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Journal articles on the topic 'Objective diagnosis of hearing disorders'
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Karimova, N. A., Sh D. Islomov, and Sh E. Amonov. "Features of objective audiometry tests and their diagnostic value in the research of hearing in children." OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, no. 4-5(2) 2019 (March 12, 2020): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2019-4-53.
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The article highlights the features of the conduct and interpretation of data on audiological tests at the children in order to identify the degree, type and level of damage of the auditory disorders. According to a survey of 121 children with a diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, it was confirmed that using a complex algorithm of audiological tests such as OAE, DPOAE, BERA and ASSR in hearing diagnosis of the children allows to obtain more accurate and detailed information and avoid possible errors in determining various forms of hearing disorders.
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Strain, George M. "Hearing disorders in cats: Classification, pathology and diagnosis." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 3 (March 2017): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17695062.
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Practical relevance: Auditory function is a sense that is central to life for cats - being important in situational awareness of potential predators, pursuit of prey, and for communication with conspecifics, humans and other species. Deafness in cats is most frequently the result of a genetic disorder, strongly associated with white fur and blue eyes, but may also result from acquired causes such as advancing age, ototoxic drugs, infection, environmental noise and physical trauma. Deafness can be sensorineural, where there is loss of cochlear hair cells, or conductive, where sound is muffled on its way to the inner ear. Clinical challenges: Establishing whether a cat is deaf can be difficult as behavioral testing of hearing is subjective and does not reliably detect unilateral deafness. Brainstem auditory evoked response testing is an objective measure but is limited in its availability. Currently, sensorineural deafness is irreversible because no treatments are available to restore lost hair cells. Conductive hearing loss can usually be treated, although full hearing recovery following otitis media may take weeks as the body clears the middle ear of debris. Evidence base: The author draws on the published literature and his extensive research on clinical aspects and molecular genetics of deafness, principally in companion animals, to review types and forms of deafness in cats. He also discusses current diagnostic approaches and provides brief advice for managing cats with hearing loss.
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Maggu, Akshay R., and Tobias Overath. "An Objective Approach Toward Understanding Auditory Processing Disorder." American Journal of Audiology 30, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 790–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_aja-21-00007.
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Purpose In the field of audiology, auditory processing disorder (APD) continues to be a topic of ongoing debate for clinicians and scientists alike, both in terms of theory and clinical practice. In the current viewpoint, we first lay out the main issues that are central to the controversy surrounding APD, and then suggest a framework toward their resolution. Method The current viewpoint is informed by reviewing existing studies in the field of APD to better understand the issues contributing to the controversies in APD. Results We found that, within the current definition of APD, the two main issues that make the APD diagnosis controversial are (a) comorbidity with other disorders and (b) the lack of domain specificity. These issues remain unresolved, especially with the use of the existing behavioral APD test batteries. In this viewpoint, we shed light on how they can be mitigated by implementing the administration of an objective, physiological test battery. Conclusions By administering an objective test battery, as proposed in this viewpoint, we believe that it will be possible to achieve a higher degree of specificity to the auditory domain that will not only contribute towards clinical practice but also contribute towards strengthening APD as a theoretical construct.
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Kleijwegt, Maarten, Floris Bettink, Martijn Malessy, Hein Putter, and Andel van der Mey. "Clinical Predictors Leading to Change of Initial Conservative Treatment of 836 Vestibular Schwannomas." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 81, no. 01 (February 4, 2019): 015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678708.
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Objective This study was aimed to determine the role of clinical presentation and tumor characteristics in vestibular schwannoma (VS) at diagnosis, initially treated with conservative management. Design The study was designed as a retrospective chart review. Setting The study was prepared at national tertiary referral center for VS patients. Participants A total of 836 VS patients, initially treated conservatively, were included. Main Outcome Measures Patient characteristics: age at diagnosis, gender, frequency, and duration of, hearing loss, tinnitus, balance disorder (unsteadiness, dizziness, and vertigo), respectively; and tumor characteristics: laterality, growth, cystic component, and location were analyzed in relation to tumor size at diagnosis and change in treatment strategy. Results In total, 169 (20%) patients had a change in treatment strategy. Factors at diagnosis that had a high influence on intervention were a short duration of hearing loss (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.8, p < 0.001) and cystic tumors (HR = 2.6, p < 0.001). Balance disorders and extracanalicular (EC) tumor location have a medium influence on intervention (HR = 1.6, p < 0.01). Tumour growth was seen in 55% of the intervention group; we found a significant correlation with a short duration of hearing loss. Cystic VS was significantly higher between the medium and large tumors, 24.3% and 38.1%. (p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions Patients with a short duration of hearing loss, balance disorders, EC located tumors, and cystic tumors have a significantly higher chance of a change in treatment strategy. Large tumor size at diagnosis and a cystic component were related to age > 65 years at diagnosis.
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Gáborján, Anita, Judit Götze, Marianna Küstel, Nóra Kecskeméti, Ildikó Baranyi, Fatime Csontos, and László Tamás. "Az újszülöttkori objektív hallásszűrés utánvizsgálatának eredményei." Orvosi Hetilap 160, no. 47 (November 2019): 1850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2019.31604.
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Abstract: Sufficient hearing is the cornerstone of the development of children’s complex sensory perception, sound recognition, speech development and optimal communication skills. Hearing screening of newborns is necessary to detect congenital hearing disorders. Compulsory objective hearing screening in Hungary is a significant improvement in early diagnosis. The Audiological Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Clinic at Semmelweis University serves as a verification center for children identified via the compulsory objective newborn hearing screening and necessitates more detailed assessment. The goal of this study was to summarize the verification results of the year 2018. Case history, ENT examination, electric response measurement, impedance tests, otoacoustic emission measurement, surdopedagogical examination, and genetic examination are the basics of the diagnosis and the therapy as well. Altogether 261 newborns were examined in 2018 and 164 were subjected to audiological tests during the analyzed seven-month period. Normal hearing was detected in both ears in 77% of the cases, while hearing loss has been verified in 37 patients (23% of cases). Permanent hearing loss has been diagnosed in 19 cases, 4 unilateral and 15 bilateral. Hearing loss of sensorineural origin was confirmed in 17, conductive in 2 children. Temporary hearing loss caused by otitis media with effusion was found in further 18 children which healed spontaneously in most cases. Organized neonatal objective hearing examination has been established in Hungary in 2015. As a result, we can diagnose and provide care for children with hearing loss at the earliest stage. The National Newborn Hearing Screening Registry ensures a well-coordinated and smooth process. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(47): 1850–1855.
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Vielsmeier, Veronika, Tobias Kleinjung, Jürgen Strutz, Ralf Bürgers, Peter Michael Kreuzer, and Berthold Langguth. "Tinnitus with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 145, no. 5 (June 25, 2011): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811413376.
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Objective. Tinnitus is frequently associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. However, the nature of the relationship is not fully understood. Here the authors compared 30 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and tinnitus to a group of 61 patients with tinnitus but without any subjective complaints of TMJ dysfunction with respect to clinical and demographic characteristics. Study Design. Case-control study. Setting. Tertiary referral center. Subjects. Tinnitus patients with and without TMJ dysfunction presenting at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and the Tinnitus Clinic at the University of Regensburg. Results. Tinnitus patients with TMJ disorder had better hearing function ( P < .0005), lower age ( P = .001), and lower age at tinnitus onset ( P = .002) and were more frequently female ( P = .003). Their subjectively perceived tinnitus loudness was lower ( P = .01), and more of them could modulate their tinnitus by jaw or neck movements ( P = .001). Conclusion. Classical risk factors for tinnitus (age, male gender, hearing loss) are less relevant in tinnitus patients with TMJ disorder, suggesting a causal role of TMJ pathology in the generation and maintenance of tinnitus. Based on this finding, treatment of TMJ disorder may represent a causally oriented treatment strategy for tinnitus.
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Ilyin, Petr Arkadiyevich. "Instrumental Diagnosis Methods for ENT Diseases." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2009-02.
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As with any other clinical discipline, otorhinolaryngology uses both simple investigation methods including external examination of ENT organs with an otoscope, rhinoscope and laryngoscope, and more complex ones requiring the use of special devices and equipment. The latter include X-ray examination, US diagnostics, endomicroscopy of the nose and paranasal sinuses, CT and MRI (in case the study of soft tissue formations is needed). To study the auditory analyser functions and the labyrinth state, a number of functional tests are performed including stabilometry or postulography. Audiometry is performed with electroacoustic instruments and can be subjective and objective. Impedancometry, a method of objective hearing assessment, based on measuring the acoustic resistance of a soundconducting device, is used to determine the location and nature of the auditory system disorders. All these methods help establish the correct diagnosis, clarify the localisation of the pathological process and prescribe the correct treatment.
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Ralli, Massimo, Giuseppe Nola, Luca Sparvoli, and Giovanni Ralli. "Unilateral Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome and Bilateral Endolymphatic Hydrops." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6195317.
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Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) syndrome is a common congenital inner ear malformation characterized by a vestibular aqueduct with a diameter larger than 1.5 mm, mixed or sensorineural hearing loss that ranges from mild to profound, and vestibular disorders that may be present with a range from mild imbalance to episodic objective vertigo. In our study, we present the case of a patient with unilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct and bilateral endolymphatic hydrops (EH). EH was confirmed through anamnestic history and audiological exams; EVA was diagnosed using high-resolution CT scans and MRI images. Therapy included intratympanic infusion of corticosteroids with a significant hearing improvement, more evident in the ear contralateral to EVA. Although most probably unrelated, EVA and EH may present with similar symptoms and therefore the diagnostic workup should always include the proper steps to perform a correct diagnosis. Association between progression of hearing loss and head trauma in patients with a diagnosis of EVA syndrome is still uncertain; however, these individuals should be advised to avoid activities that increase intracranial pressure to prevent further hearing deterioration. Intratympanic treatment with steroids is a safe and well-tolerated procedure that has demonstrated its efficacy in hearing, tinnitus, and vertigo control in EH.
