Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'NZ'
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1
Wright, Caradee Yael, and n/a. "UVR exposure of NZ schoolchildren." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070817.093312.
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Excess exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the only readily modifiable skin cancer risk factor, and childhood exposure is implicated in melanoma aetiology. To assist the design and evaluation of child sun protection interventions in the school and community context, this first comprehensive study used electronic monitors to record time-stamped, second-by-second UVR exposure of 325 children (from 28 randomly selected New Zealand primary schools) who kept a diary record of concurrent activities and sun-protective practices and completed a sun-related knowledge, attitudes and usual behaviours questionnaire. School principals and Health promoters (HPs) were interviewed about school and community sun protection efforts.
Using the Haddon matrix and Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion to guide research, four potential domains of influence were identified: the physical and social environments, protective products, and host (child). Two key outcomes identified were child UVR exposure and sun-protective practices. A path model was developed where potential influences on these outcomes included school, community, host factors (demographics, skin type, sun-related attitudes, and sun-related knowledge), and pattern of concurrent outdoor activity. Seven specific hypotheses were defined to investigate the effects of host, school and community factors on UVR exposure, sun-protective practices, and sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours.
To test for the effects of host factors, day of the week and activity on UVR exposure and sun-protective practices, linear mixed models containing these factors and interactions between Year level-sex, activity-Year level and activity-sex, accounting for clustering within schools and allowing for repeated measures, were applied. Logistic regression with a random school effect was used to assess differences in scored student questionnaire items. Structural equation modelling was implemented to consider associations between sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, and other explanatory factors for variations in UVR exposure and sun-protective practices.
Three of the seven specific hypotheses were supported. There were statistically significant differences in UVR exposure by sex, skin type, day of the week and activity, and sex-activity and Year level-activity interactions. Passive pursuits were associated with the highest UVR exposure rates compared to outdoor active, travel and unclassified pursuits.
There were statistically significant differences in sun-protective practices by sex, ethnicity and skin type, and sex-activity and Year level-activity interactions. Girls tended to have higher sun protection scores than boys, but were more likely to sunbathe and use sunscreen. Children identifying with Pacific Island ethnicities had higher scores than children with other ethnicities, and children with Fitzpatrick skin types I and II had higher scores than children with skin types III, IV and V.
School and community factors were not associated with UVR exposure, sun-protective practices, sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, but school and HPs� scores were relatively high, reflecting the significant time and effort spent promoting youth sun protection.
Trends for Year level indicated that whereas child sun-related knowledge increased with Year level, attitudes and behaviours supportive of sun protection declined. When considering sun-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours simultaneously, knowledge was only significantly associated with behaviours when mediated by attitudes. The study findings have implications for child sun protection interventions.
2
Campbell, Simon. "Restructuring NZ housing policy, 1990-1998 : an institutional analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8628.
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This thesis examined changes to New Zealand housing policy announced in the 1991 Budget from a neo-institutionalist perspective. Several areas of social policy faced similar reforms, but in most cases entrenched interests (usually some combination of government officials, workers in the field and consumers) forced changes in the implementation process. Housing policy followed the original proposal most closely, which saw a shift from the direct provision of housing to a tenure neutral cash subsidy. Central government agencies related to housing were also reorganised. This disrupted the channels of political influence for NGOs, allowing the Government to implement the restructuring with only minor modifications. However, the intended separation of commercial and social goals was not achieved, as seen most clearly in claims of political interference in Housing New Zealand's management of the state rental housing.
A neo-institutionalist perspective was adopted because traditional theories of the state, social policy and housing were too general to account for variations between areas of social policy, or the shift from incremental to abrupt policy change. The work of Paul Pierson on welfare state retrenchment was a useful starting point for this thesis, but he gave few reasons for his finding that housing policy was the only area successfully retrenched in his four case studies. In the New Zealand context, this thesis found that housing policy's vulnerability to restructuring was a result of political and economic factors. Politically, the new Government had never been a strong supporter of state rental housing, and there was little public support for the existing policy because few people benefited, especially when compared with other areas of social policy such as health and education. Economically, the state's role in the housing market was small, again compared with health or education, so there would be minimal impact from a change in policy.
3
Vasquez, Paco Kantuta Aimara. "Sistema de gestión de riesgos tecnológicos AS/NZ 4360:2004." Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Programa Cybertesis BOLIVIA, 2008. http://www.cybertesis.umsa.bo:8080/umsa/2008/pacajes_cs/html/index-frames.html.
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Batty, R. J. "Fantasia NZ? : the Disneyfication of the New Zealand shopping mall." Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/584.
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Manufactured, experiential, consumption environments are increasingly mimicking the design techniques and principles on display within the Disney theme parks. One particular example of an experiential consumption environment which has been influenced by the Disney-style approach to business is the shopping mall. These commercialized attractions offer a distant alternative, and distraction, to everyday life. The theoretical concept of Disneyization offers insight into what visitors to these manufactured experiential consumption destinations are (assumed to be) searching for - and in-turn receiving. This thesis specifically focuses on 1) the development and design of the New Zealand shopping mall by assessing the extent to which identified elements of the Disney theme parks are replicated within the country's shopping destinations 2) the degree to which experiential consumption environments are being developed within New Zealand. Based upon the review of completed fieldwork, the 'System of Objects' theory proposed by Baudrillard and image association perspectives of Eco are added to the theoretical analysis as a complimentary aside to the Disneyization concept. These works also further highlight the link between experiential consumption environments and those who visit them.
5
Wen, Jewel Ji Yang. "Adult NZ Chinese comparative study of body composition measured by DEXA." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/385.
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Body fat, regional body fat and bone mineral mass, are linked to health conditions such as obesity and osteoporosis. The ethnic comparison of body composition may help to explain and understand the difference of health outcomes and health status in different ethnic groups. NZ Chinese is the largest Asian group in New Zealand, however, knowledge about health risks and body composition for NZ Chinese is very limited. Therefore, the aims of this thesis were: 1) To compare the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (%BF) of European (M29, F37), Maori (M23, F23), Pacific people (M15, F23), and Asian Indian (M29, F25) (existing data) with NZ Chinese aged 30-39 years; 2) To compare fat distribution, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ApSM), bone mineral density (BMD) and limb bone lengths across these five ethnic groups. A convenience sample of healthy NZ Chinese (M20, F23) was selected by BMI to cover a wide range of body fatness. Total and regional body fat, fat free mass (FFM) and bone mineral content were measured by whole-body Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The main study findings were: • For a fixed BMI, NZ Chinese had a higher %BF than European and less %BF than Asian Indian. At a %BF equivalent to a BMI of 30 kg.m-2 in Europeans (WHO threshold for obesity), BMI values for Asian Indian and NZ Chinese women were 5.8 and 2.2 BMI units lower than European, respectively, and for Asian Indian and NZ Chinese men, 8.2 and 3.0 BMI units lower. • Abdominal-to-thigh fat ratio of NZ Chinese was significantly higher than that of European (P<0.001) and similar to that of Asian Indian. NZ Chinese had a significantly higher central-to-appendicular fat ratio than both Asian Indian and European (P<0.001). NZ Chinese was centrally fatter than European and Asian Indian. • For the same height and weight, NZ Chinese had significantly less FFM (-2.1 kg, P=0.039) and ApSM (-1.4kg, P=0.007) than European. NZ Chinese had significantly more FFM (+3.2 kg, P=0.001) than Asian Indian and similar ApSM to Asian Indian. • For the same weight, NZ Chinese had a similar BMD as European for female and male. NZ Chinese male had a higher BMD (+0.07 g.cm-2, P= 0.001) than Asian Indian male. • Among the five ethnic groups, NZ Chinese had the shortest leg (-1.5cm, P=0.016) and arm bone lengths (-2.3cm, P=0.001) (measured by DEXA) for the same DEXA height. Therefore, the relationship between percent body fat and BMI for Asian Indian and NZ Chinese differs from Europeans and from each other, which indicates that different BMI thresholds for obesity may be required for these Asian ethnic groups. Given the relatively high percentage body fat, low appendicular skeletal muscle mass and high central fat to appendicular fat ratio of NZ Chinese aged 30-39 years demonstrated in this study, promotion of healthy eating and physical activity is needed to be tailored for NZ Chinese. The NZ Chinese community should be advised to keep fit, prevent limited movements in older age, and to prevent obesity and obesity-related diseases.
6
McGowan, James Andrew. "Effects of particulate air pollution on cardiorespiratory admissions in Christchurch, NZ." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1265.
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Abstract Objective: In Christchurch there is concern that winter air pollution, dominated by particulate matter (PM₁₀) from domestic heating, causes a local increase in cases of cardiorespiratory disease. Our aim was to investigate whether the particulate levels did influence emergency hospital admissions, and if so to what extent. Method: Air pollution and meteorological data was obtained from a Canterbury Regional Council monitoring station. Two local hospitals provided data on emergency admissions for both adults and children with cardiac and respiratory disorders. All data was obtained for the period from June 1988 to December 1998. Missing PM₁₀ data was interpolated from other known pollution values when necessary. The PM₁₀ data was compared to the admissions data using a time series analysis approach, with weather variables controlled for using a generalised additive model. Results: There was a significant association between PM₁₀ levels and cardiorespiratory admissions. For children and adults combined there was a 3.4% increase in respiratory admissions for every interquartile (14.8 µg/m³) increase in PM₁₀. In adults there was a 1.3 % increase in cardiac admissions for each interquartile increase in PM₁₀. There was no relationship between PM₁₀ levels and appendicitis, the condition that we selected to be our control. Conclusion: In Christchurch there is a significant relationship between particulate levels and the admissions for cardiac and respiratory illnesses. The size of the effect is comparable to other international studies, and the greatest impact is seen on the respiratory system.
7
Caldwell, Donna Marie. "Female entrepreneurship : investigating peripheral tourism SMEs in NI, ROI and NZ." Thesis, Ulster University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.692820.
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This thesis explores female entrepreneurship within peripheral tourism SMEs in NI, ROI and NZ. The research specifically focuses on the characteristics of the female entrepreneur, their motivating factors, barriers encountered and coping mechanisms employed. Female entrepreneurship is a relatively recent research phenomenon, and is regarded as one of the most significant, yet quietest, revolutions of our time. Female-owned tourism SMEs have the potential to contribute social and economic outcomes to peripheral communities in which they are located by offering sustainable solutions to economic and social challenges in terms of providing employment and service; purchasing goods and services from local suppliers and trades at community level; attracting inward investment from those persons seeking a lifestyle change; and adding value to the community as a whole. As a single industry study, the tourism industry has been deliberately selected as an illustrative context for this research due to the low degree of entrepreneurial behaviour that it has traditionally exhibited. Theoretically, underpinning this study is a combination of both traditional teleological (RBV jKBV) entrepreneurial approaches, and emerging pragmatic models of entrepreneurship (effectuation and bricolage). This research appreciates the importance of counterbalancing relationships between 'traditional' and 'emerging' theories. Methodologically, a three-phase, multi-stage and multi-method approach is adopted. An initial exploratory qualitative stage consisted of formulating an online database and shallow case instrument (Phase One). Qualitative exploration is conducted through email/telephone followup constructs utilising the shallow case instrument (Phase Two). Further explanations of pertinent themes are provided through in-depth interviews (Phase Three). Through confirmation, disconfirmation and extension of knowledge, the research makes a number of pertinent theoretical contributions to the areas of RBV/KBV, effectuation, bricolage, female entrepreneurship and to the context of peripheral tourism SMEs. A number of practical recommendations are forwarded for the interest of key stakeholders (Le. government and SME providers). Future studies may consider extending their scope to include other regions and employ a longitudinal approach in their research.
