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Parry, Julianne Mary, and j. m. parry@cqu edu au. "The Effect of Workplace Exposure on Professional Commitment: A Longitudinal Study of Nursing Professionals." Central Queensland University, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20070524.133840.
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The behaviour of employees is increasingly being recognised as the critical
factor in achievement of organisational effectiveness. Therefore, the need to address
inefficiencies that are derived from the organisation-employee relationship is being
recognised as important to organisational success. For many years the concept of
organisational commitment provided the means to develop theory in relation to
organisation-employee relationships. More recently, however, other types of workrelated
commitments have been identified as having importance to the organisationemployee
relationship.
In the contemporary political-economic context, professionals are
increasingly becoming employees of organisations which operate according to
market or quasi-market principles. There are some fundamental differences between
professional occupations and non-professional occupations. These differences may
have consequences for the relationship between professional employees and their
employing organisation. The differences may also have consequences for other workrelated
outcomes for professional employees in ways that are different from the
work-related outcomes of non-professional employees. Importantly, for professional
employees commitment to the profession is developed during the pre-workplace
entry educational experiences and may have consequences for the retention of
professional employees within organisations, as well as retention within the
profession. Therefore, the commitment of professional employees to their occupation
may be both an antecedent to and a consequence of other work-related outcomes.
However, to date, professional commitment has not been studied from a
developmental perspective and the effect of workplace exposure on professional
commitment is not understood.
This thesis reports the findings of a study in which a theoretical model of the
relationship between professional commitment prior to workplace entry and
professional turnover intention was evaluated using path analysis. The relationships
included in the model were between commitment to the profession as both an
antecedent to, and a consequence of organisational-professional conflict, job
satisfaction and organisational commitment, as well as the relationship that each of
these variables may have to organisational turnover intention and professional
turnover intention. A repeated measures design was used with a sample of nursing
professionals. Professional commitment before entry to the workplace was measured,
and after a period of workplace exposure, professional commitment was again
measured, as well as the other work-related outcomes identified in the model. The
Blau (2003) occupational commitment measure was used to measure the pre-and-post
workplace entry levels of professional commitment. The thesis also examined the
factor structure of the Blau (2003) occupational commitment measure.
The results of the model evaluation indicated that it is a plausible model of
the identified relationships. Examination of the factor structure of the Blau (2003)
occupational commitment measure indicated that it is best represented by five rather
than four components. This research found that professional commitment was quite
stable in the initial period of workplace exposure. The research findings also
indicated that the relationship between professional commitment and organisational
commitment was mediated by job satisfaction and that organisational-professional
conflict and job satisfaction were directly related to organisational commitment. The
research found that job satisfaction and professional commitment after a period of
workplace exposure were related to organisational turnover intention, but that
organisational commitment was not. The final major research finding was that
organisational turnover intention was the only workplace variable in the model that
was directly related to professional turnover intention.
This research has contributed to the organisational behaviour literature
through the development and initial evaluation of a model of the relationship between
professional commitment prior to workplace entry and professional turnover
intention. The results of the model suggested that when organisations provide
professional employees with workplace experiences that are professionally, as well as
personally satisfying, they promote retention of professional employees with their
own organisation, as well as retention of professionals within the profession.
This research recommends that for organisations that employ professionals,
the model of the organisation-professional employee relationship that is likely to
promote the retention of professional employees both within the organisation and
within the profession, is a partnership model. Conflict resolution principles are
recommended to inform the partnership model of the organisation-professional
employee relationship. In addition, the empowering leadership style is recommended
for organisations that employ professionals, because it is better matched to the
employment mode and characteristics of professional employees.
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Matenge, Batetshi. "An exploration of nursing professionals’ understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12880.
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Includes bibliographical references.The number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is increasing at an alarming rate. Research indicates that early identification and diagnosis is key in terms of children receiving early intervention. However, many children are not being identified as early as possible by their primary health care providers. This research investigated nursing professional’s experiences of working with autism spectrum disorder in a clinic setting. Using phenomenology theory as the epistemological framework, thematic analysis was conducted on ten in-depth interviews with nursing professionals working in the public sector. Three main groupings for the findings emerged from the interpretative analysis: 1) nursing professionals’ knowledge, understanding and awareness of autism spectrum disorder, 2) screening practices of nursing professionals; and 3) identified challenges in screening for autism spectrum disorder. Although the majority of the nursing professionals showed a good understanding of some aspects of the condition, there was some confusion about some key facts concerning the disorder, the characteristics of ASD and scientific terminology, and an inaccurate understanding of early intervention treatments. Nursing professionals’ screening efforts remain poor despite the diagnostic value of routine screening for early childhood developmental delays. Limited services and resources, a lack of communication between primary and secondary systems, time restrictions, work pressure and inadequate training are all barriers that prevent nursing professionals from conducting routine screening during child wellness visits, resulting in missed opportunities for detecting autism spectrum disorders in the early months or years. This research highlights the urgent need to look into strategies that would improve and support efforts for conducting early screening in primary health care clinics. Implications for future research in this area are also addressed.
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Hricovec, Megan M. "Attitudes of Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals toward Art Therapy as anIntervention to Treat Patients with Alzheimer's Disease." Walsh University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=walshhonors1555589731972278.
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Umebayashi, Tetsuya. "Improving Attitudes and Perceptions About Teamwork Among Health Care Professionals with a TeamSTEPPS Approach." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/769.
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Effective communication among health care professionals is essential for the provision of quality patient-centered care; however, effective communication practices are not guided by evidence-based models in many health care organizations. The Joint Commission has estimated that most sentinel events are induced by miscommunication among health care professionals. The problem addressed in this project was poor and ineffective teamwork skills and general communication among health care professionals and a lack of formal models to guide effective communication among the healthcare team. The purpose of the project was to adapt TeamSTEPPS to an institutional context in order to improve health care team members' attitudes and perceptions about teamwork and create organizational expectations that encourage open communication among health care professionals. The outcomes relevant to this project include peer evaluation, self-evaluation, and HCAHPS scores. Development and planning was informed by a project team of interdisciplinary stakeholders (n = 6) who employed peer-reviewed literature and professional expertise to develop several products that adapt TeamSTEPPS to the institutional context. The stages of change theory was used to develop the products. The products include an implementation plan, an evaluation plan, and a sustainment plan. The context-specific implementation plan was produced to guide the institution in implementing the adapted program, and an evaluation plan was developed to inform evaluation of changes in the health care team and HCAHPS outcomes. A sustainment plan was also developed for long-term use in the institution. Improving attitudes and perceptions about teamwork and promoting effective communication is a first step in improving quality in hospitals to a wider audience, thus increasing the overall quality of care and facilitating social change.
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Kasey, Jennifer Channel. "Building cultural competence in health care professionals : an instrumental case study of nursing students /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (673.46 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/doctorate/kaseyjc/kaseyjc_doctorate_04-16-2010-03.pdf.
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Kelly, Carol Ann. "Patients' and healthcare professionals' perceptions of oxygen therapy : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2014. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/6432/.
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Background: Despite common usage of oxygen as a therapeutic intervention, audit suggests the existence of poor prescribing and administration practices. Contemporary studies and guidelines propose an influencing culture whereby oxygen is given to alleviate breathlessness and to most acute clinical presentations, with disregard for potential drawbacks; but there is no evidence supporting this claim. The problem self-perpetuates as erroneous beliefs are passed to patients, their carers and the general public. Aim: To explore healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) and patients’ perceptions of oxygen therapy. Method: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 28 patients and 34 HCPs (including nurses, paramedics, pharmacists and general practitioners). Self-reported beliefs and behaviours were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed iteratively using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results: Three master themes were identified: oxygen as a panacea, the burden of oxygen, and antecedents to beliefs. Sub-themes under these constants differed between HCPs and patients, but fundamentally both groups viewed oxygen as an innocuous therapy with numerous benefits. Patients used oxygen for breathlessness and as an enabler; they were grateful to the oxygen and accepted it as part of the disease. HCPs used oxygen because it helps patients; it works!; it makes HCPs feel better, and also out of compassion. But oxygen is not benign and a burden is evident, for patients it makes the disease visible and carries associated costs. For HCPs there is an awareness of the dangers and the patients’ burden, which often results in clinical dilemmas and an emotional cost to caring. The study exposed patients’ potential antecedents to beliefs as faith in HCPs and past experiences; for HCPs these were entrenched culture and expectations. Patients appeared not to think about oxygen and understanding was poor. All HCPs believed they had not received enough education specific to oxygen, and an approach of DIY education prevailed. Summary: These findings suggest that a set of fixed beliefs regarding oxygen therapy exist, influenced by several impacting factors. The overwhelming perception that oxygen is a universal remedy presides, but is, at times, contradictory, when benefits are countered by adverse effects of oxygen. These adverse effects, additional to physiological dangers, included psychosocial and emotional costs. This is the first time that perceptions of oxygen therapy have been reported and will be an important contribution to knowledge, supporting strategies to raise awareness of entrenched cultures, influence future educational and research strategies, and inform policy.
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Dela, Cruz Yurlene Sales. "A Developmental Disabilities Program: A Proposed Education Program for Direct Support Professionals." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/102.
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Nurses can play integral role in collaborating with community leaders and identifying health promotion strategies, such as physical activity and nutrition classes, for people with developmental disabilities (DD). This study identified a role that nurses can establish among Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) who serve important functions in the daily supervision and care of clients with DD. The data reviews from the archival results from Association of Individual Development Health Matters Assessment Reports in August 2012 and September 2013 indicated DSPs' need for further training in their roles as health instructors. The Health Matters Assessment Report in 2012 indicated low scores in employees' confidence in terms of planning health education classes (20.8%), running a health promotion program (22.7%), evaluating health functions and behavior for people with DD (19.3%), teaching clients with DD how to exercise (26.7%), and making healthy food choices (25%). The Health Matters Assessment Report in 2013 indicated poor attendance to Health Matters Class training (20%) and reduced attendance to Health Matters Class launch events (34%). This study proposed a Train-the-Trainer education program to help DSPs prepare as health instructors of Health Matters Class. The education program can establish effective partnerships between nurses and can promote peer-to-peer support while increasing DSPs' knowledge, skills, and commitment as health instructors. This study can benefit nurses, researchers, and community workers involved in providing care to clients with DD. The findings of this study can provide direction for further research in the advocacies of health promotion programs among clients with DD in the community.
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Murphy, Rebecca Cowell. "Advocating for advance directives guidelines for health care professionals /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/murphy/MurphyR0509.pdf.
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An advance directive, such as a Living Will or Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care, allows a person to give their instructions about future medical care if he or she is unable to participate in decisions due to serious illness or incapacity. Despite the fact the Patient Self Determination Act requires health care facilities to provide patients with information about advance directives on admission, and the public and health care professionals support the use of advance directives, few people actually complete these documents. This project was developed in support of a local community hospital's commitment to promote the creation and use of advance directives. Part one of the project involved working with the hospital's Advance Directive Committee to update and revise the Advance Directive Policy and Procedure to meet Joint Commission Standards. Part two of the project was the creation of an Advance Directive Education Module for health care professionals designed to be used as part of the employees' annual education review. The new policy created a solid framework for health care professionals to follow when working with patients and their health care goals. The computer-based Advance Directive Education Module reviewed general information about advance directives, informed health care professionals of the new Advance Directive Policy and Procedure, and gave facility-specific actions to take when working with patients and their advance directives.
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Walter, Robin Whitten. "A grounded theory study of the critical factors influencing nurse professionals' perceptions of their role in social justice." Thesis, Barry University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10153743.
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Background: Scholars increasingly argue that health and its attendant disparities and inequities are socioculturally constructed, and implore nurses to engage in social justice to identify and redress the societal conditions that negatively impact individual and public health. Few nurses understand or engage in social justice, but professional awareness and involvement may increase if a theoretical framework elucidating the process can be developed.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to generate a theory of social justice specific to the discipline of nursing. The primary research question was, "What are the critical factors shaping nurse professionals' perceptions and attitudes about their role in social justice?" Related questions included, "How do nurse professionals come to know and practice social justice?" and, "What process do nurse professionals use to identify the contexts in which they will engage in social justice?"
Philosophical Underpinnings: This qualitative, constructivist grounded theory study was guided by the philosophical tenets of symbolic interactionism and pragmatism.
Methods: This study used the constructivist, grounded theory methodology articulated by Charmaz. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data from nurses who engaged in social justice. Data segments from the interviews were coded, categorized, and analyzed for conceptual relationships. Theoretical sampling was used to develop and saturate the conceptual categories and themes identified from the interviews. The conceptual relationships were developed into a substantive theory to explain the role of nurse professionals' engagement in social justice. A focus group of six nurse experts in social justice was used to confirm the generated theory of the nurse professional's role in social justice.
