Relevant bibliographies by topics / Obligation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Obligation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Obligation"

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Gilbert, Margaret. "Obligation and Joint Commitment." Utilitas 11, no. 2 (July 1999): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800002399.

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We speak of ‘obligations’ in many contexts. But what are obligations? I argue that obligations of an important type inhere in what I call ‘joint commitments’. I propose a joint commitment account of everyday agreements. This could explain why some philosophers believe that we know of the obligating nature of agreements a priori. I compare and contrast obligations of joint commitment with obligations in the relatively narrow sense recommended by H. L. A. Hart, a recommendation that has been influential. Some central contexts in which Hart takes there to be obligations in his sense are contexts in which there are obligations of joint commitment. Nonetheless different senses of ‘obligation’ appear to be at issue.
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Olejniczak, Adam. "Law of obligations in Poland: Selected issues." Pravovedenie 65, no. 1 (2021): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2021.104.

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The article provides a brief overview of the Polish law of obligations. In particular, the main sources of obligations are briefly presented, i. e., contracts, torts and unjust enrichment. Special attention is paid to mutual obligations, joint and several obligations, pecuniary obligations and obligations deriving from consumer contracts. The article discusses the legal instrument for concluding a contract such as preliminary contract, and also performance, discharge and remedies for breach of contract. In particular, the consequences of delay in the performance of an obligation and the types of such delay are considered. The author pays special attention to the issues of liability for non-performance of obligations, in particular, compensation for losses from non-performance. The article reveals the content of the pacta sunt servanda principle in Polish law and the existing exceptions to this rule. Such a method for the termination of an obligation is specifically considered, in addition to its performance, as a set-off. The author presents different measures that may discipline the parties to perform the obligation, such as contractual penalties and earnest money deposit. Finally, the article addresses the notion of damage, principles of liability and obligation to compensate. When describing the obligations from unjustified enrichment, special attention is paid to the fact that the loss of enrichment excludes its reclamation from the enriched person if he lost the enrichment without knowing about the obligation’s existence. In regard to tort law, it is emphasized that there are cases of innocent liability for causing harm in Polish law as an exception to the general rule. Only illegal actions or omissions can be qualified as guilty and entail responsibility. Polish law does not recognize the general obligation to refrain from causing harm. The culpability of misconduct is presumed. In some cases, the behavior cannot be recognized as illegal, even if it violates the general prohibition established by law. In particular, this concerns causing harm in the case of necessary defense, extreme necessity, permissible self-help and in a number of other cases.
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Tamminga, Allard, and Frank Hindriks. "The irreducibility of collective obligations." Philosophical Studies 177, no. 4 (January 12, 2019): 1085–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-018-01236-2.

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Abstract Individualists claim that collective obligations are reducible to the individual obligations of the collective’s members. Collectivists deny this. We set out to discover who is right by way of a deontic logic of collective action that models collective actions, abilities, obligations, and their interrelations. On the basis of our formal analysis, we argue that when assessing the obligations of an individual agent, we need to distinguish individual obligations from member obligations. If a collective has a collective obligation to bring about a particular state of affairs, then it might be that no individual in the collective has an individual obligation to bring about that state of affairs. What follows from a collective obligation is that each member of the collective has a member obligation to help ensure that the collective fulfills its collective obligation. In conclusion, we argue that our formal analysis supports collectivism.
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Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter. "Nihilism and Scepticism About Moral Obligations." Utilitas 7, no. 2 (November 1995): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800002053.

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There are many disagreements about what people have moral obligations to do, but almost everyone believes that some people have some moral obligations. Moreover, there are some moral obligations in which almost everyone believes. For example, if I promise to give a talk at this conference, I have a moral obligation to do so. Of course, my obligation might be overridden. Moreover, even if my obligation were overridden, I would still have a moral obligation to give a talk at this conference.
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Oh, Jeewon, and Han Na Lee. "OBLIGATIONS IN JAPAN: A THREE-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF MID-LIFE ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3501.