8
Ward, Gerald. "CEO Origin and Performance Consequences: Evidence from New Zealand Firms." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics and Finance, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9663.
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This thesis examines the relationship between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) origin and performance consequences in a New Zealand (NZ) setting. The NZ setting is unique because previous research on this topic is from the United States (US) and in one instance the United Kingdom (UK); and the NZ setting is intriguing because it has four important institutional differences: NZ directors hire outsiders much more frequently than their US and UK counterparts; NZ has no discernible trend in the frequency of outsider appointments over time, whereas the US has a marked upward trend; average CEO tenure in NZ is much shorter than that observed in the US or globally; and CEO succession occurs in relatively small firms. These four differences suggest that the NZ CEO market has some unique dynamics and perhaps unique performance consequences. This thesis fills a gap in our knowledge of executive and director practice in NZ and contributes to the CEO origin debate by analysing a new setting.
Using a hand collected sample of 162 CEO appointments from NZ firms between 1991 and 2008, I find some significant performance differences between insider and outsider CEOs. Outsiders elicit a higher abnormal return around the appointment announcement: the 1-day and the 3-day differentials are approximately 1.2% and 1.7% respectively. In contrast, insiders create more shareholder wealth during their first three years in charge: insiders increase the appointing firm’s market-to-book ratio by approximately 27 percentage points more than outsiders. I also discover that insiders are around 37 percentage points more likely to last at least three years in the job. The main difference between these findings and those from the US and UK is that insiders easily outperform outsiders in the medium term. Also, I document an intuitive finding for grey insiders: grey insiders by definition possess a blend of insider and outsider attributes and perform between insiders and outsiders on all three performance measures. These findings are robust to various controls and subsamples, and there is also some evidence that the market-to-book finding is robust to selection bias.
9
Spriggs, AC, and FD Dakora. "Symbiotic performance of selected Cyclopia Vent. (honeybush) rhizobia under nursery and field conditions." Symbiosis, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001479.
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Abstract
Three newly selected strains of Cyclopia rhizobia together with an inoculant strain, which has never been tested in the field
with adequate experimental design, was assessed under both nursery and field conditions for symbiotic performance. The
three new test strains were initially selected for their superior Nz-fixing abilities under glasshouse conditions, and then
evaluated in this study for field performance. Cyclopia subternata Vogel and Cyclopia genistoides (L.) R. Br., which have
the potential for producing high quality honeybushtea, were used as host plants in both the nursery and field studies.The
effect of seedling inoculation at the nursery level was also examined for the four test strains under nursery conditions. The
inoculation of cuttings under nursery conditions produced.significant increases in shoot biomass, shoot %N and shoot N
content. More specifically, inoculating C. subternata with strains UCT44b and UCT61a significantly increased shoot
biomass and N content relative to strain PPRICI3. Strains UCT44b and UCT61a also showed better nodulation with
C. subternata cuttings compared to strains UCHOa and PPRICI3. Field inoculation of Cyclopia increased all growth
parameters relative to the uninoculated control, except for leaf %N. Cyclopia subternata inoculated with strains UCT44b,
UCT40a and UCT61a produced significantly lower b15N values than the uninoculatedC. subternata reference plant. Using
the 15N natural abundance method, C. subternata was estimated to be gaining about half of its N from Nz fixation, while
C. genistoides obtained less than half of itsN from symbioticnutrition.
10
Bucholtz, Erika. "Henri Hinrichsen und der Musikverlag C. F. Peters : deutsch-jüdisches Bürgertum in Leipzig von 1891 bis 1938 /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2001. http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/rezensionen/NZ-2002-005.
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11
Jiang, Nan. "Efficiency analysis of NZ dairy farming and the issue of climate change policy." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/10210.
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The dairy industry is one of the most important and influential agricultural sector in New Zealand. Ensuring and enhancing the industry's productivity and efficiency represent a fundamental issue in New Zealand economic growth. September 2007, the NZ Labour Government proposed an Emission Trading Scheme as a way to comply with its Kyoto obligation, and it is the first country in the world that brings agricultural sector in. Given the emission intensive nature of dairy production, the industry is facing substantial increases in production costs and reduction in payout. The efficiency performance of dairy farming might also be affected as a result of changing farming practices. The overall objective of the thesis is to analyze the efficiency performance of NZ dairy farming, with implications regarding the climate change issue. Stochastic frontier analysis is applied to a panel of NZ dairy farms in 1998/99-2006/07. The structures of the existing production technology, technological change over time, and difference between South Island and North Island dairy farming are investigated within this stochastic frontier framework. An input efficiency measure is defined and evaluated at the expected cost minimizing input bundle. If the efficiency performance for emission intensive inputs could be improved, dairy farms will decrease their emissions without loss of production or additional costs. This input efficiency measure therefore allows for the combination of a farm's environmental pressure with its economic performance. Finally, the likely impacts of the ETS on dairy industry are discussed through an analysis regarding the point of obligation issue, and an illustration of changing farming practices when fertilizer price goes up as a result of emission charges.
12
Fenaughty, John Joseph. "Challenging risk: NZ high-school students��� activity, challenge, distress, and resiliency, within cyberspace." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/6775.
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Cyberspace, the digital environment produced by the Internet and mobile phones, has become a major developmental context for young people in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ). From 2005, the phenomena of convergence and Web 2.0, enabled more cyber-activity, from more places, more often. The thesis utilised mixed methods to explore cyber-activity, and the challenges it produced. It also examined resilience; focusing on factors associated with successful resolution of distressing challenges. The first phase used eight focus groups (N = 36), as well as literature reviews, to produce a model for understanding cyber-challenge. The second phase deployed a questionnaire, based on aspects of this model, with 1,673 diverse NZ secondary school students. Cyberspace was accessed frequently (at least three or more times a week) by 98.4% of the sample. Participants reported an average of 7.29 (sd = 1.93) categories of cyber-activity annually. Activities classed as ���communicating��� and ���researching��� were most common. At least one cyber-challenge was reported by 67.5% of participants, however, only around half of them reported distress associated with a challenge. By volume, cyberbullying was the most distressing challenge reported (17.6%). Although ignoring was the most common management strategy used across six distressing challenges, it was never positively associated with resolution. On average, 38.3% of participants reported use of social support to manage distressing cyber-challenges. Significant age and gender differences highlighted aspects of adolescent development in cyberspace, for example older adolescents were more likely to report communication, banking, copyright-infringement, timemanagement problems; females reported more communication, phone-cyberbullying, distressing cyberbullying, unwanted sexual solicitation; and males reported more making new friends, dating, gaming, trading, Internetcyberbullying, cyberbullying others, sexual-content exposure, and distressing time-management problems. Logistic regression identified features associated with distressing challenge resolution. Although adult help seeking ability was associated with the resolution of four categories of cyber-challenge, actual adult support (or other social support) was not, suggesting that resiliency depends on the quality of the intervention, not its presence per se. Given the prominent place of social support as an intervention, adults (and peers) need to be equipped to better support young people to manage challenges. Cybersafety programmes should target common distressing challenges first.
13
Galletly, Sharyn. "Frequency and severity of offending by young people in New Zealand: Descriptive analysis and development of a predictive model." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1357.
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Youth offending is an increasingly major problem in many countries and cultures. Several theories imply that a subset of young people display delinquent behaviour at a young age and go on to have an extensive and serious criminal career. Recently, there has been interest in the literature in identifying these young people early on and carrying out interventions in order to deter them from a criminal career. Many studies have examined the development and usefulness of actuarial measures of risk of future violence or recidivism in adult offenders. However, the same attention has not been paid to the youth offender population. The present study gathered data from the population (N = 4307) of all young persons in New Zealand whose antisocial behaviour resulted in a Youth Justice intake from the Department of Child, Youth, and Family (CYF) in 2002. Information was obtained about this population from the CYF database, CYRAS, and from the Police National Intelligence Application database for a stratified random sample (N = 500). Three models were developed using Hierarchical Cox regression to predict recidivism, and they each used a different definition of recidivism. The performance of the models was assessed using ROC analysis and they were found to predict recidivism with a moderately good level of accuracy. A validation sample (N = 500), different from the sample on which the models were developed, was used to further assess the performance of the models by showing that they were able to generalize to a new data set and continue to perform at an adequate level. An actuarial model, like the one developed in the present study, could be used to help make decisions about which young people within the Youth Justice System require intervention in order to reduce the likelihood of subsequent reoffending.
14
Roper, Timothy David Rendall. "NZ and the EU in the Pacific: Renewable Energy as a Mechanism for Development." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8312.
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This thesis aims to undertake an evaluation of the potential for renewable energy to be used as a mechanism for the development of the Pacific region. Further to this, it examines whether NZ and the EU are well placed to contribute to any renewable energy transition in these countries by analysing their internal energy policy documents, policy ties to the Pacific region and previous actions in the renewable energy arena. The Tonga Energy Road Map, a progressive plan for renewable energy implementation, is then investigated in depth to determine its effectiveness thus far and its potential as a model for other Pacific island nations.
15
Crawshaw, Peter John Roberts. "Computers in education : the "HyperEd NZ" courseware series in some New Zealand schools, 1992." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2170.
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This project arose out of a desire to see if computers were starting to fulfil their
potential in engaging higher order thinking skills in pupil users. The.choice of
educational software to evaluate was prompted by the availability of a wide
ranging series of teacher-written, easily-available HyperCard-based
courseware collectively called "HyperEd NZ" for the Apple Macintosh computer.
These titles have been acclaimed overseas, and there are equivalent
HyperCard-like platforms being developed for other computer families.
To establish which titles of this series were being used in New Zealand schools
in 1992, and to what extent their users thought they were achieving worthwhile
learning outcomes a teacher attitude questionnaire was sent out to a number of
schools with Macintosh machines.
It was seen that 20 titles of the 28 had been used in at least one class. One title,
"School Certificate Mathematics" was reported on by seven classes, all to useful
effect.