Results: Emancipatory nursing praxis was the basic social process that was co-constructed from the voices of nurses engaged in social justice and the researcher's interpretation of their experiences, perceptions, and attitudes. The implementing processes—becoming, awakening, engaging, and transforming—comprised the interactive processes that concomitantly determined emancipatory nursing praxis. Two conditional contexts, relational and reflexive, framed and influenced the process. The theoretical framework of emancipatory nursing praxis provided an in-depth understanding of the process of nurse engagement in social justice.
Conclusions: The theoretical framework co-constructed from this study can be used to guide nursing education, research, and practice of social justice, thereby strengthening the profession's ability to identify and redress the societal conditions that negatively impact individual and public health.
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Shephard, Allyson Lee. "Parental presence during paediatric trauma resuscitation: Health care professionals' attitudes and beliefs." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26773.
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A qualitative study, using interpretive description, was conducted at a tertiary paediatric hospital. Its purpose was to determine attitudes and beliefs of nurses and physicians about parental presence during paediatric trauma resuscitations in the Emergency Department.
Parental presence was believed to have both benefits and problems for patients, parents and the trauma team. Registered nurses and physicians expressed largely similar attitudes and beliefs related to parental presence. These depended heavily on context. Most participants believed presence was appropriate with stable children and when death was imminent. In between these two ends of the continuum, participants had greater variability in their attitudes and beliefs.
Findings provide insight into how health care professionals believe they can deliver the highest quality technical care for the patient while meeting the psychosocial needs of all involved. Relevance of the findings to family centred-care is discussed. Implications for nursing practice, education and research are identified.
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McLean, Scott. "Optimal treatment of patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and the evolutionary role of nurses and allied health professionals." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2011. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4415.
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Heart disease is a serious problem for both the individual and society at large. It takes many lives. As an acute cardiac nurse I have spent the bulk of my clinical and research career striving to provide acute cardiac care outwith the historical boundaries of the doctor-led, specialty-based, inpatient setting. The barometer of this work however must be the additive knowledge and consequent impact on practice it has provided to the cardiovascular community through peerreviewed publications. This thesis presents an analysis of the evidence base for contemporary developments in acute cardiac care, including 6 core peerreviewed publications, and 11 supporting publications where I am either primary or secondary author. These publications demonstrate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of programmes of cardiac care which depend on complex clinical decision-making and teamwork by nurses, paramedics and doctors. Critical appraisal of the publications is conducted and the research methodologies and theoretical underpinnings analysed. Strengths and limitations are identified and the implications and impact on clinical practice debated. One of the primary aims of this work is to identify a logical and programmatic approach to the body of work, concordant with and focussing in detail on the patient journey. Potential areas, and plans, for future research are detailed. Key themes such as moving the site of thrombolytic treatment to the Emergency Department (ED), streamlining care for patients presenting to the ED with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), establishing and evolving communication networks between Coronary Care Unit nurses and ambulance paramedics, moving the site of thrombolytic treatment to the ambulance, developing an optimal reperfusion programme including pre-hospital thrombolysis, primary percutaneous coronary intervention and in-hospital thrombolysis, analysis and synthesis of treatment timelines as they are distributed across treatment groups are presented. In totality this work supports the direction of travel towards pre-hospital treatment of ACS. Although this may sound somewhat straightforward it is, and has been, a significant paradigm shift for multidisciplinary clinicians in the United Kingdom. These works in their totality have contributed to defining the optimal contribution of multidisciplinary experts to ACS treatment in the United Kingdom, and in a Scottish context have contributed to national policy and service provision. Finally this thesis does not sit specifically within the confines of “nursing research.” Rather it is defined by healthcare research by a nurse with multidisciplinary colleagues. The practice and research described herein is not confined within artificial boundaries within one discipline. Rather the study is of patient outcomes, systems of care and the contribution of nurses and paramedics to the care of patients with ACS.
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Grainger, Angela. "'Fit for nursing'? : a qualitative analysis of disabled registered general nurses' and other health professionals' views on health and illness in relation to nursing employment." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2008. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/714/.
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The employment of registered general nurses (RGNs) is underpinned by management’s need for economic utility in that the cost of salaries must be reconciled with the need to meet the demands inherent in service provision. Using grounded theory, interviews captured the experience of physically disabled RGNs, who use the phrase ‘physically disabled’ to describe themselves. Their collective experience was then compared with nondisabled RGNs working in the clinical areas of general medical wards, general surgical wards, and day case units, situated in three district general hospitals. Data collection was by partial participant observation, and interviews. The data revealed that both nurseinterviewee groups share an understanding of the meaning of health and illness. Both the physically disabled and non-disabled RGNs manipulate working time to take unauthorised breaks in order to ‘accommodate tiredness’ and ‘stamina lack’. ‘Accommodating need’ is the identified basic social process (BSP) and ‘pacing’ is the identified core category. RGNs distinguish between using a ‘public’ voice and a ‘private’ voice. In respect of a physically disabled RGN ‘doing nursing’, the data uncovered stigma relating to a spoiled identity. Theoretical sampling interviews with senior nurse managers, occupational health doctors, and trade union officials (termed ‘elite groups’), reflected the data findings of both the physically disabled, and non-disabled RGNs, in identifying the factors limiting the employability of physically disabled RGNs. Moreover, data from the elite group interviews revealed the importance of economic utility, in that management has to take account of diminishing returns. This is the crux of the employment issue. ‘Maintaining organisational pace’ is the generated grounded theory, and was confirmed by aligning data to the established literature on Labour Process Theory (LPT) in a supplementary theoretical sensitivity validation process.
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Soar, Rod. ""Drugs on the mind" : dual diagnosis : the experience of mental health professionals." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2003. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/69202.
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Recent publicity has focused on the problems created by the usage of illicit drugs in the community. The growing use of illicit drugs throughout the Grampians region and the lack of resources and professional services available to regional and rural areas raise many questions as to treatment options and the accessibility and appropriateness of drug and alcohol and mental health services. Despite the fact that mental health professionals in rural/regional areas are expected to deliver the most appropriate care to individuals with a comorbid drug and alcohol and psychiatric disorder, a number of these rural/regional mental health professionals have limited preparation and experience in dealing with dual diagnosis issues. This phenomenological study focuses on the area of dual diagnosis, specifically the experiences of health professionals who care for clients diagnosed with a serious mental illness and a coexisting drug and alcohol disorder. Results are described in the form of four themes, which emerged from data collected during in-depth interviews with 13 mental health professionals who care for clients with a dual diagnosis. The themes captured in this research will be described using metaphors as headings. The first theme Sink or swim represents mental health professionals’ initial preparation to care for this group of complex clientele. Treading water symbolises mental health professionals’ endeavours to keep their head above water and reflects on their feelings while endeavouring to do so. Rowing against the tide describes mental health professionals’ understanding of clients’ drug misuse, which impacts greatly on the level of care.Master of Nursing
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Soar, Rod. ""Drugs on the mind" : dual diagnosis : the experience of mental health professionals." University of Ballarat, 2003. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/15384.
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Recent publicity has focused on the problems created by the usage of illicit drugs in the community. The growing use of illicit drugs throughout the Grampians region and the lack of resources and professional services available to regional and rural areas raise many questions as to treatment options and the accessibility and appropriateness of drug and alcohol and mental health services. Despite the fact that mental health professionals in rural/regional areas are expected to deliver the most appropriate care to individuals with a comorbid drug and alcohol and psychiatric disorder, a number of these rural/regional mental health professionals have limited preparation and experience in dealing with dual diagnosis issues. This phenomenological study focuses on the area of dual diagnosis, specifically the experiences of health professionals who care for clients diagnosed with a serious mental illness and a coexisting drug and alcohol disorder. Results are described in the form of four themes, which emerged from data collected during in-depth interviews with 13 mental health professionals who care for clients with a dual diagnosis. The themes captured in this research will be described using metaphors as headings. The first theme Sink or swim represents mental health professionals’ initial preparation to care for this group of complex clientele. Treading water symbolises mental health professionals’ endeavours to keep their head above water and reflects on their feelings while endeavouring to do so. Rowing against the tide describes mental health professionals’ understanding of clients’ drug misuse, which impacts greatly on the level of care.Master of Nursing
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Fowler, Susan. "Older people and hospital discharge : how service users’, carers’ and professionals’ experiences can inform social work practice." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2009. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/7257/.
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Halsey, Mary Elizabeth. "Correlates and predictors of burnout and secondary traumatic stress in mental health professionals." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370411/.
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Cook, Amanda Michelle. "Teaching Needs of Persons Dealing with Stroke as Perceived by Allied Health Professionals." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1096485373.
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Noble-Jones, Rhian Wyn. "Modelling the development of an online learning resource by health care professionals." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7389/.
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The aim of this study was to model the process of development for an Online Learning Resource (OLR) by Health Care Professionals (HCPs) to meet lymphoedema-related educational needs, within an asset-based management context. Previous research has shown that HCPs have unmet educational needs in relation to lymphoedema but details on their specific nature or context were lacking. Against this background, the study was conducted in two distinct but complementary phases. In Phase 1, a national survey was conducted of HCPs predominantly in community, oncology and palliative care services, followed by focus group discussions with a sample of respondents. In Phase 2, lymphoedema specialists (LSs) used an action research approach to design and implement an OLR to meet the needs identified in Phase 1. Study findings were analysed using descriptive statistics (Phase 1), and framework, thematic and dialectic analysis to explore their potential to inform future service development and education theory. Unmet educational need was found to be specific to health care setting and professional group. These resulted in HCPs feeling poorly-equipped to diagnose and manage lymphoedema. Of concern, when identified, lymphoedema was sometimes buried for fear of overwhelming stretched services. An OLR was identified as a means of addressing the unmet educational needs. This was successfully developed and implemented with minimal additional resources. The process model created has the potential to inform contemporary leadership theory in asset-based management contexts. This doctoral research makes a timely contribution to leadership theory since the resource constraints underpinning much of the contribution has salience to current public services. The process model created has the potential to inform contemporary leadership theory in asset-based management contexts. Further study of a leadership style which incorporates cognisance of Cognitive Load Theory and Self-Determination Theory is suggested. In addition, the detailed reporting of process and how this facilitated learning for participants contributes to workplace education theory.
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Taylor, Lindsey M. "Evaluation of on-site stress management coping mechanisms among Southern California Emergency Department Health Professionals." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527420.
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Unmanaged stress produces both negative physical and psychological health effects on Emergency Department Healthcare Professionals (ED HPs) as well as having effects on workplace health and safety. In this descriptive study, the researcher analyzed Survey Monkey™ results to identity effective and ineffective stress management methods utilized by ED HPs. There were 16 ED HP participants and the survey was distributed via e-mail invitations over a one-month period during the summer of2013. California State University Long Beach Internal Review Board (CSULB IRB) approval for the study was obtained.
The data were collected using snowball sampling and included demographic data about the participant's work experience and multiple-choice data regarding current experiences with workplace stress coping. Descriptive data regarding the participant's ideas of effective stress management methods within the workplace were also obtained. Null hypotheses involved the reported beliefs of ED HPs regarding coping mechanisms present at the workplace and their general effectiveness.
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Kelley, Patricia Kelley. "The Impact of Maternity Healthcare Employees Professional Development on Pregnant Teen Health." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3615.
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Knowledge gaps exist related to the care and education of pregnant teens. This project study addressed the problem of an inadequate amount of professional development (PD) and training for healthcare professionals (HCPs) caring for pregnant teens at a maternity clinic in the Southeastern United States. Unless HCPs are appropriately trained, the ability to meet the needs of pregnant teens is deficient and negative health outcomes for these patients are likely to be exacerbated. The humanistic learning theory was used in this phenomenological exploratory study to explore perception of 9 HCPs who had the responsibility for patient teaching, clinical care, and were full time employees at a maternity clinic. The research questions focused on the perceptions of the HCPs regarding their experiences of PD as it relates to the care of pregnant and parenting teens, strengths and weaknesses of their current PD, and how their PD could impact the health outcomes of pregnant and parenting teens. The themes developed from the interview data revealed a need for an expansion of HCP knowledge and skills to improve the healthcare of pregnant and parenting teens, as well as challenges associated with the current PD plan. The resulting project consisted of a 3-day workshop to increase the HCPs' proficiency and efficacy in caring for pregnant and parenting teens. Evaluation of the project will be through formative and summative assessment. The project contributes to positive social change at the local clinic by reinforcing the HCPs' skills in in educating, caring for, and supporting the teen parent population.
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Alverland, Vicky, and Lindqvist Linn Wennerstrand. "Strategier riktade mot hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal för att förebygga och reducera stigmatisering av patienter med hiv : Strategies aimed towards healthcare professionals to prevent and reduce stigmatization of patients with hiv." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-83484.
