO-assesseringsknelpunte in Suid-Afrikaanse skole te bepaal en om met praktykgerigte, hulpverlenende aanbevelings na vore te kom om die situasie te verlig en/of te verbeter. Ten einde die problematiek van UGA empiries te bepaal is daar van beide kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes gebruik gemaak. 'n Gestruktureerde vraelys (met geslote en oop items) is aan 'n verteenwoordigende steekproef van Suid-Afrikaanse staatskole gestuur. Die ingesamelde data is kwalitatief en kwantitatief geanaliseer en die volgende hoofbevindinge het uit die ondersoek voortgespruit: 1. Die opleiding wat onderwysers van die onderwysdepartement ontvang, is ontoereikend vir die suksesvolle implementering van UGA in Suid-Afrikaanse skole. 2. Onderwysers se kennis van UGO, en meer spesifiek UGA, is te oppervlakkig om UGA prakties suksesvol te implementeer. 3. Die assesseringspraktyke van onderwysers weerspieel dat hulle nog nie van die tradisionele en konvensionele tipes van assessering wegbeweeg het, na outentieke UGA toe nie. Assessering word ook oorwegend vir summatiewe doeleindes aangewend en nie vir formatiewe doeleindes, so os dit veronderstel is om te gebeur nie. 4. Onderwysers word ook nie toereikend deur die onderwysdepartement ondersteun en bemagtig om UGA suksesvol te implementeer nie. Aan die hand van die bevindinge is aanbevelings, te, bevordering van UGA-implementering in skole, gemaak.
Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Nukui, Sonia Maria Machado de Oliveira. "A PSICOTERAPIA BREVE OPERACIONALIZADA DE MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1303.
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This research was conducted with two women under situations of domestic violence and was based on theoretical, technical and methodological aspects of psychological intervention called OBP-Operational Brief Psychotherapy. The aim was to analyze the process of OBP of women in situations of domestic violence. The method was a clinical study of the psychoanalytic approach that is based on the study of descriptive case study. Participants performed five diagnostic interviews and were also classified with severe ineffective adaptation featuring most limiting neurotic symptoms, inhibitions and restrictive rigidity of character traits. They went through OBP and after the end of the process the Follow up interviews were reassessed by EDAO. The data that was obtained in follow-up interviews showed that there was a change in adaptive efficiency. Participants were also classified with Moderate Inefficient Adaptation. They had some neurotic symptoms, moderate inhibition, some character traits. Our conclusion is that in the studied cases, though the analysis by sectors, the affective relational sector has established itself as a source of conflict and dissatisfaction bringing very few appropriate solutions, decisively influencing other sectors of adaptation. In addition, we observed the phenomenon of reproduction models of the past in the established relations in the present. In both studied cases there was a situation of physical and sexual abuse, which was configured as an inheritance coming from a relational dynamic of the family of origin and perpetuated freely in their nuclear families. Finally, it should be noticed that the patients participated actively during the therapeutic process. From the theorized interpretations, they were able to reconsider their attitudes towards problematic situations experienced and they were able to take some concrete steps to deal with them more adequately during and after the psychotherapeutic process. It was found that the process of brief psychotherapy and the use of operationalized theorized interpretations seem to have contributed to the change in the quality of adaptive efficacy of two women who took part in this study.
A presente pesquisa foi realizada com duas mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e fundamentou-se nos pressupostos teóricos, técnicos e metodológicos da intervenção psicológica intitulada PBO- Psicoterapia Breve Operacionalizada. O objetivo foi analisar o processo da PBO de mulheres em situação de violência doméstica. Para a realização do diagnóstico adaptativo operacionalizado utilizou-se como instrumento a EDAO - Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada. O método utilizado foi o estudo clínico de abordagem psicanalítica que tem como base o estudo descritivo do tipo estudo de caso. As participantes realizaram cinco entrevistas diagnósticas e foram classificadas igualmente com adaptação ineficaz severa apresentando sintomas neuróticos mais limitadores, inibições restritivas e rigidez de traços caracterológicos. Elas foram encaminhadas para um atendimento em PBO. Após o final do processo realizou-se as entrevistas de Follow up que foram novamente avaliadas por meio da EDAO. Os dados obtidos nas entrevistas de follow up mostraram que houve mudança na eficácia adaptativa. As participantes foram classificadas igualmente com Adaptação Ineficaz Moderada. Elas apresentavam alguns sintomas neuróticos, inibição moderada, alguns traços caracterológicos. Conclui-se que nos casos estudados, na análise por setores, pôde-se perceber que o setor afetivo relacional constituiu-se como uma fonte de conflitos e insatisfações gerando soluções em sua maioria pouquíssimas adequadas, obviamente, influenciando decisivamente os demais setores da adaptação. Também, observou-se o fenômeno da reprodução de modelos do passado nas relações estabelecidas no presente. Nos dois casos estudados houve uma situação de violência física e de abuso sexual, que se configurava como uma herança provinda de uma dinâmica relacional da família de origem e se perpetuava livremente em suas famílias nucleares. Por último, cabe assinalar que as pacientes participaram de forma ativa durante o processo terapêutico. A partir das interpretações teorizadas foram capazes de reconsiderarem suas atitudes frente às situações-problema vividas e puderam, durante e após o processo psicoterapêutico, adotar algumas medidas concretas para enfrentá-las de forma mais adequada. Conclui-se que o processo de psicoterapia breve operacionalizado e a utilização das interpretações teorizadas parecem ter contribuído para a mudança na qualidade da eficácia adaptativa das duas mulheres que fizeram parte deste estudo.
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Warnich, Pieter Gabriël. "Uitkomsgebaseerde assessering van geskiedenis in graad 10 / Pieter Gabriël Warnich." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1601.
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In 2006, Outcomes Based Education (OBE) was introduced into Grade 10 (as part of the FET band) for the first time. For the Grade 10 History teacher, this new teaching approach implied modified assessment practices, setting new demands and challenges. It brought about an adjusted assessment strategy through which the focus of formal assessment was shifted to an interactive and learner-centred approach of "doing" History rather than "facts" simply being assessed. Whether outcome based assessment (OBA) is executed meaningfully, is determined by the Grade 10 History teacher's ability to develop learning and assessment strategies that can integrate the critical outcomes, the development outcomes, the learning outcomes and the assessment standards meaningfully with the facilitation of the historic content.
The overarching aim of this research was to investigate the assessment practices of History teachers in Grade 10. It was undertaken within the framework of an extensive literature study on OBE and OBA as teaching processes - internationally and nationally.
In order to determine the assessment practices of Grade 10 History teachers, an empirical investigation was undertaken that was based on both quantitative and qualitative research methods, with a view to:
• establish to what extent the Grade 10 History teacher followed the guidelines/ prescriptions of OBA;
• determine the Grade 10 History teacher's knowledge, attitudes and skills regarding OBA;
• identify deficiencies and problems that prevent the Grade 10 History teacher from implementing OBA effectively; and
• design an OBA model for the Grade 10 History teacher.
A random sample of schools was drawn nationally. A structured questionnaire was sent to the Grade 10 History teachers of these schools [n = 424], of which a total of 122 was received back. The results were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and the following are but a few findings of this research:
• Most of the teachers were positively inclined towards OBA because it is aimed at developing the entire learner.
• Most of the teachers had sufficient knowledge of the assessment documents made available to them, and it was comprehensible.
• Most of the teachers were convinced that the training they had received, had not sufficiently empowered them professionally speaking for implementing OBA.
• Most of the teachers expressed the need for more support from the Department of Education concerning better in-service training programmes, more support from subject and curriculum advisors and more resources and learning and teaching support material being made available.
• Generally speaking, the theoretical knowledge of OBA of most of the teachers was good, but they desired more and longer practice oriented in-service training in specific aspects regarding OBA.
Based on the results proceeding from the research, recommendations were made in order to promote the practical implementation of OBA in schools. A holistic OBE quality model for teaching History was also designed that will empower the History teacher to implement OBA effectively to then especially complement the critical outcomes.Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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Pacheco-Olivella, Arsenio Andrew. "Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity with dioxygen, of Ru(OEP)(DPS)₂ and Ru(OEP)(DecMS)₂ [OEP= dianion of octaethylporphyrin; DPS= diphenylsulphide; DecMS= decylmethylsulphide]." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26020.
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The complexes Ru(OEP)(DPS)₂ (1) and Ru(OEP)(DecHS)₂ (2) were prepared in vacuo on a 100-mg scale by treatment of the dimeric species [Ru(OEP)]₂ (3) with a CH₂CI₂ solution containing a slight excess of the appropriate thioether [OEP= dianion of octaethylporphyrin; DPS= diphenylsulphide; DecMS= decylmethylsulphide]. In vacuo recrystallization, from n-heptane in the case of 1, and from n-pentane/methanol for 2, gave analytically pure material in 40 and 80 % yields, respectively. Both products were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, uv/vis absorption and nmr spectrometry, as well as elemental analysis.
Variable temperature nmr studies were carried out with both complexes. JL was found to be in thermodynamic equilibrium with 3, the dimer being favoured at about 80° C, and 1 at lower temperatures. Sharp nmr signals for the OEP protons of both equilibrating species, even at 80° C, indicated that exchange between them was slow on the nmr time scale; but, broadening and eventual coalescence at 80° C of the nmr signals for free and coordinated DPS suggested that the axial ligands of JL were quite labile. Cooling solutions of 2 caused the thioether methylene signals to broaden, and at -60° C the signals due to the methylenes closest to the sulphur split into broad doublets, this resulting from the prochiral nature of DecMS. The fact that only one nmr signal was observed for these methylene protons at room temperature implies rapid alternate coordination of the sulphur lone pairs.