Other responses showed that in some cases teacher directed activities through
specific tasksheets improved the possibility of positive learning outcomes. A
significant number of titles involved the pupils in elements of simulation,
transferring of knowledge to other work and other higher order thinking skills. In
a few cases less successful learning outcomes could be explained by
unfamiliarity with the then-new computer environment or inadequate direction
from teachers.
Overall, however, the HyperEd series was seen to be well-designed and useful
courseware, providing many useful examples of interesting and worthwhile
supplements or alternatives to other learning experiences.
The titles are good examples of hypertext-based courseware.
This feeling was reinforced by pupil attitude questionnaires and a limited case
study carried out using "Hype-Poet" with two 6th Fom Certificate English classes
using the pre-test and post-test model.
Some of the doubts expressed by teachers regarding the use of HyperCardbased
software were allayed by the study. For instance, the slow response to
buttons noted by many reviewers was not seen as a problem by most pupils,
even on the larger titles such as 'Hyperf-oet". This was especially so if they
were paired and using a suitable task-sheet.
Instructions were sometimes unclear, but never enough to deter learning. The
software was generally 'well-behaved' in the hands of pupils and navigation
tools were sufficient and suitable. Most pupils were in pairs or greater numbers
and in keeping with earlier research the pairs and trios seemed to achieve
higher learning outcomes than individuals.
Pupils tended to see the courseware as better tha.n an equivalent textbook, .
while teachers were more circumspect in this comparison. Some gender
differences were found in the copmpletion of tasks and pupils' opinions of the
programme. Females tended to complete the tasks set more often and males
were more inclined to be critical of the programme look and feel.
Both teachers and pupils found the courseware highly motivational - many
mentioning the novelty or innovative factors.
16
Rogers, Emma Jyoti. "Development and evaluation of the New Zealand children’s-build-a-sentence test (NZ Ch-BAS)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9433.
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Objective: The purpose of this current study was to develop an audiovisual speech perception test for New Zealand English (NZE) speaking children by adapting the American version of the Children’s-Build-A-Sentence (Ch-BAS) test. Three hypotheses were formulated for this study. First, it was predicted that the New Zealand version of the Ch-BAS test would show list equivalency. A second hypothesis was that all children would perform significantly better on the auditory-visual (AV) condition of the test in comparison to the vision-only (V-only condition). A third hypothesis was that older children would perform significantly better than younger children on both test conditions.
Design: The American version of the Children’s-Build-A-Sentence test was adapted for use with NZ children and an audiovisual recording was made of an adult NZE speaker saying the sentence stimuli. This was then edited into a picture response matrix format to make up the NZ Ch-BAS test which is comprised of three lists made up of mono, bi, and tri-syllabic words. Equal numbers of sentences were allocated to the three test conditions: auditory-only (A-only), V-only, and AV conditions. The NZ Ch-BAS test was then administered to 30 normal hearing (NH) NZE-speaking children aged between 7-11 years with equal numbers (n=6) in each age group. All testing was conducted in the presence of multi-talker babble noise, set individually for each child to obtain approximately equivalent performance for the A-only condition.
Results: Results revealed that the NZ Ch-BAS test lists were equivalent for both the V-only and AV test conditions when testing NH children. A significant age effect was also found, where older children showed superior speech reading performance in comparison to younger children. A stronger age effect was seen for the V-only condition in comparison to the AV condition. All children performed significantly better on the AV condition in comparison to the V-only condition.
Conclusions: The three Ch-BAS test lists demonstrate list equivalency and therefore can be used to develop a reliable test for NZ-English speaking children. As anticipated, there was an age effect in regard to speech reading performance; however this effect was only found for the V-only condition. All children performed significantly better on the AV condition in comparison to the V-only condition. A number of possible explanations for superior performance are provided and clinical uses for the NZ Ch-BAS test are discussed.
17
Candish, Maree. "The potential of the People's Republic of China as a market for NZ radiata products." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Forestry, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10721.
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It is concluded from a review of literature that there is a large end increasing demand for forest products in Chino which
domestic supply is unable to meet. Indications ore that continuing
economic reform will allow exporters to supply a substantial part
of the predicted deficit of over 200 million m³ in 2000.
There is, and will be, a market for relatively unprocessed
products such as logs and wood pulp. A market for more processed
products is also expected to develop due to an industrial
infrastructure which is inadequate to meet increased processing
requirements.
However competition from other exporters with greater
resources and government support for market development will be
strong. Discussion with people involved in wood product marketing
in NZ indicated that only the largest forest product companies are
pursuing the Chinese market. Continued co-operation between NZ
exporters with be important to make the most of limited resources.
Although the option of investment in Chinese wood processing
facilities is not favoured by NZ exporters at present, it is
recommended to ensure a continued market for NZ radiata products.
18
Hsu, Patricia. "Development of a New Zealand version of the World Health Organisation of Quality of Life Survey (WHOQOL) instrument." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/978.
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Research on health related Quality of Life (QoL) is valuable in developing health policy, assessing medical treatment outcomes and social sciences. Different QoL measurement instruments reflect different facets, and some QoL assessment tools are culturally insensitive. This study examines the existing WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organisation Quality of Life) 26-item instrument for its suitability for use in New Zealand studies. It focuses on seeking facets of QoL of particular importance to New Zealand culture upon which New Zealand national items may be constructed and included when using the WHOQOL-BREF in studies in New Zealand. In order to achieve this goal, the project involved four sub-studies: verifying the existing WHOQOL response scale descriptors; conducting focus groups to elicit new areas or facets of QoL peculiar and particular to New Zealanders; examining the stability of the WHOQOL-BREF importance scale test-retest reliability; and conducting a national survey to assess what facets of QoL are most important to New Zealanders upon which national items may be developed and the national importance survey. The verification of response scale showed good correspondence with the standard English WHOQOL version. A total of 46 candidate importance items were generated from 12 focus groups’ discussions. Test/retest reliability revealed that the existing WHOQOL-Importance questionnaire items were more stable over a three week period, better than several of the new candidate importance items. Two thousand questionnaires asking what is important to New Zealand were sent out to the NZ general population and 585 returned. Results revealed that what is important varies across age, gender and health states. Twenty-four national items were developed from the national importance data. The study confirmed that what is considered as important facets of QoL varies within New Zealand and that there are facets that are important to New Zealanders not in the existing WHOQOL-BREF.
19
Pellegrino, Juan M., and n/a. "Strategy, learning and knowledge in the internationalisation process : a comparative study of NZ incremental and early-internationalising SMEs." University of Otago. Department of Marketing, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090826.101221.
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Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which represent around 95% or more of the total number of enterprises in many countries, are often considered critical for a country's economy because of their effects on economic output and their contribution to overall employment. However, as a result of globalisation and the deregulation of the New Zealand economy, SMEs in this country have been faced with the need to internationalise in order to grow because of increased domestic competition. Moreover, when they make their move to offshore markets they also face fierce competition. Hence, it is in this largely integrated and competitive global marketplace that it becomes critical for smaller firms to learn about international business to succeed. Therefore, this thesis aimed to understand and explain how internationalising NZ SMEs learn and develop knowledge throughout their internationalisation process.
To frame this problem an extensive review of the literature on internationalisation, organisational knowledge and organisational learning was conducted. This assessment revealed a gap related to the evolution of learning and knowledge in SMEs' internationalisation process. It also identified the incremental and born-global internationalisation types, two more common and distinctive internationalisation paths that SMEs follow. The literature described the several common forms of knowledge that played more or less critical roles in these firms' internationalisation. Furthermore, extant research also stated that experiential learning and other learning processes were important for the internationalisation of these firms but it did not delve into the development of these learning processes over time. Finally, the evaluation of the knowledge and learning literatures identified three most distinctive and important forms of knowledge that organisations develop as a result of several learning processes.
Anchored on the research problem and the specific research questions, derived from the literature review, and framed by a post-positivist worldview, this study developed a methodology that combined theory building, process-based research and case studies to address the problem. More specifically, the methodology involved the selection of and collection of historical, or retrospective, data from eight cases, four incremental and four early-internationalising firms. The data collected through interviews and document analysis was examined using different process analysis techniques.
This research has found that there were important differences in the incremental and early-internationalising firms' learning and knowledge during their creation. Furthermore, the early-internationalising firms identified and implemented an internationalisation strategy from the beginning. Thus, the knowledge about international markets and products acquired through congenital learning and their initial intention to offer their products offshore allowed the early-internationalising firms to expand internationally from their creation or soon after. In contrast, the incremental firms only decided to internationalise after they learned from their experience in their domestic market that they had a successful product that had international potential. Besides their initial internationalisation strategy, or lack of it, and knowledge, other factors, such as firm resources, product and industry characteristics and previous learning and knowledge, influenced these firms' subsequent internationalisation strategy, learning and knowledge.
Publication associated with this thesis: Pellegrino, J. (2005) Organisational Learning Processes in Internationalising Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: a Comparison between Traditional and Born-Global firms. Udevalla Symposium & McGill International Entrepreneurship Conference, Udevalla, Sweden, September 2005.
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Allen, Clifford. "The Caring Face of Business? The Discursive Construction of the New Zealand Businesses for Social Responsibility (NZ BSR) Organisation." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2614.
Full textAbstract:
In 2008 the use of the term Business Social Responsibility (BSR) is now seen, in New Zealand at least, as being old fashioned. The field of BSR has been overwhelmed by the terminology of sustainability. In 1998, however, BSR in NZ was a new, exciting, and controversial development. The progression from BSR to sustainability is often presented as natural and inevitable but this thesis argues that BSR and sustainability in New Zealand arose from different roots and most of the key people who became involved in the NZ BSR organisation did so for reasons that were substantially different from the driving rationale of sustainability. Further, not all of those NZ BSR pioneers consider the current focus on sustainability to be a natural outgrowth of what they were trying to achieve through BSR. This thesis applies critical discourse analysis to interview transcripts and archived documents to examine the competing discourses surrounding the formation of the NZ BSR organisation in New Zealand up until the time of its merger to form the Sustainable Business Network. The NZ BSR organisation was seen by some as primarily a reaction to the prevailing hegemony of the ideas of the neo-liberal New Zealand Business Round Table (NZBRT). The NZ BSR philosophy did not necessarily challenge the neo-liberal inspired reforms of the previous fourteen years but did offer an alternative way for businesses to react to the new environment they found themselves in.
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Thompson, Christopher J. "AN ANALYSIS OF VARIABLE EFFECTS ON A THEORETICAL MODEL OF THE ELECTROSPIN PROCESS FOR MAKING NANOFIBERS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1166104648.
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Tipples, Rosemary V. "Half a World Away: Contemporary Migration from the European Union to Canterbury, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/905.
