Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oak wood

Academic literature on the topic 'Oak wood'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Oak wood"

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Milling, Annett, Rolf Kehr, Alfred Wulf, and Kornelia Smalla. "Survival of bacteria on wood and plastic particles: Dependence on wood species and environmental conditions." Holzforschung 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2005.012.

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AbstractThe survival of two hygienically relevant bacteria,Escherichia colipIE639 andEnterococcus faecium, was followed on wooden sawdust of seven different European woods (pine, spruce, larch, beech, maple, poplar, and oak) versus polyethylene chips by using cultivation-dependent and molecular-based methods in parallel. The survival of the bacteria on wood was dependent on various factors such as the wood species, the type of the inoculated bacterium, the ambient temperature, and humidity. The bacterial titre decreased fastest on pine followed by oak compared to the other woods and plastic. Cultivation-independent analysis employing DNA extraction, Southern blot hybridisation, and PCR-based detection of marker genes of the test bacteria confirmed this result. The decline in bacterial numbers correlated with the decrease of bacterial DNA in the samples. Amounts of DNA ofE. coliandE. faeciumrecovered from pine and oak-wood sawdust were generally lower compared to the other woods and plastic.The presented study shows that pine and oak exhibit substantially better hygienic performance than plastic and indicates an antibacterial effect caused by a combination of the hygroscopic properties of wood and the effect of wood extractives.
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Kuryanova, Tatyana, Anatoliy Tarasov, Aleksey Platonov, and Svetlana Snegireva. "RATIONAL USE OF FUMED AND NATURAL OAK WOOD." Forestry Engineering Journal 10, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2020.2/17.

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Fumed oak wood is valuable and one of the most environmentally friendly natural materials. As a result of a long stay of wood in flowing river water and in contact with bottom soil without air access, an individual process of staining of each trunk occurs. It consists in changing the chemical composition of the wood. The wood acquires increased strength and a beautiful color scheme. It is established that the degree of coloring of fumed oak wood depends on the amount of iron oxides in it (Fe2O3). There are industrial stocks of this wood in the Russian Federation. Drying process is one of the key technological operations. The most common methods of fumed oak wood drying are convective-atmospheric and convective-thermal ones. They have long duration, and the number of defects in warping and cracking reaches 30-40%. In this work, the drying of fumed oak wood by various methods has been investigated. It has been established that shrinkage of fumed oak wood is 1.5-2.0 times more than of natural oak woo. Preliminary thermochemical treatment enables to reduce the volumetric shrinkage of wood by 25%. An analysis of the color change of fumed oak wood depending on the conditions of wood staining in the river Voronezh has been made. Determination of the shrinkage quality and size is necessary to justify the allowances for obtaining sizes of lumber when cutting round wood. The studies performed will allow the rational and efficient use of valuable and unique oak wood
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Jordão, António Manuel, Jorge Manuel Ricardo-da-Silva, and Olga Laureano. "Ellagitannins from Portuguese oak wood (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) used in cooperage: influence of geographical origin, coarseness of the grain and toasting level." Holzforschung 61, no. 2 (March 1, 2007): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2007.028.

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Abstract The ellagitannins and ellagic acid from extracts of Portuguese oak wood chips (Quercus pyrenaica) used in cooperage from different origins (Gerês and Guarda forests) were analysed by HPLC. The results were compared with the ellagitannin content of wood chips obtained from American (Q. alba) and French (Q. petraea) oak. The influence of heat treatment and the coarseness of the grain on ellagitannins and ellagic acid were also studied. Five ellagitannins (vescalagin, castalagin, roburin D, roburin E and grandinin) and ellagic acid were quantified. Vescalagin and castalagin were the most abundant individual ellagitannins in all of the oak wood chips studied. Portuguese oak wood had the highest content of ellagitannins and ellagic acid, followed by the French and American oaks. The geographical origin of Portuguese oak and the coarseness of the grain of French oak affected the content of ellagitannins and ellagic acid. In general, the ellagitannin content decreased with the toasting process, while the ellagic acid content increased. The toasting process had the highest impact on ellagitannin composition in comparison to the other variables studied.
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Baar, Jan, Zuzana Paschová, Tamás Hofmann, Tomáš Kolář, Gerald Koch, Bodo Saake, and Peter Rademacher. "Natural durability of subfossil oak: wood chemical composition changes through the ages." Holzforschung 74, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2018-0309.

