Journal articles: 'NZEB schools'

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Bazzocchi, F., C. Ciacci, V. Di Naso, and A. Rocchetti. "NZEB schools: global sensitivity analysis to optimize design features of school buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 296 (July 30, 2019): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012043.

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Bazzocchi, Frida. "Optimization of Solar Shading for a NZEB Kindergarten in Florence." Proceedings 16, no. 1 (July 19, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019016048.

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For the realization of a near-zero energy building (NZEB) school, it is important to define during the preliminary phase of the design process the type of solar shading to be used for each orientation (south, east, and west), as it strongly determines the appearance of the façade of the building. Given that this choice is also strictly linked to the energy balance of the building and to the thermal-hygrometric and visual wellbeing of occupants, it is necessary to combine both aspects. This study aims to analyze and optimize the solar shadings system of one of the new typological models for kindergarten in order to minimize the energy needs of the building. The proposed analysis in the paper is part of a broader work aimed at defining qualitative and quantitative guidelines for the design of NZEB kindergartens and elementary schools in the Mediterranean area.

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Zinzi, Michele, Francesca Pagliaro, Stefano Agnoli, Fabio Bisegna, and Domenico Iatauro. "On the Built-Environment Quality in Nearly Zero-Energy Renovated Schools: Assessment and Impact of Passive Strategies." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102799.

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Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) is a crucial issue in school buildings, because of the conditions that pupils and students are exposed to. From this assumption, potentialities of retrofit actions with Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB) targets were analyzed in existing school buildings, focusing on the impact of such measures of IEQ. Numerical analyses in a transient regime for a typical school building were carried out to assess the impacts on the thermal comfort and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). The study took into account several building configurations and three reference cities. The results showed severe overheating risks in retrofitted schools: the operative temperature increased by several degrees with respect to the existing configuration, leading to thermal discomfort for a relevant part of the observation period. Passive techniques, namely external solar protection devices and night ventilative cooling, were applied to assess their mitigation potential. Results showed that the combination of the two solutions restored the pre-retrofit performance. CO2 levels were found to be too high for naturally ventilated buildings, regardless of the building configuration; acceptable levels might be reached only with long opening times of windows, which are unrealistic for real building operation.

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Romano, Giada, Elisa Pennacchia, and Sofia Agostinelli. "Historical analysis and refurbishment proposal of the “Red schools” in Viterbo." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019702003.

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To hinder climate change, EU legislation requires that by 2020 each European state achieves the objectives set by the 2020 Climate and Energy Package. Particular attention is paid not only to new constructed buildings, the so-called Near Zero Energy Buildings, but also to the existing building stock: in Italy in fact, in addition to the National Action Plan to increase the NZEB buildings (PANZEB), the Strategy for Energy Renewal of the National Real Estate Park (STERPIN) is planned. The aim of the thesis work is a primary school built in 1938 within the historical centre of Viterbo. The work touched on three different areas of design: the design of the internal and external spaces, annexed to the school building, finding solutions for a flexible and functional distribution in line with the theories of modern pedagogy, moving from a school of homologation to a school of diversity enhancement. This was joined by a study concerning the original elevations and constructive features, bearers of historical and aesthetic values, which resulted in the proposal for conservative restoration of the Terranova plaster and the original iron-window profiles. Finally, attention was paid to energy upgrading and efficiency, in line with regulatory provisions. The interventions did not only concern the building envelope (through a thermal upgrading of the original iron-windows, the insulation of the flat roof and the indoor thermal coat of the perimeter walls), but also the system (through the replacement of the boiler with a heat pump, integrated with the photovoltaic system placed on the roof, the inclusion of thermostatic valves and lighting design with the replacement of fluorescent lamps with LED ones).

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Belussi, Lorenzo, Ludovico Danza, Matteo Ghellere, Italo Meroni, Francesco Salamone, Arben Shtylla, Etleva Dobjani, and Saimir Shtylla. "Achieving near Zero Energy Building in Albania: An Approach for the Retrofit of a Public-School Building." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131202005.

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Since its introduction in 2010, the nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) concept has known a large diffusion in European countries. Albania, an aspiring candidate country to join the European Union EU, is paving the way towards its introduction by transposing EU directives in the fields of energy efficiency into the national legislation. Most of the national building stock includes buildings with low thermal and energy performance but with high refurbishment potential, too. The country can become an important contributor in the EU decarbonization strategy due to the high percentage of electricity produced by hydropower stations, making it one of the least carbon-intensity countries in the electricity production point of view. The article focuses on the evaluation of the energy performance of an existing school located in Tirana and the potentialities to reach the nZEB target, analysing both the suitable technological solutions and the energy market situation. The Primary Energy Factors PEF for the local electricity market are estimated referring to statistical data and in comparison, with neighbouring countries, Italy and Greece, in order to investigate the potential of the achievement of the nZEB target in Albania.

