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Journal articles on the topic 'Nuclear physics, vocational guidance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Omarova, Toizhan, Kargash Zhanpeiisova, Zhangeldy Shaukenov, and Rauan Baidaly. "Problems of state policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of professional orientation." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics, no. 56 (March 24, 2024): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/56.2024.21dhy4.

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Relevance. The professional orientation of Kazakh youth (students and schoolchildren) and the influence of state educational and personnel policy on the formation of future qualified workers is a pertinent issue. This relevance is underscored by modern political and social processes aimed at the democratization of Kazakh society, the formation of a new education system based on global teaching quality standards, and the utilization of information technology advancements. These factors significantly impact the population's career choices and overall employment. Purpose. The research aims to conduct a deep and comprehensive analysis of vocational guidance issues among students. It examines this element as a means to mitigate the shortage of qualified personnel in Kazakhstan, considering the current educational and social policies. The study also explores the use of software technologies and new teaching methods to enhance vocational guidance for students and schoolchildren. Methodology. The results were obtained from surveys of university students and experts, and a content analysis of state documents, regulations, publications, and statistical data. Results. The research identified unresolved problems in the vocational guidance system for children and youth, affecting career choices and personnel policy effectiveness. Addressing these issues requires educational reforms, enhanced educator competencies, and additional resources for pedagogical, educational, and scientific activities. The article presents recommendations to elevate Kazakhstan's education system, aiming to improve employment, form new qualified personnel, and develop scientific and teaching activities in remote regions. Conclusions. The study concludes that there is a critical need for targeted reforms and investments in vocational guidance and education. Improving the education system will help address the shortage of qualified workers, support the development of new teaching methodologies, and promote scientific activities, thereby contributing to the overall socio-economic growth of Kazakhstan. Keywords: professional self-determination; employment of the population; higher education; distance learning

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2

Khassanova, Aida, Gulbanu Abitova, and Ulbosyn Kiyakbaeva. "Pedagogical design of early career guidance in the play activities of older preschool children." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics 2024, no. 55 (February 3, 2024): 2315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.231cp5.

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Relevance. Career guidance within early education is an important aspect of raising a child and developing the skills necessary for further successful career and self-discovery. In this regard, the study of professional orientation in gaming activities using the pedagogical design is a topical issue when educating older preschool children.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the aspects of the use of pedagogical design tools during the play activities of older preschool children with early career guidance.Methodology. In this paper, methods of analysis, comparison, generalization are used.Results. As a result of the study, it was possible to investigate the aspects of project activities in game forms of early career guidance work with older pupils of preschool educational institutions. The periodization of vocational guidance according to E. Ginzberg was also studied. In this study, the early period of career guidance of the child �fantasy� is disassembled and carefully investigated. The study also presents options for gaming activities in modern preschool education, as elements of early career guidance work with older preschool children. The scientific study highlighted the tools of play activities during early career guidance for older preschool children, namely the use of the Lapbook project, augmented reality and artificial intelligence systems, as well as the MeTycoon game, which includes video materials and information about professions.Conclusions. The results of this study can be used by researchers and scientists investigating the issue of using pedagogical design in vocational guidance through the game, as well as educators of preschool educational institutions who are engaged in early career guidance.

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3

Rusanova, Inna Aleksandrovna, and Oleg Vladimirovich Nedopekin. "Quest as a modern form of teaching physics and vocational guidance." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021104308.

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The most important component of improving the educational system of a higher educational institution in the way of training students is the activity of the teaching staff associated with individual work with applicants and students by involving them in research work, involving students in projects and participation in career guidance work. Currently, there is an overestimated expectation of adolescents from the choice of their future activities after finishing secondary educational institutions and their vague idea of the profession when choosing a particular higher educational institution. This paper examines a game in the form of a quest as a means of increasing schoolchildrens motivation to study Physics and as an example of demonstrating vocational guidance work of a higher educational institution with students in order to increase their interest in the conscious choice of further education in natural science. The forms of carrying out such quests at the Institute of Physics are given and possible ways for the development of such forms are discussed. Additionally, data is provided on the increased interest in their future profession among students participating in the quests. The approbation of this form of work with applicants at Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University showed a significant degree of involvement of applicants and contributed to the development of interest in Physics.

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4

Rudenko, V. A., S. A. Tomilin, A. V. Zheleznyakova, and N. I. Lobkovskaya. "Innovative Model of Vocational Cooperation of Stakeholders in the Nuclear Industry on the Basis of Volgodonsk Engineering Technical Institute the Branch of National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI»." Global Nuclear Safety, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/gns-2022-03-07.

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The paper provides an overview of career guidance cooperation possibilities between the stakeholders of the educational process and nuclear industry specialists in order to deepen the integration of the school, the technical university and production. A model of collaboration of the main stakeholders to build an effective system of social partnership in the field of vocational education and improve the quality of graduate training for the nuclear industry is proposed.

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5

Volkov, Yu N., N. I. Geraskin, and A. N. Kosilov. "Nuclear Education in Russia and Abroad." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 11 (December 3, 2019): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-11-105-116.

