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1
Medieval number symbolism: Its sources, meaning, and influence on thought and expression. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2000.
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2
Ramsdale, Emma Elizabeth. The transformation of primary mammalian cells by recombinant retroviruses encoding a number of heterologouspromoters driving SV40 T-antigen expression. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1993.
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3
Heos, Bridget. At the eleventh hour: And other expressions about money and numbers. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co., 2013.
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4
Hoffman, Barry. Gauntlet: Exploring the Limits of Free Expression/Number 3, 1992. Gauntlet Pr, 1992.
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5
Aminoff, Michael J. Anatomy of the Expression of Emotions. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190614966.003.0004.
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A discussion of medical artists, wax modeling, and medical museums in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is followed by an account of Charles Bell’s enormously successful book, Essays on the Anatomy of Expression in Painting. The foundation of the Royal Academy of Art is described; Bell’s applied unsuccessfully to be professor of anatomy there. His book reflected his creationist viewpoint and his belief in intelligent design, but nevertheless it founded the scientific study of expression. It stimulated Charles Darwin to write on the same topic many years later from an evolutionist viewpoint. In recent years, a resurgence of interest has occurred in the topic by psychologists and law officers as a means of detecting deception. Bell’s book also had a major impact on the artistic representation of expression and inspired a number of contemporary painters, especially the Pre-Raphaelites.
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Wacks, Raymond. 4. Privacy and freedom of expression. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198725947.003.0004.
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The genesis of the American law’s protection of privacy was its concern to limit or control the extent to which an individual’s private life is subjected to unauthorized publicity conducted by the media. The tabloid press in Britain has been embroiled in a number of cases involving royalty, pop stars, film stars, fashion models, and the like. The telephone hacking scandal in the United Kingdom led to the the Leveson Inquiry Report of 2012—the most comprehensive investigation into the ethics and practice of the media, with a significant section devoted to privacy and media intrusion. Its recommendations relating to media self-regulation continue to engender heated debate in Britain. The Internet raises new, intractable problems that surface almost daily. The extent to which privacy is voluntarily relinquished by users of social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube is examined, and proposals for reform are considered.
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Voorhoof, Dirk. Freedom of Expression versus Privacy and the Right to Reputation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795957.003.0009.
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The normative perspective of this chapter is how to guarantee respect for the fundamental values of freedom of expression and journalistic reporting on matters of public interest in cases where a (public) person claims protection of his or her right to reputation. First it explains why there is an increasing number and expanding potential of conflicts between the right to freedom of expression and media freedom (Article 10 ECHR), on the one hand, and the right of privacy and the right to protection of reputation (Article 8 ECHR), on the other. In addressing and analysing the European Court’s balancing approach in this domain, the characteristics and the impact of the seminal 2012 Grand Chamber judgment in Axel Springer AG v. Germany (no. 1) are identified and explained. On the basis of the analysis of the Court’s subsequent jurisprudence in defamation cases it evaluates whether this case law preserves the public watchdog-function of media, investigative journalism and NGOs reporting on matters of public interest, but tarnishing the reputation of public figures.
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Pagin, Peter. Meaning Holism. Edited by Ernest Lepore and Barry C. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552238.003.0010.
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The term ‘meaning holism’ (together with variants like ‘semantic holism’ and ‘linguistic holism’) has been used for a number of more or less closely interrelated ideas. According to one common view, meaning holism (MH) is the thesis that what a linguistic expression means depends on its relations to many or all other expressions within the same totality. Sometimes these relations are called ‘conceptual’ or ‘inferential’. A related idea is that what an expression means depends, mutually, on the meaning of the other expressions in the totality, or alternatively on some semantic property of this totality itself. The totality in question may be the language to which the expressions belong, or a theory formulation in that language.
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Introduction to Digital Logic and Boolean Algebra: A Comprehensive Guide to Binary Operations, Logic Gates, Logical Expression Analysis and Number Representations in Digital Technology. Independently Published, 2018.
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10
Huang, Minyao, and Kasia M. Jaszczolt, eds. Expressing the Self. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786658.001.0001.