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Palomo-Carrión, Rocío, Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Helena Romay-Barrero, Inés Martínez-Galán, Cristina Lirio-Romero, and Elena Pinero-Pinto. "How Does the Cause of Infantile Hemiparesis Influence Other Conditioning Factors? A Preliminary Study in a Spanish Population." Children 8, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8050323.
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Infantile hemiparesis may be associated with significant morbidity and may have a profound impact on a child’s physical and social development. Infantile hemiparesis is associated with motor dysfunction as well as additional neurologic impairments, including sensory loss, mental retardation, epilepsy, and vision, hearing, or speech impairments. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between the cause of infantile hemiparesis and birth (gestational age), age of diagnosis, and associated disorders present in children with infantile hemiparesis aged 0 to 3 years. An observational and cross-sectional study was performed. A simple and anonymous questionnaire was created ad hoc for parents of children diagnosed with infantile hemiparesis aged between 0 and 3 years about the situation regarding the diagnosis of hemiparesis, birth, cause of hemiparesis, and presence of other associated disorders. Perinatal stroke (60.1%) was the most common cause of hemiparesis, and the most typical associated disorder was epilepsy (34.2%), with the second largest percentage in this dimension corresponding to an absence of associated disorders (20.7%). The most frequent birth was “no premature” (74.1%). The mean age of diagnosis of infantile hemiparesis was registered at 8 months (IQR: 0–36). Knowing the possible association between different conditioning factors and the cause of infantile hemiparesis facilitates the prevention of severe sequelae in children and family, implementing an early comprehensive therapeutic approach in children with infantile hemiparesis.
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Di Stadio, A., and Massimo Ralli. "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and hearing disorders: Literature review and meta-analysis of clinical and temporal bone findings." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 5 (February 20, 2017): 1470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060516688600.
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Objective This literature review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations among hearing and vestibular clinical symptoms, temporal bone findings, and pathological mechanisms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Study design Relevant papers in the literature were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical hearing aspects in patients with SLE and relevant temporal bone studies in the same field were analyzed. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar searches were performed using the following keywords: “auto-immune disease,” “systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),” “hearing loss,” “temporal bone study,” “vertigo,” “dizziness,” “tinnitus,” “ear symptoms,” “treatment,” “diagnosis,” “symptoms,” “etiopathogenesis,” “Wegener granulomatosis,” “Sjogren,” “polyarteritis nodosa,” “Cogan syndrome,” and “granulomatosis.” Also included were reviews in which the following terms were present: “SLE,” “temporal bone,” and “hearing symptoms.” Review and conclusion This literature review and meta-analysis focused on the pathological mechanisms through which SLE can damage inner ear structures and determinate hearing and vestibular symptoms. The main mechanisms involved in inner ear damage include the autoimmune response, deposition of immune complexes in the vessels and, to a lesser extent, cytotoxic damage.
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Jaisinghani, Priyanka, and P. Manjula. "Acoustical and Perceptual Analysis of Noise Reduction Strategies in Individuals With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 12 (December 14, 2020): 4208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00176.
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Purpose The conventional amplification devices render minimal or no benefit at abating the speech perception problems of individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of noise reduction strategies (multiband spectral subtraction, Wiener-as, Karhunen–Loeve transform [Subspace], and ideal binary mask [IdBM] algorithm) on speech using speech perception measures and acoustic measure among individuals with ANSD. Method Two groups of participants (age: 17–43 years) were recruited in the study. Group I comprised 12 individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of ANSD and not exceeding moderate degree of hearing loss and Group II of 10 individuals with normal hearing in both ears. The signal-to-noise required for 50% speech recognition (SNR-50) was measured for the participants in five conditions, that is, unprocessed speech and speech processed with four noise reduction strategies. Additionally, an acoustic objective measure Extended Short-Time Objective Intelligibility algorithm was employed to estimate the intelligibility index across the conditions. Results Significant difference was found across conditions in both the groups. Pairwise comparison revealed significantly better speech perception on SNR-50 measure with IdBM strategy, for both the groups. No significant difference in SNR-50 was observed with other noise reduction strategies. IdBM condition also gave the highest intelligibility index ( d ) values using Extended Short-Time Objective Intelligibility algorithm. This finding needs to be verified on a larger group of individuals with ANSD. Conclusions IdBM noise reduction strategy rendered significantly lower SNR-50 compared to other noise reduction strategies for individuals with ANSD in this study. This provides clinical evidence for the same and also recommends trying on a larger group of participants before its implementation in hearing devices. Apart from this, the current strategies used in hearing aids provide no improvement in speech identification in noise for this population. Hence, though the present hearing aids may show benefit in quiet condition, chances of its rejection are high in noisy backgrounds.
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Bigler, Diana, Kristen Burke, Nicholas Laureano, Kristan Alfonso, Julie Jacobs, and Matthew L. Bush. "Assessment and Treatment of Behavioral Disorders in Children with Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 160, no. 1 (September 11, 2018): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818797598.
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Objective There is evidence that children who are deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) have a higher incidence of behavioral disorders. Assessment of behavioral health in this population is often complicated by language developmental delays, which may result in unrecognized and untreated behavioral problems. The purpose of this study is to assess the association of behavioral disorders among children who are DHH and to explore behavioral interventions for children in this population. Data Sources PubMed, CINALH, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. Review Methods Search terms included the following: problem behavior, child behavior disorders/diagnosis, child behavior disorders/psychology coupled with hearing loss, cochlear implants, hearing aids, or deafness. Studies from the last 30 years (1985-2016) were included. The articles were reviewed independently by 3 reviewers. Results Thirty-six articles met criteria. There was an association between internalizing behaviors and hearing loss among children, which may persist after cochlear implantation. These problems may be more pronounced for children with additional disabilities. Conduct and hyperactivity disorders as well as emotional and executive function problems among children who are DHH may be related to poor language development. There was limited evidence regarding interventions to address the behavioral disorders of DHH children. Conclusions There is a significant body of evidence demonstrating behavioral problems among DHH children but a lack of clear understanding of the mechanisms involved. There is limited evidence on interventions to address the behavioral problems of DHH children. Future research is warranted to mitigate the long-term effects of disruptive behavior among these children.
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Wassef, David W., Nehal Dhaduk, Savannah C. Roy, Gregory L. Barinsky, and Evelyne Kalyoussef. "Helping Children with Special Needs: Who Receives Tympanostomy Tubes?" Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 130, no. 8 (January 16, 2021): 954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489420987425.
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Objectives: Tympanostomy tubes can prevent sequelae of otitis media that adversely affect long term hearing and language development in children. These negative outcomes compound the existing difficulties faced by children who are already diagnosed with developmental disorders. This study aims to characterize this subset of children with developmental disorders undergoing myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion. Methods: A retrospective review using the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) was conducted, with codes from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision used to query data from the years 2003 to 2012 to determine a study group of children with a diagnosis of a developmental disorder undergoing myringotomy and tympanostomy insertion. This group was compared statistically to patients undergoing these procedures who did not have a diagnosed developmental disorder. Results: In total, 21 945 cases of patients with myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion were identified, of which 1200 (5.5%) had a diagnosis of a developmental disorder. Children with developmental disorders had a higher mean age (3.3 years vs 2.9 years, P = .002) and higher mean hospital charges ($43 704.77 vs $32 764.22, P = .003). This cohort also had higher proportions of black (17.6% vs 12.3%, P < .001) and Hispanic (23.9% vs 20.6%, P = .014) patients, and had lower rates of private insurance coverage (39.6% vs 49%, P < .001). Conclusion: The population of children with developmental disorders undergoing myringotomy or tympanostomy tube placement has a different demographic composition than the general population and faces distinct financial and insurance coverage burdens. Further study should be done to assess if these differences impact long term outcomes.
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Wolfberg, Jeremy, Keerthana Chintalapati, Shunji Tomatsu, and Kyoko Nagao. "Hearing Loss in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Current Knowledge and Future Directions." Diagnostics 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2020): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10080554.
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Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by a deficiency of one of the enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Hearing loss is a common clinical presentation in MPS. This paper reviews the literature on hearing loss for each of the seven recognized subtypes of MPS. Hearing loss was found to be common in MPS I, II, III, IVA, VI, and VII, and absent from MPS IVB and MPS IX. MPS VI presents primarily with conductive hearing loss, while the other subtypes (MPS I, MPS II, MPS III, MPS IVA, and MPS VII) can present with any type of hearing loss (conductive, sensorineural, or mixed hearing loss). The sensorineural component develops as the disease progresses, but there is no consensus on the etiology of the sensorineural component. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is the most common therapy utilized for MPS, but the effects of ERT on hearing function have been inconclusive. This review highlights a need for more comprehensive and multidisciplinary research on hearing function that includes behavioral testing, objective testing, and temporal bone imaging. This information would allow for better understanding of the progression and etiology of hearing loss. Owing to the prevalence of hearing loss in MPS, early diagnosis of hearing loss and annual comprehensive audiological evaluations are recommended.
