Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Obligations d'entreprises'
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Bak-Hansen, Markus. "Essais sur les marchés financiers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHEC0007.
Full textThis thesis consists of three chapters that explore different aspects of financial markets. The first chapter analyzes the role of dealer-customer relationships in over-the- counter markets, showing that strong relationships lead to better trading terms across asset classes. The second chapter investigates the influence of reference prices in U.S. corporate bond markets, revealing their value in providing accurate asset valuations but also highlighting risks of potential manipulation by dealers. The third chapter examines retail options trading, finding that while it increases participation in equity markets, it often results in lower returns due to high transaction costs
Moreil, Sophie. "Les obligations nées du contrat d'entreprise." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020038.
Full textChu, Huu Thang. "Effets du contrat d'entreprise : comparaison franco-vietnamienne." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020033/document.
Full textThe thesis examines the comparison of the effects of the contract of enterprise in Vietnamese law and French law. Within the special contracts, in a world of greater economy of services, the contract of enterprise plays from now on a major role with various operations. It would be with a ruddy complexion, because most of the services can steal into the legal mold of the contract of enterprise, thus that are concerned craftsmen, artists, medical services, liberal professions, etc. Synallagmatic, the contract of enterprise engenders mutual obligations chargeable to the contractor and the owner. The study allowed to point out the obligations that constitute the common rules of the contract of enterprise and, to notice that the obligations following the contract of enterprise are specific because of the particular aspects of this agreement.The particularities are undeniable with respect to the main and secondary obligations of the contractor towards his owner and on the contrary. Both parties should be sanctioned by the non-fulfillment of the contractual obligations and to be exempted from the responsibility by justifying the causes of exemption. Comparative studies of these particularities in French law and in Vietnamese law will allow to notice the similarities and the differences between both legal systems. The two countries are close on the legal plan. Thus, the conclusion that emerges is that certain provisions of the French law could usefully inspire the Vietnamese legislators and vice versa
Reboul-Maupin, Nadège. "Les contrats de conseil." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010252.
Full textAt first sight, few contracts including an obligation to give advice treat this obligation as anything more than collateral. There are, however, (above and beyond any implied obligations), many cases in which the provision of advice is an essential condition of the contract. These are called consultancy agreements. They are defined as contracts by which professional advises agree, for valuable consideration, to provide independant intellectual services to their clients. When such clients are businesses this involves giving effective orientation to business decisions. Of a civil law nature due to their subject matter, consultancy agreements are most often commercial contracts due to the fact that the professionals act through companies and because their clients are businesses. Although consultancy agreements are used in a wide variety of areas, they have a common legal status. Their diversity does not alter the essential aspects of their legal status : independence and subordination. Independence is the determining characteristic of the relationship between the parties to consultancy agreements. The consultant carries out his intellectual work independently and the client receives the resulting advice without being under any obligation to make use of it. This is also shown by the right of the parties to bind themselves (sub-contracting) or to relieve themselves of obligation (termination of contract). Nevertheless, the obvious price of this independence is the wide-ranging nature of the obligations to which they will be subject. Whilst the professional adviser is under an obligation to advise and maintain confidentiality, the client must collaborate and pay the agreed remuneration for the advice
Bazin-Beust, Delphine. "L'obligation de faire faire." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN0056.
Full textSotiropoulou, Anastasia. "Les obligations d'information des sociétés cotées en droit communautaire." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010299.
Full textBao, Li. "Three Essays on Green Finance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU10003.