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This book addresses different linguistic and philosophical aspects of referring to the self in a wide range of languages from different language families, including Amharic, English, French, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Newari (Sino-Tibetan), Polish, Tariana (Arawak), and Thai. In the domain of speaking about oneself, languages use a myriad of expressions that cut across grammatical and semantic categories, as well as a wide variety of constructions. Languages of Southeast and East Asia famously employ a great number of terms for first-person reference to signal honorification. The number and mixed properties of these terms make them debatable candidates for pronounhood, with many grammar-driven classifications opting to classify them with nouns. Some languages make use of egophors or logophors, and many exhibit an interaction between expressing the self and expressing evidentiality qua the epistemic status of information held from the ego perspective. The volume’s focus on expressing the self, however, is not directly motivated by an interest in the grammar or lexicon, but instead stems from philosophical discussions of the special status of thoughts about oneself, known as de se thoughts. It is this interdisciplinary understanding of expressing the self that underlies this volume, comprising philosophy of mind at one end of the spectrum and cross-cultural pragmatics of self-expression at the other. This unprecedented juxtaposition results in a novel method of approaching de se and de se expressions, in which research methods from linguistics and philosophy inform each other. The importance of this interdisciplinary perspective on expressing the self cannot be overemphasized. Crucially, the volume also demonstrates that linguistic research on first-person reference makes a valuable contribution to research on the self tout court, by exploring the ways in which the self is expressed, and thereby adding to the insights gained through philosophy, psychology, and cognitive science.
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Cummins, Chris. Constraints on Numerical Expressions. Oxford University Press, 2015.
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Cummins, Chris. Constraints on Numerical Expressions. Oxford University Press, 2015.
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13
Murray, Sarah E. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199681570.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 provides an introduction to evidentiality, its expression across languages, and related notions, such as modality and (not‐)at‐issue content. Evidentiality is the encoding of source of information, which is grammatically marked in many languages. While every language could have a means of indicating source of information, of expressing evidentiality, not all languages have grammatical evidentials. Crosslinguistically, evidential systems can vary along several dimensions, including number of evidential distinctions, grammatical category, and whether or not evidentials are obligatory. This chapter lays out the background assumptions of the book as well as gives an overview of the literature and issues.
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Cabredo Hofherr, Patricia, and Jenny Doetjes, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Grammatical Number. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198795858.001.0001.
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This volume offers an overview of current research on grammatical number in language. The chapters Part i of the handbook present foundational notions in the study of grammatical number covering the semantic analyses of plurality, the mass–count distinction, the relationship between number and quantity expressions and the mental representation of number and individuation. The core instance of grammatical number is marking for number distinctions in nominal expressions as in English the book/the books and the chapters in Part ii, Number in the nominal domain, explore morphological, semantic, and syntactic aspects of number marking within noun phrases. The contributions examine morphological marking of number the relationship between syntax and nominal number marking, and the interactions between numeral classifiers with semantic number and number marking. They also address cases of mismatches in form and meaning with respect to number displayed by lexical plurals and collective nouns. The final chapter reviews nominal number processing from the perspective of language pathologies. While number marking on nouns has been the focus of most research on number, number distinctions can also be found in the event domain. Part iii, Number in the event domain, presents an overview of different linguistic means of expressing plurality in the event domain, covering verbal plurality marking, pluractional modifiers of the form Noun preposition Noun, frequency adjectives and dependent indefinites. Part iv provides fifteen case studies examining different aspects of grammatical number marking in a range of typologically diverse languages.
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Amha, Azeb. Commands in Wolaitta. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803225.003.0014.
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This chapter examines expressions of commands (imperatives) in Wolaitta and the ways in which the imperative is distinguished from statements and questions. Although each sentence type is formally distinct, imperatives and questions share a number of morpho-syntactic properties. Similar to declarative and interrogative sentences, imperatives in Wolaitta involve verbal grammatical categories such as the distinction of person, number, and gender of the subject as well as negative and positive polarity. In contrast to previous studies, the present contribution establishes the function of a set of morphemes based on -árk and -érk to be the expression of plea or appeal to an addressee rather than politeness when issuing a command. Instead, politeness in commands is expressed by using plural (pro)nominal and verbal elements. The imperative in Wolaitta is a robust construction which is also used in formulaic speeches such as leave-taking as well as in blessing, curses, and advice.
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Diogo, Rui, and Sharlene E. Santana. Evolution of Facial Musculature. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0008.