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Bochembuzio, Luciana. "Avaliação do instrumento Nursing Activities Score (NAS) em neonatologia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-23012008-134656/.
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Estudo de abordagem metodológica para avaliação de um instrumento de medida de carga de trabalho foi realizado na Unidade Neonatal e na UTIN (Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal) do Hospital Universitário da USP (HU-USP), no período de 06 de novembro de 2006 a 06 de dezembro de 2006. Teve como objetivo avaliar o resultado da aplicação do NAS, como instrumento de medida da carga de trabalho de enfermagem em neonatologia. Reviu-se a literatura sobre os instrumentos de medida de gravidade e carga de trabalho em UTI Pediátrica e Neonatal para que se iniciasse o processo de diferenciação dos processos assistenciais básicos nas unidades infantis. A amostra foi composta por 48 RN avaliados na Unidade Neonatal e 11 na UTIN e que permaneceram internados por um período mínimo de 24 horas. O NAS foi aplicado 301 vezes na Unidade Neonatal e 106 vezes na UTIN. Foi elaborado um tutorial para a melhor interpretação das atividades do NAS que facilitou a compreensão do instrumento, na área neonatal. Comparando as amostras segundo variáveis demográficas e clínicas, entre as unidades estudadas, observou-se que as únicas estatisticamente significativas foram peso ao nascer e tempo de permanência na unidade. A pontuação do NAS médio para a Unidade Neonatal foi de 66,9 pontos. Em média, 67% do tempo de um profissional de enfermagem é dedicado ao cuidado dos RN enquanto permanecem na Unidade. Ainda em relação ao tempo de cuidado, considerando que cada ponto NAS equivale a 14,4 min, foi identificada no estudo uma média de 16h 04 min de assistência por RN/24h. O valor médio para a equipe de enfermagem calculada pela pontuação do NAS obtido da amostra do estudo foi de 26,7 profissionais. Em média, a equipe disponível em serviço foi de 20,7 profissionais. O número médio de profissionais requerido, segundo o NAS foi 29% mais elevado do que no quadro de profissionais de enfermagem disponível para a Unidade Neonatal. Isso indica que nessa unidade deve haver sobrecarga de trabalho. A pontuação do NAS médio para a UTIN foi de 91,1 pontos. Em média, 90% do tempo de um profissional de enfermagem é dedicado ao cuidado dos RN enquanto permanecem na UTIN. Quanto ao tempo de cuidado, foi identificada uma média de 21h 54 min de assistência por RN/24h. O valor médio para a equipe de enfermagem calculada pela pontuação do NAS obtido da amostra do estudo foi de 12,8 profissionais. Em média, a equipe disponível em serviço foi de 12 profissionais. Essa diferença é menor que 1,7% e faz com que os valores sejam significativamente semelhantes e indiquem que não havia sobrecarga de serviço na UTIN. Os resultados da aplicação do NAS permitem identificar o perfil de cuidados de enfermagem na assistência semi-intensiva e intensiva aos recém nascidos.Study of methodological approach of an instrument of workload measuring evaluation was done in the Neonatal Unit and the NICU (Neonatal Unit of Intensive Care) of the University Hospital of USP (HU-USP), in the period of 06 of November of 2006 to 06 of December of 2006. It had as objective to evaluate the application of the NAS (Nursing Activity Score) result as an instrument to measure the nursing workload in neonatology area. It was reviewed the available literature related to the gravity and to the workload measuring instruments in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and NICU, so then it was initiated the basic process differentiation of the assistant processes in the infantile units. The sample was composed by 48 neonates and evaluated in the Neonate Unit and 11 in NICUs that had remained interned for a minimum period of 24-hour. The NAS instrument was applied 301 times in the Neonate Unit and 106 times in the NICU. A tutorial route was elaborated for better NAS activities interpretation and that has facilitated the instrument understanding, in the neonate area. Comparing the samples in according to demographic and clinical variables among the studied units, it was observed that only the statistical significant ones had been the weight at birth and length of stay in the unit. The punctuation of the medium NAS for the Neonatal Unit was of 66,9 points. On average, 67% of the time of a nursing professional is dedicated to the newborn (NB) care while they remain in the Unit. Even though in relation to the care time, considering that each NAS point is equivalent to 14,4 min, it was identified in the study the a average of 16h 04 min of assistance for NB/24h. The average value for the team of nursing calculated for the NAS punctuation gotten from the study sample of 26,7 professionals. On average, the available team in service was of 20,7 professionals. The average number of professionals required, in according to NAS was raised 29% more than what was available in the professionals total of available nursing in the Neonatal Unit. This indicates that in this unit it must have overload work. The punctuation of the average NAS for the NICU was 91,1 points. On average, 90% of a nursing professional time is dedicated to the NB care while they remain in the NICU. Related to the time of care, it was identified that the assistance average time as 21h 54 min by NB/24h. The average value for nursing team calculated by the NAS punctuation gotten from the study sample was of 12,8 professionals. On average, the available team in service was of 12 professionals. This difference is less than 1.7% and makes the values significantly similar and indicates that did not have overload of service in the NICU. The results of the application of the NAS allow identifying the care profile of nursing in the semi-intensive and intensive assistance to the newborn.
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Berg, Borglin Jessica, and Nohad Amin. "Att identifiera smärta hos personer med demenssjukdom : ur vårdpersonalens perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8468.
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Bakgrund: Studier visar att smärta är vanligt förekommande hos äldre personer som bor på särskilt boende. Dock kan det vara svårupptäckt speciellt hos personer med demenssjukdom som har svårt att uttrycka sig genom ord. Demens är ett samlingsnamn på olika symtom som beror på att hjärnans funktion är skadad. Sjukdomen kan ge minnessvårigheter, språkliga svårigheter samt påverkan på beteendet. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa hur vårdpersonalen kan identifiera smärta hos personer med demenssjukdom som har svårt att uttrycka sig genom ord. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt med ett systematiskt arbetssätt. Datainsamlingen genomfördes i databaserna PubMed och PsycINFO samt genom manuella sökningar. Resultat: Resultatet visade att smärta kan identifieras hos personer med demenssjukdom genom bland annat att iaktta ansiktsuttryck, kroppsspråk, lyssna på ljud samt genom beteendeförändringar. Det visade sig att vårdpersonalen hade bristande kunskaper om smärtbedömning. En god relation till personen är en viktig utgångspunkt för att kunna identifiera smärta samt att ha kännedom om personens vanor och beteende. Slutsats: Kunskap, utbildning samt kontinuitet bland vårdpersonalen är viktiga aspekter vid identifiering av smärta. Samarbete mellan yrkesgrupperna underlättar även identifieringen av smärta.Background: Studies show that pain is common among elderly persons living in special accommodations. However, it can be hard to detect in individuals with dementia who have difficulty expressing themselves by words. Dementia is a generic term for various symptoms attributable to damaged brain function. The disease can cause memory difficulties, language difficulties and an impact on behavior. Aim: The purpose of this study was to highlight how health professionals can identify pain in people with dementia who have difficulty expressing themselves by words. Method: The study was conducted as a literature review with a systematic approach. Data collection was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO and by manual searches. Findings: The results showed that pain can be identified in people with dementia by among other things observing facial expressions, body language, listening to sounds as well as behavioral changes. It was found that caregivers had insufficient knowledge about pain assessment. A good relationship with the person is an important starting point for the identification of pain and to have knowledge about the person's habits and behavior. Conclusion: Knowledge, education and continuity of healthcare staff are important aspects in the identification process of pain. Cooperation between professional healthcare staff groups can also facilitate the identification of pain.
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Pettersson, Niklas, and Tobias Andersson. "Dödshjälp inom palliativ vård, sjukvårdspersonalens erfarenheter samt upplevelser : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-8295.
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Bakgrund: I Sverige är dödshjälp inte lagligt men ämnet debatteras utifrån olika synsätt samt etiska aspekter. Sjukvårdspersonalens uppgift är att vårda patienter genom att lindra, trösta samt bota men om patienten inte längre vill leva samt efterfrågar dödshjälp ställs sjuksköterskan inför en utmaning. All vård skall bygga på en respekt för patientens autonomi enligt lag. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjukvårdspersonalens upplevelser samt erfarenheter kring dödshjälp inom palliativ vård. Metod: En litteraturöversikt gjordes enligt Fribergs (2017) metod. De databaser författarna använde inför sökningen av vetenskapliga artiklar var följande: CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO samt PubMed . I arbetet inkluderades tio stycken kvalitativa, då författarna bedömde dessa svara på syftet. De utvalda artiklarna analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs analysmetod. Resultat: Författarna kunde identifiera tre teman genom sina valda artiklar. Sjukvårdspersonalens upplevelser samt erfarenheter av dödshjälp. Sjukvårdspersonalens teamwork. Sjukvårdspersonalens relation med patienten. Diskussion: Resultatdiskussionen delades in i tre delar, “Sjukvårdspersonalens upplevelser samt erfarenheter kring dödshjälp”, “Sjukvårdspersonalens teamwork inom dödshjälp” samt “Sjukvårdspersonalens relation med patienten”. Samt en metoddiskussion om styrkor samt svagheter om arbetets gång.Background: In Sweden euthanasia isn't legal but the subject is still debated from different points of views and ethicals aspects. Health care professionals primary mission is to take care of patients by lindering and cure diseases. However if the patient no longer wants to live and asks for euthanasia the nurse is put in front of a challenge. All of the health care shall be built on respect for the patient's autonomy according to law. Aim: The purpose is to describe the healthcare professional’s experiences about euthanasia in palliative care. Method: A literature review was done according to Friberg's (2017) method. The databases the authors used for the search of scientific articles were as follows: CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO and PubMed. The work included ten qualitative articles, the authors assessed these to respond to the purpose of the study. The selected articles were analyzed using Friberg's method of analysis. Results: The authors was able to identify three themes through their selected articles. healthcare professional’s experience and experiences of euthanasia. Healthcare professionals teamwork. And the healthcare professionals relationship with the patients. Discussion: The discussion about the results was, divided into three parts, "Health care professional´s experience and experiences regarding euthanasia", “Health care professional´s teamwork within euthanasia” and "Health care professional´s relationship with the patient". We also did a method discussion about strengths and weaknesses of the process.
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Brettle, A. "Exploring the roles, effectiveness and impact of health information professionals within evidence based practice." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/12960/.
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This is the thesis (critical appraisal) component of a PhD by Published Works. The overall submission was a portfolio of ten published papers supported by a critical appraisal focusing on two key areas: an exploration of the roles that Health Information Professionals (HIPs) can play within evidence based practice (EBP) and an exploration of the effectiveness and impact of the traditional supportive role played by HIPs within EBP. The published papers are listed and referenced within this document but not contained within it. The majority are available elsewhere within the University of Salford Institutional Repository. Drawing on a model developed from the library literature, the thesis highlights a wide range of supportive and active roles that HIPs can potentially play within EBP. This model is informed and illuminated by the studies within the portfolio that demonstrate how the author has fulfilled a wide range of these roles in practice, and identified a new role within systematic reviews in health and social care. This demonstrates that HIPs can transfer their skills outside their traditional library and information practice domain, thus extending their role and offering a range of professional opportunities. Using a varied range of research methodologies, the thesis also explores the effectiveness and impact of the contribution made by HIPs when using traditional skills to support EBP. Two models are used to illustrate the outcomes to which HIPs contribute. These include improving search skills and providing evidence which can, over the longer term, contribute to policy making and patient care. At present the weight of the evidence presented to support these links is weak. Methodological issues and future research that needs to be addressed to improve the strength of the evidence base are therefore highlighted and discussed.
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MacDonald, Kath. "Negotiating healthcare through partnership : an exploration of the perceived and observed factors that enable or inhibit partnership between young 'expert' patients with cystic fibrosis and the healthcare professionals with whom they interact." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2014. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7718.
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Since the late eighties healthcare policy has seen a shift from a paternalistic model of care to that of an inclusive partnership approach which encourages engagement, responsibility and self-management of long term conditions. This paradigm shift has given credence to the notion of the “expert patient” (EP); an individual with a long-term condition whose knowledge and skills are valued and utilised in partnership with healthcare professionals. However, there is debate as to the definition of the EP, and an assumption that all patients would want to adopt this role and a partnership model of care. There is also scepticism about the motivation behind the introduction of the EP and the perceived benefits of EP Programmes. This study aimed to explore how young “expert patients” living with cystic fibrosis (CF) and the healthcare professionals (HCPs) with whom they interact perceive partnership and negotiate care. Adopting a qualitative methodological strategy, informed by Interpretivism and Symbolic Interactionism, thirty three consultations were observed between eight patients, two accompanied by a carer and twelve healthcare professionals (HCPs). Following the observed sessions the eight patients, two carers and eleven HCPs were interviewed. Data were analysed thematically using the five stages of “Framework” a matrix-based analysis approach. Three major themes emerged from the data: experiences of partnership, attributes of the expert patient and constructions of illness. Multiple sub themes are also presented, including the power of the nurses, normalcy, the expert patient as navigator and the ceremonial order of the clinic. Implications for practice suggest the need for ground rules outlining both parties’ roles and responsibilities in partnership, a remodelling of the clinic format to ensure patient- centredness and a consideration of the role of decision tools and Telehealth in any new proposed model.
