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Academic literature on the topic 'Nurses’ Health Studies'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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Geiger-Brown, Jeanne, and Jane Lipscomb. "The Health Care Work Environment and Adverse Health and Safety Consequences for Nurses." Annual Review of Nursing Research 28, no. 1 (December 2010): 191–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0739-6686.28.191.

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Nurses' working conditions are inextricably linked to the quality of care that is provided to patients and patients' safety. These same working conditions are associated with health and safety outcomes for nurses and other health care providers. This chapter describes aspects of the nursing work environment that have been linked to hazards and adverse exposures for nurses, as well as the most common health and safety outcomes of nursing work. We include studies from 2000 to the present by nurse researchers, studies of nurses as subjects, and studies of workers under similar working conditions that could translate to nurses' work environment. We explore a number of work organization factors including shift work and extended work hours, safety climate and culture, teamwork, and communication. We also describe environmental hazards, including chemical hazards (e.g., waste anesthetics, hazardous drugs, cleaning compounds) and airborne and bloodborne pathogen exposure. Nurses' health and safety outcomes include physical (e.g., musculoskeletal disorders, gastrointestinal, slips, trips and falls, physical assault) and psychosocial outcomes (e.g., burnout, work-family conflict). Finally, we present recommendations for future research to further protect nurses and all health care workers from a range of hazardous working conditions.
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Sauer, Penny A., and Thomas P. McCoy. "Nurse Bullying: Impact on Nurses’ Health." Western Journal of Nursing Research 39, no. 12 (December 5, 2016): 1533–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945916681278.

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Workplace bullying has been experienced by 27% to 80% of nurses who have participated in studies. Bullying behaviors negatively impact the health of nurses. This study examined whether nurses’ resilience had an impact on the effects of bullying on the nurse’s health. This cross-sectional descriptive study surveyed licensed registered nurses in one state. The sample ( N = 345) was predominately female (89%) and Caucasian (84%), with an average age of 46.6 years. In this sample, 40% of nurses were bullied. Higher incidence of bullying was associated with lower physical health scores ( p = .002) and lower mental health scores ( p = .036). Nurses who are bullied at work experience lower physical and mental health, which can decrease the nurses’ quality of life and impede their ability to deliver safe, effective patient care.
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Booth, Rachel Z. "The nursing shortage: a worldwide problem." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 10, no. 3 (June 2002): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692002000300013.

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A worldwide shortage of nurses has been acknowledged by the multidisciplinary Global Advisory Group of the World Health Organization. The shortage is caused by an increased demand for nurses, while fewer people are choosing nursing as a profession and the current nurses worldwide are aging. The shortage applies to nurses in practice as well as the nurse faculty who teach students. The inter-country recruitment and migration of nurses from developing countries to developed countries exacerbates the problem. Although public opinion polls identifies the nurse as the person who makes the health care system work for them, the conditions of the work environment in which the nurse functions is unsatisfactory and must change. Numerous studies have shown the positive effects on the nurse of a healthy work environment and the positive relationships between nursing care and patient outcomes. It is important that government officials, insurance companies, and administrators and leaders of health care systems acknowledge and operationalize the value of nurses to the health care system in order to establish and maintain the integrity and viability of that system.
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Reganata, Gde Palguna, and I. Gusti Ngurah Made Yudhi Saputra. "Workload and Performance of Nurses During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Meta Analysis Study." Jurnal Varian 5, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/varian.v5i2.1657.

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The surge in Covid-19 cases has caused hospitals and health workers to experience functional collapse. The high workload in handling Covid-19 cases by nurses is happening everywhere. Many studies have been conducted to look at the effect of workload on nurse performance during a pandemic. This research was conducted to determine the effect of workload on the performance of nurses with a meta- analysis approach. This type of research is observational with a retrospective approach. This research conducted through secondary data obtained from relevant sources related to the workload of nurses and nurse performance in various journals. The population and samples were taken from studies that met the criteria. Data analysis using meta-analysis. The result showed that there is a negative correlation between workload and performance of nurses, with ρ= 0 .334 are in the reception area of the 95% (0.334±0.219) confidence interval with p-value < 0.0001. Workload has a contradictory effect on performance, where when the workload of nurses is high, nurses tend to experience a decrease in performance. This needs to be a serious concern, because nurses are at the forefront of health services. If the nurse’s performance has started to decline, then the patient’s handling becomes not optimal and can increase the risk of death for the patient.
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Mills, Anne. "Helping students to self-care and enhance their health-promotion skills." British Journal of Nursing 28, no. 13 (July 11, 2019): 864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.13.864.

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Nurses have a public health role, requiring them to promote the health of individuals and communities, and to engage at a political and policy level to improve population health. There is also a professional expectation that nurses will model healthy behaviours and take responsibility for their personal health and wellbeing. However, studies have indicated that undergraduate nurses find the academic and practice elements of their nursing programmes stressful. To manage their stress many use coping behaviours that negatively impact on their health and wellbeing and may influence their ability and willingness to effectively support health promotion in practice. It is widely recognised that environments influence health outcomes and personal health behaviours. This article addresses some of the structural causes of student nurse stress and highlights a recent educational initiative at a UK university that aims to equip student nurses with the practical skills required to engage in health promotion and thereby provide benefits for service users and student nurses alike.
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Wood, Rachel Louise. "Nurses first: so that patients can receive first rate care." Journal of Public Mental Health 17, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-01-2018-0004.

