Journal articles: 'Nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition'

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Palou, Andreu. "From nutrigenomics to personalised nutrition." Genes & Nutrition 2, no. 1 (September 19, 2007): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-007-0022-9.

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Ronteltap, A., J. C. M. van Trijp, and R. J. Renes. "Consumer acceptance of nutrigenomics-based personalised nutrition." British Journal of Nutrition 101, no. 1 (May 15, 2008): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508992552.

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Nutrigenomics is a new and promising development in nutritional science which aims to understand the fundamental molecular processes affected by foods. Despite general agreement on its promise for better understanding diet–health relationships, less consensus exists among experts on the potential of spin-offs aimed at the consumer such as personalised nutrition. Research into consumer acceptance of such applications is scarce. The present study develops a set of key hypotheses on public acceptance of personalised nutrition and tests these in a representative sample of Dutch consumers. An innovative consumer research methodology is used in which consumers evaluate short films which are systematically varied scenarios for the future of personalised nutrition. Consumer evaluations of these films, which are pre-tested in a pilot study, allow a formal test of how consumer perceptions of personalised nutrition drive consumer acceptance and through which fundamental psychological processes these effects are mediated. Public acceptance is enhanced if consumers can make their genetic profile available free at their own choice, if the actual spin-off products provide a clearly recognisable advantage to the consumer, and are easy to implement into the daily routine. Consumers prefer communication on nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition by expert stakeholders to be univocal and aimed at building support with consumers and their direct environments for this intriguing new development. Additionally, an exploratory segmentation analysis indicated that people have different focal points in their preferences for alternative scenarios of personalised nutrition. The insights obtained from the present study provide guidance for the successful further development of nutrigenomics and its applications.

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de Roos, Baukje. "Personalised nutrition: ready for practice?" Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 72, no. 1 (November 12, 2012): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665112002844.

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The efficacy by which dietary interventions influence risk markers of multi-factorial diseases is mainly determined by taking population-based approaches. However, there exists considerable inter-individual variation in response to dietary interventions, and some interventions may benefit certain individuals or population subgroups more than others. This review evaluates the application of nutrigenomic technologies to further the concept of personalised nutrition, as well as the process to take personalised nutrition to the marketplace. The modulation of an individual's response is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Many nutrigenetics studies have attempted to explain variability in responses based on a single or a few genotypes so that a genotype may be used to define personalised dietary advice. It has, however, proven very challenging to define an individual's responsiveness to complex diets based on common genetic variations. In addition, there is a limited understanding of what constitutes an optimal response because we lack key health biomarkers and signatures. In conclusion, advances in nutrigenomics will undoubtedly further the understanding of the complex interplay between genotype, phenotype and environment, which are required to enhance the development of personalised nutrition in the future. At the same time, however, issues relating to consumer acceptance, privacy protection as well as marketing and distribution of personalised products need to be addressed before personalised nutrition can become commercially viable.

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Hesketh, J. "Personalised nutrition: how far has nutrigenomics progressed?" European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 67, no. 5 (October 24, 2012): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2012.145.

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Koromina, Maria, Valentini Konstantinidou, Malvina Georgaka, Federico Innocenti, and George P. Patrinos. "Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics: ready for clinical use or still a way to go?" Personalized Medicine 17, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pme-2020-0007.

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Nutritional Genomics or nutrigenetics/nutrigenomics is an emerging area of research aiming to delineate the interplay between nutrients intake and the reciprocal pathologies with the human genome. Coupled with other omics disciplines, such as metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics, nutrigenomics aspires to individualize nutrition, reminiscent of pharmacogenomics and the individualization of drug use. Here, we provide an overview of a session focused on nutrigenomics, organized in conjunction with the Panhellenic Bioscientists Association during the First Greek National Personalised Medicine Conference in Athens, Greece on 15 December 2019.

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Annalisa, Olivotti. "Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics may lead to personalised nutrition." European Journal of Integrative Medicine 4 (September 2012): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2012.07.722.

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Stewart-Knox, Barbara, Audrey Rankin, Sharron Kuznesof, Rui Poínhos, Maria Daniel Vaz de Almeida, Arnout Fischer, and Lynn J. Frewer. "Promoting healthy dietary behaviour through personalised nutrition: technology push or technology pull?" Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 74, no. 2 (October 24, 2014): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665114001529.

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The notion of educating the public through generic healthy eating messages has pervaded dietary health promotion efforts over the years and continues to do so through various media, despite little evidence for any enduring impact upon eating behaviour. There is growing evidence, however, that tailored interventions such as those that could be delivered online can be effective in bringing about healthy dietary behaviour change. The present paper brings together evidence from qualitative and quantitative studies that have considered the public perspective of genomics, nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition, including those conducted as part of the EU-funded Food4Me project. Such studies have consistently indicated that although the public hold positive views about nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition, they have reservations about the service providers’ ability to ensure the secure handling of health data. Technological innovation has driven the concept of personalised nutrition forward and now a further technological leap is required to ensure the privacy of online service delivery systems and to protect data gathered in the process of designing personalised nutrition therapies.

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Mathers, John C. "Nutrigenomics in the modern era." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002966511600080x.

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The concept that interactions between nutrition and genetics determine phenotype was established by Garrod at the beginning of the 20th century through his ground-breaking work on inborn errors of metabolism. A century later, the science and technologies involved in sequencing of the human genome stimulated development of the scientific discipline which we now recognise as nutritional genomics (nutrigenomics). Much of the early hype around possible applications of this new science was unhelpful and raised expectations, which have not been realised as quickly as some would have hoped. However, major advances have been made in quantifying the contribution of genetic variation to a wide range of phenotypes and it is now clear that for nutrition-related phenotypes, such as obesity and common complex diseases, the genetic contribution made by SNP alone is often modest. There is much scope for innovative research to understand the roles of less well explored types of genomic structural variation, e.g. copy number variants, and of interactions between genotype and dietary factors, in phenotype determination. New tools and models, including stem cell-based approaches and genome editing, have huge potential to transform mechanistic nutrition research. Finally, the application of nutrigenomics research offers substantial potential to improve public health e.g. through the use of metabolomics approaches to identify novel biomarkers of food intake, which will lead to more objective and robust measures of dietary exposure. In addition, nutrigenomics may have applications in the development of personalised nutrition interventions, which may facilitate larger, more appropriate and sustained changes in eating (and other lifestyle) behaviours and help to reduce health inequalities.