Full textAbstract:
As a traditional country of immigration, New Zealand has often looked outside of its borders for its population composition and as a result 19 percent of New Zealand's current population were born overseas. In recent times, immigration has been used by successive governments as a means of countering severe skills shortages and off-setting a declining birth rate. While attention in the media, public and to some extent in academic circles has been largely focused on the increasing volume of immigrants to New Zealand from Asian countries, migration from Europe has often been overlooked and yet it remains an important component of the New Zealand's migration flows. This thesis explores this stream of migration - from the member states of the European Union to New Zealand - by examining the specific case study of contemporary European Union migration to the Canterbury region, incorporating migrants who live, work and study in Canterbury. The thesis used surveys and in-depth interviews in addition to secondary data to investigate the composition of the European Union migrant population in Canterbury, as well as exploring the motivations and experiences of these migrants. Conceptualising the motivations of contemporary migrants from the EU to New Zealand is difficult, due to a multiplicity of theories and frameworks surrounding the topic of migration. As such, this thesis suggests a three level framework drawn from in order to better understand the motivations of target population. Although the experiences of the surveyed migrants were largely positive, some difficulties were noted, particularly while seeking work and building friendships with New Zealanders. Finally, this thesis proposes a number of recommendations at a policy and academic level which may assist in furthering understandings of the important but often ignored group of European Union migrants in New Zealand.
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Dance, Karyn Maria. "The implementation of activity-based costing at Norwich Union Life Insurance (NZ) Limited and Nelson Marlborough Health Services Limited : a comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accounting and Information Systems, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2720.
Full textAbstract:
Since the introduction of activity-based costing (ABC), researchers have identified
situations where its implementation is deemed appropriate. Furthermore, a framework
for implementation has been recommended. Additionally, it is suggested that the
likelihood of installation failure increases when accounting staff sponsor the
implementation of ABC, but Cotton (1994) did not find evidence to support this
prediction. This indicates that the body of knowledge concerning the successful
implementation process of ABC is incomplete. Consequently, two case studies on
organisations that implemented ABC, Norwich Union Health Insurance (NZ) Limited
(Norwich) and Nelson Marlborough Health Services Limited (NMH), were conducted
to expand the existing body of knowledge of the implementation of ABC. The
behavioural issues relating to individuals' reactions to the implementation ofABC were
also examined.
A number of anomalies between the existing body of knowledge and these practical
examples of the implementation of ABC were found. In both cases, the decisions made
prior to implementation and the installation processes used at these firms deviated from
those recommended. Additionally, a number of previously unspecified symptoms
indicating that a firm's costing system required alteration were identified. Similarly,
additional reasons for implementing ABC were detected. Furthermore, the
recommended methods for minimising individuals' reactions to change did not appear
to be effective at NMH.
Despite the lack of generalisability and other limitations of this research, the body of
knowledge concerning the implementation of ABC has been expanded and areas for
further research have been recommended.
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Rees-Jones, Anna Margaret, and margaretrj@optusnet com au. "The pioneering press of Poverty Bay : 1872-1914." RMIT University. Applied Communication, 2004. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091215.165142.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the significance of the newspaper press in a settler society, in this case Poverty Bay on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. It examines the circumstances of such a society's communications needs and problems, and its demographic structure. It also looks at the changing patterns of journalism in nineteenth century New Zealand and elsewhere and, importantly, printing's technological progress as it affected a provincial newspaper. Remoteness was a dominating feature of the Poverty Bay district and European settlement was slow to develop. The consequence was twofold: institutions, such as the church, the press and the school, were already well-established in New Zealand by the time this second frontier region began to attract much attention - in the case of the press this meant an interconnectedness from the outset, with ideas and staff emanating from established New Zealand circles - and communication difficulties caused by isolation. Poverty Bay's first newspaper, the Poverty Bay Standard, began in 1872, more than thirty years after New Zealand's first newspaper, the New Zealand Gazette. The 1870s saw a clamour of activity. This was reflected in the district's press, not only within its pages, but also with considerable competition and changing of ownership. Eventually one newspaper, the Poverty Bay Herald, succeeded where all others failed. The Poverty Bay Herald has remained in the hands of one family since experienced printer Allan Ramsay Muir became part-owner in 1884. Thus, the family and the community have been intertwined for one hundred and twenty years. Good provincial newspapers provide a cohesive element in their society or they do not succeed. The Poverty Bay Herald initially survived through luck and useful friends but it became a beacon for its community in that it reflected success and modernity. Many others attempted to dislodge it or share the stage, but the Poverty Bay Herald played, and still plays, a significant role as the former 'out district' stabilized and advanced.
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Cutler-Naroba, Maree. "Child Abuse Prevention in New Zealand: Legislative and Policy Responses Within An Ecological Framework." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2514.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that one way New Zealand's high prevalence of child abuse can be reduced is by the government increasing the legislative and policy responses within an ecological framework, to child abuse prevention. This is because such responses would ensure a 'best practice' approach to child abuse prevention. This 'best-practice' approach is one where child abuse prevention measures are community-driven, child-centred, multi-disciplinary and inter-sectoral. Section 1 of this thesis will provide a background on the different types of child abuse, why child abuse occurs and what the consequences of child abuse are. This section will also cover some current statistics on the incidences of child abuse in New Zealand. Additionally, there is a discussion on how child abuse is increasingly being minimised within a family violence paradigm - even though family violence is only one form of child abuse. New Zealand does not have a good track record when it comes to its rates of child abuse. Section 1 is intended to give the reader a very clear picture of how children in New Zealand are not currently being protected adequately enough from child abuse. This protection should be coming from the adults in their lives, in their community and in their nation. Section 2 of this thesis outlines an ecological framework for child abuse prevention. More specifically the way in which such an ecological model is operating presently in New Zealand, at particularly an exosystem (community) and macrosystem (national) level. The second part of this section discusses factors which will ensure the 'success' of an ecological framework for child abuse prevention. By 'success' the author is referring to a framework in which the primary outcome is the prevalence of child abuse in New Zealand is reducing. Section 3 of this thesis will contain the substantive arguments of this paper. New Zealand does currently have in place legislative and policy responses to child abuse prevention. However, the author maintains these responses to date have not been sufficient because New Zealand's rates of child abuse continue to escalate. This section consists of 19 recommendations of legislative and policy responses that could be implemented at a macrosystem/national level. At the conclusion of the recommendations contained in this thesis, it becomes clear that the government does need to respond urgently to New Zealand's growing child abuse rates. New Zealand can no longer afford to have a reactive, ad-hoc approach to child abuse. Nor can the response at a macro level continue to be one of rhetoric where there is more talk on child abuse prevention than there is on activating, monitoring and funding practical solutions. It is the author's contention that if the government considered the interests and welfare of children as paramount in legislative and policy decisions that relate to children, then this will send a strong and clear signal to the adults in childrens' lives that children are not to be abused. Instead, children are to be nurtured, respected and cherished in every way.
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Metasch, Frank. "Die Einwanderung und Integration von Exulanten in Dresden während des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-27743.
Full textAbstract:
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, anhand des Beispiels der Residenzstadt Dresden die von der Forschung bislang nur in groben Zügen erschlossene Einwanderung habsburgischer Konfessionsflüchtlinge in Kursachsen während des 17. und der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts zu untersuchen. Hierzu wurde vor allem zwei grundsätzlichen Fragen nachgegangen: Zum einen sollte die in Dresden feststellbare Einwanderung in ihrer Genese nachvollzogen und auf quantitative wie qualitative Umbrüche hin analysiert werden. Und zum anderen war die beschriebene Migration in die obrigkeitliche Aufnahme- und Integrationspolitik einzubetten, wozu eine Konzentration auf die drei Themenkreise der rechtlichen, wirtschaftlichen und kirchlichen Integration erfolgte.
Im Gegensatz zu dem in der Sekundärliteratur wiedergegebenen Bild der Exulanten als einer recht homogenen Gruppe zeigte es sich, dass diese sehr wohl differenziert werden können und müssen. So handelte es sich bei der von circa 1600 bis 1730 stattgefundenen Einwanderung um keine gleichförmige Bewegung, sondern diese wies einen stark wellenförmigen Charakter auf – wobei die einwanderungsintensiven und -schwachen Zeiträume der jeweiligen Emigrationsentwicklung in den habsburgischen Territorien folgten.
Während der verschiedenen Migrationswellen der zwanziger und dreißiger Jahre des 17. Jahrhunderts wandten sich circa 200 bis 250 Familien nach Dresden, die insgesamt etwa 1000 Personen umfassten. Zwischen 1650 und 1730 – mit besonders einwanderungsstarken Wellen in den 1650er-, 1680er- und 1720er-Jahren – ließen sich vermutlich noch einmal weitere 2000 Personen nieder. Da ein nicht näher bestimmbarer, aber nicht unbedeutender Teil der Einwanderer die Stadt aus rechtlichen, finanziellen oder konfessionellen Gründen wieder verlassen musste, kann die zwischen 1600 und 1730 erfolgte Gesamteinwanderung nur grob auf etwa 2000 bis 2500 Personen geschätzt werden. Wenn dabei die böhmische Einwanderung eindeutig dominierte, so lassen sich gleichwohl Exulanten aus Österreich, Mähren, Schlesien und Ungarn nachweisen.
Hinsichtlich der Sozialstruktur der Migranten ist eine deutliche Zäsur für das Ende des Dreißigjährigen Krieges festzustellen. Gehörten die Einwanderer der 1620er- und 30er-Jahre vorrangig den gesellschaftlichen Mittel- und Oberschichten an, so verschob sich die Sozialstruktur seit 1650 immer stärker zu den städtischen und ländlichen Unterschichten. Charakteristisch für diese Zäsur ist zudem die jeweilige Muttersprache der Einwanderer: Immigrierten während des Dreißigjährigen Krieges vorrangig deutschsprachige Exulanten, überwogen danach die tschechischsprachigen.
Ohne dass auf die jeweils individuellen Emigrationsentscheidungen eingegangen werden konnte, offenbarte allein der Blick aus der Makroperspektive, dass die unter dem Topos ‚Exulanten’ zusammengefasste Migration nicht nur auf konfessionelle Motive reduziert werden kann. Gab auch bei einem Großteil der Einwanderer das Bekenntnis zu ihrem Glauben den initiierenden Anlass zur Auswanderung, zeigten doch einige Migrationswellen deutlich andere Ursachen. Während sich etwa die Anfang bis Mitte der 1620er-Jahre erfolgte adlige und bürgerliche Einwanderung noch vorrangig politisch motiviert erwies, kamen seit den 1650er-Jahren bei vielen Migranten verstärkt wirtschaftliche Motive hinzu. Da jedoch die Einwanderer ihre Migration auf konfessionelle Ursachen zurückführen mussten, um sich in Kursachsen oder speziell in Dresden niederlassen zu dürfen, prägte der religiöse Aspekt von Anfang an den offiziellen Einwanderungsdiskurs und übertrug sich von diesem auf die Fremdwahrnehmung der Gesamteinwanderung.