The crystal structures of 1 and 2 revealed Ru-S bond lengths typical of Ru complexes containing trans-thioethers. The bond distances and angles of the porphyrin core were typical of those of monomeric Ru(Porp) complexes.
Dv/vis absorption, and nmr spectrometric studies, showed that 1 was extremely air-sensitive in solution, readily giving [Ru(OEP)OH]₂O and free DPS. Dv/vis absorption, nmr, and gc/mass spectrometric studies revealed that 2 reacted with dioxygen over a period of months to give Ru(OEP)(DecMS)(DecMSO) and Ru(OEP)(DecMSO)₂ as major products, as well as Ru(OEP)(CO)L (L= DecMS and DecMSO), and two other unidentified Ru(Porp) complexes as minor by-products [DecMSO= decylmethylsulphoxide].
In the presence of excess DecMS 2 catalyzed slow autoxidation of the free ligand to give DecMSO, DecMSO₂, and didecyldisulphide; the rate of this reaction was increased by addition of small quantities of HOAc [DecMSO₂ = decylmethyl-sulphone]. A major Ru(Porp) end-product both in the presence and absence of HOAc was Ru(OEP)(CO)L, the CO coming from Ru[sup II] (Porp)-mediated decarbonylation reactions.Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
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Böhm, Jannic. "Regulation der BOB. 1-OBF. 1-Expression und der BOB. 1-OBF. 1-Proteinstabilität." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964213389.
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Pufahl, Alexander G. "Vertical structure of the oceanic planetary boundary layer : a modelling approach." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363992.
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Ricci, Jaime. "Investigating environmental response to Afro-Arabian flood basalt volcanism with elemental analysis of oligocene carbonate sediments from Odp Leg 115 site 709, Indian Ocean." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3374.
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The goal of this project is to investigate potential environmental responses to the extensive volcanism associated with the Afro-Arabian Large Igneous Province, by analyzing major and trace element contents in the carbonate phase of Oligocene sediments from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 115 Site 709. These sediments were deposited above the carbonate compensation depth and span the main eruption interval of the Afro-Arabian Province at ~30 Ma based on the presence of correlated volcanic ash layers. Large Igneous Provinces erupt large magma volumes (>0.1 million km3) over a short time period (<1 million years). Due to their size, many large igneous provinces coincide with episodes of global environmental change, as recorded in faunal extinction events, anomalies in the global carbon cycle, and changes in ocean water composition. A major issue with linking volcanic events to environmental change is determining synchronicity between volcanic and sedimentary records.The sediments of this study contain tephra layers that can correlated to specific onshore eruptions from the Afro-Arabian large igneous province, and provide a definitive record of the timing of volcanism. Major and trace element analysis of the sediments show five groups of elements that share similar chemical behaviors. The sediments can be divided into three stratigraphic groups with different compositions. The boundary between Group 2 (the middle group) and Group 3 (the shallow group) occurs at a depth of 243± 0.75 meters below sea floor, and is marked by a sudden increase in manganese and rare earth elements. Its inferred age of 30.45 ± 0.10 Ma is consistent with the onset of Afro-Arabian volcanism. The boundary between Group 1, the deepest stratigraphic group, and Group 2 may occur at a depth of 258.21 ± 0.75 meters below sea floor, with an inferred age of 32.31 ± 0.10 Ma, defined by a gradual decrease in manganese and rare earth elements. This chemical change might correlate with the timing of the Eocene-Oligocene Oi-1 global cooling event, however additional analyses of [delta]18 O and [delta]13 C stable isotopes are necessary to fully resolve any connection.
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Westerberg, Elin, and Elin Wuopio. "Den personifierade marknadsföringens effekter på köpintentioner : En studie med fokus på medvetenheten om online behavioral advertising." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27024.
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Utvecklingen av tekniken sker i snabb takt vilket gör att människors vetskap om OBA inte alltid hänger med, inte heller lagar och regler som ska skydda deras integritet. Därför är det intressant att undersöka hur effektiv marknadsföringstypen OBA är beroende av konsumenternas medvetenhet om fenomenet. Syftet är att analysera hur hög, respektive låg medvetenhet hos konsumenter om online behavioral advertising påverkar deras köpintentioner, med fokus på Generation Ys uppfattningar. Denna studie visar på samband mellan lägre medvetenhet om OBA och högre köpintentioner. Lägre medvetenhet om denna typ av marknadsföring förknippas även med en högre oro kring integriteten.The development of technology takes place at a rapid pace, which means that people's knowledge of OBA does not always keep up, nor laws and regulations that supposed to protect their privacy. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate how effective online behavioral advertising is as a marketing strategy, based on consumers’ awareness of the phenomenon. The purpose is to analyze how a high and a low level of consumers’ awareness about OBA affects their purchase intentions, focusing on Generation Y’s perceptions.This paper reveals a connection between lower awareness of OBA and higher purchase intentions. Even a higher concern about integrity in the context is associated with lower awareness about this type of marketing.
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Zuniga, Nelson Ricardo Coelho Flores. "Análise comparativa de aproximações não-hiperbólicas dos tempos de trânsito de dados sísmicos multicomponente utilizando tecnologia OBN." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14132/tde-25052018-101453/.
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A análise de velocidades é uma etapa fundamental para o processamento sísmico e é realizada ajustando a curva de tempos de trânsito calculada pela aproximação hiperbólica com a curva observada no registro sísmico. Entretanto, na sísmica de exploração são facilmente encontrados modelos que apresentam características que tornam um evento de tempos de trânsito não-hiperbólico, algo que é intensificado quando utilizados dados sísmicos multicomponente, os quais apresentam eventos de ondas convertidas. Outro fator importante é a utilização de tecnologia OBN que também torna o evento menos hiperbólico devido à geometria de aquisição. Dessa maneira é fundamental utilizar-se aproximações que consigam controlar essa não-hiperbolicidade para realizar a análise de velocidades. O estudo numérico proposto no presente trabalho focou em analisar a complexidade das funções objetivo, e sua qualidade e eficiência no ajuste de curvas dos tempos de trânsito com diferentes aproximações. Os modelos estudados, originados de perfis de poços da Bacia de Santos, apresentam diferentes características que tornam as análises propostas mais complexas. Dessa forma, as aproximações utilizadas são de igual complexidade, e pelo fato de utilizarem três parâmetros, o estudo foi tratado como um problema de inversão seguindo um critério de otimização. Com o conjunto de informações obtidas nos testes, foi determinado quão complexa é cada aproximação, e a qualidade e eficiência que ela apresenta para obter os resultados almejados. Sendo assim, foi possível identificar as aproximações mais indicadas para cada modelo estudado, para cada tipo de evento de reflexão e para todos os modelos de uma forma genérica.The velocity analysis is a fundamental tool in the seismic processing, and it is performed fitting the calculated travel-time curve to the curve recorded in the seismic record. However, in the seismic survey, there are many models that present characteristics which make a travel-time event nonhyperbolic. This is intensified with using multicomponent seismic data, which present converted wave events. Another important factor is the use of the OBN technology that makes an event less hyperbolic due to its geometry acquisition. Therefore, we must use approximations which could control this nonhyperbolicity to perform the velocity analysis. The numerical study proposed here aimed to analyze the complexity of the objective functions and the quality and the efficiency of the travel-time curve fitting with different approximations. The models under study, elaborated from well logs data of the Santos Basin, shown different characteristics making the proposed analysis more complex. Thus, the approximations are of equal complexity, and due to the fact of the using three parameters, the study was treated as an inverse problem solved by an optimization criterion. With the set of obtained informations, it was determined how complex each approximation is. The quality and the efficiency of each approximation were also studied. Thus, it was possible to identify the most appropriate approximations for each model tested, for each kind of reflection event, and for all situations studied here in a general form.
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Lyder, David A. "Star formation in camelopardalis, Cam OB1." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ32717.pdf.
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Martins, Inês Isabel Tomé Ramos. "O toque do Obô na cidade." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18446.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Viajando por uma ilha onde a Arquitetura colonial constrói os espaços juntamente com a Arquitetura vernacular, onde a estrutura verde envolve os espaços construídos, surge o exemplo de uma das cidades mais pequenas, situada na ilha do Príncipe, em São Tomé e Príncipe. Pousada num vale e envolta por um panorama totalmente natural, uma paisagem endémica e uma baía que a apresenta ao resto do mundo, a cidade de Santo António ergue-se como cenário do Projeto Final de Mestrado. A necessidade em reestruturar esta cidade surge da carência de infraestruturas e de espaços qualificados, com um objetivo crescente no melhoramento das condições de vida da sua população. Uma população que vive do espaço exterior e do cruzamento deste com o espaço habitacional, com um claro sentido de comunidade, onde o convívio e as vivências do dia-a-dia se traduzem no espaço da rua. A visita à cidade clarificou essas vivências e a urgência em criar um espaço arquitetónico que, complementado por um novo plano urbano que promovesse as ligações dentro e fora da cidade e os espaços públicos qualificados, unisse o sentido comunitário e o recreativo. Num espaço central da cidade, onde os aglomerados populacionais são facilmente verificados, surge uma nova centralidade através da zona já existente de mercado, complementando-a com um novo espaço de comércio e um edifício que visasse a promoção de novas atividades recreativas e performativas. Um espaço ligado à identidade da cidade, completando-a com premissas sociais e de sustentabilidade, onde as pessoas são os atores principais do palco da Arquitetura.