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The education of a future nuclear professional provides the basic competencies that will influence the performance of a future specialist throughout his or her future professional career. The article discusses the best practices and main trends in higher education that have developed in the field of nuclear technologies in Russia and abroad. The analysis is based on the materials prepared by various international organizations and professional communities, and the experience of the MEPhI. The article discusses such issues as interaction between state, nuclear industry and higher education institution; the quality of nuclear education (four basic principles of training nuclear specialists in MEPhI), the transition to two-tier system in nuclear education; the international cooperation in nuclear sphere; export of nuclear education; and vocational guidance for school students.

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6

Gao, Ru. "Application of Computer Application Technology in Employment Guidance Education in Higher Vocational Colleges." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1574 (June 2020): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1574/1/012002.

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7

Alsaidan, Saad, and Li Zhang. "The Use of Vocational Guidance E-Systems in Colleges of Technology, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 933 (January 3, 2018): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/933/1/012019.

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8

Nortojiev, Abror, and Nigora Normurodova. "Methods of formation of professional competence of students in teaching physics on the basis of integration of architecture and building sciences." E3S Web of Conferences 452 (2023): 07028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345207028.

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In this paper, we describe formation of professional competence of future construction engineers and its content essence, their role and importance in the preparation for professional activity, the fact that physics is the main fundamental science in the training of civil engineers and its integration with the general engineering sciences. Based on the specifics of vocational guidance and specialization of students in the field of construction, we present instructions and recommendations to organize lectures, practical, laboratory classes and independent work effectively.

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9

Сільвейстр, Анатолій, Микола Моклюк, and Вікторія Думенко. "Formation of professional direction motives of secondary education students in physics lessons in senior classes." Scientific notes of Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University Section Theory and methods of teaching natural sciences, no. 5 (November 2, 2023): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2786-5754-2023-5-23-30.

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The article deals with the issues related to the formation of motives for the professional orientation of secondary school students in the course of studying physics. The main forms and ways of implementing the principle of practical orientation in the study of academic subjects in general secondary education institutions are identified: students are told about all the features of their future activities, the best ways to get involved in this profession, etc.; young people who have not made their choice are introduced to a list of promising professions, and forms of professional orientation are highlighted in physics lessons and in extracurricular activities.It is proved that vocational guidance work at school should be based on classical and modern developments in the segment of vocational guidance of youth and students. It has been found that the motives of professional orientation in high school physics lessons, which include questions about industrial objects, have significant potential for this.It is determined that the task of forming the motivation of high school students to get acquainted with engineering and high-tech working professions will contribute to the future choice of professional activity.It is emphasized that it is important to build the professional orientation of students, which is realized through the general natural and physical components, respectively, taking into account the age characteristics of students, the location of the region, based on the principle of systematicity.It is noted that the most effective means of career guidance work with students is to provide information about professions in the form of thematic conversations, excursions to production facilities, work with illustrations and textbook material during physics lessons.It is determined that the main task of forming motives for students to get acquainted with future professions is to reveal their various facets: to tell not only about the labor functions of an employee, but also to show the place of work, learning environment, familiarize them with modern equipment and leisure activities, etc.

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10

Leach, K. G., P. E. Garrett, G. C. Ball, J. C. Bangay, L. Bianco, G. A. Demand, T. Faestermann, et al. "Experimental Guidance of ISB Corrections via Direct Nuclear Reactions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312, no. 9 (September 23, 2011): 092036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/312/9/092036.

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11

MacKenzie, Donald, and Peter D. Zimmerman. "Inventing Accuracy: A Historical Sociology of Nuclear Missile Guidance." Physics Today 45, no. 2 (February 1992): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2809544.

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12

Saputra, Rios, and Putu Sudira. "Management of Career Guidance Program in Vocational High Schools in Yogyakarta Special Territory (DIY) of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1273 (November 2019): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1273/1/012008.

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13

Backe, H. "On magnetic guidance of charged particles." Physics Letters B 755 (April 2016): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2016.02.027.

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14

WANG, QUAN-FANG. "QUANTUM CONTROL IN NUCLEAR REACTION." International Journal of Modern Physics E 19, no. 03 (March 2010): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301310014820.

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A frontier field beyond atom and molecular control will be concentrated on the controlling of nuclei. Both theoretical design and laboratory experiments extremely need to be developed with the great progress of quantum physics and laser technology. This work is to focus on the computational approach to achieve the quantum control in nuclear reaction with a stable semi-discrete numerical paradigm in high dimensions. A reasonable physical model is established by multi-Klein–Gordon Schrödinger dynamics. Demonstrative experiments would provide the confident guidance to control quantum system at nuclei scale in real laboratory.

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15

Kholida, Leliy, and Muallimah Muallimah. "Daya Saing Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Muhammadiyah dalam Era Revolusi Industri 4.0; Studi pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari." Arfannur 2, no. 1 (December 9, 2021): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24260/arfannur.v2i1.399.

