Relevant bibliographies by topics / NSDF Soils

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Academic literature on the topic 'NSDF Soils'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "NSDF Soils"

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Iarmosh, I., and Yu Olkhovyk. "Conceptual Model to Determine Maximum Activity of Radioactive Waste in Near-Surface Disposal Facilities." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 3(71) (August 15, 2016): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2016.3(71).11.

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For development of the management strategy for radioactive waste to be placed in near-surface disposal facilities (NSDF), it is necessary to justify long-term safety of such facilities. Use of mathematical modelling methods for long-term forecasts of radwaste radiation impacts and assessment of radiation risks from radionuclides migration can help to resolve this issue. The purpose of the research was to develop the conceptual model for determining the maximum activity of radwaste to be safely disposed in the NSDF and to test it in the case of Lot 3 Vector NSDF (Chornobyl exclusion zone). This paper describes an approach to the development of such a model. The conceptual model of 90Sr migration from Lot 3 through aeration zone and aquifer soils was developed. The results of modelling are shown. The proposals on further steps for the model improvement were developed.
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Gupta, V. V. S. R., M. M. Roper, and D. K. Roget. "Potential for non-symbiotic N2-fixation in different agroecological zones of southern Australia." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05122.

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Nitrogen fixation by symbiotic and non-symbiotic bacteria can be a significant source of nitrogen in cropping systems. However, contributions from non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation (NSNF) are dependent on available carbon in the soil and environmental conditions (soil moisture and temperature). In Australia, measurements of NSNF have been made in the field by quantifying nitrogenase activity. These studies have included determinations of the moisture and temperature requirements for NSNF and for crop residue decomposition that supplies carbon to NSNF bacteria. Other studies have determined the N input by NSNF using N budget calculations. These data together with information about carbon supply and environmental conditions were used to estimate potential NSNF in the cropping zones of southern Australia. Using the ArcviewGIS Spatial Analyst (v3.1), maps of Australia showing estimates of NSNF in different cropping zones as determined by rainfall and temperature or carbon availability were generated. In Western Australia (represented by Wongan Hills) and South Australia (represented by Avon), where summers are dry, estimates of NSNF were generally low (10–15 kg N/ha from January to June) due to limitations of soil moisture. In New South Wales, particularly in the north where summer rainfall patterns develop (represented by Gunnedah), the warm, moist conditions produced higher estimates of NSNF (totaling 32–38 kg N/ha from January to June). In this region, the majority of estimated NSNF occurred in January and February leading to the depletion of carbon supplies and reduced NSNF in autumn (March–June). Information about potential supplies of N from NSNF across the cropping zones should be useful for researchers to select and study areas that are most likely to benefit from NSNF. It should also help agronomists and extension officers explain changes in N status within paddocks or within specific farming systems and to provide more accurate advice on N fertiliser requirements, particularly in low-input farming systems.
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Al-Murshedi, Alaa D., Mahdi O. Karkush, and Hussein H. Karim. "Collapsibility and Shear Strength of Gypseous Soil Improved by Nano Silica Fume (NSF)." Key Engineering Materials 857 (August 2020): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.857.292.

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The problematic soils have complex and irregular behavior such as gypseous soils, which concentrated mainly in the dry and semi-dry regions in the world. In Iraq, the gypseous soils cover about 30 to 35% of its total area in the west desert and extended to the southern parts of Iraq. The gypseous soils experience sudden collapse upon wetting. The present paper focuses on studying the effects of nano silica fume (NSF) on the collapsibility and shear strength of gypseous soil before and after soaking. Also, this study, the influence of NSF on the chemical and physical characteristics of gypseous soil have been investigated. A gypseous soil sample obtained from Al-Najaf Sea has gypsum content of 42%. The gypseous soil samples are mixed with three percentages of nano silica fume (1, 2, and 4) % calculated as ratio of the dry mass of soil to measure their influence on the geotechnical characteristics of soil samples. The collapse potential of gypseous soil is reduced with increasing the content of nano silica fume. Also, increasing the content of NSF and curing time resulted in increasing the shear strength of soil samples.
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Abadie, Marc, Zaid Romani, Michel Burlot, Jérôme Nicolle, Pierre Peigné, Lionel Druette, Bernard Collignan, and Francis Allard. "Development of a Natural Soil Depressurization System Sizing Tool." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012185.