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Abstract Obligations embody a sense of responsibility, whether they are directed toward close relationships or the broader public community. Middle-aged adults may find themselves in increased caregiving roles, but research examining the role of their obligation on their well-being and relationships is scarce. Across studies, obligation is linked with both positive (e.g., higher well-being and relationship quality) and negative outcomes (e.g., greater burden). A previous study in the U.S. suggested that these mixed findings may be partially because there are various types of obligations that differ on the level of investment. Given the Japanese collectivistic culture that values intricate social connection, their obligation may take on a different form and play a different role. We used two waves of data from the Midlife in Japan Project (2009-2012). Participants were 371 middle-aged adults (M = 55.47, SD = 14.04, 56.02% women, 43.98% men, 71.73% married) living in Japan. We factor-analyzed the structure of obligation and found a 3-factor solution fit best (e.g., RMSEA = .06, SRMR = .01, CFI = 1.00). Obligation could be characterized by holding light and substantive obligations to close others and obligations to the public community. Results suggest differential links between the types of obligation and well-being outcomes. For instance, light obligation predicted less negative affect (β = -.24, p = .035) after three years, but otherwise, other types of obligation did not predict positive or negative affect. Links with relational outcomes (e.g., support/strain) and implications of midlife obligations will be discussed.
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Lim, Jeonghee. "Due Diligence and the Protection of the Marine Environment." Korea International Law Review 64 (February 28, 2023): 183–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.25197/kilr.2023.64.183.

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The Part XII of the UNCLOS, entitled “Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment,” is by nature a framework and does not contain detailed norms and contents. Therefore, the role of due diligence in understanding and implementing marine environmental protection is critical. Due diligence can fill the gap in the content of specific obligations, serve as a criteria for fulfilling the obligation to protect the marine environment, and act as a factor to strengthen such obligation. With regard to the obligation to protect the marine environment, considering it merely element for determining breach of the obligations in the context of “State responsibility” has a limitation. Because the nature of the marine environment protection obligation requires the prevention of the pollution or harm to the marine environment. Given the nature of the primary obligation, due diligence can perform the function to bridge the gap between primary and secondary obligations. As due diligence is a flexible and variable concept, states can strengthen obligations to protect the marine environment and prevent marine pollution by reflecting the higher standards enabled by technological development. However, there is a concern that the flexible nature of this concept allows countries to have broader discretion in fulfilling obligations. This is because there is room for countries to interpret the degree of their obligations differently due to the subjective characteristics of expressions such as “all appropriate,” “as much as possible,” “necessary,” and “effective.” Recognizing these limitations, it would be desirable to enforce compliance with the proceduralization of the due diligence obligations. This includes developing each procedural obligation for the protection of marine environment and defining the forms and criteria of the due diligence obligation within the context of each procedural obligation. By doing so, countries can ensure that due diligence is implemented consistently and effectively in protecting the marine environment.
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Hama Rahim, Falah Ali, and Esmail Namiq Hussain. "Subordination Relationship and its Applications within the Scope of the Obligation’s Transmission." Halabja University Journal 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32410/huj-10468.

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The subordination relationship exists in the Iraqi civil law in many legal texts, and in different applications, including the subordination of rights and obligations. This is because the concept of subordination obligations includes every obligation that does not exist independently, but rather its existence is based on an original obligation that revolves with it existence and non-existence, validity, nullity, transition and expiration, this is based on the rules of (subordinate is subordinate) and (subordinate does not singularly rule) . And the dependency relationship between the original obligation and the accessory obligation, makes the original obligation the main and effective influence in the subsidiary obligations, so that the accessory obligation follows the original obligation in its transition and stability, and if the original obligation is transferred and has rights or obligation to follow it, it follows it in moving in; Because it is related to it. And then there is the general rule in the Iraqi civil law that the personal rights and obligations are transferred with the thing transferred from the custody of the predecessor to the responsibility of the special successor if certain conditions are met, and this is considered an application of the idea of ​​subordination. In addition to the special rules represented in the implementation of the transfer of subsidiary obligations according to the original obligation on which they are based. And since the origin is the transfer of rights and obligations as a subordinate to the obligation or to the original subordinate right, but there are some exceptions that the subordinate does not transfer by the transmission of the subordinate. This study came under the title "The relationship of subordination and its applications within the scope of the transition of commitment" with the aim of defining the meaning of the relationship of dependency and the nature of the relationship that arises as a result of that and the consequent provisions in the scope of the transition of commitment, and an attempt to frame the scattered applications within the framework of a general idea that includes: All of its applications and its return to its origins.
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Choo, Frederick. "The Prior Obligations Objection to Theological Stateism." Faith and Philosophy 36, no. 3 (2019): 372–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/faithphil201981126.