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The competitiveness of vocational schools (vocational) is one of the concerns of many parties with the presence of great changes rapidly due to the industrial revolution 4.0. The big wave created as a result of the 4.0 industrial revolution shook almost all sectors, the impact of which was education the most because this sector was directly related to causality. From existing research and studies, researchers have not found studies that specifically reveal the response of vocational education institutions in dealing with the impact of changes due to the industrial revolution 4.0, regarding the process of building competitiveness (competitiveness) institutionally in vocational schools, especially in Muhammadiyah vocational schools. This research uses a holistic approach to vocational institutions in the process of building competitiveness institutionally to face the impact of changes caused by the industrial revolution 4.0. This research is a microscopic study that focuses on the Muhammadiyah Kendari Vocational High School which was established on July 16, 2018. In this study, there are two formulations of how the Muhammadiyah Kendari Maritime Vocational High School (SMK) responds to changes due to the Industrial revolution 4.0?; and how is the process of building competitiveness carried out by the Muhammadiyah Kendari Maritime Vocational High School (SMK) to be competitive in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0? .research results are: 1. The establishment of this Muhammadiyah Maritime Vocational School is in realizing maritime physics in the form of educational institutions. The Maritime Vocational School of Muhammadiyah Kendari is the only vocational school that provides NKPi’s vocational maritime expertise, and the APHPi-based Muhammadiyah boarding school in Southeast Sulawesi compared to the other four SMK units in Southeast Sulawesi, as well as adding to the maritime treasures throughout Indonesia which there are no more than twelve units of vocational high schools in Muhammadiyah Dikdasmen. 2. The process of building competitiveness in the maritime SMK Muhammadiyah Kendari there are four aspects as follows: a) Learning innovation as a 21st century learning model using WhatsApp (WA) and Facebook (fb). b) SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari is a form of school collaboration with the University Muhammadiyah Kendari, especially the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. Full guidance and support from educators from the Faculty of Fisheries, University of Muhammadiyah Kendari. c) the leadership roles of Mr. Kasman in the Maritime Vocational School of Muhammadiyah Kendari are manifested in the role of carrying out the role as a pioneer focusing on recognizing internal and external conditions, d) The Maritime Vocational School of Muhammadiyah Kendari is the only private vocational school that has the main infrastructure and full property rights, compared to with the four similar vocational schools, the infrastructure facilities are still not standardized. Abstrak Daya saing sekolah kejuruan (vokasi) menjadi salah satu perhatian banyak pihak dengan hadirnya perubahan hebat secara cepat akibat revolusi industri 4.0. Gelombang besar yang tercipta akibat revolusi industri 4.0 ini mengguncang nyaris semua sektor, yang paling terasa dampaknya pendidikan karena sektor ini berhubungan langsung secara kausalitas. Dari penelitian dan kajian-kajian yang telah ada, peneliti belum menemukan kajian yang secara khusus mengungkap respon lembaga-lembaga pendidikan SMK dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan akibat revolusi industri 4.0, tentang proses membangun daya saing (competitiveness) secara kelembagaan SMK, terlebih pada SMK Muhammadiyah. Penelitian ini dengan pendekatan holistik kelembagaan SMK dalam proses membangun daya saing secara kelembagaan menghadapi dampak perubahan yang ditimbulkan revolusi industri 4.0.Penelitian ini merupakan kajian secara mikroskopis yang berfokus pada sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Kemaritiman Muhammadiyah Kendari yang berdiri 16 Juli 2018. Dalam penelitian ini ada dua rumusan Bagaimana Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Kemaritiman Muhammadiyah Kendari merespon perubahan akibat revolusi Industri 4.0?; dan bagaimana proses membangun daya saing yang dilakukan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Kemaritiman Muhammadiyah Kendari untuk berdaya saing dalam era revolusi industri 4.0?. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasanya 1. Pembentukan SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah ini dalam mewujudkan fisik kemaritiman dalam bentuk lembaga pendidikan. SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari merupakan satu-satunya SMK yang menyediakan keahlian kemaritiman kejuruan NKPi, dan APHPi yang berbasis Muhammadiyah boarding School di Sulawesi Tenggara dibanding dengan ke-empat unit SMK lainnya di Sulawesi Tenggara, serta menambah khazanah kemaritiman se-Indonesia yang baru ada tidak lebih dua belas unit sekolah menengah kejuruan di Dikdasmen Muhammadiyah. 2. Proses membangun daya saing di SMK maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari ada empat aspek sebagai berikut: a) Inovasi pembelajaran sebagai model pembelajaran abad 21 menggunakan WhatsApp (WA) dan facebook (fb).b) SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari merupakan bentuk kerja sama sekolah dengan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari, khususnya Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Pembinaan dan dukungan penuh dari para pendidik dari fakultas Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari. c) peran-peran kepemimpinan bapak Kasman di SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari diwujudkan pada peran menjalankan peran sebagai perintis focus mengenali kondisi internal dan eksternal, d) SMK Maritim Muhammadiyah Kendari merupakan satu-satunya SMK swasta yang memiliki sarana prasarana utama dan hak milik penuh, dibandingkan dengan keempat sekolah kejuruan yang serupa masih belum terstandar sarana prasarananya. Kata Kunci: daya saing dan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

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16

Weise, Wolfram. "From QCD symmetries to nuclei and neutron stars." International Journal of Modern Physics E 27, no. 12 (December 2018): 1840004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301318400049.

