Journal articles on the topic 'Nutrients perception'
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Lal, Milan Kumar, Eshita Sharma, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Rajni Devi, Udit Nandan Mishra, Richa Thakur, Rucku Gupta, et al. "Nutrient-Mediated Perception and Signalling in Human Metabolism: A Perspective of Nutrigenomics." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (September 25, 2022): 11305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911305.
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The interaction between selective nutrients and linked genes involving a specific organ reveals the genetic make-up of an individual in response to a particular nutrient. The interaction of genes with food opens opportunities for the addition of bioactive compounds for specific populations comprising identical genotypes. The slight difference in the genetic blueprints of humans is advantageous in determining the effect of nutrients and their metabolism in the body. The basic knowledge of emerging nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics can be applied to optimize health, prevention, and treatment of diseases. In addition, nutrient-mediated pathways detecting the cellular concentration of nutrients such as sugars, amino acids, lipids, and metabolites are integrated and coordinated at the organismal level via hormone signals. This review deals with the interaction of nutrients with various aspects of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics along with pathways involved in nutrient sensing and regulation, which can provide a detailed understanding of this new leading edge in nutrition research and its potential application to dietetic practice.
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Oldroyd, Giles E. D., and Ottoline Leyser. "A plant’s diet, surviving in a variable nutrient environment." Science 368, no. 6486 (April 2, 2020): eaba0196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0196.
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As primary producers, plants rely on a large aboveground surface area to collect carbon dioxide and sunlight and a large underground surface area to collect the water and mineral nutrients needed to support their growth and development. Accessibility of the essential nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the soil is affected by many factors that create a variable spatiotemporal landscape of their availability both at the local and global scale. Plants optimize uptake of the N and P available through modifications to their growth and development and engagement with microorganisms that facilitate their capture. The sensing of these nutrients, as well as the perception of overall nutrient status, shapes the plant’s response to its nutrient environment, coordinating its development with microbial engagement to optimize N and P capture and regulate overall plant growth.
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Verbeke, Wim, Isabelle Sioen, Zuzanna Pieniak, John Van Camp, and Stefaan De Henauw. "Consumer perception versus scientific evidence about health benefits and safety risks from fish consumption." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 4 (June 2005): 422–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004697.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the gap between consumer perception and scientific evidence related to health benefits and safety risks from fish consumption.DesignConsumer perceptions from a cross-sectional survey in March 2003 in Belgium were compared with scientific evidence based on a literature review.MethodA quota sampling procedure was used with age as quota control variable. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire including health benefit beliefs from fish, fish content and effect beliefs for nutrients and harmful substances.SubjectsAdults (n=429), who were the main person responsible for food purchasing in the household (284 women; 145 men), aged 18–83 years, from different regional, education, family size and income groups.ResultsFish is predominantly perceived as a healthy food that reduces risk for coronary heart disease, which corroborates scientific evidence. This perception is stronger among women than among men. In contrast with scientific evidence, 46% of the consumers believe that fish contains dietary fibre, whereas less than one-third is aware that fish contains omega-3 fatty acids and that this nutrient has a positive impact on human health. The gap between perception and evidence is larger among consumers with lower education. In general, consumers are better aware of the content and effect of harmful substances than of nutrients in fish.ConclusionsDespite conclusive evidence about the content and positive effect of omega-3 fatty acids in fish, related consumer awareness and beliefs are poor and often wrong. This study exemplifies the need for nutrition education and more effective communication about the health benefits of fish consumption.
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Raybould, H. E. "Visceral perception: sensory transduction in visceral afferents and nutrients." Gut 51, Supplement 1 (July 1, 2002): i11—i14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.51.suppl_1.i11.
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Delompré, Thomas, Elisabeth Guichard, Loïc Briand, and Christian Salles. "Taste Perception of Nutrients Found in Nutritional Supplements: A Review." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 2050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092050.
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Nutritional supplements are prescribed when one’s nutritional status is not conducive to good health. These foodstuffs constitute concentrated sources of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids. For nutritional supplements to be effective, patients must consume the amount that has been prescribed for the recommended period of time. Therefore, special attention must be given to the sensory attributes of these products. Indeed, the presence of active compounds can cause an off-taste or aftertaste. These negative sensations can lead to a reduction in the consumption of nutritional supplements and reduce the effectiveness of the treatment. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the sensory characteristics and the sensing receptor mechanism of the main compounds present in oral nutritional supplements, such as amino acids, minerals, fatty acids, and vitamins. Part of this article is devoted to the development of new masking strategies and the corresponding potential influence at the industrial level.
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Andrade, Fabiola Bof de, Arnaldo de França Caldas Junior, Pedro Makumbundu Kitoko, and Eliana Zandonade. "The relationship between nutrient intake, dental status and family cohesion among older Brazilians." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, no. 1 (January 2011): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011000100012.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between inadequate nutrient intake, oral health and family cohesion. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 887 non-institutionalized elderly people from Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Oral examination was performed by trained and calibrated examiners and three measurements were considered: number of posterior occluding pairs of natural teeth (POP), number of teeth and overall dental status. Nutrient intake was assessed by a 24-hour diet recall interview. The elderly person's perception of family cohesion was assessed using the family adaptability and cohesion scale. People with no POP were more likely than those with 5 or more POP to have inadequate intake of vitamin C (OR = 2.79; 95%CI: 1.16-6.71), calcium (OR = 3.74; 95%CI: 1.69-8.25), riboflavin (OR = 2.49; 95%CI: 1.10-5.64) and zinc (OR = 3.43; 95%CI: 1.07-10.94). There was no association between elderly people's perceptions of family cohesion and inadequate intakes. It was concluded that oral health is related to inadequate intake of important nutrients among non-institutionalized elderly people.
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Moon, Ji-Sun, and Jung-Hee Lee. "Eyelash Make-up and Treatment Recognition Division for Adult Women Product Satisfaction Study of Eyelash Nutrients." Korean Society of Beauty and Art 23, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18693/jksba.2022.23.4.127.
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This study aims to understand the relationship between adult women's perception of eyelash cosmetics and their satisfaction with eyelash nutrients. From October 2021 to April 2022, 203 adult women were surveyed using an online questionnaire to collect data on eyelash nutrient product satisfaction and general characteristics.
The data was analyzed using SPSS v. 25 Statistic program package. As a result of investigating using frequency analysis, factor analysis, technical statistical analysis, integrated variable analysis, correlation, and multiple regression analysis, it was found that functional recognition was highest in both eyelash makeup recognition and eyelash application recognition. Satisfaction with eyelash nutrients appeared in the order of product quality, product safety, and product sensitivity. It was confirmed that the higher the cosmetic, functional, and psychological awareness of eyelashes, the higher the product satisfaction with eyelash nutrients. (p<.05). As a result, it was confirmed that the higher the functional and psychological awareness of eyelash beauty among adult women, the higher the awareness of eyelash nutrients. By empirically analyzing the causal relationship between the awareness of eyelash beauty and eyelash nutrition, this research can provide quantitative data on the academic and topical aspects of the use of eyelash nutrition in the beauty industry.
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Chiba, Tsuyoshi, Nanae Tanemura, and Chiharu Nishijima. "The Perception of Minerals and Their Prevalence in Fortified Foods and Supplements in Japan." Nutrients 14, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 2586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132586.
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People’s intake of some minerals does not meet the nutrient reference values even in high-income countries. Recently, the deficiency of zinc and/or selenium has been considered to cause greater risk of COVID-19 infection and severity. To investigate consumer awareness, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire online survey among Japanese people (7500 males and 7500 females) concerning their perceptions of each mineral and the prevalence of mineral-fortified foods and/or mineral supplements. People’s perception of each mineral varied: the highest was for calcium (91.8%) and the lowest was for selenium (44.7%). In addition, only a portion of participants believed that they consumed a sufficient amount of each mineral; the highest was sodium (23.7%), and the lowest was manganese (5.2%). In addition, 18.2% of them felt that they could not consume enough sodium, even though most of the Japanese’s intake is excessive. Among mineral-fortified-food and/or mineral-supplement users, the purposes for these products were to maintain health (80.6%), supplement nutrients (48.0%), and prevent infectious diseases (23.2%). Only 18.4% of participants knew what amount they took. In conclusion, education is needed to prevent not only the insufficiency/deficiency of each mineral but also an excess intake of sodium.