Full textFirms are facing increasing expectations to address environmental issues, yet the conflicting goals of shareholder value-maximization and the costs of pollution prevention present significant challenges. This thesis explores two potential solutions: the long-term benefits of firms' early adoption of green practices and the preference of investors for green firms.The first chapter studies the long-term benefits that early adopters of green practices can obtain. Specifically, it investigates the impact of heightened enforcement of air pollution abatement regulations by local governments on the financial performance of Chinese listed firms. Using a two-stage least squares methodology, the study analyzes the impact of increased pollution control actions resulting from the transfer of monitoring station control rights from local governments to the central government. It compares the profitability of firms that implemented green practices early with those that did not. The findings reveal that firms with early green actions experience an increase in profitability, primarily attributed to reduced financial expenses. To further examine whether firms with early green actions can effectively manage and smooth the transition costs associated with adopting green practices in the initial years, the performances of firms with and without early green actions is tracked over time. The study discovers that their performances are similar until local governments intensify their enforcement efforts, and firms with early green actions outperform afterwards. The second chapter examines how stock and bond investors perceive firms' green status. Leveraging the Climate Bonds Initiative's three-tier verification system for green bonds, the study disentangles the influence of a company's green status and its issuance of green bonds. The analysis reveals that stock investors value a company's green status. The status is released to the market when a firm's green bond framework is verified or when it issues its first green bond if the framework is not verified. However, bond investors solely value certified green bonds and do not have a preference for other green bonds or conventional bonds issued by green firms. The third chapter investigates the growing trend of passive investors and their voting behavior during annual general meetings, aiming to shed light on their potential influence on green practices. While passive funds lack internal incentives to intervene in governance, external incentives from the same fund family's active funds may play a significant role. The study explores how active funds adjust their holdings based on passive funds' positions and how this affects voting patterns. Results show that active funds’ portfolios are affected by inflows of passive funds, while their own inflows do not have an impact. Moreover, when the product of passive and active funds’ ownership from the same fund family increases due to inflows of passive funds, both passive and active funds are more likely to vote against ISS recommendations.In summary, this thesis emphasizes the outperformance of firms with early green actions and highlights stock investors' preference for firms' green status. The findings contribute to the adoption of green practices in corporate decision-making
Diop, Magatte. "Le contrat de cautionnement donné par le chef d'entreprise en droit français et en droit sénégalais." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0015.
Full textIn the worldwide of business and mainly for the little companies, It’s not seldom to make loans nearby of the bank. But the weakness of the garantees what represent the social capital bring sometimes the etablishment of loan to subordinate the granting of this credit to the society to obtaining personal garantees of the head of the company. So, it’s frequent to see the head of company giving their commitment nearby a creditor to honor the social debts on the company’s assets in case where the society couldn’t satisfy his own obligations. The contract of the deposit hold a place of choice in french law and OHADA law due to of his simplicity and flexibility. However most of rules made recently in favor of deposit have a tend to put in jeopardize this institution. The creditor are more and more reluctant to grant a loan due to of excessive protection whose they bénéfit. In addition, the situation of the deposit can be evolve until make him lose him first statut. The creditor society or the debtor can be affected more or less by various circumstances. These circumstances must be taken into account and have a result on the deposit contract, mainly on the commitment of the deposit. In order to solve the fear of the creditors, we will have to find a balance between the interests of the deposit and the creditors, but also to frame the access to function of the head of company in putting in place to their disposal any specific training in the field of finance and management because « ain’t a head of company who want »
Janicot, Louis. "L'obligation d'information de l'investisseur envers les marchés financiers : étude critique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D082.