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Global symmetries and symmetry breaking patterns of QCD with light quarks, in particular chiral symmetry, provide basic guidance not only for low-energy hadron physics but also for nuclear forces and the nuclear many-body problem. Recent developments of Chiral Effective Field Theory (ChEFT) applications to nuclear and neutron matter are summarized, with special emphasis on a (nonperturbative) extension using functional renormalization group methods. Topics include: nuclear thermodynamics, extrapolations to dense baryonic matter and constraints from neutron star observables.

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17

Fiorino, Claudio, Filippo Alongi, Sara Broggi, Giovanni Mauro Cattaneo, Cesare Cozzarini, Nadia Di Muzio, Eleonora Maggiulli, et al. "Physics aspects of prostate tomotherapy: Planning optimization and image-guidance issues." Acta Oncologica 47, no. 7 (January 2008): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841860802266755.

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18

Vo, Truong V., Bryan F. Gore, Elizabeth J. Eschbach, and Fredric A. Simonen. "Probabilistic Risk Assessment Based Guidance for Piping In-Service Inspection." Nuclear Technology 88, no. 1 (December 2, 1989): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nt89-a34332.

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19

Matsuyama, Shigeo, Misako Miwa, Sho Toyama, and Tomihiro Kamiya. "Development of a focal guidance system for microbeam formation." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 540 (July 2023): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2023.04.016.

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20

Schönfelder, Christian. "Vocational training related ENEN activities and their impact on nuclear competence development in Europe." Nuclear Engineering and Design 420 (April 2024): 113017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2024.113017.

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21

Sartin, S. A., M. S. Grigoryan, and A. G. Markova. "EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS WHEN OBTAINING PHYSICAL EDUCATION." Vestnik of M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, no. 2 (51) (December 29, 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54596/2309-6977-2021-2-28-33.

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This article discusses the profitability of obtaining a physical education. As part of the study, monitoring of postgraduate employment after graduation from the Department of Physics was carried out. A marketing research was carried out by questioning former graduates of this department over the past 10 years, which included various questions for a more detailed study of both positive and negative aspects in choosing a specialty, training, employment, obtaining additional education and enrolling in a magistracy. The analysis of the motives of applicants when choosing specialties at the Department of Physics is carried out. Based on the data obtained, an assessment of vocational guidance work in schools of the city and region is given. Also, a study was carried out on the correspondence of education and the position held, the prospects for employment outside the specialty, wages and the impact on its increase, obtaining additional education at one of the largest enterprises in Petropavlovsk. The key points that influence the choice of a specialty by applicants are briefly described.

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Humphreys, D. A., T. A. Casper, N. Eidietis, M. Ferrara, D. A. Gates, I. H. Hutchinson, G. L. Jackson, et al. "Experimental vertical stability studies for ITER performance and design guidance." Nuclear Fusion 49, no. 11 (September 11, 2009): 115003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/49/11/115003.

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23

Politsinsky, E. V. "Implementation of technology of preparation of students and schoolchildren in physics based on advanced independent work by means of multi-level physical-technological educational and methodological complex." Science and School, no. 1, 2020 (2020): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/1819-463x-2020-1-154-167.

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The development of technical education has an important place in the process of modernization of Russian education. Today, State policy provides the advance development of the system of secondary vocational education and the creation of an effective system of vocational guidance for young people; increasing the prestige of engineering professions; qualification and quality of training, both engineering and technical specialists with secondary education. Physics is the foundation of modern technology. It is the basis of training not only a modern engineer but also a specialist with secondary education in the field of technology and industrial technologies. However, modern young people tend to have little motivation to study physics and generally to receive technical education. Physics remains one of the school’s most difficult-to-learn teaching subjects. Most modern schoolchildren consider physics complex, incomprehensible, not interesting. Among the reasons is the shortage of hours allocated for the study of physics with sufficiently high requirements expressed, first of all, in the ability to solve various physical problems. The transition to a two-level system of study at the university and as a result a significant (two or more times) reduction of the academic time for the study of physics, does not allow using the classical approach to training. At the same time, it becomes extremely difficult to keep in the previous academic hours, for example lecture courses on general physics. The article describes the developed technology of training students and schoolchildren in physics on the basis of leading independent work for implementation, which uses a multilevel physical and technological educational and methodological complex; structure, content, and characteristics of the complex, the experience of its application; results of experimental work are given. The prospect of developing and introducing in pedagogical universities a course on the creation of such textbooks by students within the framework of project activities is justified, which will allow to successfully form a wide range of professional competences of future teachers, contribute to their rapid and successful adaptation in the future professional environment.

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Berg, H. P., and R. Gortz. "Regulatory guidance on PSA in Germany." Kerntechnik 63, no. 5-6 (May 1, 1998): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kern-1998-635-615.

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25

SUN, YANG. "SHELL MODEL FOR HEAVY NUCLEI AND ITS APPLICATION IN NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, no. 08 (November 2006): 1695–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306005307.

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Performing shell model calculations for heavy nuclei is a long-standing problem in nuclear physics. The shell model truncation in the configuration space is an unavoidable step. The Projected Shell Model (PSM) truncates the space under the guidance of the deformed mean-field solutions. This implies that the PSM uses a novel and efficient way to bridge the two conventional methods: the deformed mean-field approximations, which are widely applied to heavy nuclei but able to describe the physics only in the intrinsic frame, and the spherical shell model diagonalization method, which is most fundamental but feasible only for small systems. We discuss the basic philosophy in construction of the PSM (or generally PSM-like) approach. Several examples from the PSM calculations are presented. Astrophysical applications are emphasized.

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Dillon, Michael B. "Determining optimal fallout shelter times following a nuclear detonation." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2163 (March 8, 2014): 20130693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0693.

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In the event of a single, low-yield nuclear detonation in a major urban area, rapidly providing adequate shelter to affected populations could save 10 000–100 000 individuals from a fatal exposure to fallout radiation. However, poorly sheltered individuals may remain at risk. Current guidance and prior studies are not consistent as to the timing and conditions under which poorly sheltered individuals should leave their shelters to evacuate or obtain better shelter. This study proposes methods to determine the optimal shelter time based on information potentially available following a nuclear detonation. For the case in which individuals move to an adequate shelter that can be reached within 15 min, individuals should stay in a poor-quality shelter for at most 30 min after the detonation. If adequate shelter is available nearby (within 5 min), then poorly sheltered individuals should immediately proceed to the better shelter.

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KATBAEVA, M., and U. BAIZAK. "THE WAY TO ORGANIZE AN ELECTIVE COURSE ON MECHANICS IN SPECIALIZED TRAINING." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 121, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/habarshy.v3i121.739.

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In this article, we will consider the introduction of students into the future profession through specialized training in secondary schools of Natural Sciences. An analysis of the concept of specialized training is carried out and a definition is given. Ways to increase interest in technical specialties in physics are analyzed. Ways to increase interest in technical specialties in physics are analyzed. In addition, a task has been defined that will increase the role and effectiveness of vocational guidance in schools. The main areas of implementation of these tasks include independent training, knowledge acquisition, education, formation of students 'maturity and development of individual abilities in accordance with their interests, increasing students' interest in activities, i.e. in the construction of machines, engineering, cosmology, aircraft design, satellite ships. The direct dependence of the future professional career of mankind on its initial course at school is discussed. Conducting classes based on the interests and aptitudes of students is organized through an elective course. In this regard, making sure that the tasks of mechanics are necessary for mastering the specialty, the student expands and deepens his knowledge of physics. With the help of professionally-oriented tasks, students are required to take a creative approach to solving them, are forced to think actively, are taught to apply physical knowledge in professional activities, use mathematical tools in solving problems, and develop skills in working with literature.

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Takase, H., and N. Ohyabu. "Guidance of the divertor channel outside the main coil system for heliotron/torsatron devices." Nuclear Fusion 35, no. 2 (February 1995): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/35/2/i02.

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29

Ermolaev, Georgy, Dmitriy Grudinin, Kirill Voronin, Andrey Vyshnevyy, Aleksey Arsenin, and Valentyn Volkov. "Van Der Waals Materials for Subdiffractional Light Guidance." Photonics 9, no. 10 (October 9, 2022): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9100744.

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Photonics is a natural next technological step after an era of electronics. However, the diffraction limit of light poses severe limitations on photonic elements and dictates their size. Herein, we demonstrate that layered semiconductors solve this challenge thanks to their giant optical anisotropy. In particular, waveguides with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) claddings can operate in a transparency region slightly above (20%) the diffraction limit and even overcome it by 10% around 700 nm, providing an even better confinement than air cladding, but with excitonic losses. Further analysis reveals that van der Waals materials with an in-plane refractive index of about five or an out-of-plane index around two provide subdiffractional and lossless guidance. Therefore, our results establish the route for ultra-dense photonic integration based on layered materials.

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Ipsen, Svenja. "[I094] Ultrasound guidance in radiotherapy - renaissance through innovation." Physica Medica 52 (August 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.166.

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Kriegel, M., and V. Spatz. "Development of a RIASEC-based model to analyse students’ perceptions of the work of nuclear- and astrophysicists." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2750, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2750/1/012034.

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Abstract There are many stereotypical beliefs about the work of scientists among students. These can lead to a lack of interest and ill-considered career choices. This paper aims to shed more light on the everyday work of researchers in physics. To this end, an interview study (N=12) and a questionnaire study (N=66) were conducted among physicists in a Collaborative Research Centre for nuclear- and astrophysics in order to determine the physicists’ activity profiles using an adapted RIASEC+N model based on the theory of vocational choices by Holland. As a result, activities from all seven RIASEC+N dimensions were found, highlighting the broad spectrum of activities in modern physics research. However, with respect to the significance of each dimension, we found that the activity profiles of doctoral students and professors in general, as well as their profiles in theoretical and experimental groups differ particularly within the Realistic, Conventional and Investigative dimension. In the future, these results will be used to develop an outreach programme to give students an authentic insight into modern physics. Additionally, the activity profiles could serve as a reference for addressing stereotypes in school.