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Purpose Through the discussion of two case studies, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that nurses may drive themselves to achieve the impossible. Professional bodies and health care expert emphasise the importance of always putting the interests, health and wellbeing of patients first. Could this be at the expense of nurses’ health, thus limiting their capacity to provide quality care for their patients? Design/methodology/approach The two case studies discussed offer examples of how two nurses nearly lost their lives in their personal drive to deliver quality nursing care in adverse conditions. The paper is based upon the hypothesis that an organisation which invests in the development of a healthy workplace culture, in which staff are put first, will not only enhance the health and wellbeing of its staff, but will ultimately result in the development of a culture which will empower staff to deliver the highest quality of care. Findings These case studies not only offer an example of the risk of neglecting self-care, the risk to Ben and Lily who quickly changed roles from nurse to patient, but also the risk to the quality of health care as a consequence of not paying due attention to the health and wellbeing of nurses (Crane and Ward, 2016). This paper suggests a radical and no doubt controversial shift of focus. Treat nurses as patients, obsess about the quality of their care, to create a culture in which nurses are nurtured so that they can in turn, and they will, nurture their patients. Social implications The Royal College of Nursing, the nursing professional body and trade union for all nurses have actively campaigned for a safe and health workplace for the last three years. They support RCN Safety Representatives to work with employers to develop a safe and health working environment for Staff. An important part of this work is the Healthy You Campaign. This has resulted in a series of learning and development workshops for nurses and the development of supporting resources to empower nurses to take care of themselves (www.rcn.org.uk/healthy-workplace). Originality/value These case studies and the resulting discussions are the author’s own original work, and have not previously been submitted for publication elsewhere.
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Aguiar, Maria Isis Freire de, Hélder de Pádua Lima, Violante Augusta Batista Braga, Priscila de Souza Aquino, Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro, and Lorena Barbosa Ximenes. "Nurse competencies for health promotion in the mental health context." Acta Paulista de Enfermagem 25, spe2 (2012): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-21002012000900025.

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OBJECTIVE: To identify the competencies of nurses to health promotion in psychiatric and mental health context. METHODS: Integrative review of literature performed through search using the keywords: "mental health" and "professional competence", in the databases SciELO, LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane, in the period of 2003 to 2011. 215 studies were identified, of these, six followed the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Based on the National Panel for Psychiatric Mental Health NP Competencies, the competencies were identified on the evaluated studies: Monitoring and ensuring the quality of health care practice, management of patient health/illness status, cultural competence, managing and negotiating health care delivery systems, the nurse practitioner-patient relationship. CONCLUSION: The studies analysis evidenced the need for education and training so that nurses may develop the competencies of health promotion in diverse psychiatric care and mental health contexts, in order to broaden knowledge and skills.
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Rausch, Judith Cartledge, Joyce Hopp, and Ruth White. "Determinants of Smoking Behavior among Nurses." Journal of Drug Education 17, no. 4 (December 1987): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/0v5l-1lx9-lwxe-tmda.

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This article explores the determinants of smoking behavior among nurses and reviews the research documenting the history and current trends of cigarette use among nurses. National and international studies of cigarette use among nurses show them to smoke more than any other group of health professionals. Stress has been the primary theory of smoking causation among nurses. While some studies suggest this, there are also studies demonstrating no significant differences of stress among smoking and nonsmoking nurses. The literature offers other determinants, including socialization processes, the pharmacological action of nicotine, normative influences, the medical environment, and the feminist movement. A surprising late addition to this list is that nursing education itself may play a major role in the smoking behavior of student and graduate nurses. The failure of nursing education to emphasize health behaviors as well as the use of the medical model in nursing curriculum is suggested as an explanation for the findings that nurses are likely to perceive themselves more as the providers of care and help to the ill than as health models and educators. A summary of conclusions from studies of cigarette use among nurses is that student nurses should receive a specific learning experience which would focus on the role of health educator and exemplar in the nurse's role of preventing smoking-related illnesses. Conclusions from the literature also repeat the recommendation that educational strategies for nurses should contrast the use of cigarettes with the concept that nurses assume a role of health advocacy in promoting wellness.
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Corrêa, Vanessa de Almeida Ferreira, Sonia Acioli, and Tayane Fraga Tinoco. "The care of nurses in the Family Health Strategy: practices and theoretical foundation." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, suppl 6 (2018): 2767–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0383.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the practices of nurses working in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in a city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and the theoretical foundations that guide them. Method: Qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with twelve nurses working in eleven FHS units between August and December 2014. Data were organized by hermeneutic-dialectical analysis. Results: The nurse is inserted in the municipal FHS as care coordinator and political agent; has practices aimed at welcoming, mobilizing social groups, making technical and monitoring of users through health programs. The practices remain in the confrontation of problems and are guided by technical manuals and coordination of health programs. Final considerations: Studies are needed to recognize the nurse's therapeutic objective at the FHS and to propose theoretical foundations, specific to Nursing or Collective Health that will instrumentalize their daily practice.
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Best, Nakia C., Sonda Oppewal, and Debbie Travers. "Exploring School Nurse Interventions and Health and Education Outcomes: An Integrative Review." Journal of School Nursing 34, no. 1 (December 5, 2017): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840517745359.

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School nurses intervene with students, parents, and school staff to advance the health and academic success of students. We conducted an integrative literature review of published research to describe the types of school nurse interventions and health and education outcome measures and to examine how school nurse interventions were linked to student outcomes. Sixty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. We used the National Association of School Nurses’ Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice to categorize school nurse interventions and health and education outcome measures. The majority of interventions were categorized under the care coordination principle, most commonly, motivational interviewing and counseling. In 17 studies, school nurse interventions were linked to improved student outcomes. Most studies (80%) were descriptive. To advance school nursing science, researchers can build on this foundation with more rigorous research methods to evaluate the impact of school nurse interventions and activities on student health and education outcomes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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Polk, Pamela. "Intercultural competence for public health nurses." Scholarly Commons, 2005. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/625.