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Ray, Subhasree. "Personalized Modification of Breast Milk to Help Enhancing Nutrition Profile of Neonates: A short Communication." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.2.1.07.

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Personalized Nutrition means in practice, adapting food to individual needs, depending on the host’s genome, this calls for an emerging field of nutrigenomic approach in order to build the tools for individualized diet, health maintenance and disease prevention. Based on this principle, breast milk is now being analyzed, modified and administered in smaller infants to provide them personalized diet, ensuring the premature infants are receiving correct amounts of nutrients they need to thrive. In the past, all milk was fortified to the same and it was ‘one-size-fits-all’. Now, nutrigenomics is moving towards having the ability to personalize each mother’s milk to give her baby precise nutrition he needs by stressing upon nutrition and interaction of three health relevant genomes in perspective, namely the food, the gut microbial and the human host genome in context of individualized nutrition and optimum health.

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Maranhão, Priscila, Gustavo Bacelar-Silva, Duarte Ferreira, Conceição Calhau, Pedro Vieira-Marques, and Ricardo Cruz-Correia. "Nutrigenomic Information in the openEHR Data Set." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 01 (January 2018): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1635115.

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Background The traditional concept of personalized nutrition is based on adapting diets according to individual needs and preferences. Discussions about personalized nutrition have been on since the Human Genome Project, which has sequenced the human genome. Thenceforth, topics such as nutrigenomics have been assessed to help in better understanding the genetic variation influence on the dietary response and association between nutrients and gene expression. Hence, some challenges impaired the understanding about the nowadays important clinical data and about clinical data assumed to be important in the future. Objective Finding the main clinical statements in the personalized nutrition field (nutrigenomics) to create the future-proof health information system to the openEHR server based on archetypes, as well as a specific nutrigenomic template. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed. The aim of this systemic review was to list the chief clinical statements and create archetype and templates for openEHR modeling tools, namely, Ocean Archetype Editor and Ocean Template Design. Results The literature search led to 51 articles; however, just 26 articles were analyzed after all the herein adopted inclusion criteria were assessed. Of these total, 117 clinical statements were identified, as well as 27 archetype-friendly concepts. Our group modeled four new archetypes (waist-to-height ratio, genetic test results, genetic summary, and diet plan) and finally created the specific nutrigenomic template for nutrition care. Conclusion The archetypes and the specific openEHR template developed in this study gave dieticians and other health professionals an important tool to their nutrigenomic clinical practices, besides a set of nutrigenomic data to clinical research.

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Wang, C. Y. "Nutrigenomics: Hope for Personalized Nutrition." Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal 42, no. 4 (May 15, 2014): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12065.

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Sellami, Maha, and Nicola Luigi Bragazzi. "Nutrigenomics and Breast Cancer: State-of-Art, Future Perspectives and Insights for Prevention." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020512.

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Proper nutrition plays a major role in preventing diseases and, therefore, nutritional interventions constitute crucial strategies in the field of Public Health. Nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics are arising from the integration of nutritional, genomics and proteomics specialties in the era of postgenomics medicine. In particular, nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics focus on the interaction between nutrients and the human genome and proteome, respectively, providing insights into the role of diet in carcinogenesis. Further omics disciplines, like metabonomics, interactomics and microbiomics, are expected to provide a better understanding of nutrition and its underlying factors. These fields represent an unprecedented opportunity for the development of personalized diets in women at risk of developing breast cancer.

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Chadwick, Ruth. "Nutrigenomics, individualism and public health." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 63, no. 1 (February 2004): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2003329.

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Issues arising in connection with genes and nutrition policy include both nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. Nutrigenomics considers the relationship between specifc nutrients or diet and gene expression and, it is envisaged, will facilitate prevention of diet-related common diseases. Nutrigenetics is concerned with the effects of individual genetic variation (single nucleotide polymorphisms) on response to diet, and in the longer term may lead to personalised dietary recommendations. It is important also to consider the surrounding context of other issues such as novel and functional foods in so far as they are related to genetic modification. Ethical issues fall into a number of categories: (1) why nutrigenomics? Will it have important public health benefits? (2) questions about research, e.g. concerning the acquisition of information about individual genetic variation; (3) questions about who has access to this information, and its possible misuse; (4) the applications of this information in terms of public health policy, and the negotiation of the potential tension between the interests of the individual in relation to, for example, prevention of conditions such as obesity and allergy; (5) the appropriate ethical approach to the issues, e.g. the moral difference, if any, between therapy and enhancement in relation to individualised diets; whether the 'technological fix' is always appropriate, especially in the wider context of the purported lack of public confidence in science, which has special resonance in the sphere of nutrition.

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Ferguson, Lynnette, and Matthew Barnett. "Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Research in New Zealand, and Its Relevance and Application to Gastrointestinal Health." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (April 22, 2022): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091743.

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Nutrigenomics New Zealand (NuNZ) was a collaborative research programme built among three organisations—the University of Auckland, AgResearch Limited and Plant & Food Research. The programme ran for ten years, between 2004 and 2014, and was tasked with developing the then emerging field of nutrigenomics, investigating its applications to New Zealand, and potential benefits to the plant food and agricultural sectors. Since the beginning of the programme, nutrigenomics was divided into two fields—nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. The first of these is now more commonly called personalised nutrition, and has recently been recognised and criticised by elements of the dietetics and management sector in New Zealand, who currently do not appear to fully appreciate the evolving nature of the field, and the differing validity of various companies offering the tests that form the basis of this personalisation. Various science laboratories are utilising “omics” sciences, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics and the comprehensive analysis of microbial communities such as the gut microbiota, in order to understand the mechanisms by which certain food products and/or diets relevant to New Zealand, confer a health benefit, and the nature of potential health claims that may be made on the basis of this information. In this article, we give a brief overview of the nutrigenomics landscape in New Zealand since the end of the NuNZ programme, with a particular focus on gastrointestinal health.

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Shaikh, Amani Al, Andrea J. Braakhuis, and Karen S. Bishop. "The Mediterranean Diet and Breast Cancer: A Personalised Approach." Healthcare 7, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7030104.