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Crespo Sanchez, Eva, Juan Ramon Dacosta Diaz, and Konstantinos Kampouropoulos. "Novel Architectural Strategies to Support an nZEB Mediterranean School." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603 (September 18, 2019): 042012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/603/4/042012.

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Mora, T. Dalla, A. Righi, F. Peron, and P. Romagnoni. "Cost-Optimal measures for renovation of existing school buildings towards nZEB." Energy Procedia 140 (December 2017): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.143.

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Ahmed, Kaiser, Tero Hasu, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Actual energy performance and indoor climate in Finnish NZEB daycare and school buildings." Journal of Building Engineering 56 (September 2022): 104759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104759.

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Zinzi, Michele, Francesca Pagliaro, Stefano Agnoli, Fabio Bisegna, and Domenico Iatauro. "Assessing the overheating risks in Italian existing school buildings renovated with nZEB targets." Energy Procedia 142 (December 2017): 2517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.192.

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Karda, Szilárd, Tamás Nagy-György, and József Boros. "Thermal Behaviour Analysis of Complex Joints for an Energy Efficient School Building." Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények 14, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33894/mtk-2021.14.06.

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Abstract Energy-efficient buildings have received increasing attention in recent times as they represent a direction that promotes the objectives of a sustainable, competitive and decarbonized energy policy. In order to meet the minimum requirements of the nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB) the thermal characteristics of the envelope play an important role. The aim of the paper is to present and analyse the thermal behaviour of complex joints for an energy efficient school building, for which the formation of thermal bridges has been reduced by applying improved geometrical and technological solutions. Since most of the thermal bridge catalogues did not provide updated details for the studied joints, numerical calculations, as two-dimensional finite elements thermal simulations, were performed to determine thermal transmittance coefficients and the U-value..

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Berardi, Umberto, Mauro Manca, Pau Casaldaliga, and Felipe Pich-Aguilera. "From high-energy demands to nZEB: the retrofit of a school in Catalonia, Spain." Energy Procedia 140 (December 2017): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.130.

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Testi, Daniele, Michele Rocca, Elena Menchetti, and Simona Comelato. "Criticalities in the NZEB retrofit of scholastic buildings: analysis of a secondary school in Centre Italy." Energy Procedia 140 (December 2017): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.140.

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Marino, Francesco Paolo R., Filiberto Lembo, and Caterina Di Lucchio. "The circular design for a school in conditioned Quercus cerris hardwood glulam." VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.15403.

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The Design for Sustainability of building processes and products is closely connected to Design for Adaptability, to Design for Disassembling and Design for Recycling, in a global perspective of Circular Economy that has at his centre the enhancement of renewable resources in specific environmental contexts, economic, social and cultural. This contribution is part of a research aimed at validating experiences already made in the direction of pre-competitive development, also with the purpose of patenting process and products, with a Cerro Lucano supply chain that could constitute an important environmental protection factor, for social equity and economic development. In a series of previous researches, the application of this new material was hypothesized both in the field of conservation and refurbishment of building heritage, and for new ways of designing new buildings, even of considerable height. In this contribution it refers to its application to the design of a new nZEB school complex in Rionero in Vulture (Potenza), according to the principles of circular design.

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Ahmed, Kaiser, Kalle Kuusk, Henrik Heininen, Endrik Arumägi, Targo Kalamees, Tero Hasu, Nicola Lolli, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Indoor climate and energy performance in nearly zero energy day care centers and school buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102003.

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This study presents the assessment of actual indoor climate condition and energy performance in eight NZEB school and daycare centers of NERO H2020 project. Physical parameters such as indoor temperature, relative humidity, CO2, airflow rate and temperature were measured during heating and cooling seasons, in parallel with an occupants’ questionnaires survey. Besides, calculated and measured energy data was collected from energy performance certificates and energy bills. Thermal comfort and IAQ were assessed based on categories in EN15251 standard with color footprints. Results showed that all the buildings had good or excellent indoor climate during the heating season. However, a large percentage of occupied hours were categorized as category IV during the cooling season, which mainly occurred due to too low indoor temperature caused by the low outdoor temperature during the measurement period. Also, all buildings achieved low CO2 levels. Moreover, the conducted questionaries’ survey showed good correlation with measured results for all buildings except in one building, which had odor and noise problems. In contrast, the measured energy use in 5 buildings out of 7 was increased by factor 2.1-3.0 compared to calculated annual energy use due to a full-time operation of the ventilation system and presence of hot kitchens.