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Abstract This paper presents a summary of the main developments and results achieved in the frame-work of the French research project called EVAL-SDS. This project aims to analyse the performance of Natural, i.e. without use of fan for extraction, Soil Depressurization Systems (NSDS) to protect the built indoor environment from soil gaseous pollutant (Radon, Volatile Organic Compounds…). In this paper, the aeraulic performance of NSDS is studied i.e. its capacity to extract air from the ground to protect building’s occupants. To this end, we first performed measurements of airflow rates extracted by a NSDS integrated in a test-house during one year. Those data include various weather conditions (stack effect, wind) for several key parameters (wind extractor type, slab air permeability and basement pressure). Then, a dedicated calculation tool has been developed and validated against the experimental results. This numerical model has been used to evaluate the NSDS performance in France for different building heights and ventilation systems. The results show that NSDS succeed in creating a negative pressure under the building slab most of the time and that the extracted airflow rates can be enhanced by better design of wind extractor, association with mechanical insufflating ventilation system and thermal transfer from the building during the heating season.
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Wijdan Ahmed Ali, Bahrouz M.M AL-Jaaf, and SajidS.Saleam AL-SaeedI. "Detection of Unculturable Fungi in Soil Regions of Aziz Awa in Sulaimani province." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 23, no. 9 (January 30, 2023): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v23i9.810.

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Unculturable and non-sporulting fungi represent a great challenge instudying biotrophic, endotrophic and mycorrhizal fungal groups. In thisstudy collection of soil sample from region Aziz Awa in sulaimaniprovince and using culture-dependent and culture in-dependenttechniques for cultivation of unculturable fungi for the purpose ofexpanding studies on fungal biodiversity in soil. Sabouraud DextroseAgar with supplement as pyridoxine by replicating master plate fromhigher dilution of soil three tinny colonies (less than 1mm in diameter)had grown on medium after incubation for 5-7 weeks at 280C but had notshown growth when replicated on traditional mycological media (PDA,Czapack Dox Agar and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) were selected,purified, studied culturally and microscopically and identified bymolecular methods. Four specific primer sets (NSIF/ITS4r, NSIF/ LRIF,EF4F/ITS4r and EF60F/ITS4r) were used to amplify partial sequences offungal r RNA gene included ITS sequences. The partial sequences ofthree clones were aligned through the BLASTN phylogenetic analysis inNCBI were available at GenBank database and revealed higher scoresand identities with Fusarium sp, Penicillium sp and Uncultured soilfungus clone. These results led us to consider the clones as viable butnon culturable (VBNC) soil fungi like the common phenomenon in somebacterial species.
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Khan, V. A., C. Stevens, J. Y. Lu, D. I. Collins, M. A. Wilson, J. E. Brown, M. K. Kabwe, and O. Adeyeye. "RESPONSE OF OKRA TRANSPLANTS GROWS ON SOIL SOLARIZING PLOTS DURING THE ACTIVE PERIOD OF SOIL SOLARIZATION." HortScience 29, no. 7 (July 1994): 733e—733. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.7.733e.

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A study was conducted in 1991 to determine the effect high soil temperatures would have on `Clemson Spineless' okra plants transplanted into field plots during 60 days of active soil solarization (solar heating of the soil using clear plastic during the summer period). Solarized plots were planted to a winter cover crop which served as an organic amendment, which was rototilled into the top 15 cm of the soil before solarizing. Okra transplants were planted on the outer edges of the plots one month after the solarization process commenced and drip irrigated. Three weeks (wk) after transplanting, a complete fertilizer at the rate of 200 parts per million was applied to the plots giving the following treatment combinations: solarized non-fertilized control (SNF), non-solarized non-fertilized control (NSNF), solar fertilized (SF). and non-solarized fertilized (NSF). Results showed that the increased soil temperature did not have any deleterious effect on the okra plants grown in SNF or SF plots. However, plants grown in SF plots suffered severe fertilizer bums which affected plant density and yield. This indicated a rapid breakdown of soil organic matter provided sufficient nutrients to sustain a late-season crop of okra. Plant height, marketable yield vegetative branching and income generated were greater in SNF compared to SF, NSF and NSNF plots, respectively.
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Demsie, Tarekegn Shumetie, Markos Tsegaye Beyene, Abuye Boja Lemma, and Esayas Alemayehu. "NSF (Nylon Synthetic Fiber) Effectiveness in Stabilizing Weak Subgrade Soil: An Experimental Investigation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (May 30, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3085842.