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There have been many original and review articles summarizing the impact of nutrition and diet on breast cancer risk. However, very few consider the implication of genetic background and the effect of personalised nutrition on the risk and prognosis of breast cancer. A literature search was performed using the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE (Ovid). The ensuing search terms were selected: genomics, nutrigenomics, breast cancer, breast neoplasms, cancer, nutrigenetics, diet–gene interaction, and Mediterranean, nutrition, polyphenols and diet. In this review, we discuss the Mediterranean-style diet and associated nutrients, evidence of benefit, impact on gene expression and evidence of interactions with genotype and how this interaction can modify breast cancer risk and progression. In addition, the impact of nutrients commonly associated with a Mediterranean-style diet, on breast cancer treatment, and synergistic effects are mentioned when modified by genotype. Some evidence exists around the benefit of a gene-based personalised diet based on a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, but further evidence in the form of clinical trials is required before such an approach can be comprehensively implemented.

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Kussmann, Martin, and Laurent B. Fay. "Nutrigenomics and personalized nutrition: science and concept." Personalized Medicine 5, no. 5 (September 2008): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17410541.5.5.447.

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Kaput, Jim. "Nutrigenomics research for personalized nutrition and medicine." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 19, no. 2 (April 2008): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2008.02.005.

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Marcum, James A. "Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Personalized Nutrition, and Precision Healthcare." Current Nutrition Reports 9, no. 4 (June 23, 2020): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13668-020-00327-z.

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Busstra, Maria C., Rob Hartog, Sander Kersten, and Michael Müller. "Design guidelines for the development of digital nutrigenomics learning material for heterogeneous target groups." Advances in Physiology Education 31, no. 1 (January 2007): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00090.2006.

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Nutritional genomics, or nutrigenomics, can be considered as the combination of molecular nutrition and genomics. Students who attend courses in nutrigenomics differ with respect to their prior knowledge. This study describes digital nutrigenomics learning material suitable for students from various backgrounds and provides design guidelines for the development of the learning material. These design guidelines, derived from theories on cognitive science and instructional design, describe the selection of interaction types for learning tasks and the timing of information presentation. The learning material supports two learning goals: 1) the formulation of meaningful research questions in the field of nutrigenomics and 2) the development of feasible experiments to answer these questions. The learning material consists of two cases built around important nutrigenomics topics: 1) personalized diets and 2) the role of free fatty acids in the regulation of hepatic gene transcription. Each case consists of several activities to promote active learning by the student. Evaluation of the cases in a realistic academic educational setting indicates that the cases were useful.

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Vyas, Dr Swati. "Advances in Nutrigenomics and Applications in Public Health: A Recent Update." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 10, no. 3 (December 20, 2022): 1092–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.23.

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Nutrition research is achieving new paradigms through recent advances in the field of Nutrigenomics. The application of genomic principles for the identification of relationships between certain specific nutrients with genetic factors is termed “Nutrigenomics”. This knowledge is essential to understanding the risk factors behind diet-related chronic degenerative diseases, which further helps resolve the underlying mechanism of genetic predisposition. Advances in Sciences associated with the study of genes have assisted in developing a deep insight into genetic variants, and gene expression patterns to work out therapeutic responses toward chronic degenerative diseases associated with Public Health. To appraise recent advances in Nutrigenomics with its application in Public health several databases including Pub Med, Google Scholar, Medline etc were investigated in detail. A total of 72 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles were included in this review paper. Nutrigenomics has an important role in comprehending how homeostatic control is maintained and the way metabolic pathways are influenced by nutrient intake. The knowledge of Nutrigenomics helps in working out personalized nutrition strategies for both prevention and management of the diseased situation. The present review article aims to investigate and present a piece of in-depth information about the latest Advances in Nutrigenomics and its application in public health.

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Di Renzo, Laura, Paola Gualtieri, Lorenzo Romano, Giulia Marrone, Annalisa Noce, Alberto Pujia, Marco Alfonso Perrone, Vincenzo Aiello, Carmela Colica, and Antonino De Lorenzo. "Role of Personalized Nutrition in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases." Nutrients 11, no. 8 (July 24, 2019): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081707.

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Human nutrition is a branch of medicine based on foods biochemical interactions with the human body. The phenotypic transition from health to disease status can be attributed to changes in genes and/or protein expression. For this reason, a new discipline has been developed called “-omic science”. In this review, we analyzed the role of “-omics sciences” (nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics) in the health status and as possible therapeutic tool in chronic degenerative diseases. In particular, we focused on the role of nutrigenetics and the relationship between eating habits, changes in the DNA sequence and the onset of nutrition-related diseases. Moreover, we examined nutrigenomics and the effect of nutrients on gene expression. We perused the role of proteomics and metabolomics in personalized nutrition. In this scenario, we analyzed also how dysbiosis of gut microbiota can influence the onset and progression of chronic degenerative diseases. Moreover, nutrients influencing and regulating gene activity, both directly and indirectly, paves the way for personalized nutrition that plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative diseases.

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Hesketh, John, Iwona Wybranska, Yvonne Dommels, Maria King, Ruan Elliott, Catalina Pico, and Jaap Keijer. "Nutrient–gene interactions in benefit–risk analysis." British Journal of Nutrition 95, no. 6 (June 2006): 1232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061749.

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Individuals respond differently to nutrients and foods. This is reflected in different levels of benefits and risks at the same intake of a nutrient and, consequently, different ‘windows of benefit’ in terms of nutrient intake. This has led recently to the concept of ‘personalised nutrition’. Genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms may be one source of this inter-individual variation in benefit–risk response to nutrients. In 2004 a European Union-funded network of excellence in the area of nutrigenomics (European Nutrigenomics Organisation; NuGO) organised a workshop on the role of nutrient–gene interactions in determining benefit–risk of nutrients and diet. The major issues discussed at theworkshop are presented in the present paper and highlighted with examples from the presentations. The overall consensus was that although genetics provides a new vision where genetic information could in the future be used to provide knowledge on disease predisposition and nutritionalrequirements, such a goal is still far off and much more research is required before we can reliably include genetic factors in the risk–benefit assessment of nutrients and diets.

