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Journal articles on the topic 'Object Use'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Wu, Chuxiong, Xiaopeng Li, Fei Zuo, Lannan Luo, Xiaojiang Du, Jia Di, and Qiang Zeng. "Use It-No Need to Shake It!" Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, no. 3 (September 6, 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3550322.

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Implicit authentication for traditional objects, such as doors and dumbbells, has rich applications but is rarely studied. An ongoing trend is that traditional objects are retrofitted to smart environments; for instance, a contact sensor is attached to a door to detect door opening (but cannot tell "who is opening the door"). We present the first accurate implicit-authentication system for retrofitted everyday objects, named MoMatch. It makes an authentication decision based on a single natural object use, unlike prior work that requires shaking objects. MoMatch is built on the observation that an object has a motion typically because a human hand moves it; thus, the object's motion and the legitimate user's hand movement should correlate. The main challenge is, given the small amount of data collected during one object use, how to measure the correlation accurately. We convert the correlation measurement problem into an image comparison problem and resolve it using neural networks successfully. MoMatch does not need to profile the user's biometric information and is resilient to mimicry attacks.
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2

Pellegrini, Anthony D. "Object use in childhood: development and possible functions." Behaviour 150, no. 8 (2013): 813–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003086.

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The ways in which children use objects is central to many theories of development, yet we lack systematic descriptions of the various ways in which objects are used across childhood. In this paper, I first describe the different forms of object use (i.e., exploration, construction, play, tool use and tool making) for males and females in childhood, then establish time budgets for each type of object use. Second, I make functional inferences about each form of object use and the social contexts in which each is embedded. I suggest that putative functions of object play, specifically, may be related to children’s discovery of novel uses for objects, as well as peer group centrality in abundant niches. These dynamics produce a connected social network in which object play and group structure might interact to spread novel ideas.
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Hocking, Clare. "Person‐object interaction model: Understanding the use of everyday objects." Journal of Occupational Science 4, no. 1 (April 1997): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14427591.1997.9686418.

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Pulungan, Ali Basrah, and Zhafranul Nafis. "Rancangan Alat Pendeteksi Benda dengan Berdasarkan Warna, Bentuk, dan Ukuran dengan Webcam." JTEIN: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesia 2, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jtein.v2i1.111.

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Along with the times, technology is also developing so rapidly, one of the innovations in technological development is the use of webcams. the use of a webcam can be developed as a sensor in detecting an object through several stages of image processing. The use of a webcam aims to simplify an automation system so that it can be used to perform several tasks at once. Therefore, the author intends to design and manufacture an object detector with measurement parameters of the object's color, shape and size. This tool uses a webcam as a sensing sensor, and uses programming in PYTHON to recognize objects to be detected, and uses a servo motor to drive object actuators. The results of this tool have been tested and are able to detect objects properly based on predetermined color, shape and size. This tool is also able to separate objects that meet specifications from objects that do not meet specifications. Object detection using a webcam and an object separating actuator can work well.
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Morady, Kamelia, and Glyn W. Humphreys. "Real object use facilitates object recognition in semantic agnosia." Neurocase 15, no. 2 (April 7, 2009): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13554790802680321.

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6

Samuel, Lysa, Bill Muirhead, and Julia M. Green-Johnson. "Student use of learning resources to understand antimicrobial actions: use in hybrid vs on-line format (37.6)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2009): 37.6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.37.6.

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Abstract Increased demand for online computer-based instructional resources has led to the need for effective utilization of learning objects in health biology courses. Our aim was to examine how well learning objects assist students in understanding challenging concepts in antimicrobial activity against infectious disease. Our specific focus was on learning object use in an introductory microbiology and immunology course in two different settings: a fully on-line section and a hybrid section, which integrates online materials with face-to-face lectures. To collect information on use of the learning objects, an anonymous survey was given to both sections. Survey participation rates varied, with a 56% rate from the online course, and only 28% from the hybrid course. Survey data analysis indicated many similarities between online and hybrid sections in learning object utilization, including high usage as study material for examinations. Differences were observed in the positive impact learning resources have on students learning difficult concepts, with the online course showing 100% agreement, and the hybrid course only 76% agreement, suggesting differences in learning object utilization for learning challenging new concepts. Qualitative responses provided further indications for effective learning object integration into differentiated instruction formats. Funded by UOIT's Teaching Innovation Fund.
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Xiao, Chengli, Weimin Mou, and Timothy P. McNamara. "Use of self-to-object and object-to-object spatial relations in locomotion." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 35, no. 5 (2009): 1137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0016273.

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8

Pruetz, J. D., and M. A. Bloomsmith. "Comparing Two Manipulable Objects as Enrichment for Captive Chimpanzees." Animal Welfare 1, no. 2 (May 1992): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096272860001486x.