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AbstractIn recent years, subfossil oak has become increasingly popular, particularly in the manufacture of small wooden products. Due to the long period of its underground preservation, detailed knowledge of its properties is essential to properly use this material. In this study, subfossil oak samples dated to approximately 1000, 2000 and 3000 years BP and recent oak samples were chemically analyzed to determine the contents of extractives, the main wood components, and inorganic elements. The results were then evaluated in light of their natural durability. The mass loss of subfossil oak was 2–3 times lower than that of the recent sample, but the age of the subfossil oak itself had no influence on its durability. The long-term leaching process of water-soluble ellagitannins, together with their hydrolysis and bonding in ferric tannate complexes, were responsible for the decreased durability. The oldest subfossil oak had the lowest amount of phenolic compounds and the highest content of inorganic elements. Optical emission spectrometry proved an increase in inorganic elements 5–7 times higher than recent oak content, with the highest increase found for calcium and iron. Compared to recent oaks, subfossil oaks manifested decreased content of carbohydrates and correspondingly increased lignin content. Our results revealed that subfossil oak cannot be considered a suitable material for exterior use under aerobic conditions.
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De Coninck, G., António Manuel Jordão, Jorge Manuel Ricardo-da-Silva, and Olga Laureano. "Evolution of phenolic composition and sensory properties in red wine aged in contact with Portuguese and French oak wood chips." OENO One 40, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2006.40.1.881.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">A red wine was matured in contact with 4 g/L of oak wood chips from Portuguese (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.), French (Quercus petraea L.) and a mixture (50:50) of this two oak wood species, during 13 weeks, in order to evaluate the effects of these different oak wood chip species (specially Portuguese oak wood) on the phenolic composition evolution of the wine and in their sensory properties. In general, for the phenolic compounds studied, it wasn't possible to detect remarkable differences between the control wine (aged without oak wood chips) and the wines aged in contact with the two oak wood chips species used. However, for non-flavonoid phenols, the presence of oak wood chips contributed to an increase of these compounds in red wines. The influence of oak wood chips in anthocyanins evolution were similar for all wines, except for malvidin-3-glucoside, which decrease was more evident for the wine aged in contact with oak wood chips. The oak wood chips species and the chips concentration used in this study, didn't affect the proanthocyanidin contents in the wines during the time considered.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sensory results showed that, the wines aged in contact with Portuguese and French oak wood chips and the mixture of this two oak wood species, differed significantly from the control wine in several sensorial characteristics. The wines aged in contact with wood chips showed a higher punctuation values for intensity, toasted, wood and vanillin aroma, taste intensity and global appreciation. This positive effect was more evident for wines aged with Portuguese oak wood chips. Probably this results, suggest that the Portuguese oak wood samples species (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) used could be considered suitable for barrel production because it has a positively effect in sensorial red wine attributes. Thus with this study we tried to contribute for understand the Portuguese oak wood role in red wine characteristics.</p>
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González-Centeno, María Reyes, Pierre-Louis Teissedre, and Kleopatra Chira. "Impact of oak wood modalities on the (non)-volatile composition and sensory attributes of red wines." OENO One 55, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.2.4673.

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During fermentation or ageing of wines, oak wood is commonly used in form of barrels, casks or derived oak products (chips, winewoods, tankstaves, among others). It is well known that aroma, structure, astringency, bitterness, aromatic persistence and colour may change as a result of wine‒wood contact. A full-scale experimentation was performed under different oak ageing conditions in order to evaluate colour, phenolic, aromatic and sensory differences among final red wines (9‒months ageing). Oenological parameters and wine colour were not impacted by ageing modality. At the end of ageing, no differences were found in total phenolic and tannin contents. Regardless of the ageing modality, total content and profile of fruity volatiles were globally maintained with regard to control (≥ 86 %). In contrast, the higher the surface of wine‒wood contact per unit of wine volume, the greater the extraction of woody aromas. Thus, barrels led to wines with the highest level of woody aromas (515‒864 µg/L), followed by cask modalities (430‒470 µg/L). From a sensory point of view, descriptors highlighting the woody character of wine (vanilla, spicy) were enhanced in all oak‒aged wines when compared to control. However, our results indicate that a masking effect of fruity aroma by oak wood did not occur, since all modalities were perceived as fruity as the control. Thus, each oak ageing modality may lead to wines with a different woody character, without no impact on fruity perception, allowing wineries to achieve the targeted aromatic profile, good structure and just the right balance between fruity and woody aromas.
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Bruhn, Johann N., and Robert L. Heyd. "Biology and Control of Oak Wilt in Michigan Red Oak Stands." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 9, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/9.2.47.