ABSTRACT: together with the vernacular Architecture, where the green structure surrounds the constructed spaces, we come across the example of one of the smallest cities, located in the island of Príncipe, in São Tomé and Príncipe. Situated in a valley and surrounded by a totally natural background, an endemic landscape and a bay that presents it to the rest of the world, the city of Santo Antonio rises as the scenario of the of this Master’s degree Final Project. The need to restructure this city arises from the lack of infrastructures and qualified spaces, with a growing objective in improving the living conditions of its population. A population that lives from the outer space and its intersection with the living space, with a clear sense of community, where the way of living and the day-by-day is translated into the space of the street. The visit to the city clarified these experiences and the urgency to create an architectural space that, complemented by a new urban plan that promoted the connections inside and outside the city and the public spaces qualified, could gather the sense of community with the recreational one. In the central area of the city, where the population clusters are easily verified, a new centrality emerges through the existing market zone, complemented by a new commercial space and a building that aims to promote new recreational and performative activities. A space linked to the identity of the city, completing it with social and sustainability premises, where people are the main actors of the Architecture stage.
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Putro, Fitrix Primantoro. "Strategies for detecting poor coupling in an OBS experiment." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1272.
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We present a method for detecting and correcting poor coupling in an Ocean Bottom Seismic (OBS) experiment. The basic idea of our method is that the normal component (with respect to the seafloor) of particle velocity is continuous at the water-solid interface. A comparison of the normal component of particle velocity just above and below the seafloor allows us to assess poor coupling. In other words, our method for detecting poor coupling consists of analyzing vertical particle velocities measured just above and below the seafloor. The normal component of particle velocity above the water is measured using either a vertical receiver array or a vertical source array (dipole source), whereas the normal component of particle velocity below the water is directly measured in this OBS experiment.
In general, the quantities recorded in the OBS experiment are vertical and horizontal components of particle velocity, but continuity of the boundary is based on the normal component of particle velocity being oriented perpendicularly to the seafloor. For a flat seafloor, the vertical component of particle velocity values just above and below the seafloor must be almost equal according to the continuity condition at the water-solid boundary. However, for a dipping seafloor this is not the case. We have established that we can differentiate a poor coupling effect from a dipping-seafloor effect by using the vertical component of particle velocity.
We have tested our method on real (Eugene Island) data and synthetic (finite-difference) data. For finite-difference synthetics, we have used a grid spacing 0.25 meters to properly simulate the water-solid interface. By examining the uniformity (with respect to offset) of cross-correlation between the vertical component of particle velocity just above and below the seafloor, we were able to detect poor coupling and to differentiate it with any dipping effect at the seafloor. The energy of data just above and below the seafloor were also used for detecting poor coupling and for differentiating it from dipping-seafloor effect.
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Higgins, Anna Juman. "The mechanism of BAM-assisted OMP folding." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22507/.
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Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) mediate the survival and pathogenicity of Gram negative bacteria. The biogenesis of these proteins, however, presents problems as they must be transported to, inserted and folded correctly in the outer membrane in the absence of ATP. This problem is resolved by the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) complex: a ~203 kDa complex of five proteins (BamA-E) that enables the membrane insertion and folding of substrate OMPs on a physiological timescale. Despite available crystal structures, the mechanism of this vital protein complex remains poorly understood. In this thesis I use a variety of structural and biochemical tools to probe the nature of BAM-assisted OMP folding, particularly the role of BamA dynamics. Successful purification of the intact BAM complex in the detergent DDM allowed the first cryo-electron microscopy structure of the complex to be obtained, at a resolution of 4.9 Å. This reveals the intact BAM complex with BamA in a laterally-open conformation in which the first (β1) and last (β16) strands of the barrel are no longer hydrogen bonded. In addition, biochemical assays provide the first in vitro evidence of the functional importance of BamA lateral gating in OMP folding. These assays demonstrate that in a reconstituted system utilising the BAM complex, inhibiting the lateral gating of BamA by incorporating new disulphide bonds diminishes the ability of BAM to assist substrate folding. This is shown with two different OMP substrates, tOmpA (the β-barrel domain of OmpA) and OmpT. In synthetic lipids, however, the presence of prefolded BamA is sufficient to aid substrate folding and inhibition of lateral gating by disulphide bonding in this case does not diminish the catalytic effect. The results indicate that BamA likely adopts different roles depending on substrate and lipid. Furthermore, this thesis discusses preliminary experiments towards determining the significance of the β-signal: a conserved sequence found towards the C-terminus of OMPs hypothesised to be important for recognition by BamA. The results show that while some mutations may slow the protein's intrinsic folding into the membrane they do not affect the apparent BamA-catalysed folding rate. However, other single amino-acid substitutions appear to incur a large energetic penalty, rendering the protein incapable of adopting its stable β-barrel structure. Combined, the data allow us to begin dissecting the mechanism of BAM-assisted folding of OMPs, particularly the role of BamA in passive membrane destabilization or active lateral opening.
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Chavez, Monteiro do Prado Rodrigo. "Implementação de canais ODP sobre plataforma CORBA." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258971.
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Orientador: Eleri CardozoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Este trabalho objetiva a implementação de canais ODP (Open Distributed Processing). O desenvolvimento do trabalho se inicia com o estudo da especificação ODP, padronizada pela ISSO (International Organization for Standardization), em resposta ao aumento da demanda por sistemas distribuídos que se tornaram possíveis com os avanços tecnológicos recentes. Com base neste estudo, é proposta uma implementação de canal para transmissão de fluxos contínuos de dados, por exemplo, áudio e vídeo. A implementação utiliza como infra-estrutura de distribuição de objetos uma plataforma comercial CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture). Enquanto o controle do canal é realizado por intermédio da plataforma, os dados são transmitidos por um sistema de transporte que utiliza TCP ou UDP. Uma aplicação de áudio-conferência é construída para avaliar a implementação. Algumas medidas de monitoramento de qualidade de serviço do canal são apresentadas. Este trabalho contribui na identificação dos requisitos necessários ao desenvolvimento de aplicações distribuídas e no desenvolvimento de uma infra-estrutura de suporte à implementação de aplicações multimídia distribuídas
Abstract: This work aims at the implementation of a component of the ODP (Open Distributed Processing) reference model: the channel. The work begins with a study of the ODP standards, a ISO (International Organization for Standadization) international effort in response to the rapid growth of the distributed processing due to recent advances in computing and network technologies. After that, the work proposes an implementation of ODP channels for supporting the transport of continuous media, such as audio and video over the network. The implementation employs a commercial CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) plataform. The control of the channel is processed though the CORBA plataform while the media flows though a transport infrastructure based on TCP or UDP. An audio-conference application was developed in order to validate the implementation. Finally, this work contributes to the development of distributed applications as well as to the design of infrastructure for supporting distributed multimedia applications
Mestrado
Automação Industrial
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Westermark, Maria. "Riskbedömning av nuvarande och framtida dricksvattenproduktion i Eskilstuna enligt ODPoch MRA." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164625.
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Vatten i Sverige har länge ansetts hålla hög kvalitet, men trots detta inträffar årligensjukdomsfall orsakade av förorenat dricksvatten. I enlighet med livsmedelsverketsföreskrifter om dricksvatten ska dricksvatten vara ”hälsosamt och rent”. Detta är dock inteett praktiskt tillämpbart villkor, då ingen acceptabel risk har satts upp.Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) och det amerikanska naturvårdsverket (US EPA) hardäremot satt upp gränser för vad som är en acceptabel sjukdomsrisk respektiveinfektionsrisk för dricksvatten.Denna studie syftade till att bedöma om reningen vid Hyndevads vattenverks, medavseende på mikroorganismer, möjliggör att en acceptabel risknivå uppnås. Detta hargenomförts med hjälp av metoderna Optimal desinfektionspraxis (ODP) ochMikrobiologisk riskanalys (MRA). ODP är ett norskt system för att bedömamikrobiologiska risker vid ett vattenverk och MRA är ett svenskt verktyg som genom att tahänsyn till variationer i vattenkvalitet och driftförhållanden beräknar hälsorisken. MRA gerutdata i form av infektions- och sjukdomsrisk för konsumenterna samt gör det möjligt attpå ett enkelt sätt jämföra olika typer av beredningar och scenarion med varandra.Vattenverket visade sig varken ha tillräckligt antal skyddsbarriärer, enligtlivsmedelsverkets rekommendationer, eller uppnå tillräcklig rening enligt ODP eller MRA.Resultaten har lett till bedömningen att reningen med avseende på mikroorganismer inte ärtillräcklig och att åtgärder är nödvändiga. Som åtgärd föreslås att nuvarande reningsprocesskompletteras. De tillbyggnader som enligt simuleringarna i MRA skulle klara US EPA:sgräns, som innebär att den årliga infektionsrisken underskrider 1/10 000, var: 1. Membranfiltrering med porstorlek 0,01-0,1 μm 2. En kombination av Ozon (2 mg/l), UV-ljus (25 mJ/cm2) och monokloramin iställetför nuvarande klorering, där tillbyggnaderna är beräknade för att behandla detkonstgjorda grundvattnet 3. Kemisk fällning vid god flockbildning och filtreringFor a long time Sweden has been known to have a high quality of water, although everyyear diseases occur due to drinking water. According to the Swedish National FoodAdministration drinking water shall be “healthy and clean”. In practice this is hard toapply, as an acceptable risk level has not been decided. The World Health Organization(WHO) and the American Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) have specified theacceptable risk for illness and infection due to drinking water.The purpose of this study was to estimate if the process at Hyndevad water treatment plantachieves an acceptable risk level. This has been done by using the methods ODP (Optimaldisinfection practice) and MRA (Microbiological risk assessment). ODP is a Norwegianmethod to evaluate if the process is good enough. MRA is a Swedish tool that includesvariations in water quality and process operation which make it possible to replace riskestimates with calculated numbers. The data is given as risk of infection and disease for theconsumers. This makes it possible to compare different types of processes and scenarios.The study has shown that the water treatment plant neither provides sufficient protectivefence according to Swedish National Food Administration recommendations, nor iseffective enough according to ODP or MRA. This leads to the conclusion that thereduction of microorganisms is not good enough and actions are necessary. That is why itis suggested that the process is complemented. The additional processes that manage toaccomplish the limit according to US EPA, less than 1/10 000 infected per year, would be: 1. Membrane filtration with mesh size 0,01-0,1 μm 2. A combination of 2 mg O3/l, 25 mJ UV/cm2 and monochloramine instead of currentchlorination where the additional processes are calculated to treat the artificialgroundwater 3. Chemical precipitation with good flocculation and filtration
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Nyamane, Lawrence Laudonn. "Multicultural diversity and OBE practices : a case study of the Harrismith region / Lawrence Laudonn Nyamane." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10342.
