Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nuclear Structure, Gamma Spectroscopy, Nuclear Physics'
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Richard, Andrea L. "Spectroscopy of the A = 33 Isobars in the Island of Inversion." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1519055652016583.
Full textSöderström, Pär-Anders. "Collective Structure of Neutron-Rich Rare-Earth Nuclei and Development of Instrumentation for Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kärnfysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-149772.
Full textAnsari, Saba. "Shape evolution in neutron-rich Zr, Mo and Ru isotopes around mass A=100." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS384/document.
Full textThe shape of an atomic nucleus, ie. the deviation of its mass distribution from sphericity, is a fundamental property and governed by a delicate interplay of macroscopic and microscopic effects, such as the liquid-drop like binding energy and the nuclear shell structure, respectively. Studying nuclear shape properties using gamma ray spectroscopic methods allows detailed tests of different nuclear models, which were originally developed for stable nuclei. We proposed a project to study the evolution of nuclear shapes in exotic nuclei, far from the valley of stability, specifically in neutron-rich nuclei in the isotopic chains from Zr (Z=40) to Pd (Z=46). Usually, nuclear shapes are slowly evolving from spherical shapes around closed-shell or (doubly-) magic nuclei to elongated (prolate) shapes in nuclei with many valence nucleons. The nuclei of interest, however, show rapidly evolving patterns of excited states, which can be interpreted as rapid variations of the nuclear shape, including the rare observation of oblate (disk-like) and triaxial shapes. So far the known properties for these nuclei are (mainly) limited to excitation energies. Information on the nuclear collectivity, which can be deduced from the lifetime of the excited states, are sparse, while direct information of the shape is practically non existing. The simplest estimate of nuclear deformation in even-even nuclei can be obtained from the energy of the first 2⁺ state. For Sr (Z = 38) and Zr (Z = 40) isotopes this energy is observed to decrease dramatically at N = 60, while its evolution is much more gradual in Mo nuclei (Z = 42). Precise lifetime measurements provide a key ingredient in the systematic study of the evolution of nuclear deformation and the degree of collectivity in this region. Neutron-rich nuclei in the mass region of A = 100-120 were populated through the fusion-fission reaction of a ²³⁸U beam at 6.2 MeV/u on a ⁹Be target. The compound nucleus ²⁴⁷Cm was produced at an excitation energy of around 45 MeV before undergoing fission. The setup used for this study comprised the high-resolution mass spectrometer VAMOS in order to identify the nuclei in Z and A, the Advanced gamma ray Tracking Array AGATA of 35 germanium detectors to perform gamma ray spectroscopy, as well as a plunger mechanism to measure lifetimes down to a few ps using the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift method (RDDS). In addition, the target was surrounded by 24 Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr₃) detectors for a fast-timing measurement of lifetimes longer than 100 ps. The sophisticated set of spectrometers used in this experiment allowed measurement of nuclear lifetimes in a range from 100’s of picoseconds down to a few picoseconds. In this thesis, we will report on new lifetime results for short-lived states in neutron-rich (A ~ 100) nuclei, with an emphasis on the Zr, Mo and Ru chains. We will discuss the experimental techniques used to evaluate the lifetimes as well as their interpretation in terms of state-of-the-art nuclear structure models
Crespi, F. C. L. "HPGe segmented detectors in γ-ray spectroscopy experiments with exotic beams." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/59487.
Full textGengelbach, Aila. "Collectivity in Neutron-Rich Erbium Isotopes." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kärnfysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-442208.
Full textSotty, Christophe. "Study of the nuclear structure far from stability : Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Rb isotopes around N=60; Production of nuclear spin polarized beams using the Tilted Foils technique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923003.
Full textDoan, Quang Tuyen. "Recherche de la symétrie tétraédrique dans le noyau 156Gd par spectroscopie γ." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561660.
Full textLopez-Martens, Araceli. "Structure Nucléaire aux Extrêmes de Déformation et de Charge." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460473.
Full textDoan, Quang Tuyen. "Recherche de la symétrie tétraédrique dans le noyau $^{156}$Gd par spectroscopie gamma." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467280.