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Lee, Siew Hwa. "A case study analysis to explore the perceptions and experiences of patients, carers and/or family members and healthcare professionals in the management of metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC)." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2013. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/6215.
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Background: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) can result in paralysis and is an oncology emergency. Prognosis is poor if not treated early. There are an estimated 1200-2500 new cases of MSCC per year in Scotland. At 2013 there are limited studies which have explored the issues experienced by patients, carers and/or family members and healthcare professionals in the management of MSCC. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of patients, carers and/or family members and healthcare professionals in the management of metastatic spinal cord compression. Research Design and Methods: A case study design approach involving two phases was used. Phase One involved three focus groups with healthcare professionals (n=25) and one-to-one interviews with healthcare professionals (n=7). Phase Two involved interviews with patients (n=8), carers (n=6) and healthcare professionals (n=42). Patients and carers were interviewed twice over a period of six months. Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic inductive-data approach was used for data analysis. Findings: Phase One identified an overarching theme of ‘negotiating the care pathway' with four main themes: what can we do for patients with MSCC; what do we need to ‘trade-off' to meet the needs of patients; how can guidelines help anyway; and how can we deliver optimum care in the midst of uncertainty? The majority of healthcare professionals viewed the existing National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines (2008) as inadequate and lacking in a strong evidence base. Healthcare professionals acknowledged the importance of meeting the patient's preferred needs and goals given the nature of this condition and the short life expectancy of many patients with MSCC. Phase Two identified three main themes: facing uncertainty in MSCC; finding a balance in MSCC and support beyond the treatment of MSCC. A focus on acute management is often at odds with the palliative nature of the patient's condition and this contributes to the complexity for patients, carers and healthcare professionals. The findings demonstrate the intricacies of uncertainty which affect all the key stakeholders when MSCC presents. There is a constant movement between uncertainty (of the future) and enduring inconsistencies (of information, treatment and advice for the future), which results in a struggle to find a balance. Conclusions: Caring for patients with metastatic spinal cord compression is challenging with uncertainties surrounding the diagnosis of MSCC, spinal instability, treatment and support beyond the treatment of MSCC. A theory of collaborative decision making based on the findings in this thesis is proposed to help reduce uncertainty and enable key stakeholders to make decisions in their journey with MSCC.
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Fröberg, Hanna, and Therese Nordmark. "Kvinnor som drabbats av missfall och deras upplevelse av vårdpersonalen : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-8036.
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Bakgrund: Det är ungefär var tredje gravid kvinna drabbas av missfall. Många kvinnor har själv drabbats eller känner någon som har drabbats av missfall. Eftersom missfall kan vara sammankopplat med skuld och skam är sjuksköterskans bemötande viktigt för att kvinnorna ska kunna bearbeta sorgen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelse av vårdersonalen vid missfall. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts där tio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar och en artikel av mixad metod. Artiklarna hämtade från CINAHL Complete, Medline samt Psycinfo och har legat till grund för resultatet och analyserats enligt Fribergs metod Resultat: Resultatet framkom i fem olika teman vilka var (1) Kvinnors upplevelse av information från vårdpersonalen, (2) Kvinnors upplevelse av de olika vårdmottagningarna (3) Kvinnors upplevelse av vårdpersonalens bemötande, (4) Kvinnors reaktioner av missfall (5) Kvinnors upplevelse av stöd och uppföljning. Diskussion: Resultatets övergripande fynd handlade om kvinnor som drabbats av missfall och deras upplevelse av vårdavdelningarna och där ingick bemötande från vårdpersonalen och även utifrån sjuksköterskans perspektiv. Diskussionen förs relaterat till Swansons teori, reflektioner från författarna och bakgrunden till litteraturöversikten.Background: It is common for a woman to suffer miscarriage. Most women have suffered or know someone who has suffered a miscarriage. Because a miscarriage may be associated with guilt and shame, the nurse's response is of great importance to a woman who needs to process the grief. Aim: The purpose was to describe women's experience of caregivers in case of miscarriage. Method: A literature review has been carried out where ten qualitative scientific articles and one article of mixed method. The articles were obtained from CINAHL Complete, Medline and Psycinfo and have been the basis for the results and analyzed according to Friberg's method Results: The results emerged in five different themes which were (1) The woman's experience of information from the care staff, (2) The women's experience of care environments, (3) The women's need for the various care departments and, (4) Women's reactions to miscarriage, (5) Women's experience of support and follow-up. Discussion: The overall finding of the result was about women who were affected by miscarriage and their experience of care units, treatment from the nursing staff and from the nurse's own perspective. Discussions are conducted related to Swanson's theory, reflections from the authors and the background to the literature review.
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Canoletti, Bianca. "Trabalho em equipe de saúde e de enfermagem: análise sistemática da literatura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7131/tde-03092008-110647/.
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A ferramenta do trabalho em equipe é proposta para organizar o trabalho em saúde e enfermagem como maneira de se responder às mudanças do modelo de atenção à saúde e do paradigma da atenção à saúde mental. Reconhecendo sua importância no contexto atual, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca do trabalho em equipe na saúde e na enfermagem, com o objetivo de identificar a produção e analisá-la criticamente, segundo a quantidade, cronologia, procedência de nacionalidade, instituição de origem e o tipo de pesquisa; referencial teórico-metodológico adotado; resultados e suas contribuições como base de conhecimento para a assistência e a gerência dos serviços de saúde. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o processo de trabalho, de Mendes-Gonçalves e Mehry, e o trabalho em equipe, de Peduzzi. Metodologicamente, o estudo seguiu o caminho da revisão sistemática, com a busca ativa de publicações em bancos de dados on line, através de descritores e palavras-chave relacionados ao trabalho em equipe. Embora a primeira busca tenha retornado uma grande quantidade de publicações (1837 artigos), após os diversos procedimentos para seleção da literatura pertinente, foram selecionadas 70 publicações. Os resultados mostram a dificuldade em pesquisar o tema nos bancos de dados, principalmente dada a ausência de definição dos termos trabalho em equipe e interdisciplinaridade; assim como a falta de rigor metodológico e conceitual das publicações. O trabalho em equipe é concebido como um processo grupal e interdisciplinar, no qual se observa sinergia positiva, coordenação, cooperação e responsabilidade coletiva, compartilhamento de objetivos comuns e interação entre os membros, possível através da comunicação. Os elementos identificados para caracterizar o trabalho em equipe, além daqueles (já) citados na concepção, incluem a autonomia profissional, a flexibilização da divisão do trabalho e a integralidade da atenção à saúde. A conclusão do estudo destaca a necessidade de aprofundamento de pesquisas teórico-empíricas sobre o tema para fundamentar sua abordagem teórica, e fornecer subsídios para a formulação de propostas que permitam melhorar a utilização prática do trabalho em equipe, assim como sua avaliação sistemáticaThe tool of work as a team is proposed to organize the work in health and nursing as a way to answer to the changes of the model of primary health care and the paradigm of attention to mental health. Recognizing its importance in the current context, took place a systematic review of literature about the work as a team in health and nursing, with the objective of identifying the production and look at it critically, according to the quantity, chronology, nationality, institution of origin and the type of search; reference theoretical and methodological adopted; results and their contributions as a basis of knowledge for the care and management of health services. The theoretical reference used was the work process based in Mendez-Gonçalvez and Mehry, and work in teams, based in Peduzzi. Methodologically, the study followed the path of systematic review, with the active search for publications in databases online through descriptors and keywords related to teamwork. Although the first search has returned a large number of publications (1837 articles), after the various procedures for selecting the relevant literature, were selected 70 publications. The results include the difficulty in researching the topic in databases, particularly given the lack of definition of terms and interdisciplinary work in teams, as well as the lack of methodological rigor and conceptual of the articles. The work in teams was designed as a group and interdisciplinary process, which says positive synergy, coordination, cooperation and collective responsibility, sharing common objectives and interaction between members, possible through communication. The elements identified to characterize the work as a team, beyond those cited in the design, include a professional autonomy, the division of labour flexibility and comprehensiveness of health care. The conclusion of the study highlights the need for deepening of theoretical and empirical research on the issue to justify its theoretical approach, and provide subsidies for the formulation of proposals to improve the practical use of the work as a team, as well as its systematic assessment
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Mimura, Chizu. "The association between stress, self-esteem and childhood acceptance in healthcare professionals : a comparative cross-cultural analysis in nursing and pharmacy students." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-association-between-stress-selfesteem-and-childhood-acceptance-in-healthcare-professionals--a-comparative-crosscultural-analysis-in-nursing-and-pharmacy-students(3d09ca23-d003-4e33-b980-786fcd130c41).html.
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Arrey, Sally Ketchen. "Lived experiences of registered learning disability nurses and palliative care professionals in caring for people with communication difficulties and a learning disability experiencing distress in palliative care settings : a hermeneutic phenomenological study." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/24852/.
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Learning disability (LD) affects around 2.5% of the population in the United Kingdom. Yet, the phenomenon of caring for people with communication difficulties and a learning disability (PCDLD) experiencing distress within palliative care settings is not fully understood. This study aims to gain an in-depth phenomenological understanding of how Registered Learning Disability Nurses (RNLDs) and Palliative Care Professionals (PCPs) identify and respond to the distress of PCDLD in palliative care settings. The objectives are: (a) to critically explore the lived experiences of RNLDs and PCPs who care for PCDLD experiencing distress in palliative care settings; and (b) to critically explore factors which determine how PCDLD express distress in palliative care settings. Hermeneutic phenomenological methodology incorporating a constructivist perspective was followed. Purposive sampling was used to capture professional and demographic attributes from LD nursing homes, community LD teams, and hospices. Thirteen participants consisting of eight RNLDs and five PCPs were interviewed. Data was collected by semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews, field-notes, and demographic questionnaires. Data analysis was thematic following Van Manen. Ethical approval was gained from the university Research Ethics Panel and from individual research locations. The findings indicated that Knowing by building relationships; Positivity in successful caring outcomes; Humane care; Moral duty of care; Time to care; Comfortable care environment; and Future perspectives encapsulate the primary strategies used to identify and respond to the distress of PCDLD. An essence statement portrayed the understood meaning of the fundamental nature of participants’ experiences of caring for PCDLD. The essence statement also informed both the development of a ‘New Theoretical Model of Palliative and End-of-care for PCDLD within Palliative Care Settings’, and a prototype ‘Checklist to enable social and healthcare professionals to self-evaluate their personal professional practice and the holism of care provided to PCDLD in palliative care settings’.
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Sexton, Martha Ph D. RN CNS. "Determinants of Healthcare Professionals' Self-Efficacy to Resolve Conflicts that Occur Among Interprofessional Collaborative Teams." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396104234.
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Wikström, Lotta. "The clinical utility of patients’ self-rated postoperative pain after major surgery – the perspective of healthcare professionals'." Doctoral thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. ADULT, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35361.
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The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is suitable in postoperative settings, yet, the implementation has shown varying results. This has raised issues about the pain scales contribution to the identifying and understanding of pain. The aim of this thesis was to describe the clinical utility of patients’ self-rated postoperative pain after major surgery from a healthcare professional perspective. The aim of study I and II was to describe healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the use of pain scales, and to through considering critical incidents describe care experiences and actions taken by healthcare professionals’ when assessing pain. Participants in study I (N=25) and II (N=24) were enrolled- registered nurses and physicians with clinical experiences of pain scales. The aims of study III and IV were to determine the clinical applicability of NRS mode- and maximum- measures, and the NRS mode- and median measures at rest and during activity based on patients self-rated pain. The aim in study IV was additionally to determine the number of NRS ratings needed for the calculation of these measures. The number of surgical and orthopedic patients who completed study III were: n=157 and study IV: n=479. Study I and II confirmed earlier findings of patients’ self-reported pain scores as a facilitator in the understanding of their postoperative pain. Organizational routines, documentation devices, clinical competence, continuity in care, collaborative actions, time, and individual routines were healthcare related factors affecting the use of pain scales (I, II). Patient-related facilitating factors were patients’ ability and willingness to communicate pain, while disability and unwillingness to communicate or inconsistency in verbal communication with observed behaviors were barriers (II). Time and multidimensional communication approaches could bridge these barriers (I, II). Study III and IV showed acceptable reliability for the mode, median and maximum measures. Rank correlations for individual median scores, based on four ratings, versus patients’ retrospective self-rated average pain, were moderate and strengthened with increased numbers of ratings. The Svensson method showed an individual variation within the expected outcome and a significant systematic group change towards a higher level of reported retrospective pain. The calculated pain measures, particularly concerning pain at rest, generally were lower than patients’ recall of pain. The findings described beneficial effects of patient self-reported pain, however present healthcare did not fully support the utilization of pain scales. Because of the simple measurement characteristics, the use of daily NRS average pain measures, patients’ pain can be followed until resolved. The measures could additionally become important patient reported outcome measures and thus constitute new motivators to increase the utilization of pain scales.