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AbstractThis study compared the effectiveness of kraft wrapping paper and rubber toys as enrichment for 22 chimpanzees group-housed in conventional indoor/outdoor runs. Objects were tested separately during 67 hours of data collection using a group scan sampling technique. Paper was used a mean 27 per cent of the available time, while the Kong Toys™ were used a mean 10 per cent of the available time. The degree of object manipulation and object contact was higher with the paper, but the level of social play and solitary play with the object was not differentially affected by the two objects. The objects had differing effects on the subjects’ levels of grooming, but affiliation, agonism, inactivity and sexual behaviour did not vary according to the object being used. A gender-by-age interaction was found, with immature males exhibiting the highest levels of solitary play with objects. Object use steadily declined over the first hour of exposure, showing evidence of habituation. Object use when the Kong Toy™ was present declined over the course of the study, but use of the paper remained consistent. Texture, destructibility, portability, complexity and adaptability may be important in determining the object's value as effective enrichment. The destructible wrapping paper was a more worthwhile enrichment object than the indestructible Kong Toy™ for the captive chimpanzees in this study.
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9

Giffney, Noreen. "The Use of an Object." Studies in Gender and Sexuality 20, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15240657.2019.1673979.

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Silveri, Maria Caterina, and Nicoletta Ciccarelli. "Semantic memory in object use." Neuropsychologia 47, no. 12 (October 2009): 2634–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.05.013.

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11

Skalka, Christian, and Scott Smith. "Static use-based object confinement." International Journal of Information Security 4, no. 1-2 (February 2005): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10207-004-0049-5.

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Not Available, Not Available. "Use of Digital Object Identifiers." Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta) 99, no. 6 (November 2, 1998): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002140050347.

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13

Singh, Vijay. "Software Professionals use Object Oriented data modeling instead of traditional relational data modeling." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 5, no. 3 (2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.531704.

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The purpose of this paper is to explain why object oriented data modeling is more popular than relational data modeling. A data model is a logic organization of the real world objects (entities), constraints on them, and the relationships among objects. Relational model is very simple since data in represented in the form of relations that are depicted by use of two-dimensional tables. Rows in the table represent records and Columns represent attributes of the entity. The basic concept in the relational model is that of a relation. In object-oriented model main construct is an object. As in relational model, there are relations similarly we have objects in OO data modeling. So first thing in OO model is to identify the objects for the systems. Examining the problem statement can do it. Other important task is to identify the various operations for these objects. It is easy to relate the objects to the real world entity. The object-oriented approach has proved to be especially fruitful in application areas, such as the design of geographical information systems which have a richly structured knowledge domain and are associated with multimedia databases. Relational data modeling is different from Object Oriented data modeling because it focuses solely on data while object oriented data models focuses on both the behavior and data aspects of your domain. OODBMS are faster than relational DBMS because data isn’t stored in relational rows and columns but as objects. Objects have a many to many relationship and are accessed by the use of pointers.
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Khudov, Hennadii, Oleksii Diakonov, Nina Kuchuk, Volodymyr Maliuha, Kostiantyn Furmanov, Ihor Mylashenko, Yurii Olshevskyi, Stanislav Stetsiv, Yuriy Solomonenko, and Iryna Yuzova. "Method for determining coordinates of airborne objects by radars with additional use of ADS-B receivers." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 9(112) (August 31, 2021): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.238407.

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The method of determining coordinates of an airborne object using ADS-B receivers was improved. The method involves the following sequence of actions: input of initial data, measurement of coordinates of the airborne object by the radar, checking the availability of data about the airborne object obtained from the ADS-B receivers. In the absence of such data, coordinates of the airborne object are determined only from the data of the radar. The airborne object mark was identified according to information from the radar and the ADS-B receivers. Unlike the known methods, the advanced method of determining coordinates of an airborne object by a radar additionally uses information from the ADS-B receivers. The ADS-B receiver signals were experimentally studied. It was found that the ADS-B receiver has received more than 6,000 messages about airborne objects in a single day. It was established that information about the location of the airborne object contained in ADS-B messages was encoded in CPR format. An algorithm for decrypting the ADS-B messages with a global connection of an airborne object to geographical coordinates was presented. An algorithm for detecting signals of onboard transponders of ADS-B airborne objects was presented. Non-standard ADS-B messages from airborne objects were studied. It was suggested that some short non-standard ADS-B messages were received from small and military airborne objects. Accuracy of determining coordinates of airborne objects by the radar with additional use of the ADS-B receiver was estimated. Dependence of the root mean square error of determining the airborne object coordinates on a distance to the airborne object was presented for various cases. It was established that the accuracy of determining the airborne object coordinates can be raised from 36 % to 67 % depending on the distance to the airborne object
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Garg, Dr Kamaldeep. "Understanding the Purpose of Object Detection, Models to Detect Objects, Application Use and Benefits." International Journal on Future Revolution in Computer Science & Communication Engineering 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijfrcsce.v8i2.2066.