Full textWith the rise of shareholder activism, the investor duty of disclosure on the capital market is called to play a central role in addition to the one it already has in shareholder dialogue and the prevention of creeping takeovers. Although this obligation has been considerably strengthened, attempts to circumvent it call the effectiveness of both its declaration and sanction mechanisms into question. An analysis of these mechanisms shows that the development of the dismemberment of capital rights and the use of financial derivatives coupled with the increasingly inventive strategies of the practice weighs real risks of circumvention. Besides, the sanctions of these obligations are difficult to implement. While market abuse sanctions have largely been reinvigorated since 2016, specific offenses linked to the breaches of these obligations are essentially obsolete. Finally, civil liability mechanisms remain very difficult to implement. The establishment of a coherent and comprehensive information mechanism involves fillings gaps in the investor’s duty of disclosure and considering how to ensure the effective application of the sanctions as well as the criminal and civil liability mechanisms
Casamatta, Catherine. "Une étude de la structure financière des entreprises fondée sur les problèmes d'aléa moral : thèse pour le doctorat en Sciences de Gestion." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10011.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to provide a rationale, based on agency considerations, for the use of outside debt along with outside equity, as well as more complex securities like convertible bonds or stock-options in the firms' capital structure. The first chapter proposes a survey of the litterature on moral hazard and capital structure (green (1984), innes (1990), gale-hellwig (1985), bolton-sharfstein (1990). . . ). Theoretical predictions are then confronted to empirical observations, which leads to the following remarks : although moral hazard considerations seem consistent with empirical analysis, very few models derive the optimality of complex financial structures (i. E. Other than pure outside debt financing). The remaining of the thesis is dedicated to this question. The second chapter rewrites the jensen-meckling (1976) insights with an optimal contract approach. Moral hazard affects the level of effort, as well as the level of risk that a manager chooses when implementing a project. When the risk shifting problem is dominant, the optimal financial contract can be implemented by a mix of outside debt and outside equity, while stock-options must be added to this financial structure when the effort problem is dominant in order to enhance the manager's incentives to exert effort. The third chapter focuses on the financing of start-ups, and on the dual role played by venture capitalists, who provide advising as well as financing to starting firms. Their intervention is modelled in a double moral hazard setting, whereby both the entrepreneur and the outside financier must be induced to exert effort, in order to improve the profitability of a project. Consistent with empirical observations, optimal contracts solving this double incentive problem exhibit properties of convertible bonds or preferred stocks
Devaux, Etienne. "La négociation des conventions et accords collectifs d'entreprise - Essai sur une communauté de travail au service de l'intérêt de l'entreprise." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020093.
Full textSince 1982, company collective bargaining has actively been developed. Concluding collective bargaining agreements and collective agreements adapting higher ranking regulations has become increasingly important, as illustrated by an impending bill of law based on a report written in September 2015 by the President of the Labor Law section of the Conseil d'Etat, and delivered to the Prime Minister. It aims at reinvigorateing company collective bargaining and allowing for an increased implication of the interested parties. Collective bargaining has a noteworthy role since the authors of the regulations are in direct contact with the implementation of the law. The outcome of this technique cannot be materialized within an intangible framework. Several notions are designated under a single denomination. Different working groups can be identified within each notion. Some of these groups cannot be considered as a proper forum for negotiating. Negotiation is sometimes guided by the State that tends to "intrumentalize"social partners to further some State policies. It achieves that through an encouragement or even an obligation to treat certain issues. As a tool used for implementing State policies, collective bargaining has been the breeding ground for the identification of common interests of working communities, that come to light whitin a framework that needs to be identified. This identification enables the parties to start the process of a collective bargaining fitting the company's situation within which the business contract applies
Seddik, Achraf. "Coporate Bond Valuation and Credit Spreads : Lessons from the Finacial Crisis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD081/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the improvement of the valuation of corporate bonds, particularly by drawing some lessons from the recent economic and financial crisis. In order to achieve this goal, we propose an approach based on corporate bonds' credit spreads. We start, in the first chapter, by analyzing the main existing valuation models, which we reformulate from the standpoint of credit spreads and which we simulate numerically. We show that, despite the attractive features that the structural models have, the latter exert contain several shortcomings which may be misleading especially in a crisis context. In the second and third chapters, we focus on the empirical credit spreads, which we analyze during the subprime crisis and the Eurozone crisis periods. By the means of : (i) a descriptive analysis, (ii) principal component analyses, and(iii) statistical regression analyses, we manage to shed light on a number of factors which affect the movements of the spreads and have not been addressed by the existing models. Among these factors, we show that : (i) the wave of bailouts that occurred during the crisis has had an important effect on the spreads, and (ii) the size of a firm is connected with its spreads. Based on these empirical results, we propose in the fourth chapter a contribution to the modeling of corporate bonds which accounts for the possibility of firms to negotiate a rescue plan in case of distress. This model allows us, on the one hand, to reproduce the empirical observations of lower credit spreads for higher probabilities of receiving a bailout (as it is the case for large banks), and on the other hand, to tackle several drawbacks of the existing models, such as the simple bankruptcy mechanisms or the low credit spreads for short maturities
Berg, Florian. "Extra-Financial Risk Factors and the Cost of Debt." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED030/document.