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Nordin, Emelie, and Isabell Stor. "Vårdpersonalens erfarenheter kring omvårdnad av personer med demenssjukdom : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Omvårdnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-30529.
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Bakgrund: Cirka 130 000-150 000 personer i Sverige har en demenssjukdom. Demens är en obotlig sjukdom som kan leda till exempelvis minnessvårigheter, svårigheter att kommunicera, svårigheter att sköta sin personliga hygien. På grund av dessa symtom kan omvårdnaden av personer med demenssjukdom vara en svårighet för vårdpersonalen och de kan ställas inför olika utmaningar. Syfte: Att beskriva vårdpersonalens erfarenheter kring utmaningar i omvårdnad av personer med demenssjukdom. Metod: Litteraturöversikt där resultatet är baserat på arton vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: I resultatet har författarna till denna litteraturöversikt studerat vårdpersonalens erfarenheter av utmaningar kring omvårdnad av personer med demenssjukdom. Vid olika situationer i omvårdnaden av personer med demenssjukdom identifierades svårigheter och utmaningar för vårdpersonalen. Utmaningar som urskiljes: Bevara integritet eller förebygga skada, personlig hygien, administrera läkemedel, måltidssituationer, att undanhålla sanning för att lugna, teknisk övervakning och kommunikation. Slutsats: Det finns flera utmaningar inom omvårdnad av personer med demenssjukdom, där vårdpersonalen ställs inför valet att främja individens självbestämmande och integritet eller att förebygga skador genom att gå emot individens vilja.Background: Around 130 000-150 000 people in Sweden is suffering from dementia. Dementia is a terminal illness which can lead to memory loss, difficulty in communication and difficulties to manage their personal hygiene. Due to these symptoms, the care of people with dementia can be challenging and healthcare professionals are often faced with problematic questions. Aim: Describe healthcare professionals experiences concerning care of people affected by dementia. Method: A literature review, including eighteen scientific articles. Results: The authors to this systematic review has been studying the health care professionals experiences with different challenges within the healthcare of people with dementia. In different situations difficulties and challenges could be identified for the healthcare professionals. These challenges could include: maintain integrity or prevent injuries, personal hygiene, administration of medicinal products, meal situations, withhold the truth to keep the calm, technical monitoring, communication. Conclusion: Within the healthcare of people with dementia it occurs several dilemmas. The healthcare professionals are facing the choice between the individuals right to autonomy and integrity or provide against injury by acting against the patients individual will.
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Carlsson, Eva. "Communication about eating difficulties after stroke : from the perspectives of patients and professionals in health care." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2712.
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Stroke is one of the major causes of eating difficulties (EDs). It is one of the leading causes of death and disability and one of the most important factors contributing to health-care costs. There is a clear association between EDs after stroke and undernutrition, where studies have shown that structured screening of eating function among stroke patients can predict nutritional problems as well as need for subsequent institutional care. Reliable and valid instruments that can identify EDs exist, but there is lack of knowledge on how persons experience living with EDs after stroke. Stroke unit care is evidence-based and grounded in multidisciplinary collaboration and continuity of care. The overall aim of this thesis is to explore and describe EDs after stroke as represented by health care professionals in patient records (PRs) and transferred information, and as described by persons living with EDs after stroke. An additional aim is to explore methodological aspects related to the inclusion of persons with EDs and communication impairment in research studies. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Two studies used descriptive designs (I, II), one an explorative design (III) and one applied a methodological discussion (IV). In one of the studies PR data were used (I), in another study data were derived from three sources: PRs, screening of patients and interviews with nurses (II). Persons with EDs after stroke participated in Study III while literature, empirical data and researchers' experiences served as the data in study IV. Data were analysed by categorisation of phrases (I), content analysis (II) and descriptive statistics (I, II), by qualitative analysis (III) and by processing of literature and empirical findings in two research groups (IV). The main findings from the studies on representation of stroke care in PRs (I, II) showed that, despite that >50% of patients in Study I and all patients in Study II had EDs, there were few signs of multidisciplinary collaboration dealing with this problem. Unsystematic screening for swallowing difficulties was routine, whereas screening for nutritional risk and EDs was lacking (I, II). Multidisciplinary discharge summaries proved to have low quality and entailed little information on patients' eating ability (I). The two EDs most frequently documented were swallowing and lack of energy to complete a meal (I,II). EDs were described in vague terms (I, II). In Study II, all patients had swallowing difficulties and most patients had lack of energy to complete a meal. The electronic information transfer tool held information on eating ability for most patients (II), but the nursing staff in residential home care perceived deficiencies in that information, even identifying several EDs not reported at discharge (II). Experiences from persons living with EDs after stroke were presented in one main theme: Striving to live a normal life, including three sub-themes: Abandoned to learn on one's own (little support from health care professionals to learn to handle eating), Experiencing losses (loss of eating functions and loss of valued activities) and Feeling dependent in mealtime situations (III). One major finding from the methodological exploration (IV) is that creative approaches and suitable methods for inclusion of participants with EDs and communication impairment into qualitative studies can be found in the fields of aphasiology and learning disabilities. Another major finding from Study IV is that researchers need good communication skills as well as knowledge in neuropsychology. A general conclusion is that screening for EDs should be routine in stroke care and that a multidisciplinary terminology to express EDs must be developed to provide accurate information transfer. Health care professionals need to enhance their knowledge in nutrition and provide support to stroke patients with EDs with the goal that they can eat and perform meal-related activities in accordance with their habits before the stroke. To gain access to the experiences of persons with EDs and communication impairment researchers need to test participatory approaches when planning for inclusion of those persons.
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Richer, Marie-Claire. "The effect of appreciative inquiry on the retention of nurses and other professionals and on the development of innovative ideas in health care /." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103031.
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Background. Factors such as the shortage of personnel, hospital closures and mergers, the ageing of the population combined with the evolution of medical technologies have all added pressure to the health care system. These pressures have had an impact on current work environments and health care workers' satisfaction. In light of the evidence on the influence of job satisfaction and retention on the quality of tare and patient safety, interventions are needed to address these issues.Objective. The objective were to examine the effect of Appreciative Inquiry on: (1) the development of innovative ideas regarding work organization; (2) changes in health care professionals' and particularly nurses' job satisfaction and intent to stay; and, (3) levels of empowerment, social network and perceived organizational support.
Research design. The study used a multiple embedded case study design to access the multifaceted aspects relating to retention and innovation and examine the changes engendered by an AI intervention.
Participants and setting. Two oncology ambulatory clinics constituted the cases; the embedded units were the health care and the management teams (N = 47 and 5) of an adult oncology division in a multi-site university affiliated health care centre in a large Canadian city.
Methods. Multiple sources of evidence were used. They consisted of participant observation, questionnaires providing quantitative and qualitative evidence, interviews, direct observation and documentation.
Results. AI provided a way to involve health care professionals in change processes by creating the opportunity and the conditions that promoted the emergent of innovative ideas. Some of these ideas were implemented during the study period. AI did not result in improved psychological empowerment, perceived organizational support, support network or decreased intent to stay. Job satisfaction decreased over time. Perceptions of organizational support and psychological empowerment were found to influence job satisfaction and intent to stay.
Conclusion. This study makes a contribution to micro-systems examination of change processes and reveals how ideas evolve and are developed in a multidisciplinary context. AI represents a way to tap into the innovative potential of individuals within an organization. The findings suggest that upper and middle management support is required throughout change processes and that multilevel interventions need to be pursued to facilitate the implementation of innovative ideas and subsequently improve work environments.
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Bristol, Alycia, and Alycia Bristol. "Family Caregivers' Experiences during Transitions Occurring within an Acute Care Facility." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621796.
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Background: Family caregivers represent a critical component in the management of the health of older adults. The inclusion of family caregivers during transitions occurring between hospital and community settings has been previously considered. However, the experience of family caregivers during transitions occurring within the same setting remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of family caregivers during transitions occurring within an acute care setting. Method: A qualitative description study was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 family caregivers. Interviews were audio-recorded and occurred in person or over the telephone. Analysis included coding of interview data and the development of overarching themes. Findings: In this study, family caregivers reported the following themes. These themes included: "a lack of central brain during hospitalization," "muddling through transitions alone" and "wariness towards the care delivery system. The environmental influence of the hospital setting influenced family caregivers' view of the care provided by healthcare professionals and the transitions occurring between different units. Furthermore, half of the family caregiver participants (n=5) identified as having a background in healthcare. Healthcare professionals as family caregivers (HCP-FCs) reported unique experiences from other non-healthcare family caregivers. Interviews and field notes from HCP-FC participants were analyzed separately following the same procedures as the larger study. Three themes emerged including, "seeking inclusion," "insider perspectives," and "role struggle." Conclusion: Experiences of HCP-FCs and family caregivers during hospitalization of older adults have the potential to influence perceptions regarding transitional events occurring within acute care settings. Additionally, family caregivers' and HCP-FCs' perceptions of care coordination among healthcare professionals had the potential to negatively influence perceptions of transitions occurring within the acute care setting.
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Lucas, Nicola. "An Historical Analysis of the Development of Community-Based Health Services in Queensland 1969-1981." Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365693.
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This study describes and critically analyses the structure and development of community-based health services in Queensland in the 1970s. The study focuses on the development of community nursing. In the 1970s nurses were the largest single group of health professionals working in community-based health services and were identified as being central to the fulfillment of the Community Health programme (CHP).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing
Griffith Health
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Souza, Geisa Colebrusco de. "Trabalho em equipe de enfermagem: interação, conflito e ação interprofissional em hospital especializado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7140/tde-24052011-123616/.
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O trabalho em equipe de saúde e enfermagem tem sido apontado como um importante aspecto da organização dos serviços para alcançar a produção do cuidado integral. Assim, o estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as concepções dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre o trabalho em equipe de enfermagem bem como as concepções sobre a prática do cuidado integral e da integralidade à saúde. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada num hospital especializado em oncologia em duas unidades, ambulatório de especialidades e clínica cirúrgica. Foram entrevistadas 21 profissionais, enfermeiras e técnicas de enfermagem e no tratamento do material empírico, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que a concepção de trabalho em equipe de enfermagem é majoritariamente, ação interprofissional e que as entrevistadas elegem como elementos necessários para o trabalho em equipe a comunicação, confiança, vínculo, respeito mútuo, reconhecimento do trabalho do outro e colaboração. Identifica-se a presença de conflitos na equipe de enfermagem que ocorrem predominantemente entre enfermeiras e técnicas de enfermagem e obstaculizam o trabalho em equipe. Os conflitos em sua maioria são decorrentes da ausência de reconhecimento das contribuições das técnicas de enfermagem por parte das enfermeiras e da ausência de colaboração e compartilhamento do plano de cuidados entre as distintas categorias. Quanto às concepções sobre o cuidado integral de enfermagem as entrevistadas o referem como alternativo ao modelo de organização funcional, ancorado na abordagem biopsicossocial e fortalecido pelo modelo de enfermeiro referência. No tocante às práticas de integralidade à saúde identificam-se três categorias, a articulação entre os profissionais da equipe no atendimento do paciente, a articulação dos setores do hospital e a articulação do hospital na rede de atenção à saúde. Conclui-se que o trabalho em equipe de enfermagem caracteriza-se pela estreita interface com as ações desenvolvidas pela equipe interprofissional e que a colaboração e o planejamento dos cuidados de enfermagem realizado em conjunto entre enfermeiras e técnicas de enfermagem podem ampliar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem com foco nas necessidades de cuidado do paciente.The teamwork in the health and nursing area has been pointed as an important aspect from services organization seeking for the achievement of the integrated care concept. This study aims to identify and analyze the concepts sustained by nursing professionals concerning the teamwork in the nursing area as well as the concepts related to the practice of an integrated care and comprehensive health care. This qualitative research was developed in two different areas, out patient clinic and surgical clinic, from an oncology specialized hospital. There were 21 professionals interviewed including nurses and the nursing assistants. For the empirical treatment the content analysis technique was used. The results demonstrate that the understanding related to teamwork in nursing is mostly interprofessional practice and the interviewed people point as necessary elements for the teamwork the communication, trust environment, linkage among the professionals, respectful environment and the valorization of the work performed by each of the team members as well as the collaboration along with them. Conflicts mostly between nurses and the nursing assistants can be identified, establishing a barrier for the team work achievement. The majority of the conflicts derive from the lack of valorization from the nurses towards the contributions delivered by the nursing assistants as well as the lack of collaboration and sharing with regards to nursing care plan. With respect to the concept concerning the comprehensive health care the interviewed professionals mention it as an alternative model to functional organization, sustained by the biopsychosocial approach and reinforced by the primary nursing model. With regards to the integrated care practices three categories can be identified: the articulation between the professionals from the team when treating the patient, the articulation from the different sectors in the hospital and the articulation from the hospital in the health care system. It concludes that the nursing teamwork characterizes itself by the strict interface with actions carried out by the interprofessional team and that collaboration and nursing health care planning, performed together both by nurses and the nursing assistants, can increase the quality of the nursing assistance focusing on the patient centered care.