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Object detection is the latest technology which is used to identify objects and instances of objects in ana image or a video. It is the computer vision technique which is useful in determining the instances of objects in the image and also to identify their locations. The advantage of this technique is that it gives accurate location of the objects and also helps to label them in the image. Object detection contributes a lot in major fields like crowd detection at a particular place, self-driving cars, helps to identify theft by video surveillance etc. Object detection is also used to identify the face recognition, pedestrian recognition which ensures safety on road, also used in image retrieval etc. There are many models which are used in object detection process to simplify the process and gives accurate and efficient results. This paper will discuss the various approaches which are used along with object detection process to enhance the quality of results it will provide.
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16

Xu, Fei, Susan Carey, and Jenny Welch. "Infants' ability to use object kind information for object individuation." Cognition 70, no. 2 (March 1999): 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-0277(99)00007-4.

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17

Putthoff, Amy, and Teresa Wilcox. "Object individuation and event mapping: Infants' use of object speed." Infant Behavior and Development 21 (April 1998): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(98)91846-x.

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Wilcox, Teresa, and Amy Putthoff. "Object individuation and event mapping: Infants' use of object features." Infant Behavior and Development 21 (April 1998): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(98)91972-5.

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19

Okumura, Yuko, Yasuhiro Kanakogi, Takayuki Kanda, Hiroshi Ishiguro, and Shoji Itakura. "Can infants use robot gaze for object learning?" Interaction Studies 14, no. 3 (December 31, 2013): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.14.3.03oku.

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Previous research has shown that although infants follow the gaze direction of robots, robot gaze does not facilitate infants’ learning for objects. The present study examined whether robot gaze affects infants’ object learning when the gaze behavior was accompanied by verbalizations. Twelve-month-old infants were shown videos in which a robot with accompanying verbalizations gazed at an object. The results showed that infants not only followed the robot’s gaze direction but also preferentially attended to the cued object when the ostensive verbal signal was present. Moreover, infants showed enhanced processing of the cued object when ostensive and referential verbal signals were increasingly present. These effects were not observed when mere nonverbal sound stimuli instead of verbalizations were added. Taken together, our findings indicate that robot gaze accompanying verbalizations facilitates infants’ object learning, suggesting that verbalizations are important in the design of robot agents from which infants can learn. Keywords: gaze following; humanoid robot; infant learning; verbalization; cognitive development
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Jacoski, Claudio Alcides, and Lissandro Machado Hoffmeister. "Potential use of BIM for automated updating of building materials values." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 15, no. 1 (January 29, 2018): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2018.v15.n1.a4.

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This study proposes an artifact motivated by improved assertiveness in building design budgets. Building Information Modeling (BIM), with the structure of the parametric objects created in a file format with the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) extension, can provide the data for the object, facilitating the design's control and monitoring process. Through the adoption of the IFC standard in the creation of these objects, the exchange of information between the tools of different software providers becomes viable, allowing interoperability between systems. This is a desired situation in the construction industry, which incurs significant losses due to this problem. An important condition that can significantly contribute to the update of the information of the objects and the budget process is the incorporation of the possibility of updating the value information (price) of the BIM objects that are shared in repositories (object libraries). In this context, this study presents an alternative to updating and retrieving the values of BIM objects based on the IFC standard. An artifact (web environment) was produced linked to a model to meet the proposed objective. This method is presented by computing services, enabling the automated retrieval of the object value between the owners, the price repository and also the designers. The performed tests reveal the practicality of its implementation, with no extensive knowledge of the IFC structure being necessary. It suffices to simply follow the fill out pattern of the custom properties in IFC, defined during the creation of the object. The submission of the construction design to the repository allows for the retrieval of the values and the quantification of objects present in the design. This process is carried out in a simple manner, maintaining the synchrony and traceability of the object with the designer and the owners of the objects making up the architectural and complementary design.
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Космодамианский, Андрей, Andrey Kosmodamianskiy, Дмитрий Антипин, Dmitriy Antipin, Максим Маслов, Maksim Maslov, Дмитрий Шевченко, and Dmitriy Shevchenko. "OBJECT MODEL USE FOR LOCOMOTIVE TRACTION DRIVE DESIGN." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2019, no. 10 (November 7, 2019): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5db95e85cdf5d2.86330308.