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Andrade, Álvaro Antônio Xavier de, Rafael da Silva Teixeira, Rodrigo Nogueira de Sousa, Reinaldo Duque Brasil Landulfo Teixeira, Dênis Antônio da Cunha, and Emanuelle Mêrces Barros Soares. "A Case Study on the Dairy Project “Full Bucket” in Brazil: Socioeconomic and Environmental Characteristics in Areas Under Its Guidelines." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p515.
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Socioeconomic and environmental characteristics in areas under Brazilian Balde Cheio Project (BCP) were evaluated. Questionnaires were applied to identify productive and socioeconomic characteristics of small farmers, and farmers’ perceptions on the implementation and operation of BCP. Soil and water samples were also taken. It seems that farmer’s perception about the BCP is associated to their socioeconomic reality; while environmental issue does not have the same relevance. According to the farmers, it was verified increase of productivity, and financial income. All farmers agree that they have not followed carefully the NGO guidelines, which is a matter of concern, because the differences among reality farms. In studied soils were observed that organic carbon levels decreased in areas under the BCP management. The NO32-, Cl- and SO42- concentrations in the waters samples were below the maximum stipulated by Brazilian environmental legislation. However, it should be highlighted that high nutrient addition and low C input in the system, can result in high losses of nutrients and also CO2 into the atmosphere.
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Ueda, Yoshiaki, and Shuichi Yanagisawa. "Perception, transduction, and integration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutritional signals in the transcriptional regulatory network in plants." Journal of Experimental Botany 70, no. 15 (April 5, 2019): 3709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz148.
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Abstract Nitrate and phosphate ions are major sources of nitrogen and phosphorus for plants. In addition to their vital roles as indispensable macronutrients, these ions function as signalling molecules and induce a variety of responses. Plants adapt to different levels of nutrients by altering their gene expression profile and subsequent physiological and morphological responses. Advances made in recent years have provided novel insights into plant nutrient sensing and modulation of gene expression. Key breakthroughs include elucidation of the mechanisms underlying post-translational regulation of NIN-LIKE PROTEIN (NLP) and PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE (PHR) family transcription factors, which function as master regulators of responses to nitrate and phosphate starvation, respectively. Determination of the mechanisms whereby these nutrient signals are integrated through NIGT1/HHO family proteins has likewise represented important progress. Further studies have revealed novel roles in nutrient signalling of transcription factors that have previously been shown to be associated with other signals, such as light and phytohormones. Nitrate and phosphate signals are thus transmitted through an intricate gene regulatory network with the help of various positive and negative transcriptional regulators. These complex regulatory patterns enable plants to integrate input signals from various environmental factors and trigger appropriate responses, as exemplified by the regulatory module involving NIGT1/HHO family proteins. These mechanisms collectively support nutrient homeostasis in plants.
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Castronuovo, Luciana, Maria Victoria Tiscornia, Leila Guarnieri, Enrique Martins, Fabio S. Gomes, and Lorena Allemandi. "Efficacy of different front-of-package labeling systems in changing purchase intention and product healthfulness perception for food products in Argentina." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 46 (September 26, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.137.
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Objectives. To identify the front-of-package scheme—Multiple Traffic Light (MTL), Nutri-Score (NS), and black octagon Warning System (WS)—most effective in reducing purchase intention and perceived product healthfulness of drinking yogurts, cookies and cheese spreads, and to assess the joint influence of nutrient claims on the effects. Methods. Randomized-controlled experiment. A within-subjects factorial design was used to evaluate the influence of three independent factors on perceived product healthfulness and purchase intention. A total of 704 adults in Argentina were shown three mock-up products and asked to indicate which product they would buy choosing between pairs of products from different categories and to rate product healthfulness on a 7-point Likert scale. Results. The WS was the most effective in reducing purchase intention in drinking yogurts (OR:0.16, 95%CI: 0.09;0.28), cookies (OR:0.10, 95%CI: 0.05;0.18) and cheese spreads (OR:0.10, 95%CI: 0.05;0.18), and the perception of healthfulness (WS Mean score 3,63 vs No label 4,24, p<0.001), regardless of the participants’ gender, age, and level of education. NS was inefficacious in reducing product healthfulness perception, while MTL had significantly increased how healthful the product was perceived (p<0.001). Nutrient claims increased purchase intention and perception of healthfulness, thus reducing the effectiveness of front-of-package labels (p<0.001). Conclusions. In line with growing evidence, our findings support that WS perform better than NS and MTL in reducing purchase intention and healthfulness perception of products with excessive amounts of critical nutrients associated with the greatest burden of diseases. Front-of-package WS are expected to facilitate the population in Argentina to make healthier decisions.
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Lumba, Shelley, Michael Bunsick, and Peter McCourt. "Chemical genetics and strigolactone perception." F1000Research 6 (June 22, 2017): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11379.1.
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Strigolactones (SLs) are a collection of related small molecules that act as hormones in plant growth and development. Intriguingly, SLs also act as ecological communicators between plants and mycorrhizal fungi and between host plants and a collection of parasitic plant species. In the case of mycorrhizal fungi, SLs exude into the soil from host roots to attract fungal hyphae for a beneficial interaction. In the case of parasitic plants, however, root-exuded SLs cause dormant parasitic plant seeds to germinate, thereby allowing the resulting seedling to infect the host and withdraw nutrients. Because a laboratory-friendly model does not exist for parasitic plants, researchers are currently using information gleaned from model plants like Arabidopsis in combination with the chemical probes developed through chemical genetics to understand SL perception of parasitic plants. This work first shows that understanding SL signaling is useful in developing chemical probes that perturb SL perception. Second, it indicates that the chemical space available to probe SL signaling in both model and parasitic plants is sizeable. Because these parasitic pests represent a major concern for food insecurity in the developing world, there is great need for chemical approaches to uncover novel lead compounds that perturb parasitic plant infections.
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Contreras Hernández, Jesús, and Joan Ribas Serra. "Are nutrients also good to think?" Semiotica 2016, no. 211 (July 1, 2016): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0111.
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AbstractSince Lévi-Strauss’ declaration “good to think, good to eat,” the social sciences have supported the idea that foods first have to be edible for our minds and only subsequently physically digested by our organism. If so, then it is culture that creates the categories that we use to classify foods. But, with the process of nutrionalization, food is understood as a collection of biochemical nutrients that are necessary in order to achieve the balance needed to live a long and healthy life. The categories scientists use to classify our foods have changed considerably. This fact implies an important qualitative change in our perception of food and our diet in its totality. With food technology, nutrition and genetics food identification (identity?) escapes the reach of today’s citizens as members of each respective culture. In any case, even if our primary preoccupation seems to be exclusively nutrit ional, and today it is very easy to “modify” the foods we eat and create new combinations to “improve” our diet, we must not forget that those food habits that are damaging our health are also determined by sociocultural factors because when we “modify” the original composition of a food, it seems that we are acknowledging the importance of such sociocultural factors.
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Nogueira, Anne, Fátima Alves, and Paula Vaz-Fernandes. "The Nutritional Content of Rescued Food Conveyed by a Food Aid Organization." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 20, 2021): 12212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212212.
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Background: The number of food-insecure families in the European Union has increased, resulting in an increasing number of households depending on food assistance programs. The aim in this study was to evaluate the nutrient content of food rescued by a food aid organization that rescues and redistributes fresh or freshly cooked food to low-income households. Methods: To determine the nutritional content of food hampers provided by our case study organization, we weighed all items of food hampers in three weighing rounds over a period of four months. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) was applied to measure households’ food insecurity. Results: Our results show that, at our case study food aid organization, food donations substantially contribute to energy, macro, and micronutrient dietary recommendation intake (DRI). Conclusions: When evaluating how these nutrients contribute to alleviating food insecurity of the beneficiary households, we found that the perception of food insecurity is independent of the amount of nutrients served. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study measuring the nutritional content of fresh or freshly cooked rescued food conveyed by a food aid organization.