Full textThis thesis analyzes if and to what extent debt markets value the environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance of firms and sovereigns. The first chapter shows that negative ESG news has a negative impact on the cost of debt of firms. The news relates to environmental and social events within the industrial/utilities sector. In this sector, a sound corporate social performance acts as an insurance against the adverse impact of negative environmental events on bond prices. The second chapter reveals that ESG scores integrated into portfolios do not change the financial performance ex post. A portfolio manager can increase the average ESG rating of her portfolio by 1.5 standard deviations without incurring cost. This leaves substantial room and opportunity for ESG ratings to be combined with asset allocation or absolute return strategies. The third chapter shows how ESG performance is linked to a lower cost of debt of emerging sovereigns. Research indicates that an emerging country’s average cost of capital decreases with its positive environmental and social performance. The fourth chapter discusses how governance performance may influence the spread of debt denominated in local and foreign currency. In developed countries, the spread between a foreign currency yield and a hedged local currency yield increases with our political risk indicator, i.e. the foreign yield increases faster than the domestic one. For emerging countries, the reverse trend is true. Interestingly, the foreign currency and local currency yield spreads move significantly stronger in absolute terms with increasing foreign investment participation in both emerging countries and developed countries’ debt markets
Grévain-Lemercier, Karine. "Le devoir de loyauté en droit des sociétés." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G017.
Full textThe first part presents a review of the duty of loyalty in company law, to establish an understanding of the origins of the concept and consider its extension. The duty of loyalty, which has developed from case law, places upon directors an obligation to provide information on current negotiations to partners and not to compete with the company. The root of these two expressions of duty lies in the director's power to act in the interests of the partner or the company; by violating one of these obligations in order to favour a conflicting personal interest the director breaches this duty of loyalty. This understanding of the duty of loyalty, similar to that of fiduciary duties in common law, makes it possible to envisage an extension to those bound by the duty whenever a relationship of power and a conflict of interests can be seen to exist. It also provides a basis for imposing new obligations such as the obligation to declare conflicts of interests and not to vote in case of conflict. The second part uses a prospective approach to consider the various applications of the obligation of loyalty imposed on the director and partner. Respect for these obligations is based on two types of control. Firstly, legal control which can be provided internally by advisers and the general meeting, and externally by auditors and various experts in order to prevent disloyal decisions and actions. Secondly, courts are called upon to exercise their power in case of an action to declare null and void or accountable against a director or leading partner who has failed in his or her duty of loyalty
Vu, Van Tinh. "La responsabilité civile des dirigeants de société anonyme en droit vietnamien. Regards croisés avec le droit français." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020009/document.
Full textThe thesis examines the personal liability of public limited companies directors in Vietnamese law and French law. This is the first academic literature that addresses the current rules on the civil liability of directors of limited companies in Vietnamese law. What benefit is there be to conduct a study of Vietnamese law affected by French law? The two countries are close in law. The law of civil liability of corporate directors does not escape from this fact. Liability of director remains based on fault, but it has experienced some adaptations. The existing system in each country was also supplemented by new sources which are justified by globalization process. French law is then very rich jurisprudential illustrations while Vietnamese law is purely theoretical and characterized by new concepts borrowed from the corporate governance doctrine of common law. Thus, the conclusion that emerges is that some provisions of French law could usefully inspire the Vietnamese legislator and vice versa
Benhassni, Karim. "La transparence des sociétés côtées." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU2016.