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The paper reports the consideration of the problem in choice and use of the locomotive traction drive design procedure giving possibilities both in properties and parts modeling, and in the automated identification of design solutions of latter. The object model of a design solution as a structure including the totality of object descriptions allowing the synthesis of engineering solution models as a multitude of interrelated elements described in the libraries of well-known designs. The method differs from the earlier ones in which the creation of new solutions is stipulated by the definition of a prototype and then by its development in accordance with the tendencies revealed empirically. In the method developed the synthesis of a design object model is based on engineering system classifications. The integrated object model of a traction drive involves two parts: first, the multitude hierarchy of the traction drive description for different methods of an engineering solution schematization, secondly, a library which has descriptions of standard objects in the form of a hierarchal structure of functional interaction between elements (I-graph). The search of similar objects in the library takes place at the level of the definition of drive functional elements with the aid of the matrices of similarity measures. There are given offers for the increase of reliability and loading capacity of a rubber-cord clutch of a locomotive traction drive. There are obtained three patents for utility models and an invention patent on the solutions offered.
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Scotto di Tella, Gianluca, Francesco Ruotolo, Gennaro Ruggiero, Tina Iachini, and Angela Bartolo. "Towards and away from the body: The relevance of the direction of use in the coding of object-related actions." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 7 (February 20, 2021): 1225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021821994711.

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This study examines whether the perception of an object automatically activates the representation of the direction of use of that object. To this aim, we carried out two experiments. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to explicitly categorise objects as used either away from the body (AB, for example, a hammer) or towards the body (TB, for example, a toothbrush). In Experiment 2, participants were asked to judge whether the same objects were natural or manmade. In both experiments, they were asked to respond by moving a joystick backwards (i.e., TB) or frontwards (i.e., AB). Therefore, their response could either be congruent (i.e., backward response with TB objects, frontward response with AB objects) or incongruent (i.e., backward response with AB objects, frontward response with TB objects) with the direction of object use. Results from Experiment 1 showed that in the congruent condition, participants were faster in judging the direction of object use than those in the incongruent condition (congruency effect). Crucially, results from Experiment 2 showed the presence of a congruency effect even when the direction of object use was task-irrelevant. However, this effect was found only for TB objects. These results suggest that the perception of TB objects automatically activates the direction of object use with respect to the body, thus showing evidence of direct connection between perception and action. A specific role of the body might account for different action representation processes involved in TB and AB object-related actions.
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23

Tarasenko, Kh. "Right to use the intellectual property objects in the architecture sphere." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 70 (June 18, 2022): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.70.30.

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The article is dedicated to the analysis of current issues of legal protection of intellectual property objects in the architecture sphere. There were analyzed intellectual property rights to architectural objects. It is established that the subjects of intellectual property in the field of construction are endowed with both personal non-property (moral) rights and property rights of intellectual property. It is proved that the norm of Art.30 of the Law of Ukraine “On Architectural Activity” is the only special norm on intellectual property rights in the field of construction regulating the relationship of property rights to architectural objects as objects of copyright. It has been highlighed that a work of architecture is traditionally considered by the legislator as an object of copyright. It is substantiated that the use of a work of architecture most often occurs through reproduction. It is proved that the construction of a building (structure) is of triple legal nature: firstly, it is a way of project documentation use (as a primary object in relation to the actual building); secondly, it is a procedure through which a new work of architecture (really existing object of architecture or urban planning) is created; third, it is a procedure through which a new object of ownership is raised up. It is substantiated that the author’s right to photo and video recording of an architectural object should be considered as one of the property copyrights, as photo and video recording, in essence, are the ways of a work reproducing. It has been proven that the reproduction of an architectural object can be done by directly copying all the features of appearance, design, planning of an architectural object, and by indirect copying. As an indirect copying of an architectural object should be considered cases when the author reproduces not all, but only part of the creative features of another author’s project, while maintaining the overall style, idea of the object. It is established that the special patent legislation does not provide for the peculiarities of the use of inventions, utility models, and industrial designs in the field of construction. It has been proven that industrial designs often provide legal protection for the design (interior) of premises, forming a certain corporate style, so the reproduction (copying) of such an interior will be treated as a violation of exclusive property rights to industrial designs. It has been proved that the registration of a trademark containing an image protected by copyright can be carried out in the presence of exclusive rights to use the architectural work of the applicant.
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24

Lucariello, Joan. "Concept formation and its relation to word learning and use in the second year." Journal of Child Language 14, no. 2 (June 1987): 309–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900012952.