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Joshi, Ganesh Arun, and Prajakta Ganesh Joshi. "Study of menstrual patterns in adolescent girls with disabilities in a residential institution." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2014-0016.
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Abstract Background: The gynecological health needs of girls with disabilities is an issue related to their rights as individuals. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the menstrual pattern of girls with disabilities. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was undertaken on thirty girls with different types of disabilities in a residential institution. The diagnosis, type of disability, secondary sexual characters, age at menarche, menstrual pattern and practice of menstrual hygiene was noted. Results: The girls with intellectual disabilities had later age of menarche, irregular cycles and more behaviour problems. The girls with hearing impairment and locomotor disabilities had normal menstrual pattern. The girl with low vision had earlier menarche and regularized cycles. Girls with normal intelligence and mild intellectual disabilities were independent in maintaining menstrual hygiene. The menstrual disorders are managed conservatively in accordance with latest guidelines. Conclusion: Onset of menarche is towards the extremes of normal age range in girls with intellectual disabilities or visual impairment but not in girls with hearing impairments or locomotor disabilities. Girls with disabilities have potential for independent menstrual care. Menstrual disorders were managed conservatively.
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Birnbaum, Michael Leo, Prathamesh "Param" Kulkarni, Anna Van Meter, Victor Chen, Asra F. Rizvi, Elizabeth Arenare, Munmun De Choudhury, and John M. Kane. "Utilizing Machine Learning on Internet Search Activity to Support the Diagnostic Process and Relapse Detection in Young Individuals With Early Psychosis: Feasibility Study." JMIR Mental Health 7, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): e19348. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19348.
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Background Psychiatry is nearly entirely reliant on patient self-reporting, and there are few objective and reliable tests or sources of collateral information available to help diagnostic and assessment procedures. Technology offers opportunities to collect objective digital data to complement patient experience and facilitate more informed treatment decisions. Objective We aimed to develop computational algorithms based on internet search activity designed to support diagnostic procedures and relapse identification in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Methods We extracted 32,733 time-stamped search queries across 42 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 74 healthy volunteers between the ages of 15 and 35 (mean 24.4 years, 44.0% male), and built machine-learning diagnostic and relapse classifiers utilizing the timing, frequency, and content of online search activity. Results Classifiers predicted a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders with an area under the curve value of 0.74 and predicted a psychotic relapse in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with an area under the curve of 0.71. Compared with healthy participants, those with schizophrenia spectrum disorders made fewer searches and their searches consisted of fewer words. Prior to a relapse hospitalization, participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were more likely to use words related to hearing, perception, and anger, and were less likely to use words related to health. Conclusions Online search activity holds promise for gathering objective and easily accessed indicators of psychiatric symptoms. Utilizing search activity as collateral behavioral health information would represent a major advancement in efforts to capitalize on objective digital data to improve mental health monitoring.
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Shoman, Nael M., and Thamir Aldahmashi. "Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Annals of Otology and Neurotology 2, no. 02 (September 2019): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703970.
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Abstract Objective Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare indolent B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, representing 1 to 2% of all hematological malignancies. Involvement of the inner ear is rare with only case reports published over the past six decades. Methods The occurrence of bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss is exceeding rare, with limited published data in the literature. We present a case of a 62-year-old man diagnosed with WM who presented with bilateral sequential sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Results A few months following his WM diagnosis, he experienced sudden hearing loss in his left ear. He was treated with a course of oral steroids with no improvement. Three months following this incident, he experienced a similar sudden loss of hearing in his right ear. Treatment for WM was initiated. A repeat hearing test, done 1 week later, did not show any significant improvement in his right hearing. Conclusion The clinical course of WM is highly variable, with relatively infrequent involvement of lymph nodes, spleen, or liver. The inner ear is rarely involved. In this article, otologic clinical presentation is discussed, along with a review of the literature on hearing loss in WM.
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Murray, Elizabeth, Patricia McCabe, Robert Heard, and Kirrie J. Ballard. "Differential Diagnosis of Children with Suspected Childhood Apraxia of Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 58, no. 1 (February 2015): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_jslhr-s-12-0358.
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Purpose The gold standard for diagnosing childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is expert judgment of perceptual features. The aim of this study was to identify a set of objective measures that differentiate CAS from other speech disorders. Method Seventy-two children (4–12 years of age) diagnosed with suspected CAS by community speech-language pathologists were screened. Forty-seven participants underwent diagnostic assessment including presence or absence of perceptual CAS features. Twenty-eight children met two sets of diagnostic criteria for CAS (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2007b; Shriberg, Potter, & Strand, 2009); another 4 met the CAS criteria with comorbidity. Fifteen were categorized as non-CAS with phonological impairment, submucous cleft, or dysarthria. Following this, 24 different measures from the diagnostic assessment were rated by blinded raters. Multivariate discriminant function analysis was used to identify the combination of measures that best predicted expert diagnoses. Results The discriminant function analysis model, including syllable segregation, lexical stress matches, percentage phonemes correct from a polysyllabic picture-naming task, and articulatory accuracy on repetition of /pətəkə/, reached 91% diagnostic accuracy against expert diagnosis. Conclusions Polysyllabic production accuracy and an oral motor examination that includes diadochokinesis may be sufficient to reliably identify CAS and rule out structural abnormality or dysarthria. Testing with a larger unselected sample is required.
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Hsiao, Po-Chou, Hsiao-Yun Hu, Tzong-Hann Yang, Fei-Peng Lee, and Hung-Meng Huang. "Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Associated with Tension-Type Headache: A Population-Based Study." Audiology and Neurotology 20, no. 2 (2015): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000370301.
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Objectives: This study explored the relationship between sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and prior tension-type headache (TTH) in a large nationwide population-based data set in Taiwan. Methods: In this case-controlled study in Taiwan, participants with SSNHL (n = 4,683) were identified, and controls (n = 18,732) were randomly selected from the National Health Insurance database. Cases of TTH were identified by having been diagnosed as TTH prior to the index date of SSNHL diagnosis. A conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of sudden deafness with TTH among the sampled patients. Results: Among the 23,415 patients, 2.5% (600/23,415) had TTH diagnoses prior to the index date; TTH was diagnosed in 4.5% (209/4,683) of the SSNHL group and 2.1% (391/18,732) of the control group. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid medical disorders, we found that patients with SSNHL were more likely to have had a previous TTH than controls (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.54-2.24; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Both male and female patients with SSNHL had a higher proportion of prior TTH than controls without SSNHL.
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Rai, Maya, Ganesh Prasad Neupane, Dabal Bahadur Dhami, and Thakur Prasad Paudel. "Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation Among Hearing and Speech Impaired Children of Banke, Nepal." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v16i2.24877.
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Introduction: The parasites can cause different gastrointestinal disorders which have great impact on life quality. Hearing and speech impaired children are unable to maintain proper sanitation, making them more prone to intestinal parasitic infection.
Aim and Objective: To know the prevalence of various parasitic infestations among hearing and speech impaired Children.
Materials and Methods: Stool specimen were collected from 104 hearing and speech impaired children who were living in private rehabilitation school of chisapani village of Banke district Nepal for a period of 5 month from December 2017 to April 2018 and direct wet mount was prepared using normal saline (0.9%) and Lugol's iodine (0.5%). The wet mount was observed under microscope for parasites.
Results: Among 104 individuals intestinal parasites were seen in 25.96 % of students. Giardia lamblia (37.04%) was the most common parasite followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (18.52%) and Entamoeba histolytica (14.82%).
Conclusion: The study shows that although the speech and hearing impaired children are more prone to parasitic infection, the prevalence is same as normal people. Giardia lamblia, Ascaris lumbricoides and Entamoeba histolytica were the common parasites. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of infected children should be undertaken.
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Kucur, Cuneyt, Suna Kabil Kucur, Ilay Gozukara, Ali Seven, Kadriye Beril Yuksel, Nadi Keskin, and Fatih Oghan. "Extended High Frequency Audiometry in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/482689.
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Objective. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting 5–10% of women in reproductive age. Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, hypertension, and obesity are metabolic disorders accompanying the syndrome. PCOS is a chronic proinflammatory state and the disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction. In diseases with endothelial damage, hearing in high frequencies are mostly effected in early stages. We evaluated extended high frequency hearing loss in PCOS patients.Material Methods. Forty women diagnosed as PCOS and 25 healthy controls were included in this study. Age and BMI of PCOS and control groups were comparable. Each subject was tested with low (250–2000 Hz), high (4000–8000 Hz), and extended high frequency audiometry (8000–20000). Hormonal and biochemical values including LH, LH/FSH, testosterone, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-I, and CRP were calculated.Results. PCOS patients showed high levels of LH, LH/FSH, testosterone, fasting insulin, glucose, HOMA-I, and CRP levels. The hearing thresholds of the groups were similar at frequencies of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz; statistically significant difference was observed in 8000–14000 Hz in PCOS group compared to control group.Conclusion. PCOS patients have hearing impairment especially in extended high frequencies. Further studies are needed to help elucidate the mechanism behind hearing impairment in association with PCOS.
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Ortiz, Karin Zazo, Liliane Desgualdo Pereira, Alda Christina Lopes de Carvalho, and Luiz Celso Pereira Vilanova. "Nonverbal dichotic test in patients with epilepsy." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 3, no. 2 (June 2009): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642009dn30200007.
