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Verbeek, Benjamin. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Hyperon Parameters in Python : Facilitating Novel Studies of Fundamental Symmetries with Modern Software Tools." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för materialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446041.
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In this project, an algorithm has been implemented in Python to estimate the parameters describing the production and decay of a spin 1/2 baryon - antibaryon pair. This decay can give clues about a fundamental asymmetry between matter and antimatter. A model-independent formalism developed by the Uppsala hadron physics group and previously implemented in C++, has been shown to be a promising tool in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The program developed in this work provides a more user-friendly alternative, and is intended to motivate further use of the formalism through a more maintainable, customizable and readable implementation. The hope is that this will expedite future research in the area of charge parity (CP)-violation and eventually lead to answers to questions such as why the universe consists of matter. A Monte-Carlo integrator is used for normalization and a Python library for function minimization. The program returns an estimation of the physics parameters including error estimation. Tests of statistical properties of the estimator, such as consistency and bias, have been performed. To speed up the implementation, the Just-In-Time compiler Numba has been employed which resulted in a speed increase of a factor 400 compared to plain Python code.
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Hojný, Ondřej. "Evoluční návrh kombinačních obvodů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442801.
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This diploma thesis deals with the use of Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) for combinational circuits design. The work addresses the issue of optimizaion of selected logic circuts, arithmetic adders and multipliers, using Cartesian Genetic Programming. The implementation of the CPG is performed in the Python programming language with the aid of NumPy, Numba and Pandas libraries. The method was tested on selected examples and the results were discussed.
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Rottenburg, Richard. "Die Lemwareng-Nuba : Ein Beispeil kultureller Akkreszenz im heutigen Nil-Sudan : Zusammenfassung /." Berlin : Arabische Buch, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37026226f.
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Résumé de: Diss.--Fachbereich Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften 2--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1987. Titre de soutenance : Ritual und Wildnis : zur Inkorporation der modernen Aussenwelt in den Kosmos der Lemwareng in Südkordofan Sudan.Bibliogr. p. 43-44.
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Lepers, Baptiste. "Improving performance on NUMA systems." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM005/document.
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Les machines multicœurs actuelles utilisent une architecture à Accès Mémoire Non-Uniforme (Non-Uniform Memory Access - NUMA). Dans ces machines, les cœurs sont regroupés en nœuds. Chaque nœud possède son propre contrôleur mémoire et est relié aux autres nœuds via des liens d'interconnexion. Utiliser ces architectures à leur pleine capacité est difficile : il faut notamment veiller à éviter les accès distants (i.e., les accès d'un nœud vers un autre nœud) et la congestion sur les bus mémoire et les liens d'interconnexion. L'optimisation de performance sur une machine NUMA peut se faire de deux manières : en implantant des optimisations ad-hoc au sein des applications ou de manière automatique en utilisant des heuristiques. Cependant, les outils existants fournissent trop peu d'informations pour pouvoir implanter efficacement des optimisations et les heuristiques existantes ne permettent pas d'éviter les problèmes de congestion. Cette thèse résout ces deux problèmes. Dans un premier temps nous présentons MemProf, le premier outil d'analyse permettant d'implanter efficacement des optimisations NUMA au sein d'applications. Pour ce faire, MemProf construit des flots d'interactions entre threads et objets. Nous évaluons MemProf sur 3 machines NUMA et montrons que les optimisations trouvées grâce à MemProf permettent d'obtenir des gains de performance significatifs (jusqu'à 2.6x) et sont très simples à implanter (moins de 10 lignes de code). Dans un second temps, nous présentons Carrefour, un algorithme de gestion de la mémoire pour machines NUMA. Contrairement aux heuristiques existantes, Carrefour se concentre sur la réduction de la congestion sur les machines NUMA. Carrefour permet d'obtenir des gains de performance significatifs (jusqu'à 3.3x) et est toujours plus performant que les heuristiques existantesModern multicore systems are based on a Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) design. In a NUMA system, cores are grouped in a set of nodes. Each node has a memory controller and is interconnected with other nodes using high speed interconnect links. Efficiently exploiting such architectures is notoriously complex for programmers. Two key objectives on NUMA multicore machines are to limit as much as possible the number of remote memory accesses (i.e., accesses from a node to another node) and to avoid contention on memory controllers and interconnect links. These objectives can be achieved by implementing application-level optimizations or by implementing application-agnostic heuristics. However, in many cases, existing profilers do not provide enough information to help programmers implement application-level optimizations and existing application-agnostic heuristics fail to address contention issues. The contributions of this thesis are twofold. First we present MemProf, a profiler that allows programmers to choose and implement efficient application-level optimizations for NUMA systems. MemProf builds temporal flows of interactions between threads and objects, which help programmers understand why and which memory objects are accessed remotely. We evaluate MemProf on Linux on three different machines. We show how MemProf helps us choose and implement efficient optimizations, unlike existing profilers. These optimizations provide significant performance gains (up to 2.6x), while requiring very lightweight modifications (10 lines of code or less). Then we present Carrefour, an application-agnostic memory management algorithm. Contrarily to existing heuristics, Carrefour focuses on traffic contention on memory controllers and interconnect links. Carrefour provides significant performance gains (up to 3.3x) and always performs better than existing heuristics
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Voron, Gauthier. "Virtualisation efficace d'architectures NUMA." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS026/document.
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Alors que le surcoût de la virtualisation reste marginal sur des machines peu puissantes, la situation change radicalement quand le nombre de cœur disponible augmente. Il existe aujourd’hui des machines de plusieurs dizaines de cœurs dans les data centers dédiés au cloud computing, un modèle de gestion de ressources qui utilise largement la virtualisation. Ces machines reposent sur une architecture Non Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) pour laquelle le placement des tâches sur les cœurs ainsi que celui des données en mémoire est déterminant pour les performances.Cette thèse montre d’une part comment la virtualisation affecte le comportement des applications en les empêchant notamment d’utiliser un placement efficace de leurs données en mémoire. Cette étude montre que les erreurs de placement ainsi provoquées engendrent une dégradation des performances allant jusqu’à 700%. D’autre part, cette thèse propose une méthode qui permet la virtualisation efficace d’architectures NUMA par la mise en œuvre dans l’hyperviseur Xen de politiques génériques de placement mémoire. Une évaluation sur un ensemble de 29 applications exécutées sur une machine NUMA de 48 cœurs montre que ces politiques multiplient les performances de 9 de ces applications par 2 ou plus et diminuent le surcoût de la virtualisation à moins de 50% pour 23 d’entre ellesWhile virtualization only introduces a negligible overhead on machines with few cores, this is not the case when the number of cores increases. We can find such computers with tens of cores in todays data centers dedicated to the cloud computing, a resource management model which relies on virtualization. These large multicore machines have a complex architecture, called Non Uniform Memory Access (NUMA). Achieving high performance on a NUMA architecture requires to wisely place application threads on the appropriate cores and application data in the appropriate memory bank.In this thesis, we show how virtualization techniques modify the applications behavior by preventing them to efficiently place their data in memory. We show that the data misplacement leads to a serious performance degradation, up to 700%.Additionally, we suggest a method which allows the Xen hypervisor to efficiently virtualize NUMA architectures by implementing a set of generic memory placement policies. With an evaluation over a set of 29 applications on a 48-cores machine, we show that the NUMA policies can multiply the performance of 9 applications by more than 2 and decrease the virtualization overhead below 50% for 23 of them
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Khamis, Cornelia. "Mehrsprachigkeit bei den Nubi : das Sprachverhalten viersprachig aufwachsender Vorschul- und Schulkinder in Bombo/Uganda /." Hamburg : Lit, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39937996t.
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Braithwaite, Ryan Karl. "NUMA Data-Access Bandwidth Characterization and Modeling." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31151.
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Clusters of seemingly homogeneous compute nodes are increasingly heterogeneous within each node due to replication and distribution of node-level subsystems. This intra-node heterogeneity can adversely affect program execution performance by inflicting additional data-access performance penalties when accessing non-local data. In many modern NUMA architectures, both memory and I/O controllers are distributed within a node and CPU cores are logically divided into “local” and “remote” data-accesses within the system. In this thesis a method for analyzing main memory and PCIe data-access characteristics of modern AMD and Intel NUMA architectures is presented. Also presented here is the synthesis of data-access performance models designed to quantify the effects of these architectural characteristics on data-access bandwidth. Such performance models provide an analytical tool for determining the performance impact of remote data-accesses for a program or access pattern running in a given system. Data-access performance models also provide a means for comparing the data-access bandwidth and attributes of NUMA architectures, for improving application performance when running on these architectures, and for improving process/thread mapping onto CPU cores in these architectures. Preliminary examples of how programs respond to these data-access bandwidth characteristics are also presented as motivation for future work.Master of Science
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Kissinger, Thomas. "Energy-Aware Data Management on NUMA Architectures." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-223436.
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The ever-increasing need for more computing and data processing power demands for a continuous and rapid growth of power-hungry data center capacities all over the world. As a first study in 2008 revealed, energy consumption of such data centers is becoming a critical problem, since their power consumption is about to double every 5 years. However, a recently (2016) released follow-up study points out that this threatening trend was dramatically throttled within the past years, due to the increased energy efficiency actions taken by data center operators. Furthermore, the authors of the study emphasize that making and keeping data centers energy-efficient is a continuous task, because more and more computing power is demanded from the same or an even lower energy budget, and that this threatening energy consumption trend will resume as soon as energy efficiency research efforts and its market adoption are reduced. An important class of applications running in data centers are data management systems, which are a fundamental component of nearly every application stack. While those systems were traditionally designed as disk-based databases that are optimized for keeping disk accesses as low a possible, modern state-of-the-art database systems are main memory-centric and store the entire data pool in the main memory, which replaces the disk as main bottleneck. To scale up such in-memory database systems, non-uniform memory access (NUMA) hardware architectures are employed that face a decreased bandwidth and an increased latency when accessing remote memory compared to the local memory.
In this thesis, we investigate energy awareness aspects of large scale-up NUMA systems in the context of in-memory data management systems. To do so, we pick up the idea of a fine-grained data-oriented architecture and improve the concept in a way that it keeps pace with increased absolute performance numbers of a pure in-memory DBMS and scales up on NUMA systems in the large scale. To achieve this goal, we design and build ERIS, the first scale-up in-memory data management system that is designed from scratch to implement a data-oriented architecture. With the help of the ERIS platform, we explore our novel core concept for energy awareness, which is Energy Awareness by Adaptivity. The concept describes that software and especially database systems have to quickly respond to environmental changes (i.e., workload changes) by adapting themselves to enter a state of low energy consumption. We present the hierarchically organized Energy-Control Loop (ECL), which is a reactive control loop and provides two concrete implementations of our Energy Awareness by Adaptivity concept, namely the hardware-centric Resource Adaptivity and the software-centric Storage Adaptivity. Finally, we will give an exhaustive evaluation regarding the scalability of ERIS as well as our adaptivity facilities.
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Lenis, Josefina. "Execution strategies for memory-bound applications on NUMA systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666763.
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En los últimos años, muchas herramientas de alineadores de secuencias han aparecido y se han hecho populares por la rápida evolución de las tecnologías de secuenciación de próxima generación (NGS). Obviamente, los investigadores que usan tales herramientas están interesados en obtener el máximo rendimiento cuando los ejecutan en infraestructuras modernas. Las arquitecturas NUMA (acceso no uniforme a memoria) de hoy en día presentan grandes desafíos para lograr que dichas aplicaciones logren una buena escalabilidad a medida que se utilizan más procesadores/núcleos. El sistema de memoria en los sistemas NUMA muestra una alta complejidad y puede ser la causa principal de la pérdida del rendimiento de una aplicación. La existencia de varios bancos de memoria en sistemas NUMA implica un aumento lógico en la latencia asociada con los accesos de un procesador dado a un banco remoto. Este fenómeno generalmente se atenúa mediante la aplicación de estrategias que tienden a aumentar la localidad de los accesos a la memoria. Sin embargo, los sistemas NUMA también pueden sufrir problemas de contención que pueden ocurrir cuando los accesos concurrentes se concentran en un número reducido de bancos. Las herramientas de alineadores de secuencia usan estructuras de datos grandes para contener genomas de referencia a los que se alinean todas las lecturas. Por lo tanto, estas herramientas son muy sensibles a los problemas de rendimiento relacionados con el sistema de memoria. El objetivo principal de este estudio es explorar las ventajas y desventajas entre la ubicación de datos y la dispersión de datos en los sistemas NUMA. Hemos introducido una serie de pasos metódicos para caracterizar las arquitecturas NUMA y ayudar a comprender el potencial de los recursos. Con esta información, diseñamos y experimentamos con varias herramientas de alineación de secuencias populares, en dos sistemas NUMA ampliamente disponibles para evaluar el rendimiento de diferentes políticas de asignación de memoria y estrategias de replicación y partición de datos. Encontramos que no hay un método que sea el mejor en todos los casos. Sin embargo, concluimos que aplicar “interleave” a la memoria es la política de asignación de memoria que proporciona el mejor rendimiento cuando se utiliza una gran cantidad de procesadores y bancos de memoria. En el caso de la partición y replicación de datos, los mejores resultados se obtienen generalmente cuando el número de particiones utilizadas es mayor, a veces combinado con una política de “interleave”.Over the last several years, many sequence alignment tools have appeared and become popular thanks to the fast evolution of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. Researchers that use such tools are interested in getting maximum performance when they execute them in modern infrastructures. Today’s NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) architectures present significant challenges in getting such applications to achieve good scalability as more processors/cores are used. The memory system in NUMA systems shows a high complexity and may be the primary cause for the loss of an application’s performance. The existence of several memory banks in NUMA systems implies a logical increase in latency associated with the accesses of a given processor to a remote bank. This phenomenon is usually attenuated by the application of strategies that tend to increase the locality of memory accesses. However, NUMA systems may also suffer from contention problems that can occur when concurrent accesses are concentrated on a reduced number of banks. Sequence alignment tools use large data structures to contain reference genomes to which all reads are aligned. Therefore, these tools are very sensitive to performance problems related to the memory system. The main goal of this study is to explore the trade-offs between data locality and data dispersion in NUMA systems. We introduced a series of methodical steps to characterize NUMA architectures and to help understand the potential of the resources. With this information we designed and experimented with several popular sequence alignment tools on two widely available NUMA systems to assess the performance of different memory allocation policies and data partitioning and replication strategies. We find that there is not one method that is best in all cases. However, we conclude that memory interleaving is the memory allocation policy that provides the best performance for applications using large centralized data structured on a large number of processors and memory banks. In the case of data partitioning and replication, the best results are usually obtained when the number of partitions used is higher, and in some cases, combined with an interleaving policy.