Full textGelin, Marie. "Spectroscopie $\gamma$ des noyaux riches en neutrons autour de N=20." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00193046.
Full textLes noyaux suivants ont été étudiés: $^{28}$Ne, $^{30-32}$Mg, $^{31-34}$Al, $^{33-35}$Si, $^{35}$P. De nouvelles transitions ont été observées. Les distributions angulaires de rayonnements $\gamma$ ainsi que les les corrélations angulaires $\gamma$-$\gamma$ ont pu être mesurées pour certaines transitions. Une attribution des spins et parités de certains états a ainsi été proposée. En particulier, l'assignation de l'état $3^-$ dans le $^{34}$Si est confirmée et un candidat est proposé pour le second état $0^+$, correspondant à la configuration déformée. Dans le $^{32}$Mg, l'état à 2.321 MeV, pour lequel des attributions contradictioires existent, est vraisemblablement un $4^+$, et nous proposons un candidat pour un état $6^+$.
Stanoiu, Mihai-Alexandru. "Spectroscopie gamma en ligne de noyaux légers riches en neutrons produits par fragmentation de faisceau radioactif et mesures de temps de vie des niveaux excités dans les noyaux proches de $^(68)$Ni." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002775.
Full textDans la deuxième partie, une expérience concernant les noyaux isomères riches en neutrons autour de 68Ni produits par le spectromètre LISE est présentée. C'est la première fois que la méthode "fast timing" est appliquée à l'étude des noyaux produits par la fragmentation du projectile. Des temps de vie entre quelques dizaines de picosecondes et quelques nanosecondes ont été mesurés avec une grande précision pour plusieurs niveaux dans les noyaux 67,69,90Ni et 71,72Cu. Ces résultats ont permis de vérifier les prédictions du modèle en couches pour plusieurs transitions de type E2 et leurs probabilités de transitions B(E2) associées.
Vancraeyenest, Aurélie. "Résultats et simulation en spectroscopie γ des noyaux déformés : cas des noyaux isomériques et tétraédriques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639798.
Full textEscudeiro, Rafael. "Vida-média do estado isomérico 7(-) do núcleo ímpar-ímpar 68Ga." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-23052018-154050/.
Full textIsomeric nuclear states are nuclear states which decay with long lifetimes (T1/2 > 10 ns); their study generally reveals, a large change in angular momentum in its decay, a small matrix element or a small transition energy. By measuring lifetimes of isomeric states it is possible to obtain information about this states wave function, being a robust test for nuclear models. In this work, a system developed at the Laboratório Aberto de Fsica Nuclear (LAFN) of University of São Paulo called System for the Measurement of Isomeric States (SISMEI) was utilized. Delayed coincidence between evaporated particles in a nuclear reaction and the delayed gamma-rays emitted from the isomeric state was used to measure lifetimes. SISMEI is composed of plastic scintillators for particle detection, hiperpure germanium detectors (HPGe) and sodium iodide (NaI(Tl)) for gamma-ray detection, coupled to a coincidence system, located on 30A beam line of the Pelletron (8UD) accelerator - LAFN. In the present work, an experiment to measure the 7 (-) (E = 1229.87(4) keV) isomeric state of 68Ga was performed. The experiment took about 80 hours with an event rate of about 80000 counts per second. The measured value was T 1/2 = 60.8(11) ns, which is compatible, but more accurate, with experimental results of other authors. The nuclear structure of this nucleus was calculated with the Large Scale Shell Model by using two different residual interactions FPG and JUN45; the results were compared with the known values. The structure calculated with LSSM described the energy states and the order of excited states relatively well; the FPG interaction was capable to describe better the quadrupolar electrical transition probability B(E2), which is direct related to predicting the state lifetime.
Bastin, B. "Étude de la structure des noyaux riches en neutrons autour de la fermeture de couches N=28 par spectroscopie gamma en ligne." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00269886.
Full textWilmsen, Dennis. "Nuclear structure studies with neutron-induced reactions : fission fragments in the N=50-60 region, a fission tagger for FIPPS, and production of the isomer Pt-195m." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC269/document.