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Theological stateist theories, the most well-known of which is Divine Command Theory (DCT), ground our moral obligations directly in some state of God. The prior obligations objection poses a challenge to theological stateism. Is there a moral obligation to obey God’s commands? If no, it is hard to see how God’s commands can generate any moral obligations for us. If yes, then what grounds this prior obligation? To avoid circularity, the moral obligation must be grounded independent of God’s commands; and therefore DCT fails to ground all moral obligations in God’s commands. I argue that DCT proponents should embrace “metaethical DCT.” On this view, there is no moral obligation to obey God. God creates our moral obligations out of normative nothingness. I argue that this helps DCT proponents to escape the prior obligations objection. Other theological stateist theories can modify their theory similarly to meet this objection.
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Klosko, George. "The Moral Force of Political Obligations." American Political Science Review 84, no. 4 (December 1990): 1235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1963261.

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Political obligations vary in force. Though we have strong obligations to obey certain laws, our obligations to obey others appear to be considerably weaker. Because the weakness of the obligations to obey certain laws has been employed as an argument against the existence of general prima facie political obligations, an adequate theory of political obligation must account for this. By employing the obligation to keep promises as a model, I sort out the factors that contribute to the force of prima facie political obligations. Their varying force can be explained according to a general theory of political obligation founded on the principle of fairness.
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Elrakaiby, Yehia, Frédéric Cuppens, and Nora Cuppens-Boulahia. "An Integrated Approach for the Enforcement of Contextual Permissions and Pre-Obligations." International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 3, no. 2 (April 2011): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jmcmc.2011040103.

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Pre-obligations denote actions that may be required before access is granted. The successful fulfillment of pre-obligations leads to the authorization of the requested access. Pre-obligations enable a more flexible enforcement of authorization policies. This paper formalizes interactions between the obligation and authorization policy states when pre-obligations are supported and investigates their use in a practical scenario. The main advantage of the presented approach is that it gives pre-obligations both declarative semantics using predicate logic and operational semantics using Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules. Furthermore, the presented framework enables policy designers to easily choose to evaluate any pre-obligation either (1) statically (an access request is denied if the pre-obligation has not been fulfilled); or (2) dynamically (users are given the possibility to fulfill the pre-obligation after the access request and before access is authorized).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Obligation"

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Valance, P. L. "Obligation de moyens, obligation de resultats en medecine." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN11104.

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Volpellière, Yoan. "L'obligation de résultat de l'Administration." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD037/document.

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L’obligation de résutat est une notion fondamentale du droit civil. Construite sur des bases doctrinales, son implantation en jurisprudence est une réalité. Ayant pour principale fonction de régir les relations entre un créancier et un débiteur, son utilisation a longtemps été l’exclusivité du droit privé. Pourtant son apparition en droit administratif a permis de considérer la personne publique comme débitrice. L’obligation de résultat de l’Administration, se divise en deux catégories : l’obligation légale et l’obligation contractuelle. C’est une notion juridique fondamentale, qui rappelle que la question de l’existence d’emprunts entre deux ordres juridiques distincts autonomes et a priori indépendant reste d’actualité. Indépendante de sa conceptualisation théorique, l’obligation de résultat est un instrument juridictionnel, dont le caractère normatif, a été forgé par la jurisprudence. Cette utilisation démontre des buts poursuivis par l’Administration pour répondre à différents objectifs de l’action publique. Ces finalités divergent, selon la qualification que l’on peut retenir de l’obligation. Le caractère contractuel, de l’obligation offre des effets restreints à la seule sphère du contrat. C’est un moyen juridique interessant permettant à l’Administration de poursuivre sa quête de performance. L’obligation légale possède unedimension singulière, tant elle s’impose à l’Administration et vient conférer aux créanciers de l’obligation de véritables droits. La tentation est grande de créer une hiérarchie entre ces différentes obligations, dont le résultat serait de confirmer une suprématie de l’obligation légale sur l’obligation contractuelle de résultat. D’autant plus, que l’obligation légale semble plus contraignante tant elle naît dans un rapport qui n’est pas consenti mais imposé à la personne publique. Cette démarche n’est pas possible tant la notion reste la même dans les deux hypothèses. La différence atttrait donc à ses conditions de formation. Le lien d’obligation reste identique engageant la responsabilité de la personne publique en cas d’inéxécution du résultat déterminé
The obligation of result is a fundamental concept of civil law. Built on doctrinal bases its position in law is areality. Whose main function is to regulate the relationship between a creditor and a debtor, its use has long been the exclusivity of private law. Yet its appearance in administrative law allowed to consider the public entity as debtor.The obligation of result of the Administration, is divided into two categories: the legal obligation and contractual obligation. This is a fundamental legal concept which states that "the question of the existence of two autonomous loans between separate legal orders and a priori independent of the debate on the existence of a certain unity of law, a jus universarum. Independent of its theoretical conceptualization, the obligation of result is a judicial instrument, the legislative character was forged by the courts. This demonstrates use of the aims pursued by the Administration to meet different objectives of public action. These goals differ depending on the qualifications that can be learned from the obligation.The contractual nature of the obligation has effects limited only to the sphere of contract. It's an interesting legal means allowing the Administration to continue its quest for performance. The legal obligation has a singular dimension, as it requires the Administration and comes confer creditors of the obligation genuine rights. The temptation to create a hierarchy between these obligations, the result would be to confirm the supremacy of a legal obligation on the contractual obligation of result. Especially, that the legal requirement appears more restrictive as it arises in a report that is not agreed but imposed on the public entity. This approach is not possible as the concept remains the same in both contexts. The difference therefore atttrait its training conditions. The obligation remains the same link engaging the responsibility of the public person in breach of the determined result
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Hoang, Thi Hai Yen. "L'obligation solidaire en droit vietnamien : Réflexions comparatives franco-vietnamiennes sur le droit des obligations." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10008/document.