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Oswald, M., and B. D. Robison. "Strain-specific alteration of zebrafish feeding behavior in response to aversive stimuli." Canadian Journal of Zoology 86, no. 10 (October 2008): 1085–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z08-085.
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Behavioral management of risk, in which organisms must balance the requirements of obtaining food resources with the risk of predation, has been of considerable interest to ethologists for many years. Although numerous experiments have shown that animals alter their foraging behavior depending on the levels of perceived risk and demand for nutrients, few have considered the role of genetic variation in the trade-off between these variables. We performed a study of four zebrafish ( Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)) strains to test for genetic variation in foraging behavior and whether this variation affected their response to both aversive stimuli and nutrient restriction. Zebrafish strains differed significantly in their latency to begin foraging from the surface of the water under standard laboratory conditions. Fish fed sooner when nutrients were restricted, although this was only significant in the absence of aversive stimuli. Aversive stimuli caused fish to delay feeding in a strain-specific manner. Strains varied in food intake and specific growth rate, and feeding latency was significantly correlated with food intake. Our results indicate significant genetic variation in foraging behavior and the perception of risk in zebrafish, with a pattern of strain variation consistent with behavioral adaptation to captivity.
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Maulidin, Maulidin, and Dedy Darmansyah. "The Farmers' Perceptions of Processed Morage Leaf Pudding in Padang Village (Case study in Padang Village, Manggeng District, Aceh Barat Daya Regency)." Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance 1, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/economit.v1i4.587.
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Moringa is a plant which has a myriad of benefits, Moringa leaves which have complete nutritional content are very good for daily consumption to meet protein for the body, especially children in their infancy. This research was conducted in the village of Padang, Manggeng District, Southwest Aceh Regency, the purpose of this study was to find out how farmers' perceptions of processed Moringa leaf pudding in the village of Padang. From the research results, it is known that farmers' perceptions of processed Moringa leaves can be categorized as good, from the highest total value of the overall research results obtained a perception value of 92.67%, and the lowest value of 82.67%, this value indicates that farmers' perceptions of processed leaves Moringa is good and can be used for food to meet daily nutritional needs. The conclusion drawn in this study is that Moringa is a plant that contains a lot of nutrients that is easy to process as food and has an attractive color and good taste.
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Sari, Intan Puspita. "Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Desa Telemung, Kecamatan Kalipuro, Kabupaten Banyuwangi." Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jphrecode.v3i1.12151.
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ASI is an ideal source of nutrients with a balanced composition and in accordance with the growth needs of infants. The exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia has exceeded the target. However, there are still problems such as habits and beliefs in giving exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to describe the perceptions of the community towards exclusive breastfeeding in Telemung Village, Kalipuro District, Banyuwangi Regency. The study was conducted on July 2 to August 9, 2018. This study was a descriptive research using cross-sectional design. The sample selected by accidental sampling technique. The sample of this study is 80. This study reported that 88.3% respondents were female ages > 20 years old (98.8%) and ≤ 20 years old (1.3%). The majority of respondents were low educated (76.4%). The results of this study showed that 71.25% of respondents had sufficient perceptions of exclusive breastfeeding. The Study showed 58.8% of respondents agree that honey is useful for breastfeeding initiation, 37.5% of respondents agree that giving colostrum is not good for babies, 43.8% of respondents agree that formula milk can replace breast milk, and 52.5% respondents agree that breastfeeding can make a baby fat. Therefore, Puskesmas as a health care facility should improve efforts to provide information about exclusive breastfeeding through the government program PIS-PK (Indonesian Health Program With Family Approaches). Key words: Exclusive breastfeeding, nutrients, perception
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Jones, Gary, and Miles Richardson. "An objective examination of consumer perception of nutrition information based on healthiness ratings and eye movements." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 3 (March 2007): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007258513.
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AbstractObjectivePrevious research on nutrition labelling has mainly used subjective measures. This study examines the effectiveness of two types of nutrition label using two objective measures: eye movements and healthiness ratings.DesignEye movements were recorded while participants made healthiness ratings for two types of nutrition label: standard and standard plus the Food Standards Agency's ‘traffic light’ concept.SettingUniversity of Derby, UK.SubjectsA total of 92 participants (mean age 31.5 years) were paid for their participation. None of the participants worked in the areas of food or nutrition.ResultsFor the standard nutrition label, participant eye movements lacked focus and their healthiness ratings lacked accuracy. The traffic light system helped to guide the attention of the consumer to the important nutrients and improved the accuracy of the healthiness ratings of nutrition labels.ConclusionsConsumers have a lack of knowledge regarding how to interpret nutrition information for standard labels. The traffic light concept helps to ameliorate this problem by indicating important nutrients to which to pay attention.
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Abraham, John, and Irshad A. "Anxieties, concerns and facts about meat consumption and health: A Short Review." Issue 2 (November - December) 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51128/jfas.2020.a014.
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Meat from food animals is an important and long established dietary source of protein and essential nutrients. Many studies consistently reported that red and white meat can act as an important source of nutrients like iron, zinc, selenium and vitamin B12. However, various reports have also confirmed a positive correlation between meat consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease and colon cancer, which led to a negative perception of the role of animal protein source in health. The aim of this review is to highlight on existing literature on risks and benefits of meat consumption, focusing on anxieties, myths, concerns and accurate facts. While we investigate many such reports about the correlation between meat consumption and the risk of such diseses, we could identify several methodological limitations and inconsistencies, which may affect the validity of their research findings. There is no well-built report or study to support the recent conclusion from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) about red meat and its suspected role in colon cancer. Several cohort studies indicated the role of lean meat as positive moderator of lipid profiles as well as dietary source of anti-inflammatory long chain (LC) ω3 PUFAs and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). In conclusion, moderate level of meat consumption as part of a balanced diet is unlikely to increase risk for cardiovascular disease or colorectal cancer, but may unquestionably influence nutrient bioavailability and fatty acid profiles, thereby positively lead to better health benefits. Keywords: Meat consumption, red meat, conjugated linoleic acid, meat nutrients
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Palma-Morales, Marta, María Dolores Mesa-García, and Jesús R. Huertas. "Added Sugar Consumption in Spanish Children (7–12 y) and Nutrient Density of Foods Contributing to Such Consumption: An Observational Study." Nutrients 15, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030560.
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Background: Diets rich in free sugars are associated with an increased risk of obesity. The aim of the present study is to estimate the intake of added sugars in the population of Spanish children and analyze the quality of the foods that contribute to this intake. Methods: An observational study was conducted to collect self-reported information on weekly food consumption in 1775 Spanish children (7–12 years). Nutrient contents were obtained from different databases. Two nutritional density indices were constructed taking into account all nutrients provided and compared with two previously described indices. Results: The average consumption of added sugars in Spanish children was 55.7 ± 1.0 g/day. The products that most contributed to added sugar intake were biscuits (13.3%), cocoa powder (11.1%), sweetened yogurts (9.9%), and dairy desserts (8.6%). Among these, dairy products had considerable nutritional value. Parents’ perception of nutritional value was not aligned with the actual nutritional value. Conclusion: The consumption of added sugars was higher than recommended. Public awareness efforts should focus on: (1) the reduction of consumption of low-nutritional quality products containing high amounts of added sugars; (2) the industrial reformulation of most consumed products to reduce sugar content and increase valuable nutrients; and (3) nutritional education.
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Asriani, Asriani, Wa Embe, Fitria Nafu, and Dhian Herdhiansyah. "PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP AGRIBISNIS SAYURAN METODE HIDROPONIK STARTERKIT WICK DI KOTA KENDARI." Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v6i1.2595.