Full textWithin the scope of atomic nuclear structure studies with neutron-induced reactions, this work presents the results of a fission fragment study in the N=50-60 region, the development of a fission event tagger, and the production of the isomer Pt-195m. Each of the different sub-topics has its origin in the 2012/13 EXILL campaign, where nuclear structure studies were carried out with neutron-induced reactions, and explored with a γ-efficient detector array. In the first part of this thesis, the neutron-rich region around neutron number N=50-60 was investigated with neutron-induced fission reactions on the fissile targets U-235 and Pu-241. Gamma spectroscopy methods were applied for the identification of the respective fission fragments, the assignment of γ transitions, and the analysis of lifetimes of excited states. The slope fit method as well as the recently developed generalized centroid difference method were used for the analysis of lifetimes in the low picoseconds to sub-nanoseconds range. Lifetimes for the nuclei Kr-92, Kr-93 and Zr-101 are presented. In the second part, first results of the development of a new detector for the discrimination of fission fragments are presented. This fission event tagger is intended to be used at the FIssion Product Prompt γ-ray Spectrometer (FIPPS) at the Institut Laue-Langevin. Within the scope of this study, two different detector designs, based on a solid plastic scintillator and an organic liquid scintillator, respectively, were tested. In the third part the possibility of the specific population of the spin-isomer in Pt-195 is discussed with special regard to its use as radioisotope in nuclear medicine. Such a specific activation could be realized via certain “doorway states” in photo-excitation reactions. The search for these doorway states was initiated within a neutron capture experiment at EXILL where potential states were found. The activation of the isomer via these states was tested afterwards with photonuclear reactions using the high intense γ-beam HIGS of the TUNL facility
Bauchet, Armand. "Spectroscopie gamma de fragments de fission auprès d'Euroball : Mise en évidence du rôle des orbitales de proton dans des noyaux riches en neutrons de la région de masse A∼100." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00999469.
Full textGoasduff, Alain. "Etats intrus dans les noyaux de la couche sd : de 1p-1t à np-nt dans les isotopes de Si." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796884.
Full textLage, Laércio Gomes. "Poliuretanas: caracterização, avaliação estrutural e efeito induzido pela radiação gama." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46132/tde-28032018-113201/.
Full textPolyurethane (PUR) is a class of polymers that possesses urethane groups [O-C(=O)-NH-] in its structure and that find many applications, including biomedical ones. This variety is due to the use of different monomers in its synthesis. The use of aliphatic isocyanates, one of PUR monomers, is more valuable in applications that demand stability to UV radiation, resistance to hydrolysis, and a greater thermal stability. The aromatic isocyanate-based PUR produces, when processed incorrectly, carcinogenic compounds, a fact that is not observed in the cycloaliphatic isocyanate-based PUR. The PUR modification to use it in biomedical artifacts has been made, among some procedures, through the incorporation of ionic groups into the polymer chain, forming ionomers. The biomedical materials sterilization is made employing ethylene oxide or gamma radiation. The objectives of this work are the synthesis and characterization of PUR and its sulfonated ionomer, both based on a cycloaliphatic isocyanate, as well as the study of the effect of gamma radiation in the polymers. It has been observed the formation of allophanate linkages through the analysis of vibrational spectra and elemental analysis data. Comparing the synthesized PUR and a commercial, amorphous, linear PUR used in biomedical artifacts, it has been noted that the former has crystallinity. The kinetic study of thermal decomposition of PUR allowed to establish the decomposition mechanism of PUR. The thermal stability and crystallinity of sulfonated PUR are greater than of PUR, probably due to the contribution of sulfonic groups. The lifetime of sulfonated PUR is greater than that of PUR, in the temperature range studied. The samples irradiation has permitted the observation of poliol and/or chain extender oxidation, by means of the decreasing of the intensity of the vibrational bands related to these groups and the decreasing of crystallinity in DSC.
Faul, Tatjana. "Etude de la Structure des Noyaux Riches en Neutrons autour du Noyau Doublement Magique 78Ni." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00610309.
Full textWatson, David Charles Bruce. "Gamma-ray spectroscopy of neutron deficient Pr and Nd nuclei." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316868.