Die in der traditionellen Forschungsliteratur, aus konfessioneller Solidarität heraus, beschriebene bereitwillige Aufnahme der Einwanderer in Kursachsen konnte empirisch nicht nachvollzogen werden. Vielmehr stellte die in den zwanziger Jahren des 17. Jahrhunderts einsetzende Massenimmigration die weltlichen und geistlichen Zentralbehörden vor eine in dieser Dimension bisher unbekannte Situation, für die keine einheitliche politische Richtlinie existierte. Erst im Lauf der Zeit entwickelten sich aus anfänglichen Einzelfallentscheidungen allmählich Grundsatzbestimmungen, die beständig dem sich modifizierenden Einwanderungsgeschehen angepasst werden mussten. Zudem standen die Behörden den Migranten in politischer wie konfessioneller Hinsicht lange Zeit äußert skeptisch gegenüber.
Kurfürst Johann Georg I., der mit der Aufnahme der in Sachsen politisch und konfessionell unter Generalverdacht stehenden Migranten die militärische Sicherheit seiner wichtigsten Landesfestung bedroht sah, wollte deren Einwanderung in Dresden eigentlich so weit wie möglich unterbinden. Innerhalb weniger Jahre zeigte sich jedoch, dass es an den hierzu geeigneten Kontroll- und Exekutionsmöglichkeiten mangelte. Trotz der restriktiv gehandhabten Aufnahmepolitik entwickelte sich Dresden bereits in den 1620er-Jahren zu einem der kursächsischen Einwanderungszentren.
Aufgrund der politischen und konfessionellen Vorbehalte waren die Behörden bestrebt, die Einwanderer so schnell wie möglich rechtlich und kirchlich zu integrieren, um so die notwendige Kontrolle über sie zu gewährleisten. Von den Exulanten wurde daher regelrecht gefordert, sich mittels der Annahme des Bürgerrechts an den Landesherrn und die Stadt Dresden zu binden. Zudem waren sie verpflichtet, sich in die bestehenden Kirchgemeinden zu integrieren, um dort nicht nur konfessionell von der Dresdner Geistlichkeit überwacht werden zu können. Im Gegensatz zur bisherigen Forschungsmeinung hoffte der Großteil der Dresdner Exulanten während des Dreißigjährigen Krieges nicht darauf, in die Heimat zurückzukehren, und verwehrte sich aus diesem Grund seiner Integration, sondern die meisten Einwanderer wollten sich in der kursächsischen Residenz eine neue Existenz aufbauen und zeigten eine entsprechend hohe Eingliederungsbereitschaft.
Wenn sich hinsichtlich der Integrationspolitik die landesherrlichen und städtischen Interessen größtenteils deckten, so wiesen sie doch auch deutliche Unterschiede auf. Für den Dresdner Rat gestaltete sich die Eingliederung der Migranten – insbesondere im rechtlichen und ökonomischen Bereich – weitaus komplexer und konkreter als für den Landesherrn. Obwohl immer wieder städtische Forderungen laut wurden, die politischen Richtlinien den sich verändernden Bedingungen anzupassen, ging die landesherrliche Ebene oftmals nur mit einer spürbaren zeitlichen Verzögerung darauf ein. Insgesamt gesehen existierte somit auch keine starre Integrationspolitik, sondern diese blieb einem stetigen Entwicklungsprozess unterworfen.
Als größte Schwierigkeit erwies sich jedoch, dass nicht jeder integrationsbereite Einwanderer auch über die notwendigen Voraussetzungen zur Eingliederung verfügte. Um das Ziel einer umfassenden Kontrolle und Disziplinierung umzusetzen, sah sich die obrigkeitliche Seite gezwungen, den Einwanderern mit speziellen Integrationsangeboten entgegenzukommen – was sich bei allen drei untersuchten Themenkreisen nachvollziehen lässt:
1. Der rechtliche Bereich: Weil vielen Exulanten die rechtlichen und finanziellen Voraussetzungen fehlten, um das geforderte Bürgerrecht erwerben zu können, mussten ihnen Zugeständnisse eingeräumt werden. Hierzu zählen unter anderem das Privileg, nur die Schutzverwandtschaft anzunehmen, sowie die seit spätestens 1660 verringerten rechtlichen Zugangsbedingungen zur Einbürgerung.
2. Wirtschaftlicher Bereich: Ohne den Besitz des Bürgerrechts durften die Einwanderer keinem bürgerlichen Gewerbe nachgehen, sodass ihnen auch hier entgegenzukommen war. Da sich die obrigkeitlichen Versuche, ihnen außerhalb des Zunftzwangs den Zugang zu den Innungen zu gewährleisten, als nicht umsetzbar erwiesen, mussten ihnen wiederum die Zugangsvoraussetzungen zum Bürgerrecht erleichtert werden.
3. Kirchlicher Bereich: Von jedem Einwanderer wurde gefordert, sich streng an die lutherische Orthodoxie zu halten und regelmäßig an Gottesdiensten und Abendmahl teilzunehmen. Während es hierbei mit den in den 1620er- und 1630er-Jahren eingewanderten deutschsprachigen Migranten keine Schwierigkeiten gab – konnten diese sich doch in die bestehenden Kirchgemeinden integrieren und waren so durch Pfarrer und Superintendent kontrollierbar – funktionierte dieses System bei den seit etwa 1640 einwandernden tschechischsprachigen Exulanten nicht mehr. Um auch hier einen kontrollfreien Raum zu vermeiden, wurde den fremdsprachigen Einwanderern zugestanden, unter der Führung eines zuverlässigen lutherischen Geistlichen muttersprachliche Gottesdienste abzuhalten.
Die Integrationsangebote waren letztendlich zwar stärker an den Interessen der Obrigkeit und der Aufnahmegesellschaft als an denen der Einwanderer ausgerichtet, besaßen aber doch für beide Seiten überaus positive Folgen. Die Exulanten wurden nicht in eine gesellschaftliche Randlage gedrückt oder sogar ausgegrenzt, sondern sie wurden in verschiedenen Teilbereichen vollwertig integriert, was es ihnen erleichterte, sich eine neue Existenz aufzubauen. Für die Obrigkeit wiederum konnte mit der Integration der Exulanten die Entstehung kontrollfreier Räume verhindert werden, und sowohl das Land als auch die Stadt Dresden profitierten wirtschaftlich von den Immigranten – sei es nun als Konsumenten, Steuerzahler, qualifizierte Handwerker oder billige Lohnarbeiter.
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Wise, Stuart Leslie. "Variations on the Loops: An investigation into the use of digital technology in music education in secondary schools." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Teacher Education, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8485.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines how nine teachers in four New Zealand secondary schools are using digital technology in music education in order to gain a greater understanding of how it is used, why it is used and what constraints may exist that hinder implementation. This thesis contends that although there was evidence of considerable use of digital technology in the schools, particularly in composition activities, a range of factors are influencing the choices teachers are making as to how they are using it. Despite the potential digital technology may have to transform classroom activities in music education, usage, in most cases, remains fundamentally conservative and heavily informed by traditional Western art music practices.
A multi-site case study approach guided this investigation. Initial descriptive numerical data were gathered from teacher and student questionnaires. Further data came from the semi-structured interviews with teachers and small groups of students in each of the four cases. Findings from the data showed that although the teachers participating in the study had a range of digital technology available to them and they made use of it on a regular basis, a range of factors influenced the choices they made when using it in their classrooms.
Amongst this range of factors influencing the choices they made, the most important appeared to be the requirements of an external examination system that is remains informed by Western art music practices and in particular on the cognitive dimensions of analysis, harmony, music history, traditional aural skills and an understanding of music notation and theory. Even though there are specific references to a range of styles and genres in the mandated national curriculum, Western art music practices remain most important to most of the teachers.
Findings from the student data showed that the students participating in this study appeared to have a high level of digital literacy and were able to use digital technology in both formal and informal learning situations. A number of the students also discussed and demonstrated their informal music learning skills in performance and composition activities. For these students, contemporary music practices are very important to them and if they do not receive the information they need at school they know how to access it using a range of digital devices in an informal learning environment. This thesis contends that to be a successful music educator in the 21st century, the ability to work with Western art music practices and contemporary music practices is becoming an increasingly important skill.
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Kirk, Maree Louise. "Wellbeing for children with a disability in New Zealand: A search for meaning by Maree Kirk." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2416.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the meaning of wellbeing for children with a disability in New Zealand, an area of social policy that has been largely unexamined. Focusing on the school environment, three questions are addressed: What does wellbeing mean for children with a disability? What factors influence it? Are current policy frameworks which address child wellbeing relevant to the wellbeing of children with a disability? The research involved qualitative data collection from nine purposively selected participants: children with a disability, their parents and key informants involved in service provision and policy development. A critical review of international and national literature on definitions of wellbeing and disability, and on existing data sources, is followed by a socio-demographic profile of children with a disability in New Zealand. Qualitative findings are interpreted in relation to current New Zealand social policy initiatives and frameworks - New Zealand's Agenda for Children, the Whole Child Approach and the Key Settings Model - as well as the theoretical perspectives of social solidarity, wellbeing, the ecological theory of human development and discourses of disability. Findings indicate that the concept of wellbeing as applied to all New Zealand children is also relevant to children with a disability. The difference however, lies in the factors which ultimately influence whether the various dimensions of wellbeing will actually be experienced by children with a disability. For these children, communication as a dimension of wellbeing for example, is influenced by language skill acquisition, which in turn depends upon allocation of appropriate and adequate resourcing of the child's learning environment. The conclusion drawn is that policy frameworks, principles and social indicators addressing child wellbeing, are inconsistently applied with regard to children with a disability. New Zealand's Agenda for Children which promotes an ecological approach to child wellbeing would benefit from further adaptation to reflect the needs of this specific child population. The notion of wellbeing for children with a disability needs further development for the purpose of knowledge building, and to ensure clearer articulation between processes of policy development, service provision, and resource allocation.
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Gabriel, Uta. "Transport réactif de l'uranyle : mode de fixation sur la silice et la goethite ; expériences en colonne et réacteur ferme ; simulations." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10026.