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Bahinipati, Jyotirmayee, Rajlaxmi Sarangi, Sanjukta Mishra, and Srikrushna Mahapatra. "Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics: A brief review with future prospects." Biomedicine 41, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v41i4.445.

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Individual’s genetic makeup best describes the properties regarding its growth and development. It is stored and passed on to generations and is in dynamic equilibrium with the environmental and other non-living factors. The most predominant environmental stimuli are diet/nutrition. Diet/nutrition interacts and modulates varying underlying molecular mechanisms central to various physiological functions basically at three different levels: genome, proteome, and metabolome. Advances in genomic studies are paving the way to the development of scientific insights into nutritional sciences. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are closely associated but two different areas of nutritional research. Both the fields involved the study of the implication between nutrition, metabolism, and genetic mechanism. The primary goal is to pinpoint nutrient-dependent health characteristics and nutrition dependent diseases. Another important area connected to these sciences concerns food composition and performance of quality assessment by studying proteomics and metabolic pathways. Nutrigenomics explains how the nutrients influences or effects the expression of the, while the response of different gene variants to nutrients or different dietary components is called Nutrigenetics. A personalized based diet can help us to know the right nutrient to take or avoid those who may potentially harm overall health. The goals are intended to alter or decrease the impact of hostile dietary changes that have occurred in since past in the developed world and more recently in the developing countries.

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Cutter, Anthony Mark. "We are what we eat? Some thoughts on the governance of nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition." Genes & Nutrition 2, no. 1 (September 21, 2007): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-007-0008-7.

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Ronteltap, Amber, Hans van Trijp, Aleksandra Berezowska, and Jo Goossens. "Nutrigenomics-based personalised nutritional advice: in search of a business model?" Genes & Nutrition 8, no. 2 (August 19, 2012): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-012-0308-4.

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Isaak, Cara K., and Yaw L. Siow. "The evolution of nutrition research." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 91, no. 4 (April 2013): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2012-0367.

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“The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but will rather cure and prevent disease with nutrition”. Thomas Edison's contemplation may come to fruition if the nutritional revolution continues in its current course. Two realizations have propelled the world into a new age of personalized nutrition: (i) food can provide benefits beyond its intrinsic nutrient content, and (ii) we are not all created equal in our ability to realize to these benefits. Nutrigenomics is concerned with delineating genomic propensities to respond to various nutritional stimuli and the resulting impact on individual health. This review will examine the current technologies utilized by nutrigeneticists, the available literature regarding nutrient-gene interactions, and the translation of this new awareness into public health.

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Ferguson, Lynnette R., Raffaele De Caterina, Ulf Görman, Hooman Allayee, Martin Kohlmeier, Chandan Prasad, Myung Sook Choi, et al. "Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalised Nutrition: Part 1 - Fields of Precision Nutrition." Lifestyle Genomics 9, no. 1 (2016): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000445350.

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Fallaize, R., A. L. Macready, L. T. Butler, J. A. Ellis, and J. A. Lovegrove. "An insight into the public acceptance of nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition." Nutrition Research Reviews 26, no. 1 (April 8, 2013): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422413000024.

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It is predicted that non-communicable diseases will account for over 73 % of global mortality in 2020. Given that the majority of these deaths occur in developed countries such as the UK, and that up to 80 % of chronic disease could be prevented through improvements in diet and lifestyle, it is imperative that dietary guidelines and disease prevention strategies are reviewed in order to improve their efficacy. Since the completion of the human genome project our understanding of complex interactions between environmental factors such as diet and genes has progressed considerably, as has the potential to individualise diets using dietary, phenotypic and genotypic data. Thus, there is an ambition for dietary interventions to move away from population-based guidance towards ‘personalised nutrition’. The present paper reviews current evidence for the public acceptance of genetic testing and personalised nutrition in disease prevention. Health and clear consumer benefits have been identified as key motivators in the uptake of genetic testing, with individuals reporting personal experience of disease, such as those with specific symptoms, being more willing to undergo genetic testing for the purpose of personalised nutrition. This greater perceived susceptibility to disease may also improve motivation to change behaviour which is a key barrier in the success of any nutrition intervention. Several consumer concerns have been identified in the literature which should be addressed before the introduction of a nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition service. Future research should focus on the efficacy and implementation of nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition.

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Lisitsyn, Andrey B., Irina M. Chernukha, and Marina A. Nikitina. "DEVELOPMENT OF A PERSONALIZED MEAT PRODUCT USING STRUCTURAL-PARAMETRIC MODELING." Theory and practice of meat processing 4, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2019-4-3-11-18.

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At present, there is no consistent definition of the term «personalized nutrition». The paper presents existing descriptors in this field of food science: precision nutrition, nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics, individual nutrition and so on. It is noted that cardiovascular diseases occupy the first place among noninfectious diseases associated with malnutrition. Optimal nutrition leads to a reduction in the risk of their occurrence. The methodology of structural-parametric modeling, which allows designing personalized optimal human nutrition based on medical indicators, is presented in terms of minimization of the risk function. The algorithm of a substantiated optimal choice of mass fractions of components (ingredients) of the food recipe composition is given. The main descriptors of a food product with the antisclerotic action for its designing using structural-parametric modeling are shown.

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Ganina, V. I. "Autoprobiotics for personalized nutrition of school children." Tovaroved prodovolstvennykh tovarov (Commodity specialist of food products), no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/igt-01-2009-11.

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According to the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, the health status of children and adolescents in the Russian Federation is characterized by the following indicators: more than half of school-age children have impaired health; two-thirds of children under 14 have chronic diseases; only 10-15 percent of graduates of general education institutions can be classified as healthy. In recent decades, with the development of nutrigenomics, the world community of scientists has come to understand the importance of the role of the microbiota in the human body and its relation with nutrition. Normal intestinal microbiota is involved in a variety of physiological functions of the body of school-age children: protective, digestive, detoxifying and anticarcinogenic, synthetic, genetic, immunogenic, metabolic, and others. Probiotic bacteria are one of the functional ingredients that have proven to have a positive effect on children's bodies. Methods of normoflora correction are proposed, aimed not only at restoring evolutionarily conditioned microbial populations, but also providing an effective impact on the individual organism.