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Abstract Auditory processing during childhood may be altered if there is any predisposing factor during the course of development. Neurological disorders are among the risk factors for auditory processing disorders. Some studies have shown verbal auditory processing disorder in children with epilepsy. Objective: To verify the performance of children with epilepsy on a nonverbal dichotic test. Methods: Thirty-eight subjects, 23 female and 15 male, ranging from 7 to 16 years of age with neurological diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy, without clinical or imaging evidence of cerebral lesion were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: 23 patients diagnosed with partial seizures and 15 patients with generalized seizures. Illiterate children, children with hearing thresholds exceeding the normal range and with brain lesions confirmed either clinically or by imaging tests were excluded from the study group. Results: Analysis of the performance of epileptic patients with partial and generalized seizures on the Nonverbal Dichotic Test revealed that the majority of patients with epilepsy showed impairments in the test, with no significant differences related to seizure type, generalized or partial. Although patients with partial and generalized seizures performed similarly, all the epileptic patients showed different performance to a normal population. Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of impairments among epileptic patients in relation to nonverbal processing in a dichotic paradigm.
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Magaldi, Regina Miksian, Alexandre Leopold Busse, Venceslau Antonio Coelho, Daniel Apolinário, Leonardo da Costa Lopes, Erika Satomi, Juliana Yumi Tison Kasai, and Wilson Jacob Filho. "Clinical conditions and memory complaints in outpatient elderly." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 2, no. 4 (December 2008): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642009dn20400015.
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Abstract Memory complaints are common in elderly, and may be associated with many clinical problems. Objective: To identify clinical conditions and possible factors related to memory complaints in elderly outpatients presenting at a tertiary unit. Methods: Patients with memory complaints and normal cognitive screening tests were submitted to clinical and laboratorial testing. Radiological evaluation was performed as needed for diagnosis. Results: One hundred and seventy-seven subjects were initially evaluated, 12 were excluded because of poor and inconsistent memory complaints. Of the remainder, seventeen had criteria for dementia diagnosis. Ninety-two (55.4%) had one or more comorbid conditions possibly related to their complaints. Major depression was present in 26.0%. Sixteen patients (9.6%) had vitamin B12 deficiency, 8 were in use of inappropriate medications, and 7 (4.2%) had hypothyroidism. Other conditions diagnosed were: generalized anxiety disorder, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hyperparathyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus. Three patients had severe hearing loss (in 22 with hearing complaints); one had severe visual impairment (in 22 with visual complaints). Conclusions: Comprehensive evaluation was able to identify treatable conditions possibly related to memory complaints.
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Bruderer, Saskia G., Daniel Bodmer, Nadja A. Stohler, Susan S. Jick, and Christoph R. Meier. "Population-Based Study on the Epidemiology of Ménière's Disease." Audiology and Neurotology 22, no. 2 (2017): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475875.
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Background and Objective: Ménière's disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear typically showing recurrent acute episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Epidemiologic studies on MD are scarce. We assessed the incidence rates (IRs) of MD and describe the characteristics of MD cases, comparing them to control patients without recorded evidence of MD. Study Design: We conducted a retrospective population-based follow-up study and a nested case-control analysis using data from the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Methods: We identified patients between 18 and 79 years of age with an incident MD diagnosis between January 1993 and December 2014. We assessed the IRs of betahistine-treated MD. In the nested case-control analysis, we matched 4 controls to each MD case on sex, age, general practice, years of active history in the database, and calendar time. We conducted a χ2 test to present p values in order to compare the prevalence of demographics, comorbidities, and co-medication between cases and controls. Results: We identified 5,508 MD cases and 22,032 MD-free controls (65.4% females). The overall IR for MD in the UK was 13.1 per 100,000 person-years. More cases were female, and the mean age at diagnosis was 55.4 ± 13.7 years. Smoking and alcohol consumption were less prevalent among MD cases. Depression, other affective disorders, sleeping disorders, anxiety, and migraine were more prevalent among MD cases than among controls. Conclusions: MD is uncommon in primary care in the UK with a preponderance among females.
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Šichnárek, Jakub, Jana Vyskotová, Kateřina Macháčková, and Eva Mrázková. "Porównanie częstości występowania objawów współistniejących w grupie pacjentów z zawrotami głowy." Otolaryngologia Polska 71, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5524.
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BACKGROUND: Dizziness is the second most frequent symptom that make patients seek specialized examination. The effective solution of dizzy conditions requires treatment in cooperation with different branches of medicine. OBJECTIVE: To analyze data from the database of patients with vertigo examined in the Hearing and Balance Disorder Centre in Ostrava, to find out whether, and in what factors, the sets of patients with diagnosed central and peripheral vestibular syndrom differ from each other. METHODS: Retrospective study that was carried out from October 2012 to February 2013. The data was gathered from documentation of all vertiginous patients who were examined by an otoneurologist. RESULTS: The statistically significant difference between the two sets was found in: occurrence of hypertension and mild obesity, impaired hearing and otitis media, stabilometric testing CONCLUSIONS: There was a statistically significant difference between the sets with the central and peripheral vestibular syndrome in the frequency of occurrence of hypertension, impaired hearing, otitis media, in mild obesity categorization and in balance disorders. There was not any statistically significant difference found in the other observed factors. The results confirm the need of a multidisciplinary approach to patients with vertigo.
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Gonik, Liora, Amanda Tupinambá da Fonseca Oliveira, Paula Silva de Carvalho Chagas, and Jaqueline da Silva Frônio. "Auditory and Language Development Assessment of Newborns Aged One to Four Years Exposed to Gestational Zika Virus Infection: A Case Series." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 6562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126562.
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The known neurotropism of the Zika virus (ZikV) suggests that auditory organs and their neural pathways may be affected by prenatal Zika infections. Among the possible manifestations are audiological and language disorders, but so far, the data in the literature are inconclusive. Objective: To describe early and late hearing disorders in children with Congenital Zika Virus Infection (CZVI) and evaluate the language development of this population between 14 and 47 months of age and its possible correlation with the alterations found in auditory exams. Methods: Longitudinal, prospective, observational study of newborns born in Juiz de Fora and its macroregion with confirmed diagnosis of ZikV infection during pregnancy. Participants were examined from one to four years of age for hearing using the transient otoacoustic emissions (TOAE) test, immittance testing and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), and language using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development—Third Edition (Bayley III). Results: 15 participants were included; eight (53.33%) presented alterations in at least one of the hearing tests, one had an early loss (6%) of sensorineural origin, and seven (46.67%) had a poor language performance. In the three (20%) participants whose audiological exams were altered, there was language impairment, and two (13.33%) participants had extensive malformations in the central nervous system (CNS), presented language delay, and hearing exams were within normality. Conclusion: Infants and preschoolers with CZVI may present early neurosensory loss and late hearing loss with fluctuating character. Even if there were no significant association between the audiological exams results and the Bayley III performance, in the present sample, language development was below expectations for the age in the participants who had alterations in the three audiological exams, when there is early hearing loss or extensive lesions to the CNS. The results reinforce the importance of audiological examinations, especially the BAEP morphological and auditory threshold, in monitoring cases of CZVI until at least three years of age.
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Mohan, Jesinth, Rakesh P. S., Prabhakar D. Moses, and Sneha Varkki. "Outcome of children with tuberculous meningitis: a prospective study from a tertiary care centre in Southern India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20164742.
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Background: TB Meningitis is one of the most serious forms of Tuberculosis. Objective of the current study was to assess the clinical outcome of children presented with TB Meningitis in a tertiary care centre in southern India by following them up and assess their present state in terms of neurological deficits, hearing and visual deficits, learning difficulties and day to day performances.Methods: Children between 0 - 15 years diagnosed to have TB meningitis in a 2700 bedded hospital in Tamilnadu, India, during the time period 1999-2003 were identified through medical records. These children were called back after 2 to 7 years and health status in terms of neurological deficits, learning deficits, persisting seizures and day to day performance, hearing, ophthalmologic assessment and Intelligence quotient assessment were assessed.Results: Nearly one third of the children with TB meningitis showed complete recovery. One third died and another one third had some disability. Major problem (46%) encountered in TB meningitis survivors was behavioural problems; the commonest being hyperactivity. Ten out of 27 children had poor scholastic performances, six had neurological deficits and four had seizure disorders. Of 17 children assessed, two had hearing impairment and five had visual impairment. All children with hydrocephalus and were shunted within five days had fully recovered. Of the children shunted later, 9 children (60%) had some sequelae.Conclusions: Childhood TB meningitis has very poor outcomes. Poor prognosis and difficult early diagnosis emphasise the importance of preventive therapy for child contacts of patients with tuberculosis.
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Aziz, Sumair, Muhammad Umar Khan, Majed Alhaisoni, Tallha Akram, and Muhammad Altaf. "Phonocardiogram Signal Processing for Automatic Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disorders through Fusion of Temporal and Cepstral Features." Sensors 20, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 3790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133790.