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The crucial issue in the new democratic South Africa was to change the type of education system that was based on social discrimination to one which is non- discriminatory, unbiased and accessible to all South Africans. However, to teach in a multicultural society and being faced with the challenge of teaching multicultural diverse classes, within an OBE paradigm, demands special knowledge, skills and attributes of teachers. Therefore, this study intended to investigate teachers’ OBE practices in multicultural classrooms in order to determine the strengths and weaknesses that could be useful for the improvement of teaching and learning within multicultural contexts. The study was approached from a socio-reconstructivist point of view and focused specifically on schools in the Harrismith region. The purpose of this study was thus to explore and come to a better understanding of how teachers’ OBE practices accommodate multicultural diverse learners in the Harrismith region. In order to direct the study towards the intended purpose, a literature study was undertaken to define multicultural diversity and to conceptualize OBE practices in order to operationalize the concept within the context of the study. The empirical research was done by following a qualitative research design in the form of a case study. Semi-structured, individual interviews and observations were used as data collection instruments. Interviews were conducted with teachers teaching Grade 8 and 9 learners as well as learners from the same grades, of five purposefully selected schools in the Harrismith region. By using maximal variation sampling, ten teachers and ten learners from the selected schools eventually participated in the research. Observations were recorded by means of anecdotal notes which were used to verify and supplement data obtained through the interviews. According to the findings of the empirical research, it appears that the research participants’ understanding of multiculturalism lack substance. The findings also revealed that multiculturalism is mainly accommodated by implementing the following OBE practices: working together with others, showing respect, cultural sensitivity, acknowledgement of individual learner differences, and by creating positive classroom climates. It was also evident that teachers act as change agents by discrediting discrimination and prejudice. Teaching in multicultural classrooms also poses some challenges. These included language problems, acceptance of different cultural practices, racial differences and “inherent” segregation. Though the findings revealed that teachers’ OBE practices still need to be refined in order to successfully accommodate multicultural diversity, positive attitudes were reflected in terms of improving their competence with regard to teaching in a multicultural diverse environment.MEd, Learning and Teaching, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012
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Lee, Sung Jae. "Relationship between Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) and Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) Production in the Acid-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Process." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1262.
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) measurement and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in the acid-phase anaerobic digestion process under different conditions of temperature and residence time. Two identical anaerobic digesters were operated while VFAs, SCOD, VSS, alkalinity, ORP and pH were measured. In digester 1, VFA production of 5,556 mg/L was generated with an ORP of -315 mv at a 10 day SRT; while 5,400 mg/L of VFA with an ORP of -389 mv was recorded in digester 2. The SRT was adjusted at 5, 8, 10, 12 and 15 days and the optimum SRT was 10 days in both digesters. The results of this study indicate there were no tight relationship between VFA production and ORP values, thus ORP by itself is not a good predictor of the amount of VFAs generated. However, ORP combined with temperature had good linear relationship with VFA production. An ORP range of -315 to -390 mv was desirable for maximizing VFA production in both anaerobic digesters. Different temperatures (14, 29 and 37 ℃) were trialed and the results indicate that the conditions at 29 ℃ and 37 ℃ were not significantly different in terms of VFA production, however, less VFAs were generated at the lowest temperature of 14 ℃.
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Picmaus, Martin. "Využití Javy ve firemním prostředí." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-263028.
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This thesis deals with the development of the program, which is used for sale of medication. The theoretical part is divided into five parts. First, there is an introduction of object-oriented programming globally as a whole. The following section concerns with Java programming language. The emphasis is put on specific features of this language and basic syntax. The chapter also includes objects and their basic principles of use. Next part specializes in SQL. and describes the basic clauses. Chapter UML is mentioned just partially. The main focus is on different perspectives of UML. In last part there is a division of companies based on legal form, including the description of each type. The basis of the practical part is to create a program code according to the assignment. Initially, a profile of the company, for which the program has been created, is introduced including the specifications and their requirements. Then the proposed solution is described. In the technical part a preparation of development environment is elaborated, which is followed by a detailed description of the functioning of the program. The end of the practical part is dedicated to a description of individual classes, in which their functionality is gradually explained. The result of the thesis is the output data written to the file. This file is used by the company to promote sales.
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Mendoça, Pedroso Pedro Miguel. "GMPLS-OBS interoperability and routing acalability in internet." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/52565.
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The popularization of Internet has turned the telecom world upside down over the last two decades. Network operators, vendors and service providers are being challenged to adapt themselves to Internet requirements in a way to properly serve the huge number of demanding users (residential and business). The Internet (data-oriented network) is supported by an IP packet-switched architecture on top of a circuit-switched, optical-based architecture (voice-oriented network), which results in a complex and rather costly infrastructure to the transport of IP traffic (the dominant traffic nowadays). In such a way, a simple and IP-adapted network architecture is desired.
From the transport network perspective, both Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) and Optical Burst Switching (OBS) technologies are part of the set of solutions to progress towards an IP-over-WDM architecture, providing intelligence in the control and management of resources (i.e. GMPLS) as well as a good network resource access and usage (i.e. OBS). The GMPLS framework is the key enabler to orchestrate a unified optical network control and thus reduce network operational expenses (OPEX), while increasing operator's revenues. Simultaneously, the OBS technology is one of the well positioned switching technologies to realize the envisioned IP-over-WDM network architecture, leveraging on the statistical multiplexing of data plane resources to enable sub-wavelength in optical networks. Despite of the GMPLS principle of unified control, little effort has been put on extending it to incorporate the OBS technology and many open questions still remain.
From the IP network perspective, the Internet is facing scalability issues as enormous quantities of service instances and devices must be managed. Nowadays, it is believed that the current Internet features and mechanisms cannot cope with the size and dynamics of the Future Internet. Compact Routing is one of the main breakthrough paradigms on the design of a routing system scalable with the Future Internet requirements. It intends to address the fundamental limits of current stretch-1 shortest-path routing in terms of RT scalability (aiming at sub-linear growth). Although "static" compact routing works fine, scaling logarithmically on the number of nodes even in scale-free graphs such as Internet, it does not handle dynamic graphs. Moreover, as multimedia content/services proliferate, the multicast is again under the spotlight as bandwidth efficiency and low RT sizes are desired. However, it makes the problem even worse as more routing entries should be maintained.
In a nutshell, the main objective of this thesis in to contribute with fully detailed solutions dealing both with i) GMPLS-OBS control interoperability (Part I), fostering unified control over multiple switching domains and reduce redundancy in IP transport. The proposed solution overcomes every interoperability technology-specific issue as well as it offers (absolute) QoS guarantees overcoming OBS performance issues by making use of the GMPLS traffic-engineering (TE) features. Keys extensions to the GMPLS protocol standards are equally approached; and ii) new compact routing scheme for multicast scenarios, in order to overcome the Future Internet inter-domain routing system scalability problem (Part II). In such a way, the first known name-independent (i.e. topology unaware) compact multicast routing algorithm is proposed. On the other hand, the AnyTraffic Labeled concept is also introduced saving on forwarding entries by sharing a single forwarding entry to unicast and multicast traffic type. Exhaustive simulation campaigns are run in both cases in order to assess the reliability and feasible of the proposals.
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Ahmed, Zeeshan. "Analysis of Partial Discharge in OIP Bushing Models." Thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91921.
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A high voltage bushing is a very important accessory of power transformers. Bushings are used to insulate high voltage conductors where they feed through steel tank of a power transformer. There are different sources of electric stress that may result in degradation of bushing. Partial discharges (PDs) are one of the main sources of electrical degradation. PDs occur due to defects in electrical insulations, and can lead to insulation failure. This thesis is composed of two parts. The first part deals with design of a 145 kV oil impregnated paper (OIP) bushing by using capacitive radial grading technique. In capacitive grading the foils of calculated length are placed at predetermined radial distance between the paper layers in order to distribute voltage and electric field uniformly between high voltage conductor and ground potential. A 145kV OIP bushing was designed according to dimensions of ABB GOE type bushing. After calculations, the 145 kV bushing geometry was modeled in COMSOL Multiphysics in order to analyze the voltage and electric field distribution in the bushing. In the second part of this thesis a scaled down model was designed using the capacitive radial grading technique. After designing, the scale down model was implemented in COMSOL in order to ensure that the voltage and electric field distribution should be similar to the full scale model of bushing. The scaled down bushing test model was made in laboratory by wrapping impregnated papers and foils on conductor tube according to calculated dimensions. These papers were impregnated with mineral oil. The test model was placed in an oil filled tube. Different defects were added in scale down bushing model and model was connected to PD measurement set up. PD inception voltage was measured and PD patterns were recorded on an insulation condition monitoring system (ICM). These patterns are analyzed in order to conclude about the signature of partial discharges in OIP bushings. From the PD pattern, the type and location of PDs can be concluded. PD patterns reveal that the main causes of PDs in OIP bushing can be gas filled cavities and surface discharges from foil edges.