Full textKhalfallah, Farid. "Spectroscopie de noyaux très lourds en vue de l'étude des noyaux super-lourds." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391854.
Full textRamashidzha, Tshifhiwa Marius. "Gamma spectroscopy of the doubly– ODD 194Tl Nucleus." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/221.
Full textThe odd – odd Tl nuclei with A ≥ 190 have moderate oblate nuclear deformation and show rotational bands built on different quasiparticle excitations. Several phenomena, not yet fully understood, were observed in these nuclei, such as large signature splitting in the yrast band (built on a πh9/2⊗νi13/2 configuration), possible non – axiality of the nuclear shape, etc. In this work the high – spin states in 194Tl were studied. The 194Tl nuclei were produced in the 181Ta (18O, 5n) 194Tl reaction at a beam energy of 93 MeV and the γ - rays were detected using the AFRODITE array. The obtained extended level scheme of 194Tl is presented and discussed in this work. CSM (Cranking shell model) and TRS (Total Routhians Surface) models were both applied to interpret the results for band 1. The results were compared with the neighboring isotone 193Hg.
South Africa
Nelson, A. H. "Discrete line and continuum gamma-ray spectroscopy of 130Ce and 129Ce." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370863.
Full textAli, Ishtiaq. "High spin gamma-ray spectroscopy of N=86 isotones around A=150." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316697.
Full textHanna, Fareed Fathallah. "Gamma-ray spectroscopy of the neutron-deficient nuclei '1'6'4W, '1'6'5W and '1'6'6W." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333557.
Full textBentley, M. A. "Gamma-ray spectroscopy of discrete-line superdeformed status in the nucleus '1'5'2Dy." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384363.
Full textMorrison, J. D. "Discrete gamma-ray spectroscopy of the N=90 isotones '1'5'4Gd and '1'5'6Dy." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384567.
Full textCruz, Manoel Tiago Freitas da. "Estudo do decaimento do 132Cs e estrutura nuclear do 132Xe." Universidade de São Paulo, 1987. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-27022014-153308/.
Full textThe 132 Cs BETA-, BETA+ and electron capture decays have been studied. New gamma transitions and electron capture feedings were determined. Some E2/M1 multipole mixings of gamma transitions in 132 Xe and 132Ba were measured with the gamma-gamma angular directional correlation method. The Bohr\'s collective model with K. Kumar and M. Baranger\'s solution was applied to 132 Xe and the results were discussed.
Teixeira, Ricardo Roberto Plaza. "Espectroscopia gama e correlação angular gama-gama em 194Pt." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-28022014-164151/.
Full textSingle gamma ray spectroscopy, gamma-gamma spectroscopy and gamma-gamma directional angular correlation have been performed to study the \'ANTPOT 194 PT\', following the \'beta POT. + \' decay and electron capture of \'ANTPOT 194 AU\'. We have determined, using covariant calculations, energies and intensities of 167 gamma transitions, 31 of them for the first time: 212 keV, 243 keV, 304 keV, 338 keV, 363 keV, 366 keV, 373 keV, 398 keV, 421 keV, 436 keV, 500 keV, 602 keV, 627 keV, 699 keV, 807 keV, 814 keV, 857 keV, 901 keV, 1121 keV, 1262 keV, 1346 keV, 1388 keV, 1474 keV, 1488 keV, 1535 keV, 1541 keV, 1565 keV, 1665 keV, 1675 keV, 1775 keV and 1780 keV. The decay scheme contains 45 levels; 4 of these states have been determined for the first time: 1373 keV, 1737 keV, 2003 keV and 2140 keV. We have also determined values for the multipole rnixing ratios \'delta\'(E2/M1) in the case of the strongest transitions, using directional gamma-gamma angular correlation. With the angular correlation ellipses, it was possible to determine or to restrict the spin and/or parity values of 7 levels: 1373 keV, 1737 keV, 1778 keV, 1930 keV, 2052 keV, 2134 keV and 2157 keV.
Regan, Patrick Henry. "Gamma-ray spectroscopy and lifetime studies of neutron deficient samarium and promethium nuclei." Thesis, University of York, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292549.