Full textAbstract:
Des sites de stockage des dechets miniers et d'anciens terrains militaires, etc. Contiennent des sols contamines par l'uranium. Cette etude porte sur l'identification des mecanismes qui peuvent conduire les sols contamines a devenir un risque de pollution soudaine pour les eaux souterraines et de surface. Les mecanismes ont ete etudies a deux echelles sur des materiaux modeles. A l'echelle moleculaire, la complexation de l'uranyle a des concentrations traces a ete etudiee avec de la silice amorphe. Il a ainsi ete montre que la complexation a lieu via la formation de complexes de surface, qui ont ete identifies a l'aide de spectres et de durees de vie de la luminescence induite par laser pulse, et qui ont ete modelises par leurs differentes stoechiometrie. A l'echelle macroscopique, le transport de l'uranyle dans le systeme crostobalitegeothite-carbonate-uranyle a ete etudie par des experiences en colonnes et en reacteurs fermes. La mobilite de l'uranium est controlee par l'interaction entre le transport physique et la reaction de fixation. Cette reaction est reversible mais son taux cinetique est souvent limitant. La sorption est un ensemble de reactions de complexation en solution et en surface qui conduit a un isotherme d'adsorption apparent non-lineaire de type langmuir. Finalement, l'impact d'une brusque variation des conditions geochimiques a ete etudie. Les conditions qui provoquent une importante mobilisation de l'uranium a partir de systemes faiblement contamines ont ete identifiees experimentalement. Les concentrations maximales en uranyle observees sont controlees par la quantite totale d'uranyle contenue dans le systeme et sont limitees par sa solubilite. L'evolution des conditions geochimiques joue donc un role important dans l'evaluation des risques lies aux sites contamines.
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Stevenson, Liz. "Personalised Learning in a Web 2.0 environment." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2377.
Full textAbstract:
21st century schools face significant challenges as they move towards providing opportunities for learners which recognize and build on their strengths and abilities. The process of supporting young people to develop the desire and the confidence to recognise personal potential and to manage their ongoing learning is a priority. Communication and collaboration are key to learners becoming informed active participants in their own learning and experiencing successful outcomes in today's society. Our old models of learning where pre packaged parcels of knowledge were delivered to students by teachers will no longer suffice. As we respond to the new meaning of knowledge in the 21st century and begin to view knowledge as an active process, it is clear that many of the top down structures and organisational practices present in New Zealand secondary schools need change. The idea of personalisation in order to support independent learners to reach their potential is a familiar one for many teachers and is one of the ideals which may have brought them into the teaching profession. However, the institutional contexts in which they operate can act not as a driving force for personalised learning but as a barrier to it. In seeking to find one possible way in which secondary school systems can be re shaped around the needs of the learner, this study examines the role of online mentoring with experts outside the school. This small scale qualitative study uses ethnographic methods to gather data from twelve secondary school year thirteen physical education students and their teacher as they engage in an eight week online project with expert sports coaches at Auckland University of Technology. Eleven of the students were boys. In examining the impact which online mentoring might have on this group of learners and their teacher, rich data was collected via web transcripts, observation, image data and interviews. The research findings reveal that students found a high degree of satisfaction with the process and placed value on having the opportunity to pursue personalised goals as they worked with mentors in a collaborative online environment. Teacher behaviour and practice underwent change in the project with the teacher becoming repositioned within the group in the role of learner. In a process where authoritarian approaches were replaced by collaborative group action and inquiry, students reported an enhanced ability to think deeply, to manage their own learning and to relate in highly skilled ways with others. Students' perceptions about the ways in which they were working were analysed using the New Zealand Curriculum Key Competencies. As students focused their inquiry past the level of curriculum goals and onto real world personal goals, several experienced a shift in perception concerning their own learning potential and expressed surprised at their own level of competence. The fact that eleven out of the twelve students were boys makes this shift in personal learning expectation worthy of further investigation in the quest for improving academic outcomes for boys. Finally, this study may have relevance for the ways in which the Key Competencies have meaning in secondary schools. The study demonstrated that the emergence of competencies such as self management and relating to others was assisted by changes in teacher behaviour and action. As authoritarian approaches were replaced by a collaborative model where independent learning with others was supported, learners began to exhibit the personal competencies described by the New Zealand Curriculum (2008). These competencies which include Thinking, Using Language, symbols and texts, Managing self, Relating to others and Participating and contributing occurred as a natural consequence of a learning model which was shaped to fit the learner; a personalised approach to learning with support from online mentors.
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Wotton, Debra Mary. "Consequences of dispersal failure: kereru and large seeds in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2509.
Full textAbstract:
The decline of kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) may limit dispersal of large-seeded plants in New Zealand, but the consequences of this are unknown. I determined kereru disperser effectiveness by modelling seed dispersal distances (using seed retention times and movement patterns). Mean seed retention time was significantly longer for larger-seeded species, ranging from 37-181 minutes. Wild radiotracked kereru were sedentary, remaining at one location for up to 5.25 hours. The mean flight distance was 77 m and the maximum was 1, 457 m. Estimated mean seed dispersal distances for tawa (Beilschmiedia tawa), puriri (Vitex lucens), and fivefinger (Pseudopanax arboreus) were 95, 98, and 61 m respectively. Kereru dispersed 66-87% of ingested seeds away from the parent tree, with 79-88% of seeds dispersed <100 m and < 1% dispersed over 1,000 m. In a field seed-fate experiment, "pre-human" conditions (cleaned seeds, low density, away from parent, and protected from mammals) increased survival compared to "post-human" conditions (whole fruits, high density, under parent, not protected) for both taraire (Beilschmiedia tarairi; 15% vs. 2% survival to one year respectively) and karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus; 60% vs. 11% to two years, respectively). Fruit diameter varied considerably within karaka, taraire, and tawa, although theoretically not enough for them to be swallowed by other birds. Nevertheless, other birds are reported to occasionally take fruits of nearly all large-seeded species. Small tawa seeds produced smaller seedlings in the glasshouse; therefore selection of only smaller seeds by alternative dispersers may negatively affect tawa recruitment. Kereru are generally not gape-limited, and fruit size preferences were independent of mean fruit size. Kereru provide effective dispersal by moving most seeds away from the parent, and enhancing seed and seedling survival. Therefore, both dispersal failure and introduced mammals negatively affect the regeneration of large-seeded trees in New Zealand.
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Sepulcre, Juan Matias. "Sobre las funciones 1 + 2z + ... + nz como aproximantes de la zeta de Riemann, la distribución de sus ceros y su relación con las ecuaciones funcionales f(x) + f(2x) + ... + f(nx) = 0." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/9591.
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Mortensen, Tony Paul. "The Concept of Cash: An Empirical Study of Connotative Meaning in Accounting." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accountancy, Finance and Information Systems, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1940.
Full textAbstract:
This experimental study investigates the connotative meaning of the concept “cash”, as it relates to the cash flow statement, held by the three key parties to the accounting communication process: preparers, auditors and users. Concerns raised in the accounting profession regarding the susceptibility of the cash flow statement to manipulation, coupled with the recent introduction of NZ IAS 7 (cash flow statement) provide the motivation for investigating the potential for miscommunication (either intentional or unintentional) between the main parties to the financial reporting process. The study investigates inter and intra group differences in measured connotative meaning of the old and new definitions of “cash”, and determines the effect of connotative meaning on decision outcomes. Further, the study considers the overall quality of the two definitions, as perceived by the three financial reporting groups.
Three key findings are indicated. The first is that the three financial reporting groups do not share the same cognitive structure in which the meaning of the concept “cash” is held. An important implication is that comparisons between the connotative meanings held by the three financial reporting groups cannot be validly made. Secondly, significant differences in the measured meaning were observed across the two definitions within each of the three subject groups. Thirdly, the decision outcomes for each of the three subject groups were significantly different under the two definitions. Also there was some evidence that the differences in the decision outcomes were linked to the differences in the measured connotative meaning.
These results raised several concerns regarding the potential for miscommunication between the three key parties to the accounting communication process and highlighted the importance of standard-setters assessing the effect on connotative meaning of possible changes in wording to key concepts within the cash flow statement.
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Pignon, Frédéric. "Rhéologie des dispersions aqueuses thixotropes d'une argile de type hectorite." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0016.
Full textAbstract:
Le but de cette etude est l'identification et la comprehension des mecanismes gouvernant le comportement thixotrope dans les dispersions aqueuses d'une argile de type hectorite : la laponite. Cette argile modele, constituee de particules anisotropes de taille nanometrique, a permis de combiner les mesures rheometriques avec des mesures de diffusion de rayonnements, des visualisations du champ de deformation et des mesures de birefringence. Au repos, la structure des gels est constituee d'agregats microniques denses assembles en une masse fractale d'une dimension d. Pres de la transition sol-gel, d = 1, la texture est fibreuse. Aux fractions volumiques plus elevees, d = 1,8, la structure est une connexion de zones denses et de zones moins denses en particules. Des lois d'echelles theoriques et experimentales, ont permis de correler ces dimensions fractales a l'influence de la fraction volumique sur le seuil d'ecoulement. La transition sol-gel et la stabilite de la phase gel ont ete etudiees en fonction du temps de gelification et des parametres physico-chimiques. L'existence d'instabilites d'ecoulements, telle que la localisation du cisaillement, ont ete montrees, sur ces dispersions dont la courbe d'ecoulement est a minimum de contrainte. Les differents regimes d'ecoulements ont ete identifies et ont permis d'etablir des procedures fiables pour la caracterisation du comportement thixotrope. Sous ecoulement de cisaillement, la chute de viscosite provient d'orientations et de desagregation a l'echelle de longueur de l'ordre du micron. Lors de la restructuration, les deux echelles de temps mises en evidence, correspondent respectivement a une relaxation rapide des orientations et a un processus lent d'agregation. La nature du comportement thixotrope est alors identifiee comme etant principalement un processus d'agregation reversible, pour lequel les grandes echelles de longueur, de l'ordre du micron, associees a un arrangement fractal jouent un role determinant.
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浅井, 尚子, and Takako Asai. "後遺障害に対する一括払い補償Lump Sumの復活 ―NZ事故補償制度における女性・高齢者の保護." 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11585.
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Kahui, Dennis Jon. "A cultural approach to music therapy in New Zealand : a Maori perspective : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music Therapy at Massey University, NZ School of Music, Wellington, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/898.
Full textAbstract:
The main theme of this study is to form a culturally appropriate approach to music therapy concepts from a Maori perspective that could be inclusive and accommodate both Maori and Tauiwi (non-Maori) Rangatahi (adolescents) in health care settings. In order to provide a descriptive account of the holistic aspects of introducing Maori musical concepts in a music therapy setting a qualitative design was employed. The study draws on my personal journal entries, an interview with Kaumatua (Maori respected elders) regarding the appropriateness of introducing and altering traditional Maori musicality to accommodate the patient’s needs and a case study involving the Haka as a music therapy intervention strategy with a young Maori patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. My findings show that as a music therapist consultation with Kaumatua regarding anything related to Maori cultural aspects was essential. I also found that when working with a Maori Rangatahi who is immersed in Maori culture, it created an atmosphere of containment, familiarity, enjoyment, engagement and an environment that facilitated the achievement of therapeutic goals. Te Whare Tapa Wha Maori mental health model is well suited as a music therapy assessment tool to the characteristics of the physical, emotional, spiritual and family context of the Haka. I also found that Tauiwi music therapists wishing to introduce cultural elements must first learn about Maori culture and the people in order to confidently understand the music. Tauiwi Rangatahi may also benefit from the introduction of Maori musicality as a therapeutic means by being an inclusive member of the community and the positive psychological effects. For example, Rangatahi benefited from learning the proper pronunciation and meaning of the Haka, which in turn gave them a sense of achievement. I also found that some Maori protocols fit well with the protocols of music therapy, such as the beginning and endings with a hello and goodbye song.