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Rosengren, Sandra, and Lina Matsson-Frost. "Att möta fördommar: En litteraturstudie om patienter med emotionellt instabilt personlighetssyndrom erfarenheter av mötet med vårdpersonal." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-183073.
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Bakgrund: Emotionellt instabilt personlighetssyndrom (EIPS) formas oftast under tonåren och har en symtombild som innebära instabila relationer, förvrängd självbild och impulsivitet som kan innebära självskadehandlingar och självmord eller försök till detta. På grund av sitt syndrom kan patientgruppen vara i behov av sjukvård inom den somatiska såväl som den psykiatriska vården. Patientgruppen får ofta i samband med sjukvård utstå negativa uttryck från vårdpersonal, vilket kan leda till ett försämrat mående hos patientgruppen. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att belysa erfarenheter av mötet med vårdpersonal hos patienter med EIPS. Metod: Den genomförda studien är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie. I litteraturstudiens resultat inkluderades nio kvalitativa studier funna i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl. Studierna kvalitetsgranskades enligt en bedömningsmall med kvalitativ inriktning av Olsson och Sörensen samt analyserades enligt Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Efter analys utformades två kategorier (att känna sig bekräftad och att få sin värdighet kränkt) och fem subkategorier (att bli sedd och hörd, att känna förtroende, att uppleva diskriminering, att inte bli tagen på allvar och att uppleva svek). Resultatet visar att patienter med EIPS hade erfarenheter av fördomar mot sin diagnos, diskriminering samt att inte bli tagen på allvar i möten med vården. Det rådde delade meningar hos patientgruppen vad gäller att känna sig bekräftad. Konklusion: Ett behov av att öka förståelsen för patienter med EIPS samt bättre strategier för vårdpersonalens bemötande identifierades, för att förbättra det vårdande mötet. Tidvattenmodellen anses kunna vara ett bra alternativ att arbeta efter i samband med vård av patientgruppen.Background: Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) usually debuts in adolescence and is characterized by symptoms involving unstable relationships, distorted self-image and impulsivity. Such symptoms can lead to acts of self-harming and suicide or suicide attempts. Due to the syndrome, the patients are often in need of medical care, within the somatic, as well as the psychiatric care. The patients often have to endure negative expressions from the health care professionals, which can lead to worsened mental health among the patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate experiences among patients with EUPD in the meeting with health care professionals. Methods: This study was a qualitative literature study based on nine articles found in Pubmed and Cinahl. All articles were quality-examined using an assessment with a qualitative focus, formed by Olsson and Sörensen. The articles were analyzed inspired by Fribergs five-step model. Results: Based on the analysis, two categories (to feel acknowledge and to have one’s dignity violated) and five subcategories (to be seen and heard, to feel trusted, to experience discrimination, not to be taken seriously and to experience betrayal) were formed. The results show that patients with EUPD had experiences of prejudice against their diagnosis, discrimination and not being taken seriously by the health care professionals. There were divided opinions among the patients of feeling acknowledge as an individual. Conclusion: These findings indicate a need for increasing the understanding for the patients as well as better treatment strategies to improve the patients experiences when seeking care. The tidal model is a strategi considered to be a good alternative to use for improving the health care for patients with EUPD.
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Freeman, Toby, and toby freeman@flinders edu au. "The Role of Health Professionals in the Prevention of Smoking- and Alcohol-Related Harms: Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Work Behaviours." Flinders University. School of Psychology, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070703.133715.
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Professional practice change and the transfer of research into practice are critical issues for the public health field. The program of research presented here investigated the potential for practice change in dental hygienists and Emergency Department nurses provision of brief interventions targeting smoking (of tobacco) and alcohol consumption respectively. Smoking and risky alcohol consumption are two high prevalence public health issues that have a substantial impact on the burden of death and illness in Australia.
Research on dental hygienists and nurses uptake of these interventions is limited and has largely focused on descriptions of perceived barriers. Little research has been conducted on the attitudes and motivations of health professionals to engage in these interventions. The present research was designed to address that gap. Specifically, two behaviours by dental hygienists and Emergency Department nurses were investigated: identification of patients at risk and provision of assistance to such patients.
The program of research applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour to these behaviours in order to:
1) examine the role of dental hygienists and Emergency Department nurses in the provision of brief interventions for smoking and alcohol consumption respectively,
2) assess the ability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to understand and predict health professionals identifying and assisting behaviour,
3) assess the ability of the theory to account for the influence of organisational factors on workers behaviour, and
4) design and evaluate a Theory of Planned Behaviour-based professional practice change intervention.
This is the first research to apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to these behaviours, to examine the potential of the theory to account for the influence of organisational factors on workers behaviour, and to trial an intervention targeting behaviour in an organisational setting.
The four studies undertaken provided a comprehensive application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour.
In the first study, a meta-analysis of published research examined the ability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to predict behaviours in an organisational setting. This was the first meta-analysis of studies applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour applications to organisational settings. The findings were comparable to results of a meta-analysis of studies applying the theory to social and health behaviours, supporting the application of the theory to the organisational setting, and also highlighted the potential importance of perceived behavioural control for work behaviours. Studies 2 to 4 were designed to follow Ajzen and Fishbeins (1975) 3-step methodology for applying the theory.
In Study 2, the behavioural, normative, and control beliefs held by dental hygienists and Emergency Department nurses, and potentially relevant organisational factors, such as workload and available support, were identified through in-depth qualitative interviews.
Study 3 measured the ability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to predict dental hygienists and Emergency Department nurses frequency of identifying and assisting. The theory was most successful in predicting dental hygienists frequency of assisting patients who smoke. The self-efficacy dimension of perceived behavioural control was the strongest predictor of this behaviour. The findings for Emergency Department nurses indicated that subjective norms were an important predictor of intentions to identify and assist patients. The Theory of Planned Behaviour accounted for the influence of organisational factors on behaviour for both dental hygienists and nurses.
Study 4 involved a randomised controlled trial which evaluated a professional intervention targeting dental hygienists assistance of patients who smoke. Trends indicated potential benefits of the intervention, but overall no significant changes in dental hygienists role adequacy, role legitimacy, and targeted control beliefs emerged. This outcome was attributed to ceiling effects and the influence of a media campaign that coincided with the intervention.
The research presented here provides partial support for the application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to professional practice change efforts. Specifically, the ability of the theory to explain the impact of organisational factors and identify variables most predictive of behaviour may provide valuable insight for prioritising future professional practice change efforts.
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Kristen, Haase. "Internet Cancer Information Use by Newly Diagnosed Individuals: A Mixed Methods Study of Interactions with Healthcare Professionals and the Health Care System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37222.
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Background: People with cancer are increasingly turning to the internet to find information and support. However, little is known regarding the use of the internet and how this impacts patients’ cancer experiences and their interactions with, and within, the healthcare system.
Purpose and objectives: The overarching purpose of this dissertation is to explore the ways that patients newly diagnosed with cancer use cancer-related internet information (CRII) and the role it plays in interactions with the healthcare system. The specific objectives were to: (1) qualitatively explore the content of commonly searched websites from a critical nursing perspective; (2) explore patients’ prompts to use CRII and how CRII informs the ways in which patients interact with healthcare professionals and healthcare services, and (3) document what CRII is accessed and the patterns and frequency of use.
Methods: An embedded mixed methods study was conducted using interpretive description as the overarching methodology. Date sources included: (1) a qualitative review of 20 cancer websites; (2) 19 individuals newly diagnosed with cancer, who each took part in two in-depth interviews and a brief survey; and (3) 21 healthcare professionals who engaged in three focus groups (n=17) and in-depth individual interviews (n=4).
Results: The dominant discourse in the websites reviewed focused on empirical information about treatment, prognosis, and cure. A dearth of sociopolitical, ethical, personal, and esthetic information was noted. Thus, when seeking CRII, patients predominantly find empirical and biomedical information.
The qualitative interviews with patients revealed three key themes that characterize how patients used CRII: (1) person in context, (2) management of information, and (3) managing relationships with healthcare professionals. These themes explain how patients mobilized CRII to manage their patient experience. Patients described CRII as an important resource to process information, make decisions about their illness, and make sense of their disease. Patients also sought CRII to complement and reinforce information and support provided by healthcare professionals.
The interviews and focus groups with healthcare professionals revealed two key themes with respect to their views of CRII use. These themes relate to healthcare professionals’ perceptions of patient use of the internet to manage their pragmatic concerns and priorities as well as to navigate processes and practices of the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals found that CRII could modulate patients’ interactions with the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals also acknowledged key points in the cancer trajectory where information may be lacking or where patients may have less informational support; participants felt that CRII served as a beneficial resource to address these gaps. Although healthcare professionals were supportive of patient use of CRII to meet cancer information needs, they also described concerns regarding patients finding and using untrustworthy information.
Conclusions: Together, the findings from this dissertation research inform an understanding of how people with cancer use CRII to manage their cancer experience and interact with healthcare professionals and services. Findings highlight the importance of information diversity in the midst of a lack of holistic and varied information presently online. There is also a need for nurses and other healthcare professionals to be aware of the information that is available online and to understand what patients are accessing. Communication about CRII between patients and healthcare professionals may also strengthen areas of patient education that are lacking as well as encourage healthcare professionals to raise key topics of interest.
Implications for Practice: There is clearly a growing need for dialogue around pervasive technologies and the nursing role in assessing and directing patients to holistic information. Oncology nurses are well situated to take the lead in their multi-disciplinary care teams to engage patients about their CRII use and to explore the tensions experienced by clinicians surrounding CRII use. CRII use is a growing trend amongst patients across all healthcare settings, and nurses are well positioned to initiate discussions and be leaders in practice. Future research is warranted to expand on the link between CRII use and the utilization of health services, the role of CRII for those in rural areas compared to those in urban areas, and the role of the family in patients’ mobilization of CRII in their cancer experience.
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Eliasson, Malin, and Anna Nilsson. "Ammande mödrars erfarenheter av stöd i samband med amning : En beskrivande litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27412.