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Pousa, Ribeiro Christiane. "Contributions au contrôle de l'affinité mémoire sur architectures multicoeurs et hiérarchiques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENM030/document.
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Les plates-formes multi-coeurs avec un accès mémoire non uniforme (NUMA) sont devenu des ressources usuelles de calcul haute performance. Dans ces plates-formes, la mémoire partagée est constituée de plusieurs bancs de mémoires physiques organisés hiérarchiquement. Cette hiérarchie est également constituée de plusieurs niveaux de mémoires caches et peut être assez complexe. En raison de cette complexité, les coûts d'accès mémoire peuvent varier en fonction de la distance entre le processeur et le banc mémoire accédé. Aussi, le nombre de coeurs est très élevé dans telles machines entraînant des accès mémoire concurrents. Ces accès concurrents conduisent à des ponts chauds sur des bancs mémoire, générant des problèmes d'équilibrage de charge, de contention mémoire et d'accès distants. Par conséquent, le principal défi sur les plates-formes NUMA est de réduire la latence des accès mémoire et de maximiser la bande passante. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est d'assurer une portabilité des performances évolutives sur des machines NUMA multi-coeurs en contrôlant l'affinité mémoire. Le premier aspect consiste à étudier les caractéristiques des plates-formes NUMA que sont à considérer pour contrôler efficacement les affinités mémoire, et de proposer des mécanismes pour tirer partie de telles affinités. Nous basons notre étude sur des benchmarks et des applications de calcul scientifique ayant des accès mémoire réguliers et irréguliers. L'étude de l'affinité mémoire nous a conduit à proposer un environnement pour gérer le placement des données pour les différents processus des applications. Cet environnement s'appuie sur des informations de compilation et sur l'architecture matérielle pour fournir des mécanismes à grains fins pour contrôler le placement. Ensuite, nous cherchons à fournir des solutions de portabilité des performances. Nous entendons par portabilité des performances la capacité de l'environnement à apporter des améliorations similaires sur des plates-formes NUMA différentes. Pour ce faire, nous proposons des mécanismes qui sont indépendants de l'architecture machine et du compilateur. La portabilité de l'environnement est évaluée sur différentes plates-formes à partir de plusieurs benchmarks et des applications numériques réelles. Enfin, nous concevons des mécanismes d'affinité mémoire qui peuvent être facilement adaptés et utilisés dans différents systèmes parallèles. Notre approche prend en compte les différentes structures de données utilisées dans les différentes applications afin de proposer des solutions qui peuvent être utilisées dans différents contextes. Toutes les propositions développées dans ce travail de recherche sont mises en œuvre dans une framework nommée Minas (Memory Affinity Management Software). Nous avons évalué l'adaptabilité de ces mécanismes suivant trois modèles de programmation parallèle à savoir OpenMP, Charm++ et mémoire transactionnelle. En outre, nous avons évalué ses performances en utilisant plusieurs benchmarks et deux applications réelles de géophysiqueMulti-core platforms with non-uniform memory access (NUMA) design are now a common resource in High Performance Computing. In such platforms, the shared memory is organized in an hierarchical memory subsystem in which the main memory is physically distributed into several memory banks. Additionally, the hierarchical memory subsystem of these platforms feature several levels of cache memories. Because of such hierarchy, memory access costs may vary depending on the distance between tasks and data. Furthermore, since the number of cores is considerably high in such machines, concurrent accesses to the same distributed shared memory are performed. These accesses produce more stress on the memory banks, generating load-balancing issues, memory contention and remote accesses. Therefore, the main challenge on a NUMA platform is to reduce memory access latency and memory contention. In this context, the main objective of this thesis is to attain scalable performances on multi-core NUMA machines by controlling memory affinity. The first goal of this thesis is to investigate which characteristics of the NUMA platform and the application have an important impact on the memory affinity control and propose mechanisms to deal with them on multi-core machines with NUMA design. We focus on High Performance Scientific Numerical workloads with regular and irregular memory access characteristics. The study of memory affinity aims at the proposal of an environment to manage memory affinity on Multi-core Platforms with NUMA design. This environment provides fine grained mechanisms to manage data placement for an application by using compilation time and architecture information. The second goal is to provide solutions that show performance portability. By performance portability, we mean solutions that are capable of providing similar performances improvements on different NUMA platforms. In order to do so, we propose mechanisms that are independent of machine architecture and compiler. The portability of the proposed environment is evaluated through the performance analysis of several benchmarks and applications over different platforms. Last, the third goal of this thesis is to design memory affinity mechanisms that can be easily adapted and used in different parallel systems. Our approach takes into account the different data structures used in High Performance Scientific Numerical workloads, in order to propose solutions that can be used in different contexts. We evaluate the adaptability of such mechanisms in two parallel programming systems. All the ideas developed in this research work are implemented in a Framework named Minas (Memory affInity maNAgement Software). Several OpenMP benchmarks and two real world applications from geophysics are used to evaluate its performance. Additionally, Minas integration on Charm++ (Parallel Programming System) and OpenSkel (Skeleton Pattern System for Software Transactional Memory) is also evaluated
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Mohamedin, Mohamed Ahmed Mahmoud. "On Optimizing Transactional Memory: Transaction Splitting, Scheduling, Fine-grained Fallback, and NUMA Optimization." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56577.
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The industrial shift from single core processors to multi-core ones introduced many challenges. Among them, a program cannot get a free performance boost by just upgrading to a new hardware because new chips include more processing units but at the same (or comparable) clock speed as the previous generation. In order to effectively exploit the new available hardware and thus gain performance, a program should maximize parallelism. Unfortunately, parallel programming poses several challenges, especially when synchronization is involved because parallel threads need to access the same shared data. Locks are the standard synchronization mechanism but gaining performance using locks is difficult for a non-expert programmers and without deeply knowing the application logic. A new, easier, synchronization abstraction is therefore required and Transactional Memory (TM) is the concrete candidate.
TM is a new programming paradigm that simplifies the implementation of synchronization. The programmer just defines atomic parts of the code and the underlying TM system handles the required synchronization, optimistically. In the past decade, TM researchers worked extensively to improve TM-based systems. Most of the work has been dedicated to Software TM (or STM) as it does not requires special transactional hardware supports. Very recently (in the past two years), those hardware supports have become commercially available as commodity processors, thus a large number of customers can finally take advantage of them. Hardware TM (or HTM) provides the potential to obtain the best performance of any TM-based systems, but current HTM systems are best-effort, thus transactions are not guaranteed to commit in any case. In fact, HTM transactions are limited in size and time as well as prone to livelock at high contention levels.
Another challenge posed by the current multi-core hardware platforms is their internal architecture used for interfacing with the main memory. Specifically, when the common computer deployment changed from having a single processor to having multiple multi-core processors, the architects redesigned also the hardware subsystem that manages the memory access from the one providing a Uniform Memory Access (UMA), where the latency needed to fetch a memory location is the same independently from the specific core where the thread executes on, to the current one with a Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA), where such a latency differs according to the core used and the memory socket accessed. This switch in technology has an implication on the performance of concurrent applications. In fact, the building blocks commonly used for designing concurrent algorithms under the assumptions of UMA (e.g., relying on centralized meta-data) may not provide the same high performance and scalability when deployed on NUMA-based architectures.
In this dissertation, we tackle the performance and scalability challenges of multi-core architectures by providing three solutions for increasing performance using HTM (i.e., Part-HTM, Octonauts, and Precise-TM), and one solution for solving the scalability issues provided by NUMA-architectures (i.e., Nemo).
- Part-HTM is the first hybrid transactional memory protocol that solves the problem of transactions aborted due to the resource limitations (space/time) of current best-effort HTM. The basic idea of Part-HTM is to partition those transactions into multiple sub-transactions, which can likely be committed in hardware. Due to the eager nature of HTM, we designed a low-overhead software framework to preserve transaction's correctness (with and without opacity) and isolation. Part-HTM is efficient: our evaluation study confirms that its performance is the best in all tested cases, except for those where HTM cannot be outperformed. However, in such a workload, Part-HTM still performs better than all other software and hybrid competitors.
- Octonauts tackles the live-lock problem of HTM at high contention level. HTM lacks of advanced contention management (CM) policies. Octonauts is an HTM-aware scheduler that orchestrates conflicting transactions. It uses a priori knowledge of transactions' working-set to prevent the activation of conflicting transactions, simultaneously. Octonauts also accommodates both HTM and STM with minimal overhead by exploiting adaptivity. Based on the transaction's size, time, and irrevocable calls (e.g., system call) Octonauts selects the best path among HTM, STM, or global locking. Results show a performance improvement up to 60% when Octonauts is deployed in comparison with pure HTM with falling back to global locking.
- Precise-TM is a unique approach to solve the granularity of the software fallback path of best-efforts HTM. It provide an efficient and precise technique for HTM-STM communication such that HTM is not interfered by concurrent STM transactions. In addition, the added overhead is marginal in terms of space or execution time. Precise-TM uses address-embedded locks (pointers bit-stealing) for a precise communication between STM and HTM. Results show that our precise fine-grained locking pays off as it allows more concurrency between hardware and software transactions. Specifically, it gains up to 5x over the default HTM implementation with a single global lock as fallback path.
- Nemo is a new STM algorithm that ensures high and scalable performance when an application workload with a data locality property is deployed. Existing STM algorithms rely on centralized shared meta-data (e.g., a global timestamp) to synchronize concurrent accesses, but in such a workload, this scheme may hamper the achievement of scalable performance given the high latency introduced by NUMA architectures for updating those centralized meta-data. Nemo overcomes these limitations by allowing only those transactions that actually conflict with each other to perform inter-socket communication. As a result, if two transactions are non-conflicting, they cannot interact with each other through any meta-data. Such a policy does not apply for application threads running in the same socket. In fact, they are allowed to share any meta-data even if they execute non-conflicting operations because, supported by our evaluation study, we found that the local processing happening inside one socket does not interfere with the work done by parallel threads executing on other sockets. Nemo's evaluation study shows improvement over state-of-the-art TM algorithms by as much as 65%.Ph. D.
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Moutal, Aubin. "CRMP5 dans les glioblastomes : fonction et voie de signalisation." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01056757.
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CRMP5 appartient à la famille des Collapsin Response Mediator Protein. Ces protéines sont très exprimées dans le cerveau en développement et les zones de neurogénèse chez l'adulte. Dans un contexte tumoral, l'expression des messagers de CRMP5 émergent dans un cluster de gènes associés à la plus faible survie des 20 patients suivis, et à la prolifération (Liang et al., 2005). Nous avons confirmé ces résultats dans une série rétrospective de 183 GBM où la forte expression protéique de CRMP5 est corrélée à une plus faible survie des patients (7.14 mois vs 10 mois) ; de plus les tumeurs exprimant fortement CRMP5 présentent un index mitotique 2 fois plus important (p = 0.0009) que les tumeurs exprimant faiblement CRMP5. Dans des cultures primaires ou lignées cellulaires de GBM nous montrons que la prolifération des glioblastomes est dépendante de l'expression de CRMP5 et de la voie de signalisation Notch. Des analyses en western blot démontrent que CRMP5 protège les récepteurs Notch de la dégradation lysosomale. Nous avons approfondi ce mécanisme et montré une nouvelle voie de régulation de Notch par CRMP5 qui par une interaction protéique avec Numb, l'inhibiteur de Notch empêche la dégradation du récepteur. Parallèlement, l'analyse en immunohistochimie sur les biopsies de GBM montrent une forte expression Notch et sa cible Hes1 dans les tumeurs exprimant fortement CRMP5. Ces résultats montrent la corrélation entre l'expression de CRMP5 dans les GBM, l'activation de la voie Notch et la faible survie des patients. Le ciblage de l'interaction CRMP5-Numb est une stratégie potentielle pour un traitement ciblé des glioblastomes
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Carey, Julie. "NUMB and Syncytiotrophoblast Development and Function: Investigation Using BeWo Choriocarcinoma Cells." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22846.
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The role of NUMB, a protein important for cellular differentiation and endocytosis in non-placental cells, was investigated in syncytiotrophoblast development and function in the human placenta. The BeWo choriocarcinoma cell line was used as a model for villous cytotrophoblast cells and syncytiotrophoblast to investigate NUMB’s involvement in differentiation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) endocytosis. NUMB isoforms 1 and 3 were found to be the predominant isoforms and were upregulated following forskolin-induced differentiation. Overexpression of NUMB isoforms 1 and 3 did not mediate differentiation or EGFR signaling. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that NUMB colocalized with EGFR at perinuclear late endosomes and lysosomes following EGF stimulation. We have demonstrated for the first time that NUMB isoforms 1 and 3 are expressed in BeWo cells, are upregulated in forskolin-differentiated BeWo cells and are involved in ligand-dependent EGFR endocytosis in BeWo cells.
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Boehler, Christian. "Rôles de la poly (ADP-ribose) polymérase-3 (PARP-3) dans la réponse cellulaire aux dommages dans l'ADN et la progression mitotique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAJ113/document.