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Askar, Shavan K. "Classified cloning for QoS provisioning in OBS networks." Thesis, University of Essex, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.570662.
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This thesis investigates the challenges underlying QoS provisioning over OBS networks, considering both absolute and relative cases. Novel QoS provisioning schemes are proposed, and their effectiveness in minimizing loss probability is demonstrated in a range of network scenarios, while either minimizing or maintaining latency. Firstly, the important aspects of optical network evolution are discussed, and justification is provided for the deployment of WDM telecommunication systems in backbone networks. Insight is provided into the contention problem, facilitating the discussion and categorisation of loss reduction mechanisms and how they deal with contention. Our novel scheme for burst loss reduction, referred to as CCS, is then introduced. Comprehensive simulation results are presented which evaluate CCS and compare it to other proposals, demonstrating the superiority of CCS. Furthermore, two novel schemes to improve the quality of streamed video over OBS are introduced. The first of these yields an average PSNR gain over existing proposals of 4.2 dB and 2.4 dB with 10% and 30% network loads respectively. The second scheme is less affected by the increased percentage of video traffic, and an average improvement of 5 dB is obtained in the worst- case scenario with 50% video traffic and medium/high network loads. Finally, the relationship between loss rate, ETE-delay and the aggregation parameters are studied in detail in order to inform the design of a novel absolute QoS provisioning scheme. Adaptive aggregation is combined with admission control at the ingress nodes, together with the CCS scheme, to produce the ACCS scheme, which is evaluated through extensive simulations. It exhibits superior loss rate and maintains acceptable bounds on ETE-delay when compared to CCS, basic cloning, and standard OBS.
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PEREIRA, Zuleica Dantas. "O Terreiro Oba Ogunté: Parentesco, Sucessão e Poder." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 1994. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/16988.
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Partindo da historiografia do Terreiro Obá Ogunté, analiso as lutas pelo poder imbricadas em sua hierarquia, procurando entender tanto as influências do parentesco sagrado, quanto do parentesco profano. Focalizo particularmente o processo de sucessão de pais e mães de santo do terreiro, na tentativa de entender a importância do parentesco nesse contexto. Neste sentido tento estabelecer a ligação entre o parentesco sagrado e o profano.
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Araujo, Douglas Evangelista de. "Serviços de gerenciamento ODP utilizando a arquitetura CORBA." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258972.
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Orientador: Eleri CardozoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: O crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico e o aumento da demanda por sistemas e aplicações distribuídas levaram à definição de um padrão para processamento distribuído aberto, RM-ODP (Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing), e ao surgimento de plataformas comerciais capazes de integrar aplicações que estão espalhadas em um ambiente heterogêneo. O trabalho representa uma proposta para implementação de alguns dos serviços básicos do RM-ODP utilizando uma arquitetura de integração baseada na especificação CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture). Entre os serviços oferecidos estão o suporte e o gerenciamento de objetos, cluster, cápsula e nó. A principal contribuição do trabalho está na identificação de alguns requisitos tecnológicos necessários à construção de sistemas distribuídos abertos e heterogêneos, e no mapeamento em termos de implementação dos conceitos propostos pelo modelo ODP do ponto de vista computacional para o de engenharia
Abstract: The increasing technological development and the demand for distributed systems and applications resulted in the definition of ODP (Open Distributed Processing) standard and and architectures able to integrate applications in a heterogeneous environment. This work aims to provide some basic services described in the ODP standard using a distributed computing plataform based on the CORBA specification. Management services of the leveI of objects, cluster, capsule and node are offered. The main contribution of this work is the identification of important technological requirements to construct open distributed systems, as well as mapping of some concepts from the ODP computational viewpoint to engineering viewpoint
Mestrado
Automação Industrial
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Correa, Renato Pereira. "História e memória do terreiro Axé Ilê Obá." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2460.
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-12Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The objective of this research is to rescue the history of terreiro Axé ilê Obá. For the analysis we use political, social and economic aspects, the basis for the understanding of possible ruptures and continuities. The study of memory from the life stories of those involved has privileged lived. Therefore, the articulation in areas besides religion by the current religious leadership, 'Mother' Sylvia of Oxalá, provided the historical stumbling of the terreiro, guaranteeing the continuity and consolidation of the territory as a place of collective sociability. Despite segregationist and racist policies structured in the postabolition affecting blacks territories, we concentrate on the movement of the terreiro by the city and how it became a place of reference for the african-Brazilian culture in São Paulo
O objetivo desta pesquisa é resgatar a história do terreiro Axé Ilê Obá. Para a análise utilizamos aspectos políticos, sociais e econômicos, base para a compreensão de possíveis rupturas e continuidades. O estudo da memória a partir das histórias de vida dos sujeitos envolvidos privilegiou o vivido. Assim, a articulação em âmbitos além do religioso por parte da atual liderança religiosa, Mãe Sylvia de Oxalá, possibilitou o tombamento histórico do terreiro, garantindo assim, a continuidade e a consolidação desse território enquanto lugar de sociabilidade coletiva. A despeito das políticas segregacionistas e racistas estruturadas no período do pós-abolição que afetaram os territórios negros, nos debruçamos sobre o movimento do terreiro pela cidade e como se tornou em lugar de referência para a cultura afro-brasileira em São Paulo
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Margulis, Michael Scott. "Star formation in the Monoceros OB1 dark cloud." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184272.
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A survey of the Monoceros OB1 dark cloud has been made for molecular outflows and young stellar objects. In all, nine molecular outflows and thirty far-infrared sources were identified in a portion of the cloud composed of about 3 x 10⁴ M(⊙)of material. Statistical arguments suggest that 90% of the far-infrared sources actually are young stellar objects embedded in the cloud. If the star formation rate in the Mon OB1 cloud is roughly constant with time then molecular outflows in the cloud should be able to support it against collapse due to gravity. This suggests that the birthrate of outflows in the solar neighborhood is very high. In fact, regardless of considerations of cloud support, the large number of outflows identified in the Mon OB1 cloud and the propensity of the youngest stellar objects in the cloud to be associated with outflows suggest that outflows have a high birthrate in the solar neighborhood and are part of a common stage in early stellar evolution. The young stellar objects identified in the cloud can be fit into a spectral classification system. In fact, in terms of spectral slopes, far-infrared luminosity, and source size the properties of the objects are consistent with expectations if the system represents an evolutionary sequence. It is also found that the outflow phase in early stellar evolution tends to occur at about the time that young stellar objects lose a large fraction of their circumstellar envelopes. As a result it seems likely that outflows play an important role in sweeping out the circumstellar gas around many young stellar objects and may, in fact, play an important part in the evolutionary transition between the protostellar and stellar stages of evolution.
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Coelho, Carolina Marin Rocha. "Caracterização da oligopeptidase B (OpB) de Trypanosoma rangeli." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106840.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Florianópolis, 2013.Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T22:31:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 320339.pdf: 2205000 bytes, checksum: da7248619a58600198bc8e13a2b84fa8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
O Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) rangeli é um protozoário hemoflagelado de ciclo heteroxênico. Apesar de não ser patogênico para o hospedeiro mamífero, incluindo seres humanos, infecções por este parasito podem dificultar o diagnóstico da doença de Chagas. Vários aspectos relativos ao curso da infecção do T. rangeli no hospedeiro mamífero são controversos, incluindo o mecanismo de invasão e multiplicação celular neste hospedeiro. A enzima Oligopeptidase B (OpB) está fortemente relacionada com o processo de invasão celular e patogenicidade de vários tripanosomatídeos, sendo um alvo promissor para o desenvolvimento de quimioterápicos. A OpB de T. rangeli é codificada por uma ORF de 2.139 pb que é traduzida para um polipeptídeo de 713 aminoácidos com 80.2 kDa de massa molecular. A sequência aminoacídica da OpB de T. rangeli, que corresponde a família das prolil endopeptidases, apresenta similaridade de 89,9% com T. cruzi, 86% com T. brucei e 85,5% com T. evansi, estando o domínio catalítico característico da família bastante conservado entre estes organismos. A OpB é expressa nas formas epimastigotas e tripomastigotas de T. rangeli, sendo sua atividade mensurada através da emissão de fluorescência resultante da mobilização de Ca+2 da célula hospedeira em ensaios in vitro. Os extratos proteicos das formas tripomastigotas de T. rangeli apresentaram uma emissão de fluorescência estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,01) em relação aos controles. O tratamento dos extratos proteicos com o soro anti-OpB reduziu a emissão da fluorescência de todos os extratos, no entanto, apenas para os extratos das formas tripomastigotas de T. cruzi essa redução foi significativa. A OpBr teve uma emissão de fluorescência próxima do basal revelando ausência de atividade da proteína recombinante. A avaliação da expressão da OpB durante a interação parasitos/célula hospedeira mostrou um aumento significativo (p < 0,01) da expressão da OpB em T. rangeli após trinta minutos de interação em relação aos parasitos que não entraram em contato com as células. Estes resultados demonstram o envolvimento da OpB no processo de interação do T. rangeli com a célula do hospedeiro mamífero, constituindo um importante alvo de estudo para o esclarecimento do processo de interação parasito/célula.
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Christensen, Ludvig, and Daniel Dannberg. "Ethical hacking of IoT devices: OBD-II dongles." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254571.