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Gibson, Rosalind S., Karl B. Bailey, Winsome R. Parnell, Noela Wilson, and Elaine L. Ferguson. "Higher risk of zinc deficiency in New Zealand Pacific school children compared with their Māori and European counterparts: a New Zealand national survey." British Journal of Nutrition 105, no. 3 (September 21, 2010): 436–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510003569.

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Few multi-ethnic national surveys have examined Zn nutriture, despite its importance for optimal growth and development during childhood. We assessed the Zn status of urban and semi-urban children aged 5–15 years from three ethnic groups in New Zealand (NZ) in the 2002 Children's National Nutrition Survey and investigated the factors predisposing them to Zn deficiency. In a 10-month cross-sectional survey, Pacific and Māori children were over-sampled permitting ethnic-specific analyses. Anthropometry, serum Zn and Zn intakes via 24 h recalls were measured. Anthropometriczscores were highest in Pacific children. Overall, mean adjusted serum Zn at 11 years was for males and females, respectively: 11·9 (95 % CI 11·5, 12·3) and 12·5 (95 % CI 12·0, 12·9) μmol/l in NZ European and Other (NZEO) children (n395); 11·9 (95 % CI 11·4, 12·4) and 12·0 (95 % CI 11·4, 12·5) μmol/l in Māori children (n379); and 11·5 (95 % CI 11·1, 11·9) and 11·4 (95 % CI 11·1, 11·8) μmol/l in Pacific children (n589). The predictors of serum Zn were age, serum Se and sex for NZEO children; serum Se and age for Pacific children; and none for Māori children. Pacific children had the highest prevalence of low serum Zn (21 (95 % CI 11, 30) %), followed by Māori children (16 (95 % CI 12, 20) %) and NZEO children (15 (95 % CI 9, 21) %). Prevalence of inadequate Zn intakes, although low, reached 8 % for Pacific children who had the lowest Zn intake/kg body weight. Pacific boys but not girls with low serum Zn had a lower mean height-for-agez-score (P < 0·007) than those with normal serum Zn. We conclude that the biochemical risk of Zn deficiency in Pacific children indicates a public health problem. However, a lack of concordance with the risk of dietary Zn inadequacy suggests the need for better defined cut-offs in children.

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Romero-Lara, María Jesús, Francisco Comino, and Manuel Ruiz de Adana. "Seasonal Analysis Comparison of Three Air-Cooling Systems in Terms of Thermal Comfort, Air Quality and Energy Consumption for School Buildings in Mediterranean Climates." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 4436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154436.

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Efficient air-cooling systems for hot climatic conditions, such as Southern Europe, are required in the context of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, nZEB. Innovative air-cooling systems such as regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, RIEC and desiccant regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, DRIEC, can be considered an interesting alternative to direct expansion air-cooling systems, DX. The main aim of the present work was to evaluate the seasonal performance of three air-cooling systems in terms of air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption in a standard classroom. Several annual energy simulations were carried out to evaluate these indexes for four different climate zones in the Mediterranean area. The simulations were carried out with empirically validated models. The results showed that DRIEC and DX improved by 29.8% and 14.6% over RIEC regarding thermal comfort, for the warmest climatic conditions, Lampedusa and Seville. However, DX showed an energy consumption three and four times higher than DRIEC for these climatic conditions, respectively. RIEC provided the highest percentage of hours with favorable indoor air quality for all climate zones, between 46.3% and 67.5%. Therefore, the air-cooling systems DRIEC and RIEC have a significant potential to reduce energy consumption, achieving the user’s thermal comfort and improving indoor air quality.

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Ferrari, Simone, and Carlo Romeo. "Retrofitting under protection constraints according to the nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) target: the case of an Italian cultural heritage’s school building." Energy Procedia 140 (December 2017): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.161.

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Hu, Ming. "ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVE ENERGY RETROFIT STRATEGIES AND RELATED IMPACT ON INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 2 (March 2017): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.2.38.