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Improvement in subgrade soil has always been an area of concern for highway and geotechnical engineers. Weak subgrade soil results in a greater thickness of the pavement layer, which increases the cost of pavement construction. It further leads to large deformations, which in turn cause continuous deterioration of the paved surface. To solve this problem, various engineering solutions and soil improvement mechanisms were previously proposed. This study was designed to investigate the stabilization of weak subgrade soil with nylon synthetic fiber (NSF) in a compromising combination. Previously, some investigations used a lower fiber content with a higher fiber length, whereas others used a lower fiber length with a higher fiber content. However, this investigation was uniquely designed to stabilize weak subgrade soil with the consideration of appropriate fiber length (10 mm and 20 mm) and content (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2.5%). The engineering properties of the soil, the effect of NSF on weak subgrade soil, various fiber content and aspect ratios, and the optimum content and critical fiber aspect ratio were investigated in a laboratory. The effect of fibers on compaction, CBR values, and CBR swell values has also been studied. Laboratory results on the modified compaction tests showed that maximum dry density (MDD) was increased with the increment of fiber content, whereas optimum moisture content (OMC) remained constant. The soaked CBR and CBR swell values of natural soil were 1.80% and 8.95%, respectively. Due to reinforcement, the percentage increase in soaked CBR value at the optimum NSF content is 265.3, 310.0, 282.8, and 342.2 for aspect ratios of 33.33, 66.67, 25, and 50, respectively, with reference to natural soil. Also, the percentage decrease in swelling is 34.7, 52.75, 43.55, and 36.9, respectively. Moreover, the CBR value increases with the increase in aspect ratio by keeping the diameter constant and decreases with the increase in aspect ratio by keeping the length constant. It was also observed that increasing the length and diameter of NSF further increased the CBR value of reinforced soil. This increment was substantial at a fiber content of 1.5% for an aspect ratio of 50 (length = 20 mm, diameter = 0.4 mm). There was also a decrease in the CBR swelling value with an increase in fiber content. Finally, this investigation concluded that the use of NSF is a solution to weak soils with regard to moisture and performance problems.
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Shaikh, Janarul, Sudheer Kumar Yamsani, Sanjeet Sahoo, Sreedeep Sekharan, and Ravi Ranjan Rakesh. "Hydraulic performance assessment of a multi-layered landfill cover system under constant water ponding." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 25, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2022-0017.

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Abstract The engineered multi-layered cover system (MLCS) is used to minimize rainwater infiltration into the wastes accommodated in near surface waste disposal facility (NSDF). It is important to assess the hydraulic performance of MLCS before deploying it in the field. For this purpose, an instrumented three-layered soil column representing MLCS was subjected to 1.5 m constant ponding head for 400 days. The variation of volumetric water content and soil water potential was monitored as a function of depth and time. The objective of the study is to understand the long-term hydraulic performance and rate of saturation of different layers of MLCS. Under constant water ponding, the time to saturation for 0.3 m in surface layer, 0.6 m in drainage layer and 1.0 m in hydraulic barrier layer was observed as 24, 223 and 262 days, respectively. The numerical analysis of the MLCS predicted comparable time duration of 25, 234 and 272 days, respectively. It was noted that the numerical simulation performed by using measured wetting hydraulic parameters matched well with the experimental observation. The importance of soil specific calibration of water content sensors to improve the accuracy of observations was demonstrated. Percentage error in the estimation of layer specific soil water storage, clearly indicates that the volumetric water content measurements using profile probe was marginally better than 5TM measurements.
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Sun, Ting Cong, Jack D. Jarrell, and Robert L. Schafer. "Computer instrumentation for the NSDL soil bin penetrometer car." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 1, no. 3 (December 1986): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1699(86)90015-3.

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Cemiloglu, Ahmed, Licai Zhu, Biyun Chen, Li Lu, and Yaser A. Nanehkaran. "Enhancing Urban Surface Runoff Conveying System Dimensions through Optimization Using the Non-Dominated Sorting Differential Evolution (NSDE) Metaheuristic Algorithm." Water 15, no. 16 (August 14, 2023): 2927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15162927.