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ABSTRACTDevelopmental differences in object word learning and use were investigated. Two groups of infant speakers: Beginner (vocabularies under 50 words) and Advanced (vocabularies over 50 words), participated in a concept formation and word learning and generalization experiment. Results indicated that both speaker groups formed concepts of and learned words for the to-be-learned objects, and generalized these words. However, Advanced speakers learned more concepts and words, and engaged in broader generalization than Beginner speakers. The following variables did not account for these developmental differences: child age, object permanence development, maternal speech, child action on objects. These findings can be explained by developmental differences in both the number and kind of object concepts formed in the second year. Words were primarily acquired for object concepts by both speaker groups. However, Beginner speakers formed fewer concepts, thus having a less extensive conceptual base supporting word learning. This may account for their lower levels of vocabulary acquisition. Additionally, Beginner speakers appear to form prototype/exemplar-based object concepts, leading to limited word extension, while Advanced speakers form featurally based object concepts, leading to broader extension.
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Huang, Bo, and Christophe Claramunt. "Spatiotemporal Data Model and Query Language for Tracking Land Use Change." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1902, no. 1 (January 2005): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190200113.

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Management of spatiotemporal information requires a more generic and consolidated data model to facilitate applications such as tracking land use parcel changes. This paper presents such a spatiotemporal data model in the context of object databases by extending the Object Data Management Group (ODMG) standard and examines its feasibility in a land use application. This model extends the ODMG object model with a parameterized type, TimeSeries<T>, which allows the shifting of spatial types into spatiotemporal types to support the representation of a series of states (i.e., the history) of an object. An object query language (OQL), spatiotemporal OQL (STOQL), which adds spatial and temporal dimensions to ODMG's OQL, is also designed. A case study demonstrates that STOQL supports the formulation of various spatiotemporal queries pertaining to historical states of spatial objects as well as spatial changes, including spatial type substitution. The model and query language have been implemented by using an object-oriented language in a geographic information system environment.
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남양우. "The Object of Use - User Construction." Journal of Chinese Language and Literature ll, no. 77 (October 2016): 137–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26586/chls.2016..77.006.

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Bozeat, Sasha, Karalyn Patterson, and John Hodges. "Relearning object use in semantic dementia." Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 14, no. 3 (July 2004): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09602010343000264.

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ADLER, LAWRENCE W., and HIRAM E. ZENGOTITA. "Transitional Object Use and Borderline Personality." American Journal of Psychiatry 144, no. 9 (September 1987): 1250—a—1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.144.9.1250-a.

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GOODWIN, JEAN. "Transitional Object Use and Borderline Personality." American Journal of Psychiatry 144, no. 9 (September 1987): 1250—b—1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.144.9.1250-b.

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Reichle, Joe, and David E. Yoder. "Communication Board Use in Severely Handicapped Learners." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 16, no. 3 (July 1985): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.1603.146.

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Four severely retarded preschool children were taught to label four objects using a manual, direct select communication board. After acquisition, learners failed to generalize to either commenting or requesting using the trained vocabulary. It was hypothesized that learners failed because (a) they had never learned to request using their newly acquired vocabulary or (b) because the production of object labels was only under control of the verbal stimulus "What's this?" A second experiment, designed to test these hypotheses, suggested that teaching a pragmatic discrimination between requesting and object labeling resulted in improved performance for two learners. A procedure to shift stimulus control from a verbal cue ("What's this? ") to the presence of the object improved performance on spontaneous probes for a third learner. The remaining learner failed to acquire the spontaneous use of the acquired vocabulary.
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Dueker, Gwenden, and Amy Needham. "Infants' object category formation and use: Real-world context effects on category use in object processing." Visual Cognition 12, no. 6 (August 2005): 1177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13506280444000706.

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Nägele, Nora, Benjamin von Walter, Philipp Scharfenberger, and Daniel Wentzel. "“Touching” services: tangible objects create an emotional connection to services even before their first use." Business Research 13, no. 2 (May 2, 2020): 741–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40685-020-00114-0.

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Abstract Although research suggests that physical elements of the servicescape play an important role in the service process, there is little research on the impact of tangible objects that companies give to consumers such as membership cards, pens, mugs, or fashion articles. Drawing on research about embodied cognition, this paper investigates how and under which conditions the provision of tangible service objects affects consumers. Three experimental studies were conducted, in which participants received different objects they could either touch or just see. These studies indicate that touching a service object metaphorically translates into a perceived mental connection towards the service. More specifically, physically connecting to a service object leads to a stronger psychological connection to the corresponding service, which, in turn, increases behavioral intentions. The results also demonstrate that providing a tangible object only has an impact when the object is of high aesthetic appeal. These findings suggest that providing tangible service objects is an effective way for service providers to build an emotional connection with potential customers and to strengthen the emotional connections of existing customers.
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Kenyon, Robert V., Daniel Sandin, Randall C. Smith, Richard Pawlicki, and Thomas Defanti. "Size-Constancy in the CAVE." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 16, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.16.2.172.