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Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Mödrar har ammat i alla tider mer eller mindre. Attityder från familj och rådande kultur kan göra modern ambivalent till att amma sitt barn. Problem kan uppstå, som kan leda till att modern avstår från att amma. Det finns många fördelar med att amma både för barnet och för modern. Sjuksköterskan kan främja amning och bidra till att mödrar i större utsträckning får stöd att amma sina barn. Syfte: Att beskriva ammande mödrars erfarenheter av stöd i samband med amning samt att beskriva de valda artiklarnas undersökningsgrupp. Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna hämtades från databaserna MedLine/PubMed och Cinahl via högskolan i Gävle. Resultat: Resultatet i litteraturstudien beskriver mödrars erfarenheter av amningsstöd i olika situationer, både positivt och negativt. De olika teman som framkom var, Blandade reaktioner innan förlossning, Efterfrågan av expertstöd och socialt stöd, Få ett bra bemötande, Osäkerhet och frustration, samt Uppskattning och missnöje av praktiska tips. Mödrar upplevde förberedelser för amning som användbart, men att amning inte alltid presenterades på ett realistiskt och ärligt sätt. Både förstföderskor och omföderskor önskade professionellt stöd. Om vårdpersonalen svarade på den enskilda moderns behov, värderades stödjande och icke-dömande som positivt amningsstöd. Motsägelsefulla budskap skapade förvirring och osäkerhet. Praktiskt stöd uppskattades särskilt i början. Hårdhänt vårdpersonal vid det praktiska stödet gjorde att mödrar kände sig missnöjda. Mödrarna i litteraturstudien var i olika åldrar, både förstföderskor och omföderskor som hade fött vaginalt eller med kejsarsnitt. Tre världsdelar fanns representerade som Europa, Oceanien och Nordamerika. Slutsats: Vikten av professionellt bra amningsstöd är en förutsättning för att fler mödrar ska känna sig tryggare vid amning. En bra förberedelse, praktiskt stöd och att informationen presenteras på ett realistiskt, ärligt, konsekvent sätt samt är baserat på mamman som individ gör kanske att fler mödrar ammar sina barn. Detta kan leda till att fler mödrar och barn kan ta del av det fördelar som amning innebär. Nyckelord: Amning, problem, stöd, hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal, kvalitativ, omvårdnad.Abstract Background: Mothers are breastfeeding at all times more or less. Attitudes from family and current culture can make mother ambivalent to breastfeeding their child. Problems may arise which may result in the mother refraining from breastfeeding. There are many benefits of breastfeeding both for the child and for the mother. The nurse can promote breastfeeding and contribute until mothers get more support to breastfeeding their children. Aim: To describe breastfeeding mothers experiences of breastfeeding support and to describe the selected articles study-group. Method: A descriptive literature review based on ten scientific articles. The articles were retrieved from databases Med Line/PubMed and Cinahl through the University of Gävle. Results: The outcome of the literature study describes mothers' experiences of breastfeeding support in different situations, both positive and negative. The different themes that emerged was, Mixed pre-delivery reactions, Demand for expert support and social support, and Get a good deal of attention, Insecurity and frustration, as well as Appreciation and dissatisfaction with practical tips. Mothers experienced preparations for breastfeeding as useful, but breastfeeding was not always presented in a realistic and honest way. Both prim parous and multiparous desired professional support. If the healthcare staff was responding to the needs of the single mother, evaluated supportive and non-judging as positive breastfeeding support. Contradictory messages created confusion and uncertainty. Practical support was especially appreciated initially. Hard-hearted healthcare professionals in the practical support made mothers feel dissatisfied.The mother´s in the literature study was of different ages, both prim parous and multiparous, who had born vaginally or with caesarean sections. Three continents were represented as Europe, Oceania and North America. Conclusion: The importance of professionally good breastfeeding support is a prerequisite for more mothers to feel safer when breastfeeding. A good preparation, practical support and that the information presented in a realistic, honest, consistent way and is based on the mother as an individual way make more mother´s breastfeed their children. This can lead to more mothers and children taking advantage of the benefits that breastfeeding involves. Keywords: Breastfeeding, problems, support, health care- professionals, qualitative,nursing.
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Christy, Therese, and Ulrica Ostermark. "Att vårda äldre patienter med kronisk smärta : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42613.
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Bakgrund: Kronisk smärta är ett globalt fenomen där var femte människa regelbundet upplever måttlig till svår smärta. Otillräcklig förståelse och kunskap om egenvård av kronisk smärta kan vara ett hinder för många äldre personer. Otillräcklig smärtlindring kan medföra onödigt lidande för patienten. Kronisk smärta kan också påverka den äldre personens vardag så väl som deras livskvalité. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens erfarenhet av omvårdnad hos äldre personer med kronisk smärta. Metod: Denna studie var en litteraturöversikt med induktiv design med 11 kvalitativa artiklar som urval. Resultat: Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen uttryckte att det fanns ett ökat behov av kunskap om smärta, eftersom de stundtals tvivlade på sin egen förmåga att bedöma och lindra smärtan hos äldre personer, vilket gav en känsla av maktlöshet. Erfarenheten var att samarbete, tillit och en fungerande kommunikation inom det multi-professionella teamet var viktigt för att patientens smärtlindring skulle bli optimal. Slutsats: För att den äldre patienten med kronisk smärta ska få en god smärtlindring krävs att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen har kunskap, samarbetsförmåga och självinsikt.Background: Chronic pain is a global phenomenon, where every fifth person experiences moderate to severe pain regularly. Insufficient understanding and knowledge of chronic pain can be an obstacle for elderly patients. Pain relief that is insufficient contributes to unnecessary suffering for the individual. Chronic pain can also influence elderly patients' everyday life, as well as their quality of life. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the health care staffs’ experience of nursing in elderly patients with chronic pain. Method: This study was a literature review with an inductive design in addition to a selection of qualitative articles. Result: The health care staff expressed a need for increasing the knowledge about pain, as they sometimes doubted their ability to assess and alleviate the pain in the elderly, which gave a sense of the staff being powerless. The experience was that collaboration, trust, and a functioning communication within the multi-professional team had an important role for optimal pain relief. Conclusion: In order for the elderly patient with chronic pain to receive sufficient pain relief, the healthcare professionals need abilities such as knowledge, cooperation and self-awareness.
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Johansson, Alexander, and Evelina Stjerndorff. "Kvinnors upplevelser av omvårdnad efter att ha blivit utsatta för våld i nära relationer : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16816.
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Bakgrund: Våld i nära relationer mot kvinnor är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem och skapar ett lidande hos de utsatta på flera plan och dessa kvinnor är i särskilt behov av stöd. Vårdpersonal har en viktig roll i att möta dessa kvinnor, där hela människan måste tas i beaktande. Kunskapsbrist och organisatoriska brister försvårar mötet med kvinnor som blivit utsatta för våld. Syfte: Beskriva hur kvinnor som blivit utsatta för våld i nära relationer upplevde omvårdnaden från vårdpersonalen. Metod: Litteraturöversikt där elva kvalitativa artiklar analyserades. Resultat: I resultatet framkommer det fyra huvudteman och två subteman. (1) Vårdpersonalens attityder och bemötande; vikten av tid, utsatt patientgrupp. (2) Betydelsen av att vårdpersonal frågar om våld. (3) Fokus på symtom. (4) Upplevelser av stöd och hjälp. Konklusion: Vårdpersonal behöver mer utbildning, tydliga riktlinjer och stöd/handledning från arbetsplatsen. Relationen mellan vårdpersonal och den utsatta kvinnan behöver präglas av en trygg miljö, tillit och medmänsklighet.Background: Violence against women is a major public health problem and creates a suffering on several levels and these women are in particular need of support. Healthcare professionals have an important role in meeting these women, where the whole person must be considered. Lack of knowledge and organizational shortcomings complicate the encounter with women who have been exposed to violence. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe women’s experiences of care whom been a victim of violence in close relationship. Method: Literature review where eleven qualitative articles were analyzed. Result: The result shows four main themes and two sub-themes. (1) Attitudes and treatment of healthcare professionals; the importance of time, exposed patient group. (2) The importance of healthcare professionals asking about violence. (3) Focus on symptoms. (4) Experiences of support and help. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals need more education, clear guidelines and support/supervision from the workplace. The relationship between healthcare professionals and the women needs to be characterized by a safe environment, trust and compassion.
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Borell, Magdalena, and Sofie Tranberg. "Attityder från vårdpersonal i omvårdnaden av överviktiga patienter : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3596.
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Sjuksköterskor och läkare spelar en stor roll i vården av överviktiga patienter och att denna patientgrupp får samma vård på samma villkor som patienter som inte är överviktiga. Inom hälso- och sjukvård kan det finnas negativa attityder om att patienter med ett högt BMI är lata och odisciplinerade. Vårt syfte var tudelat. Det första delsyftet var att beskriva om det finns negativa attityder från vårdpersonal gentemot överviktiga patienter. Den andra delen av syftet var att beskriva den överviktiga patientens egna upplevelser av vårdpersonalens attityder. Det gjordes en litteraturöversikt för att sammanställa forskningsläget. Sammanlagt har det analyserats 14 artiklar i resultatet, dessa var både kvantitativa och kvalitativa studier. Två teman arbetades fram. Till dessa framkom åtta underteman. Vårdpersonalens attityder visade sig påverkas av ett antal faktorer. Detta ledde i viss mån till att patienterna undvek att uppsöka vård. Resultatet visade att vårdpersonal är medvetna om att det finns negativa attityder mot överviktiga. Trots detta upplevde många överviktiga patienter nedvärderande attityder från just vårdpersonal. Vårdpersonal uppvisade en del attityder. Det visade sig att patienterna påverkades av dessa attityder oavsett om det var en egen upplevelse eller de faktiskt förekom.
Nurses and doctors play a major role in the care of obese patients and that this population receive the same treatment under the same conditions as patients who are not overweight. Within healthcare, there may be negative attitudes that patients with high BMI are lazy and undisciplined. Our purpose was twofold. The first part seeks to describe if there were negative attitudes of health professionals towards obese patients. The second part of the purpose was to describe the obese patient´s experiences of health professionals´ attitudes. This was a literature survey to compile the research situation. 14 articles were analyzed and put in the result, they were both quantitative and qualitative studies. Two themes were produced, to these eight sub-themes emerged. Health-care workers' attitudes were found to be influenced by a number of factors. This led to some extent that patients avoided seeking medical care. The results showed that health professionals were aware that there were negative attitudes towards overweight patients. Despite this, many overweight patients’ experienceed disparaging attitudes when visiting health professionals. Health professionals had a number of negative attitudes. It was found that patients were affected by these attitudes, whether they are their own experience or they do occur.
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Bini, Christina, and Claire Nielsen. "Beröringens makt : En litteraturöversikt om hur vårdpersonal använder sig av beröring i omvårdnaden." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4663.
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Background: Human interaction by touch plays a central role for our health and well being throughout life. When people touch each other our bodies release a hormone called oxytocin into the bloodstream, this gives the body a soothing effect. Touching on the other hand can be perceived as unpleasant if it is not in accordance with the patient’s norm or wishes. From biblical times and through to today human touch plays a central part of nursing. The way we touch each other is not always something that comes naturally, habits of touching depends largely on one´s cultural background, upbringing and experiences. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how health professional’s uses touch in daily care. Method: The authors have made a literature review. Ten research papers of both qualitative and quantitative design have been gathered via database searches. Results: The result showed that touching is an inevitable part of nursing. Health professionals use touch to build relationships and support verbal communication with the patient. The result also showed that touching made patients feel more secure and it also gave health professionals pride. Discussions: The results were discussed in relation to the life-world theory according to Dahlberg and Segesten. The main focus of discussion was: how the relationship between health professionals and the patient is affected by the way touch is used, touch is also used to create positive feelings and health professionals themselves feel strengthened by using touch.Bakgrund: Beröring har en central betydelse för människans hälsa och välbefinnande genom hela livet. När människan ger och får beröring frisätts hormonet oxytocin till blodet, vilket ger en lugnande effekt. Beröring kan upplevas som obehaglig om den inte är i enlighet med människans vilja. Från bibliska berättelser och fram till idag beskrivs beröring som en betydande del i vårdandet och hur vårdpersonal arbetar. Beröring är dock inte alltid något som kommer sig naturligt, användandet beror till stor del på människans uppväxt, erfarenheter och kulturella bakgrund. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva hur vårdpersonal använder beröring i den dagliga omvårdnaden. Metod: Författarna har gjort en litteraturöversikt. Tio forskningsartiklar av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ design samlades in genom databassökningar. Resultat: Resultatet visade att beröring är en oundviklig handling i vården. Vårdpersonalens beröring användes för att stärka vårdrelationen och den verbala kommunikationen. Resultatet visade också att beröring gav trygghet för patienterna samtidigt som det gav vårdpersonalen mening med sitt yrke. Diskussion: Resultatet har diskuterats i relation till livsvärldsteorin enligt Dahlberg och Segesten. Diskussionens huvudfokus är de mest framträdande upptäckterna i resultatet, vilka var: att vårdrelationen påverkas av hur vårdpersonalen använder beröring, att beröring används för att skapa positiva känslor samt att vårdpersonalen själva stärks då de använder sig av beröring.
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Oliveira, Aline Furtado Carlos de. "Fatores de risco e hipertensão arterial: estudo entre os profissionais de enfermagem de uma instituição filantrópica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-02092008-111344/.