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La Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation est une modification post-traductionnelle des protéines catalysée par les poly(ADP-ribose) polymérases (PARPs), une famille de 17 membres. Nous avons débuté la caractérisation fonctionnelle d’un nouveau membre de cette famille : la Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymérase-3 (PARP-3). Cette protéine était très peu étudiée. Le gène humain Parp3 permet l’expression de deux isoformes. Tandis que l’isoforme longue a été identifiée comme un composant centrosomal, l’isoforme courte est accumulée dans le noyau. En outre, seule l’isoforme courte est exprimée chez la souris. Pour étudier les conséquences fonctionnelles de l’absence de PARP-3 dans les cellules humaines, nous avons généré un modèle cellulaire de fibroblastes de poumons humains (MRC5) déplété en PARP-3 par la méthode de l’interférence ARN. Nos travaux ont permis d’identifier PARP-3 comme un nouvel acteur spécifique de la réponse cellulaire aux cassures double brin de l’ADN (DSB). Nous avons également entrepris une recherche de partenaires de PARP-3 par spectrométrie de masse. Nous avons identifié une interaction de PARP-3 avec la protéine NuMA, un régulateur essentiel de la division mitotique. Nos travaux ont mis en évidence l’existence d’un complexe protéique composé de PARP-3, NuMA et Tankyrase 1 (PARP-5a), impliquée dans les mécanismes mitotiques. PARP-3 a un rôle charnière dans la régulation de ce complexe qui joue un rôle fondamental dans la progression mitotique au travers de la maintenance du fuseau mitotique et de la résolution des télomères. Les rôles de PARP-3 dans les mécanismes de réparation des DSB ainsi que dans la progression mitotique en font une cible prometteuse en thérapie du cancerPoly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification of proteins mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), a family of 17 members. We started the functional characterization of a new member of this family : the Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-3 (PARP-3). This protein was poorly studied. The human Parp3 gene displays two splicing variants giving rise to two proteins. Whereas the full length hPARP-3 has been identified as a core component of the centrosome throughout the cell cycle, the shorter splice variant accumulates within the nucleus. Of note, only the shorter nuclear variant is found in mice. We generated PARP-3 depletion in human lung cell line (MRC5) using RNA interference to analyse functional consequences of PARP-3 absence. We identified PARP-3 as a new specific actor of Double-Strand Breaks (DSB) repair mechanism. We also identified a new protein partner of PARP-3, NuMA, which is an essential regulator of mitotic division. These cells also showed problems in mitosis entry, in mitotic spindle formation, an increased mitosis duration and chromosomes aberrations. Performing protein interaction studies and using biochemical approaches, we highlighted a protein complex composed of PARP-3, NuMA and Tankyrase 1 (PARP-5a), involved in mitotic mechanisms. PARP-3 has a key role in the regulation of this complex. It plays essential role in mitotic progression and in mitotic spindle integrity maintenance and in telomere stability. The roles of PARP-3 in both DSB repair mechanisms and in mitotic progression indicate PARP-3 as a possible promising therapeutic target in cancer therapy
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Mogga, Oliver Kenyi A. "EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF THE SUDANESE REFUGEE CHILDREN IN THE UNITED STATES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1187793319.
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Lima, Ãrico Oliveira de AraÃjo. ""Numa cama, numa festa, numa greve, numa revoluÃÃo: o cinema se bifurca, o tempo se abre"." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11842.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorNuma cama, numa greve, numa festa ou numa revoluÃÃo: era assim que Glauber Rocha imaginava que A Idade da Terra (1980), seu Ãltimo filme, poderia ser experimentado. A obra leva ao limite um processo de pesquisa que radicalizava o fazer cinema e inventava novos possÃveis para a experiÃncia estÃtica. à um trabalho que tento pensar junto a duas outras obras do realizador, Claro (1975), filmado durante o exÃlio em Roma, e Di Cavalcanti (1977), curta-metragem que ele produziu no impulso, ao saber da morte do amigo pintor. Cada um desses filmes desencadeia procedimentos singulares de ocupaÃÃo do mundo e de invenÃÃo de caminhos para o cinema. Eles sÃo entendidos aqui como bifurcaÃÃes em formas configuradas de sensibilidade, na medida em que embarcam na proliferaÃÃo de veredas para a fabricaÃÃo fÃlmica. Trata-se de uma preocupaÃÃo mais ampla em discutir as polÃticas dos filmes, maneiras singulares pelas quais o cinema pode inscrever no mundo uma operaÃÃo de rotura estÃtica que à jà uma polÃtica. Nesse sentido, cabe pensar com as obras algumas figuras que afirmam o cinema como campo de resistÃncias. Uma das questÃes que norteiam as discussÃes deste trabalho à a dimensÃo de um devir minoritÃrio, pensado a partir de Deleuze e Guattari, um movimento no qual o cinema pode se engajar para tensionar com um visÃvel e um audÃvel que se apresentam como fatos majoritÃrios. Nesse processo, à a prÃpria vida em comum que està em jogo. Essas operaÃÃes de invenÃÃo se dÃo em um emaranhado de temporalidades, o que leva a uma abordagem metodolÃgica que se coloca como assumidamente anacrÃnica, na medida em que tenta pensar o que uma obra faz agitar no tempo e como ela pode fazer esse tempo se abrir, numa articulaÃÃo que tento fazer com os pensamentos de Benjamin, Warburg, Didi-Huberman e Agamben. Dessa maneira, cabe investigar a dimensÃo de uma contemporaneidade desse cinema de Glauber, na medida em que as proliferaÃÃes buscadas pelas formas fÃlmicas nÃo estÃo circunscritas a um instante de uma cronologia de eventos sucessivos, mas se espalham rizomaticamente pelos tempos, em movimento proliferante e diferenciante. A polÃtica e a estÃtica seriam questÃes de como fazemos pontes nas temporalidades, de quais traÃados sÃo arrancados como possÃveis. Ou de como os engajamentos no tempo podem suscitar acontecimentos e instaurar resistÃncias em devir.
In a bed, a strike, a party or a revolution: that was how Glauber Rocha once thought that his last film, A Idade da Terra (1980), could be experienced. The work takes to the limit a research that turns making cinema a process more radical. It also invents news possibilities to aesthetic experience. Itâs a film that I try to think with two others works from Glauber: Claro (1975), shot when he was in exile in Rome, and Di Cavalcanti (1977), a short film that he produced on an impulse, when he heard that his painter friend had died. Each of these films triggers singular procedures on occupying the world and on inventing paths to the cinema. They are taken here as bifurcations on configured forms of sensibility, as they try to proliferate ways of making a film. This is a broader concern in discussing the politics of films, singular ways in which cinema can inscribe in the world an operation of aesthetic fracture that is already political. In this sense, it is thinking with the works that we can propose some figures who claim cinema as field of resistances. One of the questions that guide the discussions of this work is the concept of a becoming minority, thought from Deleuze and Guattari, a movement in which cinema can engage to create tension with a visible and an audible that present themselves as major facts. In this process, it is common life that is at stake. Those operations of invention are taken in a entanglement of temporalities, which leads to an approach frankly anachronistic, on thinking what a work can shake in time and how it can open this time, in which I try to articulate with the thoughts of Benjamin, Warburg, Didi-Huberman and Agamben. Thus, the idea is to investigate how we could consider a contemporaneity in this cinema of Glauber, in that the proliferations researched by filmic forms are not restricted to a chronology of successive events, rather they spread in a rhizomatic way through temporalities, a proliferative and differentiating movement. Politics and aesthetics would be questions of how we bridge the temporalities, of which tracings are turn into possibilities. Or how the engagements in time can raise events and create resistances in becoming.
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Lima, Érico Oliveira de Araújo. "Numa cama, numa festa, numa greve, numa revolução: o cinema se bifurca, o tempo se abre." www.teses.ufc.br, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8575.
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LIMA, Érico Oliveira de Araújo. Numa cama, numa festa, numa greve, numa revolução: o cinema se bifurca, o tempo se abre. 2014. 208f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação Social, Fortaleza (CE), 2014.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-04T14:59:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_eoalima.pdf: 1651935 bytes, checksum: 4bd50acc541319d070f4328aa52784d1 (MD5)
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In a bed, a strike, a party or a revolution: that was how Glauber Rocha once thought that his last film, A Idade da Terra (1980), could be experienced. The work takes to the limit a research that turns making cinema a process more radical. It also invents news possibilities to aesthetic experience. It’s a film that I try to think with two others works from Glauber: Claro (1975), shot when he was in exile in Rome, and Di Cavalcanti (1977), a short film that he produced on an impulse, when he heard that his painter friend had died. Each of these films triggers singular procedures on occupying the world and on inventing paths to the cinema. They are taken here as bifurcations on configured forms of sensibility, as they try to proliferate ways of making a film. This is a broader concern in discussing the politics of films, singular ways in which cinema can inscribe in the world an operation of aesthetic fracture that is already political. In this sense, it is thinking with the works that we can propose some figures who claim cinema as field of resistances. One of the questions that guide the discussions of this work is the concept of a becoming minority, thought from Deleuze and Guattari, a movement in which cinema can engage to create tension with a visible and an audible that present themselves as major facts. In this process, it is common life that is at stake. Those operations of invention are taken in a entanglement of temporalities, which leads to an approach frankly anachronistic, on thinking what a work can shake in time and how it can open this time, in which I try to articulate with the thoughts of Benjamin, Warburg, Didi-Huberman and Agamben. Thus, the idea is to investigate how we could consider a contemporaneity in this cinema of Glauber, in that the proliferations researched by filmic forms are not restricted to a chronology of successive events, rather they spread in a rhizomatic way through temporalities, a proliferative and differentiating movement. Politics and aesthetics would be questions of how we bridge the temporalities, of which tracings are turn into possibilities. Or how the engagements in time can raise events and create resistances in becoming.
Numa cama, numa greve, numa festa ou numa revolução: era assim que Glauber Rocha imaginava que A Idade da Terra (1980), seu último filme, poderia ser experimentado. A obra leva ao limite um processo de pesquisa que radicalizava o fazer cinema e inventava novos possíveis para a experiência estética. É um trabalho que tento pensar junto a duas outras obras do realizador, Claro (1975), filmado durante o exílio em Roma, e Di Cavalcanti (1977), curta-metragem que ele produziu no impulso, ao saber da morte do amigo pintor. Cada um desses filmes desencadeia procedimentos singulares de ocupação do mundo e de invenção de caminhos para o cinema. Eles são entendidos aqui como bifurcações em formas configuradas de sensibilidade, na medida em que embarcam na proliferação de veredas para a fabricação fílmica. Trata-se de uma preocupação mais ampla em discutir as políticas dos filmes, maneiras singulares pelas quais o cinema pode inscrever no mundo uma operação de rotura estética que é já uma política. Nesse sentido, cabe pensar com as obras algumas figuras que afirmam o cinema como campo de resistências. Uma das questões que norteiam as discussões deste trabalho é a dimensão de um devir minoritário, pensado a partir de Deleuze e Guattari, um movimento no qual o cinema pode se engajar para tensionar com um visível e um audível que se apresentam como fatos majoritários. Nesse processo, é a própria vida em comum que está em jogo. Essas operações de invenção se dão em um emaranhado de temporalidades, o que leva a uma abordagem metodológica que se coloca como assumidamente anacrônica, na medida em que tenta pensar o que uma obra faz agitar no tempo e como ela pode fazer esse tempo se abrir, numa articulação que tento fazer com os pensamentos de Benjamin, Warburg, Didi-Huberman e Agamben. Dessa maneira, cabe investigar a dimensão de uma contemporaneidade desse cinema de Glauber, na medida em que as proliferações buscadas pelas formas fílmicas não estão circunscritas a um instante de uma cronologia de eventos sucessivos, mas se espalham rizomaticamente pelos tempos, em movimento proliferante e diferenciante. A política e a estética seriam questões de como fazemos pontes nas temporalidades, de quais traçados são arrancados como possíveis. Ou de como os engajamentos no tempo podem suscitar acontecimentos e instaurar resistências em devir.
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Drebes, Andi. "Dynamic optimization of data-flow task-parallel applications for large-scale NUMA systems." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066330/document.
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Au milieu des années deux mille, le développement de microprocesseurs a atteint un point à partir duquel l'augmentation de la fréquence de fonctionnement et la complexification des micro-architectures devenaient moins efficaces en termes de consommation d'énergie, poussant ainsi la densité d'énergie au delà du raisonnable. Par conséquent, l'industrie a opté pour des architectures multi-cœurs intégrant plusieurs unités de calcul sur une même puce. Les sytèmes hautes performances d'aujourd'hui sont composés de centaines de cœurs et les systèmes futurs intègreront des milliers d'unités de calcul. Afin de fournir une bande passante mémoire suffisante dans ces systèmes, la mémoire vive est distribuée physiquement sur plusieurs contrôleurs mémoire avec un accès non-uniforme à la mémoire (NUMA). Des travaux de recherche récents ont identifié les modèles de programmation à base de tâches dépendantes à granularité fine comme une approche clé pour exploiter la puissance de calcul des architectures généralistes massivement parallèles. Toutefois, peu de recherches ont été conduites sur l'optimisation dynamique des programmes parallèles à base de tâches afin de réduire l'impact négatif sur les performances résultant de la non-uniformité des accès à la mémoire. L'objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer les enjeux et les opportunités concernant l'exploitation efficace de machines many-core NUMA par des applications à base de tâches et de proposer des mécanismes efficaces, portables et entièrement automatiques pour le placement de tâches et de données, améliorant la localité des accès à la mémoire ainsi que les performances. Les décisions de placement sont basées sur l'exploitation des informations sur les dépendances entre tâches disponibles dans les run-times de langages de programmation à base de tâches modernes. Les évaluations expérimentales réalisées reposent sur notre implémentation dans le run-time du langage OpenStream et un ensemble de benchmarks scientifiques hautes performances. Enfin, nous avons développé et implémenté Aftermath, un outil d'analyse et de débogage de performances pour des applications à base de tâches et leurs run-timesWithin the last decade, microprocessor development reached a point at which higher clock rates and more complex micro-architectures became less energy-efficient, such that power consumption and energy density were pushed beyond reasonable limits. As a consequence, the industry has shifted to more energy efficient multi-core designs, integrating multiple processing units (cores) on a single chip. The number of cores is expected to grow exponentially and future systems are expected to integrate thousands of processing units. In order to provide sufficient memory bandwidth in these systems, main memory is physically distributed over multiple memory controllers with non-uniform access to memory (NUMA). Past research has identified programming models based on fine-grained, dependent tasks as a key technique to unleash the parallel processing power of massively parallel general-purpose computing architectures. However, the execution of task-paralel programs on architectures with non-uniform memory access and the dynamic optimizations to mitigate NUMA effects have received only little interest. In this thesis, we explore the main factors on performance and data locality of task-parallel programs and propose a set of transparent, portable and fully automatic on-line mapping mechanisms for tasks to cores and data to memory controllers in order to improve data locality and performance. Placement decisions are based on information about point-to-point data dependences, readily available in the run-time systems of modern task-parallel programming frameworks. The experimental evaluation of these techniques is conducted on our implementation in the run-time of the OpenStream language and a set of high-performance scientific benchmarks. Finally, we designed and implemented Aftermath, a tool for performance analysis and debugging of task-parallel applications and run-times
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Lopes, Inês Margarida Oliveira. "Intervenção numa aldeia numa perspectiva de reconversão." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12251.