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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a heart disorder associated with the devastating indications that result in increased mortality, increased morbidity, increased healthcare expenditure, and decreased quality of life. Ventricular Septal Defects (VSDs) and Arterial Septal Defects (ASDs) are the most common types of CHD. CHDs can be controlled before reaching a serious phase with an early diagnosis. The phonocardiogram (PCG) or heart sound auscultation is a simple and non-invasive technique that may reveal obvious variations of different CHDs. Diagnosis based on heart sounds is difficult and requires a high level of medical training and skills due to human hearing limitations and the non-stationary nature of PCGs. An automated computer-aided system may boost the diagnostic objectivity and consistency of PCG signals in the detection of CHDs. The objective of this research was to assess the effects of various pattern recognition modalities for the design of an automated system that effectively differentiates normal, ASD, and VSD categories using short term PCG time series. The proposed model in this study adopts three-stage processing: pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) was used to denoise the raw PCG signals acquired from subjects. One-dimensional local ternary patterns (1D-LTPs) and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) were extracted from the denoised PCG signal for precise representation of data from different classes. In the final stage, the fused feature vector of 1D-LTPs and MFCCs was fed to the support vector machine (SVM) classifier using 10-fold cross-validation. The PCG signals were acquired from the subjects admitted to local hospitals and classified by applying various experiments. The proposed methodology achieves a mean accuracy of 95.24% in classifying ASD, VSD, and normal subjects. The proposed model can be put into practice and serve as a second opinion for cardiologists by providing more objective and faster interpretations of PCG signals.
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Colozza, Patrícia, and Adriana Ribeiro Tavares Anastasio. "Screening, diagnosing and treating deafness: the knowledge and conduct of doctors serving in neonatology and/or pediatrics in a tertiary teaching hospital." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 127, no. 2 (May 2009): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802009000200002.
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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Infant hearing deficiency is a human disorder with devastating effects and serious implications for the development of speech and language. Early diagnosis of hearing loss should be the objective of a multidisciplinary team, and early-intervention programs should immediately follow this. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and conduct of pediatricians and pediatric residents in a tertiary teaching hospital regarding deafness. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Eighty-eight questionnaires were randomly distributed to pediatricians and pediatric residents. RESULTS: Thirty-six questionnaires were analyzed. Most respondents (61.1%) were residents in pediatrics and/or neonatology. Eighty-three percent of them performed special procedures on babies presenting a high risk of deafness, and 55% reported that they had no knowledge of techniques for screening hearing. Most of them were unaware of the classifications of level and type of hearing loss. According to 47.2% of them, infants could begin to use a hearing aid at six months of age. Most of them reported that infants could undergo hearing rehabilitation during the first six months of life, and all respondents stated 's responsibilities. CONCLUSIONS: Even though most of the participants followed special procedures with babies presenting a high risk of deafness, they did not routinely investigate hearing. All respondents believed that it is a doctor's responsibility to be concerned about child communication.
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Porras Segovia, A., M. Guerrero Jimenez, C. Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro, and J. Cervilla Ballesteros. "Comorbidity between delusional disorder and sensory deficits. Results from the deliranda case register." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.249.
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IntroductionSensory deficits such as blindness and deafness are very common forms of disability, affecting over 300 million people worldwide according to World Health Organization estimates. These conditions can lead to misinterpretations of the environment, which may contribute to the development of a delusional disorder in predisposed people.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to establish the prevalence of blindness and hearing loss across delusional disorder.AimsThe aim is to provide useful information regarding this frequent, often disregarded, comorbidity.MethodsOur results proceed from the Andalusian delusional disorder case-register (DelirAnda). We reviewed 1927 clinical histories of patients diagnosed of delusional disorder. Upon having verified the diagnosis following DSM-V criteria, we recollected data on the prevalence of blindness and hearing loss, which were defined based on clinical diagnosis.ResultsOne thousand four hundred and fifty-two patients matched DSM-5 delusional disorder criteria. Among them, 49.8% of our sample were women. The overall prevalence of sensory deficits was 7.4%, 3.5% of the patients with delusional disorder were blind, while 3.9% of them suffered from hearing loss.ConclusionsOur results are consistent with previous studies, such as the Deliremp study, which found a 5.7% prevalence of sensory deficit among delusional disorder patients. These results show a higher prevalence of sensory deficit among delusional disorder patients compared with the general population. However, causality could not be established. Further study should be undertaken regarding the relationship between these two conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Chibisova, S. S., G. S. Tufatulin, L. S. Namazova-Baranova, I. V. Koroleva, E. R. Tsygankova, T. G. Markova, N. N. Volodin, and G. A. Tavartkiladze. "Recommendations for All-Round Newborns and Infants Hearing Screening in Russian Federation." Pediatric pharmacology 18, no. 2 (June 13, 2021): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/pf.v18i2.2249.
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Background. Nowadays there is a need to revise the Russian list of risk factors of hearing loss and deafness based on their study according to the evidence-based medicine and the analysis of the audiology service capabilities. Moreover, audiologic screening system for newborns and infants should be revised in every region to identify the reasons of mismatch with international standards and to find ways of its efficacy improvement. Objective. The aim of the study is to increase the efficacy of Russian program of all-round newborns and infants hearing screening. Methods. This study consisted of two parts. 1) The first stage of audiological screening audit on the example of 78 medical institutions in Saint-Petersburg. The availability and correct function of hearing research equipment, specialists’ qualifications, study technique and conditions, documents and results transmitting accuracy were estimated. 2) Updating the list of risk factors of hearing loss. The prevalence rate of these factors in Russian population according to the literature and official statistics was studied. Evaluation of predictive significance of risk factors was based on retrospective data in the cohort of 393 children born in 2012 (280 with hearing loss, 113 healthy) examined in National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation at the age of 0–4 years. Results. The first stage of audiological screening audit has shown that only 14% of included institutions fully meet the criteria of its effective implementation. The following problems were revealed: purchase and renewal of equipment, its timely adjustment, ensuring the continuity of screening stages, specialists training, compliance with methodology and study conditions, results documentation. We were able to increase by 8.5% (close to targeted indicator) the coverage of newborns with first stage of audiological screening as well as to increase the rate of children at the diagnostic stage from 33% to 51%, due to the results of this audit and methodological assistance to the institutions. According to the analysis of prognostic significance and prevalence of risk factors of hearing loss and deafness in Russian population of newborns, it is necessary to perform full hearing examination regardless of the results of newborns and infants hearing screening with the following risk factors: 1) cases of persistent child hearing loss in the family; 2) syndromes associated with hearing loss; 3) auricle, ear canal and dentofacial anomalies; 4) congenital infection (cytomegalovirus, rubella, syphilis, toxoplasmosis); 5) stay in newborns intensive care unit for more than 2 days; 6) prematurity of 32 weeks or less; birth weight less than 1500 g; 7) hyperbilirubinemia in perinatal period (exchange blood transfusion; total bilirubin level when exchange blood transfusion is needed); 8) usage of ototoxic drugs; 9) severe perinatal damage to the central nervous system, neurodegenerative diseases; 10) ambiguous reaction to sounds, developmental delay. Conclusion. Maintenance of all-round newborns hearing screening algorithm will allow us to avoid the diagnosis delay, to start the rehabilitation earlier and further to significantly increase the efficacy of modern high-tech methods for correcting hearing disorders in children. We have to check the presence of risk factors of hearing loss and deafness in every child. Timely referral of children with risk factors for the second stage of audiological screening, diagnosis and correction of hearing disorders creates conditions for normal child oral-aural development.
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Prabhu, Prashanth, and Pratyasha Jamuar. "Evaluation of Dizziness Handicap in Adolescents and Adults with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 22, no. 01 (April 27, 2017): 014–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1602693.
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Introduction Vestibular symptoms and damage to the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve is reported in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). However, the real life handicap caused by these vestibular problems in individuals with ANSD is not studied. Objective The present study attempted to evaluate the dizziness-related handicap in adolescents and adults with ANSD. Method The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) was administered to 40 adolescents and adults diagnosed with ANSD. The study also attempted to determine if there is any gender effect on DHI scores and its correlation to the reported onset of hearing loss. Results The results of the study showed that adolescents and adults with ANSD had a moderate degree of dizziness-related handicap. The dizziness affected their quality of life, causing emotional problems. There was no gender effect, and the level of the handicap was greater in the cases in which the onset of the hearing loss was reported soon after the diagnosis of ANSD. There could be a vestibular compensation that could have resulted in a reduction in symptoms in individuals in whom the onset of the hearing loss was reported later on. Conclusion Thus, a detailed assessment of vestibular problems and their impact on quality of life is essential in adolescents and adults with ANSD. Appropriate management strategies should be considered to resolve their vestibular problems and improve their quality of life.
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Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone, Jéssica Spricigo Malisky, Michéli Rodrigues da Rosa, Adriana Bender Moreira de Lacerda, Patrícia de Souza Alcaraz, and Vinicius Ribas Fonseca. "The Importance of Otoneurological Evaluation in Brazilian Workers Exposed to Pesticides: A Preliminary Study." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 23, no. 04 (May 28, 2019): e389-e395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1684009.
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Introduction Agrochemicals, also known as pesticides, are widely used in agriculture and in public health. They are organic and inorganic chemical substances with a high level of toxicity not only for the environment, but also for human health. Objective To verify findings on labyrinthine assessment in endemic disease control agents, and to recommend the inclusion of the vestibular exam in the set of tests for pesticide-exposed populations. Methods Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study with a sample comprising 15 endemic disease control agents, males, mean age of 51.6 years old (standard deviation [SD] = 5.9). All of the participants were submitted to anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological screening, and vestibular assessment. Results Regarding the most reported complaints, dizziness (73.4%), headache (60%), and tingling in the extremities (53.4%) were observed. The findings of the vestibular exams were normal in 53.3%, while 46.7% showed peripheral vestibular disorder, of which 26.7% were of deficitary type, and 20% of the irritative type. Conclusions: Alteration in the vestibular system was verified in 50% of the workers, with a greater prevalence in the caloric testing. Several disorders related to pesticides intoxication are scientifically known. Actions promoting knowledge and qualification of this population for the proper handling of chemicals are suggested, in addition to the elaboration and inclusion of protocols of vestibular assessment in hearing health programs for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vestibular disorders.