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Bien que la solidarité en droit civil français, qui puise ses origines en droit romain, ait été importée dans les Codes civils coloniaux du Vietnam, elle n'est pas adoptée par le droit civil moderne du Vietnam. L'obligation solidaire présentée par le droit civil vietnamien est particulièrement originale. Elle s'écarte du droit civil français ainsi que du droit romano-germanique. Il existe une équivalence fonctionnelle entre l'obligation solidaire en droit vietnamien et la solidarité en droit français. La principale différence est l'absence des effets secondaires de l'obligation solidaire en droit civil vietnamien. Quant à l'obligation in solidum en droit civil français, celle-ci a un équivalent fonctionnel dans la responsabilité solidaire en droit civil vietnamien. Cependant, si l'obligation in solidum en droit civil français présente à la fois une pluralité de sources et une unité de source, la responsabilité solidaire en droit civil vietnamien ne connait qu'une unité de source. La mondialisation du droit et le vent de réformes du droit des obligations en Europe au sein de laquelle la France se trouve, apportent une chance pour que l'obligation solidaire en droit civil du Vietnam puisse s'approcher de la solidarité du droit civil occidental en général et du droit civil français en particulier
The obligation solidaire in French civil law took its origins from Roman law. This law was imported to Colonial Civil Codes of Vietnam, however it was not adopted by the modern civil law of Vietnam. The joint and several obligation presented by the Vietnamese civil law is original. It diverges from the French civil and Romano-Germanic law. The joint and several obligation in Vietnamese private law is functional equivalence to the obligation solidaire in French private law. The main difference is the absence of the secondary effects on the joint and several obligation in Vietnamese civil law. Due to the obligation jointly and severally in French civil law, it has a functional joint and several liability in Vietnamese civil law equivalent. However, if the obligation in solidum in French civil law has both a plurality of sources and a source unit; joint and several liability in Vietnamese civil law recognizes a source unit. The trend of globalization of law and selling reform of contract law in Europe in which France finds itself, provide an opportunity for the joint and several liability in civil law of Vietnam can approach the solidarity of civil law West in general and the French civil law in particular
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Dellgren, Peter, and Mattias Larsson. "Collateralized Mortgage Obligation." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106293.

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This thesis set out to explain the securitization process of subprime mortgages in order to investigate if there exist inherent  factors  of  the process  that may have  contributed  to  the  recent  subprime  crisis. A  thorough  exposition  of securitization  theory  is made  together with  simulations  of  how  cash  flows  and  credit  risks  are  estimated  by  the market. We present two inherent factors that possibly have facilitated the exacerbation of the subprime crisis, how the transferring of risk is conducted and the complexity of the product which produce information asymmetry. We also find that the market standard model for estimating risk of Collateralized Mortgage Obligations, the reduced form  one  factor Gaussian Copula model, has weaknesses  that makes  the model  sensitive  to assumptions  on  the underlying assets. In our analysis we find it ex post puzzling to think that the market had so much confidence in the securitization of subprime mortgage loans to transform originally bad loans to safe investment vehicles.