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Abstract This paper explains the components of an integrated approach to oak wilt control which has strong potential for adaptation to red oak forests throughout the Lake States. Oak wilt epicenter containment involves (1) separating grafted root systems with a vibratory plow line or Vapam barrier, followed by (2) removal of all living red oaks inside the barrier, and sanitary treatment of wood capable of producing fungal mats. Use of a reference table developed for proper barrier location is described. Epicenters are established by insect vectors, often as a consequence of human activity. Establishment of epicenters can be prevented by: (1) sanitary treatment of diseased trees which may yet produce mats, (2) discouraging unsupervised movement of diseased wood, (3) minimizing the wounding of oaks during the spring and early summer, and (4) immediately painting all spring and summer wounds on oak trees with a tree wound dressing. Detection of new epicenters is important. Treatment of small epicenters minimizes site disturbance and the number of fungal mats produced, as well as the number of trees lost. Systematic aerial surveillance is useful for effective detection in large acre-ages of oak type. Prevention is the best control measure. Unfortunately, public relations are often inadequate. North. J. Appl. For. 9(2):47-51
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Chornobrov, O. "Features of coarse woody debris volume formation in fresh sudibrova conditions in Zmiini islands tract of Kaniv Nature Reserve." Balanced nature using, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2021.231886.

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Dead wood (woody debris) is an important component of forest ecosystems. It performs a number of ecological and environmental functions. The article studies the peculiarities of the formation of coarse wood detritus volume and its qualitative structure in forests in the conditions of fresh sudibrova of the Zmiiini Islands tract of Kaniv Nature Reserve. The study of dead wood was carried out in 140-year-old pine-oak forests of natural origin on a permanent sample plot (0.24 ha) by identifying and measuring of standing and lying deadwood components. It was found that dead wood in the forest ecosystem was formed due to the dying of trees of five species: common oak (Quercus robur L.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.), small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) and common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), and has a volume 56.3 m3·ha–1. Dead wood volume is dominated by standing dead trees — 82.1%, and the share of lying dead wood, respectively, is 17.9%. The main part of dead wood volume is formed by two tree species — common oak and Scots pine, the share of which together is 94.3%. Common oak and Scots pine is characterized by a predominance of standing dead wood, while for other tree species — lying dead wood. In general, dead wood is formed by detritus of I–IV classes of destruction, at the same time detritus of class II decomposition has a significant advantage (70.5%), recently dead wood has a much smaller share (I class, 24.8%), and other classes of destruction have insignificant shares, which together do not exceed 5.0%. No woody detritus of the last (V) class of destruction was detected. Volume of standing dead wood is 46.2 m3·ha–1, and is formed by whole and broken dead trees. In terms of species composition, common oak has a significant advantage (74.5%), Scots pine has a much smaller share (25.1%), and the share of Norway maple is insignificant (0.4%). The total standing dead wood volume is dominated by wood of class II destruction (33.0 m3·ha–1, 71.4%) compared with class I (13.2 m3·ha–1, 28.6%). Lying dead wood is represented by four classes of destruction (I–IV), however, no woody debris was found at the late (last) stage of decomposition (class V). In terms of volume, the second class of destruction has an absolute advantage (6.7 m3·ha–1, 66.3%), much less class III detritus (2.3 m3·ha–1, 22.8%). Lying dead wood of common oak is represented by all four classes of destruction, among which III (40.5%) and I (33.3%) classes predominate. Lying dead wood of other tree species is characterized by the predominance of II or III classes of destruction. The main factors in the formation of woody detritus in the pine-oak forest in the Zmiiini Islands tract could be the impact of adverse climatic conditions (long periods without precipitation in summer), which led to the weakening of individual trees and their death, gusts of wind that broke individual tree trunks, low-intensity snow breaks, and the influence of biotic factors (insects, pathogens).
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Guyette, Richard P., and Mike Stambaugh. "THE AGE AND DENSITY OF ANCIENT AND MODERN OAK WOOD IN STREAMS AND SEDIMENTS." IAWA Journal 24, no. 4 (2003): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000340.