Full textWillman, Christofer. "Applications of Gamma Ray Spectroscopy of Spent Nuclear Fuel for Safeguards and Encapsulation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7116.
Full textPaul, Nancy. "First spectroscopy of ¹¹⁰ Zr with MINOS." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS547/document.
Full textA predicted N=70 subshell closure in ¹¹⁰Zr has long been considered a potential explanation for the disagreement between theory and observed abundances of the heavy elements near mass 130 resulting from the rapid neutron capture process (r-process). The r-process is not well understood, due in part to the uncertainties of the neutron-rich structure evolution mechanisms. A subshell closure in ¹¹⁰Zr, though unlikely, could result from either a tetrahedral or spherical symmetry. Each of these symmetries leaves distinct fingerprints on the low lying level structure, and thus can be discerned with a simple spectroscopy measurement. The MINOS system has been used at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory of RIKEN in Japan to perform the first spectroscopy of ¹¹⁰Zr. MINOS, developed at CEA-IRFU, combines a thick proton target with a vertex tracker to allow high resolution spectroscopy of rare nuclei. Low lying states in ¹¹⁰Zr were populated via proton removal on the MI- NOS target, and deexcitation gamma rays detected with the DALI2 scintillator array. Results are consistent with a well deformed nucleus. No evidence is found for a subshell closure at N=70 nor tetrahedral symmetry. A complementary study explores inclusive cross sections for (p,2p) and (p,pn) reactions with neutron rich nuclei. Approximately 60 inclusive cross sections have been measured for single nucleon removal on the MINOS target. The (p,2p) systematics reveal an enhanced cross section to odd-Z daughter nuclei, pointing to the importance of pairing correlations. The (p,pn) cross sections are approximately a factor of 10 larger than the (p,2p) cross sections, randomly distributed around 60 mb. Comparison with semi-classical models suggest that both these systematics can be explained by the important role of pairing correlations in direct reaction systematics for exotic nuclei. Finally, the electric field cage of the MINOS time projection chamber is optimized with electrostatic simulations in view of a future application as a pion tracker for antiproton-nucleus collisions in a new physics program at CERN called PUMA
Duckwitz, Hannah [Verfasser]. "Systematic Nuclear Structure Investigations of 84Sr and 86Sr under Application and Advancement of Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods / Hannah Duckwitz." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1106592328/34.
Full textMenezes, Tiago. "Room temperature CdZnTe X- and gamma-ray detectors for nuclear physics applications." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842705/.
Full textJoss, David Thomas. "Structure of superdeformed bands in cerium and neodymium isotopes involving neutron i13/2 (N=6) intruder states." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266309.
Full textMatsson, Ingvar. "Studies of Nuclear Fuel Performance Using On-site Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and In-pile Measurements." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6912.
Full textFilho, Zwinglio de Oliveira Guimarães. "Medidas Precisas de Energias de Transições Gama em Coincidência: Espectroscopia das Séries do 232U e 233U." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-12082013-145854/.
Full textThis work presents an experimental method for determining gamma-ray energies employing HPGe detectors in coincidence experiments with precision similar to that obtained in single measurements. The method was applied in the measurement of gamma-ray energies from the decay chain of 233U and 232U. Covariance matrices between experimental data are as significant as variances in the evaluation of experimental uncertainties and indispensable for updating and combining experimental results. In this work the complete covariance matrices for the gamma-ray energies and for all parameters used in the developed procedure were determined in every stage of the work. The experimental apparatus used the Camac multidetector adapter developed in the Laboratório do Acelerador Linear. The data were analyzed using the software Bidim, developed during this work. The fitting procedure, based on the least squares method, was applied directly to the two-dimensional spectra. The best final precision of the gamma-ray energies was about 5eV. Chi-squared tests of the fit, always better than 15%, do not indicate the presence of inconsistencies.
Parker, Cody E. "The ³H(d,γ) Reaction and the ³H(d,γ)/ ³H(d,n) Branching Ratio for Ec.m. ≤ 300 keV." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1471366054.