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The use of virtual environments (VE) for many research and commercial purposes relies on its ability to generate environments that faithfully reproduce the physical world. However, due to its limitations the VE can have a number of flaws that adversely affect its use and believability. One of the more important aspects of this problem is whether the size of an object in the VE is perceived as it would be in the physical world. One of the fundamental phenomena for correct size is size-constancy, that is, an object is perceived to be the same size regardless of its distance from the observer. This is in spite of the fact that the retinal size of the object shrinks with increasing distance from the observer. We examined size-constancy in the CAVE and found that size-constancy is a strong and dominant perception in our subject population when the test object is accompanied by surrounding environmental objects. Furthermore, size-constancy changes to a visual angle performance (i.e., object size changed with distance from the subject) when these surrounding objects are removed from the scene. As previously described for the physical world, our results suggest that it is necessary to provide surrounding objects to aid in the determination of an object's depth and to elicit size-constancy in VE. These results are discussed regarding their implications for viewing objects in projection-based VE and the environments that play a role in the perception of object size in the CAVE.
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KRAFT, DIRK, NICOLAS PUGEAULT, EMRE BAŞESKI, MILA POPOVIĆ, DANICA KRAGIĆ, SINAN KALKAN, FLORENTIN WÖRGÖTTER, and NORBERT KRÜGER. "BIRTH OF THE OBJECT: DETECTION OF OBJECTNESS AND EXTRACTION OF OBJECT SHAPE THROUGH OBJECT–ACTION COMPLEXES." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 05, no. 02 (June 2008): 247–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021984360800139x.

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We describe a process in which the segmentation of objects as well as the extraction of the object shape becomes realized through active exploration of a robot vision system. In the exploration process, two behavioral modules that link robot actions to the visual and haptic perception of objects interact. First, by making use of an object independent grasping mechanism, physical control over potential objects can be gained. Having evaluated the initial grasping mechanism as being successful, a second behavior extracts the object shape by making use of prediction based on the motion induced by the robot. This also leads to the concept of an "object" as a set of features that change predictably over different frames. The system is equipped with a certain degree of generic prior knowledge about the world in terms of a sophisticated visual feature extraction process in an early cognitive vision system, knowledge about its own embodiment as well as knowledge about geometric relationships such as rigid body motion. This prior knowledge allows the extraction of representations that are semantically richer compared to many other approaches.
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Triebenbacher, Sandra Lookabaugh, and Deborah W. Tegano. "Children's Use of Transitional Objects during Daily Separations from Significant Caregivers." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 1 (February 1993): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.89.

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Attachment behaviors of 105 toddlers were observed as the children separated from significant caregiver(s) at child care. Analysis indicated that children attached to a transitional object and using the object when separating engaged in ritualistic touching behaviors directed at a variety of targets. Results lend some support to the notion of transitional objects facilitating separation and reducing anxiety in mildly stressful situations.
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Chuquichambi, Erick G., Letizia Palumbo, Carlos Rey, and Enric Munar. "Shape familiarity modulates preference for curvature in drawings of common-use objects." PeerJ 9 (July 6, 2021): e11772. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11772.

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Drawing is a way to represent common-use objects. The contour of an object is a salient feature that defines its identity. Preference for a contour (curved or angular) may depend on how familiar the resulting shape looks for that given object. In this research, we examined the influence of shape familiarity on preference for curved or sharp-angled drawings of common-use objects. We also examined the possibility that some individual differences modulated this preference. Preference for curvature was assessed with a liking rating task (Experiment 1) and with a two-alternative forced-choice task simulating approach/avoidance responses (Experiment 2). Shape familiarity was assessed with a familiarity selection task where participants selected the most familiar shape between the curved and the angular version for each object, or whether both shapes were equally familiar for the object. We found a consistent preference for curvature in both experiments. This preference increased when the objects with a curved shape were selected as the most familiar ones. We also found preference for curvature when participants selected the shape of objects as equally familiar. However, there was no preference for curvature or preference for angularity when participants selected the sharp-angled shapes as the most familiar ones. In Experiment 2, holistic and affective types of intuition predicted higher preference for curvature. Conversely, participants with higher scores in the unconventionality facet showed less preference for the curved drawings. We conclude that shape familiarity and individual characteristics modulate preference for curvature.
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Takahashi, Chie, and Simon J. Watt. "Changes in haptic sensitivity during tool use: Implications for optimal design of visual-haptic devices." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x647793.