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Ward, Matthew, Michelle Skelley-Ashford, Karen Brown, John Ashford, and Debra Suiter. "Validation of the Yale Swallow Protocol in Post-Acute Care: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Multirater Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 4 (November 12, 2020): 1937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00147.
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Purpose A systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of swallowing disorders relies heavily on valid and reliable screening protocols that provide clinicians with clear and objective information. The Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP) has been shown to be a useful, valid, and reliable screening tool for aspiration risk in the acute care setting. However, the YSP was not validated for use in post-acute care. This study evaluated the clinical utility of the YSP in the post-acute care setting. Method This prospective, double-blind, multirater study included a referred sample of 240 individuals, with varying medical diagnoses, who completed the YSP and an endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Results Sensitivity for the YSP was 95.4%, specificity was 66.9%, positive predictive value was 77.6%, and negative predictive value was 92.4%. Conclusions The data from this prospective study appear to support the use of the YSP in post-acute care due to the ability to use the protocol on virtually all patients—regardless of diagnosis—and its high sensitivity and negative predictive value.
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Flis, P. S., N. V. Raschenko, A. O. Melnyk, V. V. Filonenko, and A. B. Lopoha. "ALGORITHM OF PATIENT’S TREATMENT WITH THE PRESENCE ANOMALIES OF BITE AND SPEECH DISORDERS." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2018.11.
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Relevance of research. Under complex correction of speech disorders in existing orthodontic pathology, it is important to establish the causative factor, because incorrect tongue articulation, infantile type of swallowing and other bad habits can be the cause of dental and maxillary pathologies and, at the same time, speech disorders.
The cause-and-effect relationship between dentoalveolar and speech disorders has been proved. Anomalies and deformations of the dentoalveolar apparatus prevent the sounds from being pronounced normally, contribute to strengthening the habits of improper articulation and complicate logopedic correction. The problem of logopedic correction of sound pronunciation should be addressed comprehensively in collaboration with an orthodontist.
The purpose of the research. To treat patients with anomalies of bite and speech disorders according to the proposed algorithm.
Materials and methods. To achieve study objectives, 82 patients with severe orthodontic pathology and speech disorders, with normal hearing and intellect, were accepted for treatment. Clinical examination according to the generally accepted scheme, extraoral and intraoral photographs, anthropometry, myography, cephalometry, and logopedic diagnostics of all aspects of speech were conducted. After establishing the diagnosis, determining the treatment plan, orthodontic treatment was performed simultaneously with speech therapy correction.
Results and discussion. The first step in the algorithm of successful treatment (correction) of speech disorders and dentoalveolar anomalies was the explanation of its necessity.
The second stage of the algorithm was a clinical examination, which included medical history taking and objective methods of examination. The speech therapy part of the algorithm provided for speech therapy diagnosis of all aspects of speech: sound pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, phonetics.
Additional methods of examination were performed for the preparation of the plan, the choice of method and tactics of treatment: extraoral and intraoral photographs, anthropometry, myography, cephalometry, which is an integral part of the second stage of the treatment algorithm for patients with abnormalities and deformations of the dentoalveolar device in conjunction with correction of speech disorders.
The third stage of the algorithm was direct orthodontic treatment and speech correction.
The retention period is the final stage of the algorithm for treating patients with abnormalities and deformations of the dental apparatus in combination with the correction of speech disorders.
Conclusion. The algorithm for treating patients with anomalies of bite and speech disorders consists of the following blocks: motivation, detailed diagnosis, treatment planning and tactics, the active period of orthodontic treatment simultaneously with speech correction and patient management in the retention period.
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Jani, Niranjan N., Robert Laureno, Alexander S. Mark, and Carmen C. Brewer. "Deafness after Bilateral Midbrain Contusion: A Correlation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Auditory Brain Stem Evoked Responses." Neurosurgery 29, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199107000-00018.
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Abstract A 46-year-old woman became deaf after a closed head injury. When a computed tomographic scan failed to disclose the cause, conversion disorder was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging, however, showed bilateral contusions of the inferior colliculi, providing objective evidence for an organic cause of hearing loss. Auditory brain stem evoked responses and stapedial reflexes also provided objective evidence of brain stem injury. This case illustrates the phenomenon of dorsal midbrain injury after head trauma. It indicates the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging for small focal lesions after head trauma, and it demonstrates some difficulties in the diagnosis of “hysterical” deafness. (Neurosurgery 29:106-109, 1991)
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Porter, Karmen L., Janna B. Oetting, and Loretta Pecchioni. "Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 4 (November 12, 2020): 2049–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00049.
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Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.
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Plyler, Erin, and Ashley W. Harkrider. "Serial Auditory-Evoked Potentials in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of a Child with Landau-Kleffner Syndrome." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, no. 07 (July 2013): 564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.7.5.
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Background: A boy, aged 2 1/2 yr, experienced sudden deterioration of speech and language abilities. He saw multiple medical professionals across 2 yr. By almost 5 yr, his vocabulary diminished from 50 words to 4, and he was referred to our speech and hearing center. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to heighten awareness of Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) and emphasize the importance of an objective test battery that includes serial auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) to audiologists who often are on the front lines of diagnosis and treatment delivery when faced with a child experiencing unexplained loss of the use of speech and language. Research Design: Clinical report. Results: Interview revealed a family history of seizure disorder. Normal social behaviors were observed. Acoustic reflexes and otoacoustic emissions were consistent with normal peripheral auditory function. The child could not complete behavioral audiometric testing or auditory processing tests, so serial AEPs were used to examine central nervous system function. Normal auditory brainstem responses, a replicable Na and absent Pa of the middle latency responses, and abnormal slow cortical potentials suggested dysfunction of auditory processing at the cortical level. The child was referred to a neurologist, who confirmed LKS. At age 7 1/2 yr, after 2 1/2 yr of antiepileptic medications, electroencephalographic (EEG) and audiometric measures normalized. Presently, the child communicates manually with limited use of oral information. Conclusions: Audiologists often are one of the first professionals to assess children with loss of speech and language of unknown origin. Objective, noninvasive, serial AEPs are a simple and valuable addition to the central audiometric test battery when evaluating a child with speech and language regression. The inclusion of these tests will markedly increase the chance for early and accurate referral, diagnosis, and monitoring of a child with LKS which is imperative for a positive prognosis.
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Alshehri, Khalid A., Omar M. Saggaf, Hussein M. Alshamrani, Abdulrahman Mutlaq Alnefaie, and Khalid B. Alghamdi. "Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Among the Public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study." Interactive Journal of Medical Research 9, no. 4 (November 19, 2020): e14640. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14640.
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Background Obstruction of the Eustachian tube is a common condition that is unpleasant and might lead to various middle ear disorders. Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) among the public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jeddah during August 2018 by distributing an electronic survey form to participants from different districts of the city. All male and female residents of Jeddah aged 10 years and above had the chance to participate in this study. Results A total of 2372 participants (female, 1535/2372, 64.71%; male, 837/2372, 35.28%; mean age 31.31 years, SD 11.85 years) agreed to contribute to our study. Upon analysis of their answers to the questionnaire, the overall prevalence of ETD in our sample was found to be 42.49% (1008/2372). The prevalence was higher among participants who reported a previous diagnosis of ETD and hearing loss (1897/2372, 80.00% and 1902/2372, 80.21%, respectively). Additionally, participants with a family history of hearing loss had a significantly higher prevalence (1136/2372, 47.92%) of ETD than those with no family history of hearing loss. Our analysis also showed that females were at a greater risk of developing ETD than males (P=.01). Conclusions As per our prevalence data, ETD is a common disease in Jeddah, pointing to the need for more attention, awareness, and research.
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Moore, David R., Stephanie L. Sieswerda, Maureen M. Grainger, Alexandra Bowling, Nicholette Smith, Audrey Perdew, Susan Eichert, et al. "Referral and Diagnosis of Developmental Auditory Processing Disorder in a Large, United States Hospital-Based Audiology Service." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 29, no. 05 (May 2018): 364–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16130.
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AbstractChildren referred to audiology services with otherwise unexplained academic, listening, attention, language, or other difficulties are often found to be audiometrically normal. Some of these children receive further evaluation for auditory processing disorder (APD), a controversial construct that assumes neural processing problems within the central auditory nervous system. This study focuses on the evaluation of APD and how it relates to diagnosis in one large pediatric audiology facility.To analyze electronic records of children receiving a central auditory processing evaluation (CAPE) at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, with a broad goal of understanding current practice in APD diagnosis and the test information which impacts that practice.A descriptive, cross-sectional analysis of APD test outcomes in relation to final audiologist diagnosis for 1,113 children aged 5–19 yr receiving a CAPE between 2009 and 2014.Children had a generally high level of performance on the tests used, resulting in marked ceiling effects on about half the tests. Audiologists developed the diagnostic category “Weakness” because of the large number of referred children who clearly had problems, but who did not fulfill the AAA/ASHA criteria for diagnosis of a “Disorder.” A “right-ear advantage” was found in all tests for which each ear was tested, irrespective of whether the tests were delivered monaurally or dichotically. However, neither the side nor size of the ear advantage predicted the ultimate diagnosis well. Cooccurrence of CAPE with other learning problems was nearly universal, but neither the number nor the pattern of cooccurring problems was a predictor of APD diagnosis. The diagnostic patterns of individual audiologists were quite consistent. The number of annual assessments decreased dramatically during the study period.A simple diagnosis of APD based on current guidelines is neither realistic, given the current tests used, nor appropriate, as judged by the audiologists providing the service. Methods used to test for APD must recognize that any form of hearing assessment probes both sensory and cognitive processing. Testing must embrace modern methods, including digital test delivery, adaptive testing, referral to normative data, appropriate testing for young children, validated screening questionnaires, and relevant objective (physiological) methods, as appropriate. Audiologists need to collaborate with other specialists to understand more fully the behaviors displayed by children presenting with listening difficulties. To achieve progress, it is essential for clinicians and researchers to work together. As new understanding and methods become available, it will be necessary to sort out together what works and what doesn’t work in the clinic, both from a theoretical and a practical perspective.