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McIver, Sharon. "WaveShapeConversion : the land as reverent in the dance culture and music of Aotearoa : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cultural Studies in the University of Canterbury /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Culture, Literature and Society, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1635.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is the result of more than ten years involvement with outdoor dance events
in Aotearoa, with a specific focus on Te Wai Pounamu (South Island) and Otautahi
(Christchurch). Two symbiotic themes are explored here – that of the significance of the
landscape in inspiring a conversion to tribal-based spirituality at the events, and the role
of the music in ‘painting’ a picture of Aotearoa in sound, with an emphasis on those
musicians heard in the outdoor dance zones. With no major publications or studies
specific to Aotearoa to reference, a framework based on global post-rave culture has been
included in each chapter so that similarities and differences to Aotearoa dance culture
may be established. Using theoretical frameworks that include Hakim Bey’s TAZ
(Temporary Autonomous Zone), the carnivalesque, and tribalism, the overriding theme to
emerge is that of utopia, a concept that in Aotearoa is also central to the Pākehā
mythology that often stands in for a hidden violent colonial history, of which te Tiriti o
Waitangi (the Treaty of Waitangi) has been a source of division since it was signed in
1840. Thus, in the Introduction several well-known local songs have been discussed in
relation to both the Pākehā mythology and the history of te Tiriti in order to contextualise
the discussion of the importance of Māori and Pākehā integration in the dance zones in
the following chapters.
The thesis comprises of two main themes: the events and the music. At the events I
took a participatory-observer approach that included working as rubbish crew, which
provided a wealth of information about the waste created by the organisers and vendors,
and the packaging brought in by the dancers. Thus the utopian visions that were felt on
the dancefloor are balanced with descriptions of the dystopian reality that when the
dancers and volunteers go home, becomes the responsibility of a strong core of
‘afterparty’ crew.
Musically, the development of a local electronic sound that is influenced by the
environmental soundscape, along with the emergence of a live roots reggae scene that
promotes both positivity and political engagement, has aided spiritual conversion in the
dance zones. Whereas electronic acts and DJ’s were the norm at the Gathering a decade
ago, in 2008 the stages at dance events are a mixture of electronic and live acts, along
with DJ’s, and most of the performers are local. Influenced by a strong reggae movement
in Aotearoa, along with Jamaican/UK dance styles such as dub and drum and bass, local
‘roots’ musicians are weaving a new philosophy that is based on ancient tribal practices,
environmentalism and the aroha (love) principles of outdoor dance culture. The sound of
the landscape is in the music, whilst the vocals outline new utopian visions for Aotearoa
that acknowledge the many cultures that make up this land. Thus, in Aotearoa dance
music lies the kernel of hope that Aotearoa dance culture may yet evolve to fulfil its
potential.
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Derby, Mark. "Czar Cullen : Police Commissioner John Cullen and coercive state action in early 20th century NZ : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in New Zealand Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/351.
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Taulapapa, Ma'amora. "The current status of the balanced scorecard as a performance measurement and a strategic management tool in NZ local government organisations a dissertation submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Business, 2008." Abstract. Full dissertation, 2008.
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Ericsson, Lina. "The Ni-Vanuatu RSE-Worker : Earning, Spending, Saving, and Sending." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9631.
Full textAbstract:
In April 2007, New Zealand (NZ) launched the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme. The scheme allows for unskilled workers from the Pacific Islands to enjoy the benefits of seasonal work in NZ’s horticulture and viticulture industries for up to seven months at a time. One of the articulated objectives of the scheme is to advance the effects on development in the countries of origin of the workers, for which remittances have been stressed as key-benefits. Although previous data and interviews concerning these aspects are marginal, all studies indicate clear benefits for Pacific Islanders. In contrast, this study provides the novel insight to the individual views and perceptions of the earning, saving, spending and remittance possibilities of 23 Ni-Vanuatu RSE workers in June of 2008. The findings indicate an absence of autonomy among the individual RSE workers to decide over and manage the spending of their respective incomes, along with negative implications on the potential for workers to send remittances while working in NZ. Identified as the primary cause of this outcome, is the dual and simultaneous role that NZ based companies, on the one hand, can play as recruitment agents in Vanuatu, and on the other hand, as pastoral care agents in NZ. This twofold capacity creates a middle hand situation that severely restricts the possibilities for the workers to access their wages while in NZ. The conclusion therefore holds that, in this example of 23 Ni-Vanuatu RSE workers, the degree of remittances depends on the type of employment governing the participation of the workers in the scheme, as opposed to the individual spending and saving patterns, differences in earnings, or differences in the availability of work of each worker respectively.
I april 2007 så startade Nya Zeeland (NZ) sitt Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) program. Programmet tillåter lågutbildade arbetare från Söderhavsöarna att erhålla fördelaktigt säsongsarbete i NZ:s jordbruks industrier med upp till sju månader per arbetsperiod. Ett av de uttalade syftena med programmet är att avancera utvecklingen i arbetarnas hemländer, för vilket penningförsändelser från säsongsarbetet har lyfts fram som huvudsakliga förmåner. Trots att tidigare insamlad data och intervjuer som berör dessa delar av programmet är marginella, så har alla studier indikerat klara förmåner för säsongsarbetarna. Till skillnad från tidigare resultat, så påvisar denna studie nya insikter skildrade från ett perspektiv av 23 Ni-Vanuatu arbetare, och deras uppfattning om möjligheter till inkomst, sparande, och att kunna skicka penningförsändelser under en arbetsvistelse i juni 2008. Resultaten från studien pekar på en frånvaro av autonomi hos arbetarna att bestämma över hur deras inkomster skall spenderas, med negativa följder av att inte kunna skicka hem tillräckligt med pengar till sina anhöriga. Den identifierade primärorsaken till detta är framförallt den dubbelroll som NZ baserade företag, å ena sidan, kan spela som rekryterare av arbetskraft i Vanuatu, och å andra sidan, som förvaltare av arbetskraft i NZ. Denna dubbelroll skapar en mellanhandssituation som hindrar säsongsarbetarna från att tillgå sina inkomster under sin vistelse i NZ. Slutsatsen, i detta exempel av 23 Ni-Vanuatu arbetare, påvisar att nivån utav penningförsändelser beror på typ av anställningsform, istället för individuellt sparande eller spenderande av inkomster, skillnader i inkomst, eller skillnader i tillgängligt arbete för respektive arbetare.
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Johnston, Emma Anne. "Healing maori through song and dance? Three case studies of recent New Zealand music theatre." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Theatre and Film Studies, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/980.
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This thesis investigates the way "healing" may be seen to be represented and enacted by three recent New Zealand music theatre productions: Once Were Warriors, the Musical-Drama; The Whale Rider, On Stage; and Footprints/Tapuwae, a bicultural opera. This thesis addresses the ways each of these music theatre productions can be seen to dramatise ideologically informed notions of Maori cultural health through the encounter of Maori performance practices with American and European music theatre forms. Because the original colonial encounter between Maori and Pakeha was a wounding process, it may be possible that in order to construct a theatrical meeting between the "colonised" Maori and the "colonial" non-Maori, "healing" is an essential element by which to foster an idea of the post-colonial, bicultural togetherness of the nation. In all three productions, Maori song and dance forms are incorporated into a distinctive form of western music theatre: the American musical; the international spectacle; Wagnerian opera. Wagner's attempts to regenerate German culture through his music dramas can be compared to Maori renaissance idea(l)s of cultural "healing" through a "return" to Maori myths, traditions and song and dance.
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Rabie, Ursula. "The contribution of the placenta to the diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86623.
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Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this pilot project was to determine whether mothers with laboratory confirmed or clinically suspected tuberculosis (TB) had evidence of TB in the placenta. A secondary objective was to correlate evidence of placental TB with neonatal outcome. A total of 56 placentas were examined to determine if there were any specific histopathological features predictive of tuberculosis together with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining. A total of 30 cases were positive for maternal TB and one case was a false positive maternal diagnosis of TB, whilst 25 cases were negative for maternal TB. Biopsies from these 56 placentas were collected for conventional PCR from the paraffin embedded tissue blocks. The performance of these two diagnostic modalities (histopathology and PCR) was assessed coll ectively and individually, and compared to the neonatal outcome (presence or absence of active clinical mycobacterial tuberculosis infection) and evidence of maternal pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The recognition of specific sites of lesions in the placenta (e.g. membranes vs. intervillous space) may lead to an understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in matern alfetal transmission of tuberculosis, and thereby pave the way for further studies in understanding the pathogenesis of congenital TB. Invaluable knowledge was obtained in the diagnoses of M.tuberculosis in the placenta as it was found that micro abscesses and intervillositis were strong indicators of TB infection in the placenta, however, ZN staining still remains the gold standard for diagnosing M.tuberculosis infection in the placenta. PCR is found to have limitations, because only M.tuberculosis DNA is amplified and does not distinguish live from dead bacteria. The conclusion reached is that PCR is of limited value in the diagnosis of active M.tuberculosis infection in the placenta using FFPE tissue, while certain histological changes may be indicative of such infection; however confirmation of the organism by ZN staining is still essential.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoelwit van hierdie projek was om vas te stel of moeders met bevestigde of vermoedelike TB enige indikasie van TB in die plasenta toon. ‘n Tweede doelwit was om die neonatale uitkoms teenoor die plasentale TB te korreleer. ‘n Totale getal van 56 plasentas is ondersoek om vas te stel of daar enige spesifieke histopatologiese indikasies is van tuberkulose met die hulp van die ZN spesiale kleuring. Die totale getal positiewe vir TB was 30 asook ‘n vals positiewe geval vir TB en daar was 25 TB negatiewe gevalle. Ses en vyftig biopsies is versamel van paraffien in gebedteerde weefsel vir die gebruik in PKR. Die uitvoering van hierdie twee diagnostiese modaliteite is elk individueel ondersoek asook gesamentlik om dit te vergelyk met die neonatale uitkoms (m.a.w die teenwoordigheid of aanwesigheid van mikobakteriale tuberkulose infeksie) asook die teenwoordigheid van moederlike pulmunere en ekstra-pulmunere tuberkulose. Die spesifieke ligging van die letsels in die plasenta (bv. membrane vs. intervillus spasie) kan lei tot verbeterde begrip van die patogeniese meganismes betrokke in die moeder fetale oordrag van tuberkulose en dit kan lei tot toekomstige navorsing. Waardevolle kennis is opgedoen in die diagnose van M.tuberkulose in die plasenta, want die letsels van mikro abbesses en intervillisitus gee ‘n goeie aanduiding van TB infeksie in die plasenta. Die ZN kleuring bly nog steeds die standaard metode om M.tuberculose in die plasenta te diagnoseer. PKR het baie limiete want dit kan slegs die M.tuberkulose DNA vermeningvuldig, maar dit kan nie onderskeid tref tussen lewendige en dooie bakterie nie. The slotsom in hierdie projek is dat PKR ‘n be pperkte waarde het in die diagnose van aktiewe M .tuberkulose in die plasenta, deur die gebruik van formalien gefikseerde paraffien ingebedteerde weefsel nie terwyl sekere histologiese veranderinge ‘n aa nduiding van sodanige infeksie kan wees maar dat dit deur die spesiale kleruring (ZN) bevestig moet word.