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Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.A presente investigação pretende desenvolver a temática de intervenção em aldeias numa perspectiva de reconversão. O tema desta dissertação relaciona-se com o processo de requalificação e de qualificação de áreas rurais apoiando-se no balanço crítico e prospectivo de alguns projectos já realizados em aldeias portuguesas. O contributo deste trabalho crítico cairá, sobretudo, sobre a compreensão das estratégias e dos programas adoptados para revitalizar e promover áreas rurais. Argumenta-se que a fraca compreensão do funcionamento natural das áreas rurais é um obstáculo para muitos projectistas que leva a decisões e estratégias que geralmente não são entendidas, nem aceites, pelos próprios residentes destas áreas. Neste seguimento e tendo como premissas de trabalho os factores físicos e humanos de cada lugar os objectivos da investigação recaem na compreensão das medidas mais adequadas a adoptar para intervir em territórios rurais fragilizados e ao mesmo tempo desenvolver a capacidade de antecipação relativamente ao futuro da solução apresentada. Este trabalho final é composto por 3 fases. A fase de investigação; fase de elaboração de um programa funcional e de estratégia geral para o projecto Casal dos Lobos; fase do projecto de requalificação arquitectónica de Casal dos Lobos.
ABSTRACT: The main objective of this investigation is to develop the process of rethink and redesign of the urbanity ofrural villages. So, this thesis, relates to the process of rural areas improvement and qualification, substantiated by the critical analysis of other projects, already developed, in some Portuguese rural villages. This work will be supported by the understanding of the strategies and programs adopted to revitalize and promote areas and projects of this nature. For many architects, the poor understanding of these areas constitutes an obstacle which leads to bad decisions and strategies that aren’t, in general, understood or accepted by the local residents. In this line of thought, and having as work assumptions, human and physical conditions of each place, the research objectives should be related to the understanding of the most sustainable options, that we should choose, when we are intervening in fragile rural areas, while develop the ability to anticipate the evolution and consequences of our choices and options. So this work, in this way, is composed by three phases: the first one is the research phase; the second one is the phase of functional program and overall strategy conception; and the third one the phase of architectural requalification project.
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Pinto, Rose Maria. "O discurso às avessas em Numa e a Ninfa de Lima Barreto." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4849.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-22The objective of this research is to recognize and analyze the diversity of social voices present in Lima Barreto s novel Numa e a Ninfa, written in 1915. Possessing an innovative style and an inverted discourse, contradictory to the official patterns, Barreto was responsible for introducing a new type of literature, one which integrates fiction to reality, with the portrayal of the First Republic s social, political, and historical facts. The understanding of Barreto s proposal in creating the interaction among different fields of knowledge is, in this work, based on Mikhail Bakhtin s Diologism, which analyzes language s possibility to establish continuous linkages between individuals and societies, enabling a better understanding of them. In an objective, clear, and ironic way, Barreto s works analyze the individuals, their attitudes and social relations, attempting to incite the reader towards perception and conscience of a true reality underneath the masks worn for the performance of social roles. Through the depiction of characters such as Edgarda, Numa Pompílio, and Benevenuto, the author molds stereotypes, which denounce ambition, hypocrisy, and selfishness, common aspects among politicians. The ironical approaches used throughout the narrative identify Barreto s tone, used to combat, through literature, the social mishaps present in the politics of the Brazilian society. In order to promote the discussion about irony, Linda Hutcheon s and Colin Muecke s concepts are fundamental, as this resource provides the reader a more active interpretative process. The comparative path taken by Barreto, in Numa e a Ninfa, is also another efficient aspect to denounce and question the posture and character of people s representatives. The author confronts his fictitious characters Numa Pompílio and Edgarda with the Roman historical figures Numa Pompílio and the Egeria nymph (714-671 b.C.) in order to lead the reader s perception of inverted discourse, evinced by the contrasting characteristics. Numa e a Ninfa is a novel which portrays Lima Barreto s trajetory in his search for a less alienating literature and for one that conducts the reader to a posture of inquirer of reality and active participant.
Este trabalho busca reconhecer e analisar a diversidade de vozes social, política e histórica, existentes no discurso da obra Numa e a Ninfa (1915) de Lima Barreto. Dono de um estilo inovador e com um discurso às avessas, contrário aos padrões oficiais, o escritor abriu caminhos para um novo tipo de literatura, que integra à ficção, aspectos pertencentes à realidade, retratando os acontecimentos sociais, políticos e históricos pertencentes à 1a República. A compreensão da proposta barretiana de criar a interação entre campos de saberes diferenciados é, neste trabalho, fundamentada a partir da Teoria do Dialogismo, de Mikhail Bakhtin, que analisa as possibilidades da linguagem de estabelecer elos contínuos entre os indivíduos e as sociedades, possibilitando maior entendimento sobre os mesmos. De forma objetiva, clara e irônica, a obra de Barreto analisa os indivíduos, suas atitudes e relações sociais, procurando instigar no leitor a percepção e conscientização da verdadeira realidade por detrás das máscaras usadas nas representações de papéis sociais. Através da retratação das personagens Edgarda, Numa Pompílio e Benevenuto, o autor molda estereótipos, que servem para denunciar a ambição, a corrupção, o descaso, a hipocrisia e o egoísmo, comuns aos membros da classe política. As abordagens irônicas utilizadas no decorrer da narrativa retratam o tom usado por Barreto para combater, por intermédio da literatura, as mazelas sociais que assolam a política e a sociedade brasileira. A fim de promover a discussão sobre a ironia, busca-se junto aos conceitos propostos por Linda Hutcheon e Douglas Colin Muecke compreender a capacidade deste recurso, em quebrar as amarras que dificultam as possibilidades do leitor de torna-se mais ativo durante o processo interpretativo. O caminho percorrido por Barreto, em Numa e a Ninfa encontra, também, na comparação, outro aspecto capaz de denunciar e questionar o caráter e a postura dos representantes do povo. O autor utiliza o confronto entre as personagens barretianas Numa Pompílio e Edgarda, com as da história romana de Numa Pompílio e a Ninfa Egéria (714 a 671 a.C.), e induz a percepção do leitor sobre o diálogo ao revés, constatado no confronto de características tão distintas. Numa e a Ninfa é uma obra que retrata a trajetória de Lima Barreto em busca de uma literatura menos alienante e direcionadora de um leitor com postura de agente questionador e atuante em sua realidade.
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Bui, Vo Quoc Bao. "Virtualization of micro-architectural components using software solutions." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0082.
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Le cloud computing est devenu un paradigme dominant dans l'industrie informatique en raison de sa flexibilité et de son efficacité dans le partage et la gestion des ressources. La technologie clé qui permet le cloud computing est la virtualisation. L'isolation et la prédictibilité de performance sont des exigences essentielles d'un système virtualisé où plusieurs machines virtuelles (MVs) s'exécutent sur une même machine physique. Pour mettre en œuvre ces propriétés, le logiciel de virtualisation (appelé l'hyperviseur) doit trouver un moyen de diviser les ressources physiques (par exemple, la mémoire physique, le temps processeur) du système et de les allouer aux MVs en fonction de la quantité de ressources virtuelles définies pour chaque MV. Cependant, les machines modernes ont des architectures complexes et certaines ressources de niveau microarchitectural telles que les caches de processeur, les contrôleurs de mémoire, les interconnexions ne peuvent pas être divisées et allouées aux MVs. Elles sont partagées globalement entre toutes les MVs qui rivalisent pour leur utilisation, ce qui conduit à la contention. Par conséquent, l'isolation et la prédictibilité de performance sont compromises. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons des solutions logicielles pour prevenir la non-prédictibilité des performances due aux composants micro-architecturaux. La première contribution s'appelle Kyoto, une solution pour le problème de contention du cache, inspirée du principe pollueur-payeur. Une MV est pollueuse si elle provoque des remplacements importants de lignes de cache qui ont un impact sur la performance des autres MVs. Désormais, en utilisant le système Kyoto, le fournisseur peut encourager les utilisateurs du cloud à réserver des permis de pollution pour leurs MVs. La deuxième contribution aborde le problème de la virtualisation efficace des machines NUMA. Le défi majeur vient du fait que l'hyperviseur reconfigure régulièrement le placement d'une MV sur la topologie NUMA. Cependant, ni les systèmes d'exploitation (OSs) invités ni les librairies de l'environnement d'exécution (par exemple, HotSpot) ne sont conçus pour prendre en compte les changements de topologie NUMA pendant leur exécution, conduisant les applications de l'utilisateur final à des performances imprévisibles. Nous présentons eXtended Para-Virtualization (XPV), un nouveau principe pour virtualiser efficacement une architecture NUMA. XPV consiste à revisiter l'interface entre l'hyperviseur et l'OS invité, et entre l'OS invité et les librairies de l'environnement d'exécution afin qu'ils puissent prendre en compte de manière dynamique les changements de topologie NUMACloud computing has become a dominant computing paradigm in the information technology industry due to its flexibility and efficiency in resource sharing and management. The key technology that enables cloud computing is virtualization. Essential requirements in a virtualized system where several virtual machines (VMs) run on a same physical machine include performance isolation and predictability. To enforce these properties, the virtualization software (called the hypervisor) must find a way to divide physical resources (e.g., physical memory, processor time) of the system and allocate them to VMs with respect to the amount of virtual resources defined for each VM. However, modern hardware have complex architectures and some microarchitectural-level resources such as processor caches, memory controllers, interconnects cannot be divided and allocated to VMs. They are globally shared among all VMs which compete for their use, leading to contention. Therefore, performance isolation and predictability are compromised. In this thesis, we propose software solutions for preventing unpredictability in performance due to micro-architectural components. The first contribution is called Kyoto, a solution to the cache contention issue, inspired by the polluters pay principle. A VM is said to pollute the cache if it provokes significant cache replacements which impact the performance of other VMs. Henceforth, using the Kyoto system, the provider can encourage cloud users to book pollution permits for their VMs. The second contribution addresses the problem of efficiently virtualizing NUMA machines. The major challenge comes from the fact that the hypervisor regularly reconfigures the placement of a VM over the NUMA topology. However, neither guest operating systems (OSs) nor system runtime libraries (e.g., HotSpot) are designed to consider NUMA topology changes at runtime, leading end user applications to unpredictable performance. We presents eXtended Para-Virtualization (XPV), a new principle to efficiently virtualize a NUMA architecture. XPV consists in revisiting the interface between the hypervisor and the guest OS, and between the guest OS and system runtime libraries so that they can dynamically take into account NUMA topology changes
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Peyre, Elise. "Mécanisme et importance développementale de l'orientation du fuseau mitotique des progéniteurs neuraux chez les vertébrés : rôle du complexe Gαi\LGN\NUMA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22079.
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Pour maintenir l'architecture du tissue, les cellules épithéliales se divisent de manière planaire, perpendiculaire à leur axe principal de polarité. Du fait que le centrosome retrouve sa localisation apicale à l'interphase l'orientation du fuseau mitotique est réinitialisée à chaque cycle cellulaire. Nous utilisons de l'imagerie live en trois dimensions de centrosome marqués en GFP pour investiguer la dynamique de l'orientation du fuseau mitotique des cellules neuroépithéliales de l'embryon de poulet. Le fuseau mitotique présente des mouvements stéréotypiques pendant la métaphase, avec dans un premier temps une phase active de d'orientation planaire suivie par une phase de maintenance planaire jusqu'à l'anaphase. Nous décrivons la localisation des protéines NuMA et LGN formant un anneau au niveau du cortex latéral cellulaire au moment de l'orientation du fuseau. Enfin, nous montrons que le complexe protéique formé par LGN, NuMA et par la sous unité Gai localisé au cortex est nécessaire pour les mouvements du fuseau et pour réguler la dynamique de l'orientation du fuseau. La localisation restreinte de LGN et NuMA en anneau cortical est instructive pour l'alignement planaire du fuseau mitotique et est également requise pour sa maintenance planaireTo maintain tissue architecture, epithelial cells divide in a planar fashion, perpendicular to their main polarity axis. As the centrosome resumes an apical localization in interphase, planar spindle orientation is reset at each cell cycle. We used three-dimensional live imaging of GFP-labeled centrosomes to investigate the dynamics of spindle orientation in chick neuroepithelial cells. The mitotic spindle displays stereotypic movements during metaphase, with an active phase of planar orientation and a subsequent phase of planar maintenance before anaphase. We describe the localization of the NuMA and LGN proteins in a belt at the lateral cell cortex during spindle orientation. Finally, we show that the complex formed of LGN, NuMA, and of cortically located Gái subunits is necessary for spindle movements and regulates the dynamics of spindle orientation. The restricted localization of LGN and NuMA in the lateral belt is instructive for the planar alignment of the mitotic spindle, and required for its planar maintenance
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Gidra, Lokesh. "Garbage collector for memory intensive applications on NUMA architectures." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066636/document.