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Large wood of oak trees (Quercus spp.) has resided in the streams and sediments of north Missouri, USA for many thousands of years. This wood affords the opportunity to compare a chronosequence of differences in wood density over a very long period. We analyzed the relationship between the age (residence time) and density of heartwood from oak boles using tree-ring and 14C dating methods and discuss their implications. The residence time of large oak wood (> 25 cm diameter) sampled in the streams and sediments ranged from less than 14 years to more than 12,320 years. The oak wood ranged in density from 0.82 g cm-3 for a tree that had recently fallen into the stream to 0.14 g cm-3 for ancient oak wood. Two regression equations relate age (residence time) and density of oak wood and explain 88 percent of the variance in the dependent variables. Equation 1, heartwood density = age, can be used for studies in carbon cycling, wood as invertebrate habitat, or other questions related to the density and ecology of wood in streams such as wood retention and export. Equation 2, age = heartwood density, can be used for estimating when oak wood was formed on a very coarse scale over many thousands of years.
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Spiecker, Heinrich. "Production of valuable oak wood in Europe." Annals of Forest Research 64, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15287/afr.2021.2207.

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Large dimension branch free wood of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and sessile oak (Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) is highly valued, while small sized and low-quality oak timber generate little income. This paper describes how large dimensions of branch free wood can be produced by applying appropriate silvicultural measures. The results are based on measurements of oak trees in various regions in Germany and Denmark. Two management phases are distinguished: In phase 1 pruning is emphasized and at the beginning of phase 2 future crop trees are selected to promote diameter growth of these oak trees. The resulting guidelines provide a quantitative basis for objective-oriented oak management.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oak wood"

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Spillman, Philip John. "Oak wood contribution to wine aroma /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AHP/09ahps756.pdf.

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Cox, Brian D. "Assessing the limitations of oak in OSB." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5737.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 71 p. : col. ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-63).
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Mosedale, Jonathan R. "Variation of oak wood properties influencing the maturation of whisky." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b0383556-7c95-48d7-902b-ef4a9f0732dc.

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Oak casks are used for the maturation of a wide variety of alcoholic beverages including Scotch whisky. The process of maturation has a profound but variable effect on the colour and flavour of the whisky, with cask wood playing an important role, particularly through the release of extractives to the distillate. This thesis examines variation in European oak wood (Quercus petraea Matt. Liebl. and Q. robur L.) of ellagitannins, oak lactones and other extractives, and physical wood properties. Investigations particularly sought to establish whether the properties and their effects on flavour can be predicted from either the species, the various forest origins, or identifiable wood or tree characters. The treatment of wood after felling, through seasoning and particularly the toasting or charring of casks, has a major effect on the levels of many extractives. Heating reduces the concentrations of ellagitannins and increases levels of lignin-derived extractives. However, the effects are not such as to render variation in untreated wood inconsequential. Within trees, the concentration of soluble ellagitannins declines and the composition changes with heartwood age. When heartwood of a similar age is compared concentrations vary by up to ten times between different trees, making up to 14% of the heartwood dry weight. Concentrations of oak lactones appear to increase with heartwood age and are also very variable between trees. Wood samples were taken from two different forests, corresponding to opposing types of French oak used for cooperage. Over 70% of the total variation of soluble tannins in the wood occurred between the forests. A difference between the two forests in the rate of tree growth and the heartwood age of samples could not explain all of the difference in the amounts of soluble tannins. After heating the wood, the concentrations of other extractives and the flavour and colour imparted to solutions, also varied significantly between the two forests and between trees within each site. Studies on clonal, progeny and provenance material concluded that the concentration of ellagitannins, oak lactones and many physical properties of heartwood are under strong genetic control. However, a large proportion of this variation is attributable to variation between the two species Q. robur and Q. petraea. Q. robur is characterised by high concentrations of tannins and, after heating, of lignin-derived products, but low or negligible levels of oak lactones. Q. petraea has opposing extractive properties and after heating, imparts a more pleasant and complex flavour. Although there is large variation between trees within each species, this difference between the species is proposed as the main factor explaining the different flavour and extractive properties found in European oak wood from different origins.
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Ljungdahl, Jonas. "Structure and properties of Vasa oak." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4016.

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Tullberg, Tobias Eric. "Development of the composition of oak wood during seasoning and its impact on wine." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12210.