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Rapid urban development and increase in construction have significantly altered the surface coverage of cities, resulting in a rise in impervious surfaces such as roofs, streets, and pavements. These changes act as barriers against rainwater infiltration into the soil, leading to a substantial increase in surface runoff. Managing surface runoff has become a critical task in civil engineering and urban planning, as it can mitigate damage and provide opportunities for utilizing excess water. However, traditional flood control and guidance systems tend to be extensive and expensive, prompting researchers to explore cost-effective alternatives that consider all design parameters and variables. In this research, we propose an innovative approach that combines the NSDE (non-dominated sorting differential evolution) metaheuristic algorithm as an optimizer with the SWMM (storm water management model) as a simulator. The objective is to design efficient surface runoff collection networks by thoroughly investigating their hydraulic behaviors. This study focuses on the Chitgar watershed in Tehran, Iran, utilizing the SWMM model and NSDE multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm to determine the optimal dimensions of the channel and its intersecting structures. The aim is to minimize costs and reduce water leakage from the network. A comparison is made between the optimized design results and the existing network plan (without any design modifications). The analysis reveals substantial reductions in water leakage for all three design scenarios: a 7.66% reduction when considering only bridges, a 7.35% reduction with only the canal, and an impressive 95.26% reduction when both the canal and bridges are incorporated. These findings demonstrate the superiority of the optimized designs in terms of cost-effectiveness and the efficient management of surface runoff.
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Books on the topic "NSDF Soils"

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development., ed. DOE/EPA/NSF/ONR joint program on bioremediation: Interagency announcement of opportunity : Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, Office of Naval Research jointly announce the availability of 1996 grants for research. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "NSDF Soils"

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Moore, John C. "Long-Term Ecological Research and Lessons from Networked Lives." In Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199380213.003.0060.

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The Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program has affected how I conduct and evaluate ecological research. Working with the LTER program has given me a greater appreciation for the complexity of the natural world and has provided a framework to study it. The LTER program has provided the best possible venue to connect ecological research with classroom instruction, mentoring, and professional development. Translating our science to the public is a challenge. My experiences in the LTER program have provided multiple opportunities to work with the public, K–12 and college or university students, and professionals in different fields. This process has honed my communication skills. The ideas that emerge from true collaborative science cannot be understated. The work at an LTER site and within the LTER network works best when we collaborate. I received my undergraduate training in ecology at the University of California (UC) Santa Barbara. At UC Santa Barbara in the 1970s, the ecology program focused largely on populations and communities. Field observations, laboratory studies, manipulative field studies, and equation-based modeling were the norm. I recall the first set of litter and soil samples of arthropods that I sorted were extracted using Tullgren funnels and thought at the time that a person would have to be insane to pursue this type of work as a career. Two years later, I was in the graduate program at Michigan State University working with Dr. Richard Snider where I studied the impacts of herbicides on soil arthropods in no- till corn. At Michigan State, I learned the importance of species life histories, behaviors, and tolerances to environmental variation. My first exposure with the LTER program started in 1979, during my first year of graduate school at Michigan State University. A National Science Foundation (NSF) program officer was visiting the university to promote the concept of the LTER program and the first round of competition. Being 22 years old at the time, it was difficult for me to appreciate discussions about a program that would potentially operate over several decades. As a graduate student, it was a lesson in the planning, extended time frame, and other programmatic logistics of collaborative science.
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Wiens, John A., and Nancy E. McIntyre. "Birds of the Shortgrass Steppe." In Ecology of the Shortgrass Steppe. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135824.003.0013.