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The subject area of this project is IT security related to cars, specifically the security of devices connected through a cars OBD-II connector. The aim of the project is to see the security level of the AutoPi OBD-II unit and to analyse where potential vulnerabilities are likely to occur when in use. The device was investigated using threat modeling consisting of analysing the architecture, using the STRIDE model to see the potential attacks that could be implemented and risk assessments of the attacks using the DREAD model. After modelling the system, attempts of implementing attacks, with the basis in the threat modelling, were carried out. No major vulnerabilities were found in the AutoPi device but a MITM attack on the user was shown to be possible for an attacker to succeed with. Even though no major vulnerability was found IoT devices connected to cars might bring security concerns that needs to be looked into by companies and researchers.Ämnesområdet för detta projekt är ITsäkerhet relaterad till bilar, mer specifikt säkerheten gällande enheter som kopplas in i en bils OBD-II-kontakt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att bedöma säkerhetsnivån på en OBD-II-enhet av modell AutoPi och att analysera var potentiella sårbarheter kan finnas i systemet. Enheten kommer att undersökas med hjälp av hotmodellering som består av att analysera arkitekturen, använda STRIDE-modellen för att upptäcka potentiella attackmetoder samt bedöma riskerna för attackerna med hjälp av DREAD-modellen. Efter det steget görs attackförsök utifrån resultaten från hotmodelleringen. Inga större sårbarheter hittades i AutoPi-enheten men en MITM-attack på användaren visades vara möjlig för en angripare att lyckas med. Ä ven fast inga större sårbarheter hittades kan IoT-enheter kopplade till bilar medföra säkerhetsbrister som företag och forskare måste se över.
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Postigo, Miguel Angel Orellana. "Processo de especificação de arquitetura ODP aplicado no gerenciamento de facilidades." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-12122011-143624/.
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O Gerenciamento de Facilidades é considerado por muitos autores como um campo interdisciplinar dedicado a garantir a funcionalidade do ambiente construído através da integração de pessoas, lugar, processos e tecnologia. Para desenvolver um modelo arquitetônico que possa ser usado para lidar com a Gerência Facilidades (GF), é primeiramente necessário estabelecer o papel que ele deve ter nos negócios, como deve executar esses papéis e então verificar se ele atinge esses requisitos. Um ponto crítico no desenvolvimento de um modelo para gerenciar facilidades é a falta de uma arquitetura corporativa; devido a que os sistemas prediais e outros sistemas referentes à infraestrutura foram concebidos sem uma visão de GF; por outro lado, estes sistemas normalmente são compostos por diversas tecnologias heterogêneas às quais para funcionar corretamente, devem satisfazer exigências como desempenho, confiabilidade, portabilidade, escalabilidade e interoperatividade, entre outras. Este trabalho de dissertação propõe utilizar uma arquitetura de objetos distribuídos para otimizar o processo de GF, aplicado em um caso real, especificamente em uma indústria de eletroeletrônicos do Pólo Industrial de Manaus. O objetivo de utilizar a referida arquitetura é para reduzir a sua complexidade através da abstração e separação de requisitos de projeto e, ao mesmo tempo, direcionar os passos que serão tomados pelas tarefas envolvidas. O método proposto para atingir tal objetivo é a identificação do processo de GF, a especificação, onde a informação obtida será classificada em forma de visões utilizando o RM-ODP, e a modelagem, onde se analisa as complexidades, como relacionamentos, dependências e limitações do processo de negócios, objetivando elaborar uma arquitetura que será implementada nos domínios de aplicação do processo de GF.The Facilities Management is considered by many authors as an interdisciplinary field devoted to ensure the functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, process and technology. To develop an architectural model that can be used to deal with management facilities, it is first necessary to establish the role that it must have in business, how to perform these roles and then see if it achieves these requirements. A critical point in developing a model for managing facilities is the lack of an enterprise architecture, due to the building systems and other systems related to infrastructure were designed without a vision of FM on the other hand, these systems usually consist of several heterogeneous technologies in which to function properly must meet requirements such as performance, reliability, portability, scalability and interoperability, among others. This dissertation work proposes to use distributed object architecture to optimize the process of Facilities Management, applied in a real case, especially in a consumer electronics industry of the Industrial Pole of Manaus. The purpose of using this architecture is to reduce complexity through abstraction and separation of design requirements, while directing the steps to be taken by the tasks involved. The proposed method for achieving this goal is the identification of the FM process, specifying where the information obtained will be sorted in order of views using the RM-ODP, and modeling which analyzes the complexities, such as relationships, dependencies and constraints in the process of business, aiming to develop an architecture that will be implemented in the areas of application of the FM process.
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Villiers, Claire. "L'import de l'adénosine monophosphate cyclique chez Escherichia coli." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV034/document.
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L'adénosine monophosphate cyclique (AMPc) est une molécule très largement conservée dans le monde du vivant. Chez les bactéries, cette molécule signal est impliquée, entre autres, dans l'adaptation aux changements de milieu, au développement de la virulence, à la sporulation et la compétence. Bien qu'il fut démontré dans les années 1970 que cette molécule nécessitait un transporteur afin de traverser la membrane cellulaire, l'identité de celui-ci restait jusqu'à très récemment inconnue. Ce n'est qu'en 2011 que Hantke et ses collègues démontrèrent l'implication de la protéine TolC dans l'export de l'AMPc. Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai démontré le rôle prépondérant du complexe Opp dans l'import d'AMPc chez Escherichia coli. Ce complexe, formé des protéines OppABCD et F, est connu pour transporter des oligopeptides et se trouve dans la membrane interne de nombreuses bactéries. Pour arriver à la conclusion de son implication dans le transport d'AMPc, une banque de mutants a été créée dans une souche ne produisant pas d'AMPc (cyaA-). Afin d'identifier le transporteur responsable de l'import de l'AMPc, différents cribles qui testent la présence de cette molécule dans la cellule, ont ensuite été réalisée sur ces clones. Après analyse des résultats obtenus, l'opéron opp a été pressenti comme étant nécessaire à l'entrée de l'AMPc dans la cellule. Le double mutant cyaA-oppA- a été créé et de nouvelles expériences sont venues confirmer notre hypothèse. La protéine OppA a ensuite était surexprimée et purifiée pour nous permettre de faire des tests biochimiques d'interaction entre AMPc et OppA, basés sur la fluorescence émise par la protéine elle-même ou un homologue de l'AMPc, l'ε-AMPc. Ces expériences nous ont permis de confirmer l'interaction entre la protéine OppA et l'AMPc. Le système Opp est donc le principal importateur d'AMPc chez Escherichia coli, mais il ne semble pas être l'unique transporteur impliqué. Un autre candidat très intéressant est le complexe Dpp, connu pour transporter les dipeptides. En effet, les expériences préliminaires effectuées démontrent une diminution de la concentration intracellulaire d'AMPc dans une cellule cyaA-dppA- comparée à celle observée dans une souche cyaA-. Les travaux réalisés pendant ces trois dernières années permettent de conclure que le complexe Opp est le principal importateur d'AMPc, très probablement secondé par le complexe DppCyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a signalling molecule conserved in all reigns of life. In bacteria, cAMP plays an important role in processes as diverse as the adaptation to a changing environment, the control of virulence, sporulation and competence. Although it has been proven in the 1970s that this molecule needs an active transporter to traverse the plasma membrane, the first one of these transporters was discovered only a few years ago. In 2011, Hantke et al have shown that the TolC protein is involved in the efflux of cAMP. During my PhD work I have identified the Opp complex as a major player of cAMP import into Escherichia coli. This complex, composed of proteins called OppABCD and F, is known to transport oligopeptides across the inner membrane of numerous bacterial species. To prove the involvement of the Opp complex in cAMP transport, I have used transposon mutagenesis to generate a collection of random mutants in a strain that does not produce cAMP (cyaA-). Different screens were used to detect mutants with impaired transport of extracellular cAMP into the cell. The opp operon emerged as the most promising candidate from this screen. The double mutant cyaA-oppA- was constructed and experiments designed to test the function of OppA confirmed our hypothesis. Subsequently, I overexpressed and purified OppA in order to perform biochemical experiments destined to measure the physical interaction between cAMP and OppA. I show that the Opp system is the major importer of cAMP in Escherichia coli. However, it seems that Opp is not the unique importer of cAMP. The other, very interesting candidate is the complex Dpp, known to transport dipeptides. Preliminary experiments revealed a decreased amount of cAMP in strain cyaA-dppA- compared to strain cyaA-. The experiments carried out during the last three years allow us to conclude that the Opp complex is the major importer of cAMP into E. coli and that the Dpp complex is probably a secondary transporter
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Marinho, Rodrigo Ferreira. "Curso a distância preparatório para olimpíadas de física e astronomia: uma proposta para o professor." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5012.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work aims to make an experience report of the development, implementation and application of the educational product designed in the form of preparatory distance courses for the Physics (OBF and OBFEP) and Astronomy (OBA) scientific Olympics for a group of high school students of the Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás – Campus Jataí. To build the courses, it was made analysis of previous tests of these Olympics and an evaluation of current topics of interest in the areas of knowledge of these competitions. The way used to apply the courses was Moodle, a virtual learning environment. To support this work, it was made a brief theory background of Distance Education (DE), an analysis of the Moodle environment, a discussion related to the educational approach used in the distance education and finally, how the concepts of physics and astronomy are taught in high school, based in the current legislation and in the scientific competitions for these areas. During and after the courses, it was conducted analyzes to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed activities and to investigate the possibilities of distance education use for high school students.