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Public health nurses are required to communicate important communicable disease and preventative health information to an increasing number of immigrants and refugees accessing the American public health system. They must also obtain information on a broad scope of topics about clients and/or their children. Little attention has been paid to the study of intercultural communication between public health nurses and their diverse clientele. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers affecting communication between public health nurses and their immigrant and refugee clients. The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity developed by Milton Bennett provided a conceptual framework for review and analysis of study results. Data were collected using semi-structured formal interviews with a network sample of 17 nurses. Analysis of the data indicated four major themes: (1) common use of a Western- European, ethnocentric communication style; (2) insufficient recognition of how the dominant culture's values, beliefs, and behaviors affect those from non-dominant cultures; (3) inadequate or irrelevant prior diversity training; and ( 4) lack of available and competent interpreters necessary for translation of information during interviews. These categories capture the essential barriers preventing effective communication with culturally diverse clients. From the perspective of the nurses, communication barriers due to cultural or language differences result in difficulty obtaining compliance with public health mandates such as childhood immunization and medication regimens, and limit understanding of preventative healthcare practices. The results of this study provide information and insight for the development of intercultural sensitivity training for public health nurses. A training program that demonstrates cultural training theory, methods, and suggested sequencing is included. An additional sample training outline follows that offers public health nurses culture specific information regarding Hmong refugees.
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Sisti, Julia Shafto. "Dietary and Reproductive Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in the Nurses' Health Studies." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:16121148.

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Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among US women. Several hormonal, anthropometric, lifestyle, and genetic factors are known to be associated with breast cancer, though these associations may differ by menopausal status and molecular subtype. Studying risk factors in relation to these subtypes can help enhance our understanding of breast cancer etiology. Here, we aim to further explore the mechanisms through which several established and suspected risk factors may influence risk of breast cancer, with an emphasis on modifiable exposures, which may have direct implications for prevention strategies, particularly for premenopausal and non-luminal breast cancers. In Chapter 1, we evaluated the cross-sectional relationship between intakes of caffeine, coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea, and comprehensive profiles of urinary estrogens and estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women. We found significant associations between coffee intake and metabolites in the 2-hydroxylation pathway, suggesting a possible mechanism through which coffee may affect breast cancer risk. In Chapter 2, we examined associations between premenopausal plasma carotenoid levels and markers of oxidative stress and subsequent breast cancer risk. In contrast to previously published analyses, which largely focused on postmenopausal carotenoid exposure, we did not find significant inverse associations between circulating carotenoids and risk; additionally we did not observe positive associations between fluorescent oxidation products and risk. However, we did find some evidence that the effects of carotenoids on risk may be modified by single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes related to carotenoid availability and oxidative/antioxidative processes. In Chapter 3, we explored whether the associations of reproductive risk factors with breast cancer vary by intrinsic molecular subtype. We observed evidence that many risk factors are most strongly associated with the hormone receptor-positive luminal A subtype, which comprises the majority of breast cancers, though tests of heterogeneity did not reach significance in many cases. Consistent with previous studies, we observed that breastfeeding may reduce risk of basal-like tumors, and may represent a potential preventive strategy for this aggressive subtype. In conclusion, these analyses, while varied in scope, help elucidate mechanisms by which risk factors may influence breast cancer risk.
Epidemiology
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Traister, Tyler. "Registered Nurses' Attitudes and Knowledge of LGBTQ Health and the Impact of an Educational Intervention." Thesis, Carlow University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10813566.

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The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people has recently become a national health priority. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) cited provider knowledge and attitudes as one of the key areas needing further research. One of the largest barriers to culturally congruent LGBTQ care is the lack of knowledge about LGBTQ people and possible negative attitudes among nurses and providers (Strong & Folse, 2015). Research and data have shown that LGBTQ people face significant health disparities stemming from years of systemic discrimination and stigmatization.

To establish a baseline understanding of the knowledge and attitude of registered nurses about LGBTQ people as well as measure the impact of a newly designed educational intervention on the nurses’ knowledge and attitudes.

Registered nurses (n = 111) were offered a one hour educational intervention at various inpatient hospitals within a major metropolitan area. Pre-and post-tests were administered to establish baseline knowledge and attitude as well as the effectiveness.

A statistically significant impact on the nurses’ knowledge of LGBT health (p < .0001) was found after the intervention. While attitudes did show some improvement from the intervention, it was not statistically significant and could be an area of further research. Qualitative responses from nurses showed an overwhelming desire to have LGBTQ education for their nursing practice.

Implications for practice include implementing LGBTQ cultural competence into initial and ongoing educational trainings for registered nurses within healthcare organizations, and improved nursing care of LGBTQ people. Future research is needed to examine the impact of the educational intervention over an extended period of time.

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Montgomery, Jacqueline. "Job evaluation : a critical analysis of the clinical grading for nurses midwives and health visitors." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484436.

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Ayodele, Michael Bamikunle. "Exploring the Acclimation of Foreign Professionals| A Grounded Theory Study of African-Born Nurses in Maricopa County." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3680131.

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The purpose of this qualitative, grounded theory study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of African-born and educated nurses (ABEN) in order to understand how the nurses influenced systems of professional practice in healthcare systems of Maricopa County of Arizona. The overarching research question for the study directly reflected the purpose statement. Four sub-questions were also used in the study. These centered on was how care experiences shaped ABEN perceptions of the healthcare delivery system, how ABEN informed and shaped their social interactions when caring for patients and residents, the barriers to providing care and to fulfilling work practices and processes that ABEN described and the components of a model to adjust or remove experienced barriers. The sample consisted of 17 registered nurses, 16 females and one male, from five African countries, who participated in individual interviews. Lee's push-pull theory formed the theoretical framework of the study. Responses from interviews and researcher field notes were coded and thematically analyzed to determine answers to research questions. Six categories emerged from conceptual data analysis: optimism, self-development, confronting barriers, discovering, assimilation drive, and adaptability. A four-stage model of acclimation was developed from these six components. Results have implications for healthcare policy changes such that ABEN become fully assimilated and accepted as contributors to healthcare delivery in Maricopa County.

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Muthike, Millicent. "The lived experiences of nurses who work in postpartum units who have breastfed| Thoughts on breastfeeding." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1569382.

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Research has demonstrated that breastfeeding decreases the mortality of infants and supports the health of mothers. In America breastfeeding rates fall below the Healthy People 2020 goals. This qualitative study explored the lived experience of registered nurses (RNs) who had breastfed their children and the support they gave to postpartum mothers.