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Stewart-Knox, Barbara J., Brendan P. Bunting, Sarah Gilpin, Heather J. Parr, Silvia Pinhão, J. J. Strain, Maria D. V. de Almeida, and Mike Gibney. "Attitudes toward genetic testing and personalised nutrition in a representative sample of European consumers." British Journal of Nutrition 101, no. 7 (September 8, 2008): 982–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508055657.

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Negative consumer opinion poses a potential barrier to the application of nutrigenomic intervention. The present study has aimed to determine attitudes toward genetic testing and personalised nutrition among the European public. An omnibus opinion survey of a representative sample aged 14–55+ years (n 5967) took place in France, Italy, Great Britain, Portugal, Poland and Germany during June 2005 as part of the Lipgene project. A majority of respondents (66 %) reported that they would be willing to undergo genetic testing and 27 % to follow a personalised diet. Individuals who indicated a willingness to have a genetic test for the personalising of their diets were more likely to report a history of high blood cholesterol levels, central obesity and/or high levels of stress than those who would have a test only for general interest. Those who indicated that they would not have a genetic test were more likely to be male and less likely to report having central obesity. Individuals with a history of high blood cholesterol were less likely than those who did not to worry if intervention foods contained GM ingredients. Individuals who were aware that they had health problems associated with the metabolic syndrome appeared particularly favourable toward nutrigenomic intervention. These findings are encouraging for the future application of personalised nutrition provided that policies are put in place to address public concern about how genetic information is used and held.

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Irimie, Alexandra, Cornelia Braicu, Sergiu Pasca, Lorand Magdo, Diana Gulei, Roxana Cojocneanu, Cristina Ciocan, Andrei Olariu, Ovidiu Coza, and Ioana Berindan-Neagoe. "Role of Key Micronutrients from Nutrigenetic and Nutrigenomic Perspectives in Cancer Prevention." Medicina 55, no. 6 (June 18, 2019): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060283.

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Regarding cancer as a genetic multi-factorial disease, a number of aspects need to be investigated and analyzed in terms of cancer’s predisposition, development and prognosis. One of these multi-dimensional factors, which has gained increased attention in the oncological field due to its unelucidated role in risk assessment for cancer, is diet. Moreover, as studies advance, a clearer connection between diet and the molecular alteration of patients is becoming identifiable and quantifiable, thereby replacing the old general view associating specific phenotypical changes with the differential intake of nutrients. Respectively, there are two major fields concentrated on the interrelation between genome and diet: nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics studies the effects of nutrition at the gene level, whereas nutrigenomics studies the effect of nutrients on genome and transcriptome patterns. By precisely evaluating the interaction between the genomic profile of patients and their nutrient intake, it is possible to envision a concept of personalized medicine encompassing nutrition and health care. The list of nutrients that could have an inhibitory effect on cancer development is quite extensive, with evidence in the scientific literature. The administration of these nutrients showed significant results in vitro and in vivo regarding cancer inhibition, although more studies regarding administration in effective doses in actual patients need to be done.

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Prosekov, A. Yu. "The methodology of food design. Part 1. The individual aspect." Theory and practice of meat processing 5, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2020-5-4-13-17.

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Innovative technologies for food raw material processing and food production are becoming globally important within the framework of modern biotechnology. The need to create a universal methodology for food design and the importance of its implementation in different lines of human life activity are obvious. Within the paradigm of modern biotechnology, personalized diets that take into consideration the genetic characteristics of consumers are becoming more and more popular. Nutrition science deals with the development of this direction. It is divided into nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics investigates an effect of modifications in genes on absorption of metabolites, nutrigenomics investigates how food components affect the work of genes. In this work, we consider mutations that influence the assimilation of metabolites and contribute to nutrigenetic research. The work is aimed at finding and studying genes responsible for eating behavior. Methods of analysis of genetic polymorphisms and modern achievements of nutrigenetics in the development of personalized nutrition are considered. The review allowed us to find and describe the genes that influenced human eating behavior: the role of genes, their localization, polymorphisms affecting the metabolism of nutrients and food preferences are indicated. Thirty four genes that influence eating behavior were identified, and significant shortcomings of current methods / programs for developing personalized diets were indicated. Weaknesses in the development of nutrigenetics were identified (inconsistency of data on SNP genes, ignoring population genetics data, information that is hard for consumers to understand, etc.). Taking into consideration all shortcomings, an approximate model for selecting a personalized diet is proposed. In the future, it is planned to develop the proposed model for making up individual diets.

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Aruoma, Okezie I., Sharon Hausman-Cohen, Jessica Pizano, Michael A. Schmidt, Deanna M. Minich, Yael Joffe, Sebastian Brandhorst, Simon J. Evans, and David M. Brady. "Personalized Nutrition: Translating the Science of NutriGenomics Into Practice: Proceedings From the 2018 American College of Nutrition Meeting." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 38, no. 4 (May 17, 2019): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2019.1582980.

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Corzo, Lola, Lucía Fernández-Novoa, Iván Carrera, Olaia Martínez, Susana Rodríguez, Ramón Alejo, and Ramón Cacabelos. "Nutrition, Health, and Disease: Role of Selected Marine and Vegetal Nutraceuticals." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030747.

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The investigation of new alternatives for disease prevention through the application of findings from dietary and food biotechnology is an ongoing challenge for the scientific community. New nutritional trends and the need to meet social and health demands have inspired the concept of functional foods and nutraceuticals which, in addition to their overall nutritional value, present certain properties for the maintenance of health. However, these effects are not universal. Nutrigenetics describes how the genetic profile has an impact on the response of the body to bioactive food components by influencing their absorption, metabolism, and site of action. The EbioSea Program, for biomarine prospection, and the Blue Butterfly Program, for the screening of vegetable-derived bioproducts, have identified a new series of nutraceuticals, devoid of side effects at conventional doses, with genotype-dependent preventive and therapeutic activity. Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics provide the opportunity to explore the inter-individual differences in the metabolism of and response to nutrients, achieving optimal results. This fact leads to the concept of personalized nutrition as opposed to public health nutrition. Consequently, the development and prescription of nutraceuticals according to the individual genetic profile is essential to improve their effectiveness in the prevention and natural treatment of prevalent diseases.

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Simopoulos, Artemis P. "139 Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics: Nutrient-gene interactions in humans and animals." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.274.

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Abstract Human beings evolved on a diet that was balanced in the omega-6 and omega-3 essential fatty acids to which their genes were programmed to respond. Studies on gene-nutrient interactions using methods from molecular biology and genetics have clearly shown that there are genetic differences in the population, as well as differences in the frequency of genetic variations that interact with diet and influence the growth and development of humans and animals, as well as overall health and chronic disease. Nutrigenetics refers to studies on the role of genetic variants and their response to diet. For example, persons with genetic variants in the metabolism of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids have different levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) based on the type of genetic variant in the Fatty Acid Desaturase 1 (FADS1) and Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 (FADS2). At the same level of linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) a person with a genetic variant that increases the activity of the FADS1 will have a higher AA in the red cell membrane phospholipids and a higher risk for obesity and cardiovascular disease. Nutrigenomics refers to how nutrients (diets) influence the expression of genes. For example, diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA decrease the expression of inflammatory genes and as a result decrease the risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease. Thus, through studies on Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics nutritional science stands at its “golden threshold” where personalized nutrition is the future, to improve an individual’s health.

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Ilyina, Irina, Natalya Zaporozhets, and Irina Machneva. "Directed transformation of food raw materials - as a key factor in the transition to “personalized nutrition”." BIO Web of Conferences 46 (2022): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224601001.

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In the article, based on the results of the analysis of the relationship between public health and the nutrition structure of the Russian population, the main problems are identified and tasks in the field of personalized dietetics, functional and specialized nutrition are updated. The key points in solving these problems, taking into account scientific and technological achievements in the field of biochemistry, nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and nutrimicrobiome in the 21st century, is the transition to "personalized nutrition". The main fundamental tasks in the field of agricultural science are determined, aimed primarily at identifying the patterns of transformation of food raw materials throughout the life cycle in order to create modern forms of food. On the example of pectin, it is shown that the study of the mechanisms and patterns of transformation of pectincontaining raw materials under the influence of physical, chemical, biotechnological methods in cooperation with scientists and specialists in the field of medicine and computer science makes it possible to create pectins with different chemical composition and structure and intended, in particular, for the prevention of intoxication heavy metals and organochlorine pesticides.

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Vesnina, Anna, Alexander Prosekov, Oksana Kozlova, and Victor Atuchin. "Genes and Eating Preferences, Their Roles in Personalized Nutrition." Genes 11, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11040357.

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At present, personalized diets, which take into account consumer genetic characteristics, are growing popular. Nutrigenetics studies the effect of gene variations on metabolism and nutrigenomics, which branches off further and investigates how nutrients and food compounds affect genes. This work deals with the mutations affecting the assimilation of metabolites, contributing to nutrigenetic studies. We searched for the genes responsible for eating preferences which allow for the tailoring of personalized diets. Presently, genetic nutrition is growing in demand, as it contributes to the prevention and/or rehabilitation of non-communicable diseases, both monogenic and polygenic. In this work, we showed single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes—missense mutations that change the functions of coded proteins, resulting in a particular eating preferences or a disease. We studied the genes influencing food preferences—particularly those responsible for fats and carbohydrates absorption, food intolerance, metabolism of vitamins, taste sensations, oxidation of xenobiotics, eating preferences and food addiction. As a result, 34 genes were identified that affect eating preferences. Significant shortcomings were found in the methods/programs for developing personalized diets that are used today, and the weaknesses were revealed in the development of nutrigenetics (inconsistency of data on SNP genes, ignoring population genetics data, difficult information to understand consumer, etc.). Taking into account all the shortcomings, an approximate model was proposed in the review for selecting an appropriate personalized diet. In the future, it is planned to develop the proposed model for the compilation of individual diets.

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Shi, Yu, Ping Li, Cheng-fei Jiang, Yi Chen, Yonghe Ma, Nikhil Gupta, Xiangbo Ruan, and Haiming Cao. "Identification of Accessible Hepatic Gene Signatures for Interindividual Variations in Nutrigenomic Response to Dietary Supplementation of Omega-3 Fatty Acids." Cells 10, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10020467.

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Dietary supplementation is a widely adapted strategy to maintain nutritional balance for improving health and preventing chronic diseases. Conflicting results in studies of similar design, however, suggest that there is substantial heterogenicity in individuals’ responses to nutrients, and personalized nutrition is required to achieve the maximum benefit of dietary supplementation. In recent years, nutrigenomics studies have been increasingly utilized to characterize the detailed genomic response to a specific nutrient, but it remains a daunting task to define the signatures responsible for interindividual variations to dietary supplements for tissues with limited accessibility. In this work, we used the hepatic response to omega-3 fatty acids as an example to probe such signatures. Through comprehensive analysis of nutrigenomic response to eicosapentaneoid acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) including both protein coding and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes in human hepatocytes, we defined the EPA- and/or DHA-specific signature genes in hepatocytes. By analyzing gene expression variations in livers of healthy and relevant disease populations, we identified a set of protein coding and lncRNA signature genes whose responses to omega-3 fatty acid exhibit very high interindividual variabilities. The large variabilities of individual responses to omega-3 fatty acids were further validated in human hepatocytes from ten different donors. Finally, we profiled RNAs in exosomes isolated from the circulation of a liver-specific humanized mouse model, in which the humanized liver is the sole source of human RNAs, and confirmed the in vivo detectability of some signature genes, supporting their potential as biomarkers for nutrient response. Taken together, we have developed an efficient and practical procedure to identify nutrient-responsive gene signatures as well as accessible biomarkers for interindividual variations.

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Kohlmeier, Martin, Raffaele De Caterina, Lynnette R. Ferguson, Ulf Görman, Hooman Allayee, Chandan Prasad, Jing X. Kang, Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti, and J. Alfredo Martinez. "Guide and Position of the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics on Personalized Nutrition: Part 2 - Ethics, Challenges and Endeavors of Precision Nutrition." Journal of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics 9, no. 1 (2016): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000446347.

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Larqué, Elvira. "XXXI Congress of the Spanish Nutrition Society (SEÑ) Cartagena (Spain), 15th to 17th September 2022. Topic: Personalized Nutrition and Health." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 78, Suppl. 3 (2022): 1–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000526374.

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It is a plaesaure to announce the celebration of the XXXI Congress of the Spanish Nutrition Society that will be held in Cartagena (Murcia, Spain), from September 15th to 17th, 2022. As is already a tradition in our society, the day before, on September 14th, the IX Meeting of young researchers will take place, aimed at promoting interaction and knowledge exchange among young people working in the field of nutrition and food in Spain. In addition, young reserachers will receive a workshop about how to produce videos of research with high impact in the social media. The congress will offer a scientific and multidisciplinary journey through all aspects related to a personalized diet from children to adults, healthy, safe and sustainable. The connections between lifestyles and chronic non-communicable diseases and especially obesity, will be updated, as well as precision nutrition, incorporating the outstanding advances in nutrigenomics, epigenetics and metabolomic markers. New evidence of healthy effects of bioactive, prebiotic and probiotic components is also contemplated, without forgetting the issue of food allergies and intolerances, which are increasingly prevalent in our society. The circular economy and the new preferences for sustainable and local food pose challenges that will also be addressed at the congress and in the sessions for young researchers. In addition, the problem generated by the dissemination of nutritional information poorly contrasted in the media and social networks will be considered. We encourage you to schedule these dates in your 2022 agenda to attend and participate in our congress, whose program we have designed with great enthusiasm. We would also like to extend the invitation to participate to companies and institutions related to food, which will help us reflect that optimal food is only achieved with the involvement of EVERYONE. We hope that the proposal of this congress will be attractive to you and that we can share enriching experiences in Cartagena, Spain. The program of the congress is available in the URL https://www.xxxicongresosen2022.com/index.asp Yours sincerely, Elvira Larqué Daza, Organizer of the Spanish Nutrition Society (SEÑ) Congress 2022, Cartagena, Spain. Salvador Zamora Navarro, Honour member from the Spanish Nutrition Society (SEÑ). María Puy Portillo Baquedano, President of the Spanish Nutrition Society (SEÑ).

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Vimaleswaran, Karani Santhanakrishnan, and G. Bhanuprakash Reddy. "Comment on “Guiding Global Best Practice in Personalized Nutrition Based on Genetics: The Development of a Nutrigenomics Care Map”." Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 121, no. 7 (July 2021): 1215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2021.04.016.

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Sikalidis, Angelos K. "From Food for Survival to Food for Personalized Optimal Health: A Historical Perspective of How Food and Nutrition Gave Rise to Nutrigenomics." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 38, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2018.1481797.

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McCarthy, Mary, Evelyn Elshaw, Barbara Szekely, Jennifer Honig, Autumn Thompson, Zachary Colburn, Laurel Gillette, Stanley Langevin, and Ka Yee Yeung-Rhee. "Impact of Precision Nutrition Counseling for Active Duty Service Members at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac078.013.

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Abstract Objectives Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterized by abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG), and hypertension; personalized nutrition counseling and wellness applications have demonstrated positive results for weight management when coupled with high levels of participant engagement and motivation. Methods In a prospective RCT RDs conducted personalized nutrition counseling using results of targeted sequencing, biomarkers, and expert recommendations to reduce risk for MetS. Treatment Group (TG) received six weekly sessions; Control Group (CG) received a pamphlet of expert recommendations upon randomization. A digital application provided real-time health data capture. Anthropometrics and BP were evaluated at baseline, 6, & 12 wks; biomarkers at baseline & 12 wks. Primary outcome was change in weight at 12 wks. Statistical analyses included descriptives and t-test or ANOVA; significance set at P < .05. Results 138 subjects enrolled from Nov 2019 - Feb 2021 between 2 sites [Northwest (NW) in WA; Southwest (SW) in TX]; 107 completed the study with n = 70 in the TG. Demographics: 66% male, mean age 31 yrs, 66% married, 49% Caucasian, non-Hispanic. There were no differences between TG and CG at baseline. High deleterious variant prevalence found for genes/SNPs associated with obesity (40%), cholesterol (38%), and BP (58%). 65% of subjects had 25(OH) D less than 30 ng/mL upon enrollment. In NW cohort primary outcome of change in weight at 12 wks was not significant p = .34. Significant difference at 6 wks noted for TG change in weight p = 0.02; fat mass p = .01; BMI p = 0.02; and % body fat p = 0.01. BP significant at 12 wks, both systolic (p = .04) and diastolic (p = .04). Change in 25(OH)D favored TG, p = 0.01. SW TG had greater reduction in waist circ p = .04 at 6 wks. Digital app had low adherence and poor correlation with ASA24 reference. Conclusions Significant progress was achieved in the TG at 6 weeks although not sustained at 12 weeks. The concept of nutrigenomics was well-received in this cohort. Funding Sources TriService Nursing Research Program.

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Fabozzi, Gemma, Giulia Verdone, Mariachiara Allori, Danilo Cimadomo, Carla Tatone, Liborio Stuppia, Marica Franzago, et al. "Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091918.

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Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between nutrition and female fertility. Different “fertile” dietary patterns have been studied; however, in humans, conflicting results or weak correlations are often reported, probably because of the individual variations in genome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome and the extent of exposure to different environmental conditions. In this scenario, “precision nutrition”, namely personalized dietary patterns based on deep phenotyping and on metabolomics, microbiome, and nutrigenetics of each case, might be more efficient for infertile patients than applying a generic nutritional approach. In this review, we report on new insights into the nutritional management of infertile patients, discussing the main nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and microbiomic aspects that should be investigated to achieve effective personalized nutritional interventions. Specifically, we will focus on the management of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is associated with several infertility-related diseases.

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Mai, Chun-Wai, Jennifer See Hui Tan, Gina Wan Lee Koay, and Lucas Yang Xian Lim. "Integrative Nutrition CARE in the Community—Starting with Pharmacists." Pharmacy 8, no. 3 (September 13, 2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8030170.

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Dietary supplementation is increasingly sought after by consumers looking to meet the demands of a modern lifestyle. Effective supplementation requires knowledge of the purpose and proper use of nutritional supplements. Unverified or inadequate guidance on supplementation can propagate misconceptions and increase undue fears of side effects. Community pharmacists are best placed to guide consumers on nutritional supplement use. In this review, a panel comprised of community pharmacists, pharmacy academia, and dietitians (n = 6) convened to provide an experience- and evidence-based guidance on rational drug use, patient education, and integrated and personalized nutrition care in both community and hospital pharmacy settings. A novel framework to guide community pharmacist-led consultations on supplementation is proposed. The four-step CARE (Categorize, Assess, Recommend, Empower) guide was developed to facilitate and optimize outcomes of pharmacist-led nutritional supplement consultation. Telehealth advancements in the form of digital health applications and personalized nutrigenomic DNA testing support Integrative Nutrition Care, and will further promote appropriate supplementation use to improve overall well-being in the community. Practical implementation of the CARE guide is necessary to ascertain its applicability for optimizing outcomes of pharmacist-led consultation and the recommendation of nutritional supplements.

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Hervina, Hervina, I. Dewa Made Sukrama, and I. Made Jawi. "IMPLEMENTATION NUTRIGENOMIC OF VITAMIN D IN PERIODONTITIS." Journal of Vocational Health Studies 6, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jvhs.v6.i1.2022.73-77.

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Background: Nutrition is a significant risk factor for the incidence of periodontal disease. Nutrients acting on the human genome, either directly or indirectly, can change the expression and structure of genes. One of the micronutrients associated with periodontitis is vitamin D. Vitamin D has an important role in bone and calcium metabolism and regulates serum calcium and phosphate concentrations at normal limits. Purpose: To discuss the nutritional vitamin D as an essential micronutrient in preventing and accelerating healing in periodontitis. Review: Searched two databases from article publication to April 2021, resulting in a total of 66 hits, from which seven relevant articles were selected. VDR signaling can build transcription of genes encoding proactive cytokines, bypassing the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin pathway, and can inhibit matrix metalloproteinase production. The protective mechanism of vitamin D against periodontitis occurs through two biological pathways, namely anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory pathways. The anti-microbial effect of vitamin D results from the binding of 1,25(OH)2D3 with VDR which then induces cAMP, b-def-2 and b-def-3 peptides by macrophages, monocytes, gingival epithelium and periodontal ligament epithelium. The anti-inflammatory effect occurs through decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: All the signaling effects of VDR can reduce bacteria induced in the inflammatory cytokines so that personalized vitamin D supplementation with an adjusted dose as needed can be used in preventing periodontitis or accelerating the healing of periodontitis.

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Carlberg, Carsten. "Nutrigenomics of Vitamin D." Nutrients 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11030676.

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Nutrigenomics studies how environmental factors, such as food intake and lifestyle, influence the expression of the genome. Vitamin D3 represents a master example of nutrigenomics, since via its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which binds with high-affinity to the vitamin D receptor, the secosteroid directly affects the epigenome and transcriptome at thousands of loci within the human genome. Vitamin D is important for both cellular metabolism and immunity, as it controls calcium homeostasis and modulates the response of the innate and adaptive immune system. At sufficient UV-B exposure, humans can synthesize vitamin D3 endogenously in their skin, but today’s lifestyle often makes the molecule a true vitamin and micronutrient that needs to be taken up by diet or supplementation with pills. The individual’s molecular response to vitamin D requires personalized supplementation with vitamin D3, in order to obtain optimized clinical benefits in the prevention of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, autoimmune diseases, and possibly different types of cancer. The importance of endogenous synthesis of vitamin D3 created an evolutionary pressure for reduced skin pigmentation, when, during the past 50,000 years, modern humans migrated from Africa towards Asia and Europe. This review will discuss different aspects of how vitamin D interacts with the human genome, focusing on nutritional epigenomics in context of immune responses. This should lead to a better understanding of the clinical benefits of vitamin D.

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Ray, Subhasree. "Micronutrient, Genome Stabili ty and Degenerative Diseases: Nutrigenomics Concept of Disease Prevention - An Overview." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 2, no. 3 (November 24, 2014): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.2.3.08.

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Diet is a key factor in determining genomic stability is more important than previously imagined because it impacts on all relevant pathways like exposure to dietary carcinogens, DNA repair, DNA synthesis, epigenetic damage and apoptosis. Recent research focuses into how a single micronutrient deficiency is leading to genomic instability and development of degenerative diseases in various stages of life.The study aimed at finding the nutrigenomic mechanism of how a marginal deficiency of any single micronutrient is interrupting in DNA repairing, methylation and synthesis by taking nutrient-nutrient and nutrient-gene interaction into consideration. It also focuses on how recommended dietary allowance is important in achieving DNA integrity and genome stability to prevent degenerative diseases.Exhaustive review of research papers in genome health nutrigenomicsis involved in this study to explore, assimilate and analyze data to understand the importance of micronutrient in maintaining methylation of CpG sequence and preventing DNA oxidation or uracil misincorporation in DNA to stop disease occurrence in individuals.The study finds a direct link between micronutrient deficiency and increased epigenomic damage, resulting into elevated risk for adverse health outcomes during various stages of life like infertility, tumor development and cancer. The overview study concludes with a vision for a paradigm shift in disease prevention strategy based on diagnosis and micro-nutritional intervention of genome or epigenome damage on an individual basis, i.e. personalized prevention of degenerative diseases in genome health clinic.

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Pajovic, Snezana. "Nutrigenomics." Genetika 40, no. 1 (2008): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr0801067p.

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Nutritional genomics, or nutrigenomics, is a promising multidisciplinary field that focuses on studying the interactions between nutritional factors, genetic factors and health outcomes. Its goal is to achieve more efficient individual dietary intervention strategies aimed at preventing disease, improving quality of life and achieving healthy aging. Scientific progress in nutrition, medical and food sciences is having an increasingly profound impact on consumer's approach to nutrition. There is a growing awareness that many chronic diseases are caused by unbalanced diet. In addition to disease prevention, the role of food as an agent for improving health has been proposed and a new class of food, so called functional food, has come into being. This term is used to indicate a food that contains some health-promoting components and not only traditional nutrients. From this point of view we could argue that many nutritional products belong to the family of functional food replete with bioactive peptides, antioxidants, probiotic bacteria, highly absorbable calcium, conjugated linoleic acid and other biologically active components. Knowledge gained from comparing diet/gene interactions in different populations may provide information needed to address the larger problem of global malnutrition and disease. .

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition'

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