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Myers, Katherine, and Nannette Nicholson. "Cochlear Implant Behavioral Outcomes for Children With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: A Mini-Systematic Review." American Journal of Audiology 30, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 777–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_aja-20-00175.
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Objective The aim of this mini-systematic review was to evaluate the evidence reporting speech, language, and auditory behavioral outcome measures for children with a diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) who received cochlear implants (CIs) prior to 3 years of age. Method A mini-systematic review of the literature supporting evidence-based practices was performed. Two databases were searched utilizing a search strategy derived from the PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) framework. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2009 and 2019 evaluating children with a diagnosis of ANSD who were implanted prior to 3 years of age with a range of speech, language, and auditory behavioral outcomes were included. Four articles meeting inclusion criteria were critically appraised for reputable research design and risks of bias. Each of the four studies was assigned a level of evidence for effectiveness and quality assessment rating. Results Evidence supports cochlear implantation as an appropriate intervention for children with ANSD. Improvements in outcome performance were observed in all the included studies. Children with ANSD fit with CIs can achieve outcomes similar to children with sensorineural hearing loss and CIs, despite the heterogeneity of ANSD. Conclusion These findings have implications for clinical practice and for future research with current CI technology for facilitating parent education, counseling, and realistic expectations for children with ANSD and CIs.
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Simon, François, Françoise Denoyelle, and Mathieu Beraneck. "Interpreting pendred syndrome as a foetal hydrops: Clinical and animal model evidence." Journal of Vestibular Research 31, no. 4 (July 28, 2021): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-200789.
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BACKGROUND: Menière disease (MD) and SLC26A4 related deafness (Pendred syndrome (PS) or DFNB4) are two different inner ear disorders which present with fluctuating and progressive hearing loss, which could be a direct consequence of endolymphatic hydrops. OBJECTIVE: To present similarities between both pathologies and explore how the concept of hydrops may be applied to PS/DFNB4. METHODS: Review of the literature on MD, PS/DFNB4 and mouse model of PS/DFNB4. RESULTS: MD and PS/DFNB4 share a number of similarities such as fluctuating and progressive hearing loss, acute episodes with vertigo and tinnitus, MRI and histological evidence of endolymphatic hydrops (although with different underlying mechanisms). MD is usually diagnosed during the fourth decade of life whereas PS/DFNB4 is congenital. The PS/DFNB4 mouse models have shown that biallelic slc26a4 mutations lead to Na+ and water retention in the endolymph during the perinatal period, which in turn induces degeneration of the stria vascularis and hearing loss. Crossing clinical/imagery characteristics and animal models, evidence seems to support the hypothesis of PS being a foetal hydrops. CONCLUSIONS: When understanding PS/DFNB4 as a developmental hydrops, treatments used in MD could be repositioned to PS.
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Wysocki, Jarosław. "Neurootological manifestations of Lyme borreliosis." Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 9, no. 4 (November 3, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4638.
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Introduction: The incidence of tick-borne diseases in Poland and Europe is increasing which is considered to be due to climate warming which promotes the growth of tick populations. Lyme borreliosis is the most prevalent leptospirosis in the US and Europe. Due to the potential for serious complications and the lack of specific prevention, diagnostic vigilance is essential so as to ensure early diagnosis and implementation of treatment. The main pathogen-transmitting vector is the tick species Ixodex ricinus. The suborder of ticks (Ixodida) belongs to the Acari subclass of arachnids. The natural reservoir of B. burgdorferi consists of small and medium-sized mammals and birds. Around ¾ of patients with Lyme disease report complaints and present disease symptoms within in the head and neck. The symptoms are diverse and may occur at all stages of the disease. These include headaches, neck pain and stiffness, sore throat, dizziness, cervical lymphadenopathy, otalgia, tinnitus, sudden hearing loss, and facial muscle paresis. Despite numerous papers being published on neurological manifestations of Lyme disease, the issues regarding the location of damage within the course of the auditory pathway and the balance system remain unanswered. In some cases hearing disorders may be due to central damage while others may be due to peripheral damage. Objective: The article provides an overview of reports on the clinical course and manifestation of Lyme borreliosis.
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Zhou, Chenguang, Haixia Fan, Hao Chen, Haoyue Wang, Zuopeng Li, Ning Xu, Ruonan Sun, Yinghui Zhu, and Yuanhong He. "Evaluation of Clinical Features and Stroke Etiology in Patients with Bilateral Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Infarction." European Neurology 83, no. 3 (2020): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000508835.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize clinical features, etiologies, and mechanisms of strokes due to bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle infarction (BMCPI). Methods: Cases diagnosed as BMCPI in our hospital were retrieved, and a literature review was performed. Data on clinical features and brain MRI were obtained. Extracranial and intracranial segments of the vertebrobasilar artery were assessed by using digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, or computed tomography angiography. Results: Thirteen cases (11 men and 2 women) of BMCPI were identified. A high-intensity signal of diffusion-weighted imaging sequence involving the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle was observed in all patients. Most patients experienced vertigo, dysarthria, ataxia, and hearing disorders. Eleven of these cases were classified as large artery atherosclerosis, one as traumatic vertebral artery (VA) dissection, and one as giant cell arteritis. Conclusion: BMCPI is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by vertigo, ataxia, and dysarthria, which may also be accompanied by a hearing deficit or clinical signs of brainstem damage. BMCPI may be associated with hypoperfusion secondary to occlusive disease of the bilateral VA or proximal basilar artery.
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Jahan, Sultana. "83 Catatonia in a 17-year-old Male Patient with Bipolar Disorder, a Case Study." CNS Spectrums 24, no. 1 (February 2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919000622.
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AbstractStudy Objective(s)Catatonia is not only present in adults; children & adolescents can suffer from catatonia but are often misdiagnosed. A study by Ghaziuddin, Dhossche and Marcotte (2012) found that 18 of the 101 child and adolescent patients had symptoms of catatonia, but only 2 actually had been given a diagnosis by their providers.Method17-year-old male who was recently discharged from the inpatient psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder. His discharge medication was bupropion XL 150mg daily. Within 10 days of his discharge, he was back to the emergency room with worsening anxiety and manic symptoms. At the emergency room, patient’s sister reported that he was acting differently within the last 3–4 days, and making statements that he can save the world that everyone was talking about him. He was also speaking faster than usual, having decreased need for sleep. He reported hearing voices, seeing things. Patient was admitted again, and was given diagnosis of Bipolar Mood Disorder, type I, manic phase, with psychosis. He was started on divalproex 500mg bid for mood stabilization. His Bupropion was discontinued. Gradually his Divalproex was increased to 750mg bid. During his hospital stay he developed lack of spontaneous speech, sluggish responses to questions with automatic answers such as “I don’t know”. He also developed very sluggish motor movements. There was negativism. He needed one on one support for his daily activities of living, needed step by step instructions for all ADLs.All the test results were negative including EEG, MRI and CT scan of the brain. Bush Francis catatonia rating scale was done and he scored 15. Lorazepam Challenge Test was performed, and the scale was repeated after the patient was given an IM dose of 2mg of Lorazepam, and he scored 2. At this point catatonia diagnosis was confirmed. He was started on scheduled doses of Lorazepam, gradually his Lorazepam dose was increased up to 9mg per day. His catatonia responded to Lorazepam treatment.Results17 year old male who initially hospitalized for symptoms of MDD and discharged with antidepressant, came back to the ER within 10 day with symptoms of mania with psychosis. During in-patient’s 2nd in-patient stay he developed catatonia, which was promptly diagnosed and appropriately treated with Lorazepam.ConclusionsCatatonia can happen in children & adolescents with mood disorders, or with other psychiatric or medical conditions. Timely diagnosis and treatment is very crucial to avoid poor outcome, especially because treatment options for catatonia are well understood; Benzodiazepines, electroconvulsive therapy and reduction or discontinuation of antipsychotics are successful in the treatment of catatonia (Ghaziuddin, Dhossche and Marcotte, 2012).
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Shidlovskaya, Tetiana A., and Nadiya Ya Navalkivska. "Distortion product otoacoustic emissions among the patients suffering diabetes mellitus type II with hearing impairment." OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, no. 4-5(2) 2019 (March 12, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2019-4-47.