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Finegan, Johanna Goth. "Essays on obligation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41699.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references.
In the first chapter, "Supererogation and Defenses of Modest Moral Demands," I argue that a range of recent approaches to defending the "ordinary morality" view that the demands of morality are fairly modest make it hard to see how there could be any supererogatory acts, and therefore sacrifice one aspect of our intuitive view of morality in an attempt to preserve another. I go on to consider some difficulties in accommodating supererogation that defenders of "ordinary morality" might face more generally. In the second chapter, "Deontological Judgments about Belief," I address the problem of how deontological judgments about belief can ever be true, given that the apparently involuntary nature of belief seems incompatible with the sort of responsibility needed for deontological judgments. I consider and reject arguments which purport to show that we have the right sort of voluntary control over beliefs, as well as arguments which purport to show that considerations of voluntary control are altogether irrelevant to whether deontological judgments about belief can be true. I argue instead that deontological judgments about belief can be true in virtue of our participation in self-deceptive practices, something over which we do have the right kind of control. In the third chapter, "Belief and Commitment" I consider arguments to the effect that we must sometimes violate epistemic norms in order to enjoy the goods of friendship and other social relationships and in order to give those we are in relationship with their due. I raise some worries for such views and then argue that we can enjoy the goods and fulfill the obligations of social relationships without paying such a price, that an alternative attitude, which I call commitment, can get us at least most of the riches of social relationship without the costs of irrational, self-deceived belief.
by Johanna Goth Finegan.
Ph.D.
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Robertson, Simon. "Rejecting moral obligation." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13225.

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The thesis argues that, were there any moral obligations, they would be categorical; but there are no categorical requirements on action; therefore, there are no moral obligations. The underlying claim is that, because of this, morality itself rests on a mistaken view of normativity. The view of categoricity I provide rests on there being 'external reasons' for action. Having explained the connections between oughts (in particular the ought of moral obligation) and reasons for action in the first part of the thesis, I then develop and defend a version of reasons internalism that I call 'recognitional internalism'. The basic idea, which is not itself incompatible with categoricity, is that to have a reason one must be able to recognise that one has that reason. However, I work this basic claim into a substantive truth-condition for reason-statements and argue that the reasons one is able to recognise are controlled by one's subjective motives. I use this to argue that there are no categorical moral obligations. Nonetheless, I also argue that the substantive challenge internalism poses morality is importantly different, indeed more pressing, than usually thought. This is to justify the objective supremacy of the reasons for action constitutive of moral obligation.
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Shaw, Joseph. "Authority and obligation : an investigation of the intentional creation of obligation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342632.

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Meyer, Christophe. "Le système doctrinal des aliments : contribution à la théorie générale de l'obligation alimentaire légale." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100159.

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L'objectif principal d'une étude historique des aliments consiste en une recherche des origines et des structures de l'obligation alimentaire légale française. La convergence des solutions reste cependant telle que l'identité de structure de l'institution alimentaire en droit occidental ne laisse de surprendre. Même lorsque l'on sort des systèmes juridiques de tradition fortement romaine pour observer le régime de l'obligation alimentaire légale en common law ou en droit socialiste. En effet, dans tous les cas. Elle est toujours présentée comme une obligation légale, réciproque, variable et pécuniaire, de fourniture du nécessaire vital au sein d'un cercle restreint d'intimes, proportionnée aux facultés et besoins respectifs des parties, et assortie d'un régime fortement dérogatoire au droit commun. L'étude tend ainsi à démontrer que l'institution alimentaire légale est mue essentiellement par une idée de faveur. Sans doute inspirée du favor testamenti romain, consistant à interpréter l'obligation alimentaire systématiquement en faveur de la créance d'aliments : de son existence aussi bien que de son exécution ou de la rapidité da la prestation. De telle sorte que la considération que l'institution a été construite entièrement in favorem peut expliquer la majeur partie de ses caractères exorbitants des principes juridiques classiques. De même qu'elle explique aussi que l'encadrement dogmatique de l'institution contemporaine n'ait pas réussit à rendre compte de la nature de l'obligation alimentaire de façon satisfaisante : il ne s'agit pas d'une obligation civile de source légale, mais d'une obligation naturelle de source directement romaine, de celle qui pouvaient être protégées par le droit positif à l'origine, mais ne comportait ni actio, ni obligatio, à proprement parler. De la même façon. Cette obligation ni réciproque, ni synallagmatique, il s'agit en réalité d'un faisceau de devoirs. Qui sont familiaux et unilatéraux
Historians of national lega1 systems are often, by and large, balkanized. They study, explain. And trace the history of their own legal systems ; and though they may speak about learned law, it's only with a cursory nod in the direction of the Jus commune. An approach method of this kind cannot be appropriated for such a question as the alimenta ex lege. Actually, every contemporary legal system knows a maintenance institution, with quite the same structure. Not only for those legislations with strong roman tradition, like the French one, but also in common law and even in the former and actual socialist systems. This study will show that the legal duty of maintenance is in fact moved by the essential idea of an interpretation of the debt in fovorem : in favour of the existence of the debt, of it's execution or of the fastness of the execution. This consideration could explain most part of the very special characters of this institution. The same way that it could explain why the modern doctrine remains quite confused when it deals with this institution. It seams that the modern lawyers misunderstood the meaning of maintenance, because they misread the leaned law treaties and mingled the roman obligatio naturalis of maintenance with a modern civilian obligation
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Sjölander, Johansson Jakob Andreas. "”Obligation”, ”Ought” and ”Can”." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179014.

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This paper criticises the famous “”ought” implies “can”” on the grounds that its main claim - that there can be no unfulfillable obligations - is false. The first part of the paper investigates the use, history and previous literature on the topic, as well as the proper understanding of the principle. The second part presents the main argument, directed at the interpretation of “”ought” implies “can”” as a conceptual truth. It is argued that it must be possible to split the meaning of the term “ought” into component parts, parts that must each be quite capable of functioning on their own. The result is that we cannot conclude that one part of the term “ought” (such as whatever is its moral content) must disappear just because another part of it (such as “can”) does so. Finally, in the third part, we tackle some common arguments and intuitions in favour of the principle, and provides a few concluding words and a summary.
Den här uppsatsen kritiserar den berömda “”bör” implicerar “kan””-principen, (här tolkad som “konceptuell implikation), på så vis att principens viktigaste punkt är falsk, nämligen idén att det inte kan finnas några ouppnåbara plikter. Uppsatsens första del undersöker användningen, historien och litteraturen bakom ämnet, samt formuleringen av principen. Den andra delen presenterar huvudargumentet, riktat mot ””bör” implicerar ”kan”” som en konceptuell sanning. Argumentet fungerar på så vis att det måste vara möjligt att dela upp meningen i termen ”borde/bör” i komponenter, komponenter som måste vara kapabla att fungera även på egen hand. Resultatet blir att vi inte kan dra slutsatsen att en del av termen måste försvinna (såsom dess moraliska innehåll) bara för att en annan del av termen (såsom ”kan”) gör det. Slutligen, i den tredje delen, så behandlar vi några vanliga argument och intuition som förs fram till principens försvar, och summerar texten.
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Clement, Nicolas. "Contribution à la pensée juridique des sources d'obligation : Etude de doctrine à l'heure de la réforme du Code civil." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAA006.

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Le bicentenaire du Code civil était l’occasion du bilan ; la réforme du Code civil ouvre le temps des perspectives. Ou plutôt, d’une perspective : celle des sources d’obligations qui, bien qu’elle fixe la ligne des dispositions du nouveau Titre III du Livre III, n’en reste pas moins à dessiner à leur image. L’affirmation peut surprendre. Il est en effet souvent soutenu que la réforme s’inscrit, à bien des égards, dans la continuité, et qu’il n’est de notions aux contours mieux tracés au cours de l’histoire que celles du contrat, du quasi-contrat, de la responsabilité civile, ou de l’engagement unilatéral de volonté. Qui ne voit, pourtant, que cette impression d’une inébranlable constance pourrait bien tenir de l’indistinction d’un droit nouveau qui se meut encore dans les limbes ?Le présent travail entend profiter de la césure introduite par la réforme pour opérer un retour sur nos doctrines. À l’inverse du praticien, qui en redoute les soubresauts, le théoricien ne craint pas les mouvements du droit, qui lui offrent de contempler les dynamiques de fond à l’œuvre. L’étude des évolutions consommées par la réforme du droit des obligations, menée dans une double optique historique et systématique, laissera ainsi apparaître, tant au plan particulier de chaque source qu’à leur conjonction, d’importants bouleversements qui pourraient bien interdire, dans l’avenir, de penser en théorie l’ouvrage rénové autrement qu’à travers un nouveau paradigme
The bicentenary of the french civil Code was the occasion for an assessment ; with the reform of the french civil Code it’s time to look ahead to the prospects. From that point of view, one of the major preoccupations should be the definition of the sources of obligations, which determines the implementation of the new law of obligations. This assertion can be surprising. It is often suggested that the reform mostly provides continuity and that there are no other notions as known as contract, quasi-contract, civil liability or commitment by unilateral will. Yet, how can we fail to see that this impression of an unwavering consistency could be an effect of the new provisions’ shadows ?This work aims to take advantage of the gap of the reform to come back to our doctrines. Unlike practitioner, who fears instability, theoretician is not afraid by the motions of the law, which provide him to consider their background. The study of the evolutions implied by the law of obligations’ reform, conducted through an historical and systematic lens, will thus reveal, at the level of each source and at the conjunction of all, significant upheavals which would probably require to think about the law of obligations differently that we used to do
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Books on the topic "Obligation"