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Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the natural seasoning of oak wood on the chemical composition of the oak and the following potential impact it has on the wine. In this study two experimental plans were carried out. The first with objective to evaluate the impact of the time of seasoning on the chemical composition of the wood and the second was carried out to study the effect of the time of seasoning on the sensory aspects of the wine. A significant difference between the composition of fresh wood and seasoned wood was generally observed, however no significant difference was observed due to the time of seasoning after 18 months. Sensory analysis in form of triangular tests showed the same trend, leading to the questioning of the benefits of prolonged seasoning of oak wood
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Shipek, D. Catlow, and Peter F. Ffolliott. "Water, Wood, and Wildlife Management of Emory Oak Coppice: A Preliminary Decision Matrix." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296621.

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Maingi, John Kaunda 1964. "Specific gravity and estimated physical properties of Emory oak in southeastern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278168.

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Average specific gravity of Emory oak (Quercus emoryi) estimated from 115 increment cores was 0.567 ± 0.011 (95 percent confidence interval). Increment core specific gravity is a predictor of average tree specific gravity. Diameter breast height (dbh) and diameter root collar (drc) were correlated with increment core specific gravity, but the correlations were too low to be valuable for predictive purposes. Estimated physical properties of Emory oak wood were lower than those reported for Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) but higher than those reported for alligator juniper (Juniperus deppeana).
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DeYoung, Clara. "Biomass Estimation Using the Component Ratio Method for White Oak." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50421.

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With higher demands on biomass, the ability to accurately estimate the amount in a stand is more important now than ever before. Existing models currently in use by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service include the Component Ratio Method (CRM). However, testing of the CRM models is needed to validate and calibrate them. The objective of this research was to test and develop a system of equations capable of producing consistent volume and biomass estimates for standing trees of commercially important hardwood species in the southeastern United States. Testing and comparing was done through use of new and legacy data to establish component ratios of trees and contrast these results to those from existing models. Specifically, analyses were completed for models of merchantable and whole stem volume, wood densities models and averages, and the component ratios for wood, bark, branches, and foliage. The existing models were then calibrated and adjusted. Results on accuracy and fitted results of updated models are reported, along with testing the effects of applying updated models over the state of Virginia.
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Aebischer, Danille P. "Basic density and shrinkage of oak in relation to wood structure and cambial age." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285465.

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Dedic, Dina. "The warship Vasa : A Study of Lignin, Extractives and Acids in the oak wood." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Träkemi och massateknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-121176.

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The oak wood timbers of the 17th century Swedish warship Vasa are weak. The weakening has been attributed to cellulose degradation, which is more extensive in the interior of the timbers compared to the surface regions. Further, the mechanism of cellulose degradation was attributed to oxidative reactions involving iron as a catalyst. In this work, the non-cellulosic wood components (lignin and extractives) in the wood of the Vasa have been studied in order to assess the level of degradation possibly caused by oxidative reactions. Because the interior of the wood timbers is more acidic and its cellulose more depolymerized than at the near surface regions, a general study of organic acidand iron concentrations with respect to different depths from the surface was also performed. Characterization of lignin in the wood of the Vasa was done by means of wet chemical degradation (thioacidolysis) and subsequent GC-MS analysis of the degradation products, as well as CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy of the wood. Dry acetone- and water extracts of the wood were analyzed by 13C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy in order to study the presence of gallo- and ellagitannins. No severe lignin degradation and no discernible amounts of hydrolysable tannins in the oak wood of the Vasa were detected, indicating that oxidative reactions are not the primary route to cellulose depolymerization. High amounts of oxalic acid (analyzed by HPIEC) and a low pH have been found in the interior of the wood timbers, supporting acid hydrolysis as the main mechanism of cellulose depolymerization. Analysis of the iron distribution using ICP AES shows that iron is most abundant in the surface of the timbers and decreases as the concentration of oxalic acid increases. Experimental work also shows that some iron species (rust) in the Vasa neutralize oxalic acid, thereby protecting the surface wood from acid hydrolysis.

QC 20130422

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Books on the topic "Oak wood"

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The Merlin of the Oak Wood. New York: TOR, 2003.

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The Merlin of the Oak Wood. New York: TOR, 2001.

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Aye, Mi Mi, and Mi Mi Aye. A comparrative [i.e. comparative] morphology and wood anatomy of some Myanmar species of the genus Quercus. Mandalay, Myanmar: University of Mandalay, Dept. of Botany, 1995.

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Aye, Mi Mi. A comparrative [i.e. comparative] morphology and wood anatomy of some Myanmar species of the genus quercus. Mandalay, Myanmar: University of Mandalay, Department of Botany, 1995.