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We review the origin and evolution of the facial musculature of mammals and pay special attention to the complex relationships between facial musculature, color patterns, mobility, and social group size during the evolution of humans and other primates. In addition, we discuss the modularity of the human head and the assymetrical use of facial expressions, as well as the evolvability of the muscles of facial expression, based on recent developmental and comparative studies and the use of a powerful new quantitative tool: anatomical networks analysis. We emphasizes the remarkable diversity of primate facial structures and the fact that the number of facial muscles present in our species is actually not as high when compared to many other mammals as previously thought. The use of new tools, such as anatomical network analyses, should be further explored to compare the musculoskeletal and other features of humans across stages of development and with other animal to enable a better understanding of the evolution of facial expressions.
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Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., and Elena I. Mihas, eds. Genders and Classifiers. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842019.001.0001.
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Every language has some means of categorizing objects into humans, or animates, or by their shape, form, size, and function. The most wide-spread are linguistic genders—grammatical classes of nouns based on core semantic properties such as sex (female and male), animacy, humanness, and also shape and size. Classifiers of several types also serve to categorize entities. Numeral classifiers occur with number words, possessive classifiers appear in the expressions of possession, and verbal classifiers are used on a verb, categorizing its argument. Genders and classifiers of varied types can occur together. Their meanings reflect beliefs and traditions, and in many ways mirror the ways in which speakers view the ever-changing reality. This volume elaborates on the expression, usage, history, and meanings of noun categorization devices, exploring their various facets across the languages of South America and Asia, known for the diversity of their noun categorization. The volume starts with a typological introduction outlining the types of noun categorization devices, their expression, scope, and functions, in addition to the socio-cultural aspects of their use, and their development. It is followed by revised versions of eight papers focussing on gender and classifier systems in two areas of high diversity—South America (with a focus on Amazonia) and Asia.
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Matushansky, Ora, and Tania Ionin. Cardinals: The Syntax and Semantics of Cardinal-Containing Expressions. MIT Press, 2018.
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Matushansky, Ora, Samuel Jay Keyser, and Tania Ionin. Cardinals: The Syntax and Semantics of Cardinal-Containing Expressions. MIT Press, 2018.
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20
Matushansky, Ora, and Tania Ionin. Cardinals: The Syntax and Semantics of Cardinal-Containing Expressions. MIT Press, 2018.
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21
Matushansky, Ora, and Tania Ionin. Cardinals: The Syntax and Semantics of Cardinal-Containing Expressions. MIT Press, 2018.
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22
Matushansky, Ora, Samuel Jay Keyser, and Tania Ionin. Cardinals: The Syntax and Semantics of Cardinal-Containing Expressions. MIT Press, 2018.
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23
White, Miles. Affective Gestures. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036620.003.0004.
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This chapter looks at the ways in which the body, aesthetic features of hip-hop music, and the material culture that surrounds it are deployed to construct affect and help delineate between what is meant by hard and hardcore, both as music and as masculine performance. In hip-hop culture, uniqueness and the expression of individual identity are prioritized through behavior, modes of dress, language, and other ways. Those who adopt these styles of behavior in mannerism, dress, speech, or attitude become part of a community of practice that is able to persist because the expressive codes associated with the culture have the power to invoke it through any number of performative texts. The chapter also traces the historical evolution of hip-hop culture from a largely benign music to something more malevolent.
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Publishing, Saddleback Educational. Algebra 2, Unit 5: Radical Expressions and Complex Numbers. Saddleback Educational Publishing, 2011.
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25
Labelle, Marie, and Paul Hirschbühler. Leftward Stylistic Displacement (LSD) in Medieval French. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.003.0010.
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It is argued that, contrary to recent analyses, there was no stylistic fronting of the Icelandic type in Medieval French but a number of leftward stylistic displacements (LSD). The arguments against a stylistic fronting analysis include the absence of intervention effects and the absence of an empty subject condition. It is also argued that the LSD expression may have a diversity of informational roles and that the variety of constructions observed may be accounted for by a combination of (remnant) VP movement and short scrambling. Finally, three distinct constructions are identified: a V2 construction, an LSDLeft construction, with the LSD expression to the left of the subject, and an LSDRight construction, with the LSD expression to the right of the subject. LSDRight is the unmarked construction, and it includes the case where the subject position is unfilled.
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Divan, Aysha, and Janice A. Royds. 3. RNA. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198723882.003.0003.