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Jia, Liu. Obligation. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6.

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Horton, John. Political Obligation. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22286-5.

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Horton, John. Political Obligation. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02052-9.

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Horton, John. Political obligation. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press International, 1992.

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Moral obligation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Horton, John. Political obligation. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992.

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Assumed obligation. [Place of publication not identified]: Heartworks Publication, 2007.

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Flathman, Richard E. Political obligation. London: Croom Helm, 1985.

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Political obligation. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

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Mokrosińska, Dorota. Rethinking Political Obligation. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137025036.

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Book chapters on the topic "Obligation"

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Jia, Liu. "Incorporation of Western Bioethics into China." In Obligation, 23–46. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_3.

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Jia, Liu. "Obligation and Healthcare Reforms in China." In Obligation, 83–93. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_5.

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Jia, Liu. "Introduction." In Obligation, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_1.

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Jia, Liu. "Law and Obligations of Physicians and Patients." In Obligation, 47–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_4.

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Jia, Liu. "Historical Background: Barefoot Doctor Program." In Obligation, 11–22. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_2.

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Jia, Liu. "Bringing Trust to Physician–Patient Relationship." In Obligation, 139–47. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_7.

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Jia, Liu. "Public Health Emergency Management and People’s Trust." In Obligation, 95–138. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6437-6_6.

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Byron, Michael. "Obligation." In Submission and Subjection in Leviathan, 47–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137535290_4.

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Wiredu, Kwasi. "Obligation." In Encyclopedia of African Religions and Philosophy, 532–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2068-5_291.

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Horton, John. "Introduction." In Political Obligation, 1–18. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22286-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Obligation"

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Nový, Zdeněk. "The Dichotomy of Obligations of Conduct and Result in International Investment Law." In COFOLA International 2022. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0231-2022-7.

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The content of an international obligation must be ascertained before the investment tribunals have decided that the international obligation was breached. Whilst some obligations in investment treaties require a result to be attained by states or investors, others demand they undertake their best efforts. The dichotomy of obligations of conduct and result is a useful tool in analysing the content of international obligations derived from standards of treatment contained in investment treaties, thereby assisting in determining international responsibility. Firstly, the standard of full protection and security is analysed through the lenses of the dichotomy. Secondly, the procedural obligations stemming from dispute resolution provisions are examined, including the obligation to submit to arbitration, the obligation to comply with arbitral awards, and the obligation to recognise and enforce the latter. Thirdly, the dichotomy serves to enhance the understanding of investors’ obligations to respect human rights under investment treaties. The dichotomy may thus assist in establishing the content of the human rights’ obligation in question, and thus the investor’s responsibility for its breach.
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Manić, Samir. "KAUZA UGOVORNE OBAVEZE." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujvcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.147m.

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The paper discusses the impact of the reasons for the commitment on the validity of the contract. Due to the fact that most institutes of modern law find their origin in Roman law, the paper begins by presenting the role of the cause of obligation in Roman law. The author then analyzes the causal and anti-causal views of legal theory, all in order to emphasize the fact that the cause of the contractual obligation is theoretically a very controversial institute of the law of obligations. The last part of the paper is dedicated to the cause of contractual obligation in our contract law. Starting from the fact that the Law on Obligations accepts with its provisions the subjective and objective conception of the cause of the contractual obligation, the author points out that the objective conception of the cause of the contractual obligation, accepted through art. 51. ZOO, is a redundant institute that has no greater practical significance and which is successfully replaced by other institutes of law of obligations.
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Özkan, Almıla, and Ayşe Sena Aksakallı. "Transfer of Risk of Loss in Turkish Law and International Treaties." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02381.