Fourteen postpartum RNs from a California hospital volunteered for interviews regarding personal experiences with breastfeeding. The sample was multicultural with Kenyan, Middle Eastern, Hispanic, Asian, Caucasian, and Filipino women. Themes discouraging breastfeeding included pain, lack of breastfeeding support, and the need to return to work. Participants with difficult breastfeeding experiences reported empathy with postpartum mothers.

Participants were unprepared for the pain and difficulty associated with breastfeeding. Women whose cultures expected breastfeeding tolerated the pain as part of the maternal experience. Efforts should focus on reducing pain during breastfeeding and improving postpartum care by engaging those with breastfeeding experience.

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Miller, Amie Jacqueline. "Hospice Nurses- Attitudes and Knowledge about Pain Management." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4165.

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It has been well established that many people will suffer with pain at the end of life, and untreated pain contributes to reduced quality of life. Many barriers contribute to this issue including a lack of knowledge in nurses who care for dying patients. Many nurses in general practice settings do not possess adequate knowledge about basic pain management principles; and the same may be true about hospice nurses despite the assumption that hospice nurses are more adept at pain management. Contributing to this problem may be the attitudes that nurses, including hospice nurses, have regarding pain and its management. This study sought to identify the knowledge levels of hospice nurses. Because attitudes may affect the delivery of effective pain management, the study also sought to determine attitudes of hospice nurses regarding pain and its management. Thirty-five hospice nurses completed two instruments: The Pain Management Principles Assessment Test measured levels of knowledge and the Nurses Pain Management Attitude Survey determined attitudes. Data was analyzed using means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages. A correlation between knowledge level and attitude was also calculated, along with a correlation between knowledge level and certification status. The overall mean knowledge score for the nurses studied was 21.74 (72.3%), which falls below accepted standards. The mean attitude score found was 82.34, which demonstrates only slightly positive attitudes. These findings support the idea that knowledge and attitude are not synonymous and that a nurse may have a positive attitude about the management of pain, without sufficient knowledge to effectively alleviate pain. It is often said that hospice nursing is a calling, and these are the nurses who are at the forefront of pain management. This study demonstrates that slightly more positive attitudes may indicate that this group of nurses is motivated to gain a better knowledge base. This should motivate hospices and other education institutions to incorporate more specific instruction regarding pain management into their curricula. Despite some common misconceptions pain does not have to be an unavoidable part of life, and with a better knowledge base hospice nurses could more effectively deliver compassionate, expert care.
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Blue, Ian A. "The professional working relationship of rural nurses and doctors : four South Australian case studies." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb6582.pdf.

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Groves, Winnifred. "Diagnosing and prescribing by nurses in different health care settings : perceptions and experiences of key stakeholders in Cameroon." Thesis, Kingston University, 2012. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/24622/.

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Declining resources are a global phenomenon. One of the consequences has been the reorganization of health care provision in different countries. Doctor shortages and scarcity of resources particularly in developing countries like Cameroon have resulted in nurses providing frontline care to patients and taking on roles traditionally performed by doctors in developed economies, such as diagnosing and prescribing. However, little is known about the exact role of nurses, the process of providing care, how key stakeholders influence the nurse’s role and the consequences of this role of nurses on the various parties concerned in the context of Cameroon. An empirical study was conducted with (n= 42) key stakeholders; (government representatives, doctors, nursing managers, nurses and patients). Semi-structured taped-recorded interviews were carried out on a one-to-one basis to explore the perceptions of multiple key stakeholders of the role of nurses in diagnosing and prescribing. Interviews were transcribed and data analysed using framework analysis. Nurses are the first point of contact for patients in Cameroon in all health care settings and most have a far greater role in diagnosing and prescribing than their counterparts in developed economies. However their involvement was found to vary significantly depending on a number of factors, including: the organisational context, the type of facility (whether public / private or mission owned), individual nurse characteristics, doctors’ attitudes and practices, resources and experience of nursing managers, level of income and characteristics of patients. Most patients (including women) prefer to consult with doctors and in their absence, male nurses rather than female nurses. Some nurses, patients and doctors felt that a preoccupation with diagnosing and prescribing left nurses with little time for compassion and caring. In addition, the key stakeholders felt that some nurses were overstepping their professional boundaries, or had inadequate knowledge and were acting in a manner detrimental to patient care. Extended roles for nurses have the potential to enhance accessibility to care, to enhance the status and job satisfaction of nursing staff and maximise the use of scarce resources. Despite the benefits, there is growing concern that nurses do not have the advanced level of training and behaviour necessary to take on this expanded role and that some are neglecting the traditional caring side of their profession in pursuit of a more medical oriented disease-focused approach.
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Nagtalon-Ramos, Jamille Kristine. "Factors Affecting Graduate Degree Pursuit for BSN-Prepared Filipino and Filipino American Nurses Working in the United States." Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10600040.

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Although Filipino and Filipino American nurses represent an impressive share of the nursing workforce, they are not well represented in advanced practice, faculty, and executive leadership positions. Obtaining a graduate degree in nursing has the potential to open a wider range of opportunities to meet the healthcare demands of a population that is growing older, and increasingly becoming more diverse. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting graduate degree pursuit for BSN-prepared Filipino and Filipino American nurses working in the United States. This study provides an in-depth examination into intergenerational perspectives from 33 Filipino and Filipino American nurses from 14 states. Ricoeur’s hermeneutical phenomenology was utilized as an interpretive approach and the theoretical underpinnings of career construction theory served as a framework. This study revealed that the determination to provide a better life for their family and a commitment to advancing the profession were incentives to pursuing a graduate degree. In addition, having a reliable network of colleagues and peer mentors was essential to persisting in their programs. Across all generations, finances were a major barrier to educational attainment, specifically for first-generation participants who prioritized sending money back to their family in the Philippines. Other factors were related to English as a second language, communication styles, experiencing discrimination, lack of knowledge of available graduate programs, approaching the age of retirement, friction between generations, and perceived discrimination. Exposure to advanced practice registered nurses in the workforce was a disincentive for some participants and was inspiring to others. These factors were not independent of each other and their impact fluctuated over time. The decision to pursue an advanced nursing degree depended upon the individual’s determination that the return on investment of a graduate degree outweighed the sum of all their responsibilities and obligations. Findings from this research can help the Filipino community and professional nursing organizations, higher education faculty and staff, and healthcare system leaders in developing strategic plans to help Filipino and Filipino American nurses overcome barriers and to facilitate robust pathways for those who intend to advance their educational goals and professional nursing careers.