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The first RNA molecules to be discovered were those involved in protein synthesis, mRNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). In recent years, a vast number of additional RNA molecules have been identified. ‘RNA’ explains that these are non-coding RNAs that are not involved in protein synthesis, but influence many normal cellular and disease processes by regulating gene expression. RNA interference (RNAi) as one of the main ways in which gene expression is regulated is described with applications to therapy. Classes of RNA, including long non-coding RNAs and catalytic RNAs, are explained along with RNA techniques used to study RNA molecule and gene function.
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Fine, Kit. Vagueness. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197514955.001.0001.
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The book is about the problem of vagueness. It begins by discussing some of the existing views on vagueness and then explains why they have not been thought to be satisfactory. It then outlines a new account of vagueness, based on the general idea that vagueness is a global rather than a local phenomenon. In other words, the vagueness of an expression or object is not an intrinsic feature of the object or an expression but a matter of how it relates to other objects and expression. The development of this idea leads to a new semantics and logic for vagueness. The semantics and logic are then applied to a number of issues, including the sorites paradox, the transparency or luminosity of mental states, and personal identity. It is shown that the view allows one to hew to a much more intuitive position on these various issues.
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Wiffen, Philip, Marc Mitchell, Melanie Snelling, and Nicola Stoner. Pharmaceutical calculations. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199603640.003.0012.
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Concentrations 236Moles and millimoles 238Practical issues involving pharmaceutical calculations 240Pharmaceutical calculations involving drug administration 242Pharmaceutical preparations consist of a number of different ingredients in a vehicle. The ingredients can be solid, liquid, or gas.‘Concentration’ is an expression of the ratio of the amount of an ingredient to the amount of product. Concentrations can be expressed in several ways. ...
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Burcea, Ioana. XToPSS-efficient XML filtering against large numbers of XPath expressions. 2004.
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Daniel, Joyce. Part III Rights to Culture, Ch.12 Media: Article 16. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199673223.003.0013.
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This chapter assesses Article 16's protection of the right to indigenous media, and to the participation of indigenous peoples in mainstream media. This dimension of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) is significant for a number of reasons, but principally because it breaks new ground in conceptualizing ‘media rights’ not so much in terms of the traditional approach to freedom of expression or even media freedom, but rather in terms of the ability of rights holders to participate in mainstream media, and also to create and participate in indigenous media. Thus, questions of access, institutional frameworks, development concerns, and equity — which hover in the background of freedom of expression provisions — are brought front and centre.
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Ramírez, Dixa. Colonial Phantoms. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479850457.001.0001.
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Colonial Phantoms argues that Dominican cultural expression from the late nineteenth century to the present day reveals the ghosted singularities of Dominican history and demographic composition. For centuries, the territory hosted a majority mixed-race free population whose negotiations with colonial power were deeply ambivalent. Disquieted by the predominating black freedom, Western discourses ghosted—mis-categorized or erased—the Dominican Republic from the most important global conversations and decisions of the 19th century. What kind of national culture do you create when leaders of the world powers, on whose recognition you depend, rarely remember your nation’s name? Dominicans, both island and diasporic, have expressed their dissatisfaction with dominant descriptors and interpellations through literature, music, and speech acts. These expressions run the gamut from ultra-conservative, anti-Haitian nationalist literature to present-day Afro-Latinx activism. Dominant fields of knowledge constructed to account for various modes of being in the Americas have not been able to discern, and, in some cases, have helped to obscure, the kinds of free black subjectivity that emerged in the Dominican Republic. Analyzing literature, government documents, music, the visual arts, public monuments, film, and ephemeral and stage performance, this book intervenes at the level of knowledge production and analysis by disrupting some of the fields. In so doing, it establishes a framework for placing Dominican expressive culture and historical formations at the forefront of a number of scholarly investigations of colonial modernity in the Americas, the African diaspora, geographic displacement (e.g., migration and exile), and international divisions of labor.
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Heos, Bridget. At the Eleventh Hour: And Other Expressions about Money and Numbers. Lerner Publishing Group, 2012.
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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. The Neutral Divergence of Quantitative Traits. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0012.