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Optimising haptic sensitivity in visual-haptic interfaces can have important benefits, particularly in situations where visual information is relatively unreliable (for example in surgical devices, where there is often a lack of normal visual depth cues). Many haptic devices alter the normal relationship between object size and hand opening, and so might be expected to alter haptic sensitivity. To determine how to optimise haptic sensitivity in such situations, we measured haptic size sensitivity as a function of object size (i) during normal grasping, and (ii) using pliers-like tools that changed the gain between hand opening and object size. Haptic stimuli were created using force-feedback robots, and we measured discrimination thresholds using a two-interval forced-choice task. We first showed that when participants directly grasped objects with their hands haptic size sensitivity did not follow Weber’s law, but instead varied non-monotonically with object size/hand opening; thresholds were lowest for object sizes around 45 mm and increased non-linearly for larger and smaller objects. Second, when using the pliers, sensitivity in units of hand opening was unchanged from normal grasping. Thus, thresholds in units of object size were simply the product of the non-monotonic haptic size sensitivity function, above, and the tool gain. Taken together, these results show that there is a unique tool gain that maximises haptic sensitivity to each object size. Our results show how the ‘tool gain’ of haptic devices should be altered to optimise sensitivity to the range of object sizes in a particular scene.
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Duer, Stanisław. "Assessment of the Operation Process of Wind Power Plant’s Equipment with the Use of an Artificial Neural Network." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102437.

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In this article, a description is presented of simulation investigations concerning the quality of regeneration effects of a technical object in an intelligent system with an artificial neural network. All repairable technical objects used are subject to a cyclic (random) process of damages and repairs in the time of their operation. A reduction of the parameters connected with the use of objects is the fundamental feature of this process. This results in the need of a regeneration (technical maintenance) of this object. Regeneration of an object in an intelligent system with an artificial neural network constitutes an effective approach to this problem. The problem of qualitative assessments of a maintenance process organized in this manner is the focus of this article. For this purpose, a program of simulation investigations is presented. The research program consists of a description of the models of the operation processes of technical objects, determination of the input data to the investigations that are the quantities of the operation time of a technical object being the summary duration time of the regeneration (repairs) and the use of objects and the determination of the indexes of a qualitative assessment of the regeneration of an object in the operation process. The results of the study were justified with an example of simulation investigations concerning the effects of the operation process with the regeneration of a technical object in an intelligent system with an artificial neural network.
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Arun, C. P. "Damage to Object Oriented Programming in the Brain Explains many of the Psychopathological Features of Schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71348-3.

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Introduction:Modern computers often use programs that incorporate a programming technique called Object Oriented Programming (OOP), allowing users to manipulate complex ‘computational objects’ such as menus, screen windows, etc with very little effort, say the click of a mouse. OOP deals with structures called objects and allows time and computational effort saving devices such as inheritance, polymorphism and encapsulation. We examine whether the brain itself may use OOP and if representation of objects suffers a breakdown in schizophrenia.Review of literature:Previous models fail to provide a unifying explanation with a computational basis that could explain the psychopathology in schizophrenia. METHODS Using the object oriented programming language JavaTM we designed a system of self-objects named ‘hand’, ‘action monitor’ etc interacting with non-self objects ‘scissors’, ‘hammer’, ‘wall’, etc. in computational experiments, we allow the ‘action monitor’ to fail; the features of disparate objects are allowed to merge, some features of an object are allowed to be shared with other objects, etc.Results:By transposing only a few lines of code, it is possible to duplicate various features of the psychopathology of schizophrenia.Discussion:Our model can demonstrate overinclusion (overabstraction), concrete thinking (underabstraction), loss of ego boundaries (conjoining of disparate objects), delusions (misattribution of object function), lack of insight (poor monitoring of object activity) and passivity (loss of monitoring and misattribution of object activity).Conclusion:The brain must use the OOP model in its computations. Failure of object representation and manipulation must lie at the core of the psychopathology of schizophrenia.
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Antiptseva, Yu O., N. A. Pikalova, T. A. Volkova, E. S. Boyko, and N. N. Klimov. "THE NEZHNAYA CAVE OF THE ABSHERON DISTRICT OF KRASNODAR REGION AS AN OBJECT OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL USE." Успехи современного естествознания (Advances in Current Natural Sciences), no. 2 2023 (2023): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/use.37997.

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Bulens, Anneleen, Hanne Sterken, Sanne Van Beirendonck, Jos Van Thielen, and Bert Driessen. "The use of different objects during a novel object test in stabled horses." Journal of Veterinary Behavior 10, no. 1 (January 2015): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2014.09.002.

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Dabbagh, A., G. Desmarais, E. Roy, and M. Dixon. "Comparing the impact of incorrect object identification on object use to the impact of incorrect action production on naming objects." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (March 27, 2010): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.617.

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43

Rueschemeyer, Shirley-Ann, Daan van Rooij, Oliver Lindemann, Roel M. Willems, and Harold Bekkering. "The Function of Words: Distinct Neural Correlates for Words Denoting Differently Manipulable Objects." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 8 (August 2010): 1844–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21310.