Este trabalho busca fazer um relato de experiência da elaboração, implementação e aplicação do produto educacional desenvolvido na forma de cursos preparatórios a distância para as olimpíadas científicas de Física (OBF e OBFEP) e Astronomia (OBA) para um grupo de estudantes de ensino médio do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás – Campus Jataí. Para a construção dos cursos foram feitas análises das provas anteriores destas olimpíadas e uma avaliação de temas atuais de interesse nas áreas de conhecimento dessas competições. O meio utilizado para a aplicação dos cursos foi o Moodle, um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Para fundamentar este trabalho, foram realizadas uma breve explicação da Educação a Distância (EaD), uma análise do ambiente Moodle, uma discussão a respeito da abordagem pedagógica usada na EaD e por fim, de que forma os conceitos de Física e Astronomia são trabalhados no ensino médio, baseados na legislação vigente e nas competições científicas dessas áreas. Durante e após os cursos foram realizadas análises para avaliar a eficácia das atividades propostas e averiguar as possibilidades do uso de educação a distância para estudantes do ensino médio.
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Sjöqvist, Corbeil Elin, and Rezana Zeka. "självupplevd aktivitetsbalans i vardag och i arbete : Enkätundersökning gjord på sjuksköterskor." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27809.
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The aim is to investigate and map the relationship between self-perceived work stress and self-rated activity balance in everyday life among young female nurses. The quantitative survey is made on 30 young female nurses aged 22-35, working in hospitals in south- and central Sweden. The questionnaire consists of estimation questions about the activity balance in everyday life and the experience of stress at work. The questionnaire consists of Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) and the Karolinska Exhaustion Disorder Scale (KEDS) and seven demographic questions that are presented in tables and charts. The results show a positive correlation between OBQ and KEDS. As an occupational therapist has good knowledge about how to influence the activity balance in everyday life, preventive measures can be applied.
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Waldemarin, Ricardo Cacheta. "Suporte ao desenvolvimento e à integração de ontologias no domínio biomédico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/95/95131/tde-18112015-100645/.
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O surgimento e o uso crescente de novas tecnologias têm levado à produção e armazenamento de grandes volumes de dados biomédicos. Tais dados são provenientes de diferentes técnicas, armazenados em formatos de representação diversos e utilizados por diferentes ferramentas. Esta heterogeneidade representa um empecilho ao maior uso desses dados em abordagens integrativas de pesquisa como, por exemplo, a biologia sistêmica. Neste cenário, artefatos de modelagem conceitual, tais como ontologias, têm sido utilizados para organizar e integrar dados heterogêneos de uma forma coerente. A OBO Foundry representa, atualmente, o maior esforço no desenvolvimento de ontologias biomédicas de forma colaborativa. Dentre as ontologias desenvolvidas pela OBO Foundry, destaca-se Ontologia de Relacionamentos (RO-OBO). A RO-OBO provê definições formais para um conjunto de relacionamentos de propósito geral utilizados nas ontologias biomédicas e busca promover a criação de ontologias mais corretas e integráveis. Um perfil UML foi proposto para representar formalmente o conjunto de conceitos e relacionamentos existentes na RO-OBO. Este perfil permite desenvolver modelos UML utilizando os conceitos presentes nesta ontologia, bem como torna possível o desenvolvimento de suporte à validação sintática dos modelos criados em relação a um conjunto de restrições formalmente definidas. Adicionalmente, percebe-se na literatura que o suporte à integração de modelos UML e ontologias OBO, em particular as ontologias representadas na linguagem OBO File Format, é limitado. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral investigar o suporte ao desenvolvimento de ontologias biomédicas na linguagem UML. De forma específica, investigou-se o desenvolvimento de um editor gráfico, chamado OBO-RO Editor, para o suporte à construção de ontologias utilizando o perfil UML proposto, bem como a integração de ontologias desenvolvidas utilizando UML e ontologias desenvolvidas na linguagem OBO File Format. De forma a atingir nossos objetivos, uma arquitetura de referência foi definida e um processo de desenvolvimento orientado a modelos foi utilizado. A arquitetura definida é composta por uma série de artefatos inter-relacionados os quais são transformados (semi) automaticamente em código de aplicação, possibilitando a obtenção de ciclos de desenvolvimento mais rápidos e confiáveis. O OBO-RO Editor disponibiliza um conjunto de elementos gráficos de modelagem definidos a partir do perfil UML proposto, bem como provê mecanismos para a validação sintática (semi) automática de uma ontologia desenvolvida segundo as restrições definidas neste perfil. Adicionalmente, o OBO-RO Editor também provê suporte à integração de modelos UML a outras ontologias da OBO Foundry, permitindo o reuso e o desenvolvimento menos propenso a erros de ontologias no domínio biomédico.The development and increasing use of new technologies has resulted in the production and storage of a huge amount of biomedical data. These data are produced using different techniques, stored in different formats and consumed by different (software) tools. This heterogeneity hinders effective data usage in integrative research approaches, including systems biology. In this scenario, conceptual modeling artifacts, such as ontologies, have been used to organize and integrate heterogeneous data in a coherent manner. Nowadays, the OBO Foundry represents the most important effort for the collaborative development of ontologies in the biomedical domain. The OBO Relation Ontology (OBO-RO) can be considered one of the most relevant ontologies in the domain. This ontology provides formal definitions for a number of general purpose relationships used in biomedical ontologies, thus facilitating the integration of existing ontologies and the development of new ontologies in the domain. An UML profile has been proposed to formally define the different types of concepts and relationships provided by the OBO-RO. This profile enables the creation of UML models using such concepts and allows the development of support for the automatic validation of these models based on formal constraints. Additionally, the support for the integration between UML models and OBO ontologies, particularly ontologies represented using the OBO File Format, is limited. In this sense, this project aimed at investigating the support for the development of biomedical ontologies using UML. In particular, we investigated the development of a graphical editor, named OBO-RO Editor, to support ontology development using the proposed UML profile. Additionally, we also investigated the integration of ontologies developed using UML and ontologies developed using the OBO File Format. In order to achieve our goals, we have defined a reference architecture and a model-driven development process. The reference architecture consists of a number of related artifacts that are transformed to application code (semi) automatically. Such characteristic allowed us to obtain faster and more reliable development cycles. The OBO-RO Editor provides a number of graphical elements defined in the proposed UML profile for the modeling of biomedical ontologies and support the (semi) automatic syntactic validation of such ontologies against the contraints defined in the profile. Additionally, OBO-RO Editor also provides support for the integration of developed UML models and other OBO ontologies, allowing the reuse and the accurate development of biomedical ontologies.
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Maoto, Rose Satsope. "Mathematics teacher learning in the context of South African outcomes-based education reforms." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/231.
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The new South African national curriculum for the twenty first century adopted an outcomes-based education approach. The new curriculum represents a crucial shift in emphasis from learners concentrating on formal and procedural mathematics (with an absence of meaning) to learners making meaning of mathematics and becoming flexible mathematical thinkers, with problem solving and mathematics investigations as central focus. This study reports on an action research collaboration between two teachers and myself, a university mathematics educator. It was conducted over a period of three years. The main purpose of our collaboration, and this thesis, was to explore mathematics teacher learning in the context of the OBE-based reforms. The data were gathered through questioning, journal keeping by the two teachers and my participant observations. Using the two teachers’ reflective writings and field notes I analysed the data in two stages - narrative analysis and analysis of narratives. What emerged from the study were several issues clustered around three characteristics of teacher learning - teacher learning as situated, teacher learning as social and teacher learning as distributed. These three overlapping characteristics of teacher learning were used as heuristic devices or convenient organisers for the description, analysis and discussion of the issues that emerged. This study revealed several overarching propositions that may have applicability beyond its boundaries. The first proposition is that teachers reflect on and revise their personal practical knowledge if exposed to learning experiences that encourage them to attach meaning to and make sense of the underlying concepts of new curriculum reforms. The second proposition is that interactions with literature improve the quality of teacher learning.The third proposition is that teachers are motivated to experiment with new ideas if they observe these ideas being modelled in practice. The fourth proposition is that teachers develop positive perceptions about learning if the expectations of multiple stakeholders (both in their classrooms and beyond the classrooms) are not contradictory. The fifth proposition is that teachers’ listening to learners’ thinking opens opportunities for explorations. The sixth proposition is that I teachers respond to learners’ learning by being more curious about classroom discussions. The seventh proposition is that teachers who play an active role in collaborative working relationships are more likely to revise their pedagogy. The eighth proposition is that true collaborative relationships take time. The last proposition is teachers who are supported are more likely to distribute their knowledge and learning. Some implications of this study are also highlighted in the last chapter.
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Clark, Paula Ann. "The determination of lithology from core physical properties measurements." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3950.
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I performed statistical analysis of shipboard physical properties data from the
Ocean Drilling Program to investigate relationships between the physical properties data
and the lithology of deep ocean cores. The use of non-invasive experiments on deep-sea
core samples offers a near real-time view of sediments and requires little user interaction
or interpretation. The speed, density, and accuracy of these experiments make efficient
use of limited space and expensive ship time. The fact that these experiments are noninvasive
also allows for further post-cruise studies.
For the study I chose Leg 162 (July-September 1995 in the North Atlantic) for the
density of data, the experiments performed, the quantity and quality of post-cruise
publications and the influence of different, yet dominant, environments. Combining
similar lithologies across a Leg increased sample size and offered a more statistically
normalized sample. Interpolation of the physical properties data matched the intervals
used for the lithological determinations. Statistical methods included univariate and
multivariate correlation matrices, mean and standard deviations, the significance of the
correlations, and a model equation for each lithology and the Leg as a whole. By looking
at the physical properties, one can estimate the lithology. This research is important because sedimentological and geophysical approaches
can be merged to offer a more accurate, more detailed view of the depositional history of
oceanic cores. Through statistical analysis of geophysical data, the findings duplicate the
findings of the sedimentologists without the painstaking examinations typical of this type
of research. Performing experiments and analysis quickly and accurately with minimal
operator error allows for immediate discussions and results.