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The joint action of genetic drift and mutation results in the divergence of trait means over time. This chapter examines the expected amount of divergence, which forms the basis for a number of tests on whether an observed pattern is either too large relative to drift (suggesting directional selection) or two small (suggesting stabilizing selection). It then applies these results to examine tests for selection over a very diverse range of data sets, ranging from a stratophenetic series of fossils to divergence in gene expression over time. It also examines a number of trait-augmented marked-based tests (such as using the QTLs or GWAS hits for a trait) for departures from neutrality.
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Prout, Jeremy, Tanya Jones, and Daniel Martin. Statistical basis of clinical trials. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609956.003.0009.
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This chapter summarizes some aspects of study design and statistical analysis to allow the anaesthetist to appraise research. Types of observational study are described and aspects of interventional studies such as sample size calculation and power are explained. Research governance, phases of drug trials and levels of evidence are described. A section on statistical analysis includes expression of proportion for binary data (odds ratio, number needed to treat) and use of probability and confidence intervals to measure statistical significance.
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Garrett, Don. Representation and Consciousness in Spinoza’s Naturalistic Theory of the Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195307771.003.0018.
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Margaret Wilson argued that Spinoza’s theory of mind cannot “recognize and take account of” such specific phenomena of human mentality as ignorance of many internal bodily states, representation of the external world, consciousness, and the expression of mentality in behavior. By resolving a set of puzzles about the scope, representational content, consciousness, and bodily expression of imagination more generally, this chapter defends Spinoza’s panpsychistic theory of mind against these objections. The key lies in understanding his theory of the imagination itself; his doctrines concerning a number of closely related topics such as inherence, intellect, confusion, conatus, perfection, and “power of thinking”; and what may be called his “incremental naturalism” that is, his guiding conviction that intentionality, desire, belief, understanding, and consciousness are already present in their most rudimentary forms throughout nature. The chapter argues that Spinoza identifies consciousness (conscientia), in its various degrees, with power of thinking (cogitandi potentia).
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Chacón, Gloria Elizabeth. Indigenous Cosmolectics. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636795.001.0001.
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Latin America's Indigenous writers have long labored under the limits of colonialism, but in the late twentieth and twenty-first centuries, they have constructed a literary corpus that moves them beyond those parameters. Gloria E. Chacón considers the growing number of contemporary Indigenous writers who turn to Maya and Zapotec languages alongside Spanish translations of their work to challenge the tyranny of monolingualism and cultural homogeneity. Chacón argues that these Maya and Zapotec authors reconstruct an Indigenous literary tradition rooted in an Indigenous cosmolectics, a philosophy originally grounded in pre-Columbian sacred conceptions of the cosmos, time, and place, and now expressed in creative writings. More specifically, she attends to Maya and Zapotec literary and cultural forms by theorizing kab'awil as an Indigenous philosophy. Tackling the political and literary implications of this work, Chacón argues that Indigenous writers' use of familiar genres alongside Indigenous language, use of oral traditions, and new representations of selfhood and nation all create space for expressions of cultural and political autonomy. Chacón recognizes that Indigenous writers draw from universal literary strategies but nevertheless argues that this literature is a vital center for reflecting on Indigenous ways of knowing and is a key artistic expression of decolonization.
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Gutjahr, Paul C., ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in America. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258849.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in America is designed to address a noticeable void in resources focused on analyzing the Bible in America in specific historical moments and in relationship to specific institutions and cultural expressions. Paying attention to the Bible from its earliest appearance in seventeenth-century New England up through its presence and usage in twenty-first century America, this handbook takes seriously the fact that the Bible is both a physical object that has exercised considerable totemic power, as well as a text with a powerful intellectual design that has inspired a wide range of cultural rituals, social policies, and artistic expression. This Handbook brings together a number of established scholars, as well as younger scholars on the rise, to provide insightful overviews and rich bibliographic resources to those interested in the Bible’s role in the history of American cultural formation. Topics addressed in the Handbook include—but are not limited to—the Bible’s production, translation, distribution, and interpretation in the United States, the Bible’s usage and relationship to a host of American religious traditions and social movements, as well the Bible’s linkage to such things as American cinema, literature, art, music, amusement parks, environmentalism, theories of gender and race, education, and politics.
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Smith, Alex. Ritual Deposition. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.035.