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Afin de maximiser la localité des accès mémoire pendant la phase de collection, un thread GC évite d’accéder un autre noeud mémoire en notifiant à la place un thread GC distant avec un message. Néanmoins, NumaGiC évite les inconvénients d’un design complètement distribué qui tend à diminuer le parallélisme et augmenter le déséquilibre des accès mémoire en permettant aux threads de voler depuis les autres noeuds quand ceux-ci sont inactifs. NumaGiC fait son possible pour trouver un équilibre parfait entre les accès distant, le déséquilibre des accès mémoire et le parallélisme. Dans ce travail, nous comparons NumaGiC avec Parallel Scavenge et certaines de ses variantes améliorées de façon incrémentale sur deux architectures ccNUMA en utilisant la machine virtuelle Hotspot d’OpenJDK 7. Sur Spark et Neo4j, deux applications d’informatique décisionnelle de niveau industriel, avec une taille de tas allant de 160 GB à 350 GB, et sur SPECjbb2013 et SPECjbb2005, NumaGiC améliore la performance globale jusqu’à 94% par rapport à Parallel Scavenge et améliore la performance du collecteur lui-même jusqu’à 5,4times par rapport à Parallel Scavenge. En terme de passage à l’échelle du débit du GC en augmentant le nombre de noeuds NUMA, NumaGiC passe à l’échelle beaucoup mieux qu’avec Parallel Scavenge pour toutes les applications. Dans le cas de SPECjbb2005, où les références inter-objets sont les moins nombreuses parmi toutes les applications, NumaGiC passe à l’échelle quasiment linéairementLarge-scale multicore architectures create new challenges for garbage collectors (GCs). On con-temporary cache-coherent Non-Uniform Memory Access (ccNUMA) architectures, applications with a large memory footprint suffer from the cost of the garbage collector (GC), because, as the GC scans the reference graph, it makes many remote memory accesses, saturating the interconnect between memory nodes. In this thesis, we address this problem with NumaGiC, a GC with a mostly-distributed design. In order to maximise memory access locality during collection, a GC thread avoids accessing a different memory node, instead notifying a remote GC thread with a message; nonetheless, NumaGiC avoids the drawbacks of a pure distributed design, which tends to decrease parallelism and increase memory access imbalance, by allowing threads to steal from other nodes when they are idle. NumaGiC strives to find a perfect balance between local access, memory access balance, and parallelism. In this work, we compare NumaGiC with Parallel Scavenge and some of its incrementally improved variants on two different ccNUMA architectures running on the Hotspot Java Virtual Machine of OpenJDK 7. On Spark and Neo4j, two industry-strength analytics applications, with heap sizes ranging from 160 GB to 350 GB, and on SPECjbb2013 and SPECjbb2005, NumaGiC improves overall performance by up to 94% over Parallel Scavenge, and increases the performance of the collector itself by up to 5.4× over Parallel Scavenge. In terms of scalability of GC throughput with increasing number of NUMA nodes, NumaGiC scales substantially better than Parallel Scavenge for all the applications. In fact in case of SPECjbb2005, where inter-node object references are the least among all, NumaGiC scales almost linearly
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Rossignon, Corentin. "Un modèle de programmation à grain fin pour la parallélisation de solveurs linéaires creux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0094/document.
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La résolution de grands systèmes linéaires creux est un élément essentiel des simulations numériques.Ces résolutions peuvent représenter jusqu’à 80% du temps de calcul des simulations.Une parallélisation efficace des noyaux d’algèbre linéaire creuse conduira donc à obtenir de meilleures performances. En mémoire distribuée, la parallélisation de ces noyaux se fait le plus souvent en modifiant leschéma numérique. Par contre, en mémoire partagée, un parallélisme plus efficace peut être utilisé. Il est doncimportant d’utiliser deux niveaux de parallélisme, un premier niveau entre les noeuds d’une grappe de serveuret un deuxième niveau à l’intérieur du noeud. Lors de l’utilisation de méthodes itératives en mémoire partagée,les graphes de tâches permettent de décrire naturellement le parallélisme en prenant comme granularité letravail sur une ligne de la matrice. Malheureusement, cette granularité est trop fine et ne permet pas d’obtenirde bonnes performances à cause du surcoût de l’ordonnanceur de tâches.Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le problème de la granularité pour la parallélisation par graphe detâches. Nous proposons d’augmenter la granularité des tâches de calcul en créant des agrégats de tâchesqui deviendront eux-mêmes des tâches. L’ensemble de ces agrégats et des nouvelles dépendances entre lesagrégats forme un graphe de granularité plus grossière. Ce graphe est ensuite utilisé par un ordonnanceur detâches pour obtenir de meilleurs résultats. Nous utilisons comme exemple la factorisation LU incomplète d’unematrice creuse et nous montrons les améliorations apportées par cette méthode. Puis, dans un second temps,nous nous concentrons sur les machines à architecture NUMA. Dans le cas de l’utilisation d’algorithmeslimités par la bande passante mémoire, il est intéressant de réduire les effets NUMA liés à cette architectureen plaçant soi-même les données. Nous montrons comment prendre en compte ces effets dans un intergiciel àbase de tâches pour ainsi améliorer les performances d’un programme parallèleSolving large sparse linear system is an essential part of numerical simulations. These resolve can takeup to 80% of the total of the simulation time.An efficient parallelization of sparse linear kernels leads to better performances. In distributed memory,parallelization of these kernels is often done by changing the numerical scheme. Contrariwise, in sharedmemory, a more efficient parallelism can be used. It’s necessary to use two levels of parallelism, a first onebetween nodes of a cluster and a second inside a node.When using iterative methods in shared memory, task-based programming enables the possibility tonaturally describe the parallelism by using as granularity one line of the matrix for one task. Unfortunately,this granularity is too fine and doesn’t allow to obtain good performance.In this thesis, we study the granularity problem of the task-based parallelization. We offer to increasegrain size of computational tasks by creating aggregates of tasks which will become tasks themself. Thenew coarser task graph is composed by the set of these aggregates and the new dependencies betweenaggregates. Then a task scheduler schedules this new graph to obtain better performance. We use as examplethe Incomplete LU factorization of a sparse matrix and we show some improvements made by this method.Then, we focus on NUMA architecture computer. When we use a memory bandwidth limited algorithm onthis architecture, it is interesting to reduce NUMA effects. We show how to take into account these effects ina task-based runtime in order to improve performance of a parallel program
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Francesquini, Emilio de Camargo. "Ambientes de execução para o modelo de atores em plataformas hierárquicas de memória compartilhada com processadores de múltiplos núcleos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-09092014-163810/.
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O modelo de programação baseado em atores é frequentemente utilizado para o desenvolvimento de grandes aplicações e sistemas. Podemos citar como exemplo o serviço de bate-papo do Facebook ou ainda o WhatsApp. Estes sistemas dão suporte a milhares de usuários conectados simultaneamente levando em conta estritas restrições de desempenho e interatividade. Tais sistemas normalmente são amparados por infraestruturas de hardware com processadores de múltiplos núcleos. Normalmente, máquinas deste porte são baseadas em uma estrutura de memória compartilhada hierarquicamente (NUMA - Non-Uniform Memory Access). Nossa análise dos atuais ambientes de execução para atores e a pesquisa na literatura mostram que poucos estudos sobre a adequação deste ambientes a essas plataformas hierárquicas foram conduzidos. Estes ambientes de execução normalmente assumem que o espaço de memória é uniforme o que pode causar sérios problemas de desempenho. Nesta tese nós estudamos os desafios enfrentados por um ambiente de execução para atores quando da sua execução nestas plataformas. Estudamos particularmente os problemas de gerenciamento de memória, de escalonamento e de balanceamento de carga. Neste documento nós também analisamos e caracterizamos as aplicações baseadas no modelo de atores. Tal análise nos permitiu evidenciar o fato de que a execução de benchmarks e aplicações criam estruturas de comunicação peculiares entre os atores. Tais peculiaridades podem, então, ser utilizadas pelos ambientes de execução para otimizar o seu desempenho. A avaliação dos grafos de comunicação e a implementação da prova de conceito foram feitas utilizando um ambiente de execução real, a máquina virtual da linguagem Erlang. A linguagem Erlang utiliza o modelo de atores para concorrência com uma sintaxe clara e consistente. As modificações que nós efetuamos nesta máquina virtual permitiram uma melhora significativa no desempenho de certas aplicações através de uma melhor afinidade de comunicação entre os atores. O escalonamento e o balanceamento de carga também foram melhorados graças à utilização do conhecimento sobre o comportamento da aplicação e sobre a plataforma de hardware.The actor model is present in several mission-critical systems, such as those supporting WhatsApp and Facebook Chat. These systems serve thousands of clients simultaneously, therefore demanding substantial computing resources usually provided by multi-processor and multi-core platforms. Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures account for an important share of these platforms. Yet, research on the suitability of the current actor runtime environments for these machines is very limited. Current runtime environments, in general, assume a flat memory space, thus not performing as well as they could. In this thesis we study the challenges hierarchical shared memory multi-core platforms present to actor runtime environments. In particular, we investigate aspects related to memory management, scheduling, and load-balancing. In this document, we analyze and characterize actor based applications to, in light of the above, propose improvements to actor runtime environments. This analysis highlighted the existence of peculiar communication structures. We argue that the comprehension of these structures and the knowledge about the underlying hardware architecture can be used in tandem to improve application performance. As a proof of concept, we implemented our proposal using a real actor runtime environment, the Erlang Virtual Machine (VM). Concurrency in Erlang is based on the actor model and the language has a consistent syntax for actor handling. Our modifications to the Erlang VM significantly improved the performance of some applications thanks to better informed decisions on scheduling and on load-balancing.
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Santos, Jonatan de Souza [UNESP]. "A sátira limabarretiana em Numa e a Ninfa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139449.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
No presente trabalho buscamos compreender como a sátira se constrói no romance Numa e a Ninfa, publicado pela primeira vez no jornal A Noite, no ano de 1915, por Lima Barreto. Na análise da construção do narrador irônico que movimenta a perspectiva satírica no romance, problematiza-se a representação da realidade política brasileira do início do século XX na obra do autor, ressaltando o tratamento dado aos temas da reforma arquitetônica ocorrida no Rio de Janeiro, do preconceito que permaneceu mesmo após a Lei Áurea, da ascensão do capitalismo nos anos iniciais da República, da imprensa que se tornou vítima da influência capitalista, da maneira como o autor de Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma viu a sociedade carioca de seu tempo sem deixar de anunciar seu pensamento sobre a comunhão proposta à humanidade. Nesse sentido, consideramos como a sátira se realizou no Pré-Modernismo, antes de tudo retomando suas definições, lembrando textos publicados em revistas como O Pirralho, Revista Fon! Fon!, especialmente o artigo “Urupês”, de Monteiro Lobato. Ao reconhecer esses aspectos, realizamos a análise do romance, ressaltando os personagens caricaturizados, a ironia do narrador, a desmistificação dos personagens que representam líderes políticos e as perspectivas utópicas do autor que são antevistas na norma satírica, que desconstrói o status quo em favor de uma nova ordem.
En el presente trabajo buscamos comprender como la sátira se construye en la novela Numa e a Ninfa, publicado por primera vez en el periodico A Noite, el año 1915, por Lima Barreto. En el análisis de la construcción del narrador irónico que mueve la perspectiva satírica en la novela, se problematiza la representación de la realidad política brasileña del principio del siglo XX en la obra del autor, resaltando el tratamiento dado a los temas de la reforma arquitectónica que se ocurrió en Río de Janeiro, del prejuicio que se ha permanecido mismo tras la Ley Áurea, del ascenso del capitalismo en los años iniciales de la República, de la prensa que se torna víctima de las influencias capitalistas, de la manera como el autor de Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma miró la sociedad carioca de su tiempo jamás olvidándose de expresar su pensamiento acerca de la comunión propuesta a la humanidad. Por lo tanto, consideramos como la sátira se realizó en el Pré-Modernismo, al comprender sus definiciones por medio de los textos publicados en periódicos como O Pirralho, Revista Fon! Fon!, y de manera especial el artículo “Urupês”, de Monteiro Lobato. Al reconocer esos aspectos, realizamos el análisis de la novela, destacando los personajes caricaturizados, la ironía del narrador, la desmitificación de los personajes que representan líderes políticos y las perspectivas utópicas del autor que son antevistas en la norma satírica, que desconstruye el status quo em favor de un nuevo orden.
CNPq: 134001/2014-1
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Turner, Darryl John. "The morphosyntax of Katcha nominals : a Dynamic Syntax account." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21003.