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Singh, Arvinder, and Navpreet Singh. "Guidance of a Laser Beam Through an Axially Non-Uniform Plasma Channel in the Weakly Relativistic Limit." Journal of Fusion Energy 30, no. 6 (May 17, 2011): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10894-011-9425-0.

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Delaney, Michael J., George E. Apostolakis, and Michael J. Driscoll. "Risk-informed design guidance for future reactor systems." Nuclear Engineering and Design 235, no. 14 (June 2005): 1537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2005.01.004.

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STOCK, REINHARD. "HADRON FORMATION IN HIGH ENERGY ELEMENTARY AND NUCLEAR COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 03 (April 2007): 687–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307006216.

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We consider the dynamical origin of the apparent statistical equilibrium that governs the yields, and yield ratios, of all hadron and resonance species (consisting of the three light quark flavours) produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions from AGS via SPS to RHIC energies [Formula: see text]. This hadro-chemical equilibrium state is well described, overall, by the grand canonical, quasi-classical Gibbs ensemble of all corresponding hadrons and resonances. In order to pin down the stochastic elements, featured by the dynamical evolution prior to hadron formation and hadronic "chemical" (i.e. species) freeze-out, and determining the eventual equilibrium state, we concentrate on the high energy domain, [Formula: see text], where a model of primordial perturbative QCD partonic shower evolution appears plausible. For guidance concerning a hadronization model we revisit the QCD description of jet-induced hadron formation in e+e- annihilation at LEP energy. At the end of the pQCD partonic shower evolution a stage of color neutralization and flavour recombination leads to transition into non perturbative QCD clusters or strings, that decay to hadrons/resonances under phase space dominance. The combination of stochastic shower multiplication and cluster decay to the phase space defined by the hadron/resonancemass and spin spectrum results in a hadronization output featuring statistical equilibrium of the species, which is well described by the canonical Gibbs ensemble. We then assume that hadronization in A + A collisions occurs from a similar stage of singlet cluster formation. However, owing to the extreme overall energy density these clusters should overlap spatially, giving rise to extended super-cluster formation, increasing with [Formula: see text], A and collision centrality. In the limit of an extended volume decaying coherently, hadronization is free of local quantum number conservation constraints. This leads to strangeness enhancement and explains the success of a grand canonical description.

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Stone, Jirina R. "Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics Constraints on the High Density Matter Equation of State." Universe 7, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7080257.

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(1) This review has been written in memory of Steven Moszkowski who unexpectedly passed away in December 2020. It has been inspired by our many years of discussions. Steven’s enthusiasm, drive and determination to understand atomic nuclei in simple terms of basic laws of physics was infectious. He sought the fundamental origin of nuclear forces in free space, and their saturation and modification in nuclear medium. His untimely departure left our job unfinished but his legacy lives on. (2) Focusing on the nuclear force acting in nuclear matter of astrophysical interest and its equation of state (EoS), we take several typical snapshots of evolution of the theory of nuclear forces. We start from original ideas in the 1930s moving through to its overwhelming diversity today. The development is supported by modern observational and terrestrial data and their inference in the multimessenger era, as well as by novel mathematical techniques and computer power. (3) We find that, despite the admirable effort both in theory and measurement, we are facing multiple models dependent on a large number of variable correlated parameters which cannot be constrained by data, which are not yet accurate, nor sensitive enough, to identify the theory closest to reality. The role of microphysics in the theories is severely limited or neglected, mostly deemed to be too difficult to tackle. (4) Taking the EoS of high-density matter as an example, we propose to develop models, based, as much as currently possible, on the microphysics of the nuclear force, with a minimal set of parameters, chosen under clear physical guidance. Still somewhat phenomenological, such models could pave the way to realistic predictions, not tracing the measurement, but leading it.

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Chen, Ho-Hsing, Jay Wu, Keh-Shih Chuang, and Hsiang-Chi Kuo. "Correction of respiratory motion for IMRT using aperture adaptive technique and visual guidance: A feasibility study." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 577, no. 3 (July 2007): 734–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.04.122.

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Nguyen, Thinh, Raj Jaitly, Keith Dinnie, Ron Henry, Don Sinclair, David J. Wilson, and Michael O’Neill. "Development of severe accident management guidance (SAMG) for the Canadian CANDU 6 nuclear power plants." Nuclear Engineering and Design 238, no. 4 (April 2008): 1093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2007.08.005.

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38

Stout, David, Stuart S. Berr, Amy LeBlanc, Joseph D. Kalen, Dustin Osborne, Julie Price, Wynne Schiffer, Claudia Kuntner, and Jonathan Wall. "Guidance for Methods Descriptions Used in Preclinical Imaging Papers." Molecular Imaging 12, no. 7 (October 2013): 7290.2013.00055. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7290.2013.00055.

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Loughman, Mr Eamon, Caroline Banahan, Mr Devon Keogh, and Ms Susan Maguire. "IMPLEMENTATION AND VALIDATION OF IAEA REMOTE X-RAY QC GUIDANCE." Physica Medica 104 (December 2022): S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1120-1797(22)02311-0.

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40

Takizawa, Yoji, Toshifumi Hayashi, Nobuyuki Saijou, and Toshihiko Morioka. "A post trip operational guidance system for BWR plants." Nuclear Engineering and Design 110, no. 3 (January 1989): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(89)90007-1.