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The nature of sacred space and forms of ritual expression varied tremendously across Roman Britain, and our understanding of some aspects has increased significantly in recent years, both because there have been a number of new excavations and/or publications and also because a more contextual view has been taken of the evidence. This chapter provides an overview of the practice of Romano-British ritual deposition, both within and outside of explicitly religious contexts. In particular, the chapter examines ‘special deposits’ within settlement contexts, exploring the detailed contextual analysis of object and place in order to understand the motivations behind such acts.
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Waltham-Smith, Naomi. Haydn’s Revolution. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662004.003.0002.
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This chapter rigorously revises the music-theoretical conception of convention from the standpoint of Derridean deconstruction. The mediation of personal expression and generic convention is shown to be a dialectic of the proper and the improper. Analyses of a number of Haydn’s quartets illustrate that the modes of listening they produce always entail a certain exappropriation. This reading suggests one way in which Haydn is an “event,” as Badiou has claimed: the music reveals listening’s intimate relation to belonging. It does so by manipulating the relation between musical material and its use and by exposing the (im)potentiality of material before any appropriation.
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Beiner, Guy. Restored Forgetting. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198749356.003.0007.
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Social forgetting is reinforced by prohibitions on memories that do not correspond to the official ethos. Following Partition, the unionist state in Northern Ireland effectively proscribed commemoration of the United Irishmen. Nonetheless, interest in 1798 found expression in various cultural productions that broke the silence on this taboo. Local folk history traditions persisted into the twentieth century. However, during the violent years of the Troubles, open remembrance was once again subject to decommemorating and forms of censorship. Silencing was undermined by a number of nonconformist writers, who unflinchingly engaged with the ambiguous legacy of the United Irish rebellion.
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Chan, Leonard Kwok-Kou. Sense of Place and Urban Images. Edited by Carlos Rojas and Andrea Bachner. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199383313.013.20.
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Through a close reading of works by a number of different Hong Kong poets, this chapter analyzes how the poets construct an identity for themselves and their place by finding expression for their urban experience. The analysis focuses on North Point and Nathan Road—two of the busiest districts in Hong Kong—and their position within the poetic imagination. Paying particular attention to poetry’s sociohistorical function as a construction site of cultural memory, the discussion looks into the feeling of topophilia towards the places, as well as the sociocultural critique of the poems, which gives rise to an antithetical feeling of topophobia.
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Emerich, Monica M. Toward an Integrative Spirituality of Sustainability. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036422.003.0009.
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This chapter proposes that LOHAS represents a “spirituality of sustainability,” an integrative and pragmatic ethical system that seeks to help participants overcome the dissonance of modern life that has failed, in many ways, to deliver the promised goods of happiness and security. LOHAS juggles an enormous variety and number of concerns facing people around the world. While the focus is on the expression of LOHAS in the United States, LOHAS is a global phenomenon and that there is little doubt that LOHAS will express differently in different societies and cultures. For now, those necessary investigations must wait for other minds.
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Whitesell, Lloyd. Wonderful Design. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843816.001.0001.
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Glamour is an elusive aspect of cinematic style. This book critically examines previous scholarship on glamour; defines the concept as a compound of artifice, allure, and magic; and examines the phenomenon at work in the genre of the film musical. The focus is on the role of music in representing glamour, and the stylistic and semiotic conventions by which glamour is embodied in sound. The book develops an analytical framework that applies across media, the better to appreciate music’s collaborative role within multimedia spectacle. First, glamour is situated as one of a handful of “style modes” orienting stylistic treatment in musical numbers. Second, glamour is shown to blend four distinct aesthetic parameters: sensuousness, restraint, elevation, and sophistication. Instead of being interpreted in relation to film narrative, the musical number is treated as a semiautonomous locus of meaning and expression, with its own formal demands and the power to eclipse narrative logic. Dozens of musical numbers are analyzed, drawn from more than eighty films, exploring glamour from the perspectives of arranging and orchestrational technique, the fantasies awoken in the spectator, and the invocation of magical belief. Anticonsumerist critiques of glamour are evaluated alongside counterarguments upholding glamour’s transformative and sustaining potential. Concluding discussion shows how the musical genre has affinities with the hybrid aesthetic of “magical realism.”
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Eden, Kathy. Montaigne on Style. Edited by Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.45.