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This thesis presents a new description and theoretical analysis of the nominal system of Katcha (Nilo-Saharan, Kadu), spoken in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan. The description and analysis are based on a synthesis of data from several sources, including unpublished archive material and original fieldwork. The study is placed in context with a discussion of the demographic, cultural and political background affecting the Katcha linguistic community, a review of the current state of linguistic research on Katcha and a discussion of the ongoing controversy over the place of the Kadu languages within the language phyla of Africa. The morphosyntactic descriptions first focus on the role of nominals as heads, considering phenomena such as classification, agreement and modification. It is shown that Katcha has a unusual system of gender agreement with three agreement classes based on the concepts of Masculine, Feminine and Plural and that the gender of a noun may change between its singular and plural forms. Surprisingly, these phenomena are both most commonly found in Afro-Asiatic, which is not a phylum to which Kadu has previously been ascribed. The gender changes are shown to be predictable, determined by number-marking affixes. The study then gives a unified analysis of various types of nominal modifiers; relative clauses, possessives, demonstratives and adjectives all display similar morphological properties and this is accounted for by analysing all modfiers as appositional, headed by a demonstrative pronoun. This analysis of modifiers shows them to be related to, though not the same as, the notions of relative markers and construct state found widely in African languages. The role of nominals within sentential argument structure is then considered, with discussion of phenomena such as prepositional phrases, case and verbal valency. From the interaction of prepositions and pronouns, it is tentatively concluded that Katcha has three cases: Nominative, Accusative and Oblique. From the interaction of verbs and nouns, it is demonstrated that the verbal suffixes known as ‘verb extensions’ primarily serve to license the absence of otherwise mandatory core arguments. The second part of the thesis provides a theoretical analysis of the nominal system within the framework of Dynamic Syntax (DS). Two key features of the DS formalism come into play. Firstly, DS construes semantic individuals as terms of the epsilon calculus. Verb extensions are analysed as projecting context-dependent epsilon terms, providing a value for the ‘missing’ argument. Secondly, DS allows information sharing between propositions by means of a ‘LINK’ relation. Prepositional phrases are analysed as projecting a subordinate proposition which shares an argument with the matrix tree. These two formal tools come together in the analysis of nominal modifiers, which are construed as projecting an arbitrarily complex epsilon term LINKed to some term in the matrix tree, directly reflecting their descriptive analysis as appositional nominals. In presenting new data for a little studied language, this thesis adds to our knowledge and understanding of Nuba Mountain languages. In describing and analysing some of the typologically unsual features of Katcha’s nominal system, it challenges some standard assumptions about these constructions and about the genetic affiliation of the Kadu family. And in the theoretical analysis it demonstrates the suitability of Dynamic Syntax to model some of the key insights of the descriptive analysis.
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Björk, Amanda. "numb grounds gas." Thesis, Konstfack, Institutionen för Konst (K), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7777.
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The alchemical term solve et coagula describes the two stages of the refinement process that materials go through to transform into another form. This work is a result of an idea of how dissolution and coagulation can occur in painting and how it manifests physically. Each physical object, break it apart to its core and elements, and you will find it in the land. As a thought, a dream, or a memory, it is part of the landscape of your mind. And like a word that exists in our social landscape.
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Dupros, Fabrice. "Contribution à la modélisation numérique de la propagation des ondes sismiques sur architectures multicœurs et hiérarchiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14147/document.
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En termes de prévention du risque associé aux séismes, la prédiction quantitative des phénomènes de propagation et d'amplification des ondes sismiques dans des structures géologiques complexes devient essentielle. Dans ce domaine, la simulation numérique est prépondérante et l'exploitation efficace des techniques de calcul haute performance permet d'envisager les modélisations à grande échelle nécessaires dans le domaine du risque sismique.Plusieurs évolutions récentes au niveau de l'architecture des machines parallèles nécessitent l'adaptation des algorithmes classiques utilisées pour la modélisation sismique. En effet, l'augmentation de la puissance des processeurs se traduit maintenant principalement par un nombre croissant de cœurs de calcul et les puces multicœurs sont maintenant à la base de la majorité des architectures multiprocesseurs. Ce changement correspond également à une plus grande complexité au niveau de l'organisation physique de la mémoire qui s'articule généralement autour d'une architecture NUMA (Non Uniform Memory Access pour accès mémoire non uniforme) de profondeur importante.Les contributions de cette thèse se situent à la fois au niveau algorithmique et numérique mais abordent également l'articulation avec les supports d'exécution optimisés pour les architectures multicœurs. Les solutions retenues sont validées à grande échelle en considérant deux exemples de modélisation sismique. Le premier cas se situe dans la préfecture de Niigata-Chuetsu au Japon (événement du 16 juillet 2007) et repose sur la méthode des différences finies. Le deuxième exemple met en œuvre la méthode des éléments finis. Un séisme hypothétique dans la région de Nice est modélisé en tenant compte du comportement non linéaire du solOne major goal of strong motion seismology is the estimation of damage in future earthquake scenarios. Simulation of large scale seismic wave propagation is of great importance for efficient strong motion analysis and risk mitigation. Being particularly CPU-consuming, this three-dimensional problem makes use of high-performance computing technologies to make realistic simulation feasible on a regional scale at relatively high frequencies.Several evolutions at the chip level have an important impact on the performance of classical implementation of seismic applications. The trend in parallel computing is to increase the number of cores available at the shared-memory level with possible non-uniform cost of memory accesses. The increasing number of cores per processor and the effort made to overcome the limitation of classical symmetric multiprocessors SMP systems make available a growing number of NUMA (Non Uniform Memory Access) architecture as computing node. We therefore need to consider new approaches more suitable to such parallel systems.This PhD work addresses both the algorithmic issues and the integration of efficient programming models for multicore architectures. The proposed contributions are validated with two large scale examples. The first case is the modeling of the 2007 Niigata-Chuetsu, Japan earthquake based on the finite differences numerical method. The second example considers a potential seismic event in the Nice sedimentary basin in the French Riviera. The finite elements method is used and the nonlinear soil behavior is taken into account
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Sid, Lakhdar Mohamed Wissam. "Scaling the solution of large sparse linear systems using multifrontal methods on hybrid shared-distributed memory architectures." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0958/document.
Full textAbstract:
La résolution de systèmes d'équations linéaires creux est au cœur de nombreux domaines d'applications. De même que la quantité de ressources de calcul augmente dans les architectures modernes, offrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives, la taille des problèmes rencontré de nos jours dans les applications de simulations numériques augmente aussi et de façon significative. L'exploitation des architectures modernes pour la résolution efficace de problèmes de très grande taille devient ainsi un défit a relever, aussi bien d'un point de vue théorique que d'un point de vue algorithmique. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'adresser les problèmes de scalabilité des solveurs creux directs basés sur les méthodes multifrontales en environnements parallèles asynchrones. Dans la première partie de la thèse, nous nous intéressons a l'exploitation du parallélisme multicoeur sur les architectures a mémoire partagée. Nous introduisons une variante de l'algorithme Geist-Ng afin de gérer aussi bien un parallélisme a grain fin, a travers l'utilisation de librairies BLAS séquentiel et parallèle optimisées, que d'un parallélisme a plus gros grain, a travers l'utilisation de parallélisme a base de directives OpenMP. Nous considérons aussi des aspects mémoire afin d'améliorer les performances sur des architectures NUMA: (i) d'une part, nous analysons l'influence de la localité mémoire et utilisons des stratégies d'allocation mémoire adaptatives pour gérer les espaces de travail privés et partagés; (ii) d'autre part, nous nous intéressons au problème de partages de ressources sur les architectures multicoeurs, qui induisent des pénalités en termes de performances. Enfin, afin d'éviter que des ressources ne reste inertes a la fin de l'exécution de leurs taches, et ainsi, afin d'exploiter au mieux les ressources disponibles, nous proposons un algorithme conceptuellement proche de l'approche dite de vol de travail, et qui consiste a assigner les ressources de calculs inactives au taches de travail actives de façon dynamique. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux architectures hybrides, a base de mémoire partagées et de mémoire distribuées, pour lesquels un travail particulier est nécessaire afin d'améliorer la scalabilité du traitement de problèmes de grande taille. Nous étudions et optimisons tout d'abord les noyaux d'algèbre linéaire danse utilisé dans les méthodes multifrontales en environnent distribué asynchrone, en repensant les variantes right-looking et left-looking de la factorisation LU avec pivotage partiel dans notre contexte distribué. De plus, du fait du parallélisme multicoeurs, la proportion des communications relativement aux calculs et plus importante. Nous expliquons comment construire des algorithmes de mapping qui minimisent les communications entres nœuds de l'arbre de dépendances de la méthode multifrontale. Nous montrons aussi que les communications asynchrones collectives deviennent christiques sur grand nombres de processeurs, et que les broadcasts asynchrones a base d'arbres de broadcast doivent être utilisés. Nous montrons ensuite que dans un contexte multifrontale complètement asynchrone, où plusieurs instances de tels communications ont lieux, de nouveaux problèmes de synchronisation apparaissent. Nous analysons et caractérisons les situations de deadlock possibles et établissons formellement des propriétés générales simples afin de résoudre ces problèmes de deadlock. Nous établissons par la suite des propriétés nous permettant de relâcher les synchronisations induites par la solutions précédentes, et ainsi, d'améliorer les performances. Enfin, nous montrons que les synchronisations peuvent être relâchées dans un solveur creux danse et illustrons les gains en performances, sur des problèmes de grande taille issue d'applications réelles, dans notre environnement multifrontale complètement asynchroneThe solution of sparse systems of linear equations is at the heart of numerous applicationfields. While the amount of computational resources in modern architectures increases and offersnew perspectives, the size of the problems arising in today’s numerical simulation applicationsalso grows very much. Exploiting modern architectures to solve very large problems efficiently isthus a challenge, from both a theoretical and an algorithmic point of view. The aim of this thesisis to address the scalability of sparse direct solvers based on multifrontal methods in parallelasynchronous environments.In the first part of this thesis, we focus on exploiting multi-threaded parallelism on sharedmemoryarchitectures. A variant of the Geist-Ng algorithm is introduced to handle both finegrain parallelism through the use of optimized sequential and multi-threaded BLAS libraries andcoarser grain parallelism through explicit OpenMP based parallelization. Memory aspects arethen considered to further improve performance on NUMA architectures: (i) on the one hand,we analyse the influence of memory locality and exploit adaptive memory allocation strategiesto manage private and shared workspaces; (ii) on the other hand, resource sharing on multicoreprocessors induces performance penalties when many cores are active (machine load effects) thatwe also consider. Finally, in order to avoid resources remaining idle when they have finishedtheir share of the work, and thus, to efficiently exploit all computational resources available, wepropose an algorithm wich is conceptually very close to the work-stealing approach and whichconsists in dynamically assigning idle cores to busy threads/activities.In the second part of this thesis, we target hybrid shared-distributed memory architectures,for which specific work to improve scalability is needed when processing large problems. We firststudy and optimize the dense linear algebra kernels used in distributed asynchronous multifrontalmethods. Simulation, experimentation and profiling have been performed to tune parameterscontrolling the algorithm, in correlation with problem size and computer architecture characteristics.To do so, right-looking and left-looking variants of the LU factorization with partialpivoting in our distributed context have been revisited. Furthermore, when computations are acceleratedwith multiple cores, the relative weight of communication with respect to computationis higher. We explain how to design mapping algorithms minimizing the communication betweennodes of the dependency tree of the multifrontal method, and show that collective asynchronouscommunications become critical on large numbers of processors. We explain why asynchronousbroadcasts using standard tree-based communication algorithms must be used. We then showthat, in a fully asynchronous multifrontal context where several such asynchronous communicationtrees coexist, new synchronization issues must be addressed. We analyse and characterizethe possible deadlock situations and formally establish simple global properties to handle deadlocks.Such properties partially force synchronization and may limit performance. Hence, wedefine properties which enable us to relax synchronization and thus improve performance. Ourapproach is based on the observation that, in our case, as long as memory is available, deadlockscannot occur and, consequently, we just need to keep enough memory to guarantee thata deadlock can always be avoided. Finally, we show that synchronizations can be relaxed in astate-of-the-art solver and illustrate the performance gains on large real problems in our fullyasynchronous multifrontal approach
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Faverge, Mathieu. "Ordonnancement hybride statique-dynamique en algèbre linéaire creuse pour de grands clusters de machines NUMA et multi-coeurs." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13922/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les nouvelles architectures de calcul intensif intègrent de plus en plus de microprocesseurs qui eux-mêmes intègrent un nombre croissant de cœurs de calcul. Cette multiplication des unités de calcul dans les architectures ont fait apparaître des topologies fortement hiérarchiques. Ces architectures sont dites NUMA. Les algorithmes de simulation numérique et les solveurs de systèmes linéaires qui en sont une brique de base doivent s'adapter à ces nouvelles architectures dont les accès mémoire sont dissymétriques. Nous proposons dans cette thèse d'introduire un ordonnancement dynamique adapté aux architectures NUMA dans le solveur PaStiX. Les structures de données du solveur, ainsi que les schémas de communication ont dû être modifiés pour répondre aux besoins de ces architectures et de l'ordonnancement dynamique. Nous nous sommes également intéressés à l'adaptation dynamique du grain de calcul pour exploiter au mieux les architectures multi-cœurs et la mémoire partagée. Ces développements sont ensuite validés sur un ensemble de cas tests sur différentes architecturesNew supercomputers incorporate many microprocessors which include themselves one or many computational cores. These new architectures induce strongly hierarchical topologies. These are called NUMA architectures. Sparse direct solvers are a basic building block of many numerical simulation algorithms. They need to be adapted to these new architectures with Non Uniform Memory Accesses. We propose to introduce a dynamic scheduling designed for NUMA architectures in the PaStiX solver. The data structures of the solver, as well as the patterns of communication have been modified to meet the needs of these architectures and dynamic scheduling. We are also interested in the dynamic adaptation of the computation grain to use efficiently multi-core architectures and shared memory. Experiments on several numerical test cases will be presented to prove the efficiency of the approach on different architectures
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Estrela, João. "Implementação de técnicas de Eficiência Energética numa Unidade da Força Aérea." Master's thesis, Academia da Força Aérea, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/11658.
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Kyriazis, George. "THE ENDOCYTIC PROTEIN NUMB REGULATES APP METABOLISM AND NOTCH SIGNALING: IMPLICATIONS FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3737.