National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS)
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Bunker, Beverley. "An investigation into expectations of the Chief Information Officer's role and knowledge, skills and experience that support it a dyadic IT-business perspective in NZ local government : submitted to the School of Information Management, Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Information Management /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1136.
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Li, Yidan. "Filtrations statiques et dynamiques de différents systèmes argile, électrolytes, polymère." Orléans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ORLE2014.
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Les propriétés de filtration de fluides de forage modèles composés d'eau, d'argile, d'électrolytes (nacl, cacl2 et kcl) et de polymères (carboxymethylcellulose et ter polymère sulfone) ont été étudiées en condition statique et dynamique sur papier filtre et tranches de roches. Les expériences de filtration, combinées à l'observation des cakes par cryomicroscopie à balayage et microscopie électronique à transmission, mettent en évidence l'importance de la taille et la forme des particules d'argiles, ainsi que leur mode d'association en suspension, sur la texture du cake, sa perméabilité et ses propriétés de relaxation. Ces paramètres dépendent de la nature de l'électrolyte. Le polymère réduit la perméabilité du cake en améliorant la dispersion de l'argile en suspension, mais surtout en colmatant le réseau poreux par ses propriétés d'auto-agrégation. Le mode de dépôt en dynamique est lie à l'état d'agrégation de la suspension au départ, sa polydispersite et sa sensibilité au cisaillement ainsi qu'à la perméabilité du cake construit dans les premiers instants de la filtration. Dans tous les cas, le processus de croissance du cake est ralenti et on obtient des volumes de filtrat plus élevés qu'en statique. Le cisaillement a deux effets: d'une part dissocier les agrégats lâches présents en suspension et d'autre part exercer un tri granulométrique des particules dans le cas d'une suspension polydispersée. À fort gradient de cisaillement on obtient rapidement un cake fin d'épaisseur constante. L’épaisseur de ce cake limite dépend de la fraction de petites particules présentes en suspension, ou susceptibles d'être formées par dissociation d'agrégats lâches sous l'action du cisaillement. La perméabilité du cake limite forme en dynamique est, comme en statique, conditionnée par la taille et la forme des particules qui le constituent ou par la présence d'un polymère réducteur de filtrat. Les filtrations réalisées sur un grès de fontainebleau permettent de visualiser le cake interne et de préciser les risques d'endommagement d'une roche réservoir par le fluide de forage
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Cannic, Sébastien. "L'évolution magmatique et tectono-métamorphique du substratum du domaine valaisan (complexe du Versoyen, Alpes occidentales) : Implications dans l'histoire alpine." Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10155.
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Le domaine valaisan dessine une suture qui marque la limite entre les zones internes et externes des Alpes occidentales. Cette suture est constituée de roches magmatiques d'affinité tholéïtique (le complexe du Versoyen) dont l'interprétation géodynamique était controversée. En effet, suivant les auteurs, cette suture pourrait représenter: 1) une klippe d'origine piémontaise (suture d'hyper-collision), 2) une écaille ophiolitique située au front d'un prisme d'accrétion (suture océanique), 3) un complexe magmatique lié à un amincissement crustal (inversion structurale). Le but de ce travail était de trouver des arguments qui permettaient de résoudre cette controverse. Ainsi les résultats acquis au cours de cette thèse montrent que: ― Le magmatisme tholéïtique du Versoyen, dans les régions du col du Petit Saint Bernard (frontière franco-italienne) et de Visp (Suisse), présente des caractères géochimiques et isotopiques identiques qui sont intermédiaires entre ceux des N-MORB et des T-MORB. Ces tholéïtes dériveraient de la fusion partielle d'un manteau appauvri (de type N-MORB), avec probablement la participation d'une source enrichie (de type OIB). ― Dans la région du col du Petit Saint Bernard, certaines tholéïtes sont recoupées par des filons leucocrates qui correspondent à des liquides différenciés, cogénétiques du magmatisme. Les datations U/Pb sur les zircons contenus dans l'un de ces filons indiquent un âge Carbonifère supérieur pour le magmatisme du Versoyen. ― Le complexe du Versoyen est affecté par un métamorphisme polyphasé de type éclogitique, schiste bleu et schiste vert. La paragénèse éclogitique correspond à des conditions de Haute-Pression et Basse-Température qui traduisent un enfouissement à grande profondeur, lié à une subduction. Les datations Ar/Ar réalisées sur les phengites donnent des âges de refroidissement proches de 33 Ma et permettent d'affiner le chemin P-T-t de ce complexe au cours de l'exhumation des éclogites. ― Le complexe du Versoyen est affecté par une déformation syn-schiste vert qui correspond à un jeu normal vers le SE. Cette déformation apparait dès l'Èocène supérieur ― Oligocène et explique en partie l'exhumation des éclogites. Ce jeu normal est contemporain de chevauchements dans la zone externe et pourrait accomoder un réamincissement crustal au cours de la collision alpine. Ces données permettent une réinterprétation de la signification géodynamique du complexe du Versoyen dont l'individualisation est liée au cycle hercynien alors que son évolution tectonométamorphique est contrôlée par l'orogénèse alpine
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Maunder, Paul Allan. "The Rebellious Mirror,Before and after 1984:Community-based theatre in Aotearoa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Theatre and Film Studies, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5381.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I outline the contribution Community-based theatre has made to New Zealand theatre. This involves a defining of theatre production as a material practice. Community-based theatre was a tendency from the 1930s, a promise of the left theatre movement and, I argue, was being searched for as a form of practice by the avant-garde, experimental practitioners of the 1970s. At the same time, early Māori theatre began as a Community-based practice before moving into the mainstream.
With the arrival of neo-liberalism to Aotearoa in 1984, community groups and Community-based theatre could become official providers within the political system. This led to a flowering of practices, which I describe, together with the tensions that arise from being a part of that system. However, neo-liberalism introduced managerial practices into state contracting and patronage policy, which effectively denied this flowering the sustenance deserved. At the same time, these policies commodified mainstream theatre production.
In conclusion, I argue that in the current situation of global crisis, Community-based theatre practice has a continuing role to play in giving voice to the multitude and by being a practice of the Common.
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Peck, Mikaere Michelle S. "Summerhill school is it possible in Aotearoa ??????? New Zealand ???????: Challenging the neo-liberal ideologies in our hegemonic schooling system." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2794.
Full textAbstract:
The original purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of setting up a school in Aotearoa (New Zealand) that operates according to the principles and philosophies of Summerhill School in Suffolk, England. An examination of Summerhill School is therefore the purpose of this study, particularly because of its commitment to self-regulation and direct democracy for children. My argument within this study is that Summerhill presents precisely the type of model Māori as Tangata Whenua (Indigenous people of Aotearoa) need in our design of an alternative schooling programme, given that self-regulation and direct democracy are traits conducive to achieving Tino Rangitiratanga (Self-government, autonomy and control). In claiming this however, not only would Tangata Whenua benefit from this model of schooling; indeed it has the potential to serve the purpose of all people regardless of age race or gender. At present, no school in Aotearoa has replicated Summerhill's principles and philosophies in their entirety. Given the constraints of a Master's thesis, this piece of work is therefore only intended as a theoretical background study for a much larger kaupapa (purpose). It is my intention to produce a further and more comprehensive study in the future using Summerhill as a vehicle to initiate a model school in Aotearoa that is completely antithetical to the dominant neo-liberal philosophy of our age. To this end, my study intends to demonstrate how neo-liberal schooling is universally dictated by global money market trends, and how it is an ideology fueled by the indifferent acceptance of the general population. In other words, neo-liberal theory is a theory of capitalist colonisation. In order to address the long term vision, this project will be comprised of two major components. The first will be a study of the principal philosophies that govern Summerhill School. As I will argue, Summerhill creates an environment that is uniquely successful and fulfilling for the children who attend. At the same time, it will also be shown how it is a philosophy that is entirely contrary to a neo-liberal 3 mindset; an antidote, to a certain extent, to the ills of contemporary schooling. The second component will address the historical movement of schooling in Aotearoa since the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1984, and how the New Zealand Curriculum has been affected by these changes. I intend to trace the importation of neo-liberal methodologies into Aotearoa such as the 'Picot Taskforce,' 'Tomorrows Schools' and 'Bulk Funding,' to name but a few. The neo-liberal ideologies that have swept through this country in the last two decades have relentlessly metamorphosised departments into businesses and forced ministries into the marketplace, hence causing the 'ideological reduction of education' and confining it to the parameters of schooling. The purpose of this research project is to act as a catalyst for the ultimate materialization of an original vision; the implementation of a school like Summerhill in Aotearoa. A study of the neo-liberal ideologies that currently dominate this country is imperative in order to understand the current schooling situation in Aotearoa and create an informed comparison between the 'learning for freedom' style of Summerhill and the 'learning to earn' style of our status quo schools. It is my hope to strengthen the argument in favour of Summerhill philosophy by offering an understanding of the difference between the two completely opposing methods of learning.
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Huei-Tong, Ching, and 卿輝東. "nZ fractal quantum space." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48991355940228773905.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子物理學系
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Three kinds of machinery have been used to investigate the nonlinear system nZ, namely Catalan number analysis, Schwarzian derivative and generating operator. We have also obtained some general formula to describe the regular and irregular nonlinear phenomena in "quantum space". Finally, this implication can allow us to understand the statistical problems in quantum mechanics by this operator algebra.
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Qing, Hui Dong, and 卿輝東. "nZ fractal quantum space." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27719628610655143282.
Full text
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Pasanen, Trevor. "Irreducible Characters of SL(k,Z/p^nZ)." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/760.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper we find irreducible characters of
G=SL(k,Z/p^nZ) where n >= 2, k=2,3 and, p is an odd prime. In the case k=2 we give a construction for every irreducible character of G without calculating the character values. Our method is based on finding a normal subgroup of G and applying Clifford theory.Mathematics