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41

van Beurden, Florian, Danny M. van Willigen, Borivoj Vojnovic, Matthias N. van Oosterom, Oscar R. Brouwer, Henk G. van der Poel, Hisataka Kobayashi, Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, and Tessa Buckle. "Multi-Wavelength Fluorescence in Image-Guided Surgery, Clinical Feasibility and Future Perspectives." Molecular Imaging 19 (January 1, 2020): 153601212096233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536012120962333.

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With the rise of fluorescence-guided surgery, it has become evident that different types of fluorescence signals can provide value in the surgical setting. Hereby a different range of targets have been pursued in a great variety of surgical indications. One of the future challenges lies in combining complementary fluorescent readouts during one and the same surgical procedure, so-called multi-wavelength fluorescence guidance. In this review we summarize the current clinical state-of-the-art in multi-wavelength fluorescence guidance, basic technical concepts, possible future extensions of existing clinical indications and impact that the technology can bring to clinical care.

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42

Lahaye, Sébastien. "Choice of positive distribution law for nuclear data." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 4 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2018047.

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Nuclear data evaluation files in the ENDF6 format provide mean values and associated uncertainties for physical quantities relevant in nuclear physics. Uncertainties are denoted as Δ in the format description, and are commonly understood as standard deviations. Uncertainties can be completed by covariance matrices. The evaluations do not provide any indication on the probability density function to be used when sampling. Three constraints must be observed: the mean value, the standard deviation and the positivity of the physical quantity. MENDEL code generally uses positively truncated Gaussian distribution laws for small relative standard deviations and a lognormal law for larger uncertainty levels (>50%). Indeed, the use of truncated Gaussian laws can modify the mean and standard deviation value. In this paper, we will make explicit the error in the mean value and the standard deviation when using different types of distribution laws. We also employ the principle of maximum entropy as a criterion to choose among the truncated Gaussian, the fitted Gaussian and the lognormal distribution. Remarkably, the difference in terms of entropy between the candidate distribution laws is a function of the relative standard deviation only. The obtained results provide therefore general guidance for the choice among these distributions.

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Dugin, N. A., and N. R. Troitsky. "Determining the antenna guidance accuracy by the radio-astronomical method." Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics 49, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11141-006-0032-2.

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44

Ding, Guohua, and Limeng Liang. "Thermodynamic properties of fission products in liquid bismuth." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2125, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2125/1/012048.

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Abstract The thermodynamic properties of fission products in molten salt and liquid metal have a great influence on the disposal of nuclear waste in the nuclear fuel cycle industrial system. This paper attempts to extract useful thermodynamic information from the only few experimental activities of lanthanides (Ce, Pr, La) in liquid Bi at different temperatures. The molecular interaction volume model (MIVM) was adopted to model and predict some temperature-dependent thermodynamic functions, including activity, infinite dilute activity coefficient, and molar excess Gibbs energy. The minor average of Δ G ¯ error indicated that assuming εji − εii is a constant is reasonable. On this basis, the natural logarithm of the interaction coefficients and the natural logarithm of the infinite dilute activity coefficient of lanthanides (Ce, Pr, La) in the Bi-based metal melt, these two parameters, show the linear relationship with the reciprocal of temperature. The reasonable agreement of the modeled thermodynamic parameters with the existing experimental data verified that the MIVM is quite convenient and reliable, which can provide guidance for separating fission products from molten salt reactors.

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45

Garcia, J., F. J. Casson, L. Frassinetti, D. Gallart, L. Garzotti, H. T. Kim, M. Nocente, et al. "Modelling performed for predictions of fusion power in JET DTE2: overview and lessons learnt." Nuclear Fusion 63, no. 11 (October 12, 2023): 112003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/acedc0.

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Abstract For more than a decade, an unprecedented predict-first activity has been carried in order to predict the fusion power and provide guidance to the second Deuterium–Tritium (D–T) campaign performed at JET in 2021 (DTE2). Such an activity has provided a framework for a broad model validation and development towards the D–T operation. It is shown that it is necessary to go beyond projections using scaling laws in order to obtain detailed physics based predictions. Furthermore, mixing different modelling complexity and promoting an extended interplay between modelling and experiment are essential towards reliable predictions of D–T plasmas. The fusion power obtained in this predict-first activity is in broad agreement with the one finally measured in DTE2. Implications for the prediction of fusion power in future devices, such as ITER, are discussed.

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46

Chinchoy, Alexander. "THE FORMATION OF PRACTICAL SKILLS IN THE USE OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CLASSROM OF A SCHOOL CIRCLE FOR MODELING AND PILOTING MULTICOPTER." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 191 (2020): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2020-1-191-182-185.