Full textDaniel, Terver. "Nuclear structure studies of low-lying states in 194Os using fast-timing coincidence gamma-ray spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813294/.
Full textOates, Sean Benjamin. "Structure of the nucleus ¹¹⁴Sn using gamma-ray coincidence data." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019870.
Full textDursun, Serkan. "Nuclear structure of the N=88 isotones: the decay of 156Tm to 156Er." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37155.
Full textOlivier, Louis. "Nuclear structure in the vicinity of ⁷⁸Ni : in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy of ⁷⁹Cu through proton knockout." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS212/document.
Full textThe nuclear shell structure is evolving when going into more and more exotic regions of the chart of isotopes and consequently, the conventional magic numbers (8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126) may disappear far from stability, while some new magic numbers can appear. The ⁷⁸Ni nucleus, with its 28 protons and 50 neutrons, is one of the most exotic supposedly doubly-magic nuclei, making it of great interest. The evolution of the Z = 28 gap towards N = 50 can be studied by probing the single-particle character of the states in the copper isotopic chain, having one proton more than nickel. This work focuses on Cu, at N = 50.In the aim of performing the first in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy of nuclei in the close vicinity of ⁷⁸Ni, an experiment was carried out at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory of RIKEN, in Japan. The ⁷⁹Cu nucleus was produced through the (p,2p) knockout reaction from a ⁸⁰Zn beam sent on the MINOS device, a liquid-hydrogen target coupled to a TPC used for proton tracking. The subsequent gamma-decay was detected in-beam with the DALI2 scintillator array. The BigRIPS and ZeroDegree spectrometers allowed an unambiguous identification of the incoming and outgoing nuclei, respectively.An analysis procedure based on gamma-gamma coincidences permitted to build the first level scheme of ⁷⁹Cu, with levels up to 4.6 MeV, and the results were compared to Monte-Carlo shell-model calculations for interpretation. The conclusions show that the ⁷⁹Cu nucleus is well described in terms of a valence proton outside a closed ⁷⁸Ni core, implying the magic character of the latter
Drouet, Floriane. "Spectrocopie gamma des noyaux 84, 86Se, 83As et 98Y." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI041/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis includes four gamma-ray spectroscopy studies of four nuclei produced by fission induced by 25 MeV protons, on a thick target of 238U. This experiment was realized at JYFL in Jyväskylä with the multi-detector JUROGAM II. In this manuscript a detailed spectroscopic study of nuclei : 84Se, 86 Se, 83 As and 98Y was performed. The first three nuclei are spherical and they are on or adjacent to the N =50 shell closure. Their studies provide a better understanding of the possible decrease in energy of this shell closure, and also of the interactions used in shell-model calculations. Eight new transitions have been assigned to these nuclei and these experimental results are in a relatively good agreement with the shell-model calculations. In the nucleus 98Y a coexistence of nuclear shapes is observed. While the low-energy states below 500keV have a spherical configuration, higher lying states are deformed. Five new transitions were discovered and added to the existing levels scheme, and two calculations using two collective models have been made. The first set of calculations has used the GICM model to reproduce the behavior of states below 500keV and the second set of calculations has used QPRM to reproduce the prolate deformed states, and permitted the assignment of a spherical shape to the isomer (10-)
Batista, Wagner Fonseca. "Determinação de parâmetros nucleares do núcleo de 127Te: uma proposta para o ensino de física nuclear." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-01072011-135048/.
Full textA study of the 127Te β- decay was carried out by means of gamma spectroscopy measurements using high resolution HPGe detector, in the region from 30 keV to 1.0 MeV, aiming to get a better understanding of the 127Te nuclear structure. The radioactive sources of 127Te were obtained from the 126Te(n,γ)127Te nuclear reaction produced in the IEA- R1 nuclear reactor at IPEN/CNEN-SP. Five gamma transitions previously attributed to this decay were confirmed with a better precision than previously. The half-life of 127Te was also studied resulting in data with lower uncertainty. Using a set of data selected from gamma spectroscopy measurements was developed and applied a didactic proposal for high school students using the Excel software.