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Consumption of vegetables in the community continues to increase along with the increase in population. Hydroponics is an innovation in agriculture that was developed to increase vegetable production in order to support national food security. This study aims to determine public perception on the Starterkit Wick Hydroponic method of vegetable plants. The location of the study was conducted in Wawowanggu District, Kendari City. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative analysis method with a Likert Scale which is used to measure attitudes, opinions and people's perceptions of the Starterkit Wick Hydroponics method of vegetable plants. Based on the research results obtained by community perceptions of the Starterkit Wick Hydroponics program for vegetable crops based on factors such as narrow land use, good quality, free of pests and diseases, practical, many nutrients, rapid plant growth, suitable for urban areas and as agro-tourism. In general and overall public perceptions of the hydroponic method for starterkit wick systems are at an average value of 3.58 with a high category
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Liyanage, G., K. G. I. S. Anupama, and M. L. P. Sudarshini. "Acceptability of home fortification with multiple micro-nutrients among Sri Lankan children." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 22, 2021): e0261516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261516.
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Micronutrient deficiencies are mostly hidden; clinically less visible compared to macronutrient deficiencies. Food fortification with multiple micronutrients (MMN) is provided for children between 6–23 months, daily for two months at three-time points. We assessed the acceptance and adherence of this nutritional intervention in an urban community setting in Sri Lanka. This cross-sectional study enrolled caregivers of children aged 7 to 23 months with a cluster sampling method. Caregivers ’ acceptance of taste and smell, health gains, ease of use, and need perception (Cronbach’s reliability: 0.801) were assessed. Also, anemia knowledge (Cronbach’s reliability: 0.642), MMN knowledge, and reported adherence (number of sachets consumed per month) were evaluated through a self-administered questionnaire. Adequate adherence was defined as the use of ≥80% sachets. The univariate and multivariate statistical analysis examined the association of acceptability, adherence, and anemia knowledge with independent variables (socio-demographic, household characteristics, and knowledge). The survey included 153 respondents. The Median (range) age of children was 12 months (7–23). The mean (SD) acceptability score was 66.82% (9.78%). Acceptance of sensory qualities (smell/taste) had a lower score than perceived health benefit. Most consumed MMN adequately (72.5%). The mean (SD) anemia knowledge score was 62.20% (25.79%). In multivariate analysis, child’s age (OR: -0.360, 95% CI:-0.510,-0.211) and father’s education (OR: 2.148, 95% CI: 0.439, 3.857) were independently associated with acceptability. Child’s age (OR: -0.108, 95% CI:0.818, 0.985), anemia knowledge (OR:0.016, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.031) and acceptability (OR:0.236, 95% CI:1.140, 1.406) were significant determinants of adherence. Anemia knowledge was significantly associated with the mother’s education and household income when adjusted. In conclusion, unpleasant smell/taste and daily schedule were reported as barriers to MMN use. Yet, perception and trust regarding health benefits were encouraging. Reported adherence was somewhat high. Improving acceptability and anemia knowledge could enhance adherence further in this population.
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Fan, Guangsen, Chao Teng, Dai Xu, Zhilei Fu, Pengxiao Liu, Qiuhua Wu, Ran Yang, and Xiuting Li. "Improving Ethyl Acetate Production in Baijiu Manufacture by Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mixed Culture Fermentations." BioMed Research International 2019 (January 13, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1470543.
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Ethyl acetate content has strong influence on the style and quality of Baijiu. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y3401 on the production of ethyl acetate by Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y3604. Analysis of cell growth showed that Y3401 influences Y3604 by nutrient competition and inhibition by metabolites, while the effect of Y3604 on Y3401 was mainly competition for nutrients. Mixed fermentation with two yeasts was found to produce more ethyl acetate than a single fermentation. The highest yield of ethyl acetate was 2.99 g/L when the inoculation ratio of Y3401:Y3604 was 1:2. Synergistic fermentation of both yeasts improved ethyl acetate production and increased the content of other flavor compounds in liquid and simulated solid-state fermentation for Baijiu. Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a positive effect on ethyl acetate production in mixed culture and provides opportunities to alter the aroma and flavor perception of Baijiu.
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Dastugue, Aurélie, Cédric Le May, Séverine Ledoux, Cindy Le Bourgot, Pascaline Delaby, Arnaud Bernard, and Philippe Besnard. "Taste-Driven Responsiveness to Fat and Sweet Stimuli in Mouse Models of Bariatric Surgery." Biomedicines 10, no. 4 (March 22, 2022): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040741.
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A preferential consumption of healthier foods, low in fat and sugar, is often reported after bariatric surgery, suggesting a switch of taste-guided food choices. To further explore this hypothesis in well-standardized conditions, analysis of licking behavior in response to oily and sweet solutions has been realized in rats that have undergone a Roux-en-Y bypass (RYGB). Unfortunately, these studies have produced conflicting data mainly due to methodological differences. Paradoxically, whereas the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) becomes the most commonly performed bariatric surgery worldwide and is easier to perform and standardize in small animals, its putative impacts on the orosensory perception of energy-dense nutrients remains unknown. Using brief-access licking tests in VSG or RYGB mice, we found that (i) VSG induces a significant reduction in the fat mass in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, (ii) VSG partially corrects the licking responses to lipid and sucrose stimuli which are degraded in sham-operated DIO mice, (iii) VSG improves the willingness to lick oily and sucrose solutions in DIO mice and (iv) RYGB leads to close outcomes. Altogether, these data strongly suggest that VSG, as RYGB, can counteract the deleterious effect of obesity on the orosensory perception of energy-dense nutrients in mice.
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Arrington, Matthew, and Lisa Wasko DeVetter. "Foliar Applications of Calcium and Boron Do Not Increase Fruit Set or Yield in Northern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)." HortScience 52, no. 9 (September 2017): 1259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12207-17.
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Fruit set in northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) can be low under certain climatic conditions, contributing to reduced yields in northwestern Washington. The mechanisms influencing fruit set are complex, but reduced fruit set may be associated with inadequate nutrient availability during critical stages of flowering, ovule fertilization, and initial fruit development. Calcium (Ca) and boron (B) are of particular interest for reproductive developmental processes and are frequently applied annually by growers in the Pacific Northwest region because of the perception that these nutrients enhance fruit set and corresponding yields. Evaluation of commonly applied products containing these nutrients and their effects on fruit set and yield are of specific importance to justify the application of these nutrients. To address this, commercially available fertilizers containing Ca and B were applied to ‘Draper’ and ‘Bluecrop’ blueberry as foliar sprays, either alone or in combination, during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in northwestern Washington. Treatments included calcium chloride (750 and 1500 ppm Ca), calcium sulfate (150 ppm Ca), and tetra borate (125 and 250 ppm B) foliar sprays, repeated six times per season every 7–10 days from early pink bud through petal fall. No significant increases were observed for fruit set, estimated yield, and fruit quality (firmness and berry weight) across the treatments. Increased concentrations of B were observed in leaf tissues in 2015 and 2016, and to a lesser extent fruit tissues. Calcium remained unchanged regardless of treatment and tissue type. Under the conditions of this study, foliar applications of Ca and B did not lead to increased fruit set or yield. This research suggests that other approaches should be explored to increase fruit set and corresponding yields of highbush blueberry grown in northwest Washington.
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Ladabaum, Uri, Morton B. Brown, Wenqin Pan, Chung Owyang, and William L. Hasler. "Effects of nutrients and serotonin 5-HT3 antagonism on symptoms evoked by distal gastric distension in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 280, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): G201—G208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.2.g201.
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Distal gastric distension may contribute to meal-related dyspeptic symptoms. This study's aims were to determine the effects of distinct nutrient classes on symptoms induced by distal gastric distension and their dependence on 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptors. Nine healthy subjects rated pain, nausea, and bloating induced by isobaric distal gastric distensions (6–24 mmHg) during duodenal lipid, carbohydrate, protein, or saline perfusion after treatment with placebo or the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron (10 μg/kg iv). Distensions produced greater pain, nausea, and bloating with lipid at 1.5 kcal/min compared with saline ( P≤ 0.02), primarily because of greater distal gastric volumes at each distending pressure. In contrast, carbohydrate and protein had no significant effect. At 3 kcal/min, lipid increased symptoms through a volume-independent as well as a volume-dependent effect. Granisetron did not affect symptom perception or gastric pressure-volume relationships. In conclusion, isobaric distal gastric distension produces more intense symptoms during duodenal lipid compared with saline perfusion. Symptom perception during distal gastric distension is unaffected by 5-HT3 receptor antagonism.
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Shanahan, Fergus. "V. Mechanisms of immunologic sensation of intestinal contents." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 278, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): G191—G196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2000.278.2.g191.
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Immune perception of intestinal contents reflects a functional dualism with systemic hyporesponsiveness to dietary antigens and resident microflora (oral tolerance) and active immune responses to mucosal pathogens. This facilitates optimal absorption of dietary nutrients while conserving immunologic resources for episodic pathogenic challenge. Discrimination between dangerous and harmless antigens within the enteric lumen requires continual sampling of the microenvironment by multiple potential pathways, innate and adaptive recognition mechanisms, bidirectional lymphoepithelial signaling, and rigorous control of effector responses. Errors in these processes disrupt mucosal homeostasis and are associated with food hypersensitivity and mucosal inflammation. Mechanisms of mucosal immune perception and handling of dietary proteins and other antigens have several practical and theoretical implications including vaccine design, therapy of systemic autoimmunity, and alteration of enteric flora with probiotics.
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Cabrera, Manuel, Leandro Machín, Alejandra Arrúa, Lucía Antúnez, María Rosa Curutchet, Ana Giménez, and Gastón Ares. "Nutrition warnings as front-of-pack labels: influence of design features on healthfulness perception and attentional capture." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 18 (October 2, 2017): 3360–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001700249x.
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AbstractObjectiveWarnings are a new directive front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labelling scheme that highlights products with high content of key nutrients. The design of warnings influences their ability to catch consumers’ attention and to clearly communicate their intended meaning, which are key determinants of their effectiveness. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the influence of design features of warnings as a FOP nutrition labelling scheme on perceived healthfulness and attentional capture.DesignFive studies with a total of 496 people were carried out. In the first study, the association of colour and perceived healthfulness was evaluated in an online survey in which participants had to rate their perceived healthfulness of eight colours. In the second study, the influence of colour, shape and textual information on perceived healthfulness was evaluated using choice-conjoint analysis. The third study focused on implicit associations between two design features (shape and colour) on perceived healthfulness. The fourth and fifth studies used visual search to evaluate the influence of colour, size and position of the warnings on attentional capture.ResultsPerceived healthfulness was significantly influenced by shape, colour and textual information. Colour was the variable with the largest contribution to perceived healthfulness. Colour, size and position of the warnings on the labels affected attentional capture.ConclusionsResults from the experiments provide recommendations for the design of warnings to identify products with unfavourable nutrient profile.
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Ozores-Hampton, Monica, and Deron R. A. Peach. "Biosolids in Vegetable Production Systems." HortTechnology 12, no. 3 (January 2002): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.3.336.
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Land application and landfilling are the most common destination for biosolids in the United States. When properly treated and managed in accordance with the existing state and federal regulations and standards, biosolids are safe for the environment and human health. Application of biosolids in vegetable production as an organic amendment to soils can increase plant growth and produce comparable crop yields with less inorganic nutrients than a standard program of commercial synthetic fertilizers. No application rate of treated biosolids alone will produce crop yields equivalent to commercial fertilizers. Biosolids may be used in conjunction with fertilizer thus lessening the application rate required. The major obstacles to public acceptance are issues concerning water pollution, risk of human disease, and odors. Additionally, heavy metals are an issue of bias with public perception. To ensure safe use of biosolids to a vegetable production systems the agronomic rate (nutrient requirement of the vegetable crop grown) should be calculated before application for the specific crop.
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Magalhães, Vânia, Milton Severo, Duarte Torres, Elisabete Ramos, and Carla Lopes. "Characterizing energy intake misreporting and its effects on intake estimations, in the Portuguese adult population." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 6 (September 30, 2019): 1031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002465.
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AbstractObjective:The aim of the current study was to evaluate energy intake misreporting prevalence, its associated factors and its effects on nutrient intake, in the Portuguese population aged from 18 to 84 years.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Portugal.Subjects:Adults participants from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, IAN-AF, 2015–2016, who provided two complete 24 h dietary recall and complete covariate information.Results:Under, plausible and over-reporters were identified according to the Goldberg method. Total misreporting prevalence was 29·9 %, being 28·5 % of under-reporting and 1·4 % of over-reporting. The current study found higher odds of being classified as an under-reporter especially in participants with higher BMI and in those who self-reported health perception status as non-favourable. Energy intake estimation increases by 853.5 kJ/d (204 kcal/d) when misreporters are excluded, and the same tendency is observed for macro and micronutrients. It is worth mentioning that the prevalence of inadequacy for protein intake decreases by about 5 % when considering plausible reporters.Conclusions:The exclusion of misreporters has a small impact on the crude energy and nutrient estimates as well as on assessing the contribution of nutrients to total energy intake. However, a moderate impact was observed in the estimation of nutrient inadequacy prevalence.
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Roy, Jérôme, Elodie Baranek, Yvan Mercier, Laurence Larroquet, Anne Surget, Akintha Ganot, Franck Sandres, Anthony Lanuque, Frederic Terrier, and Loic Briand. "Involvement of Taste Receptors in the Oro-Sensory Perception of Nutrients in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fed Diets with Different Fatty Acid Profiles." Aquaculture Nutrition 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1152463.
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Taste perception plays an important role in an animal’s detection of nutrients, conveying key dietary information, fundamental for its growth and survival. Because alternative terrestrial ingredients are known to affect the feeding of rainbow trout (RT, Oncorhynchus mykiss), we aimed to assess the importance of taste receptors in detection. Using self-feeders, we examined the feeding behavior (30 days of a feeding trial followed by 10 days of a preference trial) of RT fed with a commercial diet (C), vegetable diets supplemented with linseed oil (V1) or algal oil (V2). During the feeding trial those fed V2 decreased their food intake. The preference trial revealed that fish preferred V2 v. C and V1 v. V2 for fish which had consumed V1 and C during their feeding trial. Mechanistically, taste receptors were mainly expressed in taste organs and regulated by diet, which indicated the function of the taste receptors. Some taste receptors for fatty acids (such as the ffar receptor) and amino acids (such as the tasr receptor) were highly expressed in the RT tongue. While ffar2a transcripts were upregulated by vegetal diets in the tongue, ffar1 and ffar4, known for important roles in mammals, were very low expressed and not found in the RT genome, respectively. Overall findings show that RT displayed the fundamental mechanisms for oro-gustatory perception of nutrients related to different diet composition.
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Kim, Jeong-Weon. "College Students’ Perception on Sustainable Diets." Korean Association of Practical Arts Education 35, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24062/kpae.2022.35.3.1.
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With with rapid change of climate, sustainable diets considering environmental, economic and social aspects of food system emerged as an important concept worldwide. In this study, the college students’ perceptions on sustainable diets were examined to diagnose their level of understanding and to be used for their future education. The basic data were collected from 115 college students taking an on-line class on food and diets in 2020 and 2021 located in Seoul. The word files of each report were analyzed by using Taguette program, an open-source software for qualitative research and Microsoft Excel. The results were as following. Firstly, the words occurred in the respondents’ mind by sustainable diets were health, environment, being eco-friendly, nutrition/nutrients in order. Abstract concepts occurred by sustainable diets were Health and nutrition, environment and being eco-friendly, and definite concepts related with food were vegetables, organic/no pesticide vegetables, local food, fruits, cooked rice for positive aspect and fast food/instant food, food waste for negative aspect. Secondly, the phrases describing the characteristics of sustainable vs non-sustainable diets were suggested as eco-friendly vs environmental contamination/destroy, health vs non-health, nutritionally balanced diet vs non-balanced diet/diet, eating proper amount vs overeating/eating at night, natural food vs processed food, vegetarian diet/vegetables vs meat diet/meat. Based on the results, the respondents seemed to perceive that sustainable diets are eco-friendly, healthy and nutritionally balanced diets by consuming proper amount of natural or vegetable food rather than process food. Thirdly, the definition of sustainable diets described as a sentence could be categorized into 9 groups by the key words of environment, health, and future. And the most frequent one was a diet that protects environment as well as human health. Above results showed that the respondents do not perceive social and economic aspects of sustainable diets other than envrionment and health when compared with the defition of FAO, the 3rd National Food Education Plan and concept of sustainability. Therefore, social and economic aspects of sustainable diet along with environment and health should be stressed and further education needs to be provided for college students to practice sustainable diets in their daily life.