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Increased production of amyloid beta (A-beta) peptide, via altered proteolytic cleavage of amyloid protein precursor (APP), and abnormalities in neuronal calcium homeostasis play central roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Notch1, a membrane receptor that controls cell fate decisions during development of the nervous system, has been linked to AD because it is a substrate for the gamma-secretase protein complex in which mutations cause early-onset inherited AD. Numb is an evolutionarily conserved endocytic adapter involved in the internalization of transmembrane receptors. Mammals produce four Numb isoforms that differ in two functional domains, a phosphotyrosine-binding domain (PTB) and a proline-rich region (PRR). Recent studies showed that the PTB domain of Numb interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of APP and Notch but the functional relevance of these interactions with respect to AD pathogenesis is not clear. In the current studies, we proposed to investigate the biological consequences of the interaction of the Numb proteins with APP and Notch in neural cells stably overexpressing each of the four human Numb proteins. In the first part of our studies, we found that expression of the Numb isoforms lacking the insert in the PTB (SPTB-Numb) caused the abnormal accumulation of cellular APP in the early endosomes, and increased the levels of C-terminal APP fragments and A-beta. By contrast, expression of the Numb isoforms with the insert in PTB (LPTB-Numb) leads to the depletion of cellular APP and coincides with significantly lower production of APP derivatives and A-beta. The contrasting effects of the Numb isoforms on APP metabolism were not attributed to differences in the expression of APP nor the activities of the various APP-processing secretases. In the second part of our studies, we found that expression of SPTB-Numb protein enhances neuronal vulnerability to serum deprivation-induced cell death by a mechanism involving the dysregulation of cellular calcium homeostasis. Neural cells expressing SPTB-Numb exhibited enhanced Notch activity, which markedly upregulated the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channels enhancing calcium entry in response to store depletion. We also found that serum deprivation increased TRPC6 expression, mediating the serum deprivation-induced death in neural cells. Interestingly, expression of LPTB-Numb protein suppressed serum deprivation-induced activation of Notch and the subsequent upregulation of TRPC6 and cell death. Finally, we showed that the Numb proteins differentially impact Notch activation by altering the endocytic trafficking and processing of Notch. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that aberrant expression of the Numb proteins may influence APP metabolism and Notch-mediated cellular responses to injury by altering their endocytic trafficking and processing.Ph.D.
Department of Biomolecular Science
Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences
Biomedical Sciences PhD
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Clet-Ortega, Jérôme. "Exploitation efficace des architectures parallèles de type grappes de NUMA à l’aide de modèles hybrides de programmation." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14514/document.
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Les systèmes de calcul actuels sont généralement des grappes de machines composés de nombreux processeurs à l'architecture fortement hiérarchique. Leur exploitation constitue le défi majeur des implémentations de modèles de programmation tels MPI ou OpenMP. Une pratique courante consiste à mélanger ces deux modèles pour bénéficier des avantages de chacun. Cependant ces modèles n'ont pas été pensés pour fonctionner conjointement ce qui pose des problèmes de performances. Les travaux de cette thèse visent à assister le développeur dans la programmation d'application de type hybride. Il s'appuient sur une analyse de la hiérarchie architecturale du système de calcul pour dimensionner les ressources d'exécution (processus et threads). Plutôt qu'une approche hybride classique, créant un processus MPI multithreadé par noeud, nous évaluons de façon automatique des solutions alternatives, avec plusieurs processus multithreadés par noeud, mieux adaptées aux machines de calcul modernesModern computing servers usually consist in clusters of computers with several multi-core CPUs featuring a highly hierarchical hardware design. The major challenge of the programming models implementations is to efficiently take benefit from these servers. Combining two type of models, like MPI and OpenMP, is a current trend to reach this point. However these programming models haven't been designed to work together and that leads to performance issues. In this thesis, we propose to assist the programmer who develop hybrid applications. We lean on an analysis of the computing system architecture in order to set the number of processes and threads. Rather than a classical hybrid approach, that is to say creating one multithreaded MPI process per node, we automatically evaluate alternative solutions, with several multithreaded processes per node, better fitted to modern computing systems
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Didelot, Sylvain. "Improving memory consumption and performance scalability of HPC applications with multi-threaded network communications." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS0029/document.
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La tendance en HPC est à l'accroissement du nombre de coeurs par noeud de calcul pour une quantité totale de mémoire par noeud constante. A large échelle, l'un des principaux défis pour les applications parallèles est de garder une faible consommation mémoire. Cette thèse présente une couche de communication multi-threadée sur Infiniband, laquelle fournie de bonnes performances et une faible consommation mémoire. Nous ciblons les applications scientifiques parallélisées grâce à la bibliothèque MPI ou bien combinées avec un modèle de programmation en mémoire partagée. En partant du constat que le nombre de connexions réseau et de buffers de communication est critique pour la mise à l'échelle des bibliothèques MPI, la première contribution propose trois approches afin de contrôler leur utilisation. Nous présentons une topologie virtuelle extensible et entièrement connectée pour réseaux rapides orientés connexion. Dans un contexte agrégeant plusieurs cartes permettant d'ajuster dynamiquement la configuration des buffers réseau utilisant la technologie RDMA. La seconde contribution propose une optimisation qui renforce le potentiel d'asynchronisme des applications MPI, laquelle montre une accélération de deux des communications. La troisième contribution évalue les performances de plusieurs bibliothèques MPI exécutant une application de modélisation sismique en contexte hybride. Les expériences sur des noeuds de calcul jusqu'à 128 coeurs montrent une économie de 17 % sur la mémoire. De plus, notre couche de communication multi-threadée réduit le temps d'exécution dans le cas où plusieurs threads OpenMP participent simultanément aux communications MPIA recent trend in high performance computing shows a rising number of cores per compute node, while the total amount of memory per compute node remains constant. To scale parallel applications on such large machines, one of the major challenges is to keep a low memory consumption. This thesis develops a multi-threaded communication layer over Infiniband which provides both good performance of communications and a low memory consumption. We target scientific applications parallelized using the MPI standard in pure mode or combined with a shared memory programming model. Starting with the observation that network endpoints and communication buffers are critical for the scalability of MPI runtimes, the first contribution proposes three approaches to control their usage. We introduce a scalable and fully-connected virtual topology for connection-oriented high-speed networks. In the context of multirail configurations, we then detail a runtime technique which reduces the number of network connections. We finally present a protocol for dynamically resizing network buffers over the RDMA technology. The second contribution proposes a runtime optimization to enforce the overlap potential of MPI communications, showing a 2x improvement factor on communications. The third contribution evaluates the performance of several MPI runtimes running a seismic modeling application in a hybrid context. On large compute nodes up to 128 cores, the introduction of OpenMP in the MPI application saves up to 17 % of memory. Moreover, we show a performance improvement with our multi-threaded communication layer where the OpenMP threads concurrently participate to the MPI communications
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Monteiro, Florbela Martins. "Controlo interno numa IPSS." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Tomar, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6569.
Full textAbstract:
A evolução das estruturas de apoio social levou a que as IPSS passassem a assumir um
papel crucial no seio da sociedade portuguesa atual.
Este trabalho de projeto visa abordar o controlo interno no quadro específico das
instituições sem fins lucrativos, cuja missão faz apelo a uma estrutura organizativa e de
controlo interno que, apoiando-se nos princípios gerais aplicáveis a qualquer domínio de
atividade, em particular, ao setor empresarial, comportam aspetos diferenciados. Com
efeito, estas instituições não estão orientadas para o lucro e deparam-se com contínuas e
crescentes restrições orçamentais, que as obrigam a lutar todos os dias para continuar a
oferecer um serviço de qualidade aos seus utentes.
Neste contexto, o trabalho começa por fazer um enquadramento dos principais aspetos
relacionados com os objetivos e o funcionamento dos sistemas de controlo interno em
geral, passando-se a uma aplicação dos conceitos à realidade concreta da Santa Casa de
Misericórdia de Gavião.
Para tal, foi efetuado o levantamento do sistema em vigor naquela instituição e fez-se a sua
avaliação à luz das melhores práticas que entendemos serem ali aplicáveis. Em resultado
desse trabalho, formularam-se diversas recomendações de melhoria.
Espera-se que este trabalho constitua um ponto de partida para futuras etapas de melhoria
do funcionamento do sistema de controlo interno da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Gavião,
tornando-se cada vez mais um instrumento de apoio ao atingimento dos objetivos da
organização.
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Martins, Jose Arthur. "Polimero numa rede unidimensional." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1994. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/76032.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias Fisicas e MatematicasMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-16T06:44:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T19:13:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 97849.pdf: 1076846 bytes, checksum: 52cf48fe38bae28537d4ab9fd88b8593 (MD5)
Consideramos um modelo para um polímero dirigido numa rede unidimensiol da largura 2, com interações atrativas entre monômeros que ocupam sítios primeiros vizinhos na rede sem serem consecutivos ao longo da cadeia. Mostramos que este modelo pode ser mapeado no modelo de Ising unidimensional com interações de primeiros e segundos vizinhos. Analisamos o comportamento cinético do modelo na região do diagrama de fases em que o estado fundamental não apresenta frustação a partir de uma hipótese do tipo Glauber para a evolução temporal das configurações do modelo. Para desacoplar as equações de evolução temporal do modelo, recorremos à aproximação de pares. Nesta aproximação mostramos que o valor do expoente crítico dinâmico apresenta uma dependência da razão das intensidades das interações entre spins segundos e primeiros vizinhos.
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Casadinho, Anabela Gertrudes Vaqueirinho Bilro. "Um estudo numa IPSS." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/12230.
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Atualmente, o sucesso das organizações está dependente em grande parte do potencial humano lá existente, ou seja, são esperados resultados mais positivos quando existem ambientes saudáveis de participação, colaboração e cooperação.
Este estudo foi inicialmente pensado para investigar o problema das relações com o trabalho em contexto organizacional. A hipótese considerada, é de existirem diferentes modos de relação com o trabalho e que esta se articula com as pertenças sociais. Desta forma, o objeto de estudo irá incidir fundamentalmente sobre uma problemática muito atual, “a ausência de cooperação nas organizações”.
No essencial, o estudo propõe identificar as causas incitadoras da ausência de comportamentos cooperativos na organização. Identificadas e sistematizadas essas causas, procura-se criar uma tipologia de modos de relação com o trabalho, ou seja, identificar o tipo de relações que os atores da organização estabelecem com o trabalho; The Relationships with work – a case study
Abstract:
Currently, the success of organizations depends largely on the human potential there is, more positive results will be expected when there are healthy environments for participation, collaboration and cooperation.
The study was initially thought to investigate the problem of relations with work in the organizational context. The working hypothesis is that there are different ways of relating to the work and that this is linked to the social affiliations. Thus, the object of study will focus primarily on an subject very current, “the absence of cooperation in organizations.”
Overall, the study proposes to identify the causes instigators of absence of cooperative behaviors in the organization. After identified and systematized theses causes, the thesis seeks to create a typology of modes of relation to work, identify the type of relationships that actors have with the organization’s work.
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Dinis, Pedro Daniel Oliveira. "Empreendedorismo : estagiar numa startup." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/30121.
Full textAbstract:
Relatório de estágio do mestrado em Gestão, apresentado à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Arnaldo Coelho e Pedro Girão.O empreendedorismo é um tema cada vez mais comum. Este fenómeno, se é que lhe posso dar esse nome, tem vindo a crescer exponencialmente nos últimos tempos. Hoje em dia, grande parte dos jovens sonha em criar a sua própria empresa ou criar algo inovador, tornando-se assim empreendedores. Confesso que eu próprio partilho esse mesmo sonho. No decorrer do meu estágio na Dascat Software, entre o mês de Fevereiro de Junho de 2015, tive a possibilidade de trabalhar no desenvolvimento de um projeto empreendedor, podendo assim conhecer de perto a realidade de quem tenta transformar uma ideia em algo concreto, dando início a uma nova empresa. Como tal, este relatório pretende dar a conhecer essa minha experiência dentro da Dascat e a minha perspetiva sobre o empreendedorismo e sobre a ação empreendedora. Para isso, decidi abordar a temática do empreendedorismo e demonstrar os principais influenciadores da ação empreendedora e os requisitos para que essa ação seja bem-sucedida.
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Constantino, Tânia Cristina Letras. "Assédio moral numa estrutura autárquica." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/4599.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no TrabalhoO nosso estudo teve como objectivo avaliar a existência, intensidade e frequência de condutas de assédio moral, bem como suas consequências nos trabalhadores que desenvolvem as suas actividades numa Estrutura Autárquica situada na Margem Sul do Tejo. A amostra produtora de dados é constituída por 100 indivíduos, dos quais 42% são do género masculino e 51% do género feminino. Os dados foram recolhidos em dois momentos o primeiro através do Questionário sobre Assédio Moral (QAM) e o segundo momento através de uma entrevista efectuada a alguns responsáveis da autarquia. Os dados obtidos revelam a existência, em percentagens pouco expressivas, de diversos tipos de ataques: laborais ao nível da distribuição de tarefas e das condições de trabalho, bem como criticas insidiosas sobre as actividades profissionais das vitimas; às relações sociais durante as actividades de trabalho, através de isolamento, desconsideração pessoal e ofensas à vida privada; à saúde mental; ataques físicos; verbais, quer explícitos, quer implícitos; raciais; religiosos e políticos, e ainda de natureza sexual. Foram identificadas as direcções do assédio, bem como o tempo de duração e os apoios recebidos. Neste trabalho, procurámos ainda identificar os efeitos nas vítimas e o modo como lidam com a situação, como também apresentamos a leitura de alguns responsáveis da autarquia sobre esta problemática.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intensity, frequency of the moral harassment conducts, as well as to its consequences in workers that carry their activities in an autarchy structure, in the south shore of the Tejo's River. The data's productive specimen is constituted by 100 individuals, 42% male and 51% females. The data were collected between two periods: the 1st one was gathered through a questionnaire concerning the moral harassment (QAM); while the 2nd period was gathered through an interview with the top representatives of the autarchy. The data reached revealed, in percentages not that significant, several types of assaults: in the working matter, the sieges happened during the distribution of chores as well as in the condition of work, with insidious criticism around the professional activities of the victims; another kind of assault were over social relations during work, through seclusion, personal slight and offenses of their personal life; other attacks to their mental health, physical, verbal (whether explicit or implicit), racial, religious or politics, and as to their sexual nature. We identify the types of harassment, as well as the duration and supports received by the victims. In this written work, we sought the effects in victims and how they deal with it, presenting some reading material concerning this problem provided by the top responsible of the autarchy.