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Swanberg, Randy L. Oak Creek Wildlife Area: Wood duck enhancement : the development of a wetland. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 1998.

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Tulik, Mirela. Anatomiczne parametry przewodnictwa hydraulicznego drewna pni dębu szypułkowego (Quercus robur L.) a proces zamierania drzew: Anatomical parameters of hydraulic conductivity in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) stema wood and the process of trees declining. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SGGW, 2012.

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Oak Woods Management Workshop (1988 Bradley University). Proceedings of the Oak Woods Management Workshop. Edited by Burger George V. 1927-, Ebinger J. E. 1933-, and Wilhelm Gerould 1948-. Charleston, Ill: Eastern Illinois University, 1991.

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Outen, Lon D. Hortons on Lynches River and Red Oak Woods Plantation. Kershaw, SC (4110 Coats Rd., Kershaw 29067): L.D. Outen, 1989.

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Kamenickba, Aurbelia. Explantbaty v rozmnoizovanbi drevbin. Bratislava: Veda, 1989.

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Oaks, Dumbarton, ed. Ancient Maya art at Dumbarton Oaks. Washington, D.C: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Oak wood"

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Uday, D. N., B. S. Mamatha, D. Sujatha, and V. Prakash. "Study on Utilization of Plantation-Grown Timber Species Grevillea robusta (Silver Oak) for Medium-Density Fibre Board." In Wood is Good, 363–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3115-1_33.

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Kim, Jun-Seok, Hyunjoon Kim, Jin-Suk Lee, Joon-Pyo Lee, and Soon-Chul Park. "Pretreatment Characteristics of Waste Oak Wood by Ammonia Percolation." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 533–40. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-526-2_50.

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Queirolo, F., P. Valenta, S. Stegen, and S. W. Breckle. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Oak Wood from Polluted Regions." In Mechanisms and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests, 193–202. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1023-2_22.

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Lee, Woo Gi, Jin Suk Lee, Chul Seung Shin, Soon Chul Park, Ho Nam Chang, and Yong Keun Chang. "Ethanol Production Using Concentrated Oak Wood Hydrolysates and Methods to Detoxify." In Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 547–59. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1604-9_49.

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Atar, Musa, Cevdet Söğütlü, Meryem Dereli, and Hakan Keskin. "Carbon Dioxide Amount in the Combustion of European Oak (Quercus petreae Liebl.) Wood Bleached and Varnished." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 469–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63709-9_38.

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Munir, Muhammad Tanveer, Christophe Belloncle, Florence Aviat, Michel Federighi, Hélène Pailhoriès, and Matthieu Eveillard. "Antimicrobial Activity of Oak Wood Against Nosocomial Acinetobacter Baumannii of Human and Animal Origin: A One Health Approach." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition), 2413–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_377.

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Zólyomi, B., M. Kéri, and F. Horváth. "Changes and Fluctuation of a Zonal Submediterranean Hairy Oak Wood and the Submediterranean Climate in Time and Space in the Pannonian Basin." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 582–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_68.

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Du Merle, P. "Phenological Resistance of Oaks to the Green Oak Leafroller, Tortrix viridana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects, 215–26. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_13.

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Chalupa, Vladimír. "Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)." In Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants, 67–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0491-3_5.

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Corredoira, Elena, Inmaculada Hernández, Marian Morcillo, Mª Teresa Martínez, Mar Ruiz-Galea, Mª José Cernadas, Noelia Ramírez-Martín, Mª Carmen San José, Isabel Arrillaga, and Mariano Toribio. "Holm Oak Quercus ilex L." In Step Wise Protocols for Somatic Embryogenesis of Important Woody Plants, 181–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89483-6_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Oak wood"

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Romanovskis, Gints, Karlis Bumanis, Gundars Kulikovskis, and Peteris Rivza. "Location and identification of oak wood defect by deep learning." In 20th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2021.20.tf402.

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Ramani, Karthik, Michael Smith, and Heming Dai. "In-Situ Continuous Process for Bonding Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene to Wood." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-1202.

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Abstract Process conditions are developed for the manufacture of composite reinforcement for oak. Commingled glass and polypropylene fibers are consolidated in-situ on the surface of oak. Processing times from 30 to 120 seconds and pressures from .34 MPa to 1.4 MPa are tested. Micrographs of the composite and bond line reveal anisotropic fiber distribution in the composite, dry reinforcing fibers, voids, and incomplete consolidation. These microstructures are correlated with the processing problems which cause them, including insufficient heating time, poor matrix/glass mixing, and insufficient pressure to suppress void development. Lap shear strength and failure modes are related to microstructural features.
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Agrež, Marko, Danijela Urbancl, Sanja Potrč, and Darko Goričanec. "Heating Value of Torrified Oak Wood and Sewage Sludge Depending on Temperature." In 10TH International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Protection. University of Maribor Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-048-6.40.