Full textAccording to theorists of the transparency who of any disciplinary horizons cry out the virtues, the financial information permits the balance by remedying the asymmetry of knowledge between the company and his management on one hand, and the addressees of the financial information on the other hand. The transparency raises the veil, fights the opaqueness, permit the decision and thus, the game of the market. The economists speak then about “informative efficiency” because the fluid and fast circulation of the flows of information in origin or in the direction of all the actors of stock markets (company, management, operators, shareholders, authorities of regulation, press …) would permit to supply all the time the best possible valuation of listed companies considering the publicly available relevant information. For these reasons, many reforms were operated these last years in order to increase the obligations of information towards listed companies. However, we have to admit, in view of the last financial crisis that markets can not work effectively and estimate correctly the fundamental value of a financial asset while the information relative to the underlying asset is widely broadcasted. From there, we have to ask the question of the relevance of the listed companies’ transparency
Pohl, Sabine. "Contribution à une définition de la culture organisationnelle en gestion des ressouces humaines: une analyse en termes d'implication organisationnelle, d'implication à l'égard du travail et de satisfaction professionnelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211742.
Full textDelecourt, Benoist. "Les contrats civils appliqués aux actions." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00577724.
Full textMachefaux, Erwan. "L'obligation d'information dans les cessions de contrôle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01D042.
Full textTransfers of control are a particular type of share transfer, with their own legal framework, as they form, at the same time, the main means of transferring companies. As such, they are a major economic challenge; difficult to control since the company itself is a complex construct. Moreover, there is an important imbalance of knowledge in relation to the transferred company between the parties. Also, very frequently, transfers of control disputes arise from an event occurring after the transfer, but which originates during the period of management by the transferor. The transferee is therefore disappointed by the devaluation of the shares and has to deal with the adverse consequences following its acquisition of the company. In the first instance, the main recourses available to the disappointed transferee allowing notably the sanction of the violation of the transferor’s duty to inform are examined within the legal framework. This includes notably the defects in consent (mistake and fraud), the guarantees related to the sale (the guarantee against latent defects and the guarantee against dispossession), as well as the duty to inform formalized by the reform of French contract law dated 10 February 2016. In the second instance, the main agreements which formalize the operation and allow the parties to deal contractually with such duty to inform are analyzed. This comprises notably the liability guarantee, price adjustment clauses and due diligence. The recourse to professional experts and the reliability of information provided are also examined. This analysis through the spectrum of the duty to inform sheds an updated light on transfers of control. It contains the tools to assess the chances of success of the different recourses available and the implementation of a global legal strategy
Casenave, Eric. "L'accountability ou l'obligation de rendre des comptes ressenties par le praticien du marketing : variable médiatrice entre antécédents personnels et réponses comportementales." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090048.
Full textMarketing has been criticized for its lack of accountability, which is qualified by a misalignment with strategic objectives. Most of the researches propose that marketing accountability must be reinforced with more performance measures. In this doctoral thesis, we employ a different approach in treating the marketer as unit of analysis. We identify a marketers’ professional identity and make a distinction between two types of felt accountability: an accountability felt in a decision-Making situation (ASR) and an accountability felt within an organization (AOR). ASR is positively influenced by self-Determination that is a component of marketers’ professional identity, where self-Determination reduces conformity. In making marketers accountable, we show that that they seek to make the best decision according to marketing objectives even if they are conflicting with strategic objectives. In studying managers’ behavior, we show that role ambiguity, which is consistent with marketing practice, reduces AOR. Organizational cultures that promote accountability increase the likelihood of role conflicts detrimental to performance. However, the likelihood of role conflict is moderated by organizational cultures provided they encourage collaboration and initiatives. This type of culture is consistent with marketers’ professional identity therefore contributing to performance. Finally, we propose an accountability model tailored to marketing practice within the organization
Wang, Tingwei. "Three Essays on Sovereign Credit Risk." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED010.
Full textThis thesis studies sovereign credit risk and its impact on banks and industrial firms. The first essay shows that bank credit risk is linked to sovereign credit risk through common exposure to systemic risk instead of implicit bailout or excessive holding of home country bonds. In the second essay, I build a trade-off model of capital structure which predicts negative correlation between optimal leverage of big firms and sovereign credit risk due to implicit bailout. The model prediction is confirmed by empirical evidence from firms in the euro area. The third essay provides a joint pricing model of CDS and bond to disentangle the default and liquidity component in CDS spread and bond yield spread. I find a remarkable liquidity component in the CDS spreads of peripheral euro area countries and conclude that ignoring CDS illiquidity leads to overestimation of default component in bond yield