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Pereira, Antonieta Eugénia Sá. "Avaliação Patrimonial numa Perspectiva Fiscal." Dissertação, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/45442.
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Rocha, Idorindo Vasconcelos da. "O carvão numa economia nacional." Dissertação, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 1997. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000059727.
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Demonstra-se que a corrida às minas verificada em Portugal a partir da 2ª metade do séc. XIX é o efeito da corrente industrializadora que via na exploração das riquezas do subsolo uma alavanca de desenvolvimento económico e de progresso industrial desmistificando-se ainda o conceito tido sobre as riquezas do subsolo. Problematizam-se as grandes questões jurídicas subjacentes à produção de legislação adequada e necessária ao fomento mineiro. Integra-se a importância do carvão nos contextos industriais dos séculos XIX e XX, particularizando-se o caso das minas de Pejão, na Bacia Carbonífera do Douro.
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Cardoso, Aparecida. "Gestão participativa numa escola comunitaria." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/253805.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Jose Camilo dos Santos FilhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T12:26:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cardoso_Aparecida_M.pdf: 4463262 bytes, checksum: b8ccb68daabce1edc4aad71a03ef93be (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995
Resumo: O trabalho procura analisar a participação dos pais, professores, alunos e funcionários de uma escola comunitária, com base na representatividade e não representatividade dos membros do Conselho Comunitário. Esta análise baseia-se num (levantamento das opiniões dessas pessoas envolvidas na escola a respeito do que acontece na realidade quanto à gestão participativa. As escolas comunitárias e/ou cooperativas surgem para contestar os pacotes educacionais do regime autoritário e para o desenvolvimento de uma forma de trabalho na escola. As tentativas dessas experiências de gestão participativa, apesar de limitadas e isoladas, vêm se intensificando. Numa perspectiva de escola comunitária têm-se como ponto central o trabalho cooperativo das pessoas envolvidas no processo escolar. Existem também certos valores como articulação, co-manutenção, co-gestão que necessitam ser relevantes durante o processo do trabalho e que muitas vezes na prática do dia a dia aparecem de forma ambígua o desenvolvimento do trabalho procura mostrar que para superar a prática individualista no interior da escola, é necessário uma proposta de trabalho que atenda as necessidades do coletivo. E para a realização deste trabalho coletivo é preciso uma maior conscientização da importância e da necessidade da participação das pessoas no processo educativo. A proposta do trabalho de gestão participativa constitui numa superação da forma de trabalho individualista para buscar a forma de trabalho cooperativo e solidário, ampliando os espaços de participação como também o de dar oportunidade às pessoas para que possam co-responsavelmente conquistar e ocupar seus espaços nas tomadas de decisões dentro da escola
Mestrado
Administração e Supervisão Educacional
Mestre em Educação
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Pereira, Antonieta Eugénia Sá. "Avaliação Patrimonial numa Perspectiva Fiscal." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/45442.
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Rocha, Idorindo Vasconcelos da. "O carvão numa economia nacional." Master's thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/19423.
Full textAbstract:
Demonstra-se que a corrida às minas verificada em Portugal a partir da 2ª metade do séc. XIX é o efeito da corrente industrializadora que via na exploração das riquezas do subsolo uma alavanca de desenvolvimento económico e de progresso industrial desmistificando-se ainda o conceito tido sobre as riquezas do subsolo. Problematizam-se as grandes questões jurídicas subjacentes à produção de legislação adequada e necessária ao fomento mineiro. Integra-se a importância do carvão nos contextos industriais dos séculos XIX e XX, particularizando-se o caso das minas de Pejão, na Bacia Carbonífera do Douro.
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Anastácio, Inês Rosário. "As relações públicas numa empresa." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/29686.
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Relatório de estágio em Gestão, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Filipe Coelho e Susana Boavida.As Relações Públicas são, cada vez mais, um meio para as empresas progredirem e serem bem sucedidas. O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar como o trabalho de Relações Públicas pode integrar a estratégia de uma organização de modo a contribuir para o posicionamento estratégico que esta pretende. Uma vez que se trata de um Relatório de Estágio, o presente trabalho integra a descrição da entidade onde foi realizado, a Active Space Technologies, S.A.. É na integração destes dois conceitos – as Relações Públicas e a organização - que nasce o tema e a finalidade deste relatório. Assim, procura-se compreender o propósito do trabalho de Relações Públicas, as suas contribuições, assim como, a sua inserção estratégica no contexto organizacional. Ainda neste contexto, é possível demonstrar a pertinência dos conceitos teóricos após a aplicação das teorias expostas na implementação de um projeto de Relações Públicas. No âmbito deste trabalho, foi também identificado um conjunto de aspetos suscetíveis de melhorias. As Relações Públicas, quando consubstanciadas por objetivos estrategicamente definidos possibilitará a criação de uma imagem sólida e credível, boa reputação, levando dessa forma à obtenção de bons resultados organizacionais. Fica ainda a expetativa de que se compreenda a pertinência das Relações Públicas e se veja nesta área uma abordagem capaz de criar valor e sustentabilidade organizacional.
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Franco, João Miguel Vala. "As relações públicas numa organização." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/33192.
Full textAbstract:
Relatório de estágio do mestrado em Gestão, apresentado à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Filipe Coelho e Susana Boavida.Apesar de vivermos no século das tecnologias, as Relações Públicas são, cada vez mais, uma ferramenta chave para o progresso e sucesso das empresas. Ao longo deste relatório será analisado o tema das Relações Públicas e como elas devem fazer parte da estratégia das organizações, para que se possa melhorar o posicionamento estratégico de cada uma. Este documento consiste em um Relatório de Estágio realizado entre 14 de setembro de 2015 e 15 de janeiro de 2016 e deste modo, para além de uma revisão da literatura inclui também a descrição da empresa, a Active Space Technologies, S.A. e das tarefas ai desenvolvidas. Assim, o objetivo deste relatório é precisamente relacionar as Relações Públicas com a Active Space Technologies. Pretende-se entender o propósito do trabalho das Relações Públicas e a sua importância na estratégia organizacional de uma empresa. Pretende-se também analisar os seus conceitos teóricos e aplicá-los na implementação dos projetos desenvolvidos na área das Relações Públicas. Serão também abordados alguns pontos que poderão ser melhorados na prática da empresa. Um dos deveres das Relações Públicas é criar uma boa imagem, sólida e que ofereça credibilidade aos seus públicos, fazendo com que a empresa obtenha melhores resultados organizacionais. Esta é uma área muitas vezes desvalorizada nas organizações e o objetivo deste relatório é tentar mudar essa filosofia.
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Monteiro, Helena Adelaide Dias. "Vulvodinia numa população jovem universitária." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1483.
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Introdução: Vulvodinia foi um termo cunhado pela ISSVD para definir uma dor crónica localizada à vulva, com duração superior a 3 meses, e que pode ser provocada, espontânea ou ambas. Existia a convicção de ser uma entidade rara, no entanto, estudos recentes vieram sugerir uma prevalência que varia de 3 a 18,5% de todas as mulheres, de forma independente da idade. A maioria das mulheres que sofrem desta afeção continuam a ser subdiagnosticadas e por isso tratadas inadequadamente.
Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e fatores epidemiológicos associados à vulvodinia em mulheres jovens.
Metodologia: Investigação transversal de cariz quantitativo descritivo, com componente analítica dos dados. Para a recolha dos dados, um questionário anónimo foi entregue às estudantes que frequentavam o ensino na UBI com idades compreendidas entre os 17 e os 28 anos, selecionadas através de um método não probabilístico. O questionário foi constituído por três secções: 1) dados sociodemográficos, 2) antecedentes ginecológicos, obstétricos e sexuais e 3) dor vulvar. Os dados foram analisados no Microsoft Excel® 2007 e SPSS® - versão 20 para o Windows® e consideraram-se significativos para um p<0,05. Recorreu-se ao teste de independência do Qui-quadrado para analisar as relações entre as variáveis.
Resultados: Do total de questionários considerados válidos (n=752), 312 mulheres (41,5%) relataram queixa de dor na vulva ou na vagina em algum momento da sua vida, 68 mulheres (9%) referiram dor no momento da aplicação do questionário mas apenas 41 inquiridas (5,5%) preenchiam critérios de vulvodinia.
A presença de vulvodinia mostrou ter um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida e na atividade sexual das inquiridas (p<0,05). No entanto, das jovens que afirmaram sentir dor à data da realização do inquérito (n=68), apenas 23 (34%) referiram já ter procurado ajuda médica, e 5 (7,4%) consultaram dois ou mais médicos.
Conclusões: Na nossa série de mulheres jovens, estimámos a prevalência de vulvodinia em 5,5%.Introduction: Vulvodynia is the terminology used by ISSVD to define a chronic pain disorder located in the vulvar area, with more than 3 months length that could be described as provoked, unprovoked or both. Although previously thought to be rare, recent studies suggest an estimated prevalence of 3 to 18,5% of women of all ages. The majority of women who suffer from vulvodynia continue to be underdiagnosed and so improperly treated. Aim: To determine the prevalence and epidemiologic factors associated to vulvodynia in young women. Methods: Cross-sectional research, drafted in a quantitative descriptive caraway with analytical component of data. To collect data, an anonymous questionnaire was handed out to UBI students with ages between 17 and 28 years, selected by a non probabilistic sampling. The questionnaire was divided in three sections: 1) socio-demographic data, 2) obstetrics, gynecology and sexual background and 3) vulvar pain. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel® 2007 and SPSS® - version 20 for Windows® and were considered significant at p<0,05. We resorted to the test of independence Chi-square to analyze the relationships between variables. Results: From the total of validated questionnaires (n=752), 312 of the women (41,5%) reported vulvar pain complains in some point of their life, 68 of the women (9%) reported vulvar pain at the time of the questionnaire application but only 41 (5,5%) of the surveyed meet vulvodynia’s criteria. The presence of vulvodynia has shown a significant impact on the quality of life and the sexual activity of the surveyed (p<0,05). However, from the women who refer pain at the time of the questionnaire filling (n=68) only 23 (34%) women reported having sought medical care and 5 (7,4%) had consulted two or more clinicians. Conclusion: In our group of young women, we estimated the prevalence of vulvodynia in 5.5%.
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Rodrigues, Cláudia Raquel Laurêncio. "Intervenção psicomotora numa comunidade terapêutica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31709.
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O presente documento descreve a experiência adquirida no âmbito do trabalho desenvolvido em contexto de estágio do Mestrado em Psicomotricidade da Universidade de Évora, na Fundação Romão de Sousa, mais concretamente, na Casa de Alba – Comunidade Terapêutica em Saúde Mental. O estágio decorreu de outubro de 2018 a abril de 2019.
Houve um breve período de observação da prática psicomotora na Casa de Alba realizada pela psicomotricista residente. A integração da estagiária na Comunidade Terapêutica foi realizada no primeiro dia, inclusivamente nas rotinas da mesma. Foi possível participar num vasto conjunto de tarefas destacadas a toda a equipa clínica, onde se inclui também a atividade profissional do psicomotricista junto de pessoas com experiência de doença mental, que vai muito além da dinamização de sessões de psicomotricidade em diferentes contextos.
Assim, pretende-se que este relatório seja um contributo para uma maior compreensão da prática psicomotora junto desta população em particular, adultos com perturbações mentais graves, com enfoque no espetro das psicoses e perturbações da personalidade; ABSTRACT:
Psychomotor Intervention in a Therapeutic Community -
This document reports the experience of an internship at Casa Alba - Therapeutic Community in Mental Health (Romão de Sousa Foundation), as part of the master's degree Program in Psychomotricity of University of Évora. The internship happened between October of 2018 and April of 2019.
The internship began with a brief observation period of the psychomotor intervention at Casa de Alba realized by the resident psychomotor therapist. The intern was integrated on the routines of the Therapeutical Community since the first of the internship. It was possible to participate in various activities carried out by the entire clinical team, including the professional activity of the psychomotor therapist, which goes far beyond the dynamization of psychomotricity sessions.
Thus, it is intended that this report contributes towards enabling a greater understanding of psychomotor practice among adults with severe mental disorders, focusing on the spectrum of psychoses and personality disorders.
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Hernández, Ribera Jordi 1988. "Regulation of NUMB alternative splicing by RBM10 and control of cancer cell proliferation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458766.
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Alternative pre-mRNA splicing of the Notch regulator NUMB exon 9 switches between isoforms that promote (exon inclusion) or prevent (exon skipping) cell proliferation. We have studied NUMB alternative splicing regulation by RBM10, an RNA binding protein frequently utated in lung adenocarcinomas. The study of cancer-associated BM10 variants revealed domains and residues important for RBM10 function. Structure-function analysis identified residues in RRM2
that, without compromising RNA binding, fail to regulate NUMB exon 9. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses revealed interactors that include U2 snRNP and PRP19 spliceosomal components, allowing us to propose a mechanism for 3' splice site repression by RBM10.L’empalmament alternatiu del pre-mARN de NUMB, un regulador de Notch, varia entre dos isoformes que promouen (inclusió de l’exó 9) o prevenen (salt de l’exó 9) la proliferació cel•lular. Hem estudiat la regulació de l’empalmament alternatiu de NUMB controlada per RBM10, una proteïna d’unió al ARN freqüentment mutada en càncer de pulmó. L’estudi de variants d’RBM10 associades a càncer revela dominis i residus importants per a la funció de RBM10. Mitjançant anàlisis estructurals i funcionals hem identificat residus al RRM2 que, quan mutats, no comprometen la unió al ARN però són incapaços d’alterar la regulació de l’exó 9 de NUMB. Anàlisis de co-immunoprecipitació i espectrometria de masses assenyalen interactors que inclouen U2 snRNP i PRP19 que ens permeten proposar un mecanisme de repressió del lloc d’empalmament al 3’ reprimit per RBM10.