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Birds are part of the special magic of grasslands. Birds such as McCown’s Longspurs (scientific names are given in the Appendix) or Horned Larks, which seem to disappear against the background of grass, soil, and stones when they are on the ground, launch breathtaking courtship flights punctuated by tinkling songs and mothlike flutterings. Male Lark Buntings, incongruously black and white (Fig. 9.1A) against the subdued tones of the grassland, may break into their morning territorial displays or gather together spontaneously in melodious group choruses. Mountain Plovers may burst from underfoot into utterly convincing broken-wing distraction displays. Ferruginous and other hawks (Fig. 9.1B) may suddenly plummet from the blue skies above. Sightings of relatively rare species such as Chestnut-collared Longspurs (Fig. 9.1C) may bring joy to dedicated bird-watchers. Birds give the shortgrass steppe an aura that Bouteloua alone cannot. Yet birds have not figured importantly in most discussions of grassland ecology. They are generally drab and brownish, so they have not attracted much attention from the general public, and their contributions to ecosystem production and energy flow are small, so they have not been of much interest to ecologists studying ecosystem processes. However, grassland birds are showing the most widespread and consistent population declines of any group of North American birds (Herkert, 1995; Knopf, 1994; Peterjohn and Sauer, 1999). As a consequence, they have become a focus of conservation concern (Brennen and Kulvesky, 2005; Vickery and Herkert, 2001). The history of ornithological research in the shortgrass steppe is closely intertwined with the broadly interdisciplinary work conducted during the IBP in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and more recently (since 1982) as part of the NSF LTER program. In this chapter we describe the birds of the shortgrass steppe and summarize pertinent research that has been conducted on them during the past 40+ years. Our aim is to synthesize this information to provide a perspective on how environmental factors may relate to population fluctuations, on spatiotemporal shifts in community composition, and on patterns of habitat occupancy among the birds of the shortgrass steppe. We conclude by noting some continuing research priorities that have become more critical as conservation concerns about these birds have heightened.
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"ahcutm io annslairfee , m pr oosptee rt f y fe , c a ti nvdep if roddo uctive capacity. These is a critical element of the hydrological system. fervoem nt . o T ne hena ty tu preaslohrafzoarrmdstoofam no it n ig eaitn io nadavcat nce of the Information on the status of snowpack conditions can m ther. Droug iv hitt -i reeslavtaerdyfporroevciadsets co onfsb id e e lo ra w b -le noardmvaalncse tr dealm ea f d lo t w im aend fo rrerseelr ia vbolierf th ro it m ig ati e in tshioosne act diou u s se io dnfsoraroet , h e for the most part, different levels. gation is the indaetnutrie fi coaf ti ohran za artd ural hazards because of •Monitoring and early warning refers to activities with previous droughts a n of t . heAifm ir psatcsttsepa ss in ocm iat i e ti d ­ tdheacti si pornovm id aekeirnsfo at r m al a l ti l o ev neltsho at ftchaenobneseutsoefddtroouaglhetr . t w th ietshefium tu praectds ro (a ungdhtotehvee rs n ) daarnea li skseelsysm to enbteoafsw so hcei ther This information can be used by planners, emergency actions can be identifie n d ts. From this point, spec aitfeidcimmapnlaegmee rs n , tpporlo ic g y ra amnmdedsecainsd io pnom lic aikees rs th , aatnwd il o l th he elrpsttooo fu f t ur im epdarcotus gh atsseovceinattse . d Pa rttoIV re edm uc pehatsh is eesim th peacr ts of reduce the risk associated with the hazard. Moni­ geographical settings as wwie th ll adsrom ug et hhtodionl og viaerasinoguest to doa ri cat tia ng activities include the collection and analysis of quantify these impacts. Part V considers adjustment user o , ndo at fadaptraodpu ro cdtudcetvsetloopdm ec einsti , onanmdak th e e rs caonmdm ot uhneir ­ a an nddaPdaarpt ta V ti Ioncosn tr caetn eg tr iaetsesemopnlopyreedpatroed re ndeu ss cem im et phaocd ts ­ h in aza s r . dDsabtuat in a cludes not only physical data related to olo the definit lisoon so ocfiavlualn ne drabb io il lio ty g . icA al d co a m ta ptrheahtenassisv is ethgaavtg io ie n s , pr iong st ria tu m ti m on es alaanrdr an a g ct eim on esn , ts a /c nadpapco it liiecs