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Platta, Anna, and Tomasz Pukszta. "ELDERLY PEOPLE‘S PERCEPTION OF NEW AND CONVENIENCE FOODS WITH HEALTH BENEFITS." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2228.
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Attitudes with regard to food are good predictors of behavior and a good knowledge of it plays an important part in dietary education according to different groups of the population especially high-risk groups lacking nutrients. An evaluation of attitudes of persons aged 65+ with regard to new and unknown food as well as the acquaintance and degree of approval presented in examining convenience products with health-focused properties was the main aim of the research. The level of neophobia of dietary practices in terms of the examined group of women was lower comparing to the level in men. Consumption and/or the desire for trying out new, unknown food of a high nutritional value by the group of seniors aged 60+ is beneficial and can be used to popularize health-focused dietary practices in this population group. Therefore, taking educational actions by producers of convenience food with health-focused properties is vital and should be aimed at propagating a health-focused model of eating in circles of elderly people. Such undertakings should be based on quality features of the product, the need for rational trophism and the influence of bioactive elements on health.
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Quilty, J. R., and S. R. Cattle. "Use and understanding of organic amendments in Australian agriculture: a review." Soil Research 49, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr10059.
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A wide range of organic amendments (OA) is currently available to Australian farmers. These products have numerous agronomic applications, including the supply of plant nutrients, control of pests and diseases, and in management of soil health. Several of these products are also used in contaminated and degraded land remediation. The most commonly identifiable groups of OA in Australia are composts, compost teas, vermicasts, humic substances, meat, blood and bone meal, fish hydrolysates, seaweed extracts, bio-inoculants, biodynamic products, and biochars. Many of these OA contain nutrients within organic molecular structures; these nutrients are usually not immediately available to plants and must first be mineralised. Mineralisation often occurs as OA are consumed by microbes, thereby stimulating soil microbial activity. The application of OA such as bio-inoculants, humic substances, and seaweed extracts can potentially stimulate crop growth and development through the actions of plant growth-promoting hormones, including cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins. Yet despite these apparent benefits, the widespread adoption of OA in Australia has been limited, due in part to the high application rates required to produce agronomic benefits, a lack of consistency in the composition of some products, a poor public perception of their utility, and a lack of unbiased scientific research into the agricultural potential of these products.
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Vorster, Hester H., John H. Cummings, and Johann C. Jerling. "Diet and haemostatic processes." Nutrition Research Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1997): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/nrr19970007.
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AbstractDiet plays an important role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The growing perception that abnormal haemostatic processes of coagulation, platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis contribute to cardiovascular disease aetiology motivated this review on the relationships of diet, specific foods and nutrients with haemostatic function. Functional endpoints that reflect the function and status of some of these processes and which can be measured in dietary trials are identified. The effects of energy intake and expenditure, alcohol, total fat and specific fatty acids, non-starch polysaccharides (dietary fibre), antioxidant nutrients and some foods on a variety of haemostatic markers are reviewed. The results indicate that the prudent low-fat, high-fibre diet and maintenance of ideal body weight recommended to protect against and treat hyperlipidaemia and coronary heart disease will also benefit haemostatic profiles. It is concluded that more research on specific effects is needed for improved recommendations on a population level for prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Mir, Shakeel Ahmad, Nasir Bashir Naikoo, Fehim Jeelani Wani, M. H. Chesti, Inayat Khan, Eajaz Ahmad Dar, Bodiga Divya, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Soil Quality Assessment and Its Perception by Rice Farmers." Land 11, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091401.
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The present study was conducted in three villages of district Budgam in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, to find out how farmers differentiate the quality of soils and to determine the level of concurrence between farmers perception and scientific assessment of soil quality. Five fields in each village were selected and ranked on the basis of soil quality indices computed from the minimum data set of indicators, including plant available nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, OC, BD, WHC (water holding capacity), CEC (cation exchange capacity) as well as microbial count. The respondents ranked the same 5 selected fields on the bases of their experience and perceptions of soil quality. The study reveals that 58% of farmers ranked the best soils correctly whereas, the percentage of farmers who ranked 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th soils correctly was 40, 30, 40, and 45%, respectively. The study found that a greater number of farmers from the remotest village Dalwash were able to judge the soils properly, thereby indicating more profound knowledge and better cognitive abilities to understand soils in the local context. The results divulged by the current study highlight the remarkable local soil knowledge of the farmers and therefore, linking this knowledge system with scientific concepts would prove valuable for sustained land-use management.
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Bakare, B. F., S. Mtsweni, and S. Rathilal. "A pilot study into public attitudes and perceptions towards greywater reuse in a low cost housing development in Durban, South Africa." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 6, no. 2 (October 21, 2015): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2015.076.
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The benefits of greywater reuse have been identified to include the protection of water resources, recovery of nutrients for agriculture, savings in fresh water usage, reduction in volumes of wastewater discharged into wastewater treatment works, groundwater recharge and sustainable water resource management. An understanding of public attitude and perceptions towards the reuse of greywater will help to facilitate a positive reaction to the promotion of such concepts. The study involved administering of structured questionnaires to residents within the community through field visits. The questionnaire addressed issues related to attitudes towards the reuse of greywater, perceived advantages related to the reuse of greywater and concerns related to public health issues regarding the reuse of greywater. A total number of 346 questionnaires were administered and respondents were aged from less than 19 to over 60 years. Of the respondents, 55% were female and 45% male. The findings revealed a complex and shifting relationship between attitudes towards and perception of the reuse of greywater. This paper thus presents the findings and assesses certain aspects of greywater reuse.
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Scribani Rossi, Chiara, Laura Barrientos-Moreno, Alessio Paone, Francesca Cutruzzolà, Alessandro Paiardini, Manuel Espinosa-Urgel, and Serena Rinaldo. "Nutrient Sensing and Biofilm Modulation: The Example of L-arginine in Pseudomonas." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 4386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084386.
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Bacterial biofilm represents a multicellular community embedded within an extracellular matrix attached to a surface. This lifestyle confers to bacterial cells protection against hostile environments, such as antibiotic treatment and host immune response in case of infections. The Pseudomonas genus is characterised by species producing strong biofilms difficult to be eradicated and by an extraordinary metabolic versatility which may support energy and carbon/nitrogen assimilation under multiple environmental conditions. Nutrient availability can be perceived by a Pseudomonas biofilm which, in turn, readapts its metabolism to finally tune its own formation and dispersion. A growing number of papers is now focusing on the mechanism of nutrient perception as a possible strategy to weaken the biofilm barrier by environmental cues. One of the most important nutrients is amino acid L-arginine, a crucial metabolite sustaining bacterial growth both as a carbon and a nitrogen source. Under low-oxygen conditions, L-arginine may also serve for ATP production, thus allowing bacteria to survive in anaerobic environments. L-arginine has been associated with biofilms, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. L-arginine is also a key precursor of regulatory molecules such as polyamines, whose involvement in biofilm homeostasis is reported. Given the biomedical and biotechnological relevance of biofilm control, the state of the art on the effects mediated by the L-arginine nutrient on biofilm modulation is presented, with a special focus on the Pseudomonas biofilm. Possible biotechnological and biomedical applications are also discussed.
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Xiang, Caihong, Jing Luo, Guilian Yang, Minghui Sun, Hanmei Liu, Qiping Yang, Yufeng Ouyang, et al. "Dietary Supplement Use during Pregnancy: Perceptions versus Reality." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 4063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074063.