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The risk of loss refers to the value of the goods that were damaged or destroyed without responsibilities of any party. While the matter of risk of loss differs from legal systems to legal systems, it has been subject to international treaties as well. In Turkish legal system, the abrogated Code of Obligation and Turkish Code of Obligations have different features in terms of transfer of risk of loss. According to abrogated Code of Obligation, the buyer is responsible for the value of the damaged goods as soon as the parties sign the contract. In Turkish Code of Obligations, the seller bears the risk of loss until the delivery of goods or registration. Turkish Code of Obligation is compatible with civil law. And abrogated Code of Obligation is compatible with common law system. There are rules regarding transfer of risk of loss in many international treaties. By the way, it must be stated that rules of transfer of risk of loss in Vienna Convention are compatible with Turkish Code of Obligations.
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Kurti, Artan. "Nemogućnost ispunjenja i raskid ugovora." In Prouzrokovanje štete, naknada štete i osiguranje. Institut za uporedno pravo, Udruženje za odštetno pravo, Pravosudna akademija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/zr_23.ons.05.

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The paper discusses the institute of impossibility of fulfilling obligations, subsequent impossibility and termination of the contract, fault for termination of the contract, contractual liability related to impossibility and termination of the contract, relationship between impossibility of fulfilling obligations and termination of the contract, objective and subjective delay, objective and subjective impossibility of fulfillment, lateness with the fulfillment of the contractual obligation due to the temporary impossibility of fulfillment and the delay of the debtor when the fulfillment of the obligation was possible.
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Tischenko, Irina, and Artur Bilinskiy. "CURRENT ISSUES OF CIVIL LEGAL REGULATION OF OBLIGATIONS: THE CONCEPT, BASIS OF ORIGIN AND TYPES." In Law and law: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02033-3/148-152.

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In the article, the authors consider the most common phenomenon in civil circulation — the obligation. The study examines the basis for the occurrence of obligations and discloses their characteristics. The authors have studied and given an extensive classification of obligations in civil law. As part of the study, the authors conclude that obligations are an integral element of civil law, which has its own characteristics and features.
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Piterman, Nir. "p-Automata and Obligation Games." In 2011 Eighteenth International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/time.2011.23.

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Lischka, Mario. "Dynamic obligation specification and negotiation." In 2010 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium - NOMS 2010. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/noms.2010.5488453.

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Wu, Zongda, Jianfeng Lu, and Chenglang Lu. "Obligation Constraints in Access Control." In 2010 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mines.2010.77.

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Ramadhan, Mirza, F. C. Susila Adiyanta, and Nabitatus Sa'adah. "Google AdSense Publisher Taxation Obligation." In 1st International Conference on Science and Technology in Administration and Management Information, ICSTIAMI 2019, 17-18 July 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-7-2019.2303016.

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"Semantically Enriched Obligation Management - An Approach for Improving the Handling of Obligations Represented in Contracts." In International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004134700400048.

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Reports on the topic "Obligation"

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AIR FORCE ACADEMY COLORADO SPRINGS CO LIBRARY. Spreading Democracy: America's Obligation? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada429337.

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Oman, James R. National Missile Defense - An Obligation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375080.

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Wentz, Walter E. The Foundation of a Soldier's Obligation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada309308.

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Chryssostomidis, Chryssostomos, Michael M. Bernitsas, and David V. Burke. Naval Engineering. A National Naval Obligation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458810.

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NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC. Moral Obligation and the Military: Collected Essays. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229603.

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North, Amy. Negotiating gender, schooling and global obligation in international organisations. Institute of Education, University of London, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii063.

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Wiser, R. Review of International Experience with Renewable Energy Obligation Support Mechanisms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/842906.

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Colton, R. D. The {open_quotes}obligation to serve{close_quotes} and a competitive electric industry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/614539.

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North, Amy. Global obligation for gender equality in education, regulation and global organisations. Institute of Education, University of London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii067.

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Buda, Zolta. Is there a case for a customary obligation of nuclear disarmament? ELTE Faculty of Law, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58360/20221210-buda.

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