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The article discusses the didactic issues of the organization and operation of the school circle on modeling and piloting unmanned aerial vehicles. The purpose of classes in the circle is to educate the creative personality of students in the process of acquaintance with the basics of aviation sciences and technologies, the development of technological techniques, skills in designing, manufacturing and launching models. It is noted that technical circles for many schoolchildren are an interesting, unusual occupation, a way to develop useful skills, help realize the potential of general education in the process of deepening and practical application of knowledge gained in lessons at school. The purpose of the article is to present the circle work as a means of forming key and subject competencies in the educational process in physics and vocational guidance of students. The program of the circle is aimed at developing spatial imagination, deepening school knowledge in the field of practical construction of various aircraft. The program is based on personality-oriented learning, taking into account the needs of each member of the circle, his abilities, skills and helps to fully identify and demonstrate the creative potential of students. The drone design club helps introduce a new approach to teaching adolescents and introduces them to the latest technologies: UAV design, assembly, tuning and control elements. In parallel, knowledge is acquired in mathematics, physics, computer science, drawing, natural sciences, logic, technical thinking and creativity are developing. During classes in the circle, students learn the basics of electronics and electrical engineering, programming, solve non-standard problems. Such work contributes to career guidance of students, develops interest in the scientific and technical field, forms analytical thinking, develops creative initiative and independence. Particular attention in the article is paid to the content of the thematic circle work plan modules: 1) business prospects on unmanned aerial vehicles; 2) design and configuration of a quadrocopter; 3) training piloting; 4) the use of quadrocopters for video and photography; 5) participation in exhibitions and competitions. It can be stated that the circle work should cover a wide circle of students, to most effectively contribute to the solution of one of the important tasks of our time ‒ the task of preparing a person for future work. Students develop general cultural competence and practical skills in using modern information technologies and electronics in engineering tasks, stimulate interest in learning.

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Jiang, Hui, Zhanshan Wang, and Jingtao Zhu. "Interface characterization of B4C-based multilayers by X-ray grazing-incidence reflectivity and diffuse scattering." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 20, no. 3 (March 20, 2013): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049513004329.

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B4C-based multilayers have important applications for soft to hard X-rays. In this paper, X-ray grazing-incidence reflectivity and diffuse scattering, combining various analysis methods, were used to characterize the structure of B4C-based multilayers including layer thickness, density, interfacial roughness, interdiffusion, correlation length,etc.Quantitative results for W/B4C, Mo/B4C and La/B4C multilayers were compared. W/B4C multilayers show the sharpest interfaces and most stable structures. The roughness replications of La/B4C and Mo/B4C multilayers are not strong, and oxidations and structure expansions are found in the aging process. This work provides guidance for future fabrication and characterization of B4C-based multilayers.

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Viscusi, Michele Mattia, Ylenia La Porta, Giuseppe Migliaro, Gian Marco Gargano, Annunziata Nusca, Laura Gatto, Simone Budassi, et al. "Current Applications and New Perspectives in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Assessment: From PCI Optimization to Pharmacological Treatment Guidance." Photonics 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020158.

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Since its ability to precisely characterized atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes, to tailor stent implantation, as well as to guide both complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and invasive diagnostic work-ups (e.g., spontaneous coronary dissections or myocardial infarction with non-obstructive arteries), the adoption of optical coherence tomography (OCT) was raised in the past decades in order to provide complementary information to the traditional angiography and to overcome its limitations. However, the impact of OCT on daily clinical practice is currently modest, firstly because of the lack of both standardized algorithms of PCI guidance and data from prospective clinical trials. Therefore, the aim of our narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic OCT interpretation, to summarize the evidence supporting the OCT guidance procedures and applications, to discuss its current limitations, and to highlight the knowledge gaps that need to be filled with more robust evidence.

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Liu, Xu’an, Weixuan Luo, Xiaogang Jiang, and Bin Zhang. "Highly Birefringent and Low-Loss Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fiber Based on a Hybrid Guidance Mechanism." Photonics 10, no. 5 (May 4, 2023): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050525.

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A highly birefringent and low-loss hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) based on a hybrid guidance mechanism is proposed and investigated by using a finite element method. The hybrid guidance mechanism is caused by the anti-resonance effect and the total internal reflection effect. The proposed HC-ARF is obtained by employing twin symmetrical and mutually tangential elliptical arc anti-resonance layers (EA-ARLs) in a conventional 8-tube HC-ARF. Because of the anti-resonance mechanism and the total internal reflection mechanism in the EA-ARL, mode coupling appears between the core mode and the cladding mode. Simulation results indicate that the proposed HC-ARF can achieve birefringence as high as 10−2 in a near-infrared range of 1400 nm to 1600 nm and a low confinement loss (CL) of 7.74 × 10−4 dB/m (9.26 × 10−4 dB/m) for x- and y-polarization components of the fundamental mode (FM) at 1550 nm. In addition, the existence of the 8-tube anti-resonance structure in the cladding significantly suppresses the CL of the x-polarization component of the FM significantly, but the impact on the CL of the y-polarization FM can be ignored, which is determined mainly by the twin EA-ARLs. Furthermore, the performance of the birefringence and CL are also investigated by changing the values of other fiber structure parameters. Our proposed structure successfully shows the ability of the hybrid guidance mechanism in the application of CL manipulation of orthogonal polarization components.

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Fullard, K., and P. Barr. "Development of design guidance for low velocity impacts on concrete floors." Nuclear Engineering and Design 115, no. 1 (July 1989): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(89)90264-1.

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