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This study aimed to examine the prevalence, associated factors and perceptions of dietary supplement use among pregnant Chinese women. A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data about prevalence, purchase channels, perceptions, and related factors of dietary supplement use from 572 pregnant women, through a face-to-face survey, using a self-designed questionnaire. Of the respondents, 94.8% used at least one dietary supplement, whereas 29.8% used more than four supplements in the previous month. The majority of the pregnant women were highly educated (81.2% had a bachelor’s degree or above) and had the perception that dietary supplements could prevent and improve (89.2%), or treat, nutrition-related diseases (78.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that pregnant women who had used multiple (more than four) supplements were more likely to have a larger gestational age, received fertility treatment, more prenatal visits, and hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Furthermore, pregnant women not only purchased dietary supplements through hospitals (72.6%) and pharmacies (45.1%), but overseas Daigou or online purchases (31.8%) were also a major channel of purchase. A high prevalence of dietary supplement use during pregnancy was observed, with extensive and repeated consumption of nutrients. Pregnant women’s craze for dietary supplements calls for more comprehensive guidelines in China.
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Leung, Ryan, and Mihai Covasa. "Do Gut Microbes Taste?" Nutrients 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 2581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082581.
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Gut microbiota has emerged as a major metabolically active organ with critical functions in both health and disease. The trillions of microorganisms hosted by the gastrointestinal tract are involved in numerous physiological and metabolic processes including modulation of appetite and regulation of energy in the host spanning from periphery to the brain. Indeed, bacteria and their metabolic byproducts are working in concert with the host chemosensory signaling pathways to affect both short- and long-term ingestive behavior. Sensing of nutrients and taste by specialized G protein-coupled receptor cells is important in transmitting food-related signals, optimizing nutrition as well as in prevention and treatment of several diseases, notably obesity, diabetes and associated metabolic disorders. Further, bacteria metabolites interact with specialized receptors cells expressed by gut epithelium leading to taste and appetite response changes to nutrients. This review describes recent advances on the role of gut bacteria in taste perception and functions. It further discusses how intestinal dysbiosis characteristic of several pathological conditions may alter and modulate taste preference and food consumption via changes in taste receptor expression.
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Juárez, Manuel, Stephanie Lam, Benjamin M. Bohrer, Michael E. R. Dugan, Payam Vahmani, Jennifer Aalhus, Ana Juárez, Oscar López-Campos, Nuria Prieto, and Jose Segura. "Enhancing the Nutritional Value of Red Meat through Genetic and Feeding Strategies." Foods 10, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040872.
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Consumption of red meat contributes to the intake of many essential nutrients in the human diet including protein, essential fatty acids, and several vitamins and trace minerals, with high iron content, particularly in meats with high myoglobin content. Demand for red meat continues to increase worldwide, particularly in developing countries where food nutrient density is a concern. Dietary and genetic manipulation of livestock can influence the nutritional value of meat products, providing opportunities to enhance the nutritional value of meat. Studies have demonstrated that changes in livestock nutrition and breeding strategies can alter the nutritional value of red meat. Traditional breeding strategies, such as genetic selection, have influenced multiple carcass and meat quality attributes relevant to the nutritional value of meat including muscle and fat deposition. However, limited studies have combined both genetic and nutritional approaches. Future studies aiming to manipulate the composition of fresh meat should aim to balance potential impacts on product quality and consumer perception. Furthermore, the rapidly emerging fields of phenomics, nutrigenomics, and integrative approaches, such as livestock precision farming and systems biology, may help better understand the opportunities to improve the nutritional value of meat under both experimental and commercial conditions.
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ADEYEYE, O. A., O. T. ONIFADE, and O. A. ADESINA. "COTTON FARMERS’ PERCEPTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 15, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v15i2.1975.
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Climate change has been a major threat to agriculture in Nigeria. This study was carried out in Imeko Afon Local Government Area. Purposive selection of all practicing cotton farmers (54) at the time of survey was made from the study area. The mean age of respondents is 56years. The household size is 7persons and the average annual income is N9, 972.00k. The mean score of famers’ perception about the climate change and its effects on cotton production is 2.62. Farmers’ stated that there is an increase temperature due to change in climatic condition (Ẍ= 3.45, S.D ± 1.152), and fluctuation in rainfall pattern (Ẍ= 4.04, S.D ± 0.999). Adopted coping strategies to cushion effects of climate change include; increase use of agro-chemicals (Ẍ = 3.35, S.D ± 0.677), integrated weed pest management (Ẍ = 3.44, S.D ± 0.839) and application of fertilizer to improve the depleted soil nutrients (Ẍ = 3.19, S.D ± 0.646). Results indicates a significant relationship between respondents perceived effects on climate change and coping strategies (r =0.890**, P< 0.05). The study recommends that government agricultural and meteorological agencies should provide timely information to farmers on the climate and means of ameliorating the effects of climate change.
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Smol, Marzena. "Transition to Circular Economy in the Fertilizer Sector—Analysis of Recommended Directions and End-Users’ Perception of Waste-Based Products in Poland." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 17, 2021): 4312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144312.
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Circular economy (CE) is an economic model, in which raw materials remain in circulation as long as possible and the generation of waste is minimized. In the fertilizer sector, waste rich in nutrients should be directed to agriculture purposes. This paper presents an analysis of recommended directions for the use of nutrient-rich waste in fertilizer sector and an evaluation of possible interest in this kind of fertilizer by a selected group of end-users (nurseries). The scope of research includes the state-of-the-art analysis on circular aspects and recommended directions in the CE implementation in the fertilizer sector (with focus on sewage-based waste), and survey analysis on the potential interest of nurseries in the use of waste-based fertilizers in Poland. There are more and more recommendations for the use of waste for agriculture purposes at European and national levels. The waste-based products have to meet certain requirements in order to put such products on the marker. Nurserymen are interested in contributing to the process of transformation towards the CE model in Poland; however, they are not fully convinced due to a lack of experience in the use of waste-based products and a lack of social acceptance and health risk in this regard. Further actions to build the social acceptance of waste-based fertilizers, and the education of end-users themselves in their application is required.
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Rodrěguez, Elsa M., Beatriz Lupěn, and Victoria Lacaze. "Factors Affecting the frequency of fresh potatoes' purchasing: An urban study case in Argentina." ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE, no. 2 (November 2012): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ecag2012-002007.
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When purchasing food, consumers make their choices by comparing prices and qualities. As a wide and subjective notion, food quality deals with different kinds of attributes. They could be either verified by consumers or not before or after purchasing food e.g., colour, taste/flavor, nutritional facts, added substances during the productive processes, risks perceptions, and retail channel preferences. The aim of this research is to examine consumers' preferences for fresh potatoes quality attributes and also to identify those factors associated to purchases of potato of better quality. Data come from a household survey conducted in Mar del Plata city, Argentina, in June 2009. A representative sample of the population included 500 randomly selected households. Related to potato nutrients, 50% of the sample mentioned at least one nutrient (carbohydrates 83%, vitamins 24%, potassium 16%, and fibre 12%). Households with many members have a higher probability to consume fresh potato more frequently than smaller households, and older respondents consume fresh potato more frequently than younger individuals. Households considering potato as a relevant component of a balanced diet are likely to consume fresh potatoes more frequently than households that did not emphasized the role of this product in their meals. Consumer perception about the relationship between price and quality showed that the higher educational level, the lower the number of respondents who declared that the price is a trustful sign of quality. Finally, when asked about willingness-to-pay for fresh potatoes of better quality, 34% of households were willing to pay a premium of 0.13 US$/kg and 19% were willing to pay a price premium of 0.26 US$/kg.
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Taillie, Lindsey Smith, Marissa G. Hall, Barry M. Popkin, Shu Wen Ng, and Nandita Murukutla. "Experimental Studies of Front-of-Package Nutrient Warning Labels on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Ultra-Processed Foods: A Scoping Review." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (February 22, 2020): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020569.