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Books on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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T, Kowalski JoAnne, and Totten Mary Anne, eds. Case studies in primary care for nurses and nurse practitioners. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1990.

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Jones, Irene Heywood. The nurse's code: A practical approach to the code of professional conduct for nurses, midwives, and health visitors. [London?]: NT, 1990.

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Cultural competencies for nurses: Impact on health and illness. 2nd ed. Burlington, Mass: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2014.

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Cultural competencies for nurses: Impact on health and illness. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2011.

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E, Grimes Deanna, ed. Nurse practitioners and certified nurse-midwives: A meta-analysis of studies on nurses in primary care roles. Washington, D.C: American Nurses Pub., 1993.

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Cramer, Jennifer. Sounding the alarm: Remote area nurses and Aboriginals at risk. Crawley, W.A: University of Western Australia Press, 2005.

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Alison, While, ed. Research in preventive community nursing care: Fifteen studies in health visiting. Chichester: Wiley, 1986.

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Parfitt, Barbara A. Working across cultures: A study of expatriate nurses working in developing countries in primary health care. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998.

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In our own right: Black Australian nurses' stories. Sydney: eContent Management, 2005.

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Employment Law for Nurses (Central Health Studies). Quay Books: a division of M.A. Healthcare Ltd, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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Haugdahl, Hege Selnes, Ingeborg Alexandersen, and Gørill Haugan. "Health Promotion Among Long-Term ICU Patients and Their Families." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 245–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_18.

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AbstractFew patients are as helpless and totally dependent on nursing as long-term intensive care (ICU) patients. How the ICU nurse relates to the patient is crucial, both concerning the patients’ mental and physical health and well-being. Even if nurses provide evidence-based care in the form of minimum sedation, early mobilization, and attempts at spontaneous breathing during weaning, the patient may not have the strength, courage, and willpower to comply. Interestingly, several elements of human connectedness have shown a positive influence on patient outcomes. Thus, a shift from technical nursing toward an increased focus on patient understanding and greater patient and family involvement in ICU treatment and care is suggested. Accordingly, a holistic view including the lived experiences of ICU care from the perspectives of patients, family members, and ICU nurses is required in ICU care as well as research.Considerable research has been devoted to long-term ICU patients’ experiences from their ICU stays. However, less attention has been paid to salutogenic resources which are essential in supporting long-term ICU patients’ inner strength and existential will to keep on living. A theory of salutogenic ICU nursing is highly welcome. Therefore, this chapter draws on empirical data from three large qualitative studies in the development of a tentative theory of salutogenic ICU nursing care. From the perspective of former long-term ICU patients, their family members, and ICU nurses, this chapter provides insights into how salutogenic ICU nursing care can support and facilitate ICU patients’ existential will to keep on living, and thus promoting their health, survival, and well-being. In a salutogenic perspective on health, the ICU patient pathway along the ease/dis-ease continuum reveals three stages; (1) The breaking point, (2) In between, and (3) Never in my mind to give up. The tentative theory of salutogenic long-term ICU nursing care includes five main concepts: (1) the long-term ICU patient pathway (along the salutogenic health continuum), (2) the patient’s inner strength and willpower, (3) salutogenic ICU nursing care (4), family care, and (5) pull and push. The salutogenic concepts of inner strength, meaning, connectedness, hope, willpower, and coping are of vital importance and form the essence of salutogenic long-term ICU nursing care.
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Castanheira, Filipa, Maria José Chambel, Alda Santos, and Filipa Rocha Rodrigues. "Healthy Healthcare in Portugal: Empirical Studies of Relational Job Characteristics and Wellbeing Among Hospital Nurses." In Integrating the Organization of Health Services, Worker Wellbeing and Quality of Care, 335–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59467-1_17.

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Singh, Arti, and Ashutosh Singh. "Unveiling the Clinical Face of COVID-19." In Health Dimensions of COVID-19 in India and Beyond, 65–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7385-6_4.

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AbstractThe clinical aspects of COVID-19 are discussed. A picture of what happens in a hospital—the ward and the intensive care unit (ICU)—is described. The impact of the disease on patients, medical professionals, and other staff, and case studies of patients who recovered as well as those who did not, are presented. The lived experience, over the ten-months period of the pandemic, of these individuals is portrayed.The lived experience of the author and that of her team is portrayed from the inception of the pandemic to date. The author traces changes made to diagnose and treat COVID-19 patients over time. Patient treatment and management regimens were refined and streamlined during this period. And the health system was re-designed to cope with the influx of huge numbers of COVID-19 patients. During this time, diagnostic tools and treatment regimens evolved. Doctors and their teams of nurses and technicians worked tirelessly day and night to cope with the onslaught. The public, however, stigmatized healthcare workers as they were overcoming with the fear of getting infected.Ten months ago, the medical profession knew very little about the virus or the disease as both were new. But with its dedication and commitment, the medical fraternity managed to cope with the rising number of patients with whatever tools it had. This period witnessed a rapid learning curve.
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Akselbo, Iben, and Ingvild Aune. "How to Use Simulation as a Learning Method in Bachelor and Postgraduate/Master Education of Nurses and Teachers in Healthcare." In How Can we Use Simulation to Improve Competencies in Nursing?, 13–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10399-5_2.