ie , s miti­ drought monitoring system would include the collec­ imp e a ct bseo en f dr oorugchotu . ld be employed to reduce th th aetp ti roenc ip o it f a tio cl n i ) maastow lo el gliacsals tre daam ta f lo ( w e. , g r . e , se trevm oi prearnad tu grreouanndd ­ t • oPrienpcarreeadsneestshe re fleervseltoofprreedaidsiansetsesraocr tivities designed w se a n ter levels, soil moisture, snowpack, and remo improve oper­ cast ssedodfataagfrriocm satellites. This information is useful in ftoerley ­ aan ti on eamlearngdenicnys tit ( uet . igo ., naelacra ly p ab w il air ti neisng fo rsryess te p m on s, d in ogpetro ­ itnod ri i n ce gsatnodte ra acru ly ltw ur aarlnianngdtehcyhdnrioqluoegsi , cianlcldurdoiungghtth . e M us oeno i­ f u at sieofnuallfpolrands) e . no Fto in rgdrpor ught, contingency plans are them in a histo kriccu al rrent d ogrammatic responsibilities; contex ro t, u is g h th teco su nbdjie ti cotnosfaPnadrttIoIIv . iew p im ol p ic rioevsinbgetiw nf eoernmaatn io dnw fl iotw hi nonlesveev ls e ri o ty, im and coordination between levels of gov fergnomv pac eenrtn ts m , ean nd . t; d •P ec re is diiocn ti / opnolriecfyermsatkoerascw tiv it it hieasdtvhaantcepd ro fvoirdeecauss ts eros and D f the m sh a ro l ught i oul pdarntoosfan th i e nsidi t be vi ecw li e m ou aste nat d as m of ural hazard tha erveilrytuaalp ly hyaslilcarletg is pihoaensn no . omIrt ­ o ­ a fo crcm ur s r , ebnu ce tporfodbraobu il g it hyt . These forecasts can take many enon. Rather, drought is the result of an interplay p n re ddi in ct tieonnss it . yoFrorseecvaes ri ttyo ) fiso ccurrenc accu ursaucay ll yiaes so (t c im iat e e , ddw ura s highly viatrh ti o th n e , w be attw er eesnua natural event and the demand placed on between natural iable be consi pdpelryedbyrh el uam tiv aen -u to se ssoym ste emlso . nDg-rtoeurgmhtasvheo ra u g ld eidm ro puogrh ta ts ntincom ns oishtapzaarrtdssoafntdhe is w pa orrtlidc . ulLae rl deration for drought fore aydltiimm it eed is f a or condition of balance between precipitation and so d casts as well n , eva M po atnry an dsepfiirnaittiioonn . s of drought exist; it is unrealistic a in ncdorepco is riaotnem th akers are given ample opportunity to to expect a universal definition to be derived. Th the imple imseinntfao ti romnato io fnmiin ti g p at liaonnn in pr gogsrta ra m te mge ie s s . sDpreocu ti g ve htc as anfboe ll ogw ro s: u pe mdetbeyortoylpoegiocfald , isc hiypd li rnoalroygipcearl ­ , c lo agse ts reof is m al estoeoarno lo im gi pcoarl ta d n ro tudg is httinacn ti don th boe se tw oefenhyfdorroe -­ ian gric ical drought, especially in regions where snowpack so cco io rup ltur ec o o ra ntaels , d an omic if d f fe re snotc ioeco actors ipnhy it s n ic oaml, ic b . s defini io E lo agcihc al, d is a cipline tion. It mu nsdt /o be r." In Droughts, 46. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-33.

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Conference papers on the topic "NSDF Soils"

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Kong, Gang-qiang, Qing Yang, and Mao-tian Luan. "Study on Negative Skin Friction of Pile Groups Considering Coupled Effect of Surface Load and Soil Consolidation." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79679.

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The study was performed based on an analysis of model test results of 3×3 pile group and confirmed the reliability and accuracy of determining negative skin friction (NSF) using numerical modeling of fluid-soild interaction. A 3D numerical model with surface load and soil consolidation was established using FLAC3D, which focused on the mechanism of NSF and its influence factors such as friction of pile-soil interface, spacing of pile and time of consolidation. The results obtained under different cases in an engineering practice were finally compared with measured and empirical data, showing that it is necessary to consider surface load and soil consolidation when dealing with NSF. The results also indicated the analysis with surface load and soil consolidation could simulate the developing process of NSF and produce a more accurate outcome — closer to measured data. The NSF increases rapidly at beginning and then slowly down, finally stabilized at a constant as soil consolidation progresses. Due to pile group effects, the piles at the centre had a smaller downdrag and settlement than those at corner or at edges; pile group effects became more obvious when pile spacing decreased.
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