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1.0. INTRODUCTION In the United States, K–12 school buildings spend more than $8 billion each year on energy—more than they spend on computers and textbooks combined [1]. Most occupied older buildings demonstrate poor operational performance—for instance, more than 30 percent of schools were built before 1960, and 53 percent of public schools need to spend money on repairs, renovations, and modernization to ensure that the schools' onsite buildings are in good overall condition. And among public schools with permanent buildings, the environmental factors in the permanent buildings have been rated as unsatisfactory or very unsatisfactory in 5 to 17 percent of them [2]. Indoor environment quality (IEQ) is one of the core issues addressed in the majority of sustainable building certification and design guidelines. Children spend a significant amount of time indoors in a school environment. And poor IEA can lead to sickness and absenteeism from school and eventually cause a decrease in student performance [3]. Different building types and their IEQ characteristics can be partly attributed to building age and construction materials. [4] Improving the energy performance of school buildings could result in the direct benefit of reduced utility costs and improving the indoor quality could improve the students' learning environment. Research also suggests that aging school facilities and inefficient equipment have a detrimental effect on academic performance that can be reversed when schools are upgraded. [5] Several studies have linked better lighting, thermal comfort, and air quality to higher test scores. [6, 7, 8] Another benefit of improving the energy efficiency of education buildings is the potential increase in market value through recognition of green building practice and labeling, such as that of a LEED or net zero energy building. In addition, because of their educational function, high-performance or energy-efficient buildings are particularly valuable for institution clients and local government. More and more high-performance buildings, net zero energy buildings, and positive energy buildings serve as living laboratories for educational purposes. Currently, educational/institutional buildings represent the largest portion of NZE (net zero energy) projects. Educational buildings comprise 36 percent of net zero buildings according to a 2014 National New Building Institute report. Of the 58 net zero energy educational buildings, 32 are used for kindergarten through grade 12 (K–12), 21 for higher education, and 5 for general education. [9] Finally, because educational buildings account for the third largest amount of building floor space in the United States, super energy-efficient educational buildings could provide other societal and economic benefits beyond the direct energy cost savings for three reasons: 1) educational buildings offer high visibility that can influence community members and the next generation of citizens, 2) success stories of the use of public funds that returns lower operating costs and healthier student learning environments provide documentation that can be used by others, and 3) this sector offers national and regional forums and associations to facilitate the transfer of best design and operational practices.

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Hamilton, Bill. "Maori Education Developments: A Maori Unionist’s View." New Zealand Annual Review of Education, no. 2 (October 25, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/nzaroe.v0i2.854.

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During 1992, many hands seized the chance to paddle the Maori education waka in the primary system.The Maori community continued to establish Kura Kaupapa Maori, immersion and bilingual programmes. Schools increased the involvement of whanau in their activities and generally attempted to improve the quality of Maori education programmes.The National Maori Congress, Te Whakakotahitanga o Nga Iwi o Aotearoa, completed a report that promoted the goal of establishing iwi education authorities. Government established an inquiry into Maori education and directed officials committees to:(a) develop a bold strategy for the protection and promotion of te reo Maori; and(b) develop a comprehensive policy for Maori education.A Maori Education Group to comment on the Minister of Education’s “Vision for Education” was established. Maori government officials and others attempted to co-ordinate an effective Maori voice in education through Te Roopu Whakahaere and Te Roopu Whanui.Tino Rangatiratanga continued its work of co-ordinating, mobilising and politicising Maori in education and challenging the effectiveness of existing or proposed government education policy.Finally, in an atmosphere of government hostility towards unions, the primary teachers’ union, the New Zealand Educational Institute (NZEI) strengthened its philosophies, policies, priorities and practices by:establishing Miro Maori as an integral part of NZEI structures;giving leadership, direction and cohesion to the development of Maori education policies; andensuring that Maori views are included in the activities, developments and changes in the general education system.In putting forward a Maori unionist’s view, there is recognition that during 1992:Maori people put a lot of energy into primary education for the purpose of improving Maori achievement, revitalizing te reo me ona tikanga Maori andstrengthening Maori participation in the education of their children;NZEI, the primary teachers’ union, gave significant support to Maori education developments; andthere was a lot of government activity and stated commitment but their work lacked rigour, direction and coherency.Although many hands paddled the Maori education waka, by the end of 1992, it had made only a minor advance from where it had been in 1991. The waka tended to veer in motion from side to side, backwards and forwards and swirled around in circles rather than tracking forwards towards achieving significant goals. The Matauranga Maori waka clearly lacks strong navigational leadership, and government in particular is paddling against the tide of Maori aspirations...

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Journal articles on the topic 'NZEB schools'

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