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AbstractIn this chapter, results from three different studies about simulation as a learning method are presented and discussed alongside relevant pedagogical theory and other research. These studies were conducted at a university in Norway from 2018 to 2020. The studies used a qualitative approach, and reflection notes and focus group interviews were used to collect data. The participants (81 students in total) were bachelor of nursing students 2nd year public health nursing students, and students in teacher training (healthcare). The interviews were conducted shortly after the students had performed the simulation activity. The students expressed that the simulation provided a higher degree of realism and seriousness than skill training did. They felt that the simulation was an educational method in which they experienced realistic feelings and stress in a serious situation. The students learned that in an emergency, good communication is important to make the right decision. The simulation was perceived as one of the most effective ways to prepare themselves for the profession of nursing. They experienced learning through describing the course of events during the debriefing process and obtaining feedback from other students to reveal the gaps in their knowledge.
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Meadows-Oliver, Mikki. "Health Maintenance." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner, 31–34. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch7.

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Meadows-Oliver, Mikki. "Heart Murmur." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner, 41–43. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch9.

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Greiner, Philip A. "If Only We Had National Health Insurance." In Case Studies in Gerontological Nursing for the Advanced Practice Nurse, 31–36. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785607.ch4.

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Honey, Michelle, Emma Collins, and Sally Britnell. "Identifying How to Support Nurse Educators Nationally to Teach Nursing Informatics." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210683.

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Preparing nurses for practice and ensuring nursing informatics is included in their curricula is a challenge for many nurse educators. This study asked nurse educators from around New Zealand (n=40) what they perceived as the concerns, barriers and facilitators to implementing nursing informatics within their curricula. Among the findings a key issue is the constantly evolving nature of information and communication technology in healthcare and nursing which results in the ongoing need for professional development to keep up-to-date. Outcomes from this study are recommendations which will inform our next steps in this project to support nurse educators provide the best education possible for new nurses.
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Chi, Kai-Ling, and Shwu-Fen Chiou. "Needs Assessment and System Design of an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Simulation Learning System." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210791.

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Nurses require training to manage extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate intensive care unit nurse needs and design an ECMO simulation learning system. A systemic needs analysis included interviews and a literature review. Nurses had three learning needs: pre-ECMO placement care, daily care during placement, and care for preparation of removal. The system design includes ECMO care knowledge, practice in simulations, and self-examination with a flexible learning methodology.
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Mather, Carey. "Enabling Digital Professionalism: Analysis of the Australian and United Kingdom Nursing Education Standards." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210682.

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Growth in use of digital technology for leisure and learning has created challenges for healthcare environments globally. Its rapid evolution in nursing continues to outpace the more sporadic updating of registered nurse standards, guidelines and codes of professional conduct. Revised standards in Australia and the United Kingdom establish the contemporary governance context for the educational preparation of registered nurses. A document analysis of these standards reveals an omit of guidance regarding the expected knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviour of undergraduate nurses about when and how to access and use of digital technology on campus, and during work integrated learning. Documents governing nursing do not currently foster the development of digital professionalism, an essential component of professional identity formation, which is necessary to acquire prior to graduation as a registered nurse.
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Conference papers on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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Gao, Chi, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Paige Maas, Rulla Tamimi, Heather Eliassen, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, and Peter Kraft. "Abstract A05: Validation of breast cancer risk prediction model using Nurses Health and Nurse Health II Studies." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; November 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.carisk16-a05.

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Gao, Chi, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Paige Maas, Rulla Tamimi, Heather Eliassen, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, and Peter Kraft. "Abstract PR02: Validation of breast cancer risk prediction model using Nurses Health and Nurse Health II Studies." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; November 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.carisk16-pr02.

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Papantoniou, Kyriaki, Jennifer Massa, Celine Vetter, Lani R. Wegrzyn, and Eva S. Schernhammer. "P310 Rotating night shift work and colorectal cancer risk in the nurses’ health studies." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.625.

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Fortner, Renee Turzanski, Kathryn L. Terry, Noemi Bender, Tim Waterboer, and Shelley S. Tworoger. "Abstract 4941: Sexually transmitted infections and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: Results from the Nurses' Health Studies." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4941.

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Owen, Katie, Augustilia Rodrigues, and Cath Fraser. "Exploring the Impact of Promoting Mental Health, Addiction, and Intellectual Disability Nursing as a Career to Undergraduate Nurses in Their Last Year of Study." In 2021 ITP Research Symposium. Unitec ePress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/proc.2205008.

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Specialist nursing practice in mental health, addiction and intellectual disability (MHAID) comprises a growing sector of public health demand, and yet this field is one of the least popular career pathways for student nurses (Happell et al., 2019a; Owen, 2021). International studies and personal observations by members of the research team as nurse educators suggest two key factors at play. First, student willingness to work in MHAID specialist roles is impacted by entrenched stigma and discrimination against people who experience mental distress, addictions and intellectual disabilities. Second, students have voiced their perceptions of specialist mental-health nursing as less important than general nursing. Working in MHAID is commonly seen as carrying little prestige, variety, challenge or opportunity for skill development; worse, such findings from surveys of final-year student nurses’ employment preferences have remained relatively unchanged over the last 20 years, at least (Wilkinson et al., 2016). With employers desperate for specialist MHAID staff, and education providers charged with meeting industry needs, how can nursing programmes begin to combat this bias and bring about attitudinal change? This paper describes a pilot initiative with Year 3 undergraduate student nurses in one Te Pūkenga subsidiary, which we believe shows considerable promise for a wider roll-out across the tertiary healthcare-education sector. A hui supported by Whitireia’s Community of Practice for Mental Health and Addiction within the School of Health and Social Services allowed students to interact with multiple industry stakeholders: District Health Board (DHB) partners; graduates working in the mental health and addictions sector, experts by experience; and the postgraduate New Entry to Specialist Practice in Mental Health teaching team. A subsequent survey evaluation confirmed the positive impact of the initiative regarding altering negative stereotypes of nursing roles within MHAIDs and increasing the number of students who may consider specialising in these areas, post-graduation.
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Barbhaiya, Medha, Jaime E. Hart, Susan Malspeis, Sara K. Tedeschi, Trang VoPham, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Francine Laden, and Karen H. Costenbader. "EF-04 Association of ultraviolet-B radiation and risk of SLE among women in the nurses’ health studies." In LUPUS 21ST CENTURY 2018 CONFERENCE, Abstracts of the Fourth Biannual Scientific Meeting of the North and South American and Caribbean Lupus Community, Armonk, New York, USA, September 13 – 15, 2018. Lupus Foundation of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2018-lsm.84.