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Diante da magnitude da hipertensão arterial enquanto doença crônica não transmissível, com etiologia multifatorial e por constituir-se em um dos principais fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares, responsáveis pelos elevados índices de mortalidade, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo tendo por objetivos identificar, entre os profissionais de enfermagem de uma instiuição de saúde filantrópica, níveis de pressão arterial, tendo em vista a detecção precoce de possíveis hipertensos e analisar a exposição destes profissionais aos principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença hipertensiva. A população estudada constituiu-se de 147 profissionais de enfermagem (enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem e auxiliares de enfermagem), com idade entre 20 e 70 anos, que desenvolviam atividades no período da coleta de dados. Os dados foram obtidos através de entrevista estruturada, individual, realizada pelo pesquisador no local de trabalho desses profissionais. Primeiramente realizou-se a entrevista para identificar os fatores de risco para a doença hipertensiva, em seguida foi determinado os valores da pressão arterial pelo método indireto, utilizando aparelho oscilométrico (modo automático) da marca Dixtal 1710; posteriormente obteve-se os dados antropométricos que constituiu da medida do peso , altura, circunferência da cintura e circunferência do quadril. Os níveis tensionais foram obtidos através de duas medidas, com intervalo de 120 segundos cada, utilizando bolsa de borracha com largura compatível à circunferência do braço do profissional, sendo obtidos todos os valores no membro superior direito com o indivíduo sentado e tendo o braço apoiado e ao nível do coração, seguindo as recomendações das IV Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial (2002) e Mion Jr; Pierin (2000). Para fins deste estudo considerou-se os valores da pressão arterial, a média entre os valores obtidos nas duas medidas. Quanto aos resultados, no que se refere à biologia humana, detectou-se que 91,8% eram do sexo feminino; 34,7% estavam com idade entre 20 e 29 anos e 29,2% possuíam idade superior a 40 anos; 12,2% apresentaram obesidade de grau I e II, respectivamente; 2,1% dos homens apresentaram RCQ >= 1,0 e 38,7% mulheres apresentaram RCQ >= 0,85; 11,6% apresentaram valores de PAS >= 140 mmHg e 6,8% PAD >= 90 mmHg; 72,8% referiram historia familiar positiva para doença hipertensiva, 48,0% de DM e 34,6% de AVC. Quanto ao meio ambiente, 41,5% possuíam o 2o grau completo; 43,5% eram casados e 53,7% possuíam um único emprego. Em relação ao estilo de vida, 27,9% referiram realizar algum tipo de atividade física; 16,4% eram fumantes; 36,7% referiram consumir bebida alcoólica; 26,6% sentiam-se estressados devido a problemas familiares e 26,5% indicaram preferência por alimentos com alto teor de sódio. Quanto ao atendimento de saúde, 84,4% possuíam convênio médico pela empresa e 63,3% indicaram procurar o serviço de saúde apenas para tratamento médico específico. Estes achados indicam a necessidade de implementação de programas educativos voltados para esta população específica, com vistas a prevenção e controle da doença hipertensiva, como também a conscientização destes sobre os fatores de risco a que estão expostos e que se constituem em elementos nocivos à sua saúde em geral.Over the prevalence of hypertension as a non-chronic disease, with multifactor ethiology and mainly associated with high mortality rates for heart diseases, the purpose of the present study was to detect among nursing professionals of a national phylanthropy Health Institution, high blood pressure, focusing the primary detection of possible hypertension patients. A hundred and forty-seven professionals on both sexes, with ages ranging from 20 to 70 years, participated in the study. Data analysis was carried out through the application of structured and individual questionnaries and interviews by the researcher, in the subjects place of working. First, an objective interview was done by the subjects to identify the presenting risk factors of hypertension disease and after that, a high blood pressure test was carried out using a oscillometric device (automatic mode) manufactured by Dixtal 1710; second, the anthropometry assessment data which constitutes body mass (Kg), height (cm), circumference (cm) of thigh and hips, was measured. The tensional levels were obtained and analysed through two measured instructions, with and interval of 120 seconds each, using a \"rubler bag\" widely in proportion to the circumference of forearm; these values were obtained from upper extremities where subjects were sitted and holding their right forearm over the heart, following and validing the IV Brazilian Laws Recommendations of Hypertension (2002) and Mion Jr; Pierin (2000). For a reliable result in tests, they have considered the high blood pressure data found in both measured ways. As a result, they have detected 91,8% of risk factors were women; 34,7% ranging from 20 to 29 years, and 29,2% with ages over 40 years; 12,2% presented obesity levels I and II and 2,1% of the men presented RCQ >= 1,0 and 38,7% of women presented RCQ >= 0,85; 11,6% presented values PAS >= 140 mmHg and 6,8% values PAD >= 90 mmHg; 72,8% were likely and genetically positively to present hypertension disease, 48,0% diabetes mellitus and 34,6% cerebral vascular accidents. According to the behaviorial way of living, 41,5% of the subjects had high school degree; 43,5% were married and 53,7% held only one job. Related to life style, 27,9% of them adopted particularly levels of physical activity; 16,4% had smoking habits; 36,7% used to drink some alcoholic drinks; 26,6% were under housing stressed and 26,5% have preferred high levels of sodium food. Due to health care, 84,4% held a health care insurance subsidized and 63,3%. Information on this matter, particularly with referral to the health professionals, could serve as a basis for the design of intervention programs aiming at improving work and health conditions within this population segment.
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Benites, Marília Deltreggia. "Amamentação: capacitando os profissionais de enfermagem." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9466.
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Previous issue date: 2013-06-27Breastfeeding needs to be taught, because the lack of knowledge about breastfeeding by mothers has been determinant of early weaning. Capabilities in the area of promotion of breastfeeding are key to a good practice, especially nursing professionals serving mothers in maternity wards. In this scenario, the problem-based education presents itself as a powerful tool in supporting breastfeeding and the transformation of everyday practices. This study aimed to develop a training program on breastfeeding with nursing professionals serving mothers and infants in the hospital from the perceptions, knowledge and practices on breastfeeding these professionals and their training needs. It is interventional study of qualitative and quantitative approach carried out with 42 nurses (22 auxiliaries, 13 technical and 7 nurses) who answered a questionnaire addressing concepts, knowledge and practices on breastfeeding. The content relating to perceptions about breastfeeding and practices of health professionals in breastfeeding support were organized according to Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (Collective Subject Discourse) and analyzed in the form of thematic analysis. We used a simple frequency analysis on issues related to knowledge and practices on breastfeeding. The results supported the implementation of an educational program focused on the identified needs. It was found that the profile of the majority of the collaborators is young adult (76.2%), mothers who breastfed their children, but only 57% participated in training on breastfeeding. With respect to educational practices, most of them guide mothers about breastfeeding and its advantages and care about skin cracks, besides questioning about the difficulties in breastfeeding. However, only 69% check a feeding most of the time. Collective discourses emerged three themes representing the meaning of breastfeeding: ideal food, mother-child bond, and health and wellness, showing the traditional and technical conception of breastfeeding related to the advantages that it brings to the child. These collaborators feel the need to be trained to support mothers in breastfeeding, pointing to the realization of the educational program. There was a need to discuss and deepen the themes: observation of breastfeeding techniques, difficulties experienced by mothers, care about mammary engorgement, poor milk letdown, exclusive breastfeeding and the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. For this purpose, three meetings have been developed in which the strategy adopted was Teams Based Learning (TBL), which is based on the interaction of small groups and ensures the application of the concepts studied in solving real problems. It is believed that training with active methodology (TBL) guided by the learning needs had positive results, as the professionals who participated 10 have shown great interest in learning the correct way and help mothers in breastfeeding support, feeling compromised to multiply the contents discussed with other professionals. The contribution of this study was mainly due to the impact of educational action and the use, unprecedented in our country, of a TBL training on breastfeeding for nursing professionals. It is important that these professionals have access to courses and training to keep up and improve their daily practices
A amamentação precisa ser ensinada, pois a falta de conhecimentos sobre o aleitamento materno por parte das mães tem sido determinante do desmame precoce. Capacitações na área de promoção da amamentação são fundamentais para uma boa prática, sobretudo dos profissionais de enfermagem que atendem puérperas nas maternidades. Nesse cenário, a educação problematizadora se apresenta como ferramenta poderosa no apoio à amamentação e na transformação das práticas cotidianas. Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um programa de capacitação sobre amamentação com profissionais de enfermagem que atendem mães e lactentes em ambiente hospitalar a partir das percepções, conhecimentos e práticas sobre amamentação desses profissionais e suas necessidades de capacitação. Trata-se de estudo intervencionista, de abordagem qualiquantitativa realizado com 42 profissionais de enfermagem (22 auxiliares, 13 técnicas e 7 enfermeiras) que responderam um questionário abordando concepções, conhecimentos e práticas sobre amamentação. Os conteúdos referentes à percepção sobre amamentação e práticas dos profissionais de saúde no apoio à amamentação foram organizados segundo o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados na modalidade análise temática. Foi utilizada a análise de frequência simples para as questões referentes aos conhecimentos e práticas sobre amamentação. Os resultados subsidiaram a realização de um programa de educação voltado para as necessidades identificadas. Constatou-se que o perfil da maioria das colaboradoras é de adultas jovens (76,2%), mães que amamentaram seus filhos, mas apenas 57% participaram de capacitações sobre amamentação. Com relação às práticas educativas, a maioria orienta as puérperas sobre o aleitamento materno e suas vantagens e os cuidados com fissuras, além de questionar sobre as dificuldades para amamentar. No entanto, apenas 69% verificam uma mamada na maioria das vezes. Nos discursos coletivos emergiram três temas representativos do sentido da amamentação: alimento ideal, elo mãe-filho, saúde e bem-estar, mostrando uma concepção técnica e tradicional da amamentação voltada às vantagens que a amamentação traz para a criança. Essas colaboradoras sentem necessidade de serem capacitadas para apoiar as puérperas na amamentação, apontando para a realização do programa de capacitação. Verificou-se a necessidade de discutir e aprofundar os temas: observação da mamada, dificuldades sentidas pelas puérperas, cuidados com o ingurgitamento mamário, dificuldade de apojadura, amamentação exclusiva e Dez Passos Para o Sucesso do Aleitamento Materno. Para isso foram desenvolvidos três encontros nos quais foi adotada a estratégia Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes (TBL), que se baseia na interação de pequenos grupos e assegura a aplicação dos conceitos estudados na resolução dos problemas reais. Acredita-se que a capacitação com metodologia ativa (TBL) norteada pelas necessidades de aprendizagem teve resultados positivos, pois as profissionais que participaram 10 demonstraram grande interesse em aprender e a ajudar de maneira correta as mães no apoio à amamentação, sentindo-se comprometidas em multiplicar os conteúdos discutidos com as demais profissionais. A contribuição deste estudo se deu principalmente pelo impacto da ação educativa e pela utilização, inédita em nosso meio, de TBL em uma capacitação sobre amamentação com profissionais de enfermagem. É importante que essas profissionais tenham acesso a cursos e capacitações para manterem-se atualizadas e melhorarem suas práticas cotidianas
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Rolandsdotter, Frida, and Klara Pettersson. "Vårdpersonals erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med autismspektrumtillstån." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178183.
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Bakgrund: Autismspektrumtillstånd, AST, är ett samlingsnamn för flertalet neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar. AST påverkar hjärnans kognitiva delar och resulterar i svårigheter med det sociala samspelet, kommunikation och begränsad föreställningsförmåga. 1 av 160 barn har diagnosen och antalet individer med AST ökar i samhället och stor sannolikhet föreligger därmed att vårdpersonal möter dem som patienter. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att undersöka vårdpersonals erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med autismspektrumtillstånd. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie baserad på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar. Artikelsökning genomfördes i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed, PsycInfo och Google Scholar. Analys utfördes utifrån Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Utifrån analysen formades två huvudteman med tillhörande subteman. De huvudteman som bildades var; Svårigheter i mötet med vården och Faktorer som underlättar mötet. Konklusion: Vårdpersonal är i behov av kontinuerlig träning och utbildning för att kunna ge lämplig vård anpassad för patienter med AST. Kommunikationssvårigheter upplevs som ett hinder i omvårdnaden och sjukhusmiljön behöver anpassas. Vidare forskning bör utföras för att belysa vårdpersonals erfarenheter så att fler kan bli medvetna om hur vården kan anpassas för att gynna patienter med AST.Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder, AST, is a collective name for most neuropsychiatric disabilities. AST affects the cognitive parts of the brain and results in difficulties with social interaction, communication and limited imagination. 1 in 160 children has the diagnosis and the number of individuals with AST is increasing in society and there is a high probability that care staff will meet them as patients. Aim: The aim of this literature study is to examine healthcare professionals' experiences of caring for patients with autism spectrum disorders. Methods: A qualitative literature study based on 8 scientific articles. Article search was performed in the databases Cinahl, PubMed, PsycInfo and Google Schoolar. Analysis was performed based on Friberg's five-step model. Results: Based on the analysis, two main themes with associated sub-themes were designed. The main themes that were formed were: Difficulties in the encounter with care and Factors that facilitate the encounter. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals are in need of continuous training and education to be able to provide appropriate care adapted for patients with AST. Communication difficulties are perceived as an obstacle in nursing and the hospital environment needs to be adapted. Further research should be carried out to shed light on the experiences of healthcare professionals so that more people can become aware of how healthcare can be adapted to benefit patients with AST.