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Recent research indicates that language processing relies on brain areas dedicated to perception and action. For example, processing words denoting manipulable objects has been shown to activate a fronto-parietal network involved in actual tool use. This is suggested to reflect the knowledge the subject has about how objects are moved and used. However, information about how to use an object may be much more central to the conceptual representation of an object than information about how to move an object. Therefore, there may be much more fine-grained distinctions between objects on the neural level, especially related to the usability of manipulable objects. In the current study, we investigated whether a distinction can be made between words denoting (1) objects that can be picked up to move (e.g., volumetrically manipulable objects: bookend, clock) and (2) objects that must be picked up to use (e.g., functionally manipulable objects: cup, pen). The results show that functionally manipulable words elicit greater levels of activation in the fronto-parietal sensorimotor areas than volumetrically manipulable words. This suggests that indeed a distinction can be made between different types of manipulable objects. Specifically, how an object is used functionally rather than whether an object can be displaced with the hand is reflected in semantic representations in the brain.
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Racheed, Dora, Rahmatullah Muin, and Ahmed Jaylan. "Object detection and object classification using machine learning Algorithms." International Journal of Information Technology and Applied Sciences (IJITAS) 2, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52502/ijitas.v2i3.12.

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Urban objects are characterized by a very variable representation in terms of shape, texture and color. In addition, they are present multiple times on the images to be analyzed and can be stuck to each other. To carry out the automatic localization and recognition of the different objects we propose to use supervised learning approaches. Due to their characteristics, urban objects are difficult to detect and conventional detection approaches do not offer satisfactory performance. We proposed the use of a wide margin separator network (SVM) in order to better merge the information from the different resolutions and therefore to improve the representativeness of the urban object. The use of an SVM network makes it possible to improve performance but at a significant computational cost. We then proposed to use an activation path making it possible to reduce complexity without losing efficiency. This path will activate the network sequentially and stop the exploration when the probability of detecting an object is high. In the case of a location based on the extraction of characteristics then the classification, the computational reduction is a factor of five. Subsequently, we have shown that we can combine the SVM network with feature maps from convolutional neural networks.
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Jones, Catherine M., and Susan D. Healy. "Differences in cue use and spatial memory in men and women." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1598 (May 23, 2006): 2241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3572.

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Men and women differ in their ability to solve spatial problems. There are two possible proximate explanations for this: (i) men and women differ in the kind (and value) of information they use and/or (ii) their cognitive abilities differ with respect to spatial problems. Using a simple computerized task which could be solved either by choosing an object based on what it looked like, or by its location, we found that the women relied on the object's visual features to solve the task, while the men used both visual and location information. There were no differences between the sexes in memory for the visual features of the objects, but women were poorer than men at remembering the locations of objects.
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Jelbert, Sarah A., Rachael Miller, Martina Schiestl, Markus Boeckle, Lucy G. Cheke, Russell D. Gray, Alex H. Taylor, and Nicola S. Clayton. "New Caledonian crows infer the weight of objects from observing their movements in a breeze." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1894 (January 9, 2019): 20182332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2332.

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Humans use a variety of cues to infer an object's weight, including how easily objects can be moved. For example, if we observe an object being blown down the street by the wind, we can infer that it is light. Here, we tested whether New Caledonian crows make this type of inference. After training that only one type of object (either light or heavy) was rewarded when dropped into a food dispenser, birds observed pairs of novel objects (one light and one heavy) suspended from strings in front of an electric fan. The fan was either on—creating a breeze which buffeted the light, but not the heavy, object—or off, leaving both objects stationary. In subsequent test trials, birds could drop one, or both, of the novel objects into the food dispenser. Despite having no opportunity to handle these objects prior to testing, birds touched the correct object (light or heavy) first in 73% of experimental trials, and were at chance in control trials. Our results suggest that birds used pre-existing knowledge about the behaviour exhibited by differently weighted objects in the wind to infer their weight, using this information to guide their choices.
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Eyrian, G. N. "LAND PLOT AS AN OBJECT OF USE." Вестник Пермского университета. Юридические науки, no. 45 (2019): 540–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2019-45-540-563.

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Negri, Gioia A., Alberta Lunardelli, Carlo Reverberi, Gian Luigi Gigli, and Raffaella I. Rumiati. "Degraded Semantic Knowledge And Accurate Object Use." Cortex 43, no. 3 (January 2007): 376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70463-5.

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Willig, Carla. "Reflections on the use of object elicitation." Qualitative Psychology 4, no. 3 (November 2017): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/qup0000054.

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Graham, Ian. "Use case maps for object-oriented systems." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 84, no. 1 (November 1996): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(96)82405-5.

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