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Wegrzyn, Lani R., Rulla M. Tamimi, Susan B. Brown, Richard G. Stevens, A. Heather Eliassen, Fancine Laden, Bernard A. Rosner, Walter C. Willett, Susan E. Hankinson, and Eva S. Schernhammer. "O14-3 Rotating night shift work and risk of breast cancer in the nurses’ health studies: 24 years of follow-up." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.72.

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Romanos-Nanclares, Andrea, Walter C. Willett, Bernard Rosner, Laura C. Collins, Frank B. Hu, Estefania Toledo, and A. Heather Eliassen. "Abstract 837: Healthful and unhealthful plant-based diets and risk of breast cancer in U.S. women: Results from the Nurses' Health Studies." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2021; April 10-15, 2021 and May 17-21, 2021; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-837.

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Zeleznik, Oana A., Elizabeth M. Poole, Clary Clish, Heather A. Eliassen, Peter Kraft, and Shelley S. Tworoger. "Abstract A18: Metabolomic analysis of ovarian cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Studies: Metabolite associations are more pronounced in non-serous tumors." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference: Addressing Critical Questions in Ovarian Cancer Research and Treatment; October 1-4, 2017; Pittsburgh, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.ovca17-a18.

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Rebegea, Laura, Camelia Tarlungianu, Rodica Anghel, Dorel Firescu, Nadejda Corobcean, and Laurentia Gales. "BURNOUT RISK EVALUATION IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY – RADIOTHERAPY PERSONNEL." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.5.

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Europäische Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft Home About the Journal Peer Review Editorial Board For Authors Reviewer Recognition Archiv Kontakt Impressum EWG e.V. indexing in the Clarivate Analytics indexing in the Emerging Sources Citation Index Crossref Member Badge Erfolgreich durch internationale Zusammenarbeit PUBLIC HEALTH DOI 10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.5 Received 14 December 2022; Published 6 January 2023 BURNOUT RISK EVALUATION IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY – RADIOTHERAPY PERSONNEL Laura Rebegea1,2 orcid id logo, Camelia Tarlungianu1 , Rodica Anghel3 orcid id logo , Dorel Firescu4,5, Nadejda Corobcean1,6, Laurentia Gales3 orcid id logo 1 Department of Medical Oncology - Radiotherapy, „Sf. Ap. Andrei” Emergency Clinical Hospital, Galati, Romania 2 Medical Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, „Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania 3 „Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy”, Bucharest, Romania 4 IInd Clinic of Surgery, „Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency Clinical Hospital, Galati, Romania 5 Surgical Clinical Department, „Dunarea de Jos” University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Galati, Romania 6 „Nicolae Testemitanu”State University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Chisinau, Moldova download article (pdf) laura_rebegea@yahoo.com, tarlungianucamelia@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Introduction: Even if, all studies evidenced that Burnout syndrome affects medical personnel from all medical specialties, the highest prevalence is in surgical, oncological and emergency medical specialties. Scope: Burnout syndrome evaluation in Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy personnel. Method and material: This study has involved 50 persons employee in Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy Department, from all categories: 11 superiors personal (medical doctors, physicists, psychologist), 31 nurses, and 8 auxiliary personnel (stretcher-bearer). The following questionnaires were used: professional exhaustion level questionnaire (with 25 items), questionnaire for attitude and adaptation in stressed and difficulties situations, BRIEF COPE and SES scale. Results: After professional exhaustion level questionnaire for superior personnel, emotional exhaustion prevalence, followed by reduced personal achievement and an accentuated increasing of affecting grade after first year of activity, with a pick around 10 years of activity were revealed. For nurses, share of depersonalization is relative homogenous, in moderate - low limits. The results revealed that 56% of personnel from this study have risk for burnout syndrome developing, without any prevention methods and 12% has already burnout syndrome. Conclusions: In general, this syndrome is under-evaluated and under-diagnosed, and its incidence can be diminishing by using the techniques of stress resistance, psychological counseling, cresting a friendly and tolerant professional climate.
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Reports on the topic "Nurses’ Health Studies"

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Patron, Maria Carmela, and Marilou P. Costello. The DMPA service provider: Profile, problems and prospects, August 1995. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1024.

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This report presents the results of interviews conducted with 60 trained DMPA service providers from seven of the ten local government units (LGUs) covered by Phase I of the Philippine Department of Health's DMPA Reintroduction Program. DMPA, or Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, is an injectable contraceptive commonly known as Depo-Provera. The interviews were undertaken as part of the DMPA Monitoring and Follow-up Studies sponsored by the Population Council under the Asia and Near East Operations Research and Technical Assistance (ANE OR/TA) Project. While the monitoring study and the follow-up survey focused on DMPA users and dropouts, this study centered on the service provider. The DMPA Reintroduction Program was launched by the DOH in April 1994 by the Philippine Bureau of Food and Drugs. The program aims to reintroduce DMPA into the Philippine Family Planning Program through training local-level doctors, nurses, and midwives as service providers, and providing free DMPA services in selected public health facilities.
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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Dick, Warren, Yona Chen, and Maurice Watson. Improving nutrient availability in alkaline coal combustion by-products amended with composted animal manures. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587240.bard.