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Laza, Marcela, Simina Coman, and Teodor Leuca. "Temperature variation in the process of heating oak wood using radio frequency." In 2015 13th International Conference on Engineering of Modern Electric Systems (EMES). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emes.2015.7158408.

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Bas, Gamze Sultan, Erol Sancaktar, and Erdal Karadurmus. "Physical Properties of LLDPE and PP Filled With Wood Flours." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-48059.

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In this study, composites of polypropylene (PP), as well as linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) thermoplastics filled with wood flour have been investigated to study the effect of size and amount of wood flour on their mechanical, thermal and aging properties. PP and LLDPE were mixed with five different types of wood flour, i.e., cedar, maple, oak, poplar, and select pine, by adding different percentages of wood flour at 30, 40 and 50 weight percentages. Mixing was done using a mini compounder at 180–210°C and dog-bone shape samples were produced by using a mini-injection molding machine. Two different sizes of wood flour labeled as thin (425–500 μm) and thick (600–710 μm) were compared for PP-wood and LLDPE-wood composites. Mechanical properties of blends were investigated by tensile testing and thermal behaviors of blends were characterized by using DSC analyses. Poplar and maple show better tensile results among other wood types with 543.7 MPa and 600.5 MPa Young’s modulus and 21.05 MPa and 24.53 MPa tensile strength for LLDPE when comparing thick and thin wood flour blends, respectively. In the case of PP; poplar and select pine gave higher Young’s modulus and tensile strength results. Samples were also aged in acid and water solution for 3 days, and their weight and dimensional changes were recorded and compared with neat polymer samples to show physical stability.
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Legemza, Jaroslav. "THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF UTILIZATION OF SAWDUST FROM OAK-WOOD IN THE IRON-ORE SINTERING PROCESS." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b13/s4.126.

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Cetera, Paola, Teresa Lovaglio, and Luigi Todaro. "The XPS technique: a support for analysing the wood surface. A case study of the Turkey oak wood after UV-C irradiation." In Secondo Congresso Internazionale di Selvicoltura = Second International Congress of Silviculture. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/2cis-pc-tec.

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Findorak, Robert. "THE EFFECT OF SAW-DUST ADDITION FROM PINE AND OAK WOOD ON IRON-ORE SINTERING PERFORMANCE." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b13/s4.124.

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Belchinskaya, Larisa, Konstantin Zhuzhukin, A. Bushueva, and Nikolai Jujukin. "CREATION OF A COMPOSITE COMPOSITION FOR IMPREGNATING RAILWAY SLEEPERS." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_192-197.

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This paper shows the stages of developing an eco-friendly composite composition (PKS) for impregnating railway sleepers made of birch wood, which has high water and moisture resistance. Used oils were selected for the study: mineral engine oil, transmission oil, sunflower oil, corn oil. The used oils were compared with the oil liquid ZHTK-2, which is widely used for impregnating railway sleepers, according to the following indicators: the content of the impregnating composition; water absorption and swelling of the impregnated wood after 30 days of standing in water in the radial and tangential directions. According to the sum of the obtained indicators, the spent mineral engine oil (OMM) was chosen as the basis of the PKS, flour of various types of wood (coniferous or deciduous), flour of oak, birch or pine bark was proposed as a filler. The greatest effect was obtained when introducing coniferous wood flour (MDH) in the amount of 1% of the mass of the OMM into the OMM. At the same time, the content of the impregnating composition in the wood increases from 43 to 70%, water absorption decreases (by 63.8%) and the swelling of the wood in the tangential and radial directions. When comparing the target values for the oil composition (OMM+MDX) and the oil liquid ZHTK-2, it was found that the content of the impregnating composition is 10.6% higher than for ZHTK-2, water absorption is reduced by 6.8%.
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Oberhofnerová, Eliška, Miloš Pánek, Ondřej Dvořák, Kristýna Šimůnková, and Aleš Zeidler. "Effectiveness of two different hydrophobic topcoats for increasing of durability of exterior coating systems on oak wood." In 1st Coatings and Interfaces Web Conference. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ciwc2019-06163.