Use of this research as a data verification tool provides the ability to distinguish
data acquisition problems and misidentifications. This application has proven invaluable
for allowing a non-sedimentologist quantitative insight into the lithology.
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Munro, M., and M. Coetzee. "Mind the Gap: Beyond Whole-brain learning." South African Theatre Journal, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000808.
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In past research we have demonstrated how methodologies used in the training of performers can both encourage whole-brain learning and answer to the demands of South Africa’s current educational paradigm, outcomes-based education (OBE). OBE is a needs-driven, outcomes-driven and competency-orientated pedagogy, which aims at incorporating learners as active agents within the learning process as opposed to the previous content-driven, teacher-orientated approach to education (Coetzee 2004).
Our research was prompted by the constant need for our Drama departments to validate their existence in the light of changing funding structures for the arts, governmental and institutional demands for measured outcomes and our institutions’ emphasis on whole-brain learning as the preferred pedagogical approach to education and training. We explored the ways in which the changes in the South African educational dispensation impact on the work of educators within a Drama department in the Higher Education and Training band (HET) in South Africa. These changes include a focus on competencies and critical outcomes across learning areas and across the qualification bands identified by the new National Qualifications Framework. In our search for ways in which to implement the critical outcomes2 demanded by the OBE framework, we turned to Herrmann’s argument (1995) that optimal, deep structure learning can only take place when whole-brain modes are operative.
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Kavan, Mojmír. "E-learning pro výuku programování." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-2825.
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Tato práce se zabývá možnostmi, které poskytuje moderní elearningový systém, a to hlavně v oblasti výuky objektově orientovaného programování. Práce se zaměřuje na praktické využití elearningu v podpoře začínajících studentů. V teoretické části se zkoumá jak předmět programování, tak osobnost programátora. Identifikuje se teorie Felder-Silvermanova a odvozuje se z ní, proč mají někteři studenti s počátky programování větší problémy než jiní. Zvyšující se zájem se zaznamenává o koncept učebních objektů a jejich využití v elearningu. Práce se mimo jiné snaží poskytnout odpověď na otázku, zda je možné aplikovat principy učebních objektů také pro efektivní doplněk výuky programování. Východiskem této práce je vyhledání a rozbor nejvhodnějších elearningových řešení. Jelikož se nedaří najít systém obsahově vyhovující, jež by se dal přímo nasadit, slouží analýza jejich kladných i záporných stránek ve vlastním řešení v praktické části této práce. Pro zpracování praktické části se na základě rešeršovaných systémů volí forma animací vytvořených v prostředí Adobe Flash. Tyto animace vysvětlují co nejjednodušším způsobem pojmy objektově orientovaného programování. Při tvorbě animací je reflektována koncepce učebních objektů. Je kladen důraz na maximální názornost a interaktivitu. Klíčové snímky navrženého prostředí jsou detailněji popsány v závěru práce.
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Guldberg, Tom, Melby Erik Hom, and Karin Marie Røhne. "Status og utvikling av innovasjonsklima opp mot et ledelsesperspektiv." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-648.
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A major Norwegian co-operative faces major challenges in regards to increased competition and a changing market situation. To which extent will the climate for innovation in the company define the employee’s ability and will to change? And, how will management focus on innovation influence employee behavior?
The result of the case study shows that the company has no clear focus on innovation or strategy to build an innovation climate.
The study is of general interest as it underlines theories by Kaufmann & Kaufmann (2003), Ekvall (1996, 1997) og Gjelsvik (2004), as well as the need for top management involvement and crystal clear communication in regards to building an innovative organization.
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Sveno, Josefina. "Utveckling av OBD-II-gränssnitt för fjärrdiagnostik av fordon." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1758.
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This Master Thesis documents the development of an On Board Diagnosis (OBD-II) interface for remote diagnosis of vehicles. The Master Thesis is part of a project at the company Wayfinder Systems in Lund.
The purpose of this thesis was to design a scantool that communicates with a vehicle through its OBD-II port using relevant standards.
In order to make the OBD-II interface development easier, a car simulator was first built. Both the car simulator and the OBD-II interface were implemented using a linux computer running a C-program with serial communication with an external electrical interface. When the OBD-II interface was working satisfactory, tests were also made in a car – with good results.
The most difficult thing in the project was to meet the timing requirements in the standard specifications.
To be able to communicate with all cars that have an OBD-II port, further development of the OBD-II interface is required, because the OBD-II interface does not use all standards.
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Gonçalves, Filipa Daniela Gomes. "Liposome-OBP conjugates for odour reduction and fragance release." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/75192.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Química e BiológicaA atividade diária e o exercício físico são responsáveis pela produção de odores corporais desagradáveis que podem causar ansiedade e embaraço social. A procura de novas soluções que previnam o desenvolvimento desses odores é atualmente objeto de interesse para as indústrias da cosmética e têxtil. Nos mamíferos, as proteínas de ligação a odores (OBPs) são responsáveis pelo transporte de moléculas odoríferas do muco nasal aos recetores olfativos. As OBPs são proteínas extracelulares com uma estrutura robusta e estável em barril β, com grande capacidade para ligar a diferentes ligandos. Estas características têm sido foco de diferentes trabalhos de modo a compreender os mecanismos inerentes à sua função na natureza e a desenvolver aplicações biotecnológicas avançadas. Os resultados levaram-nos a estudar as OBPs como uma solução elegante para prevenir e/ou remover odores desagradáveis dos têxteis, através da captura de odores e libertação controlada de fragrâncias. Inicialmente, a OBP de porco (pOBP) foi fundida com três péptidos de penetração celular (CPPs). Estas proteínas (OBP::CPPs), em conjunto com lipossomas, foram usadas como transportadores e reservatórios num sistema avançado de captura de moléculas odoríferas. A pOBP foi também fundida com o péptido SP-DS3, com e sem o espaçador GQ20 para a ancoragem na membrana lipídica de lipossomas. A transdução/captura de 1-aminoanthraceno (1- AMA, ligando modelo fluorescente) para o interior dos lipossomas revelou ser dependente da proximidade da proteína à membrana lipídica. Estes trabalhos permitiram o desenvolvimento de dispositivos para a encapsulação de fragrâncias e captura de odores pelos lipossomas. Outras proteínas, a OBP truncada com as mutações F44A e F66A, e a OBP::GQ20::SP-DS3, apresentaram uma afinidade ao 1-AMA diferenciada e dependente da temperatura Recentemente, foi desenvolvido um “têxtil inteligente” pela funcionalização do tecido com OBP::GQ20::CBM (OBP fundida com o espaçador GQ20 e um módulo de ligação a carbohidratos). O têxtil funcionalizado revelou capacidade de libertação controlada de fragrâncias em resposta à transpiração (suor).
The daily activity and physical exercise are responsible for the generation of unpleasant body odors that may cause social unrest and embarrassment. The search for new solutions to prevent the development of these odors is nowadays a subject with great interest for cosmetic and textiles industries. In mammals, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are responsible to transport odorant molecules across the aqueous nasal mucus until the olfactory receptors (ORs). OBPs are small extracellular proteins with a robust and stable three-dimensional structure in β-barrel with great ability to bind differentiated ligand molecules which has driven the research to understand the mechanisms underlying the OBP function in nature and the development of advanced biotechnological applications. These features inspired us to study OBPs as an elegant solution to prevent and/or remove unpleasant odors from textiles, by the entrapment of odors and the controlled release of fragrances. Firstly, porcine OBP (pOBP) was fused with three cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). A new methodology using liposomes as reservoirs and OBP::CPPs as carriers was developed as an advanced system to capture odorant molecules. pOBP was also fused with an anchor peptide (SP-DS3), without and with a spacer GQ20, and the liposomes were produced anchoring these new fusion proteins in the lipid membrane. The transduction of 1-aminoanthracene (1-AMA, a fluorescent ligand model) into the liposomes revealed to be driven by the proximity of the protein to the liposomal membrane. Both works showed the development of an efficient device for the encapsulation of fragrances or capture of unpleasant odors inside of the liposomes. Other two proteins, truncated OBP with mutation F44A and F66A, and OBP::GQ20::SP-DS3 presented differentiated 1-AMA binding behavior depending on the temperature. Further a smart fabric was developed by functionalization with OBP::GQ20::CBM (OBP fused with a spacer GQ20 and a carbohydrate-binding module). The functionalized fabric exhibited controlled release of fragrances triggered by perspiration (sweat).
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)
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Havrdová, Leona. "Mechanismy přenosu chemických signálů u myšic rodu Apodemus." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337617.
Full textAbstract:
Proteins from the lipocalin family play significant roles during the transport of chemical signals. These globular proteins (molecular mass: 17,7 - 21,7 kDa) are able to bind a wide spectrum of volatile ligands. Since they decay continuously, the scent impact is prolonged. Major urinary proteins (MUPs) are lipocalins, typically found in the urine and used during olfactory communication in the house mouse. But the urine is not the only source of chemical signals. Many species of mammals perform selfgrooming - a technique in which saliva is transported into the fur. The goal of the thesis is to identify main proteins that are involved in chemical communication by selected species of the genus Apodemus, and to discover the source of production (i.e. saliva or urine). The Experion capillary electrophoresis system was used to confirm the absence of lipocalins in the urine in two Apodemus species (A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus). Furthermore, a lot of lipocalins is present in the saliva of above-mentioned species. The quantity and types of salivary lipocalins was identified by 2D electrophoresis along with mass spectrometry analyses (MALDI MS/MS) in three species of the genus Apodemus (A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus and A. flavicollis). The conclusion of this inter-specific comparison suggests, that sociality...
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Balakrishnan, Karthi. "Olfactory Responses of Two Coleopteran Species." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0003-C110-0.
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