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This article explores Montaigne’s assumptions, expectations, and judgments regarding style, especially as they demonstrate an Erasmian pedigree. This pedigree is predicated on a broad definition of style that takes into account word choice, phrasing, rhythm, and figures as elements of elocution (the third branch of rhetoric) and extends itself to disposition (the second branch, which attends to the arrangement of the parts of the discourse). It also includes a number of key metaphors for style that Montaigne applies in unique combinations; and it features the stylistic virtues of variety and self-expression, according to which Montaigne takes the measure of his most and least favorite ancient stylists as well as himself.
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Child, Brenda J. Politically Purposeful Work. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037153.003.0016.
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This chapter takes as its starting point an oral history project with a number of inspirational Minnesota Ojibwe women who lived and worked in Minneapolis, among them Gertrude Howard Buckanaga, Pat Bellanger, Rose Robinson, and Vikki Howard, who shared stories about their own mentors in the Indian community. It shows how for these activists personal networks with other Indian people were essential to city survival, and their efforts were an expression of indigenous values, and cultural capital, that resulted in the emergence of distinctive urban Indian communities. Women's networks and their invention of unique community formations generated unanticipated opportunities leading to professionalization and higher education not only for themselves.
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Constantakopoulou, Christy. The Politics of Connectivity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787273.003.0002.
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This chapter examines the history of the Islanders’ League (koinon ton nesioton), a federal organization centred on Delos, from the late fourth until the middle of the third century. It discusses the evidence of structure, key officials, and membership. The main source of evidence for the history of the League is a number of key decrees that the League produced and published on Delos, including the Nicouria decree. The chapter proposes that the Islanders’ League is the expression of a strong regional island identity, and emphasizes the islanders’ own agency in the processes of negotiation of power in the heavily contested space of the third-century Aegean.
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Castellani, Claudia, and Marianne Wootton. Crustacea: Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199233267.003.0021.
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This chapter provides an introduction to the Crustacea, one of the most abundant and diverse components of the plankton. Within a single net-haul, the vast diversity within this group, coupled with the large number of species and the morphological similarity both between species and between developmental stages, can often pose a significant identification challenge even to experienced taxonomists. Although all Crustacea originally share a common body plan, their morphology can differ quite markedly due to different degrees of expression of body segmentation patterns and as a result of the loss or morphological modifications of paired appendages. There is also considerable variation between groups in the structure and function of the appendages on different body regions.
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Epstein, William M. The Food Stamp Program. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190467067.003.0009.
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Chapter 8 describes and evaluates the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP (food stamps). It demonstrates its serious shortcomings and interprets the program as an expression of mass values. The food stamp program in the United States remains as it always was: convoluted, inadequate, and frequently unfair, even after more than half a century of priority concern from a number of presidents, as well as congressional attention recorded in thousands of pages of panels, investigations, hearings, and reports. For all its wealth, it is not clear that the United States has ensured access for its citizens to “a nutritionally adequate low-cost diet.” Yet its design embodies the assumptions of policy romanticism unreasonably insisting on self-reliance.
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Rossignol, Marie-Jeanne. The Quaker Antislavery Commitment and How It Revolutionized French Antislavery through the Crèvecoeur–Brissot Friendship, 1782–1789. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038266.003.0013.
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This chapter examines the friendship between J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur and French abolitionist Jacques-Pierre Brissot. Crèvecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer was long seen as the first expression of American literary consciousness. The book proved to be a best seller when it came out in England in 1782. London was then one of the major places where the French “literary underground” could publish magazines and books free of government censorship. A number of French journalists thus resided in London and contributed to various publications. One of them was Jacques-Pierre Brissot de Warville. Reading Letters formed a turning point in his career as an activist, prompting him to seek an acquaintance with Crèvecoeur.
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Ringe, Don. Proto-Indo-European. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792581.003.0002.
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This chapter is a grammatical sketch of Proto-Indo-European. It describes the phonology of the language, including the system of surface contrasts; peculiarities of subsystems and individual segments; syllabification of sonorants; ablaut; rules affecting obstruents (including laryngeals); the accent system; and Auslautgesetze. The inflectional morphology is described, including the system of inflectional categories and their formal expression; the complex inflection of the verb (organized around aspect stems and inflected also for mood, voice, the person and number of the subject, and—marginally—tense); and the inflection of the various classes of nominals, with emphasis on the accent and ablaut paradigms of nouns. Short sections on derivational morphology, syntax, and the lexicon are included.