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Hypothesis and Objectives: We hypothesized that coal combustion products (CCPs), including those created during scrubbing of sulfur dioxide from flue gases, can be used alone or mixed with composted animal manures as effective growth media for plants. Our specific objectives were, therefore, to (1) measure the chemical, physical and hydraulic properties of source materials and prepared mixes, (2) determine the optimum design mix of CCPs and composted animal manures for growth of plants, (3) evaluate the leachate water quality and plant uptake of selected elements from prepared mixes, (4) quantify the interaction between composted animal manures and B concentrations in the mixes, (5) study the availability of P to plants growing in the mixes, and (6) determine the microbial community and siderophores involved in the solubilization of Fe and its transfer to plants. Background: In recent years a major expansion of electricity production by coal combustion has taken place in Israel, the United States and the rest of the world. As a result, a large amount of CCPs are created that include bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum and other combustion products. In Israel 100,000 tons of fly ash (10% of total CCPs) are produced each year and in the US a total of 123 million tons of CCPs are produced each year with 71 million tons of fly ash, 18 million tons of bottom ash and 12 million tons of FGD gypsum. Many new scrubbers are being installed and will come on-line in the next 2 to 10 years and this will greatly expand the amount of FGD gypsum. One of the main substrates used in Israel for growth media is volcanic ash (scoria; tuff). The resemblance of bottom coal ash to tuff led us to the assumption that it is possible to substitute tuff with bottom ash. Similarly, bottom ash and FGD gypsum were considered excellent materials for creating growth mixes for agricultural and nursery production uses. In the experiments conducted, bottom ash was studied in Israel and bottom ash, fly ash and FGD gypsum was studied in the US. Major Achievements: In the US, mixes were tested that combine bottom ash, organic amendments (i.e. composts) and FGD gypsum and the best mixes supported growth of tomato, wheat and marigolds that were equal to or better than two commercial mixes used as a positive control. Plants grown on bottom ash in Israel also performed very well and microelements and radionuclides analyses conducted on plants grown on bottom coal ash proved it is safe to ingest the edible organs of these plants. According to these findings, approval to use bottom coal ash for growing vegetables and fruits was issued by the Israeli Ministry of Health. Implications: Bottom coal ash is a suitable substitute for volcanic ash (scoria; tuff) obtained from the Golan Heights as a growth medium in Israel. Recycling of bottom coal ash is more environmentally sustainable than mining a nonrenewable resource. The use of mixes containing CCPs was shown feasible for growing plants in the United States and is now being evaluated at a commercial nursery where red sunset maple trees are being grown in a pot-in-pot production system. In addition, because of the large amount of FGD gypsum that will become available, its use for production of agronomic crops is being expanded due to success of this study.
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Dick, Warren, Yona Chen, and Maurice Watson. Improving nutrient availability in alkaline coal combustion by-products amended with composted animal manures. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695883.bard.

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Hypothesis and Objectives: We hypothesized that coal combustion products (CCPs), including those created during scrubbing of sulfur dioxide from flue gases, can be used alone or mixed with composted animal manures as effective growth media for plants. Our specific objectives were, therefore, to (1) measure the chemical, physical and hydraulic properties of source materials and prepared mixes, (2) determine the optimum design mix of CCPs and composted animal manures for growth of plants, (3) evaluate the leachate water quality and plant uptake of selected elements from prepared mixes, (4) quantify the interaction between composted animal manures and B concentrations in the mixes, (5) study the availability of P to plants growing in the mixes, and (6) determine the microbial community and siderophores involved in the solubilization of Fe and its transfer to plants. Background: In recent years a major expansion of electricity production by coal combustion has taken place in Israel, the United States and the rest of the world. As a result, a large amount of CCPs are created that include bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum and other combustion products. In Israel 100,000 tons of fly ash (10% of total CCPs) are produced each year and in the US a total of 123 million tons of CCPs are produced each year with 71 million tons of fly ash, 18 million tons of bottom ash and 12 million tons of FGD gypsum. Many new scrubbers are being installed and will come on-line in the next 2 to 10 years and this will greatly expand the amount of FGD gypsum. One of the main substrates used in Israel for growth media is volcanic ash (scoria; tuff). The resemblance of bottom coal ash to tuff led us to the assumption that it is possible to substitute tuff with bottom ash. Similarly, bottom ash and FGD gypsum were considered excellent materials for creating growth mixes for agricultural and nursery production uses. In the experiments conducted, bottom ash was studied in Israel and bottom ash, fly ash and FGD gypsum was studied in the US. Major Achievements: In the US, mixes were tested that combine bottom ash, organic amendments (i.e. composts) and FGD gypsum and the best mixes supported growth of tomato, wheat and marigolds that were equal to or better than two commercial mixes used as a positive control. Plants grown on bottom ash in Israel also performed very well and microelements and radionuclides analyses conducted on plants grown on bottom coal ash proved it is safe to ingest the edible organs of these plants. According to these findings, approval to use bottom coal ash for growing vegetables and fruits was issued by the Israeli Ministry of Health. Implications: Bottom coal ash is a suitable substitute for volcanic ash (scoria; tuff) obtained from the Golan Heights as a growth medium in Israel. Recycling of bottom coal ash is more environmentally sustainable than mining a nonrenewable resource. The use of mixes containing CCPs was shown feasible for growing plants in the United States and is now being evaluated at a commercial nursery where red sunset maple trees are being grown in a pot-in-pot production system. In addition, because of the large amount of FGD gypsum that will become available, its use for production of agronomic crops is being expanded due to success of this study.
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5

Improving the counseling and medical care of postabortion patients in Egypt. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1026.

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This pilot study conducted in Cairo and Minya examined the effects of improving the medical care and counseling of post-abortion patients in Egypt. A pre-test/post-test, no control group study design was used to measure the effects of an intervention that upgraded physicians' clinical and interpersonal communication skills for the care of post-abortion patients, including counseling and family planning (FP). The study's surveys utilized direct interviews with staff working in the OB/GYN wards, structured observations of treatment procedures and counseling of post-abortion patients, and interviews with patients prior to discharge. Changes in the clinical management of post-abortion patients were introduced through a five-day training program in each hospital for senior staff, who then trained junior colleagues individually. Training for nurses and other paramedical personnel was also provided. Results demonstrate that the use of vacuum aspiration for treating post-abortion patients offers significant potential benefits for women, service providers, and the health care system. As this report states, the challenge now is to consolidate the experience gained from this study and develop a larger-scale introduction program in Egypt for the use of vacuum aspiration, combined with minimal pain-control medication and improved counseling.
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