Full textAbstract:
Policies that require front-of-package (FoP) nutrient warnings are becoming increasingly common across the globe as a strategy to discourage excess consumption of sugary drinks and ultra-processed food. However, a better understanding of the pathway through which FoP nutrient warnings work, as well as a review of how outcomes being measured in recent studies map onto this pathway, are needed in order to inform policy on the most effective FoP label design for reducing purchases of ultra-processed foods. This scoping review describes a conceptual model for how FoP nutrient warnings affect consumer behavior, examines which of these outcomes are currently being measured, and summarizes evidence from randomized controlled experiments. Twenty-two studies which experimentally tested nutrient warnings against a control label or other labeling systems were included for full-text review. Our conceptual model includes attention; comprehension, cognitive elaboration, and message acceptance; negative affect and risk perception; behavioral intentions, and behavioral response, along with other elements such as external factors and interpersonal communications. We found that many studies focused on outcomes such as attention, comprehension, and behavioral intentions, but considerable gaps in the evidence remain, particularly for intermediary steps on the pathway to behavioral change, such as negative affect and social interactions. FoP nutrient warnings were visually attended to by consumers, easy to understand, helped consumers identify products high in nutrients of concern, and discouraged them from purchasing these products, although other labeling systems were perceived as containing more information and performed better at helping consumers rank the healthfulness of products. More research is needed to understand whether and how nutrient warnings work in the real world to discourage consumer purchases of sugary drinks and ultra-processed food.
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Aroke, Edwin, Keesha Powell-Roach, Rosario Jaime-Lara, Markos Tesfaye, Abhrarup Roy, Pamela Jackson, and Paule Joseph. "Taste the Pain: The Role of TRP Channels in Pain and Taste Perception." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16 (August 18, 2020): 5929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165929.
Full textAbstract:
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of cation transmembrane proteins that are expressed in many tissues and respond to many sensory stimuli. TRP channels play a role in sensory signaling for taste, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and nociception. Activation of TRP channels (e.g., TRPM5) in taste receptors by food/chemicals (e.g., capsaicin) is essential in the acquisition of nutrients, which fuel metabolism, growth, and development. Pain signals from these nociceptors are essential for harm avoidance. Dysfunctional TRP channels have been associated with neuropathic pain, inflammation, and reduced ability to detect taste stimuli. Humans have long recognized the relationship between taste and pain. However, the mechanisms and relationship among these taste–pain sensorial experiences are not fully understood. This article provides a narrative review of literature examining the role of TRP channels on taste and pain perception. Genomic variability in the TRPV1 gene has been associated with alterations in various pain conditions. Moreover, polymorphisms of the TRPV1 gene have been associated with alterations in salty taste sensitivity and salt preference. Studies of genetic variations in TRP genes or modulation of TRP pathways may increase our understanding of the shared biological mediators of pain and taste, leading to therapeutic interventions to treat many diseases.
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Voytyuk, Mariya, and Daniel Hruschka. "Cognitive Differences Accounting for Cross-cultural Variation in Perceptions of Healthy Eating." Journal of Cognition and Culture 17, no. 1-2 (February 8, 2017): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342194.
Full textAbstract:
What counts as healthy eating varies both within and across cultures. While people often focus on specific foods and nutrients, the timing and style of eating (eating context) can also be an important consideration, and one that appears to vary across cultures. One possible explanation for this variation is differences in basic cognition, with holistic thinking in collectivist cultures favouring contextual factors. We assess this hypothesis by examining perceptions between two cultural groups that vary in collectivism. In study 1, we investigate whether residents of Ukraine place more importance on considerations of eating context than residents of the usa. In study 2, we test whether this between-country difference is due to the mediating effect of individual differences in collectivism. Ukrainian participants consistently placed more importance on context (Cohen’s d = 0.71–0.84; p < 0.01) and were more collectivist (Cohen’s d = 0.95, p < 0.001). A mediation analysis shows that collectivism significantly mediates the effect of nationality on context endorsement, and renders the effect of nationality non-significant (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the holistic pattern of attention might extend to the domain of nutrition and may account for some cross-cultural differences in perceptions of healthy eating. We briefly discuss the benefits of perception focused on the context of eating, such as decreased burden of self-regulation in a food-rich environment.
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Asrijal, Asrijal, and Ambo Upe. "Analisis Serapan Hara Nitrogen dan Fosfor Tanaman Kedelai." Jurnal Ecosolum 7, no. 1 (October 11, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ecosolum.v7i1.5212.
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Experimental research will be executed on farm of rice field sample in BPP Palaguna at Wajo Regency. Obstetrical nutrients Analysis of crop and soil will be done in soil Fertility Laboratory, soil sciences department of Faperta Unhas. This Research aim to analyze the ability of nutrients absorption of soy and maize with the mulch application on rice field rainfed. Research will be done/conducted by using Factorial Device in Group ( RDG). First Factor that is crop type with three treatment level that is L1 = Soy; L2 = Maize; and L3 = Maize + Soy. Second Factor is with mulch (M1) and without mulch (M0). Every treatment unit repeated by 3 times, so there are 18 plot, added a plot which is not cultivated as control for the perception of dynamics of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorous (P) without palawija cultivation. Reason of the crop election for example because both types of the crop have their own system of root and different morphology characteristic which their possibility will influence the ability of conservation N. Result of analysis indicate that ability of absorption of N and P of maize and soy is better with the mulch application on rice field rainfed
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Sari, Dyah Purnama, Siti Helmyati, Titi Nurma Sari, and Yayuk Hartriyanti. "HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI IBU TENTANG STATUS GIZI ANAK DENGAN PERILAKU IBU DALAM PEMBERIAN MAKAN ANAK." Journal of Nutrition College 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v10i2.30343.
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Background: One of the factors influencing a child's nutritional status is their mother's or caregivers feeding practice. Mother's behavior in feeding their child is affected by many factors such as social & economic factor, the perception of their child's nutritional status and nutrition knowledge. Objective: To determine the correlation between mothers' knowledge about nutrition and behavior in feeding practice; and the correlation between mothers' perception about their children's nutritional status and behavior in feeding practice (energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate). Methods: This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The samples of this study were 89 pairs of mothers and their child who aged between 1 – 5 years selected by cluster sampling. The subjects of this study took place in HDSS's region, which were Ngaglik and Sleman Districts, Sleman Regency, DI Yogyakarta. This study uses a questionnaire about mothers' perception and knowledge and uses a recall 24-hours to measure the mothers' behavior. The analysis techniques used in this study were Mann Whitney Test and Gamma Test.Results: In general, most mothers have excessive feeding behavior to their child. Mothers with high levels of knowledge tend to have excessive feeding behavior for their child in all nutrients categories. However, mothers with a low level of knowledge tend to have less feeding behavior for energy and fat categories. There are significant correlations between mothers’ knowledge about nutrition with mothers’ feeding practice (p-value <0.001; 0.015; <0.001 and 0.001, respectively). But there is no significant correlation between mothers' perception of their children's nutritional status and mothers' feeding practice for energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat (p-value 0.854; 0.933; 0.594 and 0.985, respectively). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between mothers' knowledge about nutrition and mothers' feeding practice. On the other hand, there is no significant correlation between mothers' perception of their children's nutritional status and mothers' feeding practice.
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Kayitesi, Eugénie, Ogheneyoma Onojakpor, and Siphosanele Mafa Moyo. "Highlighting the Impact of Lactic-Acid-Bacteria-Derived Flavours or Aromas on Sensory Perception of African Fermented Cereals." Fermentation 9, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9020111.
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Sensory characteristics and flavour profiles of lactic-acid-fermented foods are influenced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) metabolic activities. The flavour compounds released/produced are directly linked to the sensory characteristics of fermented cereals. African fermented cereals constitute a staple, frequently consumed food group and provide high energy and essential nutrients to many communities on the continent. The flavour and aroma characteristics of fermented cereal products could be correlated with the metabolic pathways of fermenting microorganisms. This report looks at the comprehensive link between LAB-produced flavour metabolites and sensory attributes of African fermented cereals by reviewing previous studies. The evaluation of such data may point to future prospects in the application of flavour compounds derived from African fermented cereals in various food systems and contribute toward the improvement of flavour attributes in existing African fermented cereal products.