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Reports on the topic "Oak wood"

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Leis, Sherry. Vegetation community monitoring at Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial: 2011–2019. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284711.

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Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial celebrates the lives of the Lincoln family including the final resting place of Abraham’s mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln. Lincoln’s childhood in Indiana was a formative time in the life our 16th president. When the Lincoln family arrived in Indiana, the property was covered in the oak-hickory forest type. They cleared land to create their homestead and farm. Later, designers of the memorial felt that it was important to restore woodlands to the site. The woodlands would help visitors visualize the challenges the Lincoln family faced in establishing and maintaining their homestead. Some stands of woodland may have remained, but significant restoration efforts included extensive tree planting. The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network began monitoring the woodland in 2011 with repeat visits every four years. These monitoring efforts provide a window into the composition and structure of the wood-lands. We measure both overstory trees and the ground flora within four permanently located plots. At these permanent plots, we record each species, foliar cover estimates of ground flora, diameter at breast height of midstory and overstory trees, and tree regeneration frequency (tree seedlings and saplings). The forest species composition was relatively consistent over the three monitoring events. Climatic conditions measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index indicated mild to wet conditions over the monitoring record. Canopy closure continued to indicate a forest structure with a closed canopy. Large trees (>45 cm DBH) comprised the greatest amount of tree basal area. Sugar maple was observed to have the greatest basal area and density of the 23 tree species observed. The oaks characteristic of the early woodlands were present, but less dominant. Although one hickory species was present, it was in very low abundance. Of the 17 tree species recorded in the regeneration layer, three species were most abundant through time: sugar maple (Acer saccharum), red bud (Cercis canadensis), and ash (Fraxinus sp.). Ash recruitment seemed to increase over prior years and maple saplings transitioned to larger size classes. Ground flora diversity was similar through time, but alpha and gamma diversity were slightly greater in 2019. Percent cover by plant guild varied through time with native woody plants and forbs having the greatest abundance. Nonnative plants were also an important part of the ground flora composition. Common periwinkle (Vinca minor) and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) continued to be the most abundant nonnative species, but these two species were less abundant in 2019 than 2011. Unvegetated ground cover was high (mean = 95%) and increased by 17% since 2011. Bare ground increased from less than 1% in 2011 to 9% in 2019, but other ground cover elements were similar to prior years. In 2019, we quantified observer error by double sampling two plots within three of the monitoring sites. We found total pseudoturnover to be about 29% (i.e., 29% of the species records differed between observers due to observer error). This 29% pseudoturnover rate was almost 50% greater than our goal of 20% pseudoturnover. The majority of the error was attributed to observers overlooking species. Plot frame relocation error likely contributed as well but we were unable to separate it from overlooking error with our design.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve: 2019 data summary—Version 2.0. National Park Service, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2290196.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted on 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve (TIMU). A total of 23 vegetation plots were established in the park in May and June. Data collected in each plot include species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches (in)]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve in 2019. Data were stratified across three dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands, Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and three land parcels (Cedar Point, Theodore Roosevelt, and Thomas Creek). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 157 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 23 vegetation plots, including nine species not previously known from the park. Three plots were located in the footprint of the Yellow Bluff Fire, and were sampled only two weeks following the fire event. Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia), cat greenbrier (Smilax glauca), water oak (Quercus nigra), and swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetland habitat; saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), and gallberry (Ilex glabra) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Open Upland and Woodland habitat; and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica), Spanish moss (Tillandsia usenoides), and red bay (Persea borbonia) were the most frequently encountered species in Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. There were no exotic species of the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council list of invasive plants (FLEPPC 2020) observed on any of these plots. Both red bay and swamp bay (Persea palustris) were largely absent from the tree stratum in these plots; however, they were present (occasionally in high abundance) in the seedling and sapling strata across all habitat types. Buckthorn bully (Sideroxylon lycioides)—listed as Endangered in the state of Florida by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020)—was observed in three Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plots. The tree strata in each broadly defined habitat were dominated by the following species: Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands-loblolly bay (Gordonia lasianthus) Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands-longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands-oaks (Quercus sp.) Most stems within the tree strata exhibited healthy vigor and only moderate dieback across all habitat types. However, there was a large amount of standing dead trees in plots within Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. Downed woody biomass (fuel loads) were highest in the Cedar Point and Thomas Creek land parcels.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290019.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less
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