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Topicality: Objective research methods of the auditory analyzer are of great importance in diagnosis sensorineural disorders of auditory function, treatment of such diseases and solving a number of expert questions. While diagnosis the damage of auditory system, especially the receptor part of the auditory analyzer the method of the caused OAE on the frequency distortion product (DPOAE) plays a significant role. Quite often at sensorineural hearing loss of different genesis is observed an affection of cochlea structures of the inner ear. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most acute medical and social problems. According to the latest data, there are 463 million adults with diabetes mellitus in the world; accounting for 9.3% of the world's total population, meaning that 1 among 11 people suffers from diabetes (IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th edition, 2019). Among patients with diabetes, according to various authors, there are disorders in the auditory analyzer. Purpose: to determine changes in the condition of the receptor part of auditory analyzer according to the OAE registration of the frequency of distortion products among patients with diabetes mellitus type II with impaired auditory function. Materials and methods: 17 patients with diabetes mellitus type II were examined, who, according to subjective audiometry, revealed impairments of auditory function of the I-II degree. The control group consisted of 15 healthy normal-hearing persons who did not report hearing impairment, had no elevated blood sugar levels. 32 persons were examined in total. The registration of the caused OAE at frequency of distortion product (DPOAE) was conducted on the analyzing system "Eclipse" "Interacoustics" (Denmark) at frequencies 1-6 kHz. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out according to the conventional methods of mathematical variation statistics using the STATISTICA software package. The average value of indicators was calculated - magnitude (M) and its error (+- m). The probability of changes and differences between the comparative values was estimated by the criterion for the reliability of the difference (t) according to the Student's table. Results and discussion: We have selected for the analysis patients with diabetes mellitus type II, who according to subjective audiometry revealed impaired auditory function. Patients also reported otologic complaints of hearing loss, periodic or persistent subjective ear noise. As a result of the OAE researches at frequency distortion products, the following data were obtained. A full adequate response of the otoacoustic emission across all frequency spectrums was reported in only 3 patients (9.4% of cases) on the one hand. The majority of the observed patients in whom the OAE was registered received a partially positive test (68.7%). In 7 patients (21.8%) the OAE response was not registered. The absence of OAE response or a partially positive registration in 90.6% of the observed patients indicated violation function of the cochlea in such patients. The DPOAE (response intensity) emission amplitude at all tested frequencies (1-6 kHz) in patients with diabetes mellitus type II was significantly (P<0.01) lower than the norm at all frequencies. Particularly pronounced such a decrease is in the area of 4 kHz, where the amplitude of the OAE response was 5.9±0.2 dB at a norm of 9.4±0.5 dB. Therefore, in patients with diabetes mellitus type II with hearing impairment, there are changes in the receptor part of the auditory analyzer, which is confirmed by the data of objective examination methods. The changes we have identified in the OAE indicators may express the affection of the receptor structures of the auditory analyzer among patients with diabetes mellitus type II with impaired auditory function. The information obtained on the OAE indicators provides the detection of early violations and the objective ascertainment of changes in the receptor part of the hearing analyzer in diabetes mellitus type II. Conclusions: 1. OAE data on the frequency of distortion products in patients with diabetes mellitus type II objectively confirm the presence of violations in the auditory receptor. 2. In patients with diabetes mellitus type II, the OAE amplitude at the frequency of distortion products is significantly lower than normal at all tested frequencies (1-6 kHz). Particularly pronounced such a decrease is in the area of 4 kHz, where the amplitude of the OAE response was 5.9±0.2 dB at a norm of 9.4±0.5 dB. 3. The conducted researches prove the expediency of examination by the method of registration of OAE of patients with diabetes mellitus type II, since it promotes the early detection of violation in the receptor structures of the auditory analyzer in such patients. 4. The use of the method of recording otoacoustic emissions in the examination of patients with type II diabetes is important for the objectification of early signs of sensorineural hearing impairment in this contingent.
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Essawy, Wessam Mostafa. "Event related potentials in cases of amblyaudia." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20201293.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Amblyaudia is a weakness in the listener’s binaural processing of auditory information. Subjects with amblyaudia also demonstrate binaural integration deficits and may display similar patterns in their evoked responses in terms of latency and amplitude of these responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of amblyaudia in a population of young children subjects and to measure mismatch negativity (MMN), P300 and cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for those individuals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Subjects included in this study were divided into 2 groups control group that consisted of 20 normal hearing subjects with normal developmental milestones and normal speech development. The study group (GII) consisted of 50 subjects with central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) diagnosed by central auditory screening tests. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> With using dichotic tests including dichotic digits test (DDT) and competing sentence test (CST), we could classify these cases into normal, dichotic dysaudia, amblyaudia, and amblyaudia plus with percentages (40%, 14%, 38%, 8% respectively). Using event related potentials, we found that P300 and MMN are more specific in detecting neurocognitive dysfunction related to allocation of attentional resources and immediate memory in these cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The presence of amblyaudia in cases of central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) and event related potentials is an objective tool for diagnosis, prognosis and follow up after rehabilitation.</p>
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Wahba, Brandon Malik, and Judith Lieu. "4077 Listening with the HEAR-QL: Quality of Life in Children with Hearing Loss." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.410.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This study evaluates the utility of self-reported quality of life measure in children with hearing loss. We will compare self-reported HEAR-QL scores with parent-reported HEAR-QL scores. We will then test the relationship between HEAR-QL scores and scores on a standardized assessment of cognition, the NIH Cognition Battery. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We will administer the HEAR-QL questionnaire to children with hearing loss and their parents. We will then administer the NIH Cognition Battery to the child. We will include in our population children ages 7 to 14 with hearing loss of any severity or side. We will exclude those with intellectual disability, disorders of speech or language, or those who would be unable to complete the questionnaires for any reason. Children will be recruited from Otolaryngology clinics at St. Louis Children’s Hospital based on ICD diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss between 01/2015 – 03/2020. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We will aim to recruit 44 patients in total, which is the sample size needed to detect a moderate correlation (r = 0.4) with a 1-sided α = 0.05 and 1-β = 0.8. HEAR-QL scores and NIH Cognition Battery scores will be reported using descriptive statistics. Linear regression as well as correlation analysis between HEAR-QL scores and cognitive testing scores will be performed using a 1-sided α = 0.05, with 1-β = 0.8. If recruitment is sufficient, we will adjust for demographics that are significantly correlated with the outcome on multivariate analysis. Finally, we will test for agreement between parent report and child report by calculating a Kappa statistic. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: There is little clarity on the necessity of amplification in children with hearing loss, yet the child’s perspective is not routinely assessed in clinical practice. This study employs self-report in a pediatric population with hearing loss to find out if children provide new and reliable information.
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Freriks, Kim, Janneke Timmermans, Catharina C. M. Beerendonk, Chris M. Verhaak, Romana T. Netea-Maier, Barto J. Otten, Didi D. M. Braat, et al. "Standardized Multidisciplinary Evaluation Yields Significant Previously Undiagnosed Morbidity in Adult Women with Turner Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 96, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): E1517—E1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-0346.
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Abstract Context: Besides short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with various abnormalities. Adults with TS have a reduced life expectancy, mainly related to structural abnormalities of the heart and aorta, and an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the yield of an initial standardized multidisciplinary screening in adult TS patients. Design and Setting: This was an observational study at a multidisciplinary care unit for adult women with TS. Participants: Participants were adult women with TS (n = 150). Mean age was 31.0 ± 10.4 yr, with 47% karyotype 45,X. Interventions: All women were consulted by an endocrinologist, a gynecologist, a cardiologist, an otorhinolaryngologist, and when indicated, a psychologist. The screening included magnetic resonance imaging of the heart and aorta, echocardiography, electrocardiogram, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, renal ultrasound, audiogram, and laboratory investigations according to international expert recommendations. Main outcome measures: New diagnoses and prevalence of TS-associated morbidity were evaluated. Results: Thirty percent of patients currently lacked medical follow-up, and 15% lacked estrogen replacement therapy in the recent last years. The following disorders were newly diagnosed: bicuspid aortic valve (n = 13), coarctation of the aorta (n = 9), elongation of the transverse aortic arch (n = 27), dilation of the aorta (n = 34), osteoporosis (n = 8), osteopenia (n = 56), renal abnormalities (n = 7), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 33), celiac disease (n = 3), glucose intolerance (n = 12), dyslipidemia (n = 52), hypertension (n = 39), and hearing loss warranting a hearing aid (n = 8). Psychological consultation was needed in 23 cases. Conclusions: Standardized multidisciplinary evaluation of adult women with TS as advocated by expert opinion is effective and identifies significant morbidity. Girls with TS benefit from a careful transition to ongoing adult medical care.
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Molini-Avejonas, Daniela Regina, Stephanie Falarara Estevam, and Maria Inês Vieira Couto. "Organization of the referral and counter-referral system in a speech-language pathology and audiology clinic-school." CoDAS 27, no. 3 (June 2015): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20152014158.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of the referral and counter-referral flow in a speech-language pathology and audiology clinic-school and to characterize the patients' profiles. METHODS: Evaluation, retrospective, and prospective study, in which 503 patient records, without age restriction, were selected from a clinic-school and the following variables were analyzed: demographic information, speech and hearing diagnosis, and references. Patients were distributed into two groups according to the referrals made: internal (G1, n=341) and external (G2, n=162) to the clinic-school. RESULTS: A prevalence of male subjects under 12 years of age and with diagnosis of language disorders (primary and secondary) was found. It was observed that 83% patients in G1 were recalled for evaluation and speech therapy after an average of 7 months of waiting; and from the patients in G2 that were contacted (n=101), 13.9% were summoned and are satisfied with the place indicated for therapy after an average of 4 months of waiting. From those who did not receive care, 46% sought another service, and of these, 72.5% were successful. CONCLUSION: The data show the effectiveness and appropriateness of referrals made internally, suggesting that, when the team works together, the network operates more adequately. However, in relation to external referrals, they did not reach the proposed goals, indicating a lack of speech-language pathologists in public services and the low interest of patients in looking for other places of care.