Murray, Ian. "Mapping the Big Island of Deformation around N=20 and 28." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS196/document.
Full textMagic numbers of nucleons, which appear as large energy gaps in the spherical nuclear shell model, have been known to erode and emerge in asymmetric nuclear systems. The evolution of this behaviour is studied in two regions at, and near, magic neutron numbers N=20 and N=28 in neutron-rich neon and aluminium nuclei. Collectivity and excited state structure is studied through in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy of one- and two-nucleon knockout reactions, and inelastic scattering. Experiments were carried out at the RIKEN Nishina Center in Tokyo, Japan. Prompt gamma-rays were observed in the DALI2 detector and the nuclear structure of neutron-rich neon and aluminium isotopes were deduced. In addition, inclusive and exclusive cross sections to bound states from one- and two-proton knockout reactions, in combination with shell model calculations and reaction theory, extends systematic trends in the region. The two neutron-rich territories of N=20 and N=28 have been discussed as an extended island of deformation, joined-up through the magnesium isotopic chain. These observations enhance the mapping of this region and contribute to understanding the driving forces behind its formation
Davie, Raoul Francis. "Spectroscopic study of ⁸⁰Sr." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3260ca5a-a210-4732-a84f-378d59e7cb70.
Full textBriselet, Raphaël. "Étude de la structure de noyaux de mendélévium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS429/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the study of the transfermium nuclei region. These are nuclei having an atomic number larger than 100, which are interesting for several reasons. First of all, this region is still poorly known. Indeed, nuclei are more and more difficult to produce as soon as the number of nucleons they are made of increases. When studies move towards the heaviest elements, it becomes difficult to produce more than a few atoms, the reactions production sometimes being simply impossible. That is why these nuclei as still restricted to very thorough studies. Furthermore, nuclear models predict an island of stability for super-heavy elements with Z~114–126, N~184, which are however experimentally still out of reach. Conversely, studies in the transfermium region can provide information of this island of stability. The thesis is mainly related to the nuclear structure of two proton-odd mendelevium (Z=101) isotopes: ²⁴⁹Md and ²⁵¹Md. These isotopes are deformed, which provides access to quantum states also involved in heaviest spherical nuclei from the predicted island of stability. Nuclei were produced at the University of Jyväskylä with fusion-evaporation reactions using a ⁴⁸Ca beam on ²⁰³⁻²⁰⁵Tl targets. Mendelevium nuclei were selected from the large background of parasitic reactions using the RITU gas-filled separator and the genetic correlations technique. The nuclear structure is deduced from the gamma and electron spectroscopy. The SAGE and Jurogam II arrays have been used. These devices provide new insight into nuclei structure: we focussed on the collective structure revealed through rotational bands, on metastable states (isomers) or on single-particle transitions. In this work, two ²⁵¹Md rotational band could be highlighted. We have been able to perform for the first time the electron spectroscopy of this nucleus, which provides a constrain for the nuclear orbitals assignment. The 1/2⁻ and 7/2⁻ band-heads were assigned. We furthermore observed for the first time a ²⁵¹Md isomer with several feeding and de-exciting transitions. In this work, we could also sketch the collective structure of ²⁴⁹Md and measure some of its ground-state properties. Finally, the cross section for the ²⁴³Es production (⁴⁸Ca + ¹⁹⁷Au) was measured in order to estimate the feasibility of a future spectroscopy. Spectroscopic data are compared to new mean-field calculations. Hartee-Fock Bogoliubov calculations using the Skyrme and Gogny forces were made. This thesis is part of the ongoing research program on heavy nuclei; it provides new spectroscopic data in a region where much remains to be discovered
Schott, Diane M. "A Search for an Exotic Meson in the Gamma P to Delta-plus-plus Pi-minus Eta Reaction." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/662.
Full textNetterdon, Lars [Verfasser]. "Constraining nuclear-physics input for explosive nucleosynthesis processes via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy and the activation technique / Lars Netterdon." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076437346/34.
Full textBATISTA, WAGNER F. "Determinacao de parametros nucleares do nucleo de sup(127)Te: uma proposta para o ensino de fisica